IRIS Accounts Production v24.3.0.553 03221176 Board of Directors 1.1.23 31.12.23 31.12.23 5 5 false true true false false false true false Ordinary 1.00000 iso4217:GBPiso4217:USDiso4217:EURxbrli:sharesxbrli:pureutr:tonnesutr:kWh032211762022-12-31032211762023-12-31032211762023-01-012023-12-31032211762021-12-31032211762022-01-012022-12-31032211762022-12-3103221176ns15:EnglandWales2023-01-012023-12-3103221176ns14:PoundSterling2023-01-012023-12-3103221176ns10:Director12023-01-012023-12-3103221176ns10:PrivateLimitedCompanyLtd2023-01-012023-12-3103221176ns10:FRS1022023-01-012023-12-3103221176ns10:Audited2023-01-012023-12-3103221176ns10:LargeMedium-sizedCompaniesRegimeForDirectorsReport2023-01-012023-12-3103221176ns10:LargeMedium-sizedCompaniesRegimeForAccounts2023-01-012023-12-3103221176ns10:FullAccounts2023-01-012023-12-310322117612023-01-012023-12-3103221176ns10:OrdinaryShareClass12023-01-012023-12-3103221176ns10:Director32023-01-012023-12-3103221176ns10:CompanySecretary12023-01-012023-12-3103221176ns10:RegisteredOffice2023-01-012023-12-3103221176ns10:Director22023-01-012023-12-3103221176ns5:CurrentFinancialInstruments2023-12-3103221176ns5:CurrentFinancialInstruments2022-12-3103221176ns5:ShareCapital2023-12-3103221176ns5:ShareCapital2022-12-3103221176ns5:RetainedEarningsAccumulatedLosses2023-12-3103221176ns5:RetainedEarningsAccumulatedLosses2022-12-3103221176ns5:ShareCapital2021-12-3103221176ns5:RetainedEarningsAccumulatedLosses2021-12-3103221176ns5:RetainedEarningsAccumulatedLosses2022-01-012022-12-3103221176ns5:RetainedEarningsAccumulatedLosses2023-01-012023-12-3103221176ns5:OwnedAssets2023-01-012023-12-3103221176ns5:OwnedAssets2022-01-012022-12-3103221176ns5:DevelopmentCostsCapitalisedDevelopmentExpenditure2023-01-012023-12-3103221176ns5:DevelopmentCostsCapitalisedDevelopmentExpenditure2022-01-012022-12-3103221176ns10:OrdinaryShareClass12022-01-012022-12-3103221176ns5:DevelopmentCostsCapitalisedDevelopmentExpenditure2022-12-3103221176ns5:DevelopmentCostsCapitalisedDevelopmentExpenditure2023-12-3103221176ns5:DevelopmentCostsCapitalisedDevelopmentExpenditure2022-12-3103221176ns5:PlantMachinery2022-12-3103221176ns5:FurnitureFittings2022-12-3103221176ns5:PlantMachinery2023-01-012023-12-3103221176ns5:FurnitureFittings2023-01-012023-12-3103221176ns5:PlantMachinery2023-12-3103221176ns5:FurnitureFittings2023-12-3103221176ns5:PlantMachinery2022-12-3103221176ns5:FurnitureFittings2022-12-3103221176ns5:CurrentFinancialInstrumentsns5:WithinOneYear2023-12-3103221176ns5:CurrentFinancialInstrumentsns5:WithinOneYear2022-12-3103221176ns5:CurrentFinancialInstruments2023-01-012023-12-3103221176ns5:DeferredTaxation2022-12-3103221176ns5:DeferredTaxation2023-12-3103221176ns10:OrdinaryShareClass12023-12-3103221176ns5:RetainedEarningsAccumulatedLosses2022-12-31
REGISTERED NUMBER: 03221176 (England and Wales)















REPORT OF THE DIRECTORS AND

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023

FOR

FIRESPRAY INTERNATIONAL LTD

FIRESPRAY INTERNATIONAL LTD (REGISTERED NUMBER: 03221176)






CONTENTS OF THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023




Page

Company Information 1

Report of the Directors 2

Report of the Independent Auditors 4

Income Statement 8

Other Comprehensive Income 9

Balance Sheet 10

Statement of Changes in Equity 11

Cash Flow Statement 12

Notes to the Cash Flow Statement 13

Notes to the Financial Statements 14


FIRESPRAY INTERNATIONAL LTD

COMPANY INFORMATION
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023







DIRECTORS: P Daeseleire
T Van Gyseghem





SECRETARY: T Van Gyseghem





REGISTERED OFFICE: Railview Lofts
19c Commercial Road
Eastbourne
East Sussex
BN21 3XE





REGISTERED NUMBER: 03221176 (England and Wales)





AUDITORS: LMDB Limited
t/a LMDB Accountants
Statutory Auditors
Railview Lofts
19c Commercial Road
Eastbourne
East Sussex
BN21 3XE

FIRESPRAY INTERNATIONAL LTD (REGISTERED NUMBER: 03221176)

REPORT OF THE DIRECTORS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023

The directors present their report with the financial statements of the company for the year ended 31 December 2023.

PRINCIPAL ACTIVITY
The principal activity of the company in the year under review was that of the development and marketing of fire protection products worldwide incorporating passive fire protection of ductwork and allied systems, including research and development into new technology.

DIVIDENDS
No dividends will be distributed for the year ended 31 December 2023.

DIRECTORS
P Daeseleire has held office during the whole of the period from 1 January 2023 to the date of this report.

Other changes in directors holding office are as follows:

H F Wong FCA - resigned 17 February 2023
T Van Gyseghem - appointed 17 February 2023

STATEMENT OF DIRECTORS' RESPONSIBILITIES
The directors are responsible for preparing the Report of the Directors and the financial statements in accordance with applicable law and regulations.

Company law requires the directors to prepare financial statements for each financial year. Under that law the directors have elected to prepare the financial statements in accordance with United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice (United Kingdom Accounting Standards and applicable law). Under company law the directors must not approve the financial statements unless they are satisfied that they give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the company and of the profit or loss of the company for that period. In preparing these financial statements, the directors are required to:

-select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently;
-make judgements and accounting estimates that are reasonable and prudent;
-state whether applicable accounting standards have been followed, subject to any material departures disclosed
and explained in the financial statements;
-prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that the company will continue in business.

The directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that are sufficient to show and explain the company's transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the company and enable them to ensure that the financial statements comply with the Companies Act 2006. They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the company and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities.

FIRESPRAY INTERNATIONAL LTD (REGISTERED NUMBER: 03221176)

REPORT OF THE DIRECTORS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023


STATEMENT AS TO DISCLOSURE OF INFORMATION TO AUDITORS
So far as the directors are aware, there is no relevant audit information (as defined by Section 418 of the Companies Act 2006) of which the company's auditors are unaware, and each director has taken all the steps that he ought to have taken as a director in order to make himself aware of any relevant audit information and to establish that the company's auditors are aware of that information.

AUDITORS
The auditors, LMDB Limited, will be proposed for re-appointment at the forthcoming Annual General Meeting.

This report has been prepared in accordance with the provisions of Part 15 of the Companies Act 2006 relating to small companies.

ON BEHALF OF THE BOARD:





T Van Gyseghem - Director


14 October 2024

REPORT OF THE INDEPENDENT AUDITORS TO THE MEMBERS OF
FIRESPRAY INTERNATIONAL LTD

Opinion
We have audited the financial statements of Firespray International Ltd (the 'company') for the year ended 31 December 2023 which comprise the Income Statement, Other Comprehensive Income, Balance Sheet, Statement of Changes in Equity, Cash Flow Statement and Notes to the Cash Flow Statement, Notes to the Financial Statements, including a summary of significant accounting policies. The financial reporting framework that has been applied in their preparation is applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards, including Financial Reporting Standard 102 'The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland' (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice).
_
In our opinion the financial statements:
-give a true and fair view of the state of the company's affairs as at 31 December 2023 and of its profit for the year then ended;
-have been properly prepared in accordance with United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice; and
-have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006.

Basis for opinion
We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and applicable law. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditors' responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements section of our report. We are independent of the company in accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in the UK, including the FRC's Ethical Standard, and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.

Conclusions relating to going concern
In auditing the financial statements, we have concluded that the directors' use of the going concern basis of accounting in the preparation of the financial statements is appropriate.

Based on the work we have performed, we have not identified any material uncertainties relating to events or conditions that, individually or collectively, may cast significant doubt on the company's ability to continue as a going concern for a period of at least twelve months from when the financial statements are authorised for issue.

Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of the directors with respect to going concern are described in the relevant sections of this report.

Other information
The directors are responsible for the other information. The other information comprises the information in the Report of the Directors, but does not include the financial statements and our Report of the Auditors thereon.

Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and, except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in our report, we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon.

In connection with our audit of the financial statements, our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the audit or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If we identify such material inconsistencies or apparent material misstatements, we are required to determine whether this gives rise to a material misstatement in the financial statements themselves. If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact. We have nothing to report in this regard.

REPORT OF THE INDEPENDENT AUDITORS TO THE MEMBERS OF
FIRESPRAY INTERNATIONAL LTD


Opinions on other matters prescribed by the Companies Act 2006
In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of the audit:
- the information given in the Report of the Directors for the financial year for which the financial statements are prepared is consistent with the financial statements; and
- the Report of the Directors has been prepared in accordance with applicable legal requirements.

Matters on which we are required to report by exception
In the light of the knowledge and understanding of the company and its environment obtained in the course of the audit, we have not identified material misstatements in the Report of the Directors.

We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters where the Companies Act 2006 requires us to report to you if, in our opinion:
- adequate accounting records have not been kept, or returns adequate for our audit have not been received from branches not visited by us; or
- the financial statements are not in agreement with the accounting records and returns; or
- certain disclosures of directors' remuneration specified by law are not made; or
- we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit.

Responsibilities of directors
As explained more fully in the Statement of Directors' Responsibilities, the directors are responsible for the preparation of the financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair view, and for such internal control as the directors determine necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.

In preparing the financial statements, the directors are responsible for assessing the company's ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the directors either intend to liquidate the company or to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so.

REPORT OF THE INDEPENDENT AUDITORS TO THE MEMBERS OF
FIRESPRAY INTERNATIONAL LTD


Auditors' responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue a Report of the Auditors that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements.

- Enquiry of management and those charged with governance on the actual and potential litigation and claims, and also any instances of non-compliance with laws and regulations.
- Reviewing financial statement disclosures and testing to supporting documentation to assess compliance with applicable laws and regulations.
- Auditing the risk of management override of controls, including through testing journal entries and other adjustments for appropriateness; assessing whether the judgements made in making accounting estimates are indicative of a potential bias; and evaluating the business rationale of any significant transactions that are unusual or outside the normal course of business.
- Performing analytical procedures to identify any unusual or unexpected relationships that may indicate risks of material misstatement due to fraud.
- Professional scepticism in the course of the audit and with audit sampling in material audit areas.

Because of the inherent limitations of an audit, there is a risk that we will not detect all irregularities, including those leading to a material misstatement in the financial statements or non-compliance with regulation. This risk increases the more that compliance with a law or regulation is removed from the events and transactions reflected in the financial statements, as we will be less likely to become aware of instances of non-compliance. The risk is also greater regarding irregularities occurring due to fraud rather than error, as fraud involves intentional concealment, forgery, collusion, omission or misrepresentation.

A further description of our responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements is located on the Financial Reporting Council's website at www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities. This description forms part of our Report of the Auditors.

REPORT OF THE INDEPENDENT AUDITORS TO THE MEMBERS OF
FIRESPRAY INTERNATIONAL LTD


Use of our report
This report is made solely to the company's members, as a body, in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of the Companies Act 2006. Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the company's members those matters we are required to state to them in a Report of the Auditors and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other than the company and the company's members as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we have formed.




Mr Stuart Andrew Murray FCCA (Senior Statutory Auditor)
for and on behalf of LMDB Limited
t/a LMDB Accountants
Statutory Auditors
Railview Lofts
19c Commercial Road
Eastbourne
East Sussex
BN21 3XE

23 October 2024

FIRESPRAY INTERNATIONAL LTD (REGISTERED NUMBER: 03221176)

INCOME STATEMENT
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023

2023 2022
Notes £    £   

TURNOVER 3 2,922,348 2,433,510

Cost of sales 1,277,003 1,122,564
GROSS PROFIT 1,645,345 1,310,946

Administrative expenses 1,092,229 1,150,342
553,116 160,604

Other operating income 18,866 54,162
OPERATING PROFIT 5 571,982 214,766

Interest receivable and similar income 6,729 -
578,711 214,766

Interest payable and similar expenses 6 2 -
PROFIT BEFORE TAXATION 578,709 214,766

Tax on profit 7 135,384 (134,960 )
PROFIT FOR THE FINANCIAL YEAR 443,325 349,726

FIRESPRAY INTERNATIONAL LTD (REGISTERED NUMBER: 03221176)

OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023

2023 2022
Notes £    £   

PROFIT FOR THE YEAR 443,325 349,726


OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME - -
TOTAL COMPREHENSIVE INCOME FOR THE
YEAR

443,325

349,726

FIRESPRAY INTERNATIONAL LTD (REGISTERED NUMBER: 03221176)

BALANCE SHEET
31 DECEMBER 2023

2023 2022
Notes £    £    £    £   
FIXED ASSETS
Intangible assets 9 329,318 364,209
Tangible assets 10 4,374 7,365
333,692 371,574

CURRENT ASSETS
Stocks 11 108,379 241,757
Debtors 12 1,070,209 944,278
Cash at bank 1,283,831 690,457
2,462,419 1,876,492
CREDITORS
Amounts falling due within one year 13 462,680 343,371
NET CURRENT ASSETS 1,999,739 1,533,121
TOTAL ASSETS LESS CURRENT LIABILITIES 2,333,431 1,904,695

PROVISIONS FOR LIABILITIES 14 70,412 85,001
NET ASSETS 2,263,019 1,819,694

CAPITAL AND RESERVES
Called up share capital 15 2 2
Retained earnings 16 2,263,017 1,819,692
SHAREHOLDERS' FUNDS 2,263,019 1,819,694

The financial statements were approved by the Board of Directors and authorised for issue on 14 October 2024 and were signed on its behalf by:





T Van Gyseghem - Director


FIRESPRAY INTERNATIONAL LTD (REGISTERED NUMBER: 03221176)

STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023

Called up
share Retained Total
capital earnings equity
£    £    £   
Balance at 1 January 2022 2 2,469,966 2,469,968

Changes in equity
Dividends - (1,000,000 ) (1,000,000 )
Total comprehensive income - 349,726 349,726
Balance at 31 December 2022 2 1,819,692 1,819,694

Changes in equity
Total comprehensive income - 443,325 443,325
Balance at 31 December 2023 2 2,263,017 2,263,019

FIRESPRAY INTERNATIONAL LTD (REGISTERED NUMBER: 03221176)

CASH FLOW STATEMENT
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023

2023 2022
Notes £    £   
Cash flows from operating activities
Cash generated from operations 1 469,297 255,274
Interest paid (2 ) -
Tax paid 198,867 (78,891 )
Net cash from operating activities 668,162 176,383

Cash flows from investing activities
Purchase of intangible fixed assets (81,517 ) (166,594 )
Purchase of tangible fixed assets - (5,336 )
Interest received 6,729 -
Net cash from investing activities (74,788 ) (171,930 )

Cash flows from financing activities
Equity dividends paid - (1,000,000 )
Net cash from financing activities - (1,000,000 )

Increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 593,374 (995,547 )
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of
year

2

690,457

1,686,004

Cash and cash equivalents at end of year 2 1,283,831 690,457

FIRESPRAY INTERNATIONAL LTD (REGISTERED NUMBER: 03221176)

NOTES TO THE CASH FLOW STATEMENT
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023

1. RECONCILIATION OF PROFIT BEFORE TAXATION TO CASH GENERATED FROM OPERATIONS

2023 2022
£    £   
Profit before taxation 578,709 214,766
Depreciation charges 119,400 126,726
Finance costs 2 -
Finance income (6,729 ) -
691,382 341,492
Decrease/(increase) in stocks 133,378 (141,211 )
Increase in trade and other debtors (394,049 ) (22,515 )
Increase in trade and other creditors 38,586 77,508
Cash generated from operations 469,297 255,274

2. CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

The amounts disclosed on the Cash Flow Statement in respect of cash and cash equivalents are in respect of these Balance Sheet amounts:

Year ended 31 December 2023
31.12.23 1.1.23
£    £   
Cash and cash equivalents 1,283,831 690,457
Year ended 31 December 2022
31.12.22 1.1.22
£    £   
Cash and cash equivalents 690,457 1,686,004


3. ANALYSIS OF CHANGES IN NET FUNDS

At 1.1.23 Cash flow At 31.12.23
£    £    £   
Net cash
Cash at bank 690,457 593,374 1,283,831
690,457 593,374 1,283,831
Total 690,457 593,374 1,283,831

FIRESPRAY INTERNATIONAL LTD (REGISTERED NUMBER: 03221176)

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023

1. STATUTORY INFORMATION

Firespray International Ltd is a private company, limited by shares , registered in England and Wales. The company's registered number and registered office address can be found on the Company Information page.

2. ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of preparing the financial statements
These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with Financial Reporting Standard 102 "The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland" and the Companies Act 2006. The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention.

The financial statements are presented in Sterling (£).

Related party exemption
The company has taken advantage of exemption, under the terms of Financial Reporting Standard 102 'The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland', not to disclose related party transactions with wholly owned subsidiaries within the group.

Significant judgements and estimates
In the application of the company's accounting policies, the directors are required to make judgements, estimates and assumptions about the carrying amount of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. The estimates and associated assumptions are based on historical experience and other factors that are considered to be relevant. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised in the period in which the estimate is revised where the revision affects only that period, or in the period of the revision and future periods where the revision affects both current and future periods.

Estimated useful life of Development Costs
Development costs are written off evenly over their estimated useful economic life of 5 years. There is uncertainty surrounding the length of the useful economic life relating to development costs. To mitigate the level of uncertainty in this area, the directors undertake an impairment review annually as a minimum and where an impairment is identified a corresponding entry is made into the financial statements.

At the end of the reporting period development costs had a carrying value of £329,318 (2022: £364,209).

Turnover
Turnover represents the amounts derived from the provision of goods to customers, excluding value added tax and discounts.

Turnover from the sale of goods is recognised when the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the goods has transferred to the buyer. This is usually at the point that the customer has signed for the delivery of the goods.

FIRESPRAY INTERNATIONAL LTD (REGISTERED NUMBER: 03221176)

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023

2. ACCOUNTING POLICIES - continued

Tangible fixed assets
Depreciation is provided by the company to write off the cost less the estimated residual value of tangible fixed assets, by equal instalments over their estimated useful lives at the following rates:

Office equipment 3 to 10 years
Laboratory equipment 7 years

Stocks
Stocks are stated at the lower of cost and net realisable value. Cost is determined on a first in first out basis.

Financial instruments
Non-derivative financial instruments comprise of trade and other receivables, cash and cash equivalents, loans and borrowings and trade and other payables.

A financial instrument is recognised if the company becomes party to the contractual provisions of the instrument. Financial instruments are de-recognised if the company's contractual rights to the cash flows from the financial asset expire. Financial liabilities are derecognised if the company's obligations specified in the contract expire or are discharged or cancelled.

Taxation
Current tax is recognised for the amount of corporation tax payable in respect of the taxable profit for the current or past reporting periods using the tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the reporting date.

Deferred tax is recognised on all timing differences where the transactions or events that give the company an obligation to pay more tax in the future, or a right to pay less tax in the future, have occurred by the balance sheet date. Deferred tax assets are recognised when it is more likely than not that they will be recovered.

Deferred tax is calculated using the tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the reporting date that are expected to apply to the reversal of the timing difference.

Deferred tax is measured on an undiscounted basis at the tax rates that are expected to apply in periods in which the timing differences reverse, based on the tax rates and laws enacted or substantively enacted at the balance sheet date.

Research and development
Research expenditure is charged to the profit and loss account in the period in which it is incurred. Development costs incurred on specific projects are capitalised when recoverability can be assessed with reasonable certainty and are amortised in line with the expected use arising from the projects, being 5 years. All other development costs are written off in the period of expenditure.

FIRESPRAY INTERNATIONAL LTD (REGISTERED NUMBER: 03221176)

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023

2. ACCOUNTING POLICIES - continued

Foreign currencies
Transactions in foreign currencies are translated at the exchange rate ruling at the date of the transaction. Monetary assets and liabilities in foreign currencies are translated at the rates of exchange ruling at the balance sheet date. Exchange differences are dealt with through the profit and loss account.

Pension costs and other post-retirement benefits
The company is a member of a group which operates a pension scheme providing benefits based on final pensionable pay. The assets of the scheme are held separately from those of the group. Contributions to the scheme are charged to the profit and loss account so as to spread the cost of pensions over employees' working lives with the group.

The group also operates an auto enrolment pension scheme and a group personal pension scheme. The assets of the schemes are held separately from those of the group in independently administered funds. The amount charged against profits represent the contributions payable to the schemes in respect of the accounting period.

Debtors
Short term debtors are measured at transaction price, less any impairment. Loans receivable are measured initially at fair value, net of transaction costs, and are measured subsequently at amortised cost using the effective interest method, less any impairment.

Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash in hand and on-demand deposits. Bank overdrafts are shown within Creditors: amounts falling within one year in the Statement of Financial Position.

Creditors
Short term trade creditors are measured at transaction price. Other financial liabilities, including bank loans, are measured initially at fair value, net of transaction costs, and are measured subsequently at amortised cost.

3. TURNOVER

The turnover and profit before taxation are attributable to the one principal activity of the company.

The directors consider it would be prejudicial to the company to disclose the geographical split of turnover and as such have omitted this information from the financial statements.

FIRESPRAY INTERNATIONAL LTD (REGISTERED NUMBER: 03221176)

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023

4. EMPLOYEES AND DIRECTORS

20232022
££
Wages and salaries227,069268,719
Social security costs23,29930,387
Other pension costs4,9395,289
255,307304,395

The average number of employees during the year was as follows:
20232022
££
Wages and salaries55

2023 2022
£    £   
Directors' remuneration - -

5. OPERATING PROFIT

The operating profit is stated after charging/(crediting):

2023 2022
£    £   
Depreciation - owned assets 2,991 4,358
Development costs amortisation 116,408 122,368
Auditors' remuneration 6,750 6,500
Taxation compliance services 4,791 2,304
Taxation advisory services 987 1,193
Other non- audit services 3,600 3,645
Foreign exchange differences 5,966 (7,677 )

6. INTEREST PAYABLE AND SIMILAR EXPENSES
2023 2022
£    £   
Bank interest 2 -

FIRESPRAY INTERNATIONAL LTD (REGISTERED NUMBER: 03221176)

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023

7. TAXATION

Analysis of the tax charge/(credit)
The tax charge/(credit) on the profit for the year was as follows:
2023 2022
£    £   
Current tax:
UK corporation tax 149,973 (159,546 )

Deferred tax (14,589 ) 24,586
Tax on profit 135,384 (134,960 )

Reconciliation of total tax charge/(credit) included in profit and loss
The tax assessed for the year is lower than the standard rate of corporation tax in the UK. The difference is explained below:

2023 2022
£    £   
Profit before tax 578,709 214,766
Profit multiplied by the standard rate of corporation tax in the UK of
23.521% (2022 - 19%)

136,118

40,806

Effects of:
Expenses not deductible for tax purposes 132 96
Tax adjustment in respect of enhanced expenditure (866 ) (416 )
Tax adjustment in respect of enhanced expenditure - prior periods - (195,846 )
Change in tax rate for deferred taxation - 20,400
Total tax charge/(credit) 135,384 (134,960 )

8. DIVIDENDS
2023 2022
£    £   
Ordinary shares of £1 each
Interim - 1,000,000

FIRESPRAY INTERNATIONAL LTD (REGISTERED NUMBER: 03221176)

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023

9. INTANGIBLE FIXED ASSETS
Development
costs
£   
COST
At 1 January 2023 620,881
Additions 81,517
At 31 December 2023 702,398
AMORTISATION
At 1 January 2023 256,672
Amortisation for year 116,408
At 31 December 2023 373,080
NET BOOK VALUE
At 31 December 2023 329,318
At 31 December 2022 364,209

European law dictates that since 2013 all fire rated duct and dampers must be tested to a new European standard (EN1366). The cost of testing to that standard is being capitalised and amortised over 5 years against the future economic benefits.

10. TANGIBLE FIXED ASSETS
Fixtures
Plant and and
machinery fittings Totals
£    £    £   
COST
At 1 January 2023
and 31 December 2023 31,284 30,587 61,871
DEPRECIATION
At 1 January 2023 31,284 23,222 54,506
Charge for year - 2,991 2,991
At 31 December 2023 31,284 26,213 57,497
NET BOOK VALUE
At 31 December 2023 - 4,374 4,374
At 31 December 2022 - 7,365 7,365

FIRESPRAY INTERNATIONAL LTD (REGISTERED NUMBER: 03221176)

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023

11. STOCKS
2023 2022
£    £   
Raw materials 43,005 74,760
Finished goods 65,374 166,997
108,379 241,757

Stock recognised in cost of sales during the year as an expense was £1,277,833 (2022: £1,123,394).

No impairment losses (2022 Nil) were recognised in cost of sales against stock during the year in respect of slow-moving and obsolete stock.

12. DEBTORS: AMOUNTS FALLING DUE WITHIN ONE YEAR
2023 2022
£    £   
Trade debtors 965,223 639,969
Other debtors 6,253 -
Tax - 268,117
VAT 17,764 1,252
Prepayments 80,969 34,940
1,070,209 944,278

13. CREDITORS: AMOUNTS FALLING DUE WITHIN ONE YEAR
2023 2022
£    £   
Trade creditors 219,209 132,287
Tax 80,723 -
Social security and other taxes 859 1,072
Other creditors 1,941 -
Accruals & deferred income 159,948 210,012
462,680 343,371

Other creditors include £nil (2022: £nil) due in respect of pension contributions. The amount of contributions included therein in relation to directors is £nil (2022: £nil).

14. PROVISIONS FOR LIABILITIES
2023 2022
£    £   
Deferred tax 70,412 85,001

FIRESPRAY INTERNATIONAL LTD (REGISTERED NUMBER: 03221176)

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2023

14. PROVISIONS FOR LIABILITIES - continued

Deferred
tax
£   
Balance at 1 January 2023 85,001
Accelerated capital allowances (14,589 )
Balance at 31 December 2023 70,412

15. CALLED UP SHARE CAPITAL

Allotted, issued and fully paid:
Number: Class: Nominal 2023 2022
value: £    £   
2 Ordinary £1 2 2

All shares carry full voting rights, full rights to distribution of dividends and full rights to the repayment of capital.

16. RESERVES
Retained
earnings
£   

At 1 January 2023 1,819,692
Profit for the year 443,325
At 31 December 2023 2,263,017

17. ULTIMATE PARENT COMPANY

Straco BV (incorporated in Belgium) is regarded by the directors as being the company's ultimate parent company and the ultimate controlling party during the period.