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Registered number: 08231148









CATSTEPS CAFES LIMITED









ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2024

 
CATSTEPS CAFES LIMITED
 
 
COMPANY INFORMATION


Directors
J Arana-Morton 
A Rooney 
G Whittaker 




Registered number
08231148



Registered office
1 Wardour Mews

London

England

W1F 8AH




Independent auditors
Barnes Roffe LLP
Chartered Accountants
Statutory Auditor

Leytonstone House

Leytonstone

London

E11 1GA





 
CATSTEPS CAFES LIMITED
 

CONTENTS



Page
Strategic report
 
1 - 3
Directors' report
 
4 - 5
Independent auditors' report
 
6 - 9
Statement of comprehensive income
 
10
Balance sheet
 
11
Statement of changes in equity
 
12
Statement of cash flows
 
13 - 14
Analysis of net debt
 
15
Notes to the financial statements
 
16 - 32

 
CATSTEPS CAFES LIMITED
 
 
STRATEGIC REPORT
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2024

Introduction
 
The directors present their Strategic Report for the year ended 31 March 2024.

Principal activity
 
The principal activity of the Company in the year under review was to operate cafés and bars under 'The Breakfast Club' brand.

Business review
 
The Company achieved a significantly improved performance across all major metrics making 2023-24 the most successful financial year in almost a decade. No less noteworthy has been the opening of two new company-owned sites in London’s West End as well as the launch of our long-anticipated partnership with transport hub franchise operator SSP with a commitment to three landmark transport hub sites.
In July 2023 SSP and the Company opened The Breakfast Club Gatwick Airport, unquestionably one of the most significant airport restaurants in the UK in terms of size (256 covers) and profile. In June 2024 the second franchise site opened in St Pancras International opposite the Eurotunnel terminal, with a third site to follow.
The directors believe it is a testament to the strength of the brand that almost twenty years after its first site opened in 2005 a global transport hub operator is winning highly competitive site tenders in the busiest transport hubs in Britain with the Breakfast Club concept.
During the year we also opened two company-owned sites in Central London with Seven Dials (November 2023) and Old Compton Street (January 2024) becoming our third and fourth West End sites.  With 4 openings under 12 months this will have been the most accelerated period of growth in the history of the business and takes total locations trading under the Breakfast Club brand to 16.
Turning to financial performance, restaurant EBITDA improved by 40% to £2.8m (FY23 £2.0m). Group EBITDA rose from a loss of £76k to £884k profit in FY24. Additionally, there was a £1.1m swing in operating profit from a loss in FY23 of £947k to a positive result of £155k in FY24. 
Gross profit and staff costs are in the best position they have been in since the Company’s inception despite the well-documented on-going inflationary cost pressures affecting the hospitality sector. The directors believe that the company’s operating efficiency is now in line with best-in-class comparable operators in the UK. 

Turnover for the year was £17.8m (FY23 £18.0m) The sale of Battersea Rise and streamlining of the delivery platforms from 3 partners to 2 both contributed to this top line reduction. Like-for-like sales at existing sites were positive with double-digit growth in Central London locations. 
The Directors believe the strength and longevity of the brand and significantly improved financial performance bodes well for future expansion. 
The directors do not propose payment of a dividend 
(2023: £Nil).

Page 1

 
CATSTEPS CAFES LIMITED
 

STRATEGIC REPORT (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2024

Financial Key Performance Indicators
 
Management use a number of qualitive and quantitative indicators to monitor and improve the Company’s performance. The company considers turnover and EBITDA to be key financial indicators.
                                                                                                                     2024              2023
                                                                                                                        £                   £
Turnover                                                                                                   17,756,753    18,018,911
EBITDA                                                                                                         883,997         (75,887)
The board of directors assess trading performance using the measure of “Restaurant EBITDA” which is defined as earnings from restaurant operations before deduction of interest, tax, depreciation, and amortisation associated with those restaurants operations and excluding pre-opening costs of new restaurants, closing costs and any exceptional, non-recurring costs.
Restaurant EBITDA for all restaurant operations during the year increased to £2.8m
 (2023: £2.0m).
     
                                                                                                                     
2024               2023
            
                                                                                                            £                    £
Operating profit / (loss)                                                                                 155,480       (947,442)
Depreciation and amortisation                                                                      728,517         871,555
EBITDA                                                                                                         883,997         (75,887)
Central costs                                                                                              1,821,773      2,100,535
Pre-opening costs/closing costs                                                                   142,095                    - 
Restaurant EBITDA                                                                                   2,847,865       2,024,648

Future Developments
 
We continue to look for new site opportunities. We are looking forward to working with and opening new sites with our franchise partners SSP.

Page 2

 
CATSTEPS CAFES LIMITED
 

STRATEGIC REPORT (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2024

Principal Risks and Uncertainties
 
As with any business in the hospitality sector, the Company is vulnerable to certain risks which impact on costs and consumer confidence. The directors and management team regularly review these risks to ensure they are managed effectively.
Inflationary pressures around cost of supplies are managed through regular cost reviews and supplier negotiations. The Company believes there is limited risk due to the ongoing work with all suppliers, both old and new.
Labour cost pressures through National Living Wage (NLW) increases have been successfully mitigated through improved rota management, investment in technology and training.
There is little credit risk as the majority of customers pay by card at the point of sale.
The company has an overdraft, bank debt and loans from related parties. Bank loans are borrowed on the SONIA + margin rate, however the Board consider the interest rate risk to be minimal.

Financial Risk Management Objectives and Policies
The Company funds its operations through the use of shareholder related loans, external bank borrowings, an overdraft facility and cash generated from day-to-day operations. The Company does not use derivative financial instruments.
The main risks arising from the Company's financial instruments are interest rate risk and liquidity risk. The directors review and agree policies for managing each of these risks and they are summarised below. The policies have remained unchanged from the previous year.
Interest risk
The Company's borrowings attract interest rates based on the SONIA rate. Management monitor cash flows carefully to ensure that there is sufficient headroom to allow for any changes in the interest payable on these loans.
Liquidity risk
The Company seeks to manage financial risk by ensuring sufficient liquidity is available to meet foreseeable needs. Primarily this is achieved through close management control of working capital and utilisation of existing debt facilities which includes a formal £200k overdraft facility.


This report was approved by the board on 31 July 2024 and signed on its behalf.



G Whittaker
Director
Page 3

 
CATSTEPS CAFES LIMITED
 
 
 
DIRECTORS' REPORT
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2024

Directors' responsibilities statement

The directors are responsible for preparing the Strategic report, the Directors' report and the financial statements in accordance with applicable law and regulations.
 
Company law requires the directors to prepare financial statements for each financial year. Under that law the directors have elected to prepare the financial statements in accordance with applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice), including Financial Reporting Standard 102 ‘The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland'. Under company law the directors must not approve the financial statements unless they are satisfied that they give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the Company and of the profit or loss of the Company for that period.

 In preparing these financial statements, the directors are required to:


select suitable accounting policies for the Company's financial statements and then apply them consistently;

make judgments and accounting estimates that are reasonable and prudent;

prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that the Company will continue in business.

The directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that are sufficient to show and explain the Company's transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the Company and to enable them to ensure that the financial statements comply with the Companies Act 2006They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the Company and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities.

Directors

The directors who served during the year were:

J Arana-Morton 
A Rooney 
G Whittaker 

Charitable Contributions

The Company continues to support charities and community projects through its workshops and volunteer programs.

Employee Involvement

The Company maintains and develops the involvement of employees through both formal and informal systems of communication and consultation. Managers have a special responsibility to communicate effectively and to promote a better understanding by employees of the activities and performance of the company.

Page 4

 
CATSTEPS CAFES LIMITED
 
 
 
DIRECTORS' REPORT (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2024

Disabled employees

The Breakfast Club is a ‘Disability Confident Employer’, a government scheme to encourage best practice in disability employment. We work in partnership with Mencap and The Camden Society to find roles for disabled people within our business.
The Company will employ disabled persons when they appear to be suitable for a particular vacancy and every effort is made to ensure that they are given full and fair consideration when such vacancies arise. This includes training, career development and promotion of disabled persons and continued employment for staff that become disabled.

Qualifying third party indemnity provisions

The company has granted an indemnity to its directors against liability in respect of proceedings brought by third parties, subject to the conditions set out in the Companies Act 2006. Such qualifying third-party indemnity provision remains in force at the date of approving the Directors’ report.

Matters covered in the Strategic Report

In accordance with section 416(4) of the Companies Act, items which are required to be disclosed in the Directors' report have been disclosed in the Strategic report as these are considered to be of strategic importance to the Company.

Disclosure of information to auditors

Each of the persons who are directors at the time when this Directors' report is approved has confirmed that:
 
so far as the director is aware, there is no relevant audit information of which the Company's auditors are unaware, and

the director has taken all the steps that ought to have been taken as a director in order to be aware of any relevant audit information and to establish that the Company's auditors are aware of that information.

Auditors

The auditorsBarnes Roffe LLPwill be proposed for reappointment in accordance with section 485 of the Companies Act 2006.

This report was approved by the board on 31 July 2024 and signed on its behalf.
 





G Whittaker
Director
Page 5

 
CATSTEPS CAFES LIMITED
 
 
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF CATSTEPS CAFES LIMITED
 

Opinion


We have audited the financial statements of Catsteps Cafes Limited (the 'Company') for the year ended 31 March 2024, which comprise the Statement of comprehensive income, the Balance sheet, the Statement of cash flows, the Statement of changes in equity and the related notes, including a summary of significant accounting policiesThe financial reporting framework that has been applied in their preparation is applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards, including Financial Reporting Standard 102 ‘The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland' (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice).


In our opinion the financial statements:


give a true and fair view of the state of the Company's affairs as at 31 March 2024 and of its loss for the year then ended;
have been properly prepared in accordance with United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice; and
have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006.


Basis for opinion


We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and applicable law. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditors' responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements section of our report. We are independent of the Company in accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in the United Kingdom, including the Financial Reporting Council's Ethical Standard and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.


Conclusions relating to going concern


In auditing the financial statements, we have concluded that the directors' use of the going concern basis of accounting in the preparation of the financial statements is appropriate.


Based on the work we have performed, we have not identified any material uncertainties relating to events or conditions that, individually or collectively, may cast significant doubt on the Company's ability to continue as a going concern for a period of at least twelve months from when the financial statements are authorised for issue.


Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of the directors with respect to going concern are described in the relevant sections of this report.


Page 6

 
CATSTEPS CAFES LIMITED
 
 
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF CATSTEPS CAFES LIMITED (CONTINUED)


Other information


The other information comprises the information included in the Annual Report other than the financial statements and our Auditors' report thereon. The directors are responsible for the other information contained within the Annual ReportOur opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and, except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in our report, we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon. Our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the course of the audit, or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If we identify such material inconsistencies or apparent material misstatements, we are required to determine whether this gives rise to a material misstatement in the financial statements themselves. If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact.


We have nothing to report in this regard.


Opinion on other matters prescribed by the Companies Act 2006
 

In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of the audit:


the information given in the Strategic report and the Directors' report for the financial year for which the financial statements are prepared is consistent with the financial statements; and
the Strategic report and the Directors' report have been prepared in accordance with applicable legal requirements.


Matters on which we are required to report by exception
 

In the light of the knowledge and understanding of the Company and its environment obtained in the course of the audit, we have not identified material misstatements in the Strategic report or the Directors' report.


We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters in relation to which the Companies Act 2006 requires us to report to you if, in our opinion:


adequate accounting records have not been kept, or returns adequate for our audit have not been received from branches not visited by us; or
the financial statements are not in agreement with the accounting records and returns; or
certain disclosures of directors' remuneration specified by law are not made; or
we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit.


Responsibilities of directors
 

As explained more fully in the Directors' responsibilities statement set out on page 4, the directors are responsible for the preparation of the financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair view, and for such internal control as the directors determine is necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.


In preparing the financial statements, the directors are responsible for assessing the Company's ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the directors either intend to liquidate the Company or to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so.


Page 7

 
CATSTEPS CAFES LIMITED
 
 
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF CATSTEPS CAFES LIMITED (CONTINUED)


Auditors' responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements
 

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an Auditors' report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements.


Irregularities, including fraud, are instances of non-compliance with laws and regulations. We design procedures in line with our responsibilities, outlined above, to detect material misstatements in respect of irregularities, including fraud. The extent to which our procedures are capable of detecting irregularities, including fraud is detailed below:

Based on our understanding of the Company and industry, we identified that the principal risks of non compliance with laws and regulations related to food hygiene and health and safety requirements and compliance with national minimum living wage legislation. We considered the extent to which non-compliance might have a material effect on the financial statements. We also considered those laws and regulations that have a direct impact on the preparation of the financial statements such as the Companies Act 2006, income tax, payroll tax, and sales tax.
We evaluated management’s incentives and opportunities for fraudulent manipulation of the financial statements (including the risk of override of controls), and determined that the principal risks were related to recognition of revenue, the posting of incorrect or inappropriate journal entries, bias in accounting estimates and disclosure of related party transactions.
Procedures performed by the engagement team included:
• Reconciliation of revenue to bank statement receipts recorded in the year;
• Testing of the validity of bank transaction and revenue data used in the above work;
• Evaluating the adequacy of systems and controls, including those designed to prevent and detect irregularities;
• Identifying and testing journal adjustments both in the year and as part of the financial reporting process;
• Challenging assumptions and judgements made by management in their critical accounting estimates;
• Discussion of potential related party transactions with management and review of accounting records for
related party activity;
• Assessment of staff salaries and review of hourly pay against minimum wage legislation and consideration of
requirements such as uniforms;
• Review of food hygiene ratings and safety standards; and
• Review of correspondence with HMRC and regulators.
Because of the inherent limitations of an audit, there is a risk that we will not detect all irregularities, including those leading to a material misstatement in the financial statements or non-compliance with regulation. This risk increases the more that compliance with a law or regulation is removed from the events and transactions reflected in the financial statements, as we will be less likely to become aware of instances of non-compliance.The risk is also greater regarding irregularities occurring due to fraud rather than error, as fraud involves intentional concealment, forgery, collusion, omission or misrepresentation.


A further description of our responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements is located on the Financial Reporting Council's website at: www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities. This description forms part of our Auditors' report.


Page 8

 
CATSTEPS CAFES LIMITED
 
 
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF CATSTEPS CAFES LIMITED (CONTINUED)


Use of our report
 

This report is made solely to the Company's members, as a body, in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of the Companies Act 2006Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the Company's members those matters we are required to state to them in an Auditors' report and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other than the Company and the Company's members, as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we have formed.





Gary Leonard (Senior statutory auditor)
for and on behalf of
Barnes Roffe LLP
Chartered Accountants
Statutory Auditor
Leytonstone House
Leytonstone
London
E11 1GA

31 July 2024
Page 9

 
CATSTEPS CAFES LIMITED
 
 
STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2024

2024
2023
                                                                                                                          Note
£
£

  

Turnover
 4 
17,756,753
18,018,048

Cost of sales
  
(4,028,465)
(4,422,506)

Gross profit
  
13,728,288
13,595,542

Administrative expenses
  
(13,572,808)
(14,542,984)

Operating profit/(loss)
 5 
155,480
(947,442)

Interest payable and similar expenses
 9 
(636,586)
(442,869)

Loss before tax
  
(481,106)
(1,390,311)

Loss for the financial year
  
(481,106)
(1,390,311)

Total comprehensive income for the year
  
(481,106)
(1,390,311)

The notes on pages 16 to 32 form part of these financial statements.
Page 10

 
CATSTEPS CAFES LIMITED
REGISTERED NUMBER: 08231148

BALANCE SHEET
AS AT 31 MARCH 2024

2024
2023
                                                                            Note
£
£

Fixed assets
  

Intangible assets
 11 
1,052,577
1,190,539

Tangible assets
 12 
2,932,191
3,221,917

  
3,984,768
4,412,456

Current assets
  

Stocks
 13 
126,460
141,095

Debtors
 14 
653,359
581,556

Cash at bank and in hand
 15 
23,610
1,131

  
803,429
723,782

Creditors: amounts falling due within one year
 16 
(4,182,141)
(6,269,916)

Net current liabilities
  
 
 
(3,378,712)
 
 
(5,546,134)

Total assets less current liabilities
  
606,056
(1,133,678)

Creditors: amounts falling due after more than one year
 17 
(4,565,251)
(2,344,411)

  

Net liabilities
  
(3,959,195)
(3,478,089)


Capital and reserves
  

Called up share capital 
 20 
1,175
1,175

Share premium account
 21 
3,765,682
3,765,682

Profit and loss account
 21 
(7,726,052)
(7,244,946)

  
(3,959,195)
(3,478,089)


The financial statements were approved and authorised for issue by the board and were signed on its behalf on 31 July 2024.




G Whittaker
Director

The notes on pages 16 to 32 form part of these financial statements.
Page 11

 
CATSTEPS CAFES LIMITED
 

STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2024


Called up share capital
Share premium account
Profit and loss account
Total equity

£
£
£
£


At 1 April 2022 (as previously stated)
1,175
3,765,682
(6,716,933)
(2,950,076)

Prior year adjustment - correction of error
-
-
862,298
862,298


At 1 April 2022 (as restated)
1,175
3,765,682
(5,854,635)
(2,087,778)


Comprehensive income for the year

Loss for the year
-
-
(1,390,311)
(1,390,311)



At 1 April 2023
1,175
3,765,682
(7,244,946)
(3,478,089)


Comprehensive income for the year

Loss for the year
-
-
(481,106)
(481,106)


At 31 March 2024
1,175
3,765,682
(7,726,052)
(3,959,195)


The notes on pages 16 to 32 form part of these financial statements.
Page 12

 
CATSTEPS CAFES LIMITED
 

STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2024

2024
2023
£
£

Cash flows from operating activities

Loss for the financial year
(481,106)
(1,390,311)

Adjustments for:

Amortisation of intangible assets
137,962
141,659

Depreciation of tangible assets
590,555
729,896

Loss on disposal of tangible assets
280,190
-

Amortisation of arrangement fee
4,138
4,138

Interest paid
636,586
442,869

Decrease/(increase) in stocks
14,635
(35,795)

(Increase) in debtors
(78,736)
(49,820)

Increase in creditors
273,313
635,971

Net cash generated from operating activities

1,377,537
478,607


Cash flows from investing activities

Purchase of tangible fixed assets
(683,647)
(297,806)

Sale of tangible fixed assets
102,628
-

HP interest paid
(2,782)
(200)

Net cash from investing activities

(583,801)
(298,006)
Page 13

 
CATSTEPS CAFES LIMITED
 

STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2024


2024
2023

£
£



Cash flows from financing activities

New secured loans
420,000
-

Repayment of loans
(236,154)
(200,000)

Repayment of/new hire purchase assets
16,623
48,395

Interest paid
(633,804)
(352,162)

Net cash used in financing activities
(433,335)
(503,767)

Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
360,401
(323,166)

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year
(336,791)
(13,625)

Cash and cash equivalents at the end of year
23,610
(336,791)


Cash and cash equivalents at the end of year comprise:

Cash at bank and in hand
23,610
1,131

Bank overdrafts
-
(337,922)

23,610
(336,791)


The notes on pages 16 to 32 form part of these financial statements.

Page 14

 
CATSTEPS CAFES LIMITED
 

ANALYSIS OF NET DEBT
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2024







At 1 April 2023
Cash flows
New loans taken out
New finance leases
Other non-cash changes
At 31 March 2024
£

£

£

£

£

£

Cash at bank and in hand

1,131

22,479

-

-

-

23,610

Bank overdrafts

(337,922)

337,922

-

-

-

-

Debt due after 1 year

(2,314,865)

656,675

(420,000)

-

(2,453,526)

(4,531,716)

Debt due within 1 year

(2,549,651)

(546,644)

-

-

2,453,526

(642,769)

Finance leases

(48,395)

27,074

-

(43,697)

-

(65,018)


(5,249,702)
497,506
(420,000)
(43,697)
-
(5,215,893)

The notes on pages 16 to 32 form part of these financial statements.
Page 15

 
CATSTEPS CAFES LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2024

1.


General information

Catsteps Cafes Limited ("the Company") is a private company, limited by shares, domiciled and incorporated in England. The address of the company's registered office and principal place of business is 1 Wardour Mews, London, W1F 8AH.
The principal activities of the company are included in the Director's Report. 

2.Accounting policies

 
2.1

Basis of preparation of financial statements

The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention unless otherwise specified within these accounting policies and in accordance with Financial Reporting Standard 102, the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and the Republic of Ireland and the Companies Act 2006.

Monetary amounts in these financial statements are stated in pounds sterling, the functional and presentational currency of the Company, and are rounded to the nearest whole £1.

The following principal accounting policies have been applied:

 
2.2

Going concern

In order to assess the going concern assumption, the directors have considered detailed trading and cash flow projections for a period of at least 12 months from the date of approval of these financial statements alongside the risks inherent in the business, notably liquidity and trading performance.
As disclosed in notes 16 - 18, the Company is funded by a mixture of loans from parties connected with the directors and permanent equity together with loan facilities from Santander Corporate Banking (“Santander”), the secured lender to the Company.
Based on the projections, the directors are confident that they can continue to finance the company through cash generated from business activities along with the loans mentioned above and the company can achieve sustained profitability in the future. The accounts have thus been prepared under the going concern assumption.

 
2.3

Turnover

Turnover represents restaurant and bar takings registered at the point of sale through electronic tills, excluding any discretionary service charge and value added tax.

 
2.4

Operating leases: the Company as lessee

Rentals paid under operating leases are charged to profit or loss on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

  
2.5

Pre-opening costs

Property rentals and other related staff costs and overheads incurred prior to a new cafe opening are written off to the profit and loss account as incurred.

Page 16

 
CATSTEPS CAFES LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2024

2.Accounting policies (continued)

 
2.6

Finance costs

Finance costs are charged to profit or loss over the term of the debt using the effective interest method so that the amount charged is at a constant rate on the carrying amount. Issue costs are initially recognised as a reduction in the proceeds of the associated capital instrument.

 
2.7

Borrowing costs

All borrowing costs are recognised in profit or loss in the year in which they are incurred.

 
2.8

Pensions

Defined contribution pension plan

The Company operates a defined contribution plan for its employees. A defined contribution plan is a pension plan under which the Company pays fixed contributions into a separate entity. Once the contributions have been paid the Company has no further payment obligations.

The contributions are recognised as an expense in profit or loss when they fall due. Amounts not paid are shown in accruals as a liability in the Balance sheet. The assets of the plan are held separately from the Company in independently administered funds.

 
2.9

Share-based payments

The business operates an EMI option scheme for the benefit of its employees and directors. No charge has been recognised within the financial statements as the directos are of the opinion that the amount involved would be immaterial.

Page 17

 
CATSTEPS CAFES LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2024

2.Accounting policies (continued)

 
2.10

Taxation

Tax is recognised in profit or loss except that a charge attributable to an item of income and expense recognised as other comprehensive income or to an item recognised directly in equity is also recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity respectively.

The current income tax charge is calculated on the basis of tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date in the countries where the Company operates and generates income.

Deferred tax balances are recognised in respect of all timing differences that have originated but not reversed by the balance sheet date, except that:
The recognition of deferred tax assets is limited to the extent that it is probable that they will be recovered against the reversal of deferred tax liabilities or other future taxable profits; and
Any deferred tax balances are reversed if and when all conditions for retaining associated tax allowances have been met.

Deferred tax balances are not recognised in respect of permanent differences except in respect of business combinations, when deferred tax is recognised on the differences between the fair values of assets acquired and the future tax deductions available for them and the differences between the fair values of liabilities acquired and the amount that will be assessed for tax. Deferred tax is determined using tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date.

Current and deferred tax is charged or credited in profit or loss, except when it relates to items charged or credited to other comprehensive income or equity, when the tax follows the transaction orevent it relates to and is also charged or credited to other comprehensive income, or equity.
Current tax assets and current tax liabilities and deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are offset, if and only if, there is a legally enforceable right to set off the amounts and the entity intends either to settle on a net basis or to realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.

Page 18

 
CATSTEPS CAFES LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2024

2.Accounting policies (continued)

 
2.11

Intangible assets

Goodwill

Goodwill represents the difference between amounts paid on the cost of a business combination and the acquirer’s interest in the fair value of its identifiable assets and liabilities of the acquiree at the date of acquisition. Subsequent to initial recognition, goodwill is measured at cost less accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses. Goodwill is amortised on a straight-line basis to the Statement of comprehensive income over its useful economic life. Goodwill relates to the acquisition of three sites, each of which are deemed to have a different useful economic life and are therefore amortised over a different basis. These useful economic lives are deemed to be 15, 17 and 25 years.

Other intangible assets

Intangible assets are initially recognised at cost. After recognition, under the cost model, intangible assets are measured at cost less any accumulated amortisation and any accumulated impairment losses.

At each reporting date the company assesses whether there is any indication of impairment. If such indication exists, the recoverable amount of the asset is determined which is the higher of its fair value less costs to sell and its value in use. An impairment loss is recognised where the carrying amount exceeds the recoverable amount.

All intangible assets are considered to have a finite useful life. If a reliable estimate of the useful life cannot be made, the useful life shall not exceed ten years.

 The estimated useful lives range as follows:

Trademarks
-
10
years straight line basis
Software
-
5
years straight line basis

 
2.12

Tangible fixed assets

Tangible fixed assets under the cost model are stated at historical cost less accumulated depreciation and any accumulated impairment losses. Historical cost includes expenditure that is directly attributable to bringing the asset to the location and condition necessary for it to be capable of operating in the manner intended by management.

Page 19

 
CATSTEPS CAFES LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2024

2.Accounting policies (continued)


2.12
Tangible fixed assets (continued)

Depreciation is charged so as to allocate the cost of assets less their residual value over their estimated useful lives, using the straight-line method.

Depreciation is provided on the following basis:

Leasehold property and improvements
-
Over the life on the lease
Fixtures, fittings & equipment
-
5 years straight line basis

The assets' residual values, useful lives and depreciation methods are reviewed, and adjusted prospectively if appropriate, or if there is an indication of a significant change since the last reporting date.

Gains and losses on disposals are determined by comparing the proceeds with the carrying amount and are recognised in profit or loss.

An assessment is made at each reporting date of whether there are indications that a fixed asset may be impaired or that an impairment loss previoulsy recognised has fully or partially reversed. Where there is any indication that an asset may be impaired, the carrying value of the asset (or cash-generating unit to which the asset has been allocated) is tested for impairment.
Shortfalls between the carrying value of fixed assets and their recoverable amounts, being the higher of their fair value less costs to sell and value-in-use, are recognised as impairment losses. All impairment losses are recognised in profit or loss.
Recognised impairment losses are reversed if, and only if, the reasons for the impairment loss have ceased to apply. Reversals of impairment losses are recognised in profit or loss. On reversal of an impairment loss, the depreciation or amortisation is adjusted to allocate the asset's revised carrying amount (less any residual value) over its remaining useful life.

 
2.13

Stocks

Stocks are stated at the lower of cost and net realisable value, being the estimated selling price less costs to complete and sell. At each balance sheet date, stocks are assessed for impairment. If stock is impaired, the carrying amount is reduced to its selling price less costs to complete and sell. The impairment loss is recognised immediately in profit or loss.

 
2.14

Debtors

Short-term debtors are measured at transaction price, less any impairment. Loans receivable are measured initially at fair value, net of transaction costs, and are measured subsequently at amortised cost using the effective interest method, less any impairment.

Page 20

 
CATSTEPS CAFES LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2024

2.Accounting policies (continued)

 
2.15

Cash and cash equivalents

Cash is represented by cash in hand and deposits with financial institutions repayable without penalty on notice of not more than 24 hours. Cash equivalents are highly liquid investments that mature in no more than three months from the date of acquisition and that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash with insignificant risk of change in value.

In the Statement of cash flows, cash and cash equivalents are shown net of bank overdrafts that are repayable on demand and form an integral part of the Company's cash management.

 
2.16

Creditors

Short-term creditors are measured at the transaction price. Other financial liabilities, including bank loans, are measured initially at fair value, net of transaction costs, and are measured subsequently at amortised cost using the effective interest method.

 
2.17

Financial instruments

The Company only enters into basic financial instrument transactions that result in the recognition of financial assets and liabilities like trade and other debtors and creditors, loans from banks and other third parties, loans to related parties and investments in ordinary shares.
Debt instruments (other than those wholly repayable or receivable within one year), including loans and other accounts receivable and payable, are initially measured at present value of the future cash flows and subsequently at amortised cost using the effective interest method. Debt instruments that are payable or receivable within one year, typically trade debtors and creditors, are measured, initially and subsequently, at the undiscounted amount of the cash or other consideration expected to be paid or received. However, if the arrangements of a short-term instrument constitute a financing transaction, like the payment of a trade debt deferred beyond normal business terms or in case of an out-right short-term loan that is not at market rate, the financial asset or liability is measured, initially at the present value of future cash flows discounted at a market rate of interest for a similar debt instrument and subsequently at amortised cost, unless it qualifies as a loan from a director in the case of a small company, or a public benefit entity concessionary loan.

Page 21

 
CATSTEPS CAFES LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2024

3.


Judgments in applying accounting policies and key sources of estimation uncertainty

In preparing its financial statements, the Company has made significant judgements, estimates and assumptions that impact on the carrying value of certain assets and liabilities, income and expenses as well as other information reported in the notes. The company periodically monitors such estimates and assumptions and makes sure they incorporate all relevant information available at the date when financial statements are prepared. However, this does not prevent actual figures differing from estimates.
The judgements made in the process of applying the Company's accounting policies that have the most significant effect on the accounts recognised in the financial statements, and the estimates and assumptions that have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year are addressed below:
Impairment of property, plant and equipment
The impairment analysis of tangible assets requires an estimation of the recoverable amount of these respective assets, being the higher of fair value less costs to sell and value in use. This requires the Company to determine the value in use of the asset or cash-generating unit to which the assets are allocated. Cash generating units are deemed to be individual restaurant units. Estimation of the value in use is primarily based on discounted cash flow models which require the company to make an estimate of the expected future cash flows from the asset or the cash-generating unit and also to choose an appropriate discount rate in order to calculate the present value of the cash flows.
Impairment of goodwill and other intangible assets
The estimated useful economic lives of intangible assets are based on management's judgement and experience. When management identifies that actual useful economic lives differ materially from the estimates used to calculate amortisation, that charge is adjusted prospectively. Due to the significance of intangible assets arising on the acquisition of restaurants to the Company, variations between actual and estimated useful economic lives could impact operating results both positively and negatively, although historically few changes to estimated useful economic lives have been made.
The annual impairment assessment in respect of goodwill requires estimates of the value in use (or fair value less costs to sell) of cash-generating units to which goodwill has been allocated. As a result, estimates of future cash flows are required, together with an appropriate discount factor for the purposes of determining the present value of those cash flows.


4.


Turnover

Analysis of turnover by country of destination:

2024
2023
£
£

United Kingdom
17,756,753
18,018,048


Turnover attributable to continuing operations is derived from the sale of food, wines, spirits, other beverages and sundry items.

Page 22

 
CATSTEPS CAFES LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2024

5.


Operating profit/(loss)

The operating profit/(loss) is stated after charging:

2024
2023
£
£

Depreciation and amortisation (charged to administrative expenses)
728,517
871,555

Other operating lease rentals
1,584,286
1,587,405

Loss on disposal of tangible fixed assets
280,190
-


6.


Auditors' remuneration

During the year, the Company obtained the following services from the Company's auditors:


2024
2023
£
£

Fees payable to the Company's auditors for the audit of the Company's financial statements
34,250
32,000

7.


Employees

Staff costs were as follows:


2024
2023
£
£

Wages and salaries
6,189,755
6,898,390

Social security costs
485,099
548,976

Cost of defined contribution scheme
99,007
102,159

6,773,861
7,549,525


The average monthly number of employees, including the directors, during the year was as follows:


        2024
        2023
            No.
            No.







Office and management
21
21



Production and sales
327
345

348
366

Page 23

 
CATSTEPS CAFES LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2024

8.


Directors' remuneration

The total remuneration of the directors, who are considered to be the key management personnel, was £315,193 (2023: £308,799).
The highest paid director received remuneration of £172,383 
(2023 - £169,383).
There were 3 
(2023: 3) directors accruing retirement benefits under a defined pension contribution pension scheme for the year at a cost of £5,032 (2023: £4,638).





9.


Interest payable and similar expenses

2024
2023
£
£


Loan and bank interest
633,804
442,669

Finance leases and hire purchase contracts
2,782
200

636,586
442,869


10.


Taxation


2024
2023
£
£



Total current tax
-
-

Total deferred tax
 
-
 
-


Tax on loss
-
-
Page 24

 
CATSTEPS CAFES LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2024
 
10.Taxation (continued)


Factors affecting tax charge for the year

The tax assessed for the year is higher than (2023 - higher than) the standard rate of corporation tax in the UK of 25% (2023 - 19%). The differences are explained below:

2024
2023
£
£


Loss on ordinary activities before tax
(481,106)
(1,390,311)


Loss on ordinary activities multiplied by standard rate of corporation tax in the UK of 25% (2023 - 19%)
(120,277)
(264,159)

Effects of:


Expenses not deductible for tax purposes
25,903
24,864

Fixed asset differences
70,530
76,408

Unrelieved tax losses carried forward
-
177,572

Other differences leading to an increase (decrease) in the tax charge
23,844
(14,685)

Total tax charge for the year
-
-


Factors that may affect future tax charges

There were no factors that may affect future tax charges.



Page 25

 
CATSTEPS CAFES LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2024

11.


Intangible assets




Trademarks
Software
Goodwill
Total

£
£
£
£



Cost


At 1 April 2023
2,871
128,872
3,398,558
3,530,301



At 31 March 2024

2,871
128,872
3,398,558
3,530,301



Amortisation


At 1 April 2023
2,391
123,655
2,213,716
2,339,762


Charge for the year on owned assets
287
5,217
132,458
137,962



At 31 March 2024

2,678
128,872
2,346,174
2,477,724



Net book value



At 31 March 2024
193
-
1,052,384
1,052,577



At 31 March 2023
480
5,217
1,184,842
1,190,539


The carrying amount of goodwill has a remaining amortisation period of 7-11 years (2023: 8 - 12 years).


Page 26

 
CATSTEPS CAFES LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2024

12.


Tangible fixed assets





Leasehold property & improvements
Fixtures, fittings & equipment
Total

£
£
£



Cost or valuation


At 1 April 2023
6,145,312
2,743,601
8,888,913


Additions
368,893
314,754
683,647


Disposals
(826,740)
(103,951)
(930,691)



At 31 March 2024

5,687,465
2,954,404
8,641,869



Depreciation


At 1 April 2023
3,450,156
2,216,840
5,666,996


Charge for the year on owned assets
373,992
216,563
590,555


Disposals
(472,073)
(75,800)
(547,873)



At 31 March 2024

3,352,075
2,357,603
5,709,678



Net book value



At 31 March 2024
2,335,390
596,801
2,932,191



At 31 March 2023
2,695,156
526,761
3,221,917




The net book value of land and buildings may be further analysed as follows:


2024
2023
£
£

Short leasehold
2,335,390
2,695,156



13.


Stocks

2024
2023
£
£

Raw materials and consumables
126,460
141,095


Page 27

 
CATSTEPS CAFES LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2024

14.


Debtors


2024
2023
£
£

Due after more than one year

Other debtors
94,180
81,753

Due within one year

Trade debtors
20,049
-

Other debtors
227,297
105,314

Prepayments and accrued income
311,833
394,489

653,359
581,556


The balance due after more than one year represents lease deposits.


15.


Cash and cash equivalents

2024
2023
£
£

Cash at bank and in hand
23,610
1,131

Less: bank overdrafts
-
(337,922)

23,610
(336,791)



16.


Creditors: Amounts falling due within one year

2024
2023
£
£

Bank overdrafts
-
337,922

Bank loans
620,521
200,000

Other loans
-
2,328,146

Trade creditors
1,711,255
1,487,579

Other taxation and social security
1,032,517
1,135,920

Obligations under finance lease and hire purchase contracts
31,483
18,849

Other creditors
328,943
142,754

Accruals and deferred income
457,422
618,746

4,182,141
6,269,916


See note 18 for information on the bank loans. 

Page 28

 
CATSTEPS CAFES LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2024

17.


Creditors: Amounts falling due after more than one year

2024
2023
£
£

Bank loans
2,078,190
2,314,865

Other loans
2,453,526
-

Net obligations under finance leases and hire purchase contracts
33,535
29,546

4,565,251
2,344,411


Other loans of £2,453,526 (2023: £2,328,146) incur interest at SONIA plus 1.75% per annum. 

Page 29

 
CATSTEPS CAFES LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2024

18.


Loans


Analysis of the maturity of loans is given below:


2024
2023
£
£

Amounts falling due within one year

Bank loans
620,521
200,000

Other loans
-
2,328,146


620,521
2,528,146

Amounts falling due 1-2 years

Bank loans
2,078,190
400,000

Other loans
2,453,526
-


4,531,716
400,000

Amounts falling due 2-5 years

Bank loans
-
1,914,865


-
1,914,865

5,152,237
4,843,011


The bank loans of £416,666 (2023: £550,000) is stated net of arrangement fees of £Nil (2023:  £9,310). These loans are secured by a fixed and floating charge over the assets of the Company.
Loan B £416,666 
(2023: £550,000) is payable on 2 September 2025. Interest is payable at SONIA plus 4.5% per quarter with quarterly £50,000 capital repayments that commenced on 31 December 2020.
The company entered into two Coronavirus Business Interruption Loan Schemes (CBILS) totalling £2,011,754 
(2023: £2,011,754). The bank loan incurs interest at SONIA plus 3.8% per quarter.
The two CBILS loans, Term 1 for £1,324,697 
(2023: £1,324,697) and Term 2 of £687,057 (2023: £687,057) have quarterly capital repayments of £50,000 for Term 1 which commences on 30 June 2024 and £50,000 for Term 2 which commences on 30 June 2025. Full repayment is due on 2 September 2025 for both terms.

Page 30

 
CATSTEPS CAFES LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2024

19.


Hire purchase and finance leases


Minimum lease payments under hire purchase fall due as follows:

2024
2023
£
£


Within one year
31,816
12,267

Between 1-5 years
30,588
36,128

Over 5 years
2,947
-

65,351
48,395


20.


Share capital

2024
2023
£
£
Allotted, called up and fully paid



117,300 (2023 - 117,300) Ordinary shares of £0.01 each
1,173
1,173
100 (2023 - 100) Ordinary B shares of £0.01 each
1
1
100 (2023 - 100) Ordinary C shares of £0.01 each
1
1

1,175

1,175

Classes of shares
Ordinary shares carry one voting right per share and hold an entitlement to dividends at the Company's discretion. This class of shares is not redeemable.
Ordinary 'B' shares carry no voting rights and are not entitled to any dividends or other distributions, except as specifically provided in the Articles. This class of shares is not redeemable.
Ordinary 'C' shares carry no voting rights and are not entitled to any dividends or other distributions, except as specifically provided in the Articles. This class of shares is not redeemable.
Share options
On 30 January 2015, the Company granted options to subscribe for Ordinary shares of £0.01 each, with an exercise price of £0.01 per share. The period within which options are exercisable is to 29 January 2025, whereby the rights of the exercisable options is for 6,700 shares.



21.


Reserves

Share premium account

Consideration received for shares issued above their nominal value net of transaction costs.

Profit and loss account

Cumulative profit and loss net of distributions to owners.

Page 31

 
CATSTEPS CAFES LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2024

22.


Pension commitments

The Company operates a defined contributions pension scheme. The assets of the scheme are held separately from those of the Company in an independently administered fund. The pension cost charge represents contributions payable by the Company to the fund and amounted to £99,007 (2023: £102,159). Contributions totalling £24,307 (2023: £21,505) were payable to the fund at the balance sheet date and are included in creditors.


23.


Commitments under operating leases

At 31 March 2024 the Company had future minimum lease payments due under non-cancellable operating leases for each of the following periods:

2024
2023
£
£


Not later than 1 year
1,773,034
1,574,286

Later than 1 year and not later than 5 years
5,718,943
5,391,934

Later than 5 years
8,525,574
7,862,321

16,017,551
14,828,541


24.


Related party transactions

At the year end, other loans included £2,453,526 (2023: £2,328,146) owed to Bill Rooney upon which interest of £155,380 (2023: £90,507) was accrued during the year. The principal loan amount after repayments totals £1,740,000 which has accrued interest of £713,526 (2023: £488,146) at the year end. Bill Rooney is a related party by virtue of his relationship with the directors.


25.


Controlling party

J Arana-Morton and A Rooney are deemed to be the controlling parties.
 
Page 32