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REGISTERED NUMBER: 00852576 (England and Wales)












STRATEGIC REPORT, DIRECTOR'S REPORT AND

AUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 OCTOBER 2024

FOR

SPAW ENGINEERING LIMITED

SPAW ENGINEERING LIMITED (REGISTERED NUMBER: 00852576)

CONTENTS OF THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
for the year ended 31 October 2024










Page

Company Information 1

Strategic Report 2

Director's Report 3

Report of the Independent Auditors 4

Statement of Comprehensive Income 6

Balance Sheet 7

Statement of Changes in Equity 8

Cash Flow Statement 9

Notes to the Cash Flow Statement 10

Notes to the Financial Statements 11


SPAW ENGINEERING LIMITED

COMPANY INFORMATION
for the year ended 31 October 2024







DIRECTOR: C R F Shield





SECRETARY: C R F Shield





REGISTERED OFFICE: 365 Fosse Way
Syston
Leicester
Leicestershire
LE7 1NL





REGISTERED NUMBER: 00852576 (England and Wales)





AUDITORS: Magma Audit LLP (part of the Dains Group)
Chartered Accountants
Statutory Auditor
Unit 2, Charnwood Edge Business Park
Syston Road
Leicestershire
LE7 4UZ

SPAW ENGINEERING LIMITED (REGISTERED NUMBER: 00852576)

STRATEGIC REPORT
for the year ended 31 October 2024


The director presents his strategic report for the year ended 31 October 2024.

REVIEW OF BUSINESS
The business has performed reasonably satisfactorily in this period, despite some supply chain issues and reduced customer demand. Since the previous year customer volumes have generally softened in line with the global economy, high global inventories and interest rate increases. These various effects have impacted profitability significantly for reasons outside of our control. Despite this the business has kept a tight control of costs throughout this period and the Directors are pleased to report good levels of operational performance. Moving into 2025 customer volumes are showing a recovery which should allow the business to improve its performance.

The business has made a variety of investments in the year to replace older equipment with newer, more efficient equipment, to reduce costs and energy usage.

PRINCIPAL RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES
The key risks and uncertainties affecting the company are considered to relate to competition from overseas suppliers, global demand for our customer products and energy/raw material costs. The company is well positioned with a capable supply chain, strong workforce and management team and healthy reserves to meet these challenges allowing continuing investment into the future.

FINANCIAL KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS
The Company's key performance indicators are as follows:

Sales
The accounts report a 16% decrease (2023: 3% decrease) in the level of sales over the previous financial year.

Gross Margin
Gross margin for the year has decreased from 14% to 12%.

OTHER KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS
There are no significant non-financial key performance indicators which are relevant to understanding the position of the business.

ON BEHALF OF THE BOARD:





C R F Shield - Director


23 May 2025

SPAW ENGINEERING LIMITED (REGISTERED NUMBER: 00852576)

DIRECTOR'S REPORT
for the year ended 31 October 2024


The director presents his report with the financial statements of the company for the year ended 31 October 2024.

PRINCIPAL ACTIVITY
The principal activity of the company in the year under review was that of the manufacture of other parts and accessories for motor vehicles.

DIVIDENDS
Interim dividends were paid amounting to £NIL (2023: £200,000). The directors recommend that no final dividends will be paid.

DIRECTOR
C R F Shield held office during the whole of the period from 1 November 2023 to the date of this report.

STATEMENT OF DIRECTOR'S RESPONSIBILITIES
The director is responsible for preparing the Strategic Report, the Director's Report and the financial statements in accordance with applicable law and regulations.

Company law requires the director to prepare financial statements for each financial year. Under that law the director has elected to prepare the financial statements in accordance with United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice (United Kingdom Accounting Standards and applicable law). Under company law the director must not approve the financial statements unless he is satisfied that they give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the company and of the profit or loss of the company for that period. In preparing these financial statements, the director is required to:

-select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently;
-make judgements and accounting estimates that are reasonable and prudent;
-prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that the company will continue in business.

The director is responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that are sufficient to show and explain the company's transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the company and enable him to ensure that the financial statements comply with the Companies Act 2006. He is also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the company and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities.

STATEMENT AS TO DISCLOSURE OF INFORMATION TO AUDITORS
So far as the director is aware, there is no relevant audit information (as defined by Section 418 of the Companies Act 2006) of which the company's auditors are unaware, and he has taken all the steps that he ought to have taken as a director in order to make himself aware of any relevant audit information and to establish that the company's auditors are aware of that information.

AUDITORS
The auditors, Magma Audit LLP (part of the Dains Group), will be proposed for re-appointment at the forthcoming Annual General Meeting.

ON BEHALF OF THE BOARD:





C R F Shield - Director


23 May 2025

REPORT OF THE INDEPENDENT AUDITORS TO THE MEMBERS OF
SPAW ENGINEERING LIMITED


Opinion
We have audited the financial statements of Spaw Engineering Limited (the 'company') for the year ended 31 October 2024 which comprise the Statement of Comprehensive Income, Balance Sheet, Statement of Changes in Equity, Cash Flow Statement and Notes to the Cash Flow Statement, Notes to the Financial Statements, including a summary of significant accounting policies. The financial reporting framework that has been applied in their preparation is applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards, including Financial Reporting Standard 102 'The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland' (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice).

In our opinion the financial statements:
-give a true and fair view of the state of the company's affairs as at 31 October 2024 and of its profit for the year then ended;
-have been properly prepared in accordance with United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice; and
-have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006.

Basis for opinion
We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and applicable law. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditors' responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements section of our report. We are independent of the company in accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in the UK, including the FRC's Ethical Standard, and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.

Conclusions relating to going concern
In auditing the financial statements, we have concluded that the director's use of the going concern basis of accounting in the preparation of the financial statements is appropriate.

Based on the work we have performed, we have not identified any material uncertainties relating to events or conditions that, individually or collectively, may cast significant doubt on the company's ability to continue as a going concern for a period of at least twelve months from when the financial statements are authorised for issue.

Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of the director with respect to going concern are described in the relevant sections of this report.

Other information
The director is responsible for the other information. The other information comprises the information in the Strategic Report and the Director's Report, but does not include the financial statements and our Report of the Auditors thereon.

Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and, except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in our report, we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon.

In connection with our audit of the financial statements, our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the audit or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If we identify such material inconsistencies or apparent material misstatements, we are required to determine whether this gives rise to a material misstatement in the financial statements themselves. If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact. We have nothing to report in this regard.

Opinions on other matters prescribed by the Companies Act 2006
In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of the audit:
- the information given in the Strategic Report and the Director's Report for the financial year for which the financial statements are prepared is consistent with the financial statements; and
- the Strategic Report and the Director's Report have been prepared in accordance with applicable legal requirements.

Matters on which we are required to report by exception
In the light of the knowledge and understanding of the company and its environment obtained in the course of the audit, we have not identified material misstatements in the Strategic Report or the Director's Report.

We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters where the Companies Act 2006 requires us to report to you if, in our opinion:
- adequate accounting records have not been kept, or returns adequate for our audit have not been received from branches not visited by us; or
- the financial statements are not in agreement with the accounting records and returns; or
- certain disclosures of director's remuneration specified by law are not made; or
- we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit.

REPORT OF THE INDEPENDENT AUDITORS TO THE MEMBERS OF
SPAW ENGINEERING LIMITED


Responsibilities of director
As explained more fully in the Statement of Director's Responsibilities set out on page three, the director is responsible for the preparation of the financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair view, and for such internal control as the director determines necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.

In preparing the financial statements, the director is responsible for assessing the company's ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the director either intends to liquidate the company or to cease operations, or has no realistic alternative but to do so.

Auditors' responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue a Report of the Auditors that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements.

The extent to which our procedures are capable of detecting irregularities, including fraud is detailed below:

Based on our understanding of the company and industry, we identified the principal risks of non-compliance with laws and regulations, and we considered the extent to which non-compliance might have a material effect on the financial statements. We also considered those laws and regulations that have a direct impact on the financial statements such as the Companies Act 2006. We evaluated management's incentives and opportunities for fraudulent manipulation of the financial statements (including the risk of override of controls), and determined that the principal risks were related to posting inappropriate journal entries and management bias in accounting estimates. Audit procedures performed included:

- Enquire with management including consideration of known or suspected instances of non-compliance with laws and regulation and fraud;
- Challenging assumptions made by management in their significant accounting estimates, in particular in relation to the stock valuation and judgements formed;
- Identifying and testing journal entries, in particular any journal entries posted with unusual account combinations, journal entries crediting cash and journal entries with specific defined descriptions.

There are inherent limitations in the audit procedures described above. We are less likely to become aware of instances of non-compliance with laws and regulations that are not closely related to events and transactions reflected in the financial statements. Also, the risk of not detecting a material misstatement due to fraud is higher than the risk of not detecting one resulting from error, as fraud may involve deliberate concealment by, for example, forgery or intentional misrepresentations, or through collusion.

A further description of our responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements is located on the Financial Reporting Council's website at www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities. This description forms part of our Report of the Auditors.

Use of our report
This report is made solely to the company's members, as a body, in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of the Companies Act 2006. Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the company's members those matters we are required to state to them in a Report of the Auditors and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other than the company and the company's members as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we have formed.




Luke Turner FCA FCCA (Senior Statutory Auditor)
for and on behalf of Magma Audit LLP (part of the Dains Group)
Chartered Accountants
Statutory Auditor
Unit 2, Charnwood Edge Business Park
Syston Road
Leicestershire
LE7 4UZ

23 May 2025

SPAW ENGINEERING LIMITED (REGISTERED NUMBER: 00852576)

STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE
INCOME
for the year ended 31 October 2024

2024 2023
Notes £    £   

TURNOVER 4 10,329,100 12,378,861

Cost of sales (9,053,594 ) (10,585,043 )
GROSS PROFIT 1,275,506 1,793,818

Administrative expenses (1,029,131 ) (1,245,543 )
246,375 548,275

Other operating income 5 10,119 9,570
OPERATING PROFIT 7 256,494 557,845

Interest receivable and similar income 18,053 -
274,547 557,845

Interest payable and similar expenses 8 (1,736 ) (2,880 )
PROFIT BEFORE TAXATION 272,811 554,965

Tax on profit 9 (81,176 ) (149,549 )
PROFIT FOR THE FINANCIAL YEAR 191,635 405,416

OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME - -
TOTAL COMPREHENSIVE INCOME FOR
THE YEAR

191,635

405,416

SPAW ENGINEERING LIMITED (REGISTERED NUMBER: 00852576)

BALANCE SHEET
31 October 2024

2024 2023
Notes £    £   
FIXED ASSETS
Tangible assets 11 619,867 794,112

CURRENT ASSETS
Stocks 12 593,417 690,184
Debtors 13 1,656,726 1,746,678
Cash at bank 1,495,906 1,395,436
3,746,049 3,832,298
CREDITORS
Amounts falling due within one year 14 (1,475,048 ) (1,898,177 )
NET CURRENT ASSETS 2,271,001 1,934,121
TOTAL ASSETS LESS CURRENT
LIABILITIES

2,890,868

2,728,233

PROVISIONS FOR LIABILITIES 18 (88,000 ) (117,000 )
NET ASSETS 2,802,868 2,611,233

CAPITAL AND RESERVES
Called up share capital 19 250 250
Capital redemption reserve 20 750 750
Retained earnings 20 2,801,868 2,610,233
SHAREHOLDERS' FUNDS 2,802,868 2,611,233

The financial statements were approved by the director and authorised for issue on 23 May 2025 and were signed by:





C R F Shield - Director


SPAW ENGINEERING LIMITED (REGISTERED NUMBER: 00852576)

STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
for the year ended 31 October 2024

Called up Capital
share Retained redemption Total
capital earnings reserve equity
£    £    £    £   
Balance at 1 November 2022 250 2,404,817 750 2,405,817

Changes in equity
Dividends - (200,000 ) - (200,000 )
Total comprehensive income - 405,416 - 405,416
Balance at 31 October 2023 250 2,610,233 750 2,611,233

Changes in equity
Total comprehensive income - 191,635 - 191,635
Balance at 31 October 2024 250 2,801,868 750 2,802,868

SPAW ENGINEERING LIMITED (REGISTERED NUMBER: 00852576)

CASH FLOW STATEMENT
for the year ended 31 October 2024

2024 2023
Notes £    £   
Cash flows from operating activities
Cash generated from operations 1 373,049 668,099
Interest element of hire purchase payments
paid

(1,736

)

(2,880

)
Tax paid (92,541 ) (242,697 )
Net cash from operating activities 278,772 422,522

Cash flows from investing activities
Purchase of tangible fixed assets (39,968 ) (249,229 )
Sale of tangible fixed assets 9,344 -
Interest received 18,053 -
Net cash from investing activities (12,571 ) (249,229 )

Cash flows from financing activities
Intercompany loan repayments (124,180 ) (140,000 )
Capital repayments in year (41,551 ) (66,653 )
Equity dividends paid - (200,000 )
Net cash from financing activities (165,731 ) (406,653 )

Increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 100,470 (233,360 )
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning
of year

2

1,395,136

1,628,496

Cash and cash equivalents at end of year 2 1,495,606 1,395,136

SPAW ENGINEERING LIMITED (REGISTERED NUMBER: 00852576)

NOTES TO THE CASH FLOW STATEMENT
for the year ended 31 October 2024


1. RECONCILIATION OF PROFIT BEFORE TAXATION TO CASH GENERATED FROM OPERATIONS

2024 2023
£    £   
Profit before taxation 272,811 554,965
Depreciation charges 204,538 187,598
Loss on disposal of fixed assets 331 -
Finance costs 1,736 2,880
Finance income (18,053 ) -
461,363 745,443
Decrease in stocks 96,767 40,583
Decrease in trade and other debtors 86,539 208,196
Decrease in trade and other creditors (271,620 ) (326,123 )
Cash generated from operations 373,049 668,099

2. CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

The amounts disclosed on the Cash Flow Statement in respect of cash and cash equivalents are in respect of these Balance Sheet amounts:

Year ended 31 October 2024
31/10/24 1/11/23
£    £   
Cash and cash equivalents 1,495,906 1,395,436
Bank overdrafts (300 ) (300 )
1,495,606 1,395,136
Year ended 31 October 2023
31/10/23 1/11/22
£    £   
Cash and cash equivalents 1,395,436 1,628,946
Bank overdrafts (300 ) (450 )
1,395,136 1,628,496


3. ANALYSIS OF CHANGES IN NET FUNDS

At 1/11/23 Cash flow At 31/10/24
£    £    £   
Net cash
Cash at bank 1,395,436 100,470 1,495,906
Bank overdrafts (300 ) - (300 )
1,395,136 100,470 1,495,606
Debt
Finance leases (41,551 ) 41,551 -
(41,551 ) 41,551 -
Total 1,353,585 142,021 1,495,606

SPAW ENGINEERING LIMITED (REGISTERED NUMBER: 00852576)

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
for the year ended 31 October 2024


1. STATUTORY INFORMATION

Spaw Engineering Limited is a limited company, registered in England and Wales. Its registered office address is 365 Fosse Way, Syston, Leicester, Leicestershire, England, LE7 1NL and its registered number is 00852576.

2. ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of preparing the financial statements
These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with Financial Reporting Standard 102 "The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland" and the Companies Act 2006. The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention.

The financial statements are prepared in sterling, which is the functional currency of the company.

Transactions in currencies other than pounds sterling are recorded at the rates of exchange prevailing at the dates of the transactions. At each reporting end date, monetary assets and liabilities that are denominated in foreign currencies are retranslated at the rates prevailing on the reporting end date. Gains and losses arising on translation are included in the profit and loss account for the period.

Going concern
The company had positive net current assets at the year end of £2.27m. The directors believe that it is appropriate to adopt the going concern basis in the preparation of the financial statements. At the time of approving the financial statements, the directors have a reasonable expectation that the company has adequate resources to continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future.

Turnover
Turnover represents amounts receivable for goods net of VAT and trade discounts and is recognised when goods are dispatched.

Revenue from the sale of goods is recognised when the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the goods have passed to the buyer (usually on dispatch of the goods), the amount of revenue can be measured reliably, it is probable that the economic benefits associated with the transaction will flow to the entity and the costs incurred or to be incurred in respect of the transaction can be measured reliably.

Tangible fixed assets
Tangible fixed assets are initially measured at cost and subsequently measured at cost or valuation, net of depreciation and any impairment losses. Depreciation is recognised so as to write off the cost or valuation of assets less their residual values over their useful lives on the following bases:


Plant & machinery12.5% straight line
Fixtures & fittings20-25% straight line
Motor vehicles25% straight line

The gain or loss arising on the disposal of an asset is determined as the difference between the sale proceeds and the carrying value of the asset, and is credited or charged to profit or loss.

Stocks
Stocks are stated at the lower of cost and estimated selling price less costs to complete the sale. Cost is based on the most recent purchase price, with all stock being revalued to cost each quarter.

Financial instruments
The company has elected to apply the provisions of Section 11 ‘Basic Financial Instruments’ and Section 12 ‘Other Financial Instruments Issues’ of FRS 102 to all of its financial instruments.

Financial instruments are recognised in the company's balance sheet when the company becomes party to the contractual provisions of the instrument.

Financial assets and liabilities are offset, with the net amounts presented in the financial statements, when there is a legally enforceable right to set off the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis or to realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.


SPAW ENGINEERING LIMITED (REGISTERED NUMBER: 00852576)

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
for the year ended 31 October 2024


2. ACCOUNTING POLICIES - continued
Basic financial assets
Basic financial assets, which include debtors and cash and bank balances, are initially measured at transaction price including transaction costs and are subsequently carried at amortised cost using the effective interest method unless the arrangement constitutes a financing transaction, where the transaction is measured at the present value of the future receipts discounted at a market rate of interest. Financial assets classified as receivable within one year are not amortised.

Classification of financial liabilities
Financial liabilities and equity instruments are classified according to the substance of the contractual arrangements entered into. An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of the company after deducting all of it's liabilities.

Basic financial liabilities
Basic financial liabilities, including creditors, bank loans, loans from fellow group companies and preference shares that are classified as debt, are initially recognised at transaction price unless the arrangement constitutes a financing transaction, where the debt instrument is measured at the present value of the future payments discounted at a market rate of interest. Financial liabilities classified as payable within one year are not amortised.

Debt instruments are subsequently carried at amortised cost, using the effective interest rate method.

Trade creditors are obligations to pay for goods or services that have been acquired in the ordinary course of business from suppliers. Amounts payable are classified as current liabilities if payment is due within one year or less. If not, they are presented as non-current liabilities. Trade creditors are recognised initially at transaction price and subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method.

Equity instruments
Equity instruments issued by the company are recorded at the proceeds received, net of direct issue costs. Dividends payable on equity instruments are recognised as liabilities once they are no longer at the discretion of the company.

Finance costs
Finance costs are charged to the Profit and Loss Account over the term of the debt using the effective interest method so that the amount charged is at constant rate on the carrying amount. Issue cost are initially recognised as a reduction in the proceeds of the associated capital instruments.

Taxation
The tax expense for the year comprises current and deferred tax. Tax is recognised in the Profit and Loss Account, except that a change attributable to an item of income and expense recognised as other comprehensive income or to an item recognised directly in equity is also recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity respectively.

The current income tax charge is calculated on the basis of tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date in the countries where the Company operates and generates income.

Deferred tax balances are recognised in respect of all timing differences that have originated but not reversed by the Balance Sheet date, except that:
- The recognition of deferred tax assets is limited to the extent that it is probable that they will be recovered against the reversal of deferred tax liabilities or other future taxable profits; and
- Any deferred tax balances are reversed if and when all conditions for retaining associated tax allowances have been met.

Deferred tax balances are not recognised in respect of permanent differences except in respect of business combinations, when deferred tax is recognised on the differences between the fair values of assets acquired and the future tax deductions available for them and the differences between the fair values of liabilities acquired and the amount that will be assessed for tax. Deferred tax is determined using tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date.

SPAW ENGINEERING LIMITED (REGISTERED NUMBER: 00852576)

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
for the year ended 31 October 2024


2. ACCOUNTING POLICIES - continued

Hire purchase contracts
Assets obtained under hire purchase contracts or finance leases are capitalised in the balance sheet. Those held under hire purchase contracts are depreciated over their estimated useful lives. Those held under finance leases are depreciated over their estimated useful lives or the lease term, whichever is the shorter.

The interest element of these obligations is charged to profit or loss over the relevant period. The capital element of the future payments is treated as a liability.

Leases are classified as finance leases whenever the terms of the lease transfer substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership to the lessees. All other leases are classified as operating leases.

Assets held under finance leases are recognised as assets at the lower of the assets fair value at the date of inception and the present value of the minimum lease payments. The related liability is included in the balance sheet as a finance lease obligation. Lease payments are treated as consisting of capital and interest elements. The interest is charged to the profit and loss account so as to produce a constant periodic rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability.

Pension costs and other post-retirement benefits
The company operates a defined contribution pension scheme. Contributions payable to the company's pension scheme are charged to profit or loss in the period to which they relate.

Employee benefits
The costs of short-term employee benefits are recognised as a liability and an expense, unless those costs are required to be recognised as part of the cost of stock or fixed assets.

The cost of any unused holiday entitlement is recognised in the period in which the employee’s services are received.

Termination benefits are recognised immediately as an expense when the company is demonstrably committed to terminate the employment of an employee or to provide termination benefits

Operating leases
Rentals paid under operating leases are charged to the Profit and Loss Account on a straight line basis over the term of the lease.


3. CRITICAL ACCOUNTING JUDGEMENTS AND KEY SOURCES OF ESTIMATION UNCERTAINTY

In the application of the company’s accounting policies, the directors are required to make judgements, estimates and assumptions about the carrying amount of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. The estimates and associated assumptions are based on historical experience and other factors that are considered to be relevant. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised in the period in which the estimate is revised where the revision affects only that period, or in the period of the revision and future periods where the revision affects both current and future periods.

Key sources of estimation uncertainty
The estimates and assumptions which have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amount of assets and liabilities are as follows.

Depreciation of tangible assets
The annual depreciation charge for tangible assets is sensitive to changes in the estimated useful economic lives and residual lives of the assets. The useful economic lives and residual values are reassessed annually. They are amended when necessary to reflect current estimates, based on technological advancement, future investments, economic utilisation and the physical condition of the assets. See note 11 for the carrying amount of the assets and the tangible fixed asset accounting policy for the useful economic lives for each class of asset.

Stock provisioning
Slow moving stock provisions are based on estimates of the likely recoverable amounts.

SPAW ENGINEERING LIMITED (REGISTERED NUMBER: 00852576)

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
for the year ended 31 October 2024


4. TURNOVER

The turnover and profit before taxation are attributable to the one principal activity of the company.

An analysis of turnover by geographical market is given below:

2024 2023
£    £   
United Kingdom 9,479,748 11,558,325
Rest of World 849,352 820,536
10,329,100 12,378,861

5. OTHER OPERATING INCOME
2024 2023
£    £   
Rents received 9,840 9,570
Government grants 279 -
10,119 9,570

6. EMPLOYEES AND DIRECTORS
2024 2023
£    £   
Wages and salaries 2,333,550 2,536,047
Social security costs 223,833 239,802
Other pension costs 49,563 49,375
2,606,946 2,825,224

The average number of employees during the year was as follows:
2024 2023

Production 68 77
Administration 10 10
Management 1 1
79 88

2024 2023
£    £   
Director's remuneration 48,000 148,000

7. OPERATING PROFIT

The operating profit is stated after charging:

2024 2023
£    £   
Depreciation - owned assets 174,544 157,604
Depreciation - assets on hire purchase contracts 29,994 29,994
Loss on disposal of fixed assets 331 -
Auditors' remuneration 14,930 14,620

SPAW ENGINEERING LIMITED (REGISTERED NUMBER: 00852576)

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
for the year ended 31 October 2024


8. INTEREST PAYABLE AND SIMILAR EXPENSES
2024 2023
£    £   
Hire purchase interest 1,736 2,880

9. TAXATION

Analysis of the tax charge
The tax charge on the profit for the year was as follows:
2024 2023
£    £   
Current tax:
UK corporation tax 110,176 92,541
Adjustment to prior years - 8
Total current tax 110,176 92,549

Deferred tax (29,000 ) 57,000
Tax on profit 81,176 149,549

Reconciliation of total tax charge included in profit and loss
The tax assessed for the year is higher than the standard rate of corporation tax in the UK. The difference is explained below:

2024 2023
£    £   
Profit before tax 272,811 554,965
Profit multiplied by the standard rate of corporation tax in the UK of 25%
(2023 - 22.477%)

68,203

124,739

Effects of:
Expenses not deductible for tax purposes 14,769 7,747
Capital allowances in excess of depreciation - (39,937 )
Depreciation in excess of capital allowances 27,204 -

Movement in deferred tax (29,000 ) 57,000
Total tax charge 81,176 149,549

10. DIVIDENDS
2024 2023
£    £   
Ordinary shares of £1 each
Interim - 200,000

SPAW ENGINEERING LIMITED (REGISTERED NUMBER: 00852576)

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
for the year ended 31 October 2024


11. TANGIBLE FIXED ASSETS
Fixtures
Plant and and Motor
machinery fittings vehicles Totals
£    £    £    £   
COST
At 1 November 2023 1,594,965 189,113 14,995 1,799,073
Additions 2,811 29,117 8,040 39,968
Disposals - - (14,995 ) (14,995 )
At 31 October 2024 1,597,776 218,230 8,040 1,824,046
DEPRECIATION
At 1 November 2023 825,165 175,708 4,088 1,004,961
Charge for year 192,333 10,312 1,893 204,538
Eliminated on disposal - - (5,320 ) (5,320 )
At 31 October 2024 1,017,498 186,020 661 1,204,179
NET BOOK VALUE
At 31 October 2024 580,278 32,210 7,379 619,867
At 31 October 2023 769,800 13,405 10,907 794,112

The net carrying value of tangible fixed assets includes assets held under finance leases or hire purchase contracts with a net book value of nil (2023 - £167,420). The depreciation charged in respect of these assets was nil (2023 - £29,994).

12. STOCKS
2024 2023
£    £   
Raw materials 578,497 603,211
Work-in-progress 14,920 86,973
593,417 690,184

13. DEBTORS: AMOUNTS FALLING DUE WITHIN ONE YEAR
2024 2023
£    £   
Trade debtors 985,027 1,075,769
Amounts owed by participating interests 581,146 584,553
Prepayments and accrued income 90,553 86,356
1,656,726 1,746,678

14. CREDITORS: AMOUNTS FALLING DUE WITHIN ONE YEAR
2024 2023
£    £   
Bank loans and overdrafts (see note 15) 300 300
Hire purchase contracts (see note 16) - 41,551
Trade creditors 679,215 877,498
Amounts owed to group undertakings 2,694 126,880
Amounts owed to participating interests 234,508 227,930
Tax 110,176 92,541
Social security and other taxes 77,155 256,772
Other creditors 2,909 1,599
Accruals and deferred income 368,091 273,106
1,475,048 1,898,177

SPAW ENGINEERING LIMITED (REGISTERED NUMBER: 00852576)

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
for the year ended 31 October 2024


15. LOANS

An analysis of the maturity of loans is given below:

2024 2023
£    £   
Amounts falling due within one year or on demand:
Bank overdrafts 300 300

16. LEASING AGREEMENTS

Minimum lease payments fall due as follows:

Hire purchase contracts
2024 2023
£    £   
Net obligations repayable:
Within one year - 41,551

Non-cancellable operating leases
2024 2023
£    £   
Within one year 162,750 155,000
Between one and five years 139,500 310,000
302,250 465,000

Finance lease payments represent rentals payable by the company for certain tangible fixed assets. All leases are on a fixed repayment basis and no arrangements have been entered into for contingent rental payments.

17. SECURED DEBTS

The following secured debts are included within creditors:

2024 2023
£    £   
Bank overdrafts 300 300
Hire purchase contracts - 41,551
300 41,851

The hire purchase liabilities are secured on the assets concerned.

The bank overdraft is secured by a debenture over all assets of the company dated 10th of November 2009.

18. PROVISIONS FOR LIABILITIES
2024 2023
£    £   
Deferred tax
Accelerated capital allowances 88,000 27,350
Deferred tax - 89,650
88,000 117,000

SPAW ENGINEERING LIMITED (REGISTERED NUMBER: 00852576)

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
for the year ended 31 October 2024


18. PROVISIONS FOR LIABILITIES - continued

Deferred
tax
£   
Balance at 1 November 2023 117,000
Credit to Statement of Comprehensive Income during year (29,000 )
Balance at 31 October 2024 88,000

19. CALLED UP SHARE CAPITAL

Allotted, issued and fully paid:
Number: Class: Nominal 2024 2023
value: £    £   
250 Ordinary £1 250 250

Ordinary non-redeemable shares with the rights to vote, receive dividends and to share assets if the company is sold or wound up.

20. RESERVES

Retained earnings

Retained earnings includes all current and prior period retained profits and losses less dividends paid.

Capital redemption reserve

The capital redemption reserve comprises of the nominal value of shares purchased by the company.

21. PENSION COMMITMENTS

The company operates a defined contributions scheme. The assets of the scheme are held separately from those of the company in an independently administered fund. The pension cost charge represents contributions payable by the company to the fund and amounted to £49,563 (2023: £49,375).

22. RELATED PARTY DISCLOSURES

During the year the company had transactions with participating interests, all ultimately controlled by C R F Shield, summarised below.


2024 2023

£    £   
Sales to participating interests 44,876 41,575
Purchases from participating interests (3,017,129 ) (3,492,132 )
Amounts due from participating interests 581,146 584,553
Amounts due to participating interests (234,508 ) (227,930 )

During the year, a total of key management personnel compensation of £ 166,428 (2023 - £ 179,550 ) was paid.

23. ULTIMATE CONTROLLING PARTY

The company is controlled by Twingear Holdings Limited its ultimate parent company and Adrem Enterprises Limited its immediate parent company. All three companies are owned by C R F Shield.