Income tax expense represents the sum of the tax currently payable and deferred tax.
Current and deferred taxation assets and libilities are not discounted.
Current tax
Current tax is recognised at the aamount of tax payable using the tax rate as and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date.
Deferred tax
Deferred tax is recognised on timing differences that have originaed but not reveded at the balance sheet date.
Timing differences arise from the inclusion of income and expenses in tax assessmemts in periods different from those in which they are recognidsed in the financial statememnts. Deferred tax is measured using tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantially enacted by the year end and that are expected to apply to the trevewrsal of the timing difference.
Unrelieved tax losses and other deferred tax assets are recognised only to the extent that it is probable that they will be recovered against the reversal of deferred tax liabilities or other future taxable profits.