IRIS Accounts Production v24.2.0.383 Other Company accounts True false Pounds 1.1.23 31.12.23 31.12.23 FY Professor G S Virk Professor M O Tokhi Dr M A Armada Professor B Bridge Professor S Moon Professor G A Muscato Dr D C Chrysostomou Prof M F S Silva FRS 102 Independent examiner Small companies regime for accounts Full Charities SORP true false true true true false true false false 7 7 iso4217:GBPiso4217:USDiso4217:EURxbrli:sharesxbrli:pureutr:tonnesutr:kWh057300362022-12-31057300362023-12-31057300362023-01-012023-12-31057300362021-12-31057300362022-01-012022-12-31057300362022-12-3105730036ns0:CharitableCompanyLimitedByGuarantee2023-01-012023-12-3105730036ns15:PoundSterling2023-01-012023-12-3105730036ns0:Trustee22023-01-012023-12-3105730036ns0:Trustee12023-01-012023-12-3105730036ns0:Trustee32023-01-012023-12-3105730036ns0:Trustee42023-01-012023-12-3105730036ns0:Trustee52023-01-012023-12-3105730036ns0:Trustee62023-01-012023-12-3105730036ns0:Trustee72023-01-012023-12-3105730036ns0:Trustee82023-01-012023-12-3105730036ns11:FRS1022023-01-012023-12-3105730036ns11:IndependentExaminationCharity2023-01-012023-12-3105730036ns11:SmallCompaniesRegimeForAccounts2023-01-012023-12-3105730036ns11:FullAccounts2023-01-012023-12-3105730036ns11:CharitiesSORP2023-01-012023-12-310573003622023-01-012023-12-3105730036ns16:EnglandWales2023-01-012023-12-3105730036ns11:RegisteredOffice2023-01-012023-12-3105730036ns0:Activity82023-01-012023-12-3105730036ns0:Activity82022-01-012022-12-3105730036ns10:WithinOneYear2023-12-3105730036ns10:WithinOneYear2022-12-3105730036ns0:TotalUnrestrictedFunds2023-12-310573003612023-01-012023-12-3105730036ns10:ComputerEquipment2023-01-012023-12-310573003622023-01-012023-12-310573003632023-01-012023-12-3105730036ns10:ComputerEquipment2022-12-3105730036ns10:ComputerEquipment2023-12-3105730036ns10:ComputerEquipment2022-12-31
REGISTERED COMPANY NUMBER: 05730036 (England and Wales)
REGISTERED CHARITY NUMBER: 1146747









REPORT OF THE TRUSTEES AND

UNAUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023

FOR

CLAWAR ASSOCIATION LIMITED

CLAWAR ASSOCIATION LIMITED

CONTENTS OF THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023










Page

Report of the Trustees 1 to 7

Independent Examiner's Report 8

Statement of Financial Activities 9

Statement of Financial Position 10

Notes to the Financial Statements 11 to 15

CLAWAR ASSOCIATION LIMITED (REGISTERED NUMBER: 05730036)

REPORT OF THE TRUSTEES
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023



The trustees who are also directors of the charity for the purposes of the Companies Act 2006, present their report with the financial statements of the charity for the year ended 31 December 2023. The trustees have adopted the provisions of Accounting and Reporting by Charities: Statement of Recommended Practice applicable to charities preparing their accounts in accordance with the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102) (effective 1 January 2019).

OBJECTIVES AND ACTIVITIES
Objectives and aims
We are working with other bodies and organisations to improve linkages between different communities involved in the area of robotics (researchers, industry, end users, standardisation bodies and regulators) so that to inform the public of new developments in the evolving area of robotics and that new safety and other standards are created and published to allow the public to benefit from the new types of service robots designed to improve the quality of life of society as a whole as well as individuals.

Covid-19 impact: The Covid-19 pandemic has had a cultural impact in the sense that some participants of events tend not to attend in person and prefer virtual participation. As a result the number of in-person participation have been reduced in the organised events of the Association. The two main annual conferences of the Association during 2023, namely CLAWAR 2023 (due to be held in Brazil) and ICRES 2023 (held in the Netherlands) were organised in hybrid (virtual and physical) participation mode. Although virtual mode will allow participation from comfort of home/other environment and that people do not have to travel, but still participation in the conferences has not been to the level we experienced previously in physical participation mode. This will impact on the financial status of the Association as the income revenue is strongly reduced. Similarly, some meetings of the ISO/TC299 Working groups on robot standardisation had to be held virtually, and attendance in these e-meetings has also been low. This will impact on effective engagement with experts on robot standardisation.



CLAWAR ASSOCIATION LIMITED (REGISTERED NUMBER: 05730036)

REPORT OF THE TRUSTEES
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023


OBJECTIVES AND ACTIVITIES
Significant activities

1. M. Osman Tokhi - Trustee Report
As Trustee and Chair of CLAWAR Association I have been involved in several activities. These are as follows:
1) I have chaired the various meetings of the Management Team, and Board of Trustees meetings of the Association including meetings #23-1 (20 Feb 2023), #23-2 (03 April 2023), #23-3 (05 June 2023), #23-4 (07 August 2023), #23-5 (01 October 2023), #23-6 (04 December 2023).
2) I have led the UK robot ethics activities as part of the BSI AMT10/1 Sub-Committee on Ethics of Robots and Autonomous Systems, on development of ethical guidelines for design and deployment of robots. The revised version of the British Standard BS8611:2016 as part of the work of the committee was published in March 2023 as BS8611:2023.
3) I have had major involvement in organising and participating in several events. These include the following:
a) General co-Chair of ICRES 2023 conference, Utrecht, Netherlands, 17-18 July 2023 in hybrid mode.
b) General co-Chair of CLAWAR 2023 conference, Florianopolis, Brazil, 02-04 October 2023.
c) Member of programme/Advisory committee of several international conferences.
4) Major involvement in robot standardisation activities
a) Acted as chair of BSI AMT10/1 sub-committee on Ethics of Robots and Autonomous Systems
b) Exercised active role as member on BSI AMT10 - Robotics Committee.
c) ISO TC299/WG2 (Service robot safety). Chaired as convenor meetings #42 (01 February 2023), #43 (06 March 2023), #44 (03 April 2023), #45 (21-23 June 2023), #46 (24 July 2023), #47 (21 Aug 2023), #48 (13-15 Sept 2023), #49 (12 Oct 2023), #50 (26 Oct 2023), #51 (13 Nov 2023), #52 (28 Nov 2023) and #53 (11 Dec 2023) of the working group.
5) Further major activities have included
a) Keynote lectures at several international conferences.
b) Publication of research articles in journals and international conferences.
c) Research projects in the areas of robotics.
d) Acting as guest editor of special issues for two international journals, and member of editorial/advisory board of several international journals.
e) Acting as Editor-in-Chief of Journal of Low Frequency Noise, Vibration and Active Control.

2. Gurvinder S Virk - Trustee Report
As a member of the board of Trustees I have been involved in several activities within CLAWAR Association. These are as follows:
1) As the CLAWAR Treasurer I have managed the finances of the Association and am producing the information for the 2023 annual accounts for the accountants. The CLAWAR 2022 accounts were filed late, and we are preparing 2023 accounts much earlier so that we do not incur a late filing penalty as we did last year.
2) In addition, the CLAWAR bank balance has dropped below £10,000 and I have recently requested the Chair to convene a special Trustees' meeting to consider the financial situation and take remedial actions as felt necessary.
3) Participated in CLAWAR meetings whenever possible.
4) Participated in planning meetings for CLAWAR 2024.
5) Participated in ISO TC299/WG6 work on Modularity for service robots as project leader for the ISO 22166-402 standardisation project on Modularity for exoskeletons.
6) Continuing the work to revise IEC /TR 60601-4-1 as Convenor of ISO TC/299 and IEC SC 62A JWG9 Medical electrical equipment using robotic technology.
7) Participated in the IEC 60601 4th edition planning activities as Convenor of IECSC 62A JWG9 Medical electrical equipment using robotic technology
8) Participated in BSI AMT/10 and AMT10/1 E-Meetings for robot standardisation in UK.


CLAWAR ASSOCIATION LIMITED (REGISTERED NUMBER: 05730036)

REPORT OF THE TRUSTEES
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023


OBJECTIVES AND ACTIVITIES

3. Manuel Armada - Trustee Report
As a member of the board of Trustees I have been involved in several activities within CLAWAR Association. These are as follows:
1) I have participated in various meetings of the Management Team, and Board of Trustees meetings of the Association.
2) I have had major involvement in organising and participating in several events. These include the following:
a) Member of International Programme Committee for CLAWAR 2023 conference, which took place on Florianopolis, Brazil, 02-04 October 2023
b) Member of International Programme Committee for CLAWAR 2024 conference, which will take place on Kaiserslautern, Germany, 04-06 September 2024.
c) Reviewer for CLAWAR 2023.
3) Major involvement in Scientific Journals Committees:
a) Climbing and Walking robots Topic Editor for the International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems (SAGE).
b) Academic Editor for Applied Sciences (MDPI).
a) Appointed Member of the Honorary Editorial Advisory Board for The Industrial Robot. An International Journal (Emerald).
4) Further major activities have included:
a) Publication of research articles on robotics in journals and international conferences;
b) Getting funding for Research Projects in the area of precision agriculture robotics;
c) Reviewer of scientific publications in journals and international conferences.

4. Bryan Bridge - Trustee Report
My professional activities which have relevance to my position as a CLAWAR Trustee are as follows:
1) I have participated in most of the meetings of the Board of Trustees during the period. I have reviewed paper submissions to the CLAWAR 24 conference and reviewed the papers long listed for awards.
2) I attended the CLAWAR conference held in Florianopolis in early October 2023, Brazil funded by my own resources and chaired two plenary sessions there.
3) I continued to run my Own Name Company as Physics and Engineering Research Consultant and Writer. This activity helps me to contribute to CLAWAR by my keeping in close touch with the latest trends in the applications of Robotics and supporting technologies. Through my company, from 01 Jan-31 December, I have written 6 research proposals on: (1) Circular innovations for plastics. (2) Water treatment by novel combined free radical generation and ultraviolet radiation. (3) Prevention of invasive aquatic species, (4) Self-healing cybersystems design. (5) Cardiovascular healthcare optimisation. (6) Plant sourced engineering polymers for reduced energy consumption and emissions and improved recyclability. These have variously involved the supporting technologies of robotics, AI, IoT, materials physics, chemistry and engineering. The range of these topics indicate the increasingly interdisciplinary nature of new funded research, meaning that the proposals typically involved multiple partnerships (PI/Co-PIs). The funding instruments involved the UK EPSRC and NERC responsive calls and the EU pathfinder programme, early stage research (TRL1-5). Also I have edited and reviewed papers on 3D printing technology/additive manufacturing for submission to research journals. My clients consisted of a number of University Innovation centres collaborating with several private research companies.
4) CLAWAR joined the TWI TWIN network for SMEs for an experimental period of a year which expired early in this reporting year. The experiment was disappointing as there is no evidence, so far as I am aware, that any TWIN members have visited The CLAWAR web site or been delegates at the ICRES or CLAWAR conferences. So there are no plans for renewal.


CLAWAR ASSOCIATION LIMITED (REGISTERED NUMBER: 05730036)

REPORT OF THE TRUSTEES
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023


OBJECTIVES AND ACTIVITIES

5. Dimitris Chrysostomou - Trustee Report
As a member of the board of Trustees I have been involved in several activities within the Association over the period covered by this report. These are as follows:
1) I have been involved with the co-organization of the main conferences related with the research themes that the Association supports e.g., CLAWAR 2024 and ICRES 2024.
2) I have participated in numerous meetings of the Management and Trustee teams whenever was possible.
3) Further major activities have included
a) Publication of research articles in journals and international conferences.
b) Research projects in the areas of robotics and human-robot interaction.
c) Acting Editor-in-Chief of Industrial Robot: an International Journal by Emerald.
d) Acting as a member of editorial/advisory board of several international journals and conferences.
e) Head of the Steering Committee of Aalborg Robotics.
f) Member of the Granting board of Odense Robotics.
g) Co-chair of the Standardisation Topic Group of euRobotics.

6. Seungbin Moon - Trustee Report
As a member of the board of Trustees I have been involved in several activities, and these are as follows
1) Major involvement in organising and participating in several events; these are the following:
a) CLAWAR'23 Conference. Member of the International Advisory Committee
2) Major involvement in robot standardisation activities aimed at widening the application base of robotics for the public benefit. Details of the activities are the following:
a) ISO TC 299/WG 4 (Service robots). As a project leader, I have developed the FDIS draft of the revision of ISO 18646-2, Robotics - Performance criteria and related test methods for service robots - Part 2: Navigation.
b) ISO TC 299/WG 1 (Vocabulary and characteristics). As an expert, I have participated WG 1 meetings, 2023.

7. Giovanni Muscato - Trustee Report
As a member of the board of Trustees I have been involved in several activities within CLAWAR Association. These are as follows:
1) I have participated in various meetings of the Management Team, and Board of Trustees meetings of the Association.
2) I have had major involvement in organising and participating in several events. These include the following:
a) Member of International Programme Committee for CLAWAR 2023 conference, which took place on Florianopolis, Brazil, 02-04 October 2023.
b) Member of International Programme Committee for CLAWAR 2024 conference, which will take place on Kaiserslautern, Germany, 04-06 September 2024.
3) Major involvement in Scientific Journals Committees:
a) Executive advisory Board for the Journal of Intelligent and Robotic systems (Springer).
b) Academic Editor for Robotics (MDPI).
c) Editor for the Journal of Robotics (Hindawi).
d) Appointed Member of the Honorary Editorial Advisory Board for The Industrial Robot. An International Journal (Emerald).
4) Further major activities have included:
a) Publication of research articles on robotics in journals and international conferences.
b) Getting funding for Research Projects in the area of precision agriculture robotics.
c) Reviewer of scientific publications in journals and international conferences.


Public benefit
The Trustees confirm that they have paid due regard to the guidance issued by the Charity Commission on public benefit.


CLAWAR ASSOCIATION LIMITED (REGISTERED NUMBER: 05730036)

REPORT OF THE TRUSTEES
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023


FINANCIAL REVIEW
Our main funding source is income from registrations at the events being held as well as sponsorship from various organisations and the membership fees. These activities are regularly reviewed within the Management Team and the Trustees' meetings.

CLAWAR expenditure relates to operational costs, organisational costs for the events, and travel and subsistence costs of trustees and volunteers for participating in activities promoted by the charity. There is a formal process for claiming approved outlays via the completion and submission of the CLAWAR Expense Claim Form supported by receipts of the expenditure. The process has been reviewed and expenses claim form has been formally accepted by the Trustees. Currently CLAWAR does not incur any staff costs and all work is on a voluntary basis.

CLAWAR's activities are still evolving and have not yet reached their full potential. Resources are limited and the service which CLAWAR can provide is limited due to the dependency on volunteers; it is not possible to employ staff to provide a more professional service but it is hoped that this requires detailed planning and contingencies made to ensure insecurities over funding can be managed. As the charity is run on an annual calendar with the annual CLAWAR conference forming the main event (and income stream), it is important to be able to plan for 2-3 years of poor income, and reserves in excess of £100k are estimated to be needed to plan the future growth yet be able to handle poor attendance as different strategies are tested. This figure may evolve as we have not yet reached a steady state in this rapidly growing area.

Following concerns raised over the ongoing financial concern we have stopped awarding the travel costs of the trustees and other voluntary activities in 2024 and hence expenditure is at an absolute minimum and no events will be approved where CLAWAR has to take the financial risk. It was decided to combine the CLAWAR and ICRES annual conferences from 2025 if possible so that the financial risk could be further reduced. In addition we are also looking at diversifying the types of robotics-related activities we can organize and attracting more members.

This report has been prepared in accordance with the special provisions of Part 15 of the Companies Act 2006 relating to small companies.

STRUCTURE, GOVERNANCE AND MANAGEMENT
Governing document
CLAWAR Association Limited is a charitable company limited by guarantee, incorporated on 6 March 2006 and registered as a charity on 2 April 2012. The company was established under a Memorandum of Association which established the objects and powers of the charitable company and is governed under its Articles of Association. In the event of the company being wound up members are required to contribute an amount not exceeding £10.

Recruitment and appointment of new trustees
The directors of the company are also charity trustees for the purposes of charity law and under the company's Articles are known as members of the Board of Trustees. The members of the Board of Trustees are elected to serve for approximately three years and will retire in an agreed rotation.

The recruitment and appointment of trustees are covered in the Articles of Association.

Organisational structure
The trustees, Company Secretary and the Management Team have been continuing to develop procedures to enhance the functioning of the company whilst complying with the guidelines provided by the UK Charity Commission, for operating the company.

The trustees are responsible for the overall activities of CLAWAR Association Limited and have delegated the day to day running of the charity to the Chair of the Board of Trustees who operates CLAWAR via the Management Team.

All members of the Board of Trustees give their time voluntarily and receive no benefits from the charity. Any expenses reclaimed from the charity during the year are set out in the notes to the financial statements.

CLAWAR ASSOCIATION LIMITED (REGISTERED NUMBER: 05730036)

REPORT OF THE TRUSTEES
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023


STRUCTURE, GOVERNANCE AND MANAGEMENT
Risk management
The trustees have a duty to identify and review the risks to which the charity is exposed and to ensure appropriate controls are in place to provide reasonable assurance against fraud and error.

REFERENCE AND ADMINISTRATIVE DETAILS
Registered Company number
05730036 (England and Wales)

Registered Charity number
1146747

Registered office
First Floor North
40 Oxford Road
High Wycombe
Buckinghamshire
HP11 2EE

Trustees
Dr M O Tokhi Chair
Professor G S Virk Deputy Chair
Dr M Armada
Professor B Bridge
Professor S Moon
Professor G Muscato
Dr D C Chryostomou
Professor M F D S Silva (Appointed 25 July 2024)

Management team
Professor G S Virk
Dr M O Tokhi
Mr B Tranter
Dr Y Gatsoulis
Dr K Goher

Independent Examiner
Elizabeth Horton FCA FCCA
Seymour Taylor Limited
First Floor North
40 Oxford Road
High Wycombe
Buckinghamshire
HP11 2EE

Bankers
Barclays Bank Plc
1 Churchill Place
London
E14 5HP

Approved by order of the board of trustees on 23 September 2024 and signed on its behalf by:






CLAWAR ASSOCIATION LIMITED (REGISTERED NUMBER: 05730036)

REPORT OF THE TRUSTEES
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023


Professor M O Tokhi - Trustee

INDEPENDENT EXAMINER'S REPORT TO THE TRUSTEES OF
CLAWAR ASSOCIATION LIMITED


Independent examiner's report to the trustees of Clawar Association Limited ('the Company')
I report to the charity trustees on my examination of the accounts of the Company for the year ended 31 December 2023.

Responsibilities and basis of report
As the charity's trustees of the Company (and also its directors for the purposes of company law) you are responsible for the preparation of the accounts in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006 ('the 2006 Act').

Having satisfied myself that the accounts of the Company are not required to be audited under Part 16 of the 2006 Act and are eligible for independent examination, I report in respect of my examination of your charity's accounts as carried out under Section 145 of the Charities Act 2011 ('the 2011 Act'). In carrying out my examination I have followed the Directions given by the Charity Commission under Section 145(5) (b) of the 2011 Act.

Independent examiner's statement
I have completed my examination. I confirm that no matters have come to my attention in connection with the examination giving me cause to believe:

1. accounting records were not kept in respect of the Company as required by Section 386 of the 2006 Act; or
2. the accounts do not accord with those records; or
3. the accounts do not comply with the accounting requirements of Section 396 of the 2006 Act other than any requirement that the accounts give a true and fair view which is not a matter considered as part of an independent examination; or
4. the accounts have not been prepared in accordance with the methods and principles of the Statement of Recommended Practice for accounting and reporting by charities (applicable to charities preparing their accounts in accordance with the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102)).

I have no concerns and have come across no other matters in connection with the examination to which attention should be drawn in this report in order to enable a proper understanding of the accounts to be reached.








Elizabeth Horton FCA FCCA

Seymour Taylor Limited
First Floor North
40 Oxford Road
High Wycombe
Buckinghamshire
HP11 2EE

23 September 2024

CLAWAR ASSOCIATION LIMITED

STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL ACTIVITIES
(INCORPORATING AN INCOME AND EXPENDITURE ACCOUNT)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023

31.12.23 31.12.22
Unrestricted Total
fund funds
Notes £    £   
INCOME AND ENDOWMENTS FROM
Donations and legacies 29,668 22,131

Charitable activities
Education in the field of robotics - 152
Total 29,668 22,283

EXPENDITURE ON
Raising funds 29,189 16,877

Charitable activities
Education in the field of robotics 15,672 5,786
Total 44,861 22,663

NET INCOME/(EXPENDITURE) (15,193 ) (380 )


RECONCILIATION OF FUNDS
Total funds brought forward 20,260 20,640

TOTAL FUNDS CARRIED FORWARD 5,067 20,260

CONTINUING OPERATIONS
All income and expenditure has arisen from continuing activities.

CLAWAR ASSOCIATION LIMITED (REGISTERED NUMBER: 05730036)

STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION
31 DECEMBER 2023

31.12.23 31.12.22
Unrestricted Total
fund funds
Notes £    £   
CURRENT ASSETS
Cash at bank 7,647 22,780

CREDITORS
Amounts falling due within one year 6 (2,580 ) (2,520 )

NET CURRENT ASSETS 5,067 20,260

TOTAL ASSETS LESS CURRENT
LIABILITIES

5,067

20,260

NET ASSETS 5,067 20,260
FUNDS 7
Unrestricted funds 5,067 20,260
TOTAL FUNDS 5,067 20,260

The charitable company is entitled to exemption from audit under Section 477 of the Companies Act 2006 for the year ended 31 December 2023.


The members have not required the company to obtain an audit of its financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2023 in accordance with Section 476 of the Companies Act 2006.


The trustees acknowledge their responsibilities for
(a)ensuring that the charitable company keeps accounting records that comply with Sections 386 and 387 of the Companies Act 2006 and
(b)preparing financial statements which give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the charitable company as at the end of each financial year and of its surplus or deficit for each financial year in accordance with the requirements of Sections 394 and 395 and which otherwise comply with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006 relating to financial statements, so far as applicable to the charitable company.

These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the provisions applicable to charitable companies subject to the small companies regime.


The financial statements were approved by the Board of Trustees and authorised for issue on 23 September 2024 and were signed on its behalf by:





M O Tokhi - Trustee

CLAWAR ASSOCIATION LIMITED

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023


1. GENERAL INFORMATION

Clawar Association Limited is a charity limited by guarantee and incorporated in England and Wales. The charity's registered office is First Floor North, 40 Oxford Road, High Wycombe, Bucks, HP11 2EE. The principal place of business is Flat 50, Bruanston House, Hatton Road, Wembley, Middlesex, HA0 1RP. The registered number is 05730036 and the charity commission number is 1146747.

Clawar Association Limited principal activity is the advancement of education and science.

The presentation currency of these financial statements is Sterling (£), being the currency of the primary economic market in which the entity operates (its functional currency). All amounts in these financial statements have been rounded to the nearest pound unless stated otherwise.

The significant accounting policies applied in the preparation of these financial statements are set out below. These policies have been consistently applied to all years presented unless otherwise stated.

2. ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of preparing the financial statements
The financial statements of the charitable company, which is a public benefit entity under FRS 102, have been prepared in accordance with the Charities SORP (FRS 102) 'Accounting and Reporting by Charities: Statement of Recommended Practice applicable to charities preparing their accounts in accordance with the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102) (effective 1 January 2015)', Financial Reporting Standard 102 'The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102)(effective September 2015) and the Companies Act 2006. The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention.

Critical accounting judgements and key sources of estimation uncertainty
The preparation of the financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of revenue, expenses, assets and liabilities, and the disclosure of contingent liabilities at the date of the financial statements. If in the future such estimates and assumptions, which are based on the management's best judgment at the date of the financial statements, deviate from the actual circumstances, the original estimates and assumptions will be modified as appropriate in the year in which the circumstances change.

Income
All income is recognised in the Statement of Financial Activities once the charity has entitlement to the funds, it is probable that the income will be received and the amount can be measured reliably.

The following policies are applied to particular categories of income:

Voluntary income is received by way of sponsorship for events and is included in full in the Statement of Financial Activities when receivable.

Conference and registration fees for events are included in the year in which the events are held. Should fees be received in advance of the event, this income will be deferred until the event is held, likewise if an event has been held and there are unpaid fees, this income will be accrued as long as the amount can be quantified with reasonable accuracy.

Incoming resources from charitable activities, such as membership fees, are accounted for when earned.


CLAWAR ASSOCIATION LIMITED

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023


2. ACCOUNTING POLICIES - continued

Expenditure
Liabilities are recognised as expenditure as soon as there is a legal or constructive obligation committing the charity to that expenditure, it is probable that a transfer of economic benefits will be required in settlement and the amount of the obligation can be measured reliably. Expenditure is accounted for on an accruals basis and has been classified under headings that aggregate all cost related to the category. Where costs cannot be directly attributed to particular headings they have been allocated to activities on a basis consistent with the use of resources.

Tangible fixed assets
Depreciation is provided at the following annual rates in order to write off each asset over its estimated useful life.


Computer equipment - straight line - 20%

Fixed assets are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. The costs of minor additions are those costing below £500 and are not capitalised. Depreciation is provided at rates calculated to write off the costs of each asset over its expected useful life, which in all cases is estimated at 5 years. Impairment reviews are carried out as and when evidence comes to light that the recoverable amount of a functional fixed asset is below its net book value due to damage, obsolescence or other relevant factors.

Taxation
The charity is exempt from corporation tax on its charitable activities.

Fund accounting
Unrestricted funds can be used in accordance with the charitable objectives at the discretion of the trustees.

Restricted funds can only be used for particular restricted purposes within the objects of the charity. Restrictions arise when specified by the donor or when funds are raised for particular restricted purposes.

Foreign currencies
Assets and liabilities in foreign currencies are translated into sterling at the rates of exchange ruling at the statement of financial position date. Transactions in foreign currencies are translated into sterling at the rate of exchange ruling at the date of transaction. Exchange differences are taken into account in arriving at the operating result.

Financial instruments
The charity has applied the provisions of Section 11 "Basic Financial Instruments" and Section 12 "Other Financial Instrument Issues" of FRS 102 (effective September 2015) to its financial statements.

Financial instruments are classified and accounted for, according to the substance of the contractual arrangement, as either financial assets, financial liabilities or equity instruments. An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of the company after deducting all of its liabilities.


CLAWAR ASSOCIATION LIMITED

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023


3. NET INCOME/(EXPENDITURE)

Net income/(expenditure) is stated after charging/(crediting):

31.12.23 31.12.22
£    £   
Independent examination 2,520 2,520

4. TRUSTEES' REMUNERATION AND BENEFITS

There were no trustees' remuneration or other benefits for the year ended 31 December 2023 nor for the year ended 31 December 2022.


Trustees' expenses

Travel and subsistence costs of £10,807 (2022 - £1,290), office expense £687 (2022 - £579), other costs of £1,244 (2022 - £nil) and event items £nil (2022 - £653) were reimbursed to 2 (2021 - 2) of the trustees.

5. TANGIBLE FIXED ASSETS
Computer
equipment
£   
COST
At 1 January 2023 766
Disposals (766 )
At 31 December 2023 -
DEPRECIATION
At 1 January 2023 766
Eliminated on disposal (766 )
At 31 December 2023 -
NET BOOK VALUE
At 31 December 2023 -
At 31 December 2022 -


CLAWAR ASSOCIATION LIMITED

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023


6. CREDITORS: AMOUNTS FALLING DUE WITHIN ONE YEAR
31.12.23 31.12.22
£    £   
Accruals and deferred income 2,580 2,520

7. MOVEMENT IN FUNDS
Net
movement At
At 1.1.23 in funds 31.12.23
£    £    £   
Unrestricted funds
General fund 20,260 (15,193 ) 5,067

TOTAL FUNDS 20,260 (15,193 ) 5,067

Net movement in funds, included in the above are as follows:

Incoming Resources Movement
resources expended in funds
£    £    £   
Unrestricted funds
General fund 29,668 (44,861 ) (15,193 )

TOTAL FUNDS 29,668 (44,861 ) (15,193 )


Comparatives for movement in funds

Net
movement At
At 1.1.22 in funds 31.12.22
£    £    £   
Unrestricted funds
General fund 20,640 (380 ) 20,260

TOTAL FUNDS 20,640 (380 ) 20,260

Comparative net movement in funds, included in the above are as follows:

Incoming Resources Movement
resources expended in funds
£    £    £   
Unrestricted funds
General fund 22,283 (22,663 ) (380 )

TOTAL FUNDS 22,283 (22,663 ) (380 )

CLAWAR ASSOCIATION LIMITED

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023


8. RELATED PARTY DISCLOSURES

There were no related party transactions for the year ended 31 December 2023 (2022: none).

9. ULTIMATE CONTROLLING PARTY

The charity is controlled by the board of trustees collectively.

10. COMPANY LIMITED BY GUARANTEE

The liability of the members in the event of a winding up is limited to £10 per member.