Caseware UK (AP4) 2024.0.164 2024.0.164 2023-05-312023-05-3111false2024-01-01No description of principal activityfalse11falsefalse 09078650 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 09078650 2023-01-01 2023-12-31 09078650 2024-12-31 09078650 2023-12-31 09078650 2023-01-01 09078650 5 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 09078650 5 2023-01-01 2023-12-31 09078650 d:Director1 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 09078650 d:Director1 2024-12-31 09078650 d:Director2 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 09078650 d:Director2 2024-12-31 09078650 d:Director3 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 09078650 d:Director3 2024-12-31 09078650 d:Director4 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 09078650 d:Director4 2024-12-31 09078650 d:Director5 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 09078650 d:Director5 2024-12-31 09078650 d:Director6 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 09078650 d:Director6 2024-12-31 09078650 d:Director7 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 09078650 d:Director7 2024-12-31 09078650 d:RegisteredOffice 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 09078650 e:Buildings e:ShortLeaseholdAssets 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 09078650 e:Buildings e:ShortLeaseholdAssets 2024-12-31 09078650 e:Buildings e:ShortLeaseholdAssets 2023-12-31 09078650 e:PlantMachinery 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 09078650 e:PlantMachinery 2024-12-31 09078650 e:PlantMachinery 2023-12-31 09078650 e:PlantMachinery e:OwnedOrFreeholdAssets 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 09078650 e:MotorVehicles 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 09078650 e:MotorVehicles 2024-12-31 09078650 e:MotorVehicles 2023-12-31 09078650 e:MotorVehicles e:OwnedOrFreeholdAssets 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 09078650 e:OfficeEquipment 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 09078650 e:OfficeEquipment 2024-12-31 09078650 e:OfficeEquipment 2023-12-31 09078650 e:OfficeEquipment e:OwnedOrFreeholdAssets 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 09078650 e:OwnedOrFreeholdAssets 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 09078650 e:CurrentFinancialInstruments 2024-12-31 09078650 e:CurrentFinancialInstruments 2023-12-31 09078650 e:CurrentFinancialInstruments e:WithinOneYear 2024-12-31 09078650 e:CurrentFinancialInstruments e:WithinOneYear 2023-12-31 09078650 e:ReportableOperatingSegment1 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 09078650 e:ReportableOperatingSegment1 2023-01-01 2023-12-31 09078650 f:UnitedKingdom 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 09078650 f:UnitedKingdom 2023-01-01 2023-12-31 09078650 e:UKTax 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 09078650 e:UKTax 2023-01-01 2023-12-31 09078650 e:ShareCapital 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 09078650 e:ShareCapital 2024-12-31 09078650 e:ShareCapital 2023-01-01 2023-12-31 09078650 e:ShareCapital 2023-12-31 09078650 e:ShareCapital 2023-01-01 09078650 e:RetainedEarningsAccumulatedLosses 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 09078650 e:RetainedEarningsAccumulatedLosses 2024-12-31 09078650 e:RetainedEarningsAccumulatedLosses 2023-01-01 2023-12-31 09078650 e:RetainedEarningsAccumulatedLosses 2023-12-31 09078650 e:RetainedEarningsAccumulatedLosses 2023-01-01 09078650 e:AcceleratedTaxDepreciationDeferredTax 2024-12-31 09078650 e:AcceleratedTaxDepreciationDeferredTax 2023-12-31 09078650 d:OrdinaryShareClass1 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 09078650 d:OrdinaryShareClass1 2024-12-31 09078650 d:OrdinaryShareClass1 2023-12-31 09078650 d:FRS102 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 09078650 d:Audited 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 09078650 d:FullAccounts 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 09078650 d:PrivateLimitedCompanyLtd 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 09078650 e:WithinOneYear 2024-12-31 09078650 e:WithinOneYear 2023-12-31 09078650 e:BetweenOneFiveYears 2024-12-31 09078650 e:BetweenOneFiveYears 2023-12-31 09078650 e:MoreThanFiveYears 2024-12-31 09078650 e:MoreThanFiveYears 2023-12-31 09078650 2 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 09078650 g:PoundSterling 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 xbrli:shares iso4217:GBP xbrli:pure
Company registration number: 09078650











Top Blue Limited
Annual Report and Financial Statements
For the Year Ended 31 December 2024

















Coveney Nicholls Partnership LLP
Chartered Accountants & Statutory Auditor
The Old Wheel House
31/37 Church Street
Reigate
Surrey
UK
RH2 0AD

 
Top Blue Limited
 
 
Company Information


Directors
G Tong (resigned 31 July 2025)
J Wu (resigned 14 November 2023)
X Tang (resigned 14 November 2023)
D Ansorena Diaz (appointed 31 May 2023)
X Zhang (appointed 14 November 2023)
S Zhang (appointed 14 November 2023)
C Xia (appointed 31 July 2025)




Registered number
09078650



Registered office
The Old Wheel House
31/37 Church Street

Reigate

Surrey

RH2 0AD





 
Top Blue Limited
 

Contents



Page
Strategic Report
1 - 2
Directors' Report
3 - 4
Independent Auditors' Report
5 - 8
Statement of Comprehensive Income
9
Statement of Financial Position
10
Statement of Changes in Equity
11
Statement of Cash Flows
12
Notes to the Financial Statements
13 - 27


 
Top Blue Limited
 
 
Strategic Report
For the Year Ended 31 December 2024

Introduction
 
The directors present their strategic report for the year ended 31 December 2024 for Top Blue Ltd ("the Company").
Principal activity
The Company imports Automotive Urea for use in the production of its own AdBlue for sale and distribution within the UK.
A summary of the Company's results for the year are shown in the Statement of Comprehensive Income on page 9.

Business review
 
In 2024, the Company experienced a decrease in turnover to £10,932,224 from £17,960,801, primarily due to the limited trading activity of its parent company’s urea and a reduction in the sale price of AdBlue. Urea is typically traded at a low margin, and its absence from trading during the year contributed to an overall increase in gross margin.

Principal risks and uncertainties
 
The key commercial risk for 2025 remains the sustained elevation of urea prices, coupled with limited ability to pass raw material cost increases through to our AdBlue customers. This margin compression risk is particularly acute given the current market dynamics.
AdBlue forecast for 2025 anticipates a modest single-digit increase in volume, but this will be offset by a lower average price per litre and a reduced gross margin compared to 2024. While the market continues to grow in absolute terms, the profitability outlook is constrained.
Looking ahead, the overall AdBlue market is expected to expand steadily through 2027–2028, at which point it is projected to peak before entering a gradual decline phase. This trajectory underscores the importance of margin management and strategic positioning over the next 24–36 months.

Financial key performance indicators
 
The Directors consider turnover, adjuested EBITDA* and gross profit margin to be the key performance indicators. These indicators are monitored at least monthly and were as follows in the financial year:

2024
2023
        £
        £
Turnover

10,932,224

17,960,801
 
Adjusted EBITDA*

1,465,392

674,909
 
Gross profit margin %

36.9%

22.6%
 

*Adjusted EBITDA is calculated by adding back depreciation, foreign exchange differences, gains/losses on disposal of tangible fixed assets and interest back to profit before tax.

Other key performance indicators
 
The directors do not consider there to be any other key performance indicators.

Page 1

 
Top Blue Limited
 

Strategic Report (continued)
For the Year Ended 31 December 2024


This report was approved by the board on 26 September 2025 and signed on its behalf.



D Ansorena Diaz
Director

Page 2

 
Top Blue Limited
 
 
Directors' Report

For the Year Ended 31 December 2024

The directors present their report and the financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2024.

Directors' responsibilities statement

The directors are responsible for preparing the Strategic Report, the Directors' Report and the financial statements in accordance with applicable law and regulations.
 
Company law requires the directors to prepare financial statements for each financial year. Under that law the directors have elected to prepare the financial statements in accordance with applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice), including Financial Reporting Standard 102 ‘The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland'. Under company law the directors must not approve the financial statements unless they are satisfied that they give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the Company and of the profit or loss of the Company for that period.

 In preparing these financial statements, the directors are required to:


select suitable accounting policies for the Company's financial statements and then apply them consistently;

make judgments and accounting estimates that are reasonable and prudent;

state whether applicable UK Accounting Standards have been followed, subject to any material departures disclosed and explained in the financial statements;

prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that the Company will continue in business.

The directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that are sufficient to show and explain the Company's transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the Company and to enable them to ensure that the financial statements comply with the Companies Act 2006They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the Company and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities.

Results and dividends

The profit for the year, after taxation, amounted to £1,042,773 (2023 - £475,988).

A dividend of £239,499 (2023 - £NIL) was paid during the year.

Directors

The directors who served during the year were:

G Tong (resigned 31 July 2025)
J Wu (resigned 14 November 2023)
X Tang (resigned 14 November 2023)
D Ansorena Diaz (appointed 31 May 2023)
X Zhang (appointed 14 November 2023)
S Zhang (appointed 14 November 2023)

Future developments

The directors are optimistic about the future of the business as it continues to build on strong foundations of quality, reliability and customer satisfaction. The business commitment to sustainability and operational excellence is expected to drive long-term value for shareholders, and the board remain confident in the ability of the Company to deliver strong financial performance in the coming years.

Page 3

 
Top Blue Limited
 
 
Directors' Report (continued)
 
For the Year Ended 31 December 2024

Financial instruments

The Company's operations expose it to a variety of financial risks that include the effects of credit risk, liquidity risk, price risk and foreign exchange risk. The Company does not use derivative financial instruments to manage foreign exchange risk and as such, no hedge accounting is applied.
Credit risk
The Company has implemented policies that require appropriate credit checks on potential customers before sales are made. Where debt finance is utilised, this is subject to a pre-approval by the board of directors. The amount of exposure to any individual counterparty is subject to a limit, set by the Company.
Liquidity risk
The Company actively retains cash reserves at a level that is designed to ensure the Company has sufficient available funds for operations and planned expansions.
Foreign exchange risk
The Company's raw material sales and purchases are predominantly in USD, whereas all other costs and sales are generally in GBP. The directors believe this risk is naturally hedged through the purchase and sale transactions in USD and as such no formal hedging policy is in place.

Matters covered in the Strategic Report

A fair review of the Company's business, key performance indicators and an assessment of the principal risks and uncertainties is included in the strategic report.

Disclosure of information to auditors

Each of the persons who are directors at the time when this Directors' Report is approved has confirmed that:
 
so far as the director is aware, there is no relevant audit information of which the Company's auditors are unaware, and

the director has taken all the steps that ought to have been taken as a director in order to be aware of any relevant audit information and to establish that the Company's auditors are aware of that information.

Post balance sheet events

There have been no significant events affecting the Company since the year end.

Auditors

The auditorsCoveney Nicholls Partnership LLPwill be proposed for reappointment in accordance with section 485 of the Companies Act 2006.

This report was approved by the board on 26 September 2025 and signed on its behalf.
 





D Ansorena Diaz
Director

Page 4

 
Top Blue Limited
 
 
Independent Auditors' Report to the Members of Top Blue Limited
 

Opinion


We have audited the financial statements of Top Blue Limited (the 'Company') for the year ended 31 December 2024, which comprise the Statement of Comprehensive Income, the Statement of Financial Position, the Statement of Cash Flows, the Statement of Changes in Equity and the related notes, including a summary of significant accounting policiesThe financial reporting framework that has been applied in their preparation is applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards, including Financial Reporting Standard 102 ‘The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland' (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice).


In our opinion the financial statements:


give a true and fair view of the state of the Company's affairs as at 31 December 2024 and of its profit for the year then ended;
have been properly prepared in accordance with United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice; and
have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006.


Basis for opinion


We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and applicable law. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditors' responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements section of our report. We are independent of the Company in accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in the United Kingdom, including the Financial Reporting Council's Ethical Standard and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.


Conclusions relating to going concern


In auditing the financial statements, we have concluded that the directors' use of the going concern basis of accounting in the preparation of the financial statements is appropriate.


Based on the work we have performed, we have not identified any material uncertainties relating to events or conditions that, individually or collectively, may cast significant doubt on the Company's ability to continue as a going concern for a period of at least twelve months from when the financial statements are authorised for issue.


Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of the directors with respect to going concern are described in the relevant sections of this report.


Page 5

 
Top Blue Limited
 
 
Independent Auditors' Report to the Members of Top Blue Limited (continued)


Other information


The other information comprises the information included in the Annual Report other than the financial statements and our Auditors' Report thereon. The directors are responsible for the other information contained within the Annual ReportOur opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and, except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in our report, we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon. Our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the course of the audit, or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If we identify such material inconsistencies or apparent material misstatements, we are required to determine whether this gives rise to a material misstatement in the financial statements themselves. If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact.


We have nothing to report in this regard.


Opinion on other matters prescribed by the Companies Act 2006
 

In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of the audit:


the information given in the Strategic Report and the Directors' Report for the financial year for which the financial statements are prepared is consistent with the financial statements; and
the Strategic Report and the Directors' Report have been prepared in accordance with applicable legal requirements.


Matters on which we are required to report by exception
 

In the light of the knowledge and understanding of the Company and its environment obtained in the course of the audit, we have not identified material misstatements in the Strategic Report or the Directors' Report.


We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters in relation to which the Companies Act 2006 requires us to report to you if, in our opinion:


adequate accounting records have not been kept, or returns adequate for our audit have not been received from branches not visited by us; or
the financial statements are not in agreement with the accounting records and returns; or
certain disclosures of directors' remuneration specified by law are not made; or
we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit.


Responsibilities of directors
 

As explained more fully in the Directors' Responsibilities Statement set out on page 3, the directors are responsible for the preparation of the financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair view, and for such internal control as the directors determine is necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.


In preparing the financial statements, the directors are responsible for assessing the Company's ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the directors either intend to liquidate the Company or to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so.


Page 6

 
Top Blue Limited
 
 
Independent Auditors' Report to the Members of Top Blue Limited (continued)


Auditors' responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements
 

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an Auditors' Report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements.


Irregularities, including fraud, are instances of non-compliance with laws and regulations. We design procedures in line with our responsibilities, outlined above, to detect material misstatements in respect of irregularities, including fraud. The extent to which our procedures are capable of detecting irregularities, including fraud is detailed below:

Capability of the audit in detecting irregularities, including fraud:
Based on our understanding of the company and the legal and regulatory frameworks in which it operates, and identified the key laws and regulations that:

had a direct effect on the determination of material amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. These included UK Companies Act and tax legislation; and
do not have a direct effect in the financial statements but compliance with which may be fundamental to the Company's ability to operate or avoid a material penalty. These included the Company's operating licence and regulatory requirements.

We communicated identified law and regulation throughout our team and remained alert to any indications of non-compliance throughout the audit. We evaluated management's incentive and opportunities for fraudulent manipulation of the Financial Statements, including the risk of override of control(s), and determined that the principal risks were related to posting inappropriate journal entries, accelerated revenue recognition and management bias in accounting estimates.

Audit procedures performed by the engagement team included:

Discussions with management, and obtaining written representations, including consideration of known or suspected instances of non-compliance with laws and regulation and fraud;
Evaluation of management's controls designed to prevent and detect irregularities;
Tests of detail on revenue recognition and occurrence, particularly around the year end;
Challenging assumptions and judgements made by management in their significant accounting estimates, in particular in relation to calculation of inventory provisions; and
Identifying and testing journal entries, in particular any journal entries posted with unusual account combinations.


Because of the inherent limitations of an audit, there is a risk that we will not detect all irregularities, including those leading to a material misstatement in the financial statements or non-compliance with regulation. This risk increases the more that compliance with a law or regulation is removed from the events and transactions reflected in the financial statements, as we will be less likely to become aware of instances of non-compliance. The risk is also greater regarding irregularities occurring due to fraud rather than error, as fraud involves intentional concealment, forgery, collusion, omission or misrepresentation.


A further description of our responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements is located on the Financial Reporting Council's website at: www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities. This description forms part of our Auditors' Report.


Page 7

 
Top Blue Limited
 
 
Independent Auditors' Report to the Members of Top Blue Limited (continued)


Use of our report
 

This report is made solely to the Company's members, as a body, in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of the Companies Act 2006Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the Company's members those matters we are required to state to them in an Auditors' Report and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other than the Company and the Company's members, as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we have formed.





John C Mabey (Senior Statutory Auditor)
  
for and on behalf of
Coveney Nicholls Partnership LLP
 
The Old Wheel House
31/37 Church Street
Reigate
Surrey
RH2 0AD

26 September 2025
Page 8

 
Top Blue Limited
 
 
Statement of Comprehensive Income
For the Year Ended 31 December 2024

2024
2023
Note
£
£

  

Turnover
 4 
10,932,224
17,960,801

Cost of sales
  
(6,900,292)
(13,906,543)

Gross profit
  
4,031,932
4,054,258

Distribution costs
  
(1,164,152)
(1,195,122)

Administrative expenses
  
(1,672,080)
(2,521,161)

Other operating income
  
-
201

Profit on disposal of tangible fixed assets
  
158,650
285,785

Operating profit
 5 
1,354,350
623,961

Interest receivable and similar income
 9 
38,026
950

Profit before tax
  
1,392,376
624,911

Tax on profit
 10 
(349,603)
(148,923)

Profit for the financial year
  
1,042,773
475,988

There was no other comprehensive income for 2024 (2023:£NIL).

The notes on pages 13 to 27 form part of these financial statements.

Page 9

 
Top Blue Limited
Registered number:09078650

Statement of Financial Position
As at 31 December 2024

2024
2023
Note
£
£

Fixed assets
  

Tangible assets
 12 
671,520
518,960

  
671,520
518,960

Current assets
  

Stocks
 13 
1,240,656
292,589

Debtors: amounts falling due within one year
 14 
2,059,770
3,282,449

Cash at bank and in hand
  
3,851,756
1,926,652

  
7,152,182
5,501,690

Creditors: amounts falling due within one year
 15 
(2,244,703)
(1,285,249)

Net current assets
  
4,907,479
4,216,441

Total assets less current liabilities
  
5,578,999
4,735,401

Provisions for liabilities
  

Deferred tax
 16 
(152,112)
(111,788)

  
(152,112)
(111,788)

Net assets
  
5,426,887
4,623,613


Capital and reserves
  

Called up share capital 
 17 
1,800,000
1,800,000

Profit and loss account
 18 
3,626,887
2,823,613

  
5,426,887
4,623,613


The financial statements were approved and authorised for issue by the board and were signed on its behalf on 26 September 2025.




D Ansorena Diaz
Director

The notes on pages 13 to 27 form part of these financial statements.

Page 10

 
Top Blue Limited
 

Statement of Changes in Equity
For the Year Ended 31 December 2024


Called up share capital
Profit and loss account
Total equity

£
£
£


At 1 January 2023
1,800,000
2,347,625
4,147,625


Comprehensive income for the year

Profit for the year
-
475,988
475,988
Total comprehensive income for the year
-
475,988
475,988



At 1 January 2024
1,800,000
2,823,613
4,623,613


Comprehensive income for the year

Profit for the year
-
1,042,773
1,042,773
Total comprehensive income for the year
-
1,042,773
1,042,773


Contributions by and distributions to owners

Dividends: Equity capital
-
(239,499)
(239,499)


At 31 December 2024
1,800,000
3,626,887
5,426,887


The notes on pages 13 to 27 form part of these financial statements.

Page 11

 
Top Blue Limited
 

Statement of Cash Flows
For the Year Ended 31 December 2024

2024
2023
£
£

Cash flows from operating activities

Profit for the financial year
1,042,773
475,988

Adjustments for:

Depreciation of tangible assets
271,216
300,385

Loss on disposal of tangible assets
(158,650)
(285,785)

Interest received
(38,026)
(950)

Taxation charge
349,603
148,923

(Increase)/decrease in stocks
(948,067)
1,439,885

Decrease in debtors
1,222,680
43,637

Increase/(decrease) in creditors
650,175
(780,747)

Corporation tax (paid)
(1)
(446,975)

Foreign exchange loss/(gain)
-
(28,257)

Net cash generated from operating activities

2,391,703
866,104


Cash flows from investing activities

Purchase of tangible fixed assets
(423,776)
(257,239)

Sale of tangible fixed assets
158,650
285,785

Interest received
38,026
950

Net cash from investing activities

(227,100)
29,496

Cash flows from financing activities

Loans from group companies repaid
-
(728,895)

Dividends paid
(239,499)
-

Net cash used in financing activities
(239,499)
(728,895)

Net increase in cash and cash equivalents
1,925,104
166,705

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year
1,926,652
1,759,947

Cash and cash equivalents at the end of year
3,851,756
1,926,652


Cash and cash equivalents at the end of year comprise:

Cash at bank and in hand
3,851,756
1,926,652

3,851,756
1,926,652


Page 12

 
Top Blue Limited
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the Year Ended 31 December 2024

1.


General information

The company is a private company limited by shares, registered in England and Wales. The address of the registered office is The Old Wheel House, 31/37 Church Street, Reigate, Surrey, RH2 0AD, UK.

2.Accounting policies

 
2.1

Basis of preparation of financial statements

The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention unless otherwise specified within these accounting policies and in accordance with Financial Reporting Standard 102, the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and the Republic of Ireland and the Companies Act 2006.

The preparation of financial statements in compliance with FRS 102 requires the use of certain critical accounting estimates. It also requires management to exercise judgment in applying the Company's accounting policies (see note 3).

The following principal accounting policies have been applied:

 
2.2

Foreign currency translation

Functional and presentation currency

The Company's functional and presentational currency is GBP.

Transactions and balances

Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using the spot exchange rates at the dates of the transactions.

At each period end foreign currency monetary items are translated using the closing rate. Non-monetary items measured at historical cost are translated using the exchange rate at the date of the transaction and non-monetary items measured at fair value are measured using the exchange rate when fair value was determined.

Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of transactions and from the translation at period-end exchange rates of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are recognised in profit or loss except when deferred in other comprehensive income as qualifying cash flow hedges.

Foreign exchange gains and losses that relate to borrowings and cash and cash equivalents are presented in the Statement of Comprehensive Income within 'finance income or costs'. All other foreign exchange gains and losses are presented in profit or loss within 'other operating income'.

Page 13

 
Top Blue Limited
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the Year Ended 31 December 2024

2.Accounting policies (continued)

 
2.3

Revenue

Revenue is recognised to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the revenue can be reliably measured. Revenue is measured as the fair value of the consideration received or receivable, excluding discounts, rebates, value added tax and other sales taxes. The following criteria must also be met before revenue is recognised:

Sale of goods

Revenue from the sale of goods is recognised when all of the following conditions are satisfied:
the Company has transferred the significant risks and rewards of ownership to the buyer;
the Company retains neither continuing managerial involvement to the degree usually associated with ownership nor effective control over the goods sold;
the amount of revenue can be measured reliably;
it is probable that the Company will receive the consideration due under the transaction; and
the costs incurred or to be incurred in respect of the transaction can be measured reliably.

Revenue from the sale of AdBlue and Urea is recognised when the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the goods have transferred to the buyer, usually on delivery of the goods.

 
2.4

Operating leases: the Company as lessee

Rentals paid under operating leases are charged to profit or loss on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

Benefits received and receivable as an incentive to sign an operating lease are recognised on a straight-line basis over the lease term, unless another systematic basis is representative of the time pattern of the lessee's benefit from the use of the leased asset.

 
2.5

Government grants

Grants are accounted under the accruals model as permitted by FRS 102. Grants relating to expenditure on tangible fixed assets are credited to profit or loss at the same rate as the depreciation on the assets to which the grant relates. The deferred element of grants is included in creditors as deferred income.
Grants of a revenue nature are recognised in the Statement of Comprehensive Income in the same period as the related expenditure.

 
2.6

Interest income

Interest income is recognised in profit or loss using the effective interest method.

Page 14

 
Top Blue Limited
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the Year Ended 31 December 2024

2.Accounting policies (continued)

 
2.7

Pensions

Defined contribution pension plan

The Company operates a defined contribution plan for its employees. A defined contribution plan is a pension plan under which the Company pays fixed contributions into a separate entity. Once the contributions have been paid the Company has no further payment obligations.

The contributions are recognised as an expense in profit or loss when they fall due. Amounts not paid are shown in accruals as a liability in the Statement of Financial Position. The assets of the plan are held separately from the Company in independently administered funds.

 
2.8

Current and deferred taxation

The tax expense for the year comprises current and deferred tax. Tax is recognised in profit or loss except that a charge attributable to an item of income and expense recognised as other comprehensive income or to an item recognised directly in equity is also recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity respectively.

The current income tax charge is calculated on the basis of tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the reporting date in the countries where the Company operates and generates income.

Deferred tax balances are recognised in respect of all timing differences that have originated but not reversed by the reporting date, except that:
The recognition of deferred tax assets is limited to the extent that it is probable that they will be recovered against the reversal of deferred tax liabilities or other future taxable profits; and
Any deferred tax balances are reversed if and when all conditions for retaining associated tax allowances have been met.

Deferred tax balances are not recognised in respect of permanent differences except in respect of business combinations, when deferred tax is recognised on the differences between the fair values of assets acquired and the future tax deductions available for them and the differences between the fair values of liabilities acquired and the amount that will be assessed for tax. Deferred tax is determined using tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the reporting date.


 
2.9

Tangible fixed assets

Tangible fixed assets under the cost model are stated at historical cost less accumulated depreciation and any accumulated impairment losses. Historical cost includes expenditure that is directly attributable to bringing the asset to the location and condition necessary for it to be capable of operating in the manner intended by management.

Page 15

 
Top Blue Limited
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the Year Ended 31 December 2024

2.Accounting policies (continued)


2.9
Tangible fixed assets (continued)

Depreciation is charged so as to allocate the cost of assets less their residual value over their estimated useful lives, using the straight-line method.

Depreciation is provided on the following basis:

Short-term leasehold property
-
10 years straight line
Plant and machinery
-
4 to 10 years straight line
Motor vehicles
-
5 years straight line
Office equipment
-
3 to 5 years straight line

The assets' residual values, useful lives and depreciation methods are reviewed, and adjusted prospectively if appropriate, or if there is an indication of a significant change since the last reporting date.

Gains and losses on disposals are determined by comparing the proceeds with the carrying amount and are recognised in profit or loss.

 
2.10

Stocks

Stocks are stated at the lower of cost and net realisable value, being the estimated selling price less costs to complete and sell. Cost is based on the cost of purchase on a first in, first out basis. Work in progress and finished goods include labour and attributable overheads.

At each reporting date, stocks are assessed for impairment. If stock is impaired, the carrying amount is reduced to its selling price less costs to complete and sell. The impairment loss is recognised immediately in profit or loss.

Raw material stocks include the cost of purchasing urea, import duty and all inbound haulage costs.
Stocks of AdBlue include the cost the urea and the cost of converting urea into ad blue at an appropriate rate per litre.

 
2.11

Debtors

Short-term debtors are measured at transaction price, less any impairment. Loans receivable are measured initially at fair value, net of transaction costs, and are measured subsequently at amortised cost using the effective interest method, less any impairment.

 
2.12

Cash and cash equivalents

Cash is represented by cash in hand and deposits with financial institutions repayable without penalty on notice of not more than 24 hours. Cash equivalents are highly liquid investments that mature in no more than three months from the date of acquisition and that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash with insignificant risk of change in value.

In the Statement of Cash Flows, cash and cash equivalents are shown net of bank overdrafts that are repayable on demand and form an integral part of the Company's cash management.

Page 16

 
Top Blue Limited
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the Year Ended 31 December 2024

2.Accounting policies (continued)

 
2.13

Creditors

Short-term creditors are measured at the transaction price. Other financial liabilities, including bank loans, are measured initially at fair value, net of transaction costs, and are measured subsequently at amortised cost using the effective interest method.

 
2.14

Provisions for liabilities

Provisions are recognised when an event has taken place that gives rise to a legal or constructive obligation, a transfer of economic benefits is probable and a reliable estimate can be made.
Provisions are measured as the best estimate of the amount required to settle the obligation, taking into account the related risks and uncertainties.
 
Increases in provisions are generally charged as an expense to profit or loss.

 
2.15

Financial instruments

The Company has elected to apply the provisions of Section 11 “Basic Financial Instruments” of FRS 102 to all of its financial instruments.

Financial instruments are recognised in the Company's Statement of Financial Position when the Company becomes party to the contractual provisions of the instrument.

Financial assets and liabilities are offset, with the net amounts presented in the financial statements, when there is a legally enforceable right to set off the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis or to realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.

Basic financial assets

Basic financial assets, which include trade and other debtors, cash and bank balances, are initially measured at their transaction price (adjusted for transaction costs except in the initial measurement of financial assets that are subsequently measured at fair value through profit and loss) and are subsequently carried at their amortised cost using the effective interest method, less any provision for impairment, unless the arrangement constitutes a financing transaction, where the transaction is measured at the present value of the future receipts discounted at a market rate of interest.

Discounting is omitted where the effect of discounting is immaterial. The Company's cash and cash equivalents, trade and most other debtors due with the operating cycle fall into this category of financial instruments.

Impairment of financial assets

At the end of each reporting period financial assets measured at amortised cost are assessed for objective evidence of impairment. If an asset is impaired the impairment loss is the difference between the carrying amount and the present value of the estimated cash flows discounted at the asset’s original effective interest rate. The impairment loss is recognised in profit or loss. 

Financial assets are impaired when events, subsequent to their initial recognition, indicate the estimated future cash flows derived from the financial asset(s) have been adversely impacted. The impairment loss will be the difference between the current carrying amount and the present value of the future cash flows at the asset(s) original effective interest rate.

If there is a favourable change in relation to the events surrounding the impairment loss then the
Page 17

 
Top Blue Limited
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the Year Ended 31 December 2024

2.Accounting policies (continued)


2.15
Financial instruments (continued)

impairment can be reviewed for possible reversal. The reversal will not cause the current carrying amount to exceed the original carrying amount had the impairment not been recognised. The impairment reversal is recognised in the profit or loss.

Financial liabilities

Financial liabilities and equity instruments are classified according to the substance of the contractual arrangements entered into. An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of the Company after the deduction of all its liabilities.

Basic financial liabilities, which include trade and other creditors, bank loans and other loans are initially measured at their transaction price (adjusting for transaction costs except in the initial measurement of financial liabilities that are subsequently measured at fair value through profit and loss). When this constitutes a financing transaction, whereby the debt instrument is measured at the present value of the future payments discounted at a market rate of interest, discounting is omitted where the effect of discounting is immaterial.

Debt instruments are subsequently carried at their amortised cost using the effective interest rate method.

Trade creditors are obligations to pay for goods and services that have been acquired in the ordinary course of business from suppliers. Trade creditors are classified as current liabilities if the payment is due within one year. If not, they represent non-current liabilities. Trade creditors are initially recognised at their transaction price and subsequently are measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method. Discounting is omitted where the effect of discounting is immaterial.

Other financial instruments

Derivatives, including forward exchange contracts, futures contracts and interest rate swaps, are not classified as basic financial instruments. These are initially recognised at fair value on the date the derivative contract is entered into, with costs being charged to the profit or loss. They are subsequently measured at fair value with changes in the profit or loss.

Debt instruments that do not meet the conditions as set out in FRS 102 paragraph 11.9 are subsequently measured at fair value through the profit or loss. This recognition and measurement would also apply to financial instruments where the performance is evaluated on a fair value basis as with a documented risk management or investment strategy.

Derecognition of financial instruments

Derecognition of financial assets

Financial assets are derecognised when their contractual right to future cash flow expire, or are settled, or when the Company transfers the asset and substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership to another party. If significant risks and rewards of ownership are retained after the transfer to another party, then the Company will continue to recognise the value of the portion of the risks and rewards retained.

Derecognition of financial liabilities

Financial liabilities are derecognised when the Company's contractual obligations expire or are discharged or cancelled.
Page 18

 
Top Blue Limited
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the Year Ended 31 December 2024

2.Accounting policies (continued)


2.15
Financial instruments (continued)


 
2.16

Dividends

Equity dividends are recognised when they become legally payable. Interim equity dividends are recognised when paid. Final equity dividends are recognised when approved by the shareholders at an annual general meeting.


3.


Judgments in applying accounting policies and key sources of estimation uncertainty

The preparation of the financial statements requires management to make judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported. These estimates and judgements are continually reviewed and are based on experience and other factors, including expectations of future events that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances.
Accounting estimates and assumptions are made concerning the future and, by their nature, will rarely equal the related actual outcome. The key assumptions and other sources of estimation uncertainty that have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year are as follows:

1.The annual depreciation charge for tangible assets is sensitive to changes in the estimated useful economic lives and residual values of the assets. The useful economic lives and residual values are re-assessed annually. They are amended when necessary to reflect current estimates, based on technological advancement, future investments, economic utilisation and the physical condition of the assets. See note 12 for the carrying amount of the property plant and equipment.

2.The company makes an estimate of the recoverable value of trade and other debtors. When assessing impairment of trade and other debtors, management considers factors including the current credit rating of the debtor, the ageing profile of debtors and historical experience.

Page 19

 
Top Blue Limited
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the Year Ended 31 December 2024

4.


Turnover

An analysis of turnover by class of business is as follows:


2024
2023
£
£

Sale of goods
10,932,224
17,960,801

10,932,224
17,960,801


Analysis of turnover by country of destination:

2024
2023
£
£

United Kingdom
10,932,224
17,960,801

10,932,224
17,960,801



5.


Operating profit

The operating profit is stated after charging:

2024
2023
£
£

Exchange differences
(1,524)
36,347

Depreciation of tangible fixed assets
271,216
300,385

Other operating lease rentals
165,645
173,890


6.


Auditors' remuneration

During the year, the Company obtained the following services from the Company's auditors:


2024
2023
£
£

Fees payable to the Company's auditors for the audit of the Company's financial statements
8,400
8,000
Page 20

 
Top Blue Limited
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the Year Ended 31 December 2024

7.


Employees

Staff costs, including directors' remuneration, were as follows:


2024
2023
£
£

Wages and salaries
635,922
1,318,232

Social security costs
74,318
162,113

Cost of defined contribution scheme
10,670
9,390

720,910
1,489,735


The average monthly number of employees, including the directors, during the year was as follows:


        2024
        2023
            No.
            No.







Employees
11
11


8.


Directors' remuneration

2024
2023
£
£

Directors' emoluments
141,148
776,625

Company contributions to defined contribution pension schemes
1,321
1,321

142,469
777,946


During the year retirement benefits were accruing to 1 director (2023 - 1) in respect of defined contribution pension schemes.

The highest paid director received remuneration of £141,148 (2023 - £776,625).

The value of the Company's contributions paid to a defined contribution pension scheme in respect of the highest paid director amounted to £1,321 (2023 - £1,321).


9.


Interest receivable

2024
2023
£
£


Other interest receivable
38,026
950

38,026
950

Page 21

 
Top Blue Limited
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the Year Ended 31 December 2024

10.


Taxation


2024
2023
£
£

Corporation tax


Current tax on profits for the year
309,279
155,520


Total current tax
309,279
155,520

Deferred tax


Origination and reversal of timing differences
40,324
(6,206)

Changes to tax rates
-
(391)

Total deferred tax
40,324
(6,597)


Tax on profit
349,603
148,923

Factors affecting tax charge for the year

The tax assessed for the year is higher than (2023 - higher than) the standard rate of corporation tax in the UK of 25.0% (2023 - 23.5%). The differences are explained below:

2024
2023
£
£


Profit on ordinary activities before tax
1,392,376
624,911


Profit on ordinary activities multiplied by standard rate of corporation tax in the UK of 25.0% (2023 - 23.5%)
348,094
146,979

Effects of:


Expenses not deductible for tax purposes, other than goodwill amortisation and impairment
702
1,856

Capital allowances for year in excess of depreciation
807
479

Other differences leading to an increase (decrease) in the tax charge
-
(391)

Total tax charge for the year
349,603
148,923


Factors that may affect future tax charges

In 2021 an increase in the corporation tax rate to 25% with effect from 1 April 2023 was substantively enacted. The 23.5% rate used above reflects 9 months of this new rate and 3 months of the previous rate of 19%. The 25% rate is used to measure UK deferred taxes in 2023 (and in 2022 to the extent the related timing differences were expected to reverse after 1 April 2023).

Page 22

 
Top Blue Limited
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the Year Ended 31 December 2024

11.


Dividends

2024
2023
£
£


Interim
239,499
-

239,499
-


12.


Tangible fixed assets





Short-term leasehold property
Plant and machinery
Motor vehicles
Office equipment
Total

£
£
£
£
£



Cost or valuation


At 1 January 2024
27,800
2,001,381
49,754
25,415
2,104,350


Additions
2,499
398,652
16,797
5,828
423,776


Disposals
-
(198,038)
-
-
(198,038)



At 31 December 2024

30,299
2,201,995
66,551
31,243
2,330,088



Depreciation


At 1 January 2024
2,180
1,532,050
34,994
16,166
1,585,390


Charge for the year on owned assets
3,228
258,819
5,452
3,717
271,216


Disposals
-
(198,038)
-
-
(198,038)



At 31 December 2024

5,408
1,592,831
40,446
19,883
1,658,568



Net book value



At 31 December 2024
24,891
609,164
26,105
11,360
671,520



At 31 December 2023
25,620
469,331
14,760
9,249
518,960

Page 23

 
Top Blue Limited
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the Year Ended 31 December 2024

13.


Stocks

2024
2023
£
£

Raw materials and consumables
1,083,942
167,993

Finished goods and goods for resale
156,714
124,596

1,240,656
292,589

Page 24

 
Top Blue Limited
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the Year Ended 31 December 2024

14.


Debtors

2024
2023
£
£


Trade debtors
1,733,592
2,944,034

Prepayments and accrued income
326,178
338,415

2,059,770
3,282,449



15.


Creditors: Amounts falling due within one year

2024
2023
£
£

Trade creditors
1,062,935
506,029

Corporation tax
464,799
155,521

Other taxation and social security
27,678
115,289

Other creditors
380,835
394,278

Accruals and deferred income
308,456
114,132

2,244,703
1,285,249



16.


Deferred taxation




2024
2023


£

£






At beginning of year
(111,788)
(118,385)


Charged to profit or loss
(40,324)
6,597



At end of year
(152,112)
(111,788)

Page 25

 
Top Blue Limited
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the Year Ended 31 December 2024
 
16.Deferred taxation (continued)

The deferred tax balance is made up as follows:

2024
2023
£
£


Accelerated capital allowances
(152,112)
(111,788)

(152,112)
(111,788)

Comprising:

Liability
(152,112)
(111,788)

(152,112)
(111,788)



The reversal of the deferred tax liability in the period following the reporting period is not expected to be material.


17.


Share capital

2024
2023
£
£
Allotted, called up and fully paid



1,800,000 (2023 - 1,800,000) Ordinary shares of £1.00 each
1,800,000
1,800,000



18.


Reserves

Profit and loss account

This reserve records retained earnings and accumulated losses.

19.


Analysis of net debt




At 1 January 2024
Cash flows
At 31 December 2024
£

£

£

Cash at bank and in hand

1,926,652

1,925,104

3,851,756


1,926,652
1,925,104
3,851,756

Page 26

 
Top Blue Limited
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the Year Ended 31 December 2024

20.


Commitments under operating leases

At 31 December 2024 the Company had future minimum lease payments due under non-cancellable operating leases for each of the following periods:

2024
2023
£
£


Not later than 1 year
96,910
165,379

Later than 1 year but not later than 5 years
390,460
513,616

Later than 5 years
246,465
344,520

733,835
1,023,515


21.


Related party transactions

The company has taken advantage of the exemption offered by FRS 102 from disclosing related party transactions and balances with its ultimate parent and other wholly owned members of the group headed by Sichuan Meifeng Chemical Industry Co. Ltd.
Sichuan Meifeng Chemical Industry Co. Ltd is a publicly listed company whose securities are traded on a registered stock exchange. Therefore it is not under the control of any one individual.


22.


Controlling party

The ultimate parent company is Sichuan Meifeng Chemical Industry Co. Ltd (incorporated in China), the parent company of Sichuan Meifeng Bluetech Co. Ltd. Sichuan Meifeng Bluetech Co. Ltd (incorporated in China), is the immediate parent company.
Sichuan Meifeng Chemical Industry Co. Ltd is a public company listed on the Shenzhen Securities Exchange under company code 000731 (SHE). The consolidated accounts of Sichuan Meifeng Chemical Industry Co. Ltd are the largest and smallest group accounts in which the results of Top Blue Limited are included. These are publicly available from No. 10 Section One, Yinghua South Road, Deyang, Sichuan 618000, China.

 
Page 27