REGISTERED COMPANY NUMBER: |
REGISTERED CHARITY NUMBER: |
REPORT OF THE TRUSTEES AND |
UNAUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022 |
FOR |
CLAWAR ASSOCIATION LIMITED |
REGISTERED COMPANY NUMBER: |
REGISTERED CHARITY NUMBER: |
REPORT OF THE TRUSTEES AND |
UNAUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022 |
FOR |
CLAWAR ASSOCIATION LIMITED |
CLAWAR ASSOCIATION LIMITED |
CONTENTS OF THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022 |
Page |
Report of the Trustees | 1 | to | 6 |
Independent Examiner's Report | 7 |
Statement of Financial Activities | 8 |
Statement of Financial Position | 9 |
Notes to the Financial Statements | 10 | to | 14 |
CLAWAR ASSOCIATION LIMITED (REGISTERED NUMBER: 05730036) |
REPORT OF THE TRUSTEES |
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022 |
The trustees who are also directors of the charity for the purposes of the Companies Act 2006, present their report with the financial statements of the charity for the year ended 31 December 2022. The trustees have adopted the provisions of Accounting and Reporting by Charities: Statement of Recommended Practice applicable to charities preparing their accounts in accordance with the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102) (effective 1 January 2019). |
OBJECTIVES AND ACTIVITIES |
Objectives and aims |
We are working with other bodies and organisations to improve linkages between different communities involved in the area of robotics (researchers, industry, end users, standardisation bodies and regulators) so that to inform the public of new developments in the evolving area of robotics and that new safety and other standards are created and published to allow the public to benefit from the new types of service robots designed to improve the quality of life of society as a whole as well as individuals. |
Covid-19 impact: The Covid-19 pandemic has had a cultural impact in the sense that some participants of events tend not to attend in person and prefer virtual participation. As a result the number of in-person participation have been reduced in the organised events of the Association. The two main annual conferences of the Association during 2023, namely CLAWAR 2023 (due to be held in Brazil) and ICRES 2023 (held in the Netherlands) were organised in hybrid (virtual and physical) participation mode. Although virtual mode will allow participation from comfort of home/other environment and that people do not have to travel, but still participation in the conferences has not been to the level we experienced previously in physical participation mode. This will impact on the financial status of the Association as the income revenue is strongly reduced. Similarly, some meetings of the ISO/TC299 Working groups on robot standardisation had to be held virtually, and attendance in these e-meetings has also been low. This will impact on effective engagement with experts on robot standardisation. |
Significant Activities |
1. M. Osman Tokhi - Trustee Report |
As Trustee and Chair of CLAWAR Association I have been involved in several activities. These are as follows: |
1) I have chaired the various meetings of the Management Team, and Board of Trustees meetings of the Association including meetings #22-5 (11 Sept 2022), #22-6 (19 Dec 2022), #23-1 (20 Feb 2023), #23-2 (03 April 2023), #23-3 (05 June 2023), #23-4 (07 August 2023). |
2) I have led the UK robot ethics activities as part of the BSI AMT10/1 Sub-Committee on Ethics of Robots and Autonomous Systems, on development of ethical guidelines for design and deployment of robots. The work has focused on revision of the British Standard BS8611:2016, and this led to publication in March 2023 of the revised standard BS8611:2023. |
3) I have had major involvement in organising and participating in several events. These include the following: |
a) General co-Chair of ICRES 2023 conference, Utrecht, Netherlands, 17-18 July 2023 in hybrid mode. |
b) General co-Chair of CLAWAR 2023 conference, Florianopolis, Brazil, 02-04 October 2023. |
c) Member of programme/Advisory committee of several international conferences. |
4) Major involvement in robot standardisation activities |
a) Acted as chair of BSI AMT10/1 sub-committee on Ethics of Robots and Autonomous Systems |
b) Exercised active role as member on BSI AMT10 - Robotics Committee. |
c) ISO TC299/WG2 (Service robot safety). Chaired as convenor meetings #38 (26 Sept 2022), #39 (18 Oct 2022), #40 (15 Nov 2022), #41 (12-16 Dec 2022), #42 (01 February 2023), #43 (06 March 2023), #44 (03 April 2023), #45 (21-23 June 2023), #46 (24 July 2023), #47 (21 Aug 2023) of the working group. |
5) Further major activities have included |
a) Keynote lectures at several international conferences. |
b) Publication of research articles in journals and international conferences. |
c) Research projects in the areas of robotics. |
d) Acting as guest editor of special issues for two international journals, and member of editorial/advisory board of several international journals. |
e) Acting as Editor-in-Chief of Journal of Low Frequency Noise, Vibration and Active Control. |
CLAWAR ASSOCIATION LIMITED (REGISTERED NUMBER: 05730036) |
REPORT OF THE TRUSTEES |
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022 |
OBJECTIVES AND ACTIVITIES |
Significant activities |
2. Gurvinder S Virk - Trustee Report |
As a member of the board of Trustees I have been involved in several activities within CLAWAR Association. These are as follows: |
1) Participated in CLAWAR meetings whenever possible. |
2) Participated in planning meetings for ICRES2023 and CLAWAR 2023. |
3) Participated in ISO TC299/WG6 work on Modularity for service robots as convenor leading to the publication of ISO 22166-1. Also leading the 402 project on Modularity for exoskeletons. |
4) Restarted the work to revise IEC /TR 60601-4-1 as Convenor of ISO Tc/299 and IEC SC 62A JWG9 Medical electrical equipment using robotic technology. |
5) Participated in the IEC 60601 4th edition planning activities as Convenor of IECSC 62A JWG9 Medical electrical equipment using robotic technology |
6) Participated in BSI AMT/10 and AMT10/1 E-Meetings for robot standardisation in UK |
7) As reappointed CLAWAR Treasurer, started to manage the finances of the Association and produced the document for the 2022 annual accounts for the accountants. |
3. Manuel Armada - Trustee Report |
As a member of the board of Trustees I have been involved in several activities within CLAWAR Association. These are as follows: |
1) I was helping to the organisation of CLAWAR events, like those that follow: |
a) CLAWAR 2023 conference, Florianopolis, Brazil, 02-04 October 2023, to its organisation as member of the International Scientific Committee, as well as a reviewer for scientific contributions. |
2) Member of programme/Advisory committee of several international conferences. |
3) I was promoting scientific and technical activity regarding climbing and walking robots and support technologies. The main activities are as follows: |
a) Member of Editorial Board (Academic Editor) for Applied Sciences (MDPI). |
b) Member of Editorial Board of The International Journal of Advanced Robotics (SAGE), serving as Topic Editor for "CLIMBING AND WALKING ROBOTS". |
c) Member of Editorial Board of The Industrial Robot: An International Journal (EMERALD) |
d) Reviewer for scientific publications in the Industrial Robot, Sensors and Autonomous Robots. |
e) Publication of research articles related to robotics in scientific journals and international conferences. |
f) Getting funding for Research Projects in the area of robotics. |
g) Promoting further research in the area of Agricultural Robots, by the setting-up of a new Greenhouse Robotics Research Laboratory at the Centre for Robotics and Automation. |
4) I was attending several CLAWAR Board of Trustees meetings during last year's period (2022-2023). |
4. Bryan Bridge - Trustee Report |
My professional activities which have relevance to my position as a CLAWAR Trustee are as follows: |
1) I attended a majority of the Trustee's Meetings in the last year, attended the CLAWAR 2022 conference and AGM of Trustees in Ponta Delgado, the Azores, Portugal and chaired some sessions there. |
2) I participated in the review of the papers submitted for the CLAWAR 2023 conference to be held in Florianapolis, Brazil, 2-4 October 2023 and the assessment of papers as candidates for a conference award. |
3) Concerning CLAWAR strategy: our membership of the TWIN network has expired and as far as I know none from our CLAWAR membership has been able to attend the annual conference of this network. But more to the point, to the best of my knowledge I do not think that any of us have been contacted by any other member of TWIN in any capacity. So it seems that this network is of no advertisement value to us. If I could be wrong, committee comments are invited. |
CLAWAR ASSOCIATION LIMITED (REGISTERED NUMBER: 05730036) |
REPORT OF THE TRUSTEES |
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022 |
OBJECTIVES AND ACTIVITIES |
4) I continue to run my own name company as Physics and Engineering Consultant and Writer, This involves (a) Writing EU collaborative proposals and UKRI EPSRC proposals for several university clients and research institutes in the private sector. In recent years I have been writing mainly for low TRL instruments with high research and innovation content e.g. EU pathfinder and EPSRC standard responsive mode This keeps me up to date (and therefore useful to CLAWAR) on all the key supporting technologies for robotics, AI, renewable energy and green technologies for towards net zero emissions and the circular manufacturing economy. (b) Reviewing and editing research papers for students and staff for submission for publication. |
5) In the above company in the past year, I have prepared several research papers for publication and written the following proposals (abbreviated titles): (1) High- Performance Sustainable Additive Manufacturing Powered by AI (HPSAM) (2) Automated robotic removal of defective goods from manufacturing lines without line shut down (TETRAPOD). (3) Novel ultrasonic bubble cavitation for high yield hydrogen generation (BUBBLE 4 HYDROGEN). (4) Circular Innovations for Plastics (CRISPS). (5) Free radical generator for water treatment of persistent pollutants (RAD-GEN). (6) Designing Self-Healing Cyber-Physical Manufacturing Systems (SHCPMS). (7) Novel techniques for mapping global transport and vectors of invasive aquatic species to enable prevention measures for marine biodiversity and shipping protection (NERC) (8) Framework for an Optimised and Deployable Healthcare Technology solution for cardiovascular disease (FODHT-F). (9) Propolis characterisation for elucidation of future potential as a sustainable manufacturing material. |
5. Dimitris Chrysostomou - Trustee Report |
As a member of the board of Trustees I have been involved in several activities within the Association over the period covered by this report. These are as follows: |
1) I have been involved with the co-organization of the main conferences related with the research themes that the Association supports. |
2) I have participated in numerous meetings of the Management and Trustee teams whenever was possible. |
3) Further major activities have included: |
a) Publication of research articles in journals and international conferences, |
b) Research projects in the areas of robotics and human-robot interaction, |
c) Acting as a member of editorial/advisory board of several international journals and conferences such as The Industrial Robot: An International Journal (EMERALD), |
d) Reviewer for scientific publications in the Industrial Robot, Frontiers on Robotics & AI, IEEE Transactions on Robotics, IEEE Transactions on Cybernetics, IEEE Transactions on Automation Science and Engineering, IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, IEEE Transactions on Human Machine Systems, IEEE Transactions on Neural Systems & Rehabilitation Engineering, Machine Vision & Applications, Applied Sciences and Sensors. |
6. Seungbin Moon - Trustee Report |
As a member of the board of Trustees I have been involved in several activities, and these are as follows |
1) Major involvement in organising and participating in several events; these are the following: |
a) CLAWAR'23 Conference. Member of the International Advisory Committee. |
2) Major involvement in robot standardisation activities aimed at widening the application base of robotics for the public benefit. Details of the activities are the following: |
a) ISO TC 299/WG 4 (Service robots). As a project leader, I have developed the FDIS draft of the revision of ISO 18646-2, Robotics - Performance criteria and related test methods for service robots - Part 2: Navigation. |
b) ISO TC 299/WG 1 (Vocabulary and characteristics). As an expert, I have participated WG 1 meeting in Berlin, Germany, Dec. 2022. |
7. Giovanni Muscato - Trustee Report |
As a member of the Board of Trustees I have been involved in several activities, and these are as follows: |
CLAWAR ASSOCIATION LIMITED (REGISTERED NUMBER: 05730036) |
REPORT OF THE TRUSTEES |
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022 |
OBJECTIVES AND ACTIVITIES |
1) Participated in CLAWAR meeting whenever possible. |
2) Participated in CLAWAR 2022 conference and in planning meetings for CLAWAR 2023. |
3) Further major activities have included |
a) Publication of research articles in journals and international conferences. |
b) Research projects in the areas of robotics. |
c) Acting as a member of editorial/advisory board of several international journals and conferences. |
d) Keynote lectures at several international conferences. |
8. Manuel Silva - Trustee Report |
As a member of the Board of Trustees I have been involved in several activities, and these are as follows: |
1) I have participated in various meetings of the Management Team, and Board of Trustees meetings of the Association. |
2) I was involved in the organization of the two CLAWAR Association conferences: |
a) International Scientific Committee co-Chair of ICRES 2023 conference, Utrecht, Netherlands, 17-18 July 2023 in hybrid mode. |
b) International Scientific Committee co-Chair of CLAWAR 2023 conference, Florianopolis, Brazil, 02-04 October 2023. |
3) I was member of the programme committee of several national and international conferences. |
4) I was involved in the organization of the Portuguese Robotics Open being responsible for the "Robot Dragster" and "Industrial Robot Manipulators" competitions. |
5) Further major activities have included: |
a) Publication of research articles on robotics in journals and international conferences; |
b) Getting funding for Research Projects in the area of robotics; |
c) Managing research projects in the areas of industrial and mobile robotics; |
d) Acting as a member of editorial/advisory board of international journals; |
e) Guest-editing Special Issues in international journals; |
f) Reviewer of scientific publications in journals and international conferences. |
Public benefit |
The Trustees confirm that they have paid due regard to the guidance issued by the Charity Commission on public benefit. |
CLAWAR ASSOCIATION LIMITED (REGISTERED NUMBER: 05730036) |
REPORT OF THE TRUSTEES |
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022 |
FINANCIAL REVIEW |
Our main funding source is income from registrations at the events being held as well as sponsorship from various organisations and the membership fees. These activities are regularly reviewed within the Management Team and the Trustees' meetings. |
CLAWAR expenditure relates to operational costs, organisational costs for the events, and travel and subsistence costs of trustees and volunteers for participating in activities promoted by the charity. There is a formal process for claiming approved outlays via the completion and submission of the CLAWAR Expense Claim Form supported by receipts of the expenditure. The process has been reviewed and expenses claim form has been formally accepted by the Trustees. Currently CLAWAR does not incur any staff costs and all work is on a voluntary basis. |
CLAWAR's activities are still evolving and have not yet reached their full potential. Resources are limited and the service which CLAWAR can provide is limited due to the dependency on volunteers; it is not possible to employ staff to provide a more professional service but it is hoped that this requires detailed planning and contingencies made to ensure insecurities over funding can be managed. As the charity is run on an annual calendar with the annual CLAWAR conference forming the main event (and income stream), it is important to be able to plan for 2-3 years of poor income, and reserves in excess of £100k are estimated to be needed to plan the future growth yet be able to handle poor attendance as different strategies are tested. This figure may evolve as we have not yet reached a steady state in this rapidly growing area. |
This report has been prepared in accordance with the special provisions of Part 15 of the Companies Act 2006 relating to small companies. |
STRUCTURE, GOVERNANCE AND MANAGEMENT |
Governing document |
CLAWAR Association Limited is a charitable company limited by guarantee, incorporated on 6 March 2006 and registered as a charity on 2 April 2012. The company was established under a Memorandum of Association which established the objects and powers of the charitable company and is governed under its Articles of Association. In the event of the company being wound up members are required to contribute an amount not exceeding £10. |
Recruitment and appointment of new trustees |
The directors of the company are also charity trustees for the purposes of charity law and under the company's Articles are known as members of the Board of Trustees. The members of the Board of Trustees are elected to serve for approximately three years and will retire in an agreed rotation. |
The recruitment and appointment of trustees are covered in the Articles of Association. |
Organisational structure |
The trustees, Company Secretary and the Management Team have been continuing to develop procedures to enhance the functioning of the company whilst complying with the guidelines provided by the UK Charity Commission, for operating the company. |
The trustees are responsible for the overall activities of CLAWAR Association Limited and have delegated the day to day running of the charity to the Chair of the Board of Trustees who operates CLAWAR via the Management Team. |
All members of the Board of Trustees give their time voluntarily and receive no benefits from the charity. Any expenses reclaimed from the charity during the year are set out in the notes to the financial statements. |
Risk management |
The trustees have a duty to identify and review the risks to which the charity is exposed and to ensure appropriate controls are in place to provide reasonable assurance against fraud and error. |
CLAWAR ASSOCIATION LIMITED (REGISTERED NUMBER: 05730036) |
REPORT OF THE TRUSTEES |
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022 |
REFERENCE AND ADMINISTRATIVE DETAILS |
Registered Company number |
Registered Charity number |
Registered office |
Trustees |
Board of Trustees (and Directors) |
Dr M O Tokhi | Chair |
Professor G S Virk | Deputy Chair |
Dr M Armada |
Professor B Bridge |
Professor S Moon |
Professor G Muscato |
Dr D C Chryostomou |
M Silva |
Management team |
Professor G S Virk |
Dr M O Tokhi |
Mr B Tranter |
Dr Y Gatsoulis |
Dr K Goher |
Independent Examiner |
Elizabeth Horton ACA FCCA |
Seymour Taylor Limited |
57 London Road |
High Wycombe |
Buckinghamshire |
HP11 1BS |
Bankers |
Barclays Bank Plc |
1 Churchill Place |
London |
E14 5HP |
Approved by order of the board of trustees on |
INDEPENDENT EXAMINER'S REPORT TO THE TRUSTEES OF |
CLAWAR ASSOCIATION LIMITED |
Independent examiner's report to the trustees of Clawar Association Limited ('the Company') |
I report to the charity trustees on my examination of the accounts of the Company for the year ended 31 December 2022. |
Responsibilities and basis of report |
As the charity's trustees of the Company (and also its directors for the purposes of company law) you are responsible for the preparation of the accounts in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006 ('the 2006 Act'). |
Having satisfied myself that the accounts of the Company are not required to be audited under Part 16 of the 2006 Act and are eligible for independent examination, I report in respect of my examination of your charity's accounts as carried out under Section 145 of the Charities Act 2011 ('the 2011 Act'). In carrying out my examination I have followed the Directions given by the Charity Commission under Section 145(5) (b) of the 2011 Act. |
Independent examiner's statement |
I have completed my examination. I confirm that no matters have come to my attention in connection with the examination giving me cause to believe: |
1. | accounting records were not kept in respect of the Company as required by Section 386 of the 2006 Act; or |
2. | the accounts do not accord with those records; or |
3. | the accounts do not comply with the accounting requirements of Section 396 of the 2006 Act other than any requirement that the accounts give a true and fair view which is not a matter considered as part of an independent examination; or |
4. | the accounts have not been prepared in accordance with the methods and principles of the Statement of Recommended Practice for accounting and reporting by charities (applicable to charities preparing their accounts in accordance with the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102)). |
I have no concerns and have come across no other matters in connection with the examination to which attention should be drawn in this report in order to enable a proper understanding of the accounts to be reached. |
Elizabeth Horton ACA FCCA |
Seymour Taylor Limited |
57 London Road |
High Wycombe |
Buckinghamshire |
HP11 1BS |
30 September 2023 |
CLAWAR ASSOCIATION LIMITED |
STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL ACTIVITIES |
(INCORPORATING AN INCOME AND EXPENDITURE ACCOUNT) |
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022 |
31.12.22 | 31.12.21 |
Unrestricted | Total |
fund | funds |
Notes | £ | £ |
INCOME AND ENDOWMENTS FROM |
Donations and legacies |
Charitable activities |
Total |
EXPENDITURE ON |
Raising funds |
Charitable activities |
Total |
NET INCOME/(EXPENDITURE) | ( |
) |
RECONCILIATION OF FUNDS |
Total funds brought forward |
TOTAL FUNDS CARRIED FORWARD | 20,640 |
CONTINUING OPERATIONS |
All income and expenditure has arisen from continuing activities. |
CLAWAR ASSOCIATION LIMITED (REGISTERED NUMBER: 05730036) |
STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION |
31 DECEMBER 2022 |
31.12.22 | 31.12.21 |
Unrestricted | Total |
fund | funds |
Notes | £ | £ |
CURRENT ASSETS |
Cash at bank |
CREDITORS |
Amounts falling due within one year | 6 | ( |
) | ( |
) |
NET CURRENT ASSETS |
TOTAL ASSETS LESS CURRENT LIABILITIES |
NET ASSETS |
FUNDS | 7 |
Unrestricted funds | 20,640 |
TOTAL FUNDS | 20,640 |
The charitable company is entitled to exemption from audit under Section 477 of the Companies Act 2006 for the year ended 31 December 2022. |
The members have not required the company to obtain an audit of its financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2022 in accordance with Section 476 of the Companies Act 2006. |
The trustees acknowledge their responsibilities for |
(a) | ensuring that the charitable company keeps accounting records that comply with Sections 386 and 387 of the Companies Act 2006 and |
(b) | preparing financial statements which give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the charitable company as at the end of each financial year and of its surplus or deficit for each financial year in accordance with the requirements of Sections 394 and 395 and which otherwise comply with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006 relating to financial statements, so far as applicable to the charitable company. |
These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the provisions applicable to charitable companies subject to the small companies regime. |
The financial statements were approved by the Board of Trustees and authorised for issue on |
CLAWAR ASSOCIATION LIMITED |
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022 |
1. | GENERAL INFORMATION |
Clawar Association Limited is a charity limited by guarantee and incorporated in England and Wales. The charity's registered office is 57 London Road, High Wycombe, Bucks, HP11 1BS. The principal place of business is Flat 50, Bruanston House, Hatton Road, Wembley, Middlesex, HA0 1RP. The registered number is 05730036 and the charity commission number is 1146747. |
Clawar Association Limited principal activity is the advancement of education and science. |
The presentation currency of these financial statements is Sterling (£), being the currency of the primary economic market in which the entity operates (its functional currency). All amounts in these financial statements have been rounded to the nearest pound unless stated otherwise. |
The significant accounting policies applied in the preparation of these financial statements are set out below. These policies have been consistently applied to all years presented unless otherwise stated. |
2. | ACCOUNTING POLICIES |
Basis of preparing the financial statements |
The financial statements of the charitable company, which is a public benefit entity under FRS 102, have been prepared in accordance with the Charities SORP (FRS 102) 'Accounting and Reporting by Charities: Statement of Recommended Practice applicable to charities preparing their accounts in accordance with the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102) (effective 1 January 2015)', Financial Reporting Standard 102 'The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102)(effective September 2015) and the Companies Act 2006. The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention. |
Critical accounting judgements and key sources of estimation uncertainty |
The preparation of the financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of revenue, expenses, assets and liabilities, and the disclosure of contingent liabilities at the date of the financial statements. If in the future such estimates and assumptions, which are based on the management's best judgment at the date of the financial statements, deviate from the actual circumstances, the original estimates and assumptions will be modified as appropriate in the year in which the circumstances change. |
Income |
All income is recognised in the Statement of Financial Activities once the charity has entitlement to the funds, it is probable that the income will be received and the amount can be measured reliably. |
The following policies are applied to particular categories of income: |
Voluntary income is received by way of sponsorship for events and is included in full in the Statement of Financial Activities when receivable. |
Conference and registration fees for events are included in the year in which the events are held. Should fees be received in advance of the event, this income will be deferred until the event is held, likewise if an event has been held and there are unpaid fees, this income will be accrued as long as the amount can be quantified with reasonable accuracy. |
Incoming resources from charitable activities, such as membership fees, are accounted for when earned. |
CLAWAR ASSOCIATION LIMITED |
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued |
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022 |
2. | ACCOUNTING POLICIES - continued |
Expenditure |
Liabilities are recognised as expenditure as soon as there is a legal or constructive obligation committing the charity to that expenditure, it is probable that a transfer of economic benefits will be required in settlement and the amount of the obligation can be measured reliably. Expenditure is accounted for on an accruals basis and has been classified under headings that aggregate all cost related to the category. Where costs cannot be directly attributed to particular headings they have been allocated to activities on a basis consistent with the use of resources. |
Tangible fixed assets |
Depreciation is provided at the following annual rates in order to write off each asset over its estimated useful life. |
Computer equipment | - |
Fixed assets are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. The costs of minor additions are those costing below £500 and are not capitalised. Depreciation is provided at rates calculated to write off the costs of each asset over its expected useful life, which in all cases is estimated at 5 years. Impairment reviews are carried out as and when evidence comes to light that the recoverable amount of a functional fixed asset is below its net book value due to damage, obsolescence or other relevant factors. |
Taxation |
The charity is exempt from corporation tax on its charitable activities. |
Fund accounting |
Unrestricted funds can be used in accordance with the charitable objectives at the discretion of the trustees. |
Restricted funds can only be used for particular restricted purposes within the objects of the charity. Restrictions arise when specified by the donor or when funds are raised for particular restricted purposes. |
Foreign currencies |
Assets and liabilities in foreign currencies are translated into sterling at the rates of exchange ruling at the statement of financial position date. Transactions in foreign currencies are translated into sterling at the rate of exchange ruling at the date of transaction. Exchange differences are taken into account in arriving at the operating result. |
Financial instruments |
The charity has applied the provisions of Section 11 "Basic Financial Instruments" and Section 12 "Other Financial Instrument Issues" of FRS 102 (effective September 2015) to its financial statements. |
Financial instruments are classified and accounted for, according to the substance of the contractual arrangement, as either financial assets, financial liabilities or equity instruments. An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of the company after deducting all of its liabilities. |
CLAWAR ASSOCIATION LIMITED |
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued |
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022 |
3. | NET INCOME/(EXPENDITURE) |
Net income/(expenditure) is stated after charging/(crediting): |
31.12.22 | 31.12.21 |
£ | £ |
Independent examination | 2,520 | 2,280 |
4. | TRUSTEES' REMUNERATION AND BENEFITS |
There were no trustees' remuneration or other benefits for the year ended 31 December 2022 nor for the year ended 31 December 2021. |
Trustees' expenses |
Travel and subsistence costs of £1,290 (2021 - £nil), Bank charges £nil (2021 - £15), office expense £579 (2021 - £149) and event items £653 (2021 - £nil) were reimbursed to 2 (2021 - 1) of the trustees. |
5. | TANGIBLE FIXED ASSETS |
Computer |
equipment |
£ |
COST |
At 1 January 2022 and 31 December 2022 |
DEPRECIATION |
At 1 January 2022 and 31 December 2022 |
NET BOOK VALUE |
At 31 December 2022 |
At 31 December 2021 |
CLAWAR ASSOCIATION LIMITED |
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued |
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022 |
6. | CREDITORS: AMOUNTS FALLING DUE WITHIN ONE YEAR |
31.12.22 | 31.12.21 |
£ | £ |
Accruals and deferred income |
7. | MOVEMENT IN FUNDS |
Net |
movement | At |
At 1.1.22 | in funds | 31.12.22 |
£ | £ | £ |
Unrestricted funds |
General fund | 20,640 | (380 | ) | 20,260 |
TOTAL FUNDS | (380 | ) | 20,260 |
Net movement in funds, included in the above are as follows: |
Incoming | Resources | Movement |
resources | expended | in funds |
£ | £ | £ |
Unrestricted funds |
General fund | 22,283 | (22,663 | ) | (380 | ) |
TOTAL FUNDS | ( |
) | (380 | ) |
Comparatives for movement in funds |
Net |
movement | At |
At 1.1.21 | in funds | 31.12.21 |
£ | £ | £ |
Unrestricted funds |
General fund | 16,137 | 4,503 | 20,640 |
TOTAL FUNDS | 16,137 | 4,503 | 20,640 |
Comparative net movement in funds, included in the above are as follows: |
Incoming | Resources | Movement |
resources | expended | in funds |
£ | £ | £ |
Unrestricted funds |
General fund | 8,016 | (3,513 | ) | 4,503 |
TOTAL FUNDS | 8,016 | (3,513 | ) | 4,503 |
CLAWAR ASSOCIATION LIMITED |
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued |
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2022 |
8. | RELATED PARTY DISCLOSURES |
9. | ULTIMATE CONTROLLING PARTY |
The charity is controlled by the board of trustees collectively. |
10. | COMPANY LIMITED BY GUARANTEE |
The liability of the members in the event of a winding up is limited to £10 per member. |