Caseware UK (AP4) 2024.0.164 2024.0.164 2024-08-312024-08-31false4839false2023-09-01falseNo description of principal activitytrueThe members have not required the company to obtain an audit in accordance with section 476 of the Companies Act 2006. 11499425 2023-09-01 2024-08-31 11499425 2022-09-01 2023-08-31 11499425 2024-08-31 11499425 2023-08-31 11499425 2022-09-01 11499425 c:Director3 2023-09-01 2024-08-31 11499425 d:FurnitureFittings 2023-09-01 2024-08-31 11499425 d:FurnitureFittings 2024-08-31 11499425 d:FurnitureFittings 2023-08-31 11499425 d:FurnitureFittings d:OwnedOrFreeholdAssets 2023-09-01 2024-08-31 11499425 d:ComputerEquipment 2023-09-01 2024-08-31 11499425 d:ComputerEquipment 2024-08-31 11499425 d:ComputerEquipment 2023-08-31 11499425 d:ComputerEquipment d:OwnedOrFreeholdAssets 2023-09-01 2024-08-31 11499425 d:OwnedOrFreeholdAssets 2023-09-01 2024-08-31 11499425 d:CurrentFinancialInstruments 2024-08-31 11499425 d:CurrentFinancialInstruments 2023-08-31 11499425 d:Non-currentFinancialInstruments 2024-08-31 11499425 d:Non-currentFinancialInstruments 2023-08-31 11499425 d:CurrentFinancialInstruments d:WithinOneYear 2024-08-31 11499425 d:CurrentFinancialInstruments d:WithinOneYear 2023-08-31 11499425 d:Non-currentFinancialInstruments d:AfterOneYear 2024-08-31 11499425 d:Non-currentFinancialInstruments d:AfterOneYear 2023-08-31 11499425 d:ShareCapital 2023-09-01 2024-08-31 11499425 d:ShareCapital 2024-08-31 11499425 d:ShareCapital 2022-09-01 2023-08-31 11499425 d:ShareCapital 2023-08-31 11499425 d:ShareCapital 2022-09-01 11499425 d:SharePremium 2023-09-01 2024-08-31 11499425 d:SharePremium 2024-08-31 11499425 d:SharePremium 2022-09-01 2023-08-31 11499425 d:SharePremium 2023-08-31 11499425 d:SharePremium 2022-09-01 11499425 d:OtherMiscellaneousReserve 2024-08-31 11499425 d:OtherMiscellaneousReserve 2023-08-31 11499425 d:OtherMiscellaneousReserve 2022-09-01 11499425 d:RetainedEarningsAccumulatedLosses 2023-09-01 2024-08-31 11499425 d:RetainedEarningsAccumulatedLosses 2024-08-31 11499425 d:RetainedEarningsAccumulatedLosses 2022-09-01 2023-08-31 11499425 d:RetainedEarningsAccumulatedLosses 2023-08-31 11499425 d:RetainedEarningsAccumulatedLosses 2022-09-01 11499425 d:AcceleratedTaxDepreciationDeferredTax 2024-08-31 11499425 d:AcceleratedTaxDepreciationDeferredTax 2023-08-31 11499425 d:TaxLossesCarry-forwardsDeferredTax 2024-08-31 11499425 d:TaxLossesCarry-forwardsDeferredTax 2023-08-31 11499425 d:RetirementBenefitObligationsDeferredTax 2024-08-31 11499425 d:RetirementBenefitObligationsDeferredTax 2023-08-31 11499425 c:OrdinaryShareClass1 2023-09-01 2024-08-31 11499425 c:OrdinaryShareClass1 2024-08-31 11499425 c:OrdinaryShareClass1 2023-08-31 11499425 c:OrdinaryShareClass2 2023-09-01 2024-08-31 11499425 c:OrdinaryShareClass2 2024-08-31 11499425 c:OrdinaryShareClass2 2023-08-31 11499425 c:OrdinaryShareClass3 2023-09-01 2024-08-31 11499425 c:OrdinaryShareClass3 2024-08-31 11499425 c:OrdinaryShareClass3 2023-08-31 11499425 c:OrdinaryShareClass4 2023-09-01 2024-08-31 11499425 c:OrdinaryShareClass4 2024-08-31 11499425 c:OrdinaryShareClass4 2023-08-31 11499425 c:FRS102 2023-09-01 2024-08-31 11499425 c:AuditExempt-NoAccountantsReport 2023-09-01 2024-08-31 11499425 c:FullAccounts 2023-09-01 2024-08-31 11499425 c:PrivateLimitedCompanyLtd 2023-09-01 2024-08-31 11499425 d:KeyManagementPersonnelCloseFamilyMembersEntitiesUnderKeyManagementPersonnelsControl 2023-09-01 2024-08-31 11499425 d:KeyManagementPersonnelCloseFamilyMembersEntitiesUnderKeyManagementPersonnelsControl 2024-08-31 11499425 d:KeyManagementPersonnelCloseFamilyMembersEntitiesUnderKeyManagementPersonnelsControl 2023-08-31 11499425 2 2023-09-01 2024-08-31 11499425 6 2023-09-01 2024-08-31 11499425 e:PoundSterling 2023-09-01 2024-08-31 11499425 d:KeyManagementIndividualGroup1 2023-09-01 2024-08-31 11499425 d:KeyManagementIndividualGroup1 2024-08-31 11499425 d:KeyManagementIndividualGroup2 2023-09-01 2024-08-31 11499425 d:KeyManagementIndividualGroup2 2024-08-31 11499425 d:KeyManagementIndividualGroup2 2023-08-31 11499425 d:KeyManagementIndividualGroup3 2023-09-01 2024-08-31 11499425 d:KeyManagementIndividualGroup3 2024-08-31 11499425 d:KeyManagementIndividualGroup3 2023-08-31 11499425 d:KeyManagementIndividualGroup4 2023-09-01 2024-08-31 11499425 d:KeyManagementIndividualGroup4 2024-08-31 11499425 d:KeyManagementIndividualGroup5 2023-09-01 2024-08-31 11499425 d:KeyManagementIndividualGroup5 2024-08-31 iso4217:GBP xbrli:shares xbrli:pure

Registered number: 11499425










CLOUD BRIDGE TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED








UNAUDITED

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

INFORMATION FOR FILING WITH THE REGISTRAR

FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 AUGUST 2024

 
CLOUD BRIDGE TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
REGISTERED NUMBER: 11499425

STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION
AS AT 31 AUGUST 2024

2024
2023
Note
£
£

Fixed assets
  

Tangible assets
 4 
103,839
113,538

Investments
 5 
20,976
20,881

  
124,815
134,419

Current assets
  

Debtors: amounts falling due within one year
 6 
7,660,557
3,361,092

Cash at bank and in hand
 7 
1,911,124
1,194,389

  
9,571,681
4,555,481

Creditors: amounts falling due within one year
 8 
(6,840,395)
(2,611,416)

Net current assets
  
 
 
2,731,286
 
 
1,944,065

Creditors: amounts falling due after more than one year
 9 
(583,334)
-

Provisions for liabilities
  

Deferred tax
 10 
-
(21,610)

  
 
 
-
 
 
(21,610)

Net assets
  
2,272,767
2,056,874


Capital and reserves
  

Called up share capital 
 11 
108
106

Share premium account
  
26,399
17,599

Other reserves
  
566
566

Profit and loss account
  
2,245,694
2,038,603

  
2,272,767
2,056,874


Page 1

 
CLOUD BRIDGE TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
REGISTERED NUMBER: 11499425
    
STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION (CONTINUED)
AS AT 31 AUGUST 2024

The directors consider that the Company is entitled to exemption from audit under section 477 of the Companies Act 2006 and members have not required the Company to obtain an audit for the year in question in accordance with section 476 of the Companies Act 2006.

The directors acknowledge their responsibilities for complying with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006 with respect to accounting records and the preparation of financial statements.

The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the provisions applicable to companies subject to the small companies regime and in accordance with the provisions of FRS 102 Section 1A - small entities.

The financial statements have been delivered in accordance with the provisions applicable to companies subject to the small companies regime.

The Company has opted not to file the statement of comprehensive income in accordance with provisions applicable to companies subject to the small companies' regime.

The financial statements were approved and authorised for issue by the board and were signed on its behalf by: 




................................................
Mr M Wallen
Director

Date: 10 June 2025

The notes on pages 4 to 13 form part of these financial statements.

Page 2

 
CLOUD BRIDGE TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
 

STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 AUGUST 2024


Called up share capital
Share premium account
Other reserves
Profit and loss account
Total equity

£
£
£
£
£


At 1 September 2022
104
-
566
908,866
909,536


Comprehensive income for the year

Profit for the year
-
-
-
1,554,937
1,554,937


Contributions by and distributions to owners

Dividends: Equity capital
-
-
-
(425,200)
(425,200)

Shares issued during the year
2
17,599
-
-
17,601



At 1 September 2023
106
17,599
566
2,038,603
2,056,874


Comprehensive income for the year

Profit for the year
-
-
-
271,443
271,443


Contributions by and distributions to owners

Dividends: Equity capital
-
-
-
(64,352)
(64,352)

Shares issued during the year
2
8,800
-
-
8,802


At 31 August 2024
108
26,399
566
2,245,694
2,272,767


The notes on pages 4 to 13 form part of these financial statements.

Page 3

 
CLOUD BRIDGE TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 AUGUST 2024

1.


General information

Cloud Bridge Technologies Limited is a private company, limited by shares, incorporated in England & Wales, registered number 11499425. The registered office address is Chiltern House, 49-51 Dean Street, Marlow, SLW 3AA. The principal activity of the Company is that of providing services related to information technology.

2.Accounting policies

 
2.1

Basis of preparation of financial statements

The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention unless otherwise specified within these accounting policies and in accordance with FRS 102 'The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and the Republic of Ireland' and the requirements of the Companies Act 2006. The disclosure requirements of Section 1A of FRS 102 have been applied other than where additional disclosure is required to show a true and fair view.

The following principal accounting policies have been applied:

 
2.2

Foreign currency translation

Functional and presentation currency

The Company's functional and presentational currency is GBP, rounded to the nearest £1.

Transactions and balances

Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using the spot exchange rates at the dates of the transactions.

At each period end foreign currency monetary items are translated using the closing rate. Non-monetary items measured at historical cost are translated using the exchange rate at the date of the transaction and non-monetary items measured at fair value are measured using the exchange rate when fair value was determined.

Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of transactions and from the translation at period-end exchange rates of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are recognised in profit or loss except when deferred in other comprehensive income as qualifying cash flow hedges.

Foreign exchange gains and losses that relate to borrowings and cash and cash equivalents are presented in the Statement of Comprehensive Income within 'finance income or costs'. All other foreign exchange gains and losses are presented in profit or loss within 'other operating income'.

Page 4

 
CLOUD BRIDGE TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 AUGUST 2024

2.Accounting policies (continued)

 
2.3

Turnover

Turnover is recognised to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the turnover can be reliably measured. Turnover is measured as the fair value of the consideration received or receivable, excluding discounts, rebates, value added tax and other sales taxes. The following criteria must also be met before turnover is recognised:

Rendering of services

Turnover from a contract to provide services is recognised in the period in which the services are provided in accordance with the stage of completion of the contract when all of the following conditions are satisfied:
the amount of turnover can be measured reliably;
it is probable that the Company will receive the consideration due under the contract;
the stage of completion of the contract at the end of the reporting period can be measured reliably; and
the costs incurred and the costs to complete the contract can be measured reliably.

 
2.4

Operating leases: the Company as lessee

Rentals paid under operating leases are charged to profit or loss on a straight-line basis over the lease term. In rentals ehich are applicable to operating leases, substantially all of the benefits and risks of ownership remain with the lessor.

Benefits received and receivable as an incentive to sign an operating lease are recognised on a straight-line basis over the lease term, unless another systematic basis is representative of the time pattern of the lessee's benefit from the use of the leased asset.

 
2.5

Interest income

Interest income is recognised in profit or loss using the effective interest method.

 
2.6

Finance costs

Finance costs are charged to profit or loss over the term of the debt using the effective interest method so that the amount charged is at a constant rate on the carrying amount. Issue costs are initially recognised as a reduction in the proceeds of the associated capital instrument.

 
2.7

Borrowing costs

All borrowing costs are recognised in profit or loss in the year in which they are incurred.

Page 5

 
CLOUD BRIDGE TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 AUGUST 2024

2.Accounting policies (continued)

 
2.8

Pensions

Defined contribution pension plan

The Company operates a defined contribution plan for its employees. A defined contribution plan is a pension plan under which the Company pays fixed contributions into a separate entity. Once the contributions have been paid the Company has no further payment obligations.

The contributions are recognised as an expense in profit or loss when they fall due. Amounts not paid are shown in accruals as a liability in the Statement of Financial Position. The assets of the plan are held separately from the Company in independently administered funds.

 
2.9

Share-based payments

Where share options are awarded to employees, the fair value of the options at the date of grant is charged to profit or loss over the vesting period. Non-market vesting conditions are taken into account by adjusting the number of equity instruments expected to vest at each reporting date so that, ultimately, the cumulative amount recognised over the vesting period is based on the number of options that eventually vest. Market vesting conditions are factored into the fair value of the options granted. The cumulative expense is not adjusted for failure to achieve a market vesting condition.
The fair value of the award also takes into account non-vesting conditions. These are either factors beyond the control of either party (such as a target based on an index) or factors which are within the control of one or other of the parties (such as the Company keeping the scheme open or the employee maintaining any contributions required by the scheme).
Where the terms and conditions of options are modified before they vest, the increase in the fair value of the options, measured immediately before and after the modification, is also charged to profit or loss over the remaining vesting period.
Where equity instruments are granted to persons other than employees, profit or loss is charged with fair value of goods and services received.

The employee benefits in respect of equity-settled share-based payments is recognised in the Statement of Profit or Loss over the vesting period. The expense recongnised during the year to 31 August 2024 is £Nil (2023: £Nil).
27,000 (2023: 30,500) options were exercised during the year to 31 August 2024, with an average exercise price of £0.00005 per share.
At the period end date, the company has granted options over 134,820 ordinary shares. Of these, 122,000 had vested and exercisable at an average exercise price of £0.00005 per share. 12,820 options had not vested, with an average exercise price of £0.04 per share.

Page 6

 
CLOUD BRIDGE TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 AUGUST 2024

2.Accounting policies (continued)

 
2.10

Current and deferred taxation

The tax expense for the year comprises current and deferred tax. Tax is recognised in profit or loss except that a charge attributable to an item of income and expense recognised as other comprehensive income or to an item recognised directly in equity is also recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity respectively.

The current income tax charge is calculated on the basis of tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the reporting date in the countries where the Company operates and generates income.

Deferred tax balances are recognised in respect of all timing differences that have originated but not reversed by the reporting date, except that:
The recognition of deferred tax assets is limited to the extent that it is probable that they will be recovered against the reversal of deferred tax liabilities or other future taxable profits; and
Any deferred tax balances are reversed if and when all conditions for retaining associated tax allowances have been met.

Deferred tax balances are not recognised in respect of permanent differences except in respect of business combinations, when deferred tax is recognised on the differences between the fair values of assets acquired and the future tax deductions available for them and the differences between the fair values of liabilities acquired and the amount that will be assessed for tax. Deferred tax is determined using tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the reporting date.


 
2.11

Tangible fixed assets

Tangible fixed assets under the cost model are stated at historical cost less accumulated depreciation and any accumulated impairment losses. Historical cost includes expenditure that is directly attributable to bringing the asset to the location and condition necessary for it to be capable of operating in the manner intended by management.

Depreciation is charged so as to allocate the cost of assets less their residual value over their estimated useful lives, using the straight-line method.

Depreciation is provided on the following basis:

Fixtures and fittings
-
20%
straight-line method
Computer equipment
-
25%
straight-line method

The assets' residual values, useful lives and depreciation methods are reviewed, and adjusted prospectively if appropriate, or if there is an indication of a significant change since the last reporting date.

Gains and losses on disposals are determined by comparing the proceeds with the carrying amount and are recognised in profit or loss.

Page 7

 
CLOUD BRIDGE TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 AUGUST 2024

2.Accounting policies (continued)

 
2.12

Valuation of investments

Investments in subsidiaries are measured at cost less accumulated impairment.

Investments in unlisted Company shares, whose market value can be reliably determined, are remeasured to market value at each reporting date. Gains and losses on remeasurement are recognised in the Statement of Comprehensive Income for the period. Where market value cannot be reliably determined, such investments are stated at historic cost less impairment.

 
2.13

Debtors

Short-term debtors are measured at transaction price, less any impairment. Loans receivable are measured initially at fair value, net of transaction costs, and are measured subsequently at amortised cost using the effective interest method, less any impairment.

 
2.14

Cash and cash equivalents

Cash is represented by cash in hand and deposits with financial institutions repayable without penalty on notice of not more than 24 hours. Cash equivalents are highly liquid investments that mature in no more than three months from the date of acquisition and that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash with insignificant risk of change in value.

 
2.15

Creditors

Short-term creditors are measured at the transaction price. Other financial liabilities, including bank loans, are measured initially at fair value, net of transaction costs, and are measured subsequently at amortised cost using the effective interest method.

 
2.16

Provisions for liabilities

Provisions are recognised when an event has taken place that gives rise to a legal or constructive obligation, a transfer of economic benefits is probable and a reliable estimate can be made.
Provisions are measured as the best estimate of the amount required to settle the obligation, taking into account the related risks and uncertainties.
 
Increases in provisions are generally charged as an expense to profit or loss.

 
2.17

Financial instruments

The Company has elected to apply the provisions of Section 11 “Basic Financial Instruments” of FRS 102 to all of its financial instruments.

Basic financial assets

Basic financial assets, which include trade and other debtors, cash and bank balances, are initially measured at their transaction price (adjusted for transaction costs except in the initial measurement of financial assets that are subsequently measured at fair value through profit and loss) and are subsequently carried at their amortised cost using the effective interest method, less any provision for impairment, unless the arrangement constitutes a financing transaction, where the transaction is measured at the present value of the future receipts discounted at a market rate of interest.
Page 8

 
CLOUD BRIDGE TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 AUGUST 2024

2.Accounting policies (continued)


2.17
Financial instruments (continued)

Discounting is omitted where the effect of discounting is immaterial. The Company's cash and cash equivalents, trade and most other debtors due within the operating cycle fall into this category of financial instruments.

Financial liabilities

Financial liabilities and equity instruments are classified according to the substance of the contractual arrangements entered into. An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of the Company after the deduction of all its liabilities.

Basic financial liabilities, which include trade and other creditors, bank loans and other loans are initially measured at their transaction price (adjusting for transaction costs except in the initial measurement of financial liabilities that are subsequently measured at fair value through profit and loss). When this constitutes a financing transaction, whereby the debt instrument is measured at the present value of the future payments discounted at a market rate of interest, discounting is omitted where the effect of discounting is immaterial.

Debt instruments are subsequently carried at their amortised cost using the effective interest rate method.

Trade creditors are obligations to pay for goods and services that have been acquired in the ordinary course of business from suppliers. Trade creditors are classified as current liabilities if the payment is due within one year. If not, they represent non-current liabilities. Trade creditors are initially recognised at their transaction price and subsequently are measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method. Discounting is omitted where the effect of discounting is immaterial.

 
2.18

Dividends

Equity dividends are recognised when they become legally payable. Interim equity dividends are recognised when paid. Final equity dividends are recognised when approved by the shareholders at an annual general meeting.


3.


Employees

The average monthly number of employees, including directors, during the year was 48 (2023 - 39).

Page 9

 
CLOUD BRIDGE TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 AUGUST 2024

4.


Tangible fixed assets





Fixtures and fittings
Computer equipment
Total

£
£
£



Cost or valuation


At 1 September 2023
45,844
132,209
178,053


Additions
465
34,813
35,278


Disposals
-
(2,044)
(2,044)



At 31 August 2024

46,309
164,978
211,287



Depreciation


At 1 September 2023
8,265
56,250
64,515


Charge for the year
10,778
32,657
43,435


Disposals
-
(502)
(502)



At 31 August 2024

19,043
88,405
107,448



Net book value



At 31 August 2024
27,266
76,573
103,839



At 31 August 2023
37,579
75,959
113,538


5.


Fixed asset investments





Investments in subsidiary companies

£



Cost or valuation


At 1 September 2023
20,881


Additions
138


Foreign exchange movement
(43)



At 31 August 2024
20,976




Page 10

 
CLOUD BRIDGE TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 AUGUST 2024

6.


Debtors

2024
2023
£
£


Trade debtors
4,255,268
1,533,596

Amounts owed by group undertakings
383,646
142,654

Other debtors
149,079
153,145

Prepayments and accrued income
2,846,362
1,531,697

Deferred taxation
26,202
-

7,660,557
3,361,092



7.


Cash and cash equivalents

2024
2023
£
£

Cash at bank and in hand
1,911,124
1,194,389



8.


Creditors: Amounts falling due within one year

2024
2023
£
£

Bank loans
333,333
-

Trade creditors
4,213,596
914,178

Amounts owed to group undertakings
100
100

Corporation tax
-
105,099

Other taxation and social security
110,582
377,164

Other creditors
57,306
234,846

Accruals and deferred income
2,125,478
980,029

6,840,395
2,611,416



9.


Creditors: Amounts falling due after more than one year

2024
2023
£
£

Bank loans
583,334
-


Page 11

 
CLOUD BRIDGE TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 AUGUST 2024

10.


Deferred taxation




2024


£






At beginning of year
(21,610)


Charged to profit or loss
47,812



At end of year
26,202

The deferred taxation balance is made up as follows:

2024
2023
£
£


Accelerated capital allowances
(25,960)
(21,610)

Tax losses carried forward
47,536
-

Pension surplus
4,626
-

26,202
(21,610)

Page 12

 
CLOUD BRIDGE TECHNOLOGIES LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 AUGUST 2024

11.


Share capital

2024
2023
£
£
Allotted, called up and fully paid



2,090,500 (2023 - 2,063,500) Ordinary shares of £0.00005 each
105
103
1 (2023 - 1) Ordinary A share of £1.00000
1
1
1 (2023 - 1) Ordinary B share of £1.00000
1
1
1 (2023 - 1) Ordinary C share of £1.00000
1
1

108

106


During the year, the Company issued 17,000 ordinary shares at a base price of £0.00005 per share and 10,000 ordinary shares at a total price of £0.88005 per share including a premium of £0.88 per share.


12.


Related party transactions

At the year end, the Company was owed £295,385 (2023: £142,654) from Cloud Bridge LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary.
At the year end, the Company was owed £4,639 (2023: £-) from Cloud Scale Technologies Limited, a joint venture in UK.
At the year end, the Company was owed £40,266 (2023: £-) from Cloud Bridge SA (PTY) Limited, a wholly owned subsidiary.
At the year end, the Company was owed £999 (2023: £-) from Cloud Recruitment Limited, a wholly owned subsidiary.
At the year end, the Company was owed £42,357 (2023: £-) from Cloud Bridge SG (PTE) Limited, a wholly owned subsidiary.
At the year end, the Company owed £100 (2023: £100) to Cloud Bridge Holding Limited, a wholly owned subsidiary.


13.


Controlling party

There is no ultimate controlling party.

 
Page 13