Registered number
06179029
Kuhmichel Abrasiv Limited
Report and Financial Statements
31 December 2024
Kuhmichel Abrasiv Limited
Report and accounts
Contents
Page
Company information 1
Strategic report 2
Directors' report 4
Independent auditor's report 6
Income statement 8
Statement of comprehensive income 9
Statement of financial position 10
Statement of changes in equity 11
Statement of cash flows 12
Notes to the financial statements 13
Kuhmichel Abrasiv Limited
Company Information
Directors
Mr D Grundei
Mr R Scholtens
Mrs M Drywa
Secretary
Mr S E Lewis
Auditors
Sycamore Accountancy Services Limited
29 Blenheim Road
Moseley
Birmingham
B13 9TY
Bankers
Commerzbank AG
30 Gresham Street
London
EC2P 2XY
Registered office
Astonfields Industrial Estate
Drummond Road
Stafford
Staffs
ST16 3EL
Registered number
06179029
Kuhmichel Abrasiv Limited
Strategic Report
The directors present their strategic report together with the audited financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2024.
Principal activities
The company's income is derived from the wholesale of refractory material, abrasives and other industrial products in both the UK and worldwide markets.
Business review
The directors are satisfied with the performance of the company and its financial position at the end of the year. Turnover for the year of £14,520,408 represents an increase of £687,849 over the prior year. The operating profit for the year of £1,359,515, is higher than the prior year figure of £1,054,440; given the challenging global inflationary pressures the directors are satisfied with the company's performance during the year.
The company maintained a healthy balance sheet increasing net asset value from £3,894,666 at the end of 2023 to £4,066,278 on 31 December 2024.
Dividends of £700,000 were paid in the year (2023 £500,000). It is expected that all future surplus cash will be invested in enhancing and growing the company.
Principal risks and uncertainties
The company's strategy is subject to a number of risks and uncertainties.
The company operates in competitive markets and mitigates the risk of weakening its competitive position by continually improving the customer experience and regularly investing in its infrastructure and expansion into new territories.
The company operates from the UK but has customers and suppliers in other jurisdictions as well such as Europe, Asia and Australasia and continues to encounter uncertainties and difficulties with imports and exports. The directors consider and carefully manage these on a regular basis and seek professional advice where necessary.
The company is exposed to customer credit risk, in full. There is no significant concentration of risk, because exposure is spread over a broad customer base. The directors review outstanding debts regularly, with prompt action taken where individual debts are of concern.
The company is exposed to liquidity risk if cash is not available to meet its obligations when they fall due. The directors monitor and forecast profits and cash flow to meet the financial covenants of its term loans and ensure sufficient funds are available for its day to day operations and future investment plans.
The company is also exposed to currency risk. Where considered appropriate the company uses forward cover or similar instruments to cover anticipated currency fluctuations. However, the company is still exposed to movements in exchange rates.
Kuhmichel Abrasiv Limited
Strategic Report (continued)
Going concern
Despite the risks the global economic climate presents, the directors expect the company to continue trading successfully for the foreseeable future on the basis of the company's own cash flows and financing arrangements with it's bankers and parent company. For this reason, they continue to adopt the going concern basis in preparing the financial statements.
Key performance indicators
The key performance indicators are set out below and are used to monitor the performance of the company:
Year ended 31 Year ended 31
December 2024 December 2023
Turnover £14,520,408 £13,832,559
Gross margin £4,705,352 £3,919,702
Operating profit £1,359,515 £1,054,440
Net current assets £2,488,991 £2,343,698
Shareholder funds £4,066,278 £3,894,666
Key performance indicators are measured against prior year, budget and forecasts. The company's performance in the year was in line with expectations.
This report was approved by the board on 23 September 2025 and signed on its behalf.
Mrs M Drywa
Director
Kuhmichel Abrasiv Limited
Registered number: 06179029
Directors' Report
The directors present their report and financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2024.
Principal activities
The company's principal activity during the year continued to be the wholesale, export and import of refractory material, abrasives and other industrial products.
Future developments
The directors continue to seek growth through both existing customers and new opportunities as they arise and are satisfied the company's reserves provide the financial strength to pursue these opportunities. The company continues to pursue growth within the Australian market.
Dividends
Ordinary dividends were paid amounting to £700,000. The directors do not recommend payment of a further dividend.
Directors
The following persons served as directors during the year:
Mr D Grundei
Mr R Scholtens
Mrs M Drywa
Directors' responsibilities
The directors are responsible for preparing the report and financial statements in accordance with applicable law and regulations.
Company law requires the directors to prepare financial statements for each financial year. Under that law the directors have elected to prepare the financial statements in accordance with United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice (Financial Reporting Standard 102 and applicable law). Under company law the directors must not approve the financial statements unless they are satisfied that they give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the company and of the profit or loss of the company for that period. In preparing these financial statements, the directors are required to:
select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently;
make judgements and estimates that are reasonable and prudent;
state whether applicable UK Accounting Standards have been followed, subject to any material departures disclosed and explained in the financial statements;
prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that the company will continue in business.
The directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that are sufficient to show and explain the company's transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the company and enable them to ensure that the financial statements comply with the Companies Act 2006. They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the company and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities.
Disclosure of information to auditors
Each person who was a director at the time this report was approved confirms that:
so far as they are aware, there is no relevant audit information of which the company's auditor is unaware; and
they have taken all the steps that they ought to have taken as a director in order to make himself aware of any relevant audit information and to establish that the company's auditor is aware of that information.
This report was approved by the board on 23 September 2025 and signed on its behalf.
Mrs M Drywa
Director
Kuhmichel Abrasiv Limited
Independent auditor's report
to the members of Kuhmichel Abrasiv Limited
Opinion
We have audited the financial statements of Kuhmichel Abrasiv Limited (the 'company') for the year ended 31 December 2024 which comprise the Income Statement, the Statement of Comprehensive Income, the Statement of Financial Position, the Statement of Changes in Equity, the Statement of Cash Flows and notes to the financial statements, including significant accounting policies. The financial reporting framework that has been applied in their preparation is applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards, including Financial Reporting Standard 102 'The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and the Republic of Ireland' (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice).
In our opinion the financial statements:
give a true and fair view of the state of the company's affairs as at 31 December 2024 and of its profit for the year then ended;
have been properly prepared in accordance with United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice;
have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006.
Basis for opinion
We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and applicable law. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements section of our report. We are independent of the company in accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in the UK, including the FRC’s Ethical Standard, and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.
Conclusions relating to going concern
In auditing the financial statements, we have concluded that the directors' use of the going concern basis of accounting in the preparation of the financial statements is appropriate.
Based on the work we have performed, we have not identified any material uncertainties relating to events or conditions that, individually or collectively, may cast significant doubt on the company's ability to continue as a going concern for a period of at least twelve months from when the financial statements are authorised for issue.
Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of the directors with respect to going concern are described in the relevant sections of this report.
Other information
The other information comprises the information included in the annual report other than the financial statements and our auditor’s report thereon. The directors are responsible for the other information contained within the annual report. Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and, except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in our report, we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon. Our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the course of the audit, or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If we identify such material inconsistencies or apparent material misstatements, we are required to determine whether this gives rise to a material misstatement in the financial statements themselves. If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact.
We have nothing to report in this regard.
Opinions on other matters prescribed by the Companies Act 2006
In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of the audit:
the information given in the strategic report and the directors’ report for the financial year for which the financial statements are prepared is consistent with the financial statements; and
the strategic report and the directors’ report have been prepared in accordance with applicable legal requirements.
Matters on which we are required to report by exception
In the light of the knowledge and understanding of the company and its environment obtained in the course of the audit, we have not identified material misstatements in the strategic report or the directors’ report.
We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters in relation to which the Companies Act 2006 requires us to report to you if, in our opinion:
adequate accounting records have not been kept, or returns adequate for our audit have not been received from branches not visited by us; or
the financial statements are not in agreement with the accounting records and returns; or
certain disclosures of directors’ remuneration specified by law are not made; or
we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit.
Responsibilities of directors
As explained more fully in the directors’ responsibilities statement, the directors are responsible for the preparation of the financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair view, and for such internal control as the directors determine is necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.
In preparing the financial statements, the directors are responsible for assessing the company’s ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the directors either intend to liquidate the company or to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so.
Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements.
Based on our understanding of the company and its industry, we identified the principal risks of non-compliance with laws and regulations and we considered the extent to which non-compliance might have a material effect on the financial statements. We also considered those laws and regulations that have a direct impact on the preparation of the financial statements such as the Companies Act 2006, United Kingdon Generally Accepted Accounting Practice, health and safety and environmental regulations.

We evaluated management's incentives and opportunities for fraudulent manipulation of the financial statements and determined that the principal risks were related to posting inappropriate journal entries to increase revenue or reduce expenditure, and management bias in accounting estimates and judgements. In response to the above identified risks, audit procedures included, but were not limited to;

- Reviewing and challenging journal entries, in particular unusual account combinations;
- Revenue year end cut-off procedures;
- Discussions with management; including consideration of known or suspected instances of non-compliance with laws and regulation and fraud;
- Challenging assumptions and judgements made by management in their significant accounting estimates; and
- Discussions with management, including consideration of known or suspected instances of non-compliance with laws and regulations and fraud.

Owing to the inherent limitations of an audit, there is an unavoidable risk that we may not have detected some material misstatements in the financial statements, even though we have properly planned and performed our audit in accordance with auditing standards. For example, the further removed non-compliance with laws and regulations (irregularities) is from the events and transactions reflected in the financial statements, the less likely the inherently limited procedures required by auditing standards would identify it. In addition, as with any audit, there remains a risk of not detecting irregularities, as these may include collusion, forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations or the override of internal controls. We are not responsible for preventing non-compliance and cannot be expected to detect non-compliance with all laws and regulations.
A further description of our responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements is available on the Financial Reporting Council’s website at www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities. This description forms part of our auditor’s report.
Use of our report
This report is made solely to the company's members, as a body, in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of the Companies Act 2006. Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the company's members those matters we are required to state to them in an auditor's report and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other than the company and the company's members as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we have formed.
Neil Ramage
(Senior Statutory Auditor) 29 Blenheim Road
for and on behalf of Moseley
Sycamore Accountancy Services Limited Birmingham
Statutory Auditor
23 September 2025 B13 9TY
Kuhmichel Abrasiv Limited
Income Statement
for the year ended 31 December 2024
Notes 2024 2023
£ £
Turnover 2 14,520,408 13,832,559
Cost of sales (9,815,056) (9,912,857)
Gross profit 4,705,352 3,919,702
Distribution costs (985,417) (525,990)
Administrative expenses (2,360,420) (2,339,272)
Operating profit 3 1,359,515 1,054,440
Interest payable 6 (188,715) (225,821)
Profit on ordinary activities before taxation 1,170,800 828,619
Tax on profit on ordinary activities 7 (299,188) (208,563)
Profit for the financial year 871,612 620,056
Kuhmichel Abrasiv Limited
Statement of Comprehensive Income
for the year ended 31 December 2024
Notes 2024 2023
£ £
Profit for the financial year 871,612 620,056
Other comprehensive income
Total comprehensive income for the year 871,612 620,056
Kuhmichel Abrasiv Limited
Statement of Financial Position
as at 31 December 2024
Notes 2024 2023
£ £
Fixed assets
Tangible assets 9 1,596,114 1,601,313
Current assets
Stocks 10 4,468,378 4,277,671
Debtors 11 1,798,843 1,732,083
Cash at bank and in hand 729,526 627,244
6,996,747 6,636,998
Creditors: amounts falling due within one year 12 (4,507,756) (4,293,300)
Net current assets 2,488,991 2,343,698
Total assets less current liabilities 4,085,105 3,945,011
Creditors: amounts falling due after more than one year 13 (16,474) (34,661)
Provisions for liabilities
Deferred taxation 16 (2,353) (15,684)
Net assets 4,066,278 3,894,666
Capital and reserves
Called up share capital 17 100,000 100,000
Profit and loss account 18 3,966,278 3,794,666
Total equity 4,066,278 3,894,666
Mrs M Drywa
Director
Approved by the board on 23 September 2025
Kuhmichel Abrasiv Limited
Statement of Changes in Equity
for the year ended 31 December 2024
Share Profit Total
capital and loss
account
£ £ £
At 1 January 2023 100,000 3,674,610 3,774,610
Profit for the financial year 620,056 620,056
Dividends (500,000) (500,000)
At 31 December 2023 100,000 3,794,666 3,894,666
At 1 January 2024 100,000 3,794,666 3,894,666
Profit for the financial year 871,612 871,612
Dividends (700,000) (700,000)
At 31 December 2024 100,000 3,966,278 4,066,278
Kuhmichel Abrasiv Limited
Statement of Cash Flows
for the year ended 31 December 2024
Notes 2024 2023
£ £
Operating activities
Profit for the financial year 871,612 620,056
Adjustments for:
Interest payable 188,715 225,821
Tax on profit on ordinary activities 299,188 208,563
Depreciation 113,440 102,724
Amortisation of goodwill - 31,758
(Increase)/decrease in stocks (190,707) 1,224,910
(Increase)/decrease in debtors (66,760) 56,561
Decrease in creditors (188,561) (817,358)
1,026,927 1,653,035
Interest paid (188,715) (225,821)
Corporation tax paid (192,828) (244,175)
Cash generated by operating activities 645,384 1,183,039
Investing activities
Payments to acquire tangible fixed assets (141,404) (239,495)
Proceeds from sale of tangible fixed assets 33,163 101,170
Cash used in investing activities (108,241) (138,325)
Financing activities
Equity dividends paid (700,000) (500,000)
Repayment of loans 281,000 (700,000)
Capital element of finance lease payments (15,861) (684)
Cash used in financing activities (434,861) (1,200,684)
Net cash generated/(used)
Cash generated by operating activities 645,384 1,183,039
Cash used in investing activities (108,241) (138,325)
Cash used in financing activities (434,861) (1,200,684)
Net cash generated/(used) 102,282 (155,970)
Cash and cash equivalents at 1 January 627,244 783,214
Cash and cash equivalents at 31 December 729,526 627,244
Cash and cash equivalents comprise:
Cash at bank 729,526 627,244
Kuhmichel Abrasiv Limited
Notes to the Accounts
for the year ended 31 December 2024
1 Summary of significant accounting policies
Basis of preparation
The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention and in accordance with FRS 102, The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland. The financial statements are prepared in sterling, the functional currency of the company.
Going concern
At the time of approving the financial statements, the directors have a reasonable expectation that on the basis of the company's own cash flows and financing arrangements with it's bankers and parent company, the company has adequate resources to continue in operational existence for the forseeable future. Thus the directors continue to adopt the going concern basis of accounting in preparing the financial statements.
Turnover
Turnover is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable, net of discounts and value added taxes. The fair value of consideration takes into acccount trade discounts, settlement discounts and volume rebates.

Turnover includes revenue earned from the sale of goods. Turnover from the sale of goods is recognised when the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the goods have transferred to the buyer (usually on despatch of goods), the amount of revenue can be measured reliably, it is probable that the economic benefits associated with the transaction will flow to the entity and the costs incurred or to be incurred in respect of the transaction can be measured reliably.
Intangible fixed assets
Intangible fixed assets are measured at cost less accumulative amortisation and any accumulative impairment losses.
Tangible fixed assets
Tangible fixed assets are measured at cost less accumulative depreciation and any accumulative impairment losses. Depreciation is provided on all tangible fixed assets, other than freehold land, at rates calculated to write off the cost, less estimated residual value, of each asset evenly over its expected useful life, as follows:
Freehold buildings over 50 years
Plant and machinery 15% to 25% reducing balance and 33% straight line
Motor vehicles 25% reducing balance
Fixtures, fittings, tools and equipment 15% reducing balance
Freehold land Not depreciated
Stocks
Stocks are measured at the lower of cost and estimated selling price less costs to complete and sell. Cost includes the purchase price of goods and additional costs which are directly attributable to bringing the goods to their location and condition such as shipping and freight costs and import duties. The carrying amount of stock sold is recognised as an expense in the period in which the related revenue is recognised.

Stocks are assessed for impairment. If stock is impaired, the carrying amount is reduced to its selling price less costs to complete and sell. The impairment loss is recognised immediately in the income statement.
Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents are basic financial assets and include cash in hand, deposits held at call with banks, other short-term liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less, and bank overdrafts. Bank overdrafts are shown within borrowings in current liabilities.
Financial instruments
The group has elected to apply the provisions of Section 11 ‘Basic Financial Instruments’ and Section 12 ‘Other Financial Instruments Issues’ of FRS 102 to all of its financial instruments. Financial instruments are recognised in the company's balance sheet when the company becomes party to the contractual provisions of the instrument. Financial assets and liabilities are offset and the net amounts presented in the financial statements when there is a legally enforceable right to set off the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis or to realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.
Basic financial assets
Basic financial assets, which include debtors and cash and bank balances, are initially measured at transaction price including transaction costs and are subsequently carried at amortised cost using the effective interest method unless the arrangement constitutes a financing transaction, where the transaction is measured at the present value of the future receipts discounted at a market rate of interest. Financial assets classified as receivable within one year are not amortised.
Other financial assets
Other financial assets, including investments in equity instruments which are not subsidiaries, associates or joint ventures, are initially measured at fair value, which is normally the transaction price. Such assets are subsequently carried at fair value and the changes in fair value are recognised in profit or loss, except that investments in equity instruments that are not publicly traded and whose fair values cannot be measured reliably are measured at cost less impairment.
Impairment of financial assets
Financial assets, other than those held at fair value through profit and loss, are assessed for indicators of impairment at each reporting end date. Financial assets are impaired where there is objective evidence that, as a result of one or more events that occurred after the initial recognition of the financial asset, the estimated future cash flows have been affected. If an asset is impaired, the impairment loss is the difference between the carrying amount and the present value of the estimated cash flows discounted at the asset’s original effective interest rate. The impairment loss is recognised in profit or loss. If there is a decrease in the impairment loss arising from an event occurring after the impairment was recognised, the impairment is reversed. The reversal is such that the current carrying amount does not exceed what the carrying amount would have been, had the impairment not previously been recognised. The impairment reversal is recognised in profit or loss.
Derecognition of financial assets
Financial assets are derecognised only when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the asset expire or are settled, or when the group transfers the financial asset and substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership to another entity, or if some significant risks and rewards of ownership are retained but control of the asset has transferred to another party that is able to sell the asset in its entirety to an unrelated third party.
Classification of financial liabilities
Financial liabilities and equity instruments are classified according to the substance of the contractual arrangements entered into. An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of the company after deducting all of its liabilities.
Basic financial liabilities
Basic financial liabilities, including creditors, bank loans, loans from fellow group companies and preference shares that are classified as debt, are initially recognised at transaction price unless the arrangement constitutes a financing transaction, where the debt instrument is measured at the present value of the future payments discounted at a market rate of interest. Financial liabilities classified as payable within one year are not amortised. Debt instruments are subsequently carried at amortised cost, using the effective interest rate method. Trade creditors are obligations to pay for goods or services that have been acquired in the ordinary course of business from suppliers. Amounts payable are classified as current liabilities if payment is due within one year or less. If not, they are presented as non-current liabilities. Trade creditors are recognised initially at transaction price and subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method.
Other financial liabilities
Derivatives, including interest rate swaps and forward foreign exchange contracts, are not basic financial instruments. Derivatives are initially recognised at fair value on the date a derivative contract is entered into and are subsequently re-measured at their fair value. Changes in the fair value of derivatives are recognised in profit or loss in finance costs or finance income as appropriate, unless hedge accounting is applied and the hedge is a cash flow hedge. Debt instruments that do not meet the conditions in FRS 102 paragraph 11.9 are subsequently measured at fair value through profit or loss. Debt instruments may be designated as being measured at fair value though profit or loss to eliminate or reduce an accounting mismatch or if the instruments are measured and their performance evaluated on a fair value basis in accordance with a documented risk management or investment strategy.
Derecognition of financial liabilities
Financial liabilities are derecognised when the company's contractual obligations expire or are discharged or cancelled.
Equity instruments
Equity instruments issued by the company are recorded at the proceeds received, net of transaction costs. Dividends payable on equity instruments are recognised as liabilities once they are no longer at the discretion of the company.
Taxation
A current tax liability is recognised for the tax payable on the taxable profit of the current and past periods. A current tax asset is recognised in respect of a tax loss that can be carried back to recover tax paid in a previous period. Deferred tax is recognised in respect of all timing differences between the recognition of income and expenses in the financial statements and their inclusion in tax assessments. Unrelieved tax losses and other deferred tax assets are recognised only to the extent that it is probable that they will be recovered against the reversal of deferred tax liabilities or other future taxable profits. Deferred tax is measured using the tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the reporting date and that are expected to apply to the reversal of the timing difference, except for revalued land and investment property where the tax rate that applies to the sale of the asset is used. Current and deferred tax assets and liabilities are not discounted.
Provisions
Provisions (ie liabilities of uncertain timing or amount) are recognised when there is an obligation at the reporting date as a result of a past event, it is probable that economic benefit will be transferred to settle the obligation and the amount of the obligation can be estimated reliably.
Foreign currency translation
Transactions in foreign currencies are initially recognised at the rate of exchange ruling at the date of the transaction.

At the end of each reporting period foreign currency monetary items are translated at the closing rate of exchange. Non-monetary items that are measured at historical cost are translated at the rate ruling at the date of the transaction. All differences are charged to profit or loss.
Leased assets
A lease is classified as a finance lease if it transfers substantially all the risks and rewards incidental to ownership. All other leases are classified as operating leases. The rights of use and obligations under finance leases are initially recognised as assets and liabilities at amounts equal to the fair value of the leased assets or, if lower, the present value of the minimum lease payments. Minimum lease payments are apportioned between the finance charge and the reduction in the outstanding liability using the effective interest rate method. The finance charge is allocated to each period during the lease so as to produce a constant periodic rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability. Leased assets are depreciated in accordance with the company's policy for tangible fixed assets. If there is no reasonable certainty that ownership will be obtained at the end of the lease term, the asset is depreciated over the lower of the lease term and its useful life. Operating lease payments are recognised as an expense on a straight line basis over the lease term.
Pensions
Contributions to defined contribution plans are expensed in the period to which they relate.
Judgement and key sources of estimation uncertainty
In the application of the company's accounting policies, the directors are required to make judgements, estimates and assumptions about the carrying amount of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. The estimates and associated assumptions are based on historical experience and other factors that are considered to be relevant. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised in the period in which the estimate is revised where the revision affects only that period, or in the period of the revision and future periods where the revision affects both current and future periods.
Key sources of estimation uncertainty which have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amount of assets and liabilities are as follows:
Impairment of stock:
The directors include impairment provisions based on the age and sales history of individual lines of stock. Where the directors consider there will be no future sales the individual stock line is written down to its assessed net realisable value.
Fixed asset useful economic lives and depreciation:
The directors have made key judgements regarding the remaining useful economic life of the company's significant assets in applying depreciation rates, the most significant areas being land and buildings. The significant assets included in these categories are depreciated as set out in the accounting policies above, and are considered to be the directors best estimate of the useful economic life based on the directors' knowledge of the business.
2 Analysis of turnover 2024 2023
£ £
Sale of goods 14,520,408 13,832,559
By geographical market:
UK 8,351,898 8,422,700
Europe 1,802,462 1,429,690
Australia 2,620,330 2,301,364
Rest of the world 1,745,718 1,678,805
14,520,408 13,832,559
3 Operating profit 2024 2023
£ £
This is stated after charging:
Depreciation of owned fixed assets 106,837 94,956
Depreciation of assets held under finance leases and hire purchase contracts 6,603 7,768
Amortisation of goodwill - 31,758
Exchange losses 82,498 66,164
Auditors' remuneration for audit services 10,000 9,625
Carrying amount of stock sold 9,799,909 9,889,707
4 Directors' emoluments 2024 2023
£ £
Emoluments 206,730 201,155
Company contributions to defined contribution pension plans 16,761 14,866
223,491 216,021
Highest paid director:
Emoluments 115,250 105,000
Company contributions to defined contribution pension plans 16,761 5,250
132,011 110,250
Number of directors to whom retirement benefits accrued: 2024 2023
Number Number
Defined contribution plans 2 2
5 Staff costs 2024 2023
£ £
Wages and salaries 1,141,336 1,234,233
Social security costs 94,324 101,409
Other pension costs 53,215 50,977
1,288,875 1,386,619
Average number of employees during the year Number Number
Administration 11 10
Manufacturing 4 4
Sales 5 6
20 20
6 Interest payable 2024 2023
£ £
Bank loans and overdrafts 188,715 221,293
Other loans - 4,528
188,715 225,821
7 Taxation 2024 2023
£ £
Analysis of charge in period
Current tax:
UK corporation tax on profits of the period 312,519 200,828
Deferred tax:
Origination and reversal of timing differences (13,331) 7,735
Tax on profit on ordinary activities 299,188 208,563
Factors affecting tax charge for period
The differences between the tax assessed for the period and the standard rate of corporation tax are explained as follows:
2024 2023
£ £
Profit on ordinary activities before tax 1,170,800 828,619
Standard rate of corporation tax in the UK 25% 25%
2024 2023
£ £
Profit on ordinary activities multiplied by the standard rate of corporation tax 292,700 207,155
Effects of:
Expenses not deductible for tax purposes 1,646 2,715
Capital allowances for period in excess of depreciation 18,173 (9,042)
Current tax charge for period 312,519 200,828
8 Intangible fixed assets £
Goodwill:
Cost
At 1 January 2024 309,585
At 31 December 2024 309,585
Amortisation
At 1 January 2024 309,585
At 31 December 2024 309,585
Carrying amount
At 31 December 2024 -
Goodwill has been written off in equal annual instalments over its estimated economic life of 5 years.
9 Tangible fixed assets
Land and buildings Motor vehicles Fixtures, fittings, tools and equipment Total
At cost At cost At cost
£ £ £ £
Cost or valuation
At 1 January 2024 1,493,251 205,330 370,109 2,068,690
Additions - 134,028 7,376 141,404
Disposals - (44,217) - (44,217)
At 31 December 2024 1,493,251 295,141 377,485 2,165,877
Depreciation
At 1 January 2024 180,335 51,332 235,710 467,377
Charge for the year 25,600 63,716 24,124 113,440
On disposals - (11,054) - (11,054)
At 31 December 2024 205,935 103,994 259,834 569,763
Carrying amount
At 31 December 2024 1,287,316 191,147 117,651 1,596,114
At 31 December 2023 1,312,916 153,998 134,399 1,601,313
2024 2023
£ £
Carrying value of plant and machinery included above held under finance leases and hire purchase contracts 37,415 44,018
10 Stocks 2024 2023
£ £
Raw materials and consumables 4,468,378 4,277,671
The carrying value of stocks are stated net of stock provisions totalling £22,500 (2023 £Nil).
11 Debtors 2024 2023
£ £
Trade debtors 1,675,435 1,697,299
Amounts owed by group undertakings and undertakings in which the company has a participating interest 16,116 16,187
Other debtors - 350
Prepayments and accrued income 107,292 18,247
1,798,843 1,732,083
12 Creditors: amounts falling due within one year 2024 2023
£ £
Bank loans 2,800,000 2,519,000
Obligations under finance lease and hire purchase contracts 17,247 14,921
Trade creditors 638,247 1,039,561
Amounts owed to group undertakings and undertakings in which the company has a participating interest - 3,154
Corporation tax 210,519 90,828
Other taxes and social security costs 327,934 203,794
Other creditors 48,794 3,114
Accruals and deferred income 465,015 418,928
4,507,756 4,293,300
13 Creditors: amounts falling due after one year 2024 2023
£ £
Obligations under finance lease and hire purchase contracts 16,474 34,661
14 Loans 2024 2023
£ £
Analysis of maturity of debt:
Within one year or on demand 2,800,000 2,519,000
15 Obligations under finance leases and hire purchase 2024 2023
contracts £ £
Amounts payable:
Within one year 17,247 14,921
Within two to five years 16,474 34,661
33,721 49,582
16 Deferred taxation 2024 2023
£ £
Accelerated capital allowances 2,353 15,684
2024 2023
£ £
At 1 January 15,684 7,949
(Credited)/charged to the profit and loss account (13,331) 7,735
At 31 December 2,353 15,684
17 Share capital Nominal 2024 2024 2023
value Number £ £
Allotted, called up and fully paid:
Ordinary shares £1 each 100,000 100,000 100,000
18 Profit and loss account 2024 2023
£ £
At 1 January 3,794,666 3,674,610
Profit for the financial year 871,612 620,056
Dividends (700,000) (500,000)
At 31 December 3,966,278 3,794,666
19 Dividends 2024 2023
£ £
Dividends on ordinary shares (note 18) 700,000 500,000
20 Other financial commitments
Total future minimum lease payments under non-cancellable operating leases:
Land and buildings Land and buildings Other Other
2024 2023 2024 2023
£ £ £ £
Falling due:
within one year - - 23,003 24,849
within two to five years - - 30,853 6,036
- - 53,856 30,885
21 Related party transactions
2024 2023
Kuhmichel Abrasiv GmbH £ £
Parent company, owns 60% of the issued share capital of the company.
Kuhmichel Abrasiv Limited made sales of £50,063, made purchases of £101,785, paid dividends of £420,000 and purchased management services of £43,135 from Kuhmichel Abrasiv GmbH during the year.
Amount due from/(to) Kuhmichel Abrasiv GmbH 6,518 12,763
Henkson Limited
Mr R Scholtens, a director of the company, owns 100% of the issued share capital of Henkson Limited. Henkson Limited owns 40% of the company.
Kuhmichel Abrasiv Limited paid dividends of £280,000 and purchased management services in the sum of £166,204 from Henkson Limited during the year.
Amount due from/(to) Henkson Limited - -
Kuhmichel Recycling GmbH
A group company incorporated in Germany.
During the year Kuhmichel Abrasiv Limited made sales of £43,199 and purchased materials in the sum of £29,661 from the related party.
Amount due from/(to) Kuhmichel Recycling GmbH 4,755 (3,154)
Kuhmichel Abrasiv B.V. 2024 2023
A group company incorporated in Holland. £ £
During the year Kuhmichel Abrasiv Limited made sales of £34,439 and purchased materials in the sum of £6,064 from the related party.
Amount due from/(to) Kuhmichel Abrasiv B.V. 2,180 2,885
Kuhmichel Abrasiv Austria GmbH
A group company incorporated in Austria.
Amount due from/(to) Kuhmichel Abrasiv Austria GmbH - 337
Kuhmichel Abrasiv South Africa (Pty) Ltd.
A group company incorporated in South Africa.
During the year Kuhmichel Abrasiv Limited purchased materials in the sum of £162,340 from the related party.
Amount due from/(to) Kuhmichel Abrasiv South Africa (Pty) Ltd. - 23
Kuhmichel Yuzey Islem Teknolojisi Tic.Ltd.
A group company incorporated in Turkey.
During the year Kuhmichel Abrasiv Limited made sales of £9,955 to the related party.
Amount due from/(to) Kuhmichel Yuzey Islem Teknolojisi Tic.Ltd. 2,663 179
Transactions with the directors
At 31 December 2024 the company owed Mr R Scoltens £48,794. This loan is interest free and repayable on demand.
22 Controlling party
The parent company is Kuhmichel Abrasiv Holding GmbH. The ultimate controlling party is DG Family Office GmbH, Am Rosenbaum 22, D-40882 Ratingen, Germany, a company wholly owned by Mr D Grundei.
23 Presentation currency
The financial statements are presented in Sterling.
24 Legal form of entity and country of incorporation
Kuhmichel Abrasiv Limited is a private company limited by shares and incorporated in England.
25 Principal place of business
The address of the company's principal place of business and registered office is:
Astonfields Industrial Estate
Drummond Road
Stafford
Staffs
ST16 3EL
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