Debtors
Basic financial assets, including trade and other debtors, are initially recognised at transaction price, unless the
arrangement constitutes a financing transaction, where the transaction is measured at the present value of the
future receipts discounted at a market rate of interest. Such assets are subsequently carried at amortised cost
using the effective interest method, less any impairment.
Creditors
Basic financial liabilities, including trade and other creditors, loans from third parties and loans from related
parties, are initially recognised at transaction price, unless the arrangement constitutes a financing transaction,
where the debt instrument is measured at the present value of the future payments discounted at a market rate
of interest. Such instruments are subsequently carried at amortised cost using the effective interest method,
less any impairment.
Cash at bank and in hand
Cash and cash equivalents are represented by cash in hand, deposits held at call with financial institutions, and
other short-term highly liquid investments that mature in no more than three months from the date of
acquisition and that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash with insignificant risk of change in value.
Interest income
Interest income is recognised in profit or loss using the effective interest method.