Company registration number 08314129 (England and Wales)
WESTGATE GLOBAL LTD
ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023
WESTGATE GLOBAL LTD
COMPANY INFORMATION
Directors
Mr G B Gates
Mr E E Gates
Mr J D Gates
Mr A Arnett
Mr R J Freeman
Company number
08314129
Registered office
Westgate House
Verulam Road
Stafford
Staffordshire
ST16 3EA
Auditor
Benee Consulting Limited
48 Durrell Drive
Rugby
Warwickshire
CV22 7GW
Accountant
Oldfield Advisory LLP
Santis House
Curriers Close
Coventry
CV4 8AW
WESTGATE GLOBAL LTD
CONTENTS
Page
Strategic report
1 - 2
Directors' report
3 - 4
Directors' responsibilities statement
5
Independent auditor's report
6 - 8
Profit and loss account
9
Statement of comprehensive income
10
Balance sheet
11 - 12
Statement of changes in equity
13
Statement of cash flows
14
Notes to the financial statements
15 - 31
WESTGATE GLOBAL LTD
STRATEGIC REPORT
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023
- 1 -

The directors present the strategic report for the year ended 31 December 2023.

Principal activities

The principal activities of the company are the design, manufacture, import, export, hire, supply and installation of partitions, hoardings and all other associated products or accessories incidental thereto across the UK and Europe.

Review of the business

 

Business environment

One of the main sectors the company operates in is the construction sector. Customers rely on a secure and efficient supply chain and the company has a long established and stable supply chain with key suppliers across the UK and Europe.

 

There have been no specific negative impacts on the supply chain during the financial year and the company is continually working with its suppliers to ensure this remains the case in the short, medium and long term.

 

The company’s three-year plan for growth focuses upon excelling in delivering solutions to customers utilising its product range, by region, across the UK and Europe. The business monitors targets against the three-year plan ensuring that it identifies key detractors to enable it to manage any risks and uncertainties that have the potential to affect the achievement of its targets.

 

Strategy

As part of a family-controlled group, the directors have strong values and hold themselves to the highest standards. This is reflected in the company's values which include: loyal, trustworthy, progressive, flexible and collaborative.

 

The success and longevity of the business is built upon revenue growth, profit growth, sustainable cash flow and debtor management. To ensure the continued success of the business, management regularly evaluate and monitor KPIs and take appropriate remedial actions.

 

Principal risk and uncertainties

Risk acceptance and risk management is continually monitored by means of a framework of policies, procedures and internal controls. All such policies and procedures are overseen by the board of directors and senior management and are constantly under review to comply with statutory regulations and best practice.

 

Main risks: the ability to identify, evaluate, monitor and, where appropriate, mitigate risk within the company is fundamental to the continued success of the business. Revenue is derived from either supply, or supply and installation projects. Contracts undertaken on a subcontract basis affect 20% of total revenue and is subject to up to 5% of retention, which can impact cashflow planning. Risk associated with increased raw material prices, exchange rate implications and project delays can affect both gross margin and revenue conversion timings respectively.

Monitoring risks: the company actively monitors its own day to day working capital requirements and is in a very strong position to maintain a suitable level of self-financed liquidity. It reinforces this ability by having a trade credit insurance facility in place to mitigate debt risk factors.

Following both the outbreak of war in Gaza and heightened tensions in the Red Sea affecting shipping lanes in October 2023, the company carried out a review of its supply chain and client base to assess and manage impacts on various stakeholder groups. The company has identified no significant risk from these events that will impact operations but will continue to monitor the wider situation in the Middle East and the potential further impact on supply chain costs more generally.

WESTGATE GLOBAL LTD
STRATEGIC REPORT (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023
- 2 -
Principal risks and uncertainties (continued)

Contract risks are managed internally by employing suitably qualified and experienced staff to manage the contracts process, supplemented with external support as required.

In the wider macro environment shortages of resources, and skilled staff at all levels, is constraining all sectors of industry. Resource planning and talent reviews ensure the company can build the pipeline of talent it needs to meet its business requirements. A robust talent acquisition process, with line managers trained to make the best hiring decisions and onboarding processes, ensures new starters are integrated into the business effectively and that internal progression opportunities are encouraged and facilitated.

Policies and procedures: senior management are responsible for the Integrated Management System which they are committed to reviewing monthly ensuring that particular focus is given to driving continuing improvements to achieve scalable processes for future growth. The company was recertified in 2023 for ISO9001 & ISO14001 certifications.

The company's approach to managing liquidity and credit risk is provided in the financial instrument section of the directors report.

Development and performance

As anticipated by the directors, sales for 2023 were stronger than in 2022 and grew by 4.8%. The gross profit margin and operating profit percentages have both seen positive incremental increases in 2023 when compared to 2022.

 

Directors opinion: The directors are confident that the company's three year plan has enabled the business to retain a strong financial position and together with the dedication of its staff, and a secure order book, will successfully deliver the company's objectives for 2024.

Key performance indicators

The directors were pleased to report an operating profit of 14.5% for the year (2022 - 14%), which continues a track record of strong performance.

At the year end the company had shareholders funds of £8,161,834 (2022 - £9,612,349). The directors believe the company's position to be satisfactory, especially as the company's current assets exceed its current liabilities by £7,068,532 (2022 - £8,513,934) resulting in a strong current ratio, at the end of the year, of 3.3 (2022 - 4.6).

Other performance indicators

Client satisfaction and repeat work are key non-financial indicators. NPI (net promotor indicator) feedback is formally requested from clients either upon delivery of goods or at the end of each project.

The directors and its senior management team consider health and safety performance to be a primary non-financial indicator. Health and safety leaders are appointed within each business unit who monitor both warehouse production activities and on-site projects through their life cycle. A health and safety committee also meets regularly, which is made up of representatives from across the business.

Future developments

The company continues to invest in product development conformance, undertaking research and development into both new and existing products and their application methodologies.

On behalf of the board

Mr G B Gates
Director
30 August 2024
WESTGATE GLOBAL LTD
DIRECTORS' REPORT
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023
- 3 -

The directors present their annual report and financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2023.

Results and dividends

The results for the year are set out on page 9.

Ordinary dividends were paid amounting to £3,800,000. The directors do not recommend payment of a final dividend.

Directors

The directors who held office during the year and up to the date of signature of the financial statements were as follows:

Mr G B Gates
Mr E E Gates
Mr J D Gates
Mr A Arnett
Mr R J Freeman
Financial instruments

The company utilises a variety of financial instruments to support its operations, manage risks, and achieve its strategic objectives including cash and cash equivalents, trade receivables, trade payables, bank loans, and other forms of debt. Each instrument plays a critical role in ensuring liquidity, funding growth initiatives, and managing financial risks such as credit, market, and liquidity risks.

 

Investments of cash surpluses, borrowings and derivative instruments are made through banks and companies which must fulfil credit rating criteria approved by the Board that also provide optimal interest rates for the company.

 

All customers who wish to trade on credit terms are subject to credit verification procedures. Trade debtors are monitored on an ongoing basis and provision is made for doubtful debts where necessary. Insurance is held against debt as a further protection measure.

Future developments

Details of future developments are given in the Strategic Report.

Auditor

The auditor, Benee Consulting Limited, is deemed to be reappointed under section 487(2) of the Companies Act 2006.

Statement of disclosure to auditor

So far as each person who was a director at the date of approving this report is aware, there is no relevant audit information of which the company’s auditor is unaware. Additionally, the directors individually have taken all the necessary steps that they ought to have taken as directors in order to make themselves aware of all relevant audit information and to establish that the company’s auditor is aware of that information.

Medium-sized companies exemption

This report has been prepared in accordance with the provisions applicable to companies entitled to the medium-sized companies exemption.

WESTGATE GLOBAL LTD
DIRECTORS' REPORT (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023
- 4 -
On behalf of the board
Mr G B Gates
Director
30 August 2024
WESTGATE GLOBAL LTD
DIRECTORS' RESPONSIBILITIES STATEMENT
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023
- 5 -

The directors are responsible for preparing the annual report and the financial statements in accordance with applicable law and regulations.

 

Company law requires the directors to prepare financial statements for each financial year. Under that law the directors have elected to prepare the financial statements in accordance with United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice (United Kingdom Accounting Standards and applicable law). Under company law the directors must not approve the financial statements unless they are satisfied that they give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the company and of the profit or loss of the company for that period. In preparing these financial statements, the directors are required to:

 

 

The directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that are sufficient to show and explain the company’s transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the company and enable them to ensure that the financial statements comply with the Companies Act 2006. They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the company and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities.

WESTGATE GLOBAL LTD
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR'S REPORT
TO THE MEMBERS OF WESTGATE GLOBAL LTD
- 6 -
Opinion

We have audited the financial statements of Westgate Global Ltd (the 'company') for the year ended 31 December 2023 which comprise the profit and loss account, the statement of comprehensive income, the balance sheet, the statement of changes in equity, the statement of cash flows and notes to the financial statements, including significant accounting policies. The financial reporting framework that has been applied in their preparation is applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards, including Financial Reporting Standard 102 The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice).

In our opinion the financial statements:

Basis for opinion

We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and applicable law. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditor's responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements section of our report. We are independent of the company in accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in the UK, including the FRC’s Ethical Standard, and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.

Conclusions relating to going concern

In auditing the financial statements, we have concluded that the directors' use of the going concern basis of accounting in the preparation of the financial statements is appropriate.

 

Based on the work we have performed, we have not identified any material uncertainties relating to events or conditions that, individually or collectively, may cast significant doubt on the company's ability to continue as a going concern for a period of at least twelve months from when the financial statements are authorised for issue.

 

Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of the directors with respect to going concern are described in the relevant sections of this report.

Other information

The other information comprises the information included in the annual report other than the financial statements and our auditor's report thereon. The directors are responsible for the other information contained within the annual report. Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and, except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in our report, we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon. Our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the course of the audit, or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If we identify such material inconsistencies or apparent material misstatements, we are required to determine whether this gives rise to a material misstatement in the financial statements themselves. If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact.

 

We have nothing to report in this regard.

Opinions on other matters prescribed by the Companies Act 2006

In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of our audit:

WESTGATE GLOBAL LTD
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR'S REPORT (CONTINUED)
TO THE MEMBERS OF WESTGATE GLOBAL LTD
- 7 -
Matters on which we are required to report by exception

In the light of the knowledge and understanding of the company and its environment obtained in the course of the audit, we have not identified material misstatements in the strategic report or the directors' report.

 

We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters in relation to which the Companies Act 2006 requires us to report to you if, in our opinion:

Responsibilities of directors

As explained more fully in the directors' responsibilities statement, the directors are responsible for the preparation of the financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair view, and for such internal control as the directors determine is necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error. In preparing the financial statements, the directors are responsible for assessing the company's ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the directors either intend to liquidate the company or to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so.

Auditor's responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor's report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements.

A further description of our responsibilities is available on the Financial Reporting Council’s website at: https://www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities. This description forms part of our auditor's report.

Extent to which the audit was considered capable of detecting irregularities, including fraud;

Irregularities, including fraud, are instances of non-compliance with laws and regulations. We design procedures in line with our responsibilities, outlined above and on the Financial Reporting Council’s website, to detect material misstatements in respect of irregularities, including fraud.

We obtain and update our understanding of the entity, its activities, its control environment, and likely future developments, including in relation to the legal and regulatory framework applicable and how the entity is complying with that framework. Based on this understanding, we identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to fraud or error, design and perform audit procedures responsive to those risks, and obtain audit evidence that is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. This includes consideration of the risk of acts by the entity that were contrary to applicable laws and regulations, including fraud.

WESTGATE GLOBAL LTD
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR'S REPORT (CONTINUED)
TO THE MEMBERS OF WESTGATE GLOBAL LTD
- 8 -

In response to the risk of irregularities and non-compliance with laws and regulations, including fraud, we designed procedures which included:

 

 

Because of the inherent limitations of an audit, there is a risk that we will not detect all irregularities, including those leading to a material misstatement in the financial statements or non-compliance with regulation. This risk increases the more that compliance with a law or regulation is removed from the events and transactions reflected in the financial statements, as we will be less likely to become aware of instances of non-compliance. The risk of not detecting a material misstatement resulting from fraud is higher than for one resulting from error, as fraud may involve collusion, forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations, or the override of internal control.

Use of our report

 

This report is made solely to the company’s members, as a body, in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of the Companies Act 2006. Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the company’s members those matters we are required to state to them in an auditor’s report and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other than the company and the company’s members as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we have formed.

Sarah Flint BSc FCA (Senior Statutory Auditor)
For and on behalf of Benee Consulting Limited
30 August 2024
Chartered Accountant and Statutory Auditor
48 Durrell Drive
Rugby
Warwickshire
CV22 7GW
WESTGATE GLOBAL LTD
PROFIT AND LOSS ACCOUNT
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023
- 9 -
2023
2022
Notes
£
£
Turnover
3
21,113,406
20,143,131
Cost of sales
(11,316,199)
(11,347,853)
Gross profit
9,797,207
8,795,278
Administrative expenses
(6,825,841)
(6,016,043)
Other operating income
82,785
42,887
Operating profit
4
3,054,151
2,822,122
Interest receivable and similar income
7
36,614
1,269
Interest payable and similar expenses
8
(7,503)
(5,099)
Amounts written off investments
9
(320)
-
Profit before taxation
3,082,942
2,818,292
Tax on profit
10
(733,457)
(408,626)
Profit for the financial year
2,349,485
2,409,666

The profit and loss account has been prepared on the basis that all operations are continuing operations.

WESTGATE GLOBAL LTD
STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023
- 10 -
2023
2022
£
£
Profit for the year
2,349,485
2,409,666
Other comprehensive income
-
-
Total comprehensive income for the year
2,349,485
2,409,666
WESTGATE GLOBAL LTD
BALANCE SHEET
AS AT
31 DECEMBER 2023
31 December 2023
- 11 -
2023
2022
Notes
£
£
£
£
Fixed assets
Goodwill
13
40,480
45,480
Other intangible assets
13
33,149
26,238
Total intangible assets
73,629
71,718
Tangible assets
14
1,268,284
1,273,992
Investments
15
-
0
320
1,341,913
1,346,030
Current assets
Stocks
17
1,852,873
2,049,845
Debtors
18
4,309,812
5,457,576
Cash at bank and in hand
3,943,665
3,382,915
10,106,350
10,890,336
Creditors: amounts falling due within one year
19
(3,037,818)
(2,376,402)
Net current assets
7,068,532
8,513,934
Total assets less current liabilities
8,410,445
9,859,964
Creditors: amounts falling due after more than one year
20
(64,556)
(85,516)
Provisions for liabilities
Deferred tax liability
22
184,055
162,099
(184,055)
(162,099)
Net assets
8,161,834
9,612,349
Capital and reserves
Called up share capital
25
330
330
Capital redemption reserve
1,476,398
1,476,398
Profit and loss reserves
6,685,106
8,135,621
Total equity
8,161,834
9,612,349

These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the provisions relating to medium-sized companies.

WESTGATE GLOBAL LTD
BALANCE SHEET (CONTINUED)
AS AT
31 DECEMBER 2023
31 December 2023
- 12 -
The financial statements were approved by the board of directors and authorised for issue on 30 August 2024 and are signed on its behalf by:
Mr G B Gates
Director
Company registration number 08314129 (England and Wales)
WESTGATE GLOBAL LTD
STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023
- 13 -
Share capital
Capital redemption reserve
Profit and loss reserves
Total
Notes
£
£
£
£
Balance at 1 January 2022
330
1,476,398
5,725,955
7,202,683
Year ended 31 December 2022:
Profit and total comprehensive income
-
-
2,409,666
2,409,666
Balance at 31 December 2022
330
1,476,398
8,135,621
9,612,349
Year ended 31 December 2023:
Profit and total comprehensive income
-
-
2,349,485
2,349,485
Dividends
11
-
-
(3,800,000)
(3,800,000)
Balance at 31 December 2023
330
1,476,398
6,685,106
8,161,834
WESTGATE GLOBAL LTD
STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023
- 14 -
2023
2022
Notes
£
£
£
£
Cash flows from operating activities
Cash generated from operations
29
5,471,949
2,164,395
Interest paid
(7,503)
(5,099)
Income taxes paid
(544,645)
(402,574)
Net cash inflow from operating activities
4,919,801
1,756,722
Investing activities
Purchase of intangible assets
(14,290)
(76,700)
Purchase of tangible fixed assets
(579,042)
(1,059,562)
Proceeds from disposal of tangible fixed assets
17,173
68,577
Proceeds from disposal of subsidiaries
320
-
0
Proceeds from disposal of investments
(320)
-
0
Interest received
36,614
1,269
Net cash used in investing activities
(539,545)
(1,066,416)
Financing activities
Payment of finance leases obligations
(19,506)
105,022
Dividends paid
(3,800,000)
-
0
Net cash (used in)/generated from financing activities
(3,819,506)
105,022
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents
560,750
795,328
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year
3,382,915
2,587,587
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year
3,943,665
3,382,915
WESTGATE GLOBAL LTD
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023
- 15 -
1
Accounting policies
Company information

Westgate Global Ltd is a private company limited by shares incorporated in England and Wales. The registered office is Westgate House, Verulam Road, Stafford, Staffordshire, ST16 3EA.

 

The principal activities of the company are the design, manufacture, import, export, hire, supply and installation of partitions, hoardings and all other associated products or accessories incidental thereto across the UK and Europe.

1.1
Accounting convention

These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with FRS 102 “The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland” (“FRS 102”) and the requirements of the Companies Act 2006.

The financial statements are prepared in sterling, which is the functional currency of the company. Monetary amounts in these financial statements are rounded to the nearest £.

The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention. The principal accounting policies adopted are set out below.

The company has taken advantage of the exemption under section 400 of the Companies Act 2006 not to prepare consolidated accounts. The financial statements present information about the company as an individual entity and not about its group.

 

Westgate Global Ltd is a majority-owned subsidiary of Hexdown Ltd and the results of Westgate Global Ltd are included in the consolidated financial statements of Hexdown Ltd which are available from: Westgate House, Verulam Road, Stafford, United Kingdom, ST16 3EA.

1.2
Going concern

Atruet the time of approving the financial statements, the directors have a reasonable expectation that the company has adequate resources to continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future. Thus the directors continue to adopt the going concern basis of accounting in preparing the financial statements.

1.3
Turnover

Turnover is recognised at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable for goods and services provided in the normal course of business, and is shown net of VAT and other sales related taxes. The fair value of consideration takes into account trade discounts, settlement discounts and volume rebates.

 

When cash inflows are deferred and represent a financing arrangement, the fair value of the consideration is the present value of the future receipts. The difference between the fair value of the consideration and the nominal amount received is recognised as interest income.

Revenue from the sale of goods is recognised when the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the goods have passed to the buyer (usually on dispatch of the goods), the amount of revenue can be measured reliably, it is probable that the economic benefits associated with the transaction will flow to the entity and the costs incurred or to be incurred in respect of the transaction can be measured reliably.

Revenue from the hire of goods is recognised evenly over the duration of the hire period. The hire period ranges from four to fifty weeks in duration.

1.4
Research and development expenditure

Research expenditure is written off against profits in the year in which it is incurred. Identifiable development expenditure is capitalised to the extent that the technical, commercial and financial feasibility can be demonstrated.

WESTGATE GLOBAL LTD
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023
1
Accounting policies
(Continued)
- 16 -
1.5
Intangible fixed assets - goodwill

Goodwill represents the excess of the cost of acquisition of unincorporated businesses over the fair value of net assets acquired. It is initially recognised as an asset at cost and is subsequently measured at cost less accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses. Goodwill is considered to have a finite useful life and is amortised on a systematic basis over its expected life, which is 10 years.

 

For the purposes of impairment testing, goodwill is allocated to the cash-generating units expected to benefit from the acquisition. Cash-generating units to which goodwill has been allocated are tested for impairment at least annually, or more frequently when there is an indication that the unit may be impaired. If the recoverable amount of the cash-generating unit is less than the carrying amount of the unit, the impairment loss is allocated first to reduce the carrying amount of any goodwill allocated to the unit and then to the other assets of the unit pro-rata on the basis of the carrying amount of each asset in the unit.

1.6
Intangible fixed assets other than goodwill

Intangible assets acquired separately from a business are recognised at cost and are subsequently measured at cost less accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses.

 

Intangible assets acquired on business combinations are recognised separately from goodwill at the acquisition date where it is probable that the expected future economic benefits that are attributable to the asset will flow to the entity and the fair value of the asset can be measured reliably; the intangible asset arises from contractual or other legal rights; and the intangible asset is separable from the entity.

Amortisation is recognised so as to write off the cost or valuation of assets less their residual values over their useful lives on the following bases:

Website development
20% straight line
1.7
Tangible fixed assets

Tangible fixed assets are initially measured at cost and subsequently measured at cost or valuation, net of depreciation and any impairment losses.

Depreciation is recognised so as to write off the cost or valuation of assets less their residual values over their useful lives on the following bases:

Plant and equipment
25% on reducing balance
Fixtures and fittings
25% on reducing balance
Computers
25% on reducing balance
Motor vehicles
25% on reducing balance
Office equipment
25% on reducing balance
Hire fleet
20% and 33% straight line

The gain or loss arising on the disposal of an asset is determined as the difference between the sale proceeds and the carrying value of the asset, and is credited or charged to profit or loss.

1.8
Fixed asset investments

Interests in subsidiaries, associates and jointly controlled entities are initially measured at cost and subsequently measured at cost less any accumulated impairment losses. The investments are assessed for impairment at each reporting date and any impairment losses or reversals of impairment losses are recognised immediately in profit or loss.

A subsidiary is an entity controlled by the company. Control is the power to govern the financial and operating policies of the entity so as to obtain benefits from its activities.

WESTGATE GLOBAL LTD
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023
1
Accounting policies
(Continued)
- 17 -

An associate is an entity, being neither a subsidiary nor a joint venture, in which the company holds a long-term interest and where the company has significant influence. The company considers that it has significant influence where it has the power to participate in the financial and operating decisions of the associate.

Entities in which the company has a long term interest and shares control under a contractual arrangement are classified as jointly controlled entities.

1.9
Impairment of fixed assets

At each reporting period end date, the company reviews the carrying amounts of its tangible and intangible assets to determine whether there is any indication that those assets have suffered an impairment loss. If any such indication exists, the recoverable amount of the asset is estimated in order to determine the extent of the impairment loss (if any). Where it is not possible to estimate the recoverable amount of an individual asset, the company estimates the recoverable amount of the cash-generating unit to which the asset belongs.

Recoverable amount is the higher of fair value less costs to sell and value in use. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset for which the estimates of future cash flows have not been adjusted.

 

If the recoverable amount of an asset (or cash-generating unit) is estimated to be less than its carrying amount, the carrying amount of the asset (or cash-generating unit) is reduced to its recoverable amount. An impairment loss is recognised immediately in profit or loss, unless the relevant asset is carried at a revalued amount, in which case the impairment loss is treated as a revaluation decrease.

Recognised impairment losses are reversed if, and only if, the reasons for the impairment loss have ceased to apply. Where an impairment loss subsequently reverses, the carrying amount of the asset (or cash-generating unit) is increased to the revised estimate of its recoverable amount, but so that the increased carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined had no impairment loss been recognised for the asset (or cash-generating unit) in prior years. A reversal of an impairment loss is recognised immediately in profit or loss, unless the relevant asset is carried at a revalued amount, in which case the reversal of the impairment loss is treated as a revaluation increase.

1.10
Stocks

Stocks are stated at the lower of cost and estimated selling price less costs to complete and sell. Cost comprises direct materials and, where applicable, direct labour costs and those overheads that have been incurred in bringing the stocks to their present location and condition.

 

Stocks held for distribution at no or nominal consideration are measured at the lower of cost and replacement cost, adjusted where applicable for any loss of service potential.

Stock is measured on a first in, first-out basis.

At each reporting date, an assessment is made for impairment. Any excess of the carrying amount of stocks over its estimated selling price less costs to complete and sell is recognised as an impairment loss in profit or loss. Reversals of impairment losses are also recognised in profit or loss.

1.11
Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents are basic financial assets and include cash in hand, deposits held at call with banks, other short-term liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less, and bank overdrafts. Bank overdrafts are shown within borrowings in current liabilities.

WESTGATE GLOBAL LTD
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023
1
Accounting policies
(Continued)
- 18 -
1.12
Financial instruments

The company has elected to apply the provisions of Section 11 ‘Basic Financial Instruments’ and Section 12 ‘Other Financial Instruments Issues’ of FRS 102 to all of its financial instruments.

 

Financial instruments are recognised in the company's balance sheet when the company becomes party to the contractual provisions of the instrument.

 

Financial assets and liabilities are offset, with the net amounts presented in the financial statements, when there is a legally enforceable right to set off the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis or to realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.

Basic financial assets

Basic financial assets, which include debtors and cash and bank balances, are initially measured at transaction price including transaction costs and are subsequently carried at amortised cost using the effective interest method unless the arrangement constitutes a financing transaction, where the transaction is measured at the present value of the future receipts discounted at a market rate of interest. Financial assets classified as receivable within one year are not amortised.

Other financial assets

Other financial assets, including investments in equity instruments which are not subsidiaries, associates or joint ventures, are initially measured at fair value, which is normally the transaction price. Such assets are subsequently carried at fair value and the changes in fair value are recognised in profit or loss, except that investments in equity instruments that are not publicly traded and whose fair values cannot be measured reliably are measured at cost less impairment.

Impairment of financial assets

Financial assets, other than those held at fair value through profit and loss, are assessed for indicators of impairment at each reporting end date.

 

Financial assets are impaired where there is objective evidence that, as a result of one or more events that occurred after the initial recognition of the financial asset, the estimated future cash flows have been affected. If an asset is impaired, the impairment loss is the difference between the carrying amount and the present value of the estimated cash flows discounted at the asset’s original effective interest rate. The impairment loss is recognised in profit or loss.

 

If there is a decrease in the impairment loss arising from an event occurring after the impairment was recognised, the impairment is reversed. The reversal is such that the current carrying amount does not exceed what the carrying amount would have been, had the impairment not previously been recognised. The impairment reversal is recognised in profit or loss.

Derecognition of financial assets

Financial assets are derecognised only when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the asset expire or are settled, or when the company transfers the financial asset and substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership to another entity, or if some significant risks and rewards of ownership are retained but control of the asset has transferred to another party that is able to sell the asset in its entirety to an unrelated third party.

Classification of financial liabilities

Financial liabilities and equity instruments are classified according to the substance of the contractual arrangements entered into. An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of the company after deducting all of its liabilities.

WESTGATE GLOBAL LTD
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023
1
Accounting policies
(Continued)
- 19 -
Basic financial liabilities

Basic financial liabilities, including creditors, bank loans, loans from fellow group companies and preference shares that are classified as debt, are initially recognised at transaction price unless the arrangement constitutes a financing transaction, where the debt instrument is measured at the present value of the future payments discounted at a market rate of interest. Financial liabilities classified as payable within one year are not amortised.

 

Debt instruments are subsequently carried at amortised cost, using the effective interest rate method.

 

Trade creditors are obligations to pay for goods or services that have been acquired in the ordinary course of business from suppliers. Amounts payable are classified as current liabilities if payment is due within one year or less. If not, they are presented as non-current liabilities. Trade creditors are recognised initially at transaction price and subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method.

Other financial liabilities

Derivatives, including interest rate swaps and forward foreign exchange contracts, are not basic financial instruments. Derivatives are initially recognised at fair value on the date a derivative contract is entered into and are subsequently re-measured at their fair value. Changes in the fair value of derivatives are recognised in profit or loss in finance costs or finance income as appropriate, unless hedge accounting is applied and the hedge is a cash flow hedge.

 

Debt instruments that do not meet the conditions in FRS 102 paragraph 11.9 are subsequently measured at fair value through profit or loss. Debt instruments may be designated as being measured at fair value through profit or loss to eliminate or reduce an accounting mismatch or if the instruments are measured and their performance evaluated on a fair value basis in accordance with a documented risk management or investment strategy.

Derecognition of financial liabilities

Financial liabilities are derecognised when the company’s contractual obligations expire or are discharged or cancelled.

1.13
Equity instruments

Equity instruments issued by the company are recorded at the proceeds received, net of transaction costs. Dividends payable on equity instruments are recognised as liabilities once they are no longer at the discretion of the company.

1.14
Taxation

The tax expense represents the sum of the tax currently payable and deferred tax.

Current tax

The tax currently payable is based on taxable profit for the year. Taxable profit differs from net profit as reported in the profit and loss account because it excludes items of income or expense that are taxable or deductible in other years and it further excludes items that are never taxable or deductible. The company’s liability for current tax is calculated using tax rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the reporting end date.

WESTGATE GLOBAL LTD
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023
1
Accounting policies
(Continued)
- 20 -
Deferred tax

Deferred tax liabilities are generally recognised for all timing differences and deferred tax assets are recognised to the extent that it is probable that they will be recovered against the reversal of deferred tax liabilities or other future taxable profits. Such assets and liabilities are not recognised if the timing difference arises from goodwill or from the initial recognition of other assets and liabilities in a transaction that affects neither the tax profit nor the accounting profit.

 

The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at each reporting end date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profits will be available to allow all or part of the asset to be recovered. Deferred tax is calculated at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the period when the liability is settled or the asset is realised. Deferred tax is charged or credited in the profit and loss account, except when it relates to items charged or credited directly to equity, in which case the deferred tax is also dealt with in equity. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset when the company has a legally enforceable right to offset current tax assets and liabilities and the deferred tax assets and liabilities relate to taxes levied by the same tax authority.

1.15
Employee benefits

The costs of short-term employee benefits are recognised as a liability and an expense, unless those costs are required to be recognised as part of the cost of stock or fixed assets.

 

The cost of any unused holiday entitlement is recognised in the period in which the employee’s services are received.

 

Termination benefits are recognised immediately as an expense when the company is demonstrably committed to terminate the employment of an employee or to provide termination benefits.

1.16
Retirement benefits

Payments to defined contribution retirement benefit schemes are charged as an expense as they fall due.

1.17
Leases

Leases are classified as finance leases whenever the terms of the lease transfer substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership to the lessees. All other leases are classified as operating leases.

 

Assets held under finance leases are recognised as assets at the lower of the assets fair value at the date of inception and the present value of the minimum lease payments. The related liability is included in the balance sheet as a finance lease obligation. Lease payments are treated as consisting of capital and interest elements. The interest is charged to profit or loss so as to produce a constant periodic rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability.

Rentals payable under operating leases, including any lease incentives received, are charged to profit or loss on a straight line basis over the term of the relevant lease except where another more systematic basis is more representative of the time pattern in which economic benefits from the leases asset are consumed.

1.18
Foreign exchange

Transactions in currencies other than pounds sterling are recorded at the rates of exchange prevailing at the dates of the transactions. At each reporting end date, monetary assets and liabilities that are denominated in foreign currencies are retranslated at the rates prevailing on the reporting end date. Gains and losses arising on translation in the period are included in profit or loss.

WESTGATE GLOBAL LTD
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023
- 21 -
2
Judgements and key sources of estimation uncertainty

In the application of the company’s accounting policies, the directors are required to make judgements, estimates and assumptions about the carrying amount of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. The estimates and associated assumptions are based on historical experience and other factors that are considered to be relevant. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

 

The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised in the period in which the estimate is revised where the revision affects only that period, or in the period of the revision and future periods where the revision affects both current and future periods.

3
Turnover and other revenue
2023
2022
£
£
Turnover analysed by class of business
Sale of goods
17,608,099
17,236,998
Hire of goods
3,505,307
2,906,133
21,113,406
20,143,131
2023
2022
£
£
Turnover analysed by geographical market
United Kingdom
18,336,413
18,268,002
European Union
1,485,064
1,314,283
Rest of the world
1,291,929
560,846
21,113,406
20,143,131
2023
2022
£
£
Other revenue
Interest income
36,614
1,269
4
Operating profit
2023
2022
Operating profit for the year is stated after charging:
£
£
Exchange losses
63,228
50,027
Research and development costs
3,922
28,989
Fees payable to the company's auditor for the audit of the company's financial statements
11,000
11,000
Depreciation of owned tangible fixed assets
430,825
273,181
Depreciation of tangible fixed assets held under finance leases
30,463
25,325
Loss on disposal of tangible fixed assets
106,289
41,352
Amortisation of intangible assets
12,379
4,983
Operating lease charges
404,164
113,176
WESTGATE GLOBAL LTD
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023
- 22 -
5
Auditor's remuneration
2023
2022
Fees payable to the company's auditor and associates:
£
£
For audit services
Audit of the financial statements of the company
11,000
11,000
6
Employees

The average monthly number of persons (including directors) employed by the company during the year was:

2023
2022
Number
Number
106
110

Their aggregate remuneration comprised:

2023
2022
£
£
Wages and salaries
5,363,887
4,778,976
Social security costs
576,852
514,957
Pension costs
78,635
70,207
6,019,374
5,364,140
7
Interest receivable and similar income
2023
2022
£
£
Interest income
Interest on bank deposits
35,585
-
0
Other interest income
1,029
1,269
Total income
36,614
1,269
2023
2022
Investment income includes the following:
£
£
Interest on financial assets not measured at fair value through profit or loss
36,614
1,269
WESTGATE GLOBAL LTD
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023
- 23 -
8
Interest payable and similar expenses
2023
2022
£
£
Other finance costs:
Interest on finance leases and hire purchase contracts
6,899
5,099
Other interest
604
-
0
7,503
5,099
9
Amounts written off investments
2023
2022
£
£
Other gains and losses
(320)
-
10
Taxation
2023
2022
£
£
Current tax
UK corporation tax on profits for the current period
711,501
426,623
Adjustments in respect of prior periods
-
0
(152,893)
Total current tax
711,501
273,730
Deferred tax
Origination and reversal of timing differences
21,956
134,896
Total tax charge
733,457
408,626

The actual charge for the year can be reconciled to the expected charge for the year based on the profit or loss and the standard rate of tax as follows:

2023
2022
£
£
Profit before taxation
3,082,942
2,818,292
Expected tax charge based on the standard rate of corporation tax in the UK of 23.51% (2022: 19.00%)
724,800
535,475
Tax effect of expenses that are not deductible in determining taxable profit
322
8,483
Permanent capital allowances in excess of depreciation
8,693
17,977
Under/(over) provided in prior years
-
0
(152,893)
Tax relief in respect of gift aid
(358)
(416)
Taxation charge for the year
733,457
408,626
WESTGATE GLOBAL LTD
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023
10
Taxation
(Continued)
- 24 -

Deferred tax of £184,055 is expected to reverse in the next year as accelerated capital allowances reduce (see note 22).

 

Factors that may affect future tax charges

From 1 April 2023, the main rate of ccorporation tax increased from 19% to 25% for companies in the United Kingdom with profits exceeding £250,000. This change will place a greater tax burden on the company in future accounting periods, in comparison with previous years.

11
Dividends
2023
2022
£
£
Interim paid
3,800,000
-
0
12
Impairments

Impairment tests have been carried out where appropriate and the following impairment losses have been recognised in profit or loss:

2023
2022
Notes
£
£
In respect of:
Fixed asset investments
15
320
-
Recognised in:
Amounts written off investments
320
-

The impairment losses in respect of financial assets are recognised in other gains and losses in the profit and loss account.

WESTGATE GLOBAL LTD
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023
- 25 -
13
Intangible fixed assets
Goodwill
Website development
Total
£
£
£
Cost
At 1 January 2023
50,001
26,700
76,701
Additions
-
0
14,290
14,290
At 31 December 2023
50,001
40,990
90,991
Amortisation and impairment
At 1 January 2023
4,521
462
4,983
Amortisation charged for the year
5,000
7,379
12,379
At 31 December 2023
9,521
7,841
17,362
Carrying amount
At 31 December 2023
40,480
33,149
73,629
At 31 December 2022
45,480
26,238
71,718
WESTGATE GLOBAL LTD
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023
- 26 -
14
Tangible fixed assets
Plant and equipment
Fixtures and fittings
Computers
Motor vehicles
Office equipment
Hire fleet
Total
£
£
£
£
£
£
£
Cost
At 1 January 2023
152,947
383,464
129,215
207,473
31,789
768,007
1,672,895
Additions
26,331
58,654
40,480
-
0
1,164
452,413
579,042
Disposals
(3,701)
(346)
(1,815)
(10,074)
-
0
(180,647)
(196,583)
At 31 December 2023
175,577
441,772
167,880
197,399
32,953
1,039,773
2,055,354
Depreciation and impairment
At 1 January 2023
30,736
82,022
48,782
51,706
12,855
172,802
398,903
Depreciation charged in the year
34,675
82,457
28,207
38,010
4,845
273,094
461,288
Eliminated in respect of disposals
(1,672)
(184)
(863)
(4,893)
-
0
(65,509)
(73,121)
At 31 December 2023
63,739
164,295
76,126
84,823
17,700
380,387
787,070
Carrying amount
At 31 December 2023
111,838
277,477
91,754
112,576
15,253
659,386
1,268,284
At 31 December 2022
122,211
301,442
80,433
155,767
18,934
595,205
1,273,992
WESTGATE GLOBAL LTD
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023
14
Tangible fixed assets
(Continued)
- 27 -

The net carrying value of tangible fixed assets includes the following in respect of assets held under finance leases or hire purchase contracts.

2023
2022
£
£
Motor vehicles
91,388
121,850
15
Fixed asset investments
2023
2022
Notes
£
£
Investments in subsidiaries
16
-
0
320
Fixed asset investments not carried at market value

Investments are measured at cost less provisions for impairment.

Movements in fixed asset investments
Shares in subsidiaries
£
Cost or valuation
At 1 January 2023 & 31 December 2023
320
Impairment
At 1 January 2023
-
Impairment losses
320
At 31 December 2023
320
Carrying amount
At 31 December 2023
-
At 31 December 2022
320

The company's three wholly-owned subsidiaries were dormant throughout the year ended 31 December 2023 and up to the date of their formal dissolution on the 12 March 2024.

16
Subsidiaries

Details of the company's subsidiaries at 31 December 2023 are as follows:

Name of undertaking
Registered office
Class of
% Held
shares held
Direct
E Gates Ltd
Westgate House, Verulam Road, Stafford, ST16 3EA
Ordinary
100.00
J Gates Ltd
As above
Ordinary
100.00
M E Gates Ltd
As above
Ordinary
100.00
WESTGATE GLOBAL LTD
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023
- 28 -
17
Stocks
2023
2022
£
£
Work in progress
145,540
112,290
Finished goods and goods for resale
1,707,333
1,937,555
1,852,873
2,049,845

The differences between purchase and replacement cost are not material.

18
Debtors
2023
2022
Amounts falling due within one year:
£
£
Trade debtors
3,540,957
4,814,374
Amounts owed by group undertakings
124,982
71,463
Other debtors
321,711
285,984
Prepayments and accrued income
322,162
285,755
4,309,812
5,457,576
19
Creditors: amounts falling due within one year
2023
2022
Notes
£
£
Obligations under finance leases
21
20,960
19,506
Trade creditors
1,237,159
831,399
Corporation tax
302,909
136,053
Other taxation and social security
302,699
443,493
Other creditors
14,385
14,160
Accruals and deferred income
1,159,706
931,791
3,037,818
2,376,402

Hire purchase contracts and finance leases are secured on the assets subject to the financing arrangement.

20
Creditors: amounts falling due after more than one year
2023
2022
Notes
£
£
Obligations under finance leases
21
64,556
85,516
WESTGATE GLOBAL LTD
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023
- 29 -
21
Finance lease obligations
2023
2022
Future minimum lease payments due under finance leases:
£
£
Within one year
20,960
19,506
In two to five years
64,556
85,516
85,516
105,022

Finance lease payments represent rentals payable by the company for certain items of plant and machinery. Leases include purchase options at the end of the lease period, and no restrictions are placed on the use of the assets. The average lease term is 3 years. All leases are on a fixed repayment basis and no arrangements have been entered into for contingent rental payments.

22
Deferred taxation

The following are the major deferred tax liabilities and assets recognised by the company and movements thereon:

Liabilities
Liabilities
2023
2022
Balances:
£
£
Accelerated capital allowances
184,055
162,099
2023
Movements in the year:
£
Liability at 1 January 2023
162,099
Charge to profit or loss
21,956
Liability at 31 December 2023
184,055

The deferred tax liability set out above is expected to reverse within 12 months and relates to accelerated capital allowances that are expected to mature within the same period.

23
Contigent assets and liabilities

The company has made provision of around £250,000 for two receivable balances that are subject to dispute. We have already provided for these amounts and the cost of pursuing them will not exceed this value. Any recovered amounts will not be provided for until they are received.

WESTGATE GLOBAL LTD
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023
- 30 -
24
Retirement benefit schemes
2023
2022
Defined contribution schemes
£
£
Charge to profit or loss in respect of defined contribution schemes
78,635
70,207

The company operates a defined contribution pension scheme for all qualifying employees. The assets of the scheme are held separately from those of the company in an independently administered fund.

Contributions totalling £4,287 (2022 - £3,380) were payable to the fund at the balance sheet date and are included in other creditors due within one year.

25
Share capital
2023
2022
2023
2022
Ordinary share capital
Number
Number
£
£
Issued and fully paid
Ordinary of 0.1p each
330,000
330,000
330
330
26
Operating lease commitments
Lessee

At the reporting end date the company had outstanding commitments for future minimum lease payments under non-cancellable operating leases, which fall due as follows:

2023
2022
£
£
Within one year
48,215
142,806
Between two and five years
39,472
47,071
87,687
189,877
27
Related party transactions

During the year ended 31 December 2023 the company's parent undertaking charged the company management fees of £300,000 (2022 - £300,000) and rent of £290,000 (2022 - £Nil). The the amount due to the parent undertaking at the year end date was £350,000 (2022 - £61,200).

 

Included in debtors due within one year is an intercompany account balance with the company's parent undertaking. At the 31 December 2023 the amount due to the company was £124,982 (2022 - £71,463). No interest is charged on the intercompany account and the balance is repayable on demand.

 

Included within wages is an amount paid to close family members of £223,469 for salary, benefits and pensions during the year.

28
Ultimate controlling party

Westgate Global Ltd is a majority-owned subsidiary of Hexdown Ltd and the results of Westgate Global Ltd are included in the consolidated financial statements of Hexdown Ltd which are available from: Westgate House, Verulam Road, Stafford, United Kingdom, ST16 3EA.

 

The ultimate controlling party is the board of directors of Hexdown Ltd.

WESTGATE GLOBAL LTD
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023
- 31 -
29
Cash generated from operations
2023
2022
£
£
Profit for the year after tax
2,349,485
2,409,666
Adjustments for:
Taxation charged
733,457
408,626
Finance costs
7,503
5,099
Investment income
(36,614)
(1,269)
Loss on disposal of tangible fixed assets
106,289
41,352
Amortisation and impairment of intangible assets
12,379
4,983
Depreciation and impairment of tangible fixed assets
461,288
298,506
Other gains and losses
320
-
Movements in working capital:
Decrease in stocks
196,972
463,827
Decrease/(increase) in debtors
1,147,764
(338,175)
Increase/(decrease) in creditors
493,106
(1,128,220)
Cash generated from operations
5,471,949
2,164,395
30
Analysis of changes in net funds
1 January 2023
Cash flows
31 December 2023
£
£
£
Cash at bank and in hand
3,382,915
560,750
3,943,665
Obligations under finance leases
(105,022)
19,506
(85,516)
3,277,893
580,256
3,858,149
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