The Trustees present their annual report and financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2024.
The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the accounting policies set out in note 1 to the financial statements and comply with the Foundation's Memorandum and Articles of Association, the Companies Act 2006, the Charities Act 2011 and "Accounting and Reporting by Charities: Statement of Recommended Practice applicable to charities preparing their accounts in accordance with the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102) (effective 1 January 2019)".
The Foundation's objects are to:
a. Policies and objectives
The objects of the Foundation are to advance education and promote research for the public benefit in particular but without limitation by accelerating, promoting, and facilitating research data sharing and exchange and (save for purposes incidental and ancillary to those objects) no other purposes.
b. Activities undertaken to achieve objectives
This is done through facilitating the operations of the Research Data Alliance (RDA), a global volunteer organisation under the auspices of the Foundation. The mission of the RDA is to "build the social and technical bridges that enable the open sharing and re-use of data." To conduct this work, the RDA reviews, endorses, and convenes short-term Working Groups and longer-term Interest Groups, and since December 2020, Communities of Practice (CoP) a forum and knowledge exchange platform, where both specific and generic data challenges can be discussed and resolved by experts from the community itself as proposed by members of the global research community.
The Recommendations and Supporting Outputs (https://www.rd-alliance.org/recommendations-and-outputs/outputs/) delivered by these groups are the primary deliverables of the RDA and are publicly and openly available. The Trustees who act as the Council for RDA formally endorse these recommendations based on the advice of the community elected Technical Advisory Board (TAB) Regional Advisory Board (RAB) and Organisational Advisory Board (OAB) and an assessment of whether the Recommendation is actively being used by organisations.
RDA conducts two plenary meetings each year at different locations around the world and on-line, since 2020, for the Communities of Practice, Working and Interest Groups to convene, conduct their work and present their results. new group ideas and proposals are facilitated at these meetings through Birds of a Feather sessions.
The Trustees meet together at least four times per year in virtual meetings, and occasionally in a face-to-face context, to ensure the objectives of the Foundation are being met in a productive and responsible manner. Minutes from the Trustee meetings are publicly available on the RDA's website (rd-alliance.org) under the RDA Council page (https://www.rd-alliance.org/council/).
In setting objectives and planning for activities, the Trustees have given due consideration to general guidance published by the Charities Commission relating to public benefit and in particular to its supplementary public benefit guidance.
The Trustees have paid due regard to guidance issued by the Charity Commission in deciding what activities the Foundation should undertake.
a. Review of activities
As of 31 Dec 2024, RDA had 15.214 individual volunteer members, 61 dues paying Organisational Members, and 12 Organisational Affiliate members. They work collectively in 46 active Working Groups, 56 active Interest Groups and 1 active Community of Practice.
During the period of 1 January 2024 through 31 December 2024, members created 11 new and currently endorsed Working Groups, and 3 Interest Groups.
New, currently endorsed Working Groups:
Harmonised terminologies and schemas for FAIR data in materials science and related domains WG
Wind Energy Community Standards WG
Building Immune Digital Twins WG
Small Uncrewed Aircraft and Autonomous Platforms Data WG
Ethics in Agricultural (Ag) Data WG
FAIRification of Genomic Annotations WG
Alignment of multilingual vocabularies in the Social Sciences and Humanities
Coordinating Earth, Space, and Environmental Science Data Preservation and Scholarly Publication Processes WG
Community-based catalogue of requirements for trustworthy TRSPs WG
Optical Radiation Exposure and Visual Experience Data
Health Data Commons GORC Profile WG
New, currently endorsed Interest Groups
Collections as Data IG
Salmon Research and Monitoring IG
Research Tools and Data Curation Workflows IG
b. Review of activities (continued)
During that same period, existing groups produced 4 further formal Recommendations and 6 supporting outputs (https://www.rd-alliance.org/recommendations-and-outputs/outputs/)
Formal Recommendations:
1. RDA Common Descriptive Attributes of Research Data Repositories
2. The Global Open Research Commons International Model, Version 1.1
3. Guidance on Data Granularity: Report of the RDA Data Granularity WG
4. Mapping the Landscape of Digital Research Tools
The previous formal recommendations are listed below:
1. Health Research Performing Organisations (HRPOs) FAIR Guidelines
2. Metadata Standards Directory WG Recommendations
3. Metadata Standards Catalog WG Recommendations
4. RDA National PID Strategies Guide and Checklist
5. Metadata Schema for the Persistent Identification of Instruments
6. Data Usage Metrics WG Recommendations
7. InteroperAble Descriptions of Observable Property Terminologies (I-ADOPT) WG Outputs and
Recommendations
8. FAIR Principles for Research Software
9. 10 Things for Curating Reproducible and FAIR Research
10. Guidelines for Publishing Structured Metadata on the Web
11. Recommendations and Capacity Development Resource Kit
12. Basic Vocabulary of Foundational Terminology
13. Data Description Registry Interoperability Model
14. Data Type Model and Registry
15. Machine Actionable Policy Templates
16. Metadata standards directory WG
17. PID Information Types (PIT) WG Recommendations
18. CODATA/RDA Summer Schools in Data Science and Cloud Computing in the Developing World
19. RDA/TDWG Attribution Metadata Working Group: Final Recommendations
20. A curriculum for Foundational Research Data Science Skills for Early Career Researchers
21. RDA/WDS Publishing Data Services WG Recommendations: The Scholix initiative
22. RDA/WDS Publishing Data Workflows
23. Recommendation on PID Kernel Information
24. Repository Audit and Certification Catalogues
25. Research Data Collections WG Final Recommendations
26. Wheat Data Interoperability Guidelines, Ontologies and Use Cases
27. Scalable Dynamic-data Citation Methodology
28. The FAIRsharing Registry and Recommendations: Interlinking Standards, databases, and data policies.
29. RDA DMP Common Standard for Machine-actionable Data Management Plans
30. 39 Hints to Facilitate the Use of Semantics for Data on Agriculture and Nutrition
31. A Curriculum for Foundational Research Data Science Skills for Early Career Researchers
32. RDA COVID-19 Recommendations and Guidelines on Data Sharing
33. FAIR Data Maturity Model: specification and guidelines
34. Scholix Metadata Schema for Scholarly Communication Links
Formal supporting outputs:
1. RDA Professionalising Data Stewardship - What does a career track for data stewardship look like?
2. Research Hardware Definition
3. Recommendations on Open Science Rewards and Incentives -Guidance for multiple stakeholders in
Research
4. RDA Value for the Evaluation of Research
5. Ten Principles to Improve Dataset Discoverability
6. Data Granularity Use Cases
The previous formal supporting outputs of RDA are:
1. GORC IG Typology and Definitions
2. The Global Open Research Commons International Model Report
3. A Collection of Crosswalks from Fifteen Research Data Schemas to Schema.org
4. Recommendations for a minimal metadata set to aid harmonised discovery of learning resources
5. Core Characteristics of Learning Resource Collectors
6. 23 Things Physical Samples
7. Models of Data Stewardship Survey Initial Report
8. Models of Data Stewardship Survey Output Data
9. Data Stewardship Landscape Initial Report
10. Data Stewardship Landscape Report Resource Matrix
11. 23 Things: Libraries For Research Data
12. A survey of current practices in data search services
13. Addressing the Gaps: Recommendations for Supporting the Long Tail of Research Data
14. Data Discovery Paradigms: User Requirements and Recommendations for Data Repositories
15. Eleven Quick Tips for Finding Research Data
16. Federated Identity Management for Research Collaborations
17. Income Streams for Data Repositories
18. Matrix of use cases and functional requirements for research data repository platforms
19. Persistent identifiers: Consolidated assertions
20. Research Data Repository Interoperability Primer
21. Summary of Virtual Layer Recommendations
22. WDS/RDA Assessment of Data Fitness for Use
23. Engaging Researchers with Data Management: The Cookbook
24. Tromsø Recommendations for Citation of Research Data in Linguistics
25. Principles and Best Practices in Data Versioning for all Data Sets Big and Small
26. Compilation of Data Versioning Use Cases from the
27. Top 10 FAIR Data & Software Things
28. RDA COVID-19 WG Zotero Library
29. Persistent Identification of Instruments
30. Sharing COVID-19 Epidemiology Data
31. Developing a Research Data Policy Framework for all Journals and Publishers
32. Use Cases and Identifier Schemes for Persistent Source Code Information
33. Challenges of Curating for Reproducible and FAIR Research Output
34. Member survey on bridging the gap between funders and communities.
35. Results of an analysis of existing FAIR Assessment Tools
36. RDA & CODATA Legal Interoperability of Research Data
37. Developing a Research Data Policy Framework for all Journals and Publishers
38. Use Cases and Identifier Schemes for Persistent Source Code Information
39. Challenges of Curating for Reproducible and FAIR Research Output
40. Member survey on bridging the gap between funders and communities.
41. Results of an analysis of existing FAIR Assessment Tools
42. RDA & CODATA Legal Interoperability of Research Data
Total income during the period amounted to £494,849 (2023: £665,211) and total direct charitable expenditure amounted to £627,522 ( 2023: £598,865) including expenditure on support and governance costs of £8,805 (2023: £7,335), resulting in a net deficit of £132,703 (2023: net surplus of £66,346). At year end, amounts held in unrestricted reserves were £187,792 (2023: £321,003) and restricted funds were £31,798 (2023: £31,290).
At the time of approving the financial statements, the trustees have a reasonable expectation that the Charity has adequate resources to continue in operational existence for a period not less than 12 months. Thus the trustees continue to adopt the going concern basis of accounting in preparing the financial statements.
Reserves Policy
The Trustees reserve policy is to hold reserve of one year's anticipate expenditure based on the last Annual Budget.
Currently funds are below this level and the Trustees have taken steps to improve this position.
The company's current policy concerning the payment of trade creditors is to:
settle the terms of payment with suppliers when agreeing the terms of each transaction;
ensure that suppliers are made aware of the terms of payment by inclusion of the relevant terms in contracts; and
pay in accordance with the company's contractual and other legal obligations.
Trade creditors of the company at the year end were £nil (December 2023: £15,411).
a. Constitution
The Foundation is a charitable company limited by guarantee . The company was incorporated under a Memorandum of Association on 1 May 2014 and is a registered charity, charity number 1162762. It received charitable status on 21 July 2015.
The Trustees, who are also the directors for the purpose of company law, and who served during the year and up to the date of signature of the financial statements were:
Dr J Haga (Resigned 15 May 2024)
Prof. C M B Mederios (Resigned 15 May 2024)
Ms J E Benn
Ms H J Hanahoe
Dr J G Maphanyane
Mr L Wilson
Ms A L Nurnberger
Prof. W Horstmann
Dr J C Bicarregui
Ms S Garavelli (Appointed 20 June 2024)
Dr. M Marques De Barros Cruz (Appointed 16 May 2024)
Dr. P A Munoz Palma (Appointed 16 May 2024)
Dr. M Tanfuji (Appointed 16 May 2024)
Ms E Herczog (Resigned 1 January 2024)
Ms I Dillo (Resigned 1 January 2024)
b. Methods of appointment or election of Trustees
The Foundation is governed in accordance with its Articles of Association as a Company limited by guarantee and not having share capital (company number 9021881). The Foundation is governed by its trustees who are also directors of the company and act as the Council for RDA.
Council currently consists of nine members who serve rotating three-year terms, so that three members are appointed each year. The RDA legal entity headquarters are hosted by UKRI STFC (Host organisation). The Host Organisation, as outlined in the Memorandum of Understanding, nominates a representative of STFC to be a non-voting consensus forming member of the RDA Council. The main role and responsibility of this representative is to liaise between the Foundation’s hosting organisation and RDA Council to ensure good ethical, financial, legal and organisational conduct of the RDA Foundation in the UK. Furthermore, this representative is a member of the RDA Financial Subcommittee (FSC) to provide access and insights to the financial aspects of the legal entity. Each year, a Nomination Committee appointed by Council determines a slate of three candidates. The slate is presented to the RDA Membership, and the recommendation of the Nomination Committee is either accepted or rejected by simple majority.
The RDA Governance Document and RDA Organisational and Process Plan lay out the processes for determining the Nominations committee and Council election and appointment. The documents are available on RDA's website (rd-alliance.org).
None of the Trustees has any beneficial interest in the company. All of the Trustees are members of the company and guarantee to contribute £1 in the event of a winding up.
Company Registered Number
09021881
Charity Registered Number
1162762
Registered Office
Rutherford Appleton Laboratory
Harwell Oxford
Didcot
Oxfordshire
OX11 0QX
Company Secretary
H J Hanahoe
Independent Examiner
Fiona Haro CA
Thomson Cooper Accountants
3 Castle Court
Carnegie Campus
Dunfermline
KY11 8PB
The Trustees, who are also the directors of Research Data Alliance Foundation for the purpose of company law, are responsible for preparing the Trustees' Report and the financial statements in accordance with applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice).
Company law requires the Trustees to prepare financial statements for each financial year which give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the Foundation and of the incoming resources and application of resources, including the income and expenditure, of the charitable company for that year.
In preparing these financial statements, the Trustees are required to:
- select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently;
- observe the methods and principles in the Charities SORP;
- make judgements and estimates that are reasonable and prudent;
- state whether applicable UK Accounting Standards have been followed, subject to any material departures disclosed and explained in the financial statements; and
- prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that the Foundation will continue in operation.
The Trustees are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the Foundation and enable them to ensure that the financial statements comply with the Companies Act 2006. They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the Foundation and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities.
The Trustees' report was approved by the Board of Trustees.
I report to the Trustees on my examination of the financial statements of Research Data Alliance Foundation (the Foundation) for the year ended 31 December 2024.
Having satisfied myself that the financial statements of the Foundation are not required to be audited under Part 16 of the Companies Act 2006 and are eligible for independent examination, I report in respect of my examination of the Foundation’s financial statements carried out under section 145 of the Charities Act 2011. In carrying out my examination I have followed the Directions given by the Charity Commission under section 145(5)(b) of the Charities Act 2011.
Since the Foundation’s gross income exceeded £250,000, the independent examiner must be a member of a body listed in section 145 of the Charities Act 2011. I confirm that I am qualified to undertake the examination because I am a member of ICAS, which is one of the listed bodies.
I have completed my examination. I confirm that no matters have come to my attention in connection with the examination giving me cause to believe that in any material respect:
accounting records were not kept in respect of the Foundation as required by section 386 of the Companies Act 2006.
the financial statements do not accord with those records; or
the financial statements do not comply with the accounting requirements of section 396 of the Companies Act 2006 other than any requirement that the financial statements give a true and fair view, which is not a matter considered as part of an independent examination; or
the financial statements have not been prepared in accordance with the methods and principles of the Statement of Recommended Practice for accounting and reporting by charities applicable to charities preparing their financial statements in accordance with the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102).
I have no concerns and have come across no other matters in connection with the examination to which attention should be drawn in this report in order to enable a proper understanding of the financial statements to be reached.
The statement of financial activities includes all gains and losses recognised in the year. All income and expenditure derive from continuing activities.
Research Data Alliance Foundation is a private company limited by guarantee incorporated in England and Wales. The registered office is Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell Oxford, Didcot, Oxfordshire, OX11 0QX. .
There were no significant estimates or judgements made by management in preparing these financial statements.
Unrestricted funds are available for use at the discretion of the Trustees in furtherance of their charitable objectives.
Restricted funds are subject to specific conditions by donors or grantors as to how they may be used. The purposes and uses of the restricted funds are set out in the notes to the financial statements.
Cash donations are recognised on receipt. Other donations are recognised once the Foundation has been notified of the donation, unless performance conditions require deferral of the amount. Income tax recoverable in relation to donations received under Gift Aid or deeds of covenant is recognised at the time of the donation.
Grant income is recognised by the Foundation when there has been notification of the amount and the settlement date. In the event that a grant is subject to conditions that require a level of performance before the Foundation is entitled to those funds, the income is deferred. If a grant is subject to strict terms as to the use of those funds , the grant is treated as a restricted fund and accounted for accordingly. Where the receipt of grant income is contingent on certain aspects, such that the Foundation does not have full entitlement and is not able to accurately establish measurement of the income, it is disclosed as a contingent asset in the accounts.
Membership income is recognised in the period to which it relates. Membership income owing to the Foundation at the year end is included in debtors. Different levels of membership attract different fees and carry different rights for the members.
Expenditure is recognised once there is a legal or constructive obligation to transfer economic benefit to a third party, it is probable that a transfer of economic benefits will be required in settlement, and the amount of the obligation can be measured reliably.
Expenditure is classified by activity. The costs of each activity are made up of the total of direct costs and shared costs, including support costs involved in undertaking each activity. Direct costs attributable to a single activity are allocated directly to that activity. Shared costs which contribute to more than one activity and support costs which are not attributable to a single activity are apportioned between those activities on a basis consistent with the use of resources. Central staff costs are allocated on the basis of time spent, and depreciation charges are allocated on the portion of the asset’s use.
All expenditure is accounted for on an accruals basis. All expenses including support costs and governance costs are allocated to the applicable expenditure headings.
Governance costs are those incurred in connection with administration of the Foundation and compliance with constitutional and statutory requirements.
Cash and cash equivalents include cash in hand, deposits held at call with banks, other short-term liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less, and bank overdrafts. Bank overdrafts are shown within borrowings in current liabilities.
The cost of any unused holiday entitlement is recognised in the period in which the employee’s services are received.
Termination benefits are recognised immediately as an expense when the Foundation is demonstrably committed to terminate the employment of an employee or to provide termination benefits.
Payments to defined contribution retirement benefit schemes are charged as an expense as they fall due.
Transactions in currencies other than pounds sterling are recorded at the rates of exchange prevailing at the dates of the transactions. At each reporting end date, monetary assets and liabilities that are denominated in foreign currencies are retranslated at the rates prevailing on the reporting end date. Gains and losses arising on translation in the period are included in profit or loss.
Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated into sterling at rates of exchange ruling at the reporting date.
Transactions in foreign currencies are translated into sterling at the rate ruling on the date of the transaction.
Exchange gains and losses are recognised in the statement of financial activities,
Membership income
Regional Engagement
Plenary Income
Contract costs
Travel costs
Professional fees
Irrecoverable VAT
Foreign exchange differences
Bank charges
Sundry costs
Website costs
Bad Debts
The charity consider its key management personnel to be the Trustees and Company. All of the Trustees give their time and expertise without any form of remuneration or other benefit in kind (2023 - £nil). The Company Secretary's costs are recharged from a third party and amounted to £168,734 for the period (2023 - £113,859).
The average monthly number of employees during the year was:
The charity is exempt from taxation on its activities because all its income is applied for charitable purposes.
The Foundation operates a defined contribution pension scheme for all qualifying employees. The assets of the scheme are held separately from those of the Foundation in an independently administered fund.
The restricted funds of the charity comprise the unexpended balances of donations and grants held on trust subject to specific conditions by donors as to how they may be used.
RDA Tiger Project
For website development
RDA P20
For P20 Congress and future plenary meetings.
Sarah Jones Award Fund
These funds are dedicated to ‘The Sarah Jones Award for exceptional contribution to fostering collaboration in Open Science‘. These funds are the result of individual and organisation donations towards a fund for an annual award, instituted in 2024, to be given, every 2 years, to a nominee that is recognised for outstanding contribution to Open Science.
The unrestricted funds of the charity comprise the unexpended balances of donations and grants which are not subject to specific conditions by donors and grantors as to how they may be used.
There were no disclosable related party transactions during the year (2023 - none).