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Registered number: 01431189









Incodia International Ltd









Annual Report and Financial Statements

For the year ended 31 December 2024

 
Incodia International Ltd
 

Contents



Page
Company information
 
1
Strategic report
 
2 - 3
Director's report
 
4 - 5
Independent auditors' report
 
6 - 9
Statement of comprehensive income
 
10
Balance sheet
 
11
Statement of changes in equity
 
12
Notes to the financial statements
 
13 - 29


 
Incodia International Ltd
 
 
Company Information


Director
M Keating 




Registered number
01431189



Registered office
2 Seddon Place
Skelmersdale

Lancashire

United Kingdom

WN8 8EB




Independent auditors
Hurst Accountants Limited
Chartered Accountants & Statutory Auditors

3 Stockport Exchange

Stockport

Cheshire

SK1 3GG




Page 1

 
Incodia International Ltd
 
 
Strategic Report
For the year ended 31 December 2024

Introduction
 
The directors present the strategic report for the year ended 31 December 2024.

Business review and future developments
 
The principal activity of Incodia International Limited (the Company) is manufacture, personalisation and fulfilment of gift, digital content, loyalty, and membership cards for the retail and leisure markets.
The Company’s key financial and other performance indicators are as follows:
  
       
 2024  2023  Change
        £000  £000  %
 Turnover      14,431  13,752  4.9%
 Ebitda (excluding exceptionals)   1,958  861  127.4%
 Ebitda %      13.6%  6.3%  7.3%
 Average number of employees   108  122  (11.5%)
 
During 2024, the Company experienced a transformative year, with the benefits crystalising from the accelerated card pricing strategy, the downsizing of the Colchester Plant from June 2024 onwards, and the additional operational efficiencies in Skelmersdale, all contributing to a 127.4% increase in Ebitda.
At the time of writing, in the first half of 2025, the Company has been able to outperform both the budgeted and prior year revenues and Ebitda and generate positive cash flows. Combining management structures between the Company and PCS will further align the strategic direction of both the companies and increase profitability.
Looking forward to 2025, the key strategic initiatives are:
 
Leverage the synergies between the Company, PCS and Colorman to widen the capability and capacity to serve the cards market more effectively and efficiently.  
Leverage the expertise in the card personalisation and fulfilment arena to increase value added services.
Continue to drive market presence, improve efficiencies and enhance environmental credentials.
Leverage Woodberry’s financial resources, market expertise and capabilities to improve the company’s profitability.

Principal risks and uncertainties
 
The principal risks and uncertainties faced by the Company’s business are:

Effectively managing the persisting inflationary pressures in the UK economy.
Market-driven downward pressure on selling prices
Changes in raw material and energy costs resulting from global economic factors
Evolution of new card products or card technology which could significantly alter the dynamics of the market
New service providers entering the UK card services market and further increasing price competition
Increase in risk of bad debts
 
Despite these risks the director is confident that the business can continue to be one of the major UK suppliers of card services and packaging products in 2025 and beyond.

Page 2

 
Incodia International Ltd
 

Strategic Report (continued)
For the year ended 31 December 2024

Financial risk management
 
It is Company policy to obtain credit reports from independent agencies for all new customers and to run regular checks on existing customers throughout the year.
 
The cyclical nature of the retail gift card business leads to seasonal cash flow constraints when working capital is ramped-up to meet peak sales demand.  During the year the Company successfully invested in machinery to attain new capabilities and drive efficiencies through HP finance.  Company has maintained a strong liquidity position throughout the year with Colorman providing short-term financial assistance. 
All the assets of the Company are in the United Kingdom. The Company trades primarily in the UK in Sterling. However, foreign currency purchases and sales continue to be a major activity of the business.  The foreign exchange exposure is under constant review and the Company will consider further risk minimisation actions, if the sales or purchases profiles change significantly.   

 



This report was approved by the board and signed on its behalf.




M W Keating
Director

Date: 31 July 2025

Page 3

 
Incodia International Ltd
 
 
 
Director's Report
For the year ended 31 December 2024

The director presents his report and the financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2024.

Director's responsibilities statement

The director is responsible for preparing the strategic report, the director's report and the financial statements in accordance with applicable law and regulations.
 
Company law requires the director to prepare financial statements for each financial year. Under that law the director has elected to prepare the financial statements in accordance with applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice), including Financial Reporting Standard 102 ‘The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland'. Under company law the director must not approve the financial statements unless he is satisfied that they give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the company and of the profit or loss of the company for that period.

 In preparing these financial statements, the director is required to:


select suitable accounting policies for the company's financial statements and then apply them consistently;

make judgments and accounting estimates that are reasonable and prudent;

prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that the company will continue in business.

The director is responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that are sufficient to show and explain the company's transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the company and to enable him to ensure that the financial statements comply with the Companies Act 2006He is also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the company and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities.

Results and dividends

The profit for the year, after taxation, amounted to £1,159,421 (2023 - loss £1,344,273).

The director does not recommend the payment of a final dividend for the year.

Director

The director who served during the year was:

M Keating 

Matters included in the strategic report

The Company's business activities, together with the factors likely to affect its future development and position, are set out in the Strategic Report. 
Disclosures relating to risk and a review of the business are included in the Strategic Report.

Page 4

 
Incodia International Ltd
 
 
 
Director's Report (continued)
For the year ended 31 December 2024

Going concern

The Company has prepared monthly forecasts and projections for the period in excess of twelve months from the date of approval, and as at the year-end these projections indicate that the Company will be continue to deliver a positive EBITDA. The forecasts have been created taking into consideration sensitivities to consider the current economic conditions, the competitive nature of the industry, inflationary impacts and taking into account the continuing necessary costs control measures. 
The directors have reasonable expectation that the Company has adequate resources to continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future and that it is therefore appropriate to prepare the annual report and financial statements on a going concern basis.  

Employment and environmental matters

The company policy to comply with all relevant legislation and regulations relating to the workplace including health and safety regulations, employment legislation and environmental regulations concerning the treatment of manufacturing waste. The Company has achieved accreditation under the environmental standard ISO 14001, British Retail Consortium and certification to the latest FSC standard 40-004, along with ISO9001 which covers workplace H&S with its Management systems scope. In addition, the Company is SEDEX registered and regularly audited to Ethical Trading Initiatives standards.

Directors' and officers' indemnity insurance

The Company has taken out insurance to indemnify, against third party proceedings, the directors of the Company whilst serving on the board of the Company and any subsidiary, associate or joint venture. This cover, together with that taken out by certain subsidiaries, where relevant, indemnifies all employees of the group who serve on the boards of all subsidiaries, associates and joint ventures. These indemnity policies subsisted throughout the year and remain in place at the date of this report. 

Disclosure of information to auditors

The director at the time when this director's report is approved has confirmed that:
 
so far as  is aware, there is no relevant audit information of which the company's auditors are unaware, and

 has taken all the steps that ought to have been taken as a director in order to be aware of any relevant audit information and to establish that the company's auditors are aware of that information.

Post balance sheet events

There have been no significant events affecting the company since the year end.

Auditors

The auditors, Hurst Accountants Limited, were appointed in the year and will be proposed for reappointment in accordance with section 485 of the Companies Act 2006.

This report was approved by the board and signed on its behalf.
 




M Keating
Director

Date: 31 July 2025

Page 5

 
Incodia International Ltd
 
 
 
Independent Auditors' Report to the Members of Incodia International Ltd
 

Opinion


We have audited the financial statements of Incodia International Ltd (the 'company') for the year ended 31 December 2024, which comprise the statement of comprehensive income, the balance sheet, the statement of changes in equity and the related notes, including a summary of significant accounting policiesThe financial reporting framework that has been applied in their preparation is applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards, including Financial Reporting Standard 102 ‘The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland' (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice).


In our opinion the financial statements:


give a true and fair view of the state of the company's affairs as at 31 December 2024 and of its profit for the year then ended;
have been properly prepared in accordance with United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice; and
have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006.


Basis for opinion


We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and applicable law. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditors' responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements section of our report. We are independent of the company in accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in the United Kingdom, including the Financial Reporting Council's Ethical Standard and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.


Conclusions relating to going concern


In auditing the financial statements, we have concluded that the director's use of the going concern basis of accounting in the preparation of the financial statements is appropriate.


Based on the work we have performed, we have not identified any material uncertainties relating to events or conditions that, individually or collectively, may cast significant doubt on the company's ability to continue as a going concern for a period of at least twelve months from when the financial statements are authorised for issue.


Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of the director with respect to going concern are described in the relevant sections of this report.


Other information


The other information comprises the information included in the Annual Report other than the financial statements and our auditors' report thereon. The director is responsible for the other information contained within the Annual ReportOur opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and, except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in our report, we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon. Our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the course of the audit, or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If we identify such material inconsistencies or apparent material misstatements, we are required to determine whether this gives rise to a material misstatement in the financial statements themselves. If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact.


We have nothing to report in this regard.


Page 6

 
Incodia International Ltd
 
 
 
Independent Auditors' Report to the Members of Incodia International Ltd (continued)


Opinion on other matters prescribed by the Companies Act 2006
 

In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of the audit:


the information given in the strategic report and the director's report for the financial year for which the financial statements are prepared is consistent with the financial statements; and
the strategic report and the director's report have been prepared in accordance with applicable legal requirements.


Matters on which we are required to report by exception
 

In the light of the knowledge and understanding of the company and its environment obtained in the course of the audit, we have not identified material misstatements in the strategic report or the director's report.


We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters in relation to which the Companies Act 2006 requires us to report to you if, in our opinion:


adequate accounting records have not been kept, or returns adequate for our audit have not been received from branches not visited by us; or
the financial statements are not in agreement with the accounting records and returns; or
certain disclosures of director's remuneration specified by law are not made; or
we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit.


Responsibilities of directors
 

As explained more fully in the director's responsibilities statement set out on page 4, the director is responsible for the preparation of the financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair view, and for such internal control as the director determines is necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.


In preparing the financial statements, the director is responsible for assessing the company's ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the director either intends to liquidate the company or to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so.


Page 7

 
Incodia International Ltd
 
 
 
Independent Auditors' Report to the Members of Incodia International Ltd (continued)


Auditors' responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements
 

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditors' report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements.


Irregularities, including fraud, are instances of non-compliance with laws and regulations. We design procedures in line with our responsibilities, outlined above, to detect material misstatements in respect of irregularities, including fraud. The extent to which our procedures are capable of detecting irregularities, including fraud is detailed below:

We identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to fraud or error, and then design and perform audit procedures responsive to those risks, including obtaining audit evidence that is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.

Identifying and assessing potential risks related to irregularities

In identifying and assessing the risks of material misstatement in respect of irregularities, including fraud and noncompliance with laws and regulations, we considered the following:

The nature of the industry and sector, control environment and business performance including key drivers for directors' remuneration, bonus levels and performance targets.
Enquiring of management, including obtaining and reviewing supporting documentation, concerning the Company's policies and procedures relating to:
°Identifying, evaluating and complying with laws and regulations and whether they were aware of any instances of non-compliance;
°Detecting and responding to the risks of fraud and whether they have knowledge of any actual, suspected of alleged fraud.
The internal controls established to mitigate risks related to fraud or non-compliance with laws and regulations.
Discussing among the engagement team regarding how and where fraud might occur in the financial statements and any potential indicators of fraud;
Obtaining an understanding of the legal and regulatory frameworks that the Company operates in, focusing on those laws and regulations that had a direct effect on the financial statements, such as the Companies Act 2006, pensions and tax legislation, or that had a fundamental effect on the operations of the Company, including General Data Protection requirements and Health & Safety.

Audit response to risks identified

Our procedures to respond to risk identified included the following:

Reviewing the financial statement disclosures and testing to supporting documentation to assess compliance with provisions of relevant laws and regulations described as having a direct effect on the financial statements;
Discussions with management, including consideration of known or suspected instances of non-compliance with laws and regulations and fraud;
Evaluation of management's controls designed to prevent and detect irregularities;
Enquiring of management concerning actual and potential litigation and claims;
Performing analytical procedures to identify any unusual or unexpected relationships that may indicate risks of material misstatement due to fraud;
Reading minutes of meetings of those charged with governance, reviewing internal audit reports and correspondence with regulators.
Page 8

 
Incodia International Ltd
 
 
 
Independent Auditors' Report to the Members of Incodia International Ltd (continued)



We have also considered the risks noted above in addressing the risk of fraud through management override of controls:

Testing the appropriateness of journal entries and other adjustments. We have used data analytics software to identify accounting transactions which may pose a heightened risk of material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.
Challenging assumptions made by management in their significant accounting estimates, and assessing whether the judgements made in making accounting estimates are indicative of a potential bias; and 
Evaluating the business rationale of any significant transactions that are unusual or outside the normal course of business.

We also communicated relevant identified laws and regulations and potential fraud risks to all engagement team members and remained alert to any indications of fraud or non-compliance with laws and regulations throughout the audit. Because of the inherent limitations of an audit, there is a risk that we will not detect all irregularities, including those leading to a material misstatement in the financial statements or non-compliance with regulation. This risk increases the more that compliance with a law or regulation is removed from the events and transactions reflected in the financial statements, as we will be less likely to become aware of instances of non-compliance. The risk is also greater regarding irregularities occurring due to fraud rather than error, as fraud involves intentional concealment, forgery, collusion, omission or misrepresentation.



A further description of our responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements is located on the Financial Reporting Council's website at: www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities. This description forms part of our auditors' report.


Use of our report
 

This report is made solely to the company's members, as a body, in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of the Companies Act 2006Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the company's members those matters we are required to state to them in an auditors' report and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other than the company and the company's members, as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we have formed.




Chris Stewardson (senior statutory auditor)
for and on behalf of
Hurst Accountants Limited
Chartered Accountants
Statutory Auditors
3 Stockport Exchange
Stockport
Cheshire
SK1 3GG

1 August 2025
Page 9

 
Incodia International Ltd
 
 
Statement of Comprehensive Income
For the year ended 31 December 2024

2024
2023
Note
£
£

  

Turnover
 4 
14,431,415
13,752,060

Cost of sales
  
(10,950,662)
(10,964,068)

Gross profit
  
3,480,753
2,787,992

Distribution costs
  
(596,505)
(811,518)

Administrative expenses
  
(1,462,387)
(1,901,477)

Exceptional other operating charges
 5 
(386,563)
(1,134,242)

Operating profit/(loss)
 6 
1,035,298
(1,059,245)

Interest payable and similar expenses
 10 
(214,505)
(285,028)

Profit/(loss) before tax
  
820,793
(1,344,273)

Tax on profit/(loss)
 11 
338,628
-

Profit/(loss) for the financial year
  
1,159,421
(1,344,273)

There was no other comprehensive income for 2024 (2023:£NIL).

The notes on pages 13 to 29 form part of these financial statements.

Page 10

 
Incodia International Ltd
Registered number: 01431189

Balance Sheet
As at 31 December 2024

2024
2023
Note
£
£

Fixed assets
  

Tangible assets
 12 
2,154,698
2,103,403

Current assets
  

Stocks
 13 
556,391
893,425

Debtors: amounts falling due within one year
 14 
2,758,213
3,280,574

Cash at bank and in hand
 15 
270,327
14,008

  
3,584,931
4,188,007

Creditors: amounts falling due within one year
 16 
(4,751,009)
(6,067,154)

Net current liabilities
  
 
 
(1,166,078)
 
 
(1,879,147)

Total assets less current liabilities
  
988,620
224,256

Creditors: amounts falling due after more than one year
 17 
(691,766)
(1,086,823)

  

Net assets/(liabilities)
  
296,854
(862,567)


Capital and reserves
  

Called up share capital 
 21 
2,865
2,865

Share premium account
 22 
32,955
32,955

Profit and loss account
 22 
261,034
(898,387)

  
296,854
(862,567)


The financial statements were approved and authorised for issue by the board and were signed on its behalf by: 



M Keating
Director

Date: 31 July 2025

The notes on pages 13 to 29 form part of these financial statements.

Page 11

 
Incodia International Ltd
 

Statement of Changes in Equity
For the year ended 31 December 2024


Called up share capital
Share premium account
Profit and loss account
Total equity

£
£
£
£

At 1 January 2024
2,865
32,955
(898,387)
(862,567)


Comprehensive income for the year

Profit for the year
-
-
1,159,421
1,159,421
Total comprehensive income for the year
-
-
1,159,421
1,159,421


Total transactions with owners
-
-
-
-


At 31 December 2024
2,865
32,955
261,034
296,854



Statement of Changes in Equity
For the year ended 31 December 2023


Called up share capital
Share premium account
Profit and loss account
Total equity

£
£
£
£

At 1 January 2023
2,865
32,955
445,886
481,706


Comprehensive income for the year

Loss for the year
-
-
(1,344,273)
(1,344,273)
Total comprehensive income for the year
-
-
(1,344,273)
(1,344,273)


Total transactions with owners
-
-
-
-


At 31 December 2023
2,865
32,955
(898,387)
(862,567)


The notes on pages 13 to 29 form part of these financial statements.

Page 12

 
Incodia International Ltd
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements
For the year ended 31 December 2024

1.


General information

Incodia International Limited (the 'Company') is a private company incorporated, domiciled and registered in England and Wales in the UK. The company's registered number is 01431189 and registered address is 2 Seddon Place, Skelmersdale, Lancashire, WN8 8EB. 

2.Accounting policies

 
2.1

Basis of preparation of financial statements

The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention unless otherwise specified within these accounting policies and in accordance with Financial Reporting Standard 102, the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and the Republic of Ireland and the Companies Act 2006.

The preparation of financial statements in compliance with FRS 102 requires the use of certain critical accounting estimates. It also requires management to exercise judgment in applying the company's accounting policies (see note 3).

The following principal accounting policies have been applied:

 
2.2

Financial Reporting Standard 102 - reduced disclosure exemptions

The company has taken advantage of the following disclosure exemptions in preparing these financial statements, as permitted by the FRS 102 "The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland":
the requirements of Section 7 Statement of Cash Flows;
the requirements of Section 3 Financial Statement Presentation paragraph 3.17(d);
the requirements of Section 33 Related Party Disclosures paragraph 33.7.

This information is included in the consolidated financial statements of Woodberry Packaging Limited as at 31 December 2024 and these financial statements may be obtained from 33 Fitzwilliam Place, Dublin 2, Dublin.

Page 13

 
Incodia International Ltd
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements
For the year ended 31 December 2024

2.Accounting policies (continued)

 
2.3

Foreign currency translation

Functional and presentation currency

The company's functional and presentational currency is GBP.

Transactions and balances

Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using the spot exchange rates at the dates of the transactions.

At each period end foreign currency monetary items are translated using the closing rate. Non-monetary items measured at historical cost are translated using the exchange rate at the date of the transaction and non-monetary items measured at fair value are measured using the exchange rate when fair value was determined.

Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of transactions and from the translation at period-end exchange rates of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are recognised in profit or loss except when deferred in other comprehensive income as qualifying cash flow hedges.

Foreign exchange gains and losses that relate to borrowings and cash and cash equivalents are presented in the statement of comprehensive income within 'finance income or costs'. All other foreign exchange gains and losses are presented in profit or loss within 'other operating income'.

 
2.4

Revenue

Revenue is recognised to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the company and the revenue can be reliably measured. Revenue is measured as the fair value of the consideration received or receivable, excluding discounts, rebates, value added tax and other sales taxes. The following criteria must also be met before revenue is recognised:

Sale of goods

Revenue from the sale of goods is recognised when all of the following conditions are satisfied:
the company has transferred the significant risks and rewards of ownership to the buyer;
the company retains neither continuing managerial involvement to the degree usually associated with ownership nor effective control over the goods sold;
the amount of revenue can be measured reliably;
it is probable that the company will receive the consideration due under the transaction; and
the costs incurred or to be incurred in respect of the transaction can be measured reliably.

 
2.5

Operating leases: the company as lessee

Rentals paid under operating leases are charged to profit or loss on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

Benefits received and receivable as an incentive to sign an operating lease are recognised on a straight-line basis over the lease term, unless another systematic basis is representative of the time pattern of the lessee's benefit from the use of the leased asset.

Page 14

 
Incodia International Ltd
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements
For the year ended 31 December 2024

2.Accounting policies (continued)

 
2.6

Leased assets: the company as lessee

Assets obtained under hire purchase contracts and finance leases are capitalised as tangible fixed assets. Assets acquired by finance lease are depreciated over the shorter of the lease term and their useful lives. Assets acquired by hire purchase are depreciated over their useful lives. Finance leases are those where substantially all of the benefits and risks of ownership are assumed by the company. Obligations under such agreements are included in creditors net of the finance charge allocated to future periods. The finance element of the rental payment is charged to profit or loss so as to produce a constant periodic rate of charge on the net obligation outstanding in each period.

 
2.7

Finance costs

Finance costs are charged to profit or loss over the term of the debt using the effective interest method so that the amount charged is at a constant rate on the carrying amount. Issue costs are initially recognised as a reduction in the proceeds of the associated capital instrument.

 
2.8

Borrowing costs

All borrowing costs are recognised in profit or loss in the year in which they are incurred.

 
2.9

Pensions

Defined contribution pension plan

The company operates a defined contribution plan for its employees. A defined contribution plan is a pension plan under which the company pays fixed contributions into a separate entity. Once the contributions have been paid the company has no further payment obligations.

The contributions are recognised as an expense in profit or loss when they fall due. Amounts not paid are shown in accruals as a liability in the balance sheet. The assets of the plan are held separately from the company in independently administered funds.

Page 15

 
Incodia International Ltd
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements
For the year ended 31 December 2024

2.Accounting policies (continued)

 
2.10

Current and deferred taxation

The tax expense for the year comprises current and deferred tax. Tax is recognised in profit or loss except that a charge attributable to an item of income and expense recognised as other comprehensive income or to an item recognised directly in equity is also recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity respectively.

The current income tax charge is calculated on the basis of tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date in the countries where the company operates and generates income.

Deferred tax balances are recognised in respect of all timing differences that have originated but not reversed by the balance sheet date, except that:
The recognition of deferred tax assets is limited to the extent that it is probable that they will be recovered against the reversal of deferred tax liabilities or other future taxable profits; and
Any deferred tax balances are reversed if and when all conditions for retaining associated tax allowances have been met.

Deferred tax balances are not recognised in respect of permanent differences except in respect of business combinations, when deferred tax is recognised on the differences between the fair values of assets acquired and the future tax deductions available for them and the differences between the fair values of liabilities acquired and the amount that will be assessed for tax. Deferred tax is determined using tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date.


 
2.11

Exceptional items

Exceptional items are transactions that fall within the ordinary activities of the company but are presented separately due to their size or incidence.

 
2.12

Tangible fixed assets

Tangible fixed assets under the cost model are stated at historical cost less accumulated depreciation and any accumulated impairment losses. Historical cost includes expenditure that is directly attributable to bringing the asset to the location and condition necessary for it to be capable of operating in the manner intended by management.

At each reporting date the company assesses whether there is any indication of impairment. If such indication exists, the recoverable amount of the asset is determined which is the higher of its fair value less costs to sell and its value in use. An impairment loss is recognised where the carrying amount exceeds the recoverable amount.

Page 16

 
Incodia International Ltd
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements
For the year ended 31 December 2024

2.Accounting policies (continued)


2.12
Tangible fixed assets (continued)

Depreciation is charged so as to allocate the cost of assets less their residual value over their estimated useful lives, using the straight-line method.

Depreciation is provided on the following basis:

Leasehold building improvements
-
10-20% on cost per annum
Plant and machinery
-
10-33% on cost per annum

The assets' residual values, useful lives and depreciation methods are reviewed, and adjusted prospectively if appropriate, or if there is an indication of a significant change since the last reporting date.

Gains and losses on disposals are determined by comparing the proceeds with the carrying amount and are recognised in profit or loss.

 
2.13

Stocks

Stocks are stated at the lower of cost and net realisable value, being the estimated selling price less costs to complete and sell. Cost is based on the cost of purchase on a first in, first out basis. Work in progress and finished goods include labour and attributable overheads.

At each balance sheet date, stocks are assessed for impairment. If stock is impaired, the carrying amount is reduced to its selling price less costs to complete and sell. The impairment loss is recognised immediately in profit or loss.

 
2.14

Debtors

Short-term debtors are measured at transaction price, less any impairment. Loans receivable are measured initially at fair value, net of transaction costs, and are measured subsequently at amortised cost using the effective interest method, less any impairment.

 
2.15

Cash and cash equivalents

Cash is represented by cash in hand and deposits with financial institutions repayable without penalty on notice of not more than 24 hours. Cash equivalents are highly liquid investments that mature in no more than three months from the date of acquisition and that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash with insignificant risk of change in value.

 
2.16

Creditors

Short-term creditors are measured at the transaction price. Other financial liabilities, including bank loans, are measured initially at fair value, net of transaction costs, and are measured subsequently at amortised cost using the effective interest method.

Page 17

 
Incodia International Ltd
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements
For the year ended 31 December 2024

2.Accounting policies (continued)

 
2.17

Provisions for liabilities

Provisions are recognised when an event has taken place that gives rise to a legal or constructive obligation, a transfer of economic benefits is probable and a reliable estimate can be made.
Provisions are measured as the best estimate of the amount required to settle the obligation, taking into account the related risks and uncertainties.
 
Increases in provisions are generally charged as an expense to profit or loss.

 
2.18

Financial instruments

The company has elected to apply the provisions of Section 11 “Basic Financial Instruments” of FRS 102 to all of its financial instruments.

Financial instruments are recognised in the company's balance sheet when the company becomes party to the contractual provisions of the instrument.

Financial assets and liabilities are offset, with the net amounts presented in the financial statements, when there is a legally enforceable right to set off the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis or to realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.

Basic financial assets

Basic financial assets, which include trade and other debtors, cash and bank balances, are initially measured at their transaction price (adjusted for transaction costs except in the initial measurement of financial assets that are subsequently measured at fair value through profit and loss) and are subsequently carried at their amortised cost using the effective interest method, less any provision for impairment, unless the arrangement constitutes a financing transaction, where the transaction is measured at the present value of the future receipts discounted at a market rate of interest.

Discounting is omitted where the effect of discounting is immaterial. The company's cash and cash equivalents, trade and most other debtors due with the operating cycle fall into this category of financial instruments.

Impairment of financial assets

At the end of each reporting period financial assets measured at amortised cost are assessed for objective evidence of impairment. If an asset is impaired the impairment loss is the difference between the carrying amount and the present value of the estimated cash flows discounted at the asset’s original effective interest rate. The impairment loss is recognised in profit or loss. 


Financial assets are impaired when events, subsequent to their initial recognition, indicate the estimated future cash flows derived from the financial asset(s) have been adversely impacted. The impairment loss will be the difference between the current carrying amount and the present value of the future cash flows at the asset(s) original effective interest rate.
 

If there is a favourable change in relation to the events surrounding the impairment loss then the impairment can be reviewed for possible reversal. The reversal will not cause the current carrying amount to exceed the original carrying amount had the impairment not been recognised. The impairment reversal is recognised in the profit or loss.

Page 18

 
Incodia International Ltd
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements
For the year ended 31 December 2024

2.Accounting policies (continued)


2.18
Financial instruments (continued)

Financial liabilities

Financial liabilities and equity instruments are classified according to the substance of the contractual arrangements entered into. An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of the company after the deduction of all its liabilities.

Basic financial liabilities, which include trade and other creditors, bank loans and other loans are initially measured at their transaction price (adjusting for transaction costs except in the initial measurement of financial liabilities that are subsequently measured at fair value through profit and loss). When this constitutes a financing transaction, whereby the debt instrument is measured at the present value of the future payments discounted at a market rate of interest, discounting is omitted where the effect of discounting is immaterial.

Debt instruments are subsequently carried at their amortised cost using the effective interest rate method.

Trade creditors are obligations to pay for goods and services that have been acquired in the ordinary course of business from suppliers. Trade creditors are classified as current liabilities if the payment is due within one year. If not, they represent non-current liabilities. Trade creditors are initially recognised at their transaction price and subsequently are measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method. Discounting is omitted where the effect of discounting is immaterial.

Derecognition of financial instruments

Derecognition of financial assets

Financial assets are derecognised when their contractual right to future cash flow expire, or are settled, or when the company transfers the asset and substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership to another party. If significant risks and rewards of ownership are retained after the transfer to another party, then the company will continue to recognise the value of the portion of the risks and rewards retained.

Derecognition of financial liabilities

Financial liabilities are derecognised when the company's contractual obligations expire or are discharged or cancelled.

Page 19

 
Incodia International Ltd
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements
For the year ended 31 December 2024

3.


Judgments in applying accounting policies and key sources of estimation uncertainty

In preparing these financial statements, the Directors have had to make judgements, estimates and assumptions in determining the carrying value of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. The estimates and associated assumptions are based on historic experiences and various other factors that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results may differ from these estimates. The judgements, estimates and assumptions which have a significant risk of material misstatement in the carrying value of assets and liabilities are listed below:
Tangible fixed assets
Tangible fixed assets are depreciated over their useful lives taking into account residual values where appropriate. The actual lives of the assets and residual values are assessed periodically to ensure that the asset value is fairly stated in the financial statements. 
Provision against irrecoverable debts
At the balance sheet date, the Directors make judgements based on prior experience, regarding the level of provision required for debts that are deemed irrecoverable. 
Stock provision 
At the balance sheet date, the Directors make judgements based on prior experience, regarding the level of provision required to account for stock that is slow moving or obsolete.


4.


Turnover

An analysis of turnover by class of business is as follows:


2024
2023
£
£

Sale of goods
14,431,415
13,752,060


Analysis of turnover by country of destination:

2024
2023
£
£

United Kingdom
12,639,422
11,560,764

Rest of Europe
1,791,993
2,191,296

14,431,415
13,752,060


Page 20

 
Incodia International Ltd
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements
For the year ended 31 December 2024

5.


Exceptional items

2024
2023
£
£


Redundancy pay & National Insurance
(55,798)
792,197

Stock write-off
-
161,710

Liverpool Roof repairs
-
50,000

Other Colchester restructure costs
442,361
130,335

386,563
1,134,242

On 4 December, it was announced that operations at the Colchester site were expected to cease, with production activities to be transferred to affiliated companies. A collective consultation process commenced on 8 December with elected employee representatives and concluded at the end of February 2024. Following this process, a decision was made to scale down operations at the Colchester site rather than proceed with a full closure.
The majority of Colchester-based employees exited the business at the end of May 2024. Associated costs relating to the partial closure of the site have been recognised in the 2024 financial statements.


6.


Operating profit/(loss)

The operating profit/(loss) is stated after charging:

2024
2023
£
£

Depreciation of tangible fixed assets
535,593
649,821

Exchange differences
(38,010)
(58)

Profit on the sale of tangible fixed assets
(118,158)
(25,901)


7.


Auditors' remuneration

During the year, the company obtained the following services from the company's auditors:


2024
2023
£
£

Fees payable to the company's auditors for the audit of the company's financial statements
22,000
24,150

Page 21

 
Incodia International Ltd
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements
For the year ended 31 December 2024

8.


Employees

Staff costs, including director's remuneration, were as follows:


2024
2023
£
£

Wages and salaries
3,878,267
4,607,687

Social security costs
347,077
423,393

Cost of defined contribution scheme
82,543
101,227

4,307,887
5,132,307


The average monthly number of employees, including the director, during the year was as follows:


        2024
        2023
            No.
            No.







Printing and design
83
91



Sales and distribution
15
20



Management and administration
10
11

108
122


9.


Director's remuneration

2024
2023
£
£

Director's emoluments
-
106,000



10.


Interest payable and similar expenses

2024
2023
£
£


Bank interest payable
91,747
136,959

Finance leases and hire purchase contracts
122,758
148,069

214,505
285,028

Page 22

 
Incodia International Ltd
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements
For the year ended 31 December 2024

11.


Taxation


2024
2023
£
£



Total current tax
-
-

Deferred tax


Origination and reversal of timing differences
(338,628)
-

Total deferred tax
(338,628)
-


Tax on profit/(loss)
(338,628)
-

Factors affecting tax charge for the year

The tax assessed for the year is lower than (2023 - higher than) the standard rate of corporation tax in the UK of 25% (2023 - 23.52%). The differences are explained below:

2024
2023
£
£


Profit/(loss) on ordinary activities before tax
820,793
(1,344,273)


Profit/(loss) on ordinary activities multiplied by standard rate of corporation tax in the UK of 25% (2023 - 23.52%)
205,198
(316,173)

Effects of:


Capital allowances for year in excess of depreciation
(117,418)
12,000

Trading loss carried forward
-
301,872

Other timing differences leading to an increase (decrease) in taxation
(1,328)
2,301

Unrelieved tax losses carried forward
(338,628)
-

Brought forward lossed utilised
(86,452)
-

Total tax charge for the year
(338,628)
-


Factors that may affect future tax charges

There were no factors that may affect future tax charges.

Page 23

 
Incodia International Ltd
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements
For the year ended 31 December 2024

12.


Tangible fixed assets





Freehold property
Fixtures, fittings and equipment
Assets under construction
Total

£
£
£
£



Cost or valuation


At 1 January 2024
541,638
14,299,677
-
14,841,315


Additions
8,113
250,695
332,092
590,900


Disposals
(100,991)
(2,670,760)
-
(2,771,751)


Transfers between classes
-
248,536
(248,536)
-



At 31 December 2024

448,760
12,128,148
83,556
12,660,464



Depreciation


At 1 January 2024
396,522
12,341,390
-
12,737,912


Charge for the year
24,261
511,332
-
535,593


Disposals
(100,991)
(2,666,748)
-
(2,767,739)



At 31 December 2024

319,792
10,185,974
-
10,505,766



Net book value



At 31 December 2024
128,968
1,942,174
83,556
2,154,698



At 31 December 2023
145,116
1,958,287
-
2,103,403

The net book value of assets held under finance leases or hire purchase contracts, included above, are as follows:


2024
2023
£
£



Land and buildings
714
1,190

Plant and machinery
1,495,917
1,766,290

Computer equipment
73,231
10,980

1,569,862
1,778,460

Page 24

 
Incodia International Ltd
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements
For the year ended 31 December 2024

13.


Stocks

2024
2023
£
£

Raw materials and consumables
226,770
416,681

Work in progress
323,381
465,077

Finished goods and goods for resale
6,240
11,667

556,391
893,425


During the period an impairment loss of £72,573 (2023 - £105,691) was recognised in the period against stock.


14.


Debtors

2024
2023
£
£


Trade debtors
2,204,313
3,008,929

Amounts owed by group undertakings
-
34,251

Prepayments and accrued income
215,272
237,394

Deferred taxation
338,628
-

2,758,213
3,280,574


During the period an impairment loss of £NIL (2023 - £39,183) was recognised in the period against trade debtors.


15.


Cash and cash equivalents

2024
2023
£
£

Cash at bank and in hand
270,327
14,008

Less: bank overdrafts
-
(805)

270,327
13,203


Page 25

 
Incodia International Ltd
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements
For the year ended 31 December 2024

16.


Creditors: Amounts falling due within one year

2024
2023
£
£

Bank overdrafts
-
805

Bank loans
93,750
195,208

Trade creditors
861,717
1,475,025

Amounts owed to group undertakings
1,479,309
558,102

Other taxation and social security
309,861
399,096

Obligations under finance lease and hire purchase contracts
465,926
431,250

Proceeds of factored debts
1,002,492
1,457,004

Other creditors
125
125

Accruals and deferred income
537,829
1,550,539

4,751,009
6,067,154


The invoice discounting facility is secured by an assignment of trade receivables.


17.


Creditors: Amounts falling due after more than one year

2024
2023
£
£

Bank loans
-
93,750

Obligations under finance lease and hire purchase contracts
691,766
993,073

691,766
1,086,823


The Company uses hire purchase contracts to acquire capital assets. Current hire purchase contracts are fixed for a term with no escalation clauses. 
The bank loan is secured by way of a fixed charge with a negative pledge over the assets of the Company and repayable over 5 years. This is due for repayment in 2025.

Page 26

 
Incodia International Ltd
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements
For the year ended 31 December 2024

18.


Loans


Analysis of the maturity of loans is given below:


2024
2023
£
£

Amounts falling due within one year

Bank loans
93,750
195,208


93,750
195,208

Amounts falling due 1-2 years

Bank loans
-
93,750


-
93,750



93,750
288,958


The bank loan is secured by way of a fixed charge with a negative pledge over the assets of the Company and repayable over 5 years. This is due for repayment in 2025. 


19.


Hire purchase and finance leases


Minimum lease payments under hire purchase fall due as follows:

2024
2023
£
£


Within one year
525,970
542,000

Between 1-5 years
739,531
1,108,000

1,265,501
1,650,000


20.


Deferred taxation




2024


£






Charged to profit or loss
338,628



At end of year
338,628

Page 27

 
Incodia International Ltd
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements
For the year ended 31 December 2024
 
20.Deferred taxation (continued)

The deferred tax asset is made up as follows:

2024
2023
£
£


Tax losses carried forward
338,628
-

338,628
-


21.


Share capital

2024
2023
£
£
Allotted, called up and fully paid



2,865 (2023 - 2,865) Ordinary shares shares of £1.00 each
2,865
2,865



22.


Reserves

Profit and loss

Profit and loss account includes all current and prior period retained profits and losses. 

Share premium

Share premium account includes any premiums received on issue of share capital. 
Any transactions costs associated with the issuing of shares are deducted from share premium. 


23.


Pension commitments

The company operates a defined contributions pension scheme. The assets of the scheme are held separately from those of the company in an independently administered fund. The pension cost charge represents contributions payable by the company to the fund and amounted to £82,543 (2023: £101,227). Contributions totalling £25,158 (2023: £25,197) were payable to the fund at the balance sheet date and are included in creditors

Page 28

 
Incodia International Ltd
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements
For the year ended 31 December 2024

24.


Commitments under operating leases

At 31 December 2024 the company had future minimum lease payments due under non-cancellable operating leases for each of the following periods:

2024
2023
£
£

Land and buildings


Not later than 1 year
366,946
382,642

Later than 1 year and not later than 5 years
926,775
1,290,054

Later than 5 years
124,479
189,658

1,418,200
1,862,354

2024
2023

£
£

Plant and machinery


Not later than 1 year
103,883
541,792

Later than 1 year and not later than 5 years
132,825
1,107,833

236,708
1,649,625


25.Capital Commitment

The company has incurred capital expenditure to purchase new machinery. A deposit of 40% (£302,000) was paid in the year, the final remaining payment and delivery of machine occurred in 2025.


26.


Related party transactions

The company has not disclosed transactions with other group companies in accordance with the exemption available to 100% subsidiaries under the terms of FRS 102 Section 33.1A.


27.


Ultimate Controlling Party

The company regards Woodberry Packaging Limited as its parent company. The registered office of Woodberry Packaging Limited is 33 Fitzwilliam Place, Dublin 2. 
The company's ultimate parent company is Ryhall Limited with its registered office at 2 Shelbourne Buildings, Crampton Avenue, Dublin 4.
The company is ultimately controlled P Doran, by virtue of their shareholding of Ryhall Limited.

 
Page 29