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REGISTERED NUMBER: 01812016 (England and Wales)


















STRATEGIC REPORT, REPORT OF THE DIRECTORS AND

AUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 SEPTEMBER 2023

FOR

CRYSTAL SERVICES PLC

CRYSTAL SERVICES PLC (REGISTERED NUMBER: 01812016)

CONTENTS OF THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 SEPTEMBER 2023










Page

Company Information 1

Strategic Report 2

Report of the Directors 4

Report of the Independent Auditors 6

Income Statement 9

Balance Sheet 10

Statement of Changes in Equity 11

Cash Flow Statement 12

Notes to the Financial Statements 13


CRYSTAL SERVICES PLC

COMPANY INFORMATION
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 SEPTEMBER 2023







DIRECTORS: T A Jerman
S H Cheung
G Saadie



SECRETARY: S H Cheung



REGISTERED OFFICE: Unit 6
Loughton Business Centre
Langston Road
Loughton
Essex
IG10 3SD



REGISTERED NUMBER: 01812016 (England and Wales)



SENIOR STATUTORY AUDITOR: Andrew Green LLB FCA



AUDITORS: THP Limited
Chartered Accountants
and Statutory Auditors
34-40 High Street
Wanstead
London
E11 2RJ

CRYSTAL SERVICES PLC (REGISTERED NUMBER: 01812016)

STRATEGIC REPORT
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 SEPTEMBER 2023


The directors present their strategic report for the year ended 30 September 2023.

REVIEW OF BUSINESS
The Directors are pleased to report a continuation in the strong post -Covid recovery, with turnover, gross profit
margins and operating profits all showing significant increase on the previous year.

We have maintained financial strength and stability, by managing costs and working hard to service our clients in a proactive and flexible way. We have seen many clients come back for our service who have continued to require their full contract services for cleaning. We have seen an increase in turnover this accounting year and going forward we hope we can continue this line of trend.

We have continued to sign new business, targeting those business types that have broadly continued to trade and require services. We feel we have worked hard to adapt our marketing approach and believe this will stand us in good stead in the future.

30 September 2023 30 September 2022
£ £
Turnover 10,423,668 10,014,933
Gross profit 2,822,988 2,565,500
Gross profit % 27.08% 25.62%
Operating profit 670,891 365,733

The net assets of the company were £1,185,410 (2022: £1,046,870) at the balance sheet date, reflecting the solid position of the company from a solvency and liquidity point of view.

PRINCIPAL RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES
The Board continuously monitors the key risks and uncertainties that may impact the business and the ability to deliver the corporate strategy and these are identified below:

Economic downturn
In response to this continuous risk, senior management aim to keep abreast of economic conditions. In cases of severe economic downturn, marketing and pricing strategies will be modified to reflect the new market conditions.

Brexit
The main area where Brexit has impacted our business is the access and cost of labour. With these risks and uncertainties in mind, we are aware that any plans for the future development of the business may be subject to unforeseen future events outside of our control; hence, we are constantly assessing our plans in line with the current environment.

Wage cost inflation
The Company is continually affected by wage cost inflation and pressures within the labour market. The Company monitors the market to ensure complete compliance with labour market regulations, and maintains employment policies, remuneration and benefits packages that are designed to be competitive with other companies.

Competition
The market in which the Company operates is highly competitive. Policies of constantly assessing our pricing strategy and ongoing market research are in place to mitigate such risks.

Liquidity risk
As the result of positive cash flows from operating activities and the current asset position, the Directors do not consider liquidity or cashflow risk to be an issue, however these areas are closely monitored to ensure the Company's procedures continue to operate effectively to minimise risks.


CRYSTAL SERVICES PLC (REGISTERED NUMBER: 01812016)

STRATEGIC REPORT
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 SEPTEMBER 2023

SECTION 172(1) STATEMENT
The Directors of the Company, and those of all UK companies, must act in accordance with a set of general duties. These duties are set out in Section 172 of the Companies Act 2006 which are summarised as follows:

"A director of a company must act in the way they consider, in good faith, would be most likely to promote the success of the company for the benefit of its shareholders as a whole, and in doing so have regard (amongst other matters) to:

a. the likely consequences of any decisions in the long term;
b. the interests of the company's employees;
c. the need to foster the company's business relationships with suppliers, customers and others;
d. the impact of the company's operations on the community and the environment;
e. the desirability of the company maintaining a reputation for high standards of business conduct; and
f. the need to act fairly as between the shareholders of the company."

The following paragraphs summarise how the Directors' fulfil their duties:

Risk Management
As we develop as a business so does the risk environment in which we operate becomes more complex. It is therefore vital that we effectively identify, evaluate, manage and mitigate risks that the business may encounter. We are continually evolving our approach to risk management. Details of the risks encountered by the business and the steps taken to mitigate these risks are detailed on page 2.

Our people
Our people are fundamental to the delivery and success of our operations. We aim to be a responsible employer in our approach to pay and benefits received by our employees. The health, safety and wellbeing of our people are also a major concern for the business and we try to ensure we manage and monitor these as closely as possible. For our business to succeed we need to manage our people's performance, develop and bring through talent while ensuring we operate as efficiently and as effectively as possible. For further details on our people see page 4.

Business Relationships
In order to grow and develop our business we need to grow and develop our business relationships with our suppliers and strategic partners. This includes working with these partners to enhance the development of their products and services to our mutual benefit and having regular and open dialogue.

Community and Environment
It is important to the business that we interact responsibly with the communities in which we operate and the wider environment. We try to ensure we are as involved as much as possible in the local activities and work closely with local bodies to ensure that the community is best served. We try where possible to minimise our impact on the environment.

High Standards of Business Conduct
It is important to the business that we apply high standards of conduct in all areas in which we operate. This principle is closely monitored by the board and wider management team making sure the business behaves in a responsible manner in all activities it undertakes.

Shareholders
As a business we recognise the importance of continual and effective dialogue with our shareholders through open engagement. It is important for the business that shareholders understand our objectives so that they are clearly understood, feedback given and any questions or issues properly considered and dealt with.

ON BEHALF OF THE BOARD:





S H Cheung - Director


23 February 2024

CRYSTAL SERVICES PLC (REGISTERED NUMBER: 01812016)

REPORT OF THE DIRECTORS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 SEPTEMBER 2023


The directors present their report with the financial statements of the company for the year ended 30 September 2023.

PRINCIPAL ACTIVITY
The principal activity of the company in the year under review was that of general cleaning contractors.

DIVIDENDS
Interim dividends of £400,000 (2022: £250,000) were paid during the year. The Directors do not recommend payment of a final dividend.

FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS
The Directors are confident that continued focus on the core cleaning services business and key management policies will strengthen the financial performance and position of the Company during the ensuing years.

DIRECTORS
The directors who held office during the year and up to the date of signature of the financial statements were as follows:


T A Jerman
S.H.L Cheung
G. Saadie

ENGAGEMENT WITH EMPLOYEES
Disabled persons
Applications for employment by disabled persons are always fully considered, bearing in mind the aptitudes of the applicant concerned. In the event of members of staff becoming disabled, every effort is made to ensure that their employment within the company continues and that the appropriate training is arranged. It is the policy of the company that the training, career development and promotion of disabled persons should, as far as possible, be identical to that of other employees.

Employee involvement
The company's policy is to consult and discuss with employees, matters likely to affect employees' interests. Information on matters of concern to employees is given through 'information bulletins' and reports which seek to achieve a common awareness on the part of all employees of the financial and economic factors affecting the company's performance.

DISCLOSURE IN THE STRATEGIC REPORT
The Company has chosen to make disclosures in relation to financial risk management and other matters considered to be of strategic importance which would otherwise be in the Directors report within the Strategic Report.

STATEMENT OF DIRECTORS' RESPONSIBILITIES
The directors are responsible for preparing the Strategic Report, the Report of the Directors and the financial statements in accordance with applicable law and regulations.

Company law requires the directors to prepare financial statements for each financial year. Under that law the directors have elected to prepare the financial statements in accordance with United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice (United Kingdom Accounting Standards and applicable law). Under company law the directors must not approve the financial statements unless they are satisfied that they give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the company and of the profit or loss of the company for that period. In preparing these financial statements, the directors are required to:

-select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently;
-make judgements and accounting estimates that are reasonable and prudent;
-prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that the company will continue in business.

The directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that are sufficient to show and explain the company's transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the company and enable them to ensure that the financial statements comply with the Companies Act 2006. They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the company and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities.

STATEMENT AS TO DISCLOSURE OF INFORMATION TO AUDITORS
So far as the directors are aware, there is no relevant audit information (as defined by Section 418 of the Companies Act 2006) of which the company's auditors are unaware, and each director has taken all the steps that he ought to have taken as a director in order to make himself aware of any relevant audit information and to establish that the company's auditors are aware of that information.

CRYSTAL SERVICES PLC (REGISTERED NUMBER: 01812016)

REPORT OF THE DIRECTORS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 SEPTEMBER 2023


AUDITORS
The auditors, THP Limited, will be proposed for re-appointment at the forthcoming Annual General Meeting.

ON BEHALF OF THE BOARD:





S H Cheung - Director


23 February 2024

REPORT OF THE INDEPENDENT AUDITORS TO THE MEMBERS OF
CRYSTAL SERVICES PLC


Opinion
We have audited the financial statements of Crystal Services Plc (the 'company') for the year ended 30 September 2023 which comprise the Income Statement, Balance Sheet, Statement of Changes in Equity, Cash Flow Statement and Notes to the Financial Statements, including a summary of significant accounting policies. The financial reporting framework that has been applied in their preparation is applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards, including Financial Reporting Standard 102 'The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland' (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice).

In our opinion the financial statements:
-give a true and fair view of the state of the company's affairs as at 30 September 2023 and of its profit for the year then ended;
-have been properly prepared in accordance with United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice; and
-have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006.

Basis for opinion
We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and applicable law. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditors' responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements section of our report. We are independent of the company in accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in the UK, including the FRC's Ethical Standard, and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.

Conclusions relating to going concern
In auditing the financial statements, we have concluded that the directors' use of the going concern basis of accounting in the preparation of the financial statements is appropriate.

Based on the work we have performed, we have not identified any material uncertainties relating to events or conditions that, individually or collectively, may cast significant doubt on the company's ability to continue as a going concern for a period of at least twelve months from when the financial statements are authorised for issue.

Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of the directors with respect to going concern are described in the relevant sections of this report.

Other information
The directors are responsible for the other information. The other information comprises the information in the Strategic Report and the Report of the Directors, but does not include the financial statements and our Report of the Auditors thereon.

Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and, except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in our report, we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon.

In connection with our audit of the financial statements, our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the audit or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If we identify such material inconsistencies or apparent material misstatements, we are required to determine whether this gives rise to a material misstatement in the financial statements themselves. If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact. We have nothing to report in this regard.

Opinions on other matters prescribed by the Companies Act 2006
In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of the audit:
- the information given in the Strategic Report and the Report of the Directors for the financial year for which the financial statements are prepared is consistent with the financial statements; and
- the Strategic Report and the Report of the Directors have been prepared in accordance with applicable legal requirements.

Matters on which we are required to report by exception
In the light of the knowledge and understanding of the company and its environment obtained in the course of the audit, we have not identified material misstatements in the Strategic Report or the Report of the Directors.

We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters where the Companies Act 2006 requires us to report to you if, in our opinion:
- adequate accounting records have not been kept, or returns adequate for our audit have not been received from branches not visited by us; or
- the financial statements are not in agreement with the accounting records and returns; or
- certain disclosures of directors' remuneration specified by law are not made; or
- we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit.

REPORT OF THE INDEPENDENT AUDITORS TO THE MEMBERS OF
CRYSTAL SERVICES PLC


Responsibilities of directors
As explained more fully in the Statement of Directors' Responsibilities set out on page four, the directors are responsible for the preparation of the financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair view, and for such internal control as the directors determine necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.

In preparing the financial statements, the directors are responsible for assessing the company's ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the directors either intend to liquidate the company or to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so.

Auditors' responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue a Report of the Auditors that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements.

The extent to which the audit was considered capable of detecting irregularities including fraud
Our approach to identifying and assessing the risks of material misstatement in respect of irregularities, including fraud and non-compliance with laws and regulations, was as follows:

- the engagement partner ensured that the engagement team collectively had the appropriate competence, capabilities and skills to identify or recognise non-compliance with applicable laws and regulations;
- we identified the laws and regulations applicable to the company through discussions with directors and other management, and from our commercial knowledge and experience of the sector in which the company operates;
- we focused on specific laws and regulations which we considered may have a direct material effect on the financial statements or the operations of the company, including the Companies Act 2006, taxation legislation and data protection, anti-bribery, employment, immigration, environmental and health and safety legislation;
- we assessed the extent of compliance with the laws and regulations identified above through making enquiries of management and inspecting legal correspondence; and
- identified laws and regulations were communicated within the audit team regularly and the team remained alert to instances of non-compliance throughout the audit.

We assessed the susceptibility of the company's financial statements to material misstatement, including obtaining an understanding of how fraud might occur, by:
- making enquiries of management as to where they considered there was susceptibility to fraud, their knowledge of actual, suspected and alleged fraud; and
- considering the internal controls in place to mitigate risks of fraud and non-compliance with laws and regulations.

In response to the risk of irregularities and non-compliance with laws and regulations, we designed procedures which included, but were not limited to:
- agreeing financial statement disclosures to underlying supporting documentation;
- enquiring of management as to actual and potential litigation and claims; and
- reviewing correspondence with HMRC and any other relevant regulators as required.

There are inherent limitations in our audit procedures described above. The more removed that laws and regulations are from financial transactions, the less likely it is that we would become aware of non-compliance. Auditing standards also limit the audit procedures required to identify non-compliance with laws and regulations to enquiry of the directors and other management and the inspection of regulatory and legal correspondence, if any.

Material misstatements that arise due to fraud can be harder to detect than those that arise from error as they may involve deliberate concealment or collusion.

A further description of our responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements is located on the Financial Reporting Council's website at www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities. This description forms part of our Report of the Auditors.

REPORT OF THE INDEPENDENT AUDITORS TO THE MEMBERS OF
CRYSTAL SERVICES PLC


Use of our report
This report is made solely to the company's members, as a body, in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of the Companies Act 2006. Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the company's members those matters we are required to state to them in a Report of the Auditors and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other than the company and the company's members as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we have formed.




Andrew Green LLB FCA (Senior Statutory Auditor)
for and on behalf of THP Limited
Chartered Accountants
and Statutory Auditors
34-40 High Street
Wanstead
London
E11 2RJ

23 February 2024

CRYSTAL SERVICES PLC (REGISTERED NUMBER: 01812016)

INCOME STATEMENT
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 SEPTEMBER 2023

2023 2022
Notes £    £   

TURNOVER 4 10,423,668 10,014,933

Cost of sales 7,600,680 7,449,433
GROSS PROFIT 2,822,988 2,565,500

Administrative expenses 2,152,097 2,199,767
OPERATING PROFIT 6 670,891 365,733

Interest receivable and similar income 21,370 1,119
PROFIT BEFORE TAXATION 692,261 366,852

Tax on profit 7 153,721 70,421
PROFIT FOR THE FINANCIAL YEAR 538,540 296,431

CRYSTAL SERVICES PLC (REGISTERED NUMBER: 01812016)

BALANCE SHEET
30 SEPTEMBER 2023

2023 2022
Notes £    £   
CURRENT ASSETS
Debtors 9 1,513,260 1,591,795
Cash at bank 1,252,149 1,429,989
2,765,409 3,021,784
CREDITORS
Amounts falling due within one year 10 1,579,999 1,974,914
NET CURRENT ASSETS 1,185,410 1,046,870
TOTAL ASSETS LESS CURRENT
LIABILITIES

1,185,410

1,046,870

CAPITAL AND RESERVES
Called up share capital 12 55,555 55,555
Retained earnings 13 1,129,855 991,315
SHAREHOLDERS' FUNDS 1,185,410 1,046,870

The financial statements were approved by the Board of Directors and authorised for issue on 23 February 2024 and were signed on its behalf by:





T A Jerman - Director


CRYSTAL SERVICES PLC (REGISTERED NUMBER: 01812016)

STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 SEPTEMBER 2023

Called up
share Retained Total
capital earnings equity
£    £    £   
Balance at 1 October 2021 55,555 944,884 1,000,439

Changes in equity
Dividends - (250,000 ) (250,000 )
Total comprehensive income - 296,431 296,431
Balance at 30 September 2022 55,555 991,315 1,046,870

Changes in equity
Dividends - (400,000 ) (400,000 )
Total comprehensive income - 538,540 538,540
Balance at 30 September 2023 55,555 1,129,855 1,185,410

CRYSTAL SERVICES PLC (REGISTERED NUMBER: 01812016)

CASH FLOW STATEMENT
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 SEPTEMBER 2023

2023 2022
Notes £    £   
Cash flows from operating activities
Cash generated from operations 16 271,210 (369,230 )
Tax paid (70,420 ) (48,284 )
Net cash from operating activities 200,790 (417,514 )

Cash flows from investing activities
Interest received 21,370 1,119
Net cash from investing activities 21,370 1,119

Cash flows from financing activities
Equity dividends paid (400,000 ) (250,000 )
Net cash from financing activities (400,000 ) (250,000 )

Decrease in cash and cash equivalents (177,840 ) (666,395 )
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning
of year

17

1,429,989

2,096,384

Cash and cash equivalents at end of
year

17

1,252,149

1,429,989

CRYSTAL SERVICES PLC (REGISTERED NUMBER: 01812016)

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 SEPTEMBER 2023


1. STATUTORY INFORMATION

Crystal Services Plc is a private company , registered in England and Wales. The company's registered number and registered office address can be found on the Company Information page.

The presentation currency of the financial statements is the Pound Sterling (£).


2. STATEMENT OF COMPLIANCE

These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with Financial Reporting Standard 102 "The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland" and the Companies Act 2006.

3. ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of preparing the financial statements
The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention.

Significant judgements and estimates
Estimates and judgements are continually evaluated and are based on historical experience and other factors, including expectations of future events that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances.

a) Critical judgements in applying the entity's accounting policies
There are no specific judgements, apart from those involving estimates as detailed below, that management
has made in the process of applying the entity's accounting policies that have a significant effect on the
amounts recognised in the financial statements.

b) Critical accounting estimates and assumptions
The Company makes estimates and assumptions concerning the future. The resulting accounting estimates can differ from the related actual results. There are no estimates and assumptions that have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of the assets and liabilities within the next financial year.

Revenue recognition
Turnover is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable, excluding discounts, rebates, value added tax and other sales taxes.

Revenue from contracts for the provision of cleaning services is recognised in the period in which the services are rendered. Revenue invoiced in advance is recognised by reference to the stage of completion of the relevant contract when costs incurred and costs to complete can be estimated reliably. The stage is calculated by comparing costs incurred, mainly in relation to contractual hourly staff rates and materials, as a proportion of total costs.

Financial instruments
The Company has chosen to adopt Sections 11 and 12 of FRS102 in respect of financial instruments. Basic
financial instruments are initially recognised at transaction value and subsequently carried at this value less any provision for impairment.

Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents in the balance sheet represents cash in hand and deposits with financial institutions without penalty on notice of not more than 24 hours. Cash equivalents are highly liquid investments that mature in no more than three months from the date of acquisition and that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash with insignificant risk of change in value.

In the statement of cash flows, cash and cash equivalents are shown net of bank overdrafts that are repayable on demand and form an integral part of the Company's cash management.

Short-term debtors and creditors
Debtors and creditors with no stated interest rate and receivable or payable within one year are recorded at
transaction price. Any losses arising from impairment are recognised in profit or loss under operating expenses.

The carrying value of all short-term financial assets and liabilities are measured at amortised cost.


CRYSTAL SERVICES PLC (REGISTERED NUMBER: 01812016)

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 SEPTEMBER 2023


3. ACCOUNTING POLICIES - continued
Taxation
Taxation for the year comprises current and deferred tax. Tax is recognised in the Income Statement, except to the extent that it relates to items recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity.

Current or deferred taxation assets and liabilities are not discounted.

Current tax is recognised at the amount of tax payable using the tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date.

Deferred tax
Deferred tax is recognised in respect of all timing differences that have originated but not reversed at the balance sheet date.

Timing differences arise from the inclusion of income and expenses in tax assessments in periods different from those in which they are recognised in financial statements. Deferred tax is measured using tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the year end and that are expected to apply to the reversal of the timing difference.

Unrelieved tax losses and other deferred tax assets are recognised only to the extent that it is probable that they will be recovered against the reversal of deferred tax liabilities or other future taxable profits.

Hire purchase and leasing commitments
Rentals paid under operating leases are charged to profit or loss on a straight line basis over the period of the lease.

Pension costs and other post-retirement benefits
The company operates a defined contribution pension scheme. Contributions payable to the company's pension scheme are charged to profit or loss in the period to which they relate.

4. TURNOVER

The turnover and profit before taxation are attributable to the one principal activity of the company.

An analysis of turnover by class of business is given below:

2023 2022
£    £   
Cleaning 10,423,668 9,005,512
Environmental - 1,009,421
10,423,668 10,014,933

The environmental division activities were discontinued in the prior year. Full disclosure of the result for the comparative year between continuing and discontinued activities were not possible as a split of cost of sales and administrative costs would have been on an estimated basis due to the significant sharing of central costs.

5. EMPLOYEES AND DIRECTORS
2023 2022
£    £   
Wages and salaries 7,649,813 7,110,520
Social security costs 367,424 365,389
Other pension costs 147,683 127,134
8,164,920 7,603,043

The average number of employees during the year was as follows:
2023 2022

Office and management 25 41
Direct labour 631 613
656 654

CRYSTAL SERVICES PLC (REGISTERED NUMBER: 01812016)

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 SEPTEMBER 2023


5. EMPLOYEES AND DIRECTORS - continued

2023 2022
£    £   
Directors' remuneration 177,139 210,106
Directors' pension contributions to money purchase schemes 29,776 -

The number of directors to whom retirement benefits were accruing was as follows:

Money purchase schemes 1 1

The Directors are the key management for the purposes of disclosure under FRS102.

6. OPERATING PROFIT

The operating profit is stated after charging/(crediting):

2023 2022
£    £   
Other operating leases 111,628 142,785
Profit on disposal of fixed assets - (48,112 )
Auditors' remuneration 8,100 7,375
Auditors' remuneration for non audit work 2,625 3,100

7. TAXATION

Analysis of the tax charge
The tax charge on the profit for the year was as follows:
2023 2022
£    £   
Current tax:
UK corporation tax 153,721 70,421
Tax on profit 153,721 70,421

UK corporation tax has been charged at 22% (2022 - 19%).

Reconciliation of total tax charge included in profit and loss
The tax assessed for the year is higher than the standard rate of corporation tax in the UK. The difference is explained below:

2023 2022
£    £   
Profit before tax 692,261 366,852
Profit multiplied by the standard rate of corporation tax in the UK of 22%
(2022 - 19%)

152,297

69,702

Effects of:
Expenses not deductible for tax purposes 1,424 719
Total tax charge 153,721 70,421

8. DIVIDENDS
2023 2022
£    £   
Ordinary shares of £1 each
Interim 400,000 250,000

CRYSTAL SERVICES PLC (REGISTERED NUMBER: 01812016)

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 SEPTEMBER 2023


9. DEBTORS: AMOUNTS FALLING DUE WITHIN ONE YEAR
2023 2022
£    £   
Trade debtors 1,449,404 1,379,079
Amounts owed by related companies 53,198 202,058
Prepayments 10,658 10,658
1,513,260 1,591,795

10. CREDITORS: AMOUNTS FALLING DUE WITHIN ONE YEAR
2023 2022
£    £   
Trade creditors 256,189 276,188
Amounts owed to related companies 83,183 221,678
Corporation tax 153,742 70,441
Social security and other taxes 119,366 114,878
VAT 433,444 389,152
Other creditors 306,924 258,658
Accrued expenses 227,151 643,919
1,579,999 1,974,914

11. LEASING AGREEMENTS

Minimum lease payments under non-cancellable operating leases fall due as follows:
2023 2022
£    £   
Within one year 92,068 72,121
Between one and five years 109,719 33,278
201,787 105,399

12. CALLED UP SHARE CAPITAL

Allotted, issued and fully paid:
Number: Class: Nominal 2023 2022
value: £    £   
55,555 Ordinary £1 55,555 55,555

13. RESERVES
Retained
earnings
£   

At 1 October 2022 991,315
Profit for the year 538,540
Dividends (400,000 )
At 30 September 2023 1,129,855

14. RELATED PARTY DISCLOSURES

During the year, total dividends of £400,000 (2022 - £250,000) were paid to the directors .

During the year the company was charged rent and management fees of £402,000 (2022: £824,000) by Crystal Properties & Investments Limited, a Company in which a director has a controlling interest. At the balance sheet date there was a net balance due to this Company of £83,183 (2022: £202,058 due from).

During the year the company charged management and overhead fees of £245,112 (2022: £83,200) to Crystalkil Limited, a Company in which a director has a controlling interest. At the balance sheet date there was a net balance due from this Company of £53,198 (2022: £685,678 due to).

During the year the Company made pension contributions of £24,000 (2022: £24,000) to the spouse of a Director.

CRYSTAL SERVICES PLC (REGISTERED NUMBER: 01812016)

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30 SEPTEMBER 2023


15. ULTIMATE CONTROLLING PARTY

The controlling party is T A Jerman.

16. RECONCILIATION OF PROFIT BEFORE TAXATION TO CASH GENERATED FROM OPERATIONS
2023 2022
£    £   
Profit before taxation 692,261 366,852
Profit on disposal of fixed assets - (48,112 )
Finance income (21,370 ) (1,119 )
670,891 317,621
(Increase)/decrease in trade and other debtors (70,325 ) 732,247
Decrease in trade and other creditors (329,356 ) (1,419,098 )
Cash generated from operations 271,210 (369,230 )

17. CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

The amounts disclosed on the Cash Flow Statement in respect of cash and cash equivalents are in respect of these Balance Sheet amounts:

Year ended 30 September 2023
30.9.23 1.10.22
£    £   
Cash and cash equivalents 1,252,149 1,429,989
Year ended 30 September 2022
30.9.22 1.10.21
£    £   
Cash and cash equivalents 1,429,989 2,096,384


18. ANALYSIS OF CHANGES IN NET FUNDS

At 1.10.22 Cash flow At 30.9.23
£    £    £   
Net cash
Cash at bank 1,429,989 (177,840 ) 1,252,149
1,429,989 (177,840 ) 1,252,149
Total 1,429,989 (177,840 ) 1,252,149