ECA PROCUREMENT SERVICES LIMITED
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE PERIOD ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023
2.Accounting policies (continued)
Short-term creditors are measured at the transaction price. Other financial liabilities, including bank
loans, are measured initially at fair value, net of transaction costs, and are measured subsequently at
amortised cost using the effective interest method.
The Company only enters into basic financial instrument transactions that result in the recognition of
financial assets and liabilities like trade and other debtors and creditors, loans from banks and other
third parties, loans to related parties and investments in ordinary shares.
Debt instruments (other than those wholly repayable or receivable within one year), including loans
and other accounts receivable and payable, are initially measured at present value of the future cash
flows and subsequently at amortised cost using the effective interest method. Debt instruments that
are payable or receivable within one year, typically trade debtors and creditors, are measured, initially
and subsequently, at the undiscounted amount of the cash or other consideration expected to be paid
or received. However, if the arrangements of a short-term instrument constitute a financing transaction, like the payment of a trade debt deferred beyond normal business terms or in case of an
out-right short-term loan that is not at market rate, the financial asset or liability is measured, initially
at the present value of future cash flows discounted at a market rate of interest for a similar debt
instrument and subsequently at amortised cost, unless it qualifies as a loan from a director in the case of a small company, or a public benefit entity concessionary loan.
Investments in non-derivative instruments that are equity to the issuer are measured:
∙at fair value with changes recognised in the Statement of Comprehensive Income if the shares
are publicly traded or their fair value can otherwise be measured reliably;
∙at cost less impairment for all other investments.
Financial assets that are measured at cost and amortised cost are assessed at the end of each
reporting period for objective evidence of impairment. If objective evidence of impairment is found, an
impairment loss is recognised in the Statement of Comprehensive Income.
For financial assets measured at amortised cost, the impairment loss is measured as the difference
between an asset's carrying amount and the present value of estimated cash flows discounted at the
asset's original effective interest rate. If a financial asset has a variable interest rate, the discount rate
for measuring any impairment loss is the current effective interest rate determined under the
contract.
For financial assets measured at cost less impairment, the impairment loss is measured as the
difference between an asset's carrying amount and best estimate of the recoverable amount, which is
an approximation of the amount that the Company would receive for the asset if it were to be sold at
the balance sheet date.
Financial assets and liabilities are offset and the net amount reported in the Balance Sheet when
there is an enforceable right to set off the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a
net basis or to realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.
Derivatives, including interest rate swaps and forward foreign exchange contracts, are not basic
financial instruments. Derivatives are initially recognised at fair value on the date a derivative contract
is entered into and are subsequently re-measured at their fair value. Changes in the fair value of
derivatives are recognised in profit or loss in finance costs or income as appropriate. The company
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