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Registered number: 09927306










WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED










ANNUAL REPORT AND CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
COMPANY INFORMATION

 
Directors
G Czech 
O Jones 
R Kingston 
B G Murray 
D Read 
M Scanlon 
I Southerland 
P Utting 




Registered number
09927306



Registered office
18 Westside Centre
London Road

Colchester

Essex

CO3 8PH




Independent auditor
KPMG LLP
Chartered Accountants & Statutory Auditor

20 Station Road

Cambridge

CB1 2JD





 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
CONTENTS


Page
Chairman's Report
 
1 - 3
Group Strategic Report
 
4 - 18
Directors' Report
 
19 - 24
Directors' Responsibilities Statement
 
25
Independent Auditor's Report to the members of Walstead Group Limited
 
26 - 29
Consolidated Statement of Profit or Loss
 
30
Consolidated Statement of Other Comprehensive Income
 
31
Consolidated Balance Sheet
 
32 - 33
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity
 
34
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows
 
35 - 36
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
 
37 - 100
Company Balance Sheet
 
101 - 102
Company Statement of Changes in Equity
 
103
Notes to the Company Financial Statements
 
104 - 112
Appendix: Alternative Performance Measures
 
113 - 115

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
CHAIRMAN'S REPORT
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

Introduction
It was another challenging year for our industry. However, through diligent execution of our strategy, Walstead remains the pre-eminent supplier in the European commercial print market. Additionally, we continued to expand and evolve: we expanded the geographical footprint of Rhapsody, our digital marketing services business, and invested in our instore marketing and co-packing facility in Poland which increased revenue by 43% during the year.
Walstead UK had an excellent year, outperforming our expectations. After €32m of investment in 2022 and 2023, we provide the market-leading manufacturing platform for magazine, newspaper, and catalogue customers. 
By contrast, Walstead Iberia had a difficult year due to further declines in the demand for gravure commercial printing. In early 2025 we made the difficult decision to close Eurohueco, our gravure printing operation in Barcelona, and consolidated our Spanish business into Rotocobrhi, our market-leading web offset facility in Madrid.
During 2024 we commenced a plan to combine our Walstead Leykam and Walstead CE divisions to create a single new division, branded as Walstead CE. This initiative is due to be concluded in 2025. The merged business operates from seven manufacturing sites in Austria, Czech Republic, Germany, Poland, and Slovenia. Walstead CE performed satisfactorily in a market that continues to suffer from significant overcapacity, particularly in Germany. Despite, signs of a reduction in capacity in Germany, we believe further rationalisation is required and is likely to take place.  

Our team and structure
In response to the changing market, we simplified our operating structure during the year. 
As commented above, we combined our businesses in Central Europe to create an extremely strong and versatile platform to serve customers across most of Europe. I am also delighted to see the merged business sharing best practice and innovation, as well as driving much greater efficiency. This represents one of the most significant integration projects we have undertaken, and we expect to see substantial top and bottom-line improvements from 2025 onwards.
Secondly, we brought our UK and Spanish businesses under the leadership of a single CEO and I am pleased to report on excellent progress being made in sharing best practice between the teams.
Finally, these initiatives involved certain changes to the Board: I would like to thank our current and former directors for their judgement and diligence during this exceptionally busy year.

Our strategy and capital allocation
Walstead continues to be a pre-eminent supplier of commercial print. Our geographical reach and substantial printing and binding capabilities – the largest in Europe - demonstrate our commitment to our customers and our industry. Our strategy remains to maintain and grow our market share in commercial web offset printing and to acquire complementary and growing businesses that are market leaders in their individual sectors.
As I noted in my report last year our strategy to expand into the wider graphic industries space will not be a quick one, and I’m proud of the restraint that we have shown. We continue to assess acquisitions that offer growth prospects, can be scaled through selective investment, are well-managed, and generate strong cashflows and we will pursue, and hopefully acquire, the right opportunities.
 
Page 1

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
CHAIRMAN'S REPORT (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

In the meantime, the Group has prioritised its capital towards restructuring the existing manufacturing platform as well as paying down debt. Our external net debt reduced to €51.1 million at the end of 2024 from €65.0 million at the end of 2023 and at this current rate the business is on track to eliminate the remaining debt by the end of 2027.

Our financial performance in 2024

Walstead’s 2024 performance was affected by industry-wide reductions in volume and compounded by ongoing macroeconomic headwinds and uncertainty. Commodity prices remained volatile, with wars, elections, and inflation all being contributing factors.
In the year ended 31 December 2024 Walstead’s gross revenue was €540.7 million (
2023: €582.0 million). Net revenue¹ was €370.4 million (2023: €378.1 million). EBITDA (adjusted)¹ was €28.0 million (2023: €34.8 million). Operating loss was €7.7 million (2023: €0.8 million loss) and operating loss (adjusted)¹ was €2.6 million (2023: €3.3 million profit). 
Further improving the Group’s cash and liquidity positions remain a primary focus for Walstead’s management. As I noted earlier in my report net debt¹ at 31 December 2024 decreased to €68.3 million (
2023: €80.5 million) which comprised €51.1 million of external net debt¹ (2023: €65.0 million) and €17.2 million of shareholder loans (2023: €15.5 million). 
At the year-end our external net debt leverage ratio¹ improved to 1.8x (
2023: 1.9x)
Net cash inflow from operating activities in the year was €6.5 million (
2023: €24.5 million). Net current liabilities at 31 December 2024 were €58.4 million (2023: €57.9 million) of which €10.2 million (2023: €10.2 million) was due under revolving credit and factoring facilities. Further financial details and key performance indicators are provided in the Group Strategic Report. 
During 2024 we completed the sale for two vacant freehold properties that generated net proceeds of €22.6 million which were used to reduce our external net bank debt. The Group’s net capital expenditure in the year was substantially reduced to €15.6 million (
2023: €25.4 million) and, combined with the property disposals, this contributed to our overall net debt position.
¹ See page 113 for definitions of Alternative Performance Measures

Current trading and developments in 2025
It has been a busy start to 2025: we announced the closure of sites in Barcelona (Spain) and St Pölten (Austria). These are always difficult decisions. However, the Group will continue to take the necessary actions to ensure the long term success of the business by matching supply with demand.
In June 2025 we announced that Walstead’s private equity shareholder, Rutland Partners, indicated that they are looking to realise their investment in the company, which they have held since 2016. We have had an excellent relationship with Rutland over the last nine years. Their intention to sell is not unexpected and will, undoubtedly, create an opportunity for a new investor to support the ongoing growth of Walstead which will continue to consolidate the European commercial print sector.
Trading in the first half of 2025 has been solid and is line with our budget and expectations.
 
Page 2

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
CHAIRMAN'S REPORT (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

Our stakeholders
I would like to thank my colleagues. I am truly grateful for the efforts of our teams across the Group.
I would also like to thank our suppliers, banks, finance providers, and equity investors who play an essential role in maintaining the progress of Walstead. 
Finally, a big thank you to all our customers who continue to rely on Walstead and choose our services.

 

NameM Scanlon
Chairman


Page 3

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
GROUP STRATEGIC REPORT
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024
 
Introduction
 
The Directors present the Group Strategic Report of Walstead Group Limited ("the Company") and its subsidiaries (together "the Group") for the year ended 31 December 2024.
Walstead is the largest commercial web offset printing business in Europe. Founded in 2008, Walstead has completed over 10 acquisitions. It operates three territory-based divisions (Walstead United Kingdom, Walstead Iberia and Walstead Central Europe) which together employ approximately 3,000 staff at print manufacturing sites in the UK, Spain, Austria, Czech Republic, Slovenia, Poland and Germany.
Walstead has over 50 presses processing over 500,000 tonnes of paper annually. The Group specialises in printing high-volume advertising flyers and leaflets for major European retailers; and magazines, catalogues, supplements, brochures and newspaper supplements for publishers and brand owners. The Group also provides digital marketing services through its Rhapsody division which has offices in the UK, Spain, Poland and the USA. Further information on the Group can be found on the following websites:
www.walstead-group.com 
www.rhapsodymedia.com 

Strategy and objectives

The Group’s strategy is to continue to grow revenue and profits both organically and by acquisition to leverage economies of scale in all aspects of operations, as well as to provide the widest possible geographic coverage to our customers. Due to the Group’s size, we can deliver economies of scale far beyond most competitors and this in turn delivers significant value to our shareholders.
Competition in the sector is fragmented with numerous small operators largely serving local markets. In addition to volume-related economies of scale, the Group is also able to leverage additional benefits through adopting best practices in production, distribution efficiencies through multiple production sites, and efficient routes to market through a co-ordinated sales strategy.
Walstead will continue to look for opportunities in the print supply chain, from pre-media to post-press services, from paper management to logistics, from digital to offset web printing.
The printing industry is evolving rapidly with certain markets being subject to increased competition from the digital media sector and this has resulted in a reduction in market size for certain product categories. Our strategy is to focus on markets where demand is strongest either because competition is weak or where end markets are most robust.

Principal risks and uncertainties
 
The Group’s risk management principals are that we only take risks relevant to our strategic goals and that those risks are balanced with proportionate reward. The senior management team identify and control risks through their weekly operational meetings and monthly board meetings. Further detail regarding financial risks can also be seen in note 34.
 
Page 4

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
GROUP STRATEGIC REPORT (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

Principal risks and uncertainties (continued)
The principal risks facing the Group include:


Risk
Description
Response
Market pressure
 
 
 
 
 
 
Failure to respond to competitive pressures in the market could lead to revenues and margins weakening.
 
 
 
 
 
The Group manages this risk by ensuring the quality of its products, by providing added value services to its customers, having fast response times not only in supplying products, but in handling all customer queries and by maintaining strong relationships with customers. The Group’s strategy is to focus on markets with the greatest longevity and where competition is weak.
Reliance on key suppliers
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Supply disruption could impact customer satisfaction as an inability to print to schedule, leading to loss of revenue. 
 
 
 
 
 
The Group has processes in place to manage and monitor exposure to significant counterparties centrally and within the manufacturing sites; where we are exposed regarding specialised products, supplier and customer communication is at the heart of the process to ensure delivery is maintained. For all our key purchases we have relationships with alternative suppliers should there be a failure amongst any of the key suppliers.
Health and Safety
 
 
 
 
 
The Group’s business is subject to occupational health and safety rules. Failure to comply with occupational health and safety rules could lead to fines or monetary penalties being levied on the Group as well as injury to staff and employees.
Health and safety guidelines and training is in place across the group. Regular audits and updates and a review of near-misses is done on a monthly basis.
 
 
 
 
Reliance on key employees
 
The resignation of key employees and the inability to recruit people with the right expertise and skills could adversely affect the Group’s results.
Training programmes and succession planning reduce this risk so that we have continuity. Incentive programmes also assist in retaining staff.
 
Availability of finance
 
 
 
Inability to obtain finance to fund business needs could result in a shortage of cash to enable it to pay its debts as they fall due. 
 
Financing is obtained from a diversified range of sources and includes both secured and unsecured facilities. The availability of assets to provide security to lenders provides options for the Group to obtain financing at optimal rates.  
Exchange rate movements and interest rate increases
Movement in exchange rates could impact on profitability or result in a reduction to net assets. Increasing interest rates would increase the debt service requirements. 
 
Financing is obtained for each territory in its local currency so that assets are matched by its associated funding. A substantial proportion of the Group’s facilities have a fixed rate of interest minimising the impact on debt service if interest rates increase. 
 

Page 5

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
GROUP STRATEGIC REPORT (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

Principal risks and uncertainties (continued)

Risk
Description
Response
Pandemic
 
 
 
 
Another pandemic could result in disruption to our operational sites and / or customers / suppliers.
 
 
The Group has developed policies and procedures to allow safe working in our plants and minimise the risk of spreading disease. Whilst there have been some permanent changes to business practice, additional procedures will be re-instated as needed to minimise the interruption to operations. 
Increase in energy and raw material prices 
 
 
Increase in the cost of production may be difficult to pass on to the consumer in the short term and have impact on volumes produced. 
 
 
The Group works closely with its customers to manage the cost of production. It ensures that a high-quality service is maintained whilst passing on cost increases through the supply chain where necessary to maintain a viable business. Any impact on production volumes is carefully managed to maintain efficiencies across the group. 
Cyber breach
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Major information security breach or cyber-attack could result in reputational damage, business interruption and litigation, as well as negative impact on customer relations including loss of confidence. Potential exposure to fines or prosecution (Data Protection Act). Developers could stop supporting ageing IT hardware creating risks to data security.
The risk of attack is continuous, and we look to minimise the risks with firewalls and up-to-date anti-virus protection systems. Group policies, staff training and data backup routines ensure high levels of protection. Data protection policies and practices are in place and regular updates are performed on IT systems used across the Group.
 
 
 
Equipment and system obsolescence
 
 
 
 
Spare parts for plant and machinery not being readily available could increase maintenance costs and result in production interruptions.
 
 
 
Engineering spares are held for critical components. Consistency of equipment across the group means many components are interchangeable and allow spares to be transferred between group companies where required. The group also continually review their IT systems and programmes, updating where appropriate to improve efficiencies and to ensure they are supported by external providers. 
Regulatory and legislative reporting changes
 
Failure to comply with all regulatory and legislative reporting requirements. 
 
 
In conjunction with the internal skills and knowledge within Walstead, the Group work with several partners that specialise in their respective fields and provide management with advice and support to ensure compliance. 

Page 6

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
GROUP STRATEGIC REPORT (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024
 
Corporate and social responsibility

Environmental, employee, social, community and human right matters

The Group’s performance depends largely on its managers and staff. The resignation of key employees and the inability to recruit people with the right expertise and skills could adversely affect the Group’s results. To mitigate these risks, the Group operates a training programme for its employees and provides incentives linked to the results that are designed to retain key personnel.
The Group has consistently sought to recruit and retain the best employees in order to provide good customer service, which is the foundation of the business.
The Group recognises the importance of understanding and controlling environmental impacts where possible. We aim to ensure our paper is sourced from sustainable and environmentally managed forests, and production waste materials are effectively recycled. Our printing processes aim to be as efficient as reasonably possible to minimise emission and other environmental impacts.
The Group is committed to working closely, and in a sustainable manner, with our suppliers and business partners. We consider our broader role within the community and look for opportunities where we can play a larger part in those communities.
The Group supports the principals laid out in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights; our major human rights impacts relate to colleagues, contractors, suppliers and our products.
 
Employee gender diversity
2024
2024
2023
2022
Male
Female
Male
Female
Directors
Directors of the Company
7
1
8
1
Directors of subsidiary companies not included in the above
12
1
16
1
19
2
24
2
Total senior managers other than Directors
Other senior managers
19
2
37
3
Other employees of the Group
2,303
749
2,438
707
2,341
753
2,499
712

Page 7

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
GROUP STRATEGIC REPORT (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024
 
Fair review of the business and key performance indicators (KPIs)
 
A summary of the key financial results for the year to 31 December 2024 is set out in the tables below:

2024
2023
€'000
€'000

Financial highlights – Statutory measures


Revenue
540,703
581,997

Operating loss
(7,690)
(756)

Loss before tax
(16,179)
(9,971)

Net assets
62,612
82,754

The Group’s Directors use key performance indicators to measure progress in delivering the business model and creating sustainable shareholder returns. Whilst the above financial highlights reflect the results for the Group for 2024 and 2023, the below KPI’s provide alternative performance measures that are used by the Directors to analyse the business.
In the period under review the Group used the following key performance indicators:


2024
2023
€'000
€'000
Financial highlights - Alternative performance measures
EBITDA (adjusted)
28,043
34,764
EBITDA (adjusted) as a percentage of net revenue
7.6%
9.2%
EBITDA (adjusted) return on capital employed
18.8%
19.3%
External net debt to EBITDA (adjusted)
1.8x
1.9x
Added value per production employee
85.0
79.9

* See page 113  for definitions of Alternative Performance Measures


Page 8

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
GROUP STRATEGIC REPORT (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024
 
Fair review of the business and key performance indicators (continued)

Volumes and revenue reduced year on year. In general the Group has managed this decline well, however a particularly difficult year in Iberia has been the major contributor to a reduction in EBITDA (adjusted)*. As noted in the future developments section that Group has taken steps to mitigate this going forward.
The UK performed well following significant investment in 2022 and 2023. In Central Europe the Group has merged the CE and Leykam divisions, which is expected to strengthen the business in that region.
Gross revenue reduced by 7.1% year on year to €540.7 million 
(2023: €582.0 million); this was partly due to reductions in the cost of paper, which is largely a pass through cost.
 
Net revenue* (Gross revenue less paper costs) has reduced by 2.0% on prior year mostly resulting from lower production volumes. Primarily due to carefully managed costs and capacity, Added Value as a percentage of Net Revenue increased in the year to 59.0% up from 56.4% in 2023. Added value per production employee was €85.0k 
(2023: €79.9k).
The impact of the above results in an increase in Gross Profit to €92.5m 
(2023: €84.9m).
Other operating income declined €9.5m to €5.8m. This is largely due to a significant reduction in electricity income and this is a key driver of the reduced profitability of the Group.
Whilst the lower volumes have allowed for some cost mitigation, administrative costs have increased. In part this is due to the Groups continued investment, for example in the Rhapsody business unit. The other key driver was an increase in impairment costs particularly relating to the Iberian business.
Profit and loss on disposal of fixed assets returned a profit of €5.8m 
(2023: loss of €1.3m) as the profits from the disposal of two freehold properties more than offset the losses arising from plant and machinery disposals. EBITDA (adjusted)* has decreased to €28.0 million (2023: €34.8 million). EBITDA (adjusted)* as a percentage of Net revenue* has declined slightly to 7.6% (2023: 9.2%).
Restructuring and other costs were higher by €1.0m, whilst net finance costs decreased by €0.7m. 
The overall result is a statutory loss before tax of €16.2 million compared to 2023 loss of €10.0 million.
Cash generation from operating activities was €6.5 million 
(2023: €24.5 million) with continued good management of working capital. Capital expenditure was well controlled with no major capital projects. The disposal of two freehold properties was the major contributor to proceeds from the disposal of property, plant and equipment increasing to €24.2m from €0.6m in 2023.
External net debt* reduced significantly to €51.1 million compared to €65.0 million in the prior year and the reduction in external debt is a highlight of the 2024 financial performance. 
External net debt to EBITDA (adjusted) ratio* decreased to 1.8x 
(2023: 1.9x) and remains relatively low. 
At the year-end cash and cash equivalents were €32.7 million and bank facility headroom was €22.5 million giving the Group a healthy €55.2 million of cash availability 
(2023: cash balances of €33.4 million and undrawn bank facilities of €33.6 million).
* See page 113 for definitions of Alternative Performance Measures

Page 9

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
GROUP STRATEGIC REPORT (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024
 
Future developments

Site closures
As noted in the Chairman’s report, in 2025 we announced the closure of sites in Barcelona (Spain) and St Pölten (Austria). 
Corporate restructuring
On 30 June 2025, Walstead Holdings Limited (“WHL”), the ultimate parent company of the Walstead Group Limited, acquired 100% of the share capital of Walstead Group Limited from Walstead Finance Limited (“WFL”), its immediate parent company, for a consideration of £16.6 million.
Further details of events after the reporting date are disclosed in note 36.

Non-Financial and Sustainability Statement

Introduction
Walstead’s climate related financial disclosures for the purposes of section 414CB of the Companies Act 2006 are detailed below.  
Governance
Board oversight of climate-related risks and opportunities
The Board of Directors have ultimate oversight of the Groups strategy, including its approach to the effect of climate change on the Group’s business model.  The Board considers climate-related issues as part of its decision making, including in relation risk management, annual budgets and business plans.
ESG compliance is a regular discussion item at  Board meetings throughout the year and climate change is included in these discussions. 
The Group Energy Efficiency team, comprising members from the Board of Directors, Commercial, Procurement and the Group Health, Safety and Environment (“HSE”) team, have been delegated management of climate-related issues by the Board.  The Group Energy Efficiency team receives information about climate-related issues through activities such as internal briefings by members of the Executive management team and briefings from external advisors.  Feedback from the Group Energy Efficiency team on Walstead’s progress on climate change related matters, including progress against climate-related goals and targets, is provided to the Board of Directors regularly. As part of this oversight the Board reviews specific numerical KPIs as well as qualitive discussions with teams across the business monthly.
The Audit Committee serves as a partner to the Board, diligently monitoring the organisations risk exposure and risk appetites, including in relation to climate-related risks, to ensure they align with established thresholds.  Additionally, the Audit Committee provides an oversight function by reviewing the effectiveness of implemented risk management and control systems.  The Audit Committee is assisted in its oversight role by the Groups internal audit function, which undertakes both regular and ad hoc reviews of risk management controls and procedures, including in relation to climate-related risks; the results of these reviews are reported to the Audit Committee.  The Chair of the Audit Committee reports to the Board on all matters within its duties and responsibilities, including any climate-related matters that were discussed.
 
Page 10

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
GROUP STRATEGIC REPORT (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

Management's role in assessing and managing climate-related risks and opportunities
The Group Energy Efficiency team overseas implementation of the Groups strategy in relation to climate change.
In addition, the Groups Executive management team monitors and assesses climate-related risks through its risk monitoring activities.  Further information on how management assesses and manages climate-related risks and opportunities is set out in the ‘Risk management’ disclosures below.
Strategy
Climate-related risks and opportunities over the short, medium and long term
Climate change poses several risks to the printing sector and is a principal risk (as part of overall ESG compliance) for the Group.
The Group has identified several specific climate-related risks and opportunities through a series of stakeholder interviews and desk-based research.  
This process resulted in a shortlist of key potential risks and opportunities for Walstead within different category areas, including transition risks associated with the transition to a lower carbon economy and physical risks arising from acute weather events or longer-term chronic changes to the climate.
Climate-related risks and opportunities were considered over the following time horizons: short term (less than two years), medium term (more than two years but less than ten years) and long term (greater than ten years).  The definition of each time horizon is broadly aligned to the Group’s medium term climate change targets for 2030.  Expert external advice was obtained to allocate each climate change target to an appropriate time horizon.  
Further information on the climate-related risks and opportunities potentially arising in the short, medium and long term is set out in the ‘Risks and opportunities’ section below. 
Impact of climate related risks and opportunities on Walstead business strategy and financial planning
Consideration of topics relating to climate change is a fundamental aspect of Walstead business model.  Through the work completed with sustainability partners Nero Carbon and Envirya, the Group was able to look at further reduction projects.
The climate-related risks and opportunities into business strategy has led to the Group to increase its investment on LED lighting and heat recovery, further lowering gas usage, as well as invest in more efficient chillers and compressors. From the beginning of the financial year the Group began using green electricity in some of its sites and continues to invest in research and to implement new technologies that are expected to lower Walstead’s organisational Scope 1 and 2 emissions footprint.
Climate-related risks input into financial planning processes through the consideration of the potential carbon emissions footprint of existing and proposed operating projects and capital investment projects.
Climate-related factors are expected to have an impact on the financial performance in the short to medium term due to potentially increased operating costs and the potential for increased capital investment but present opportunities in the long term through reduced energy usage and reduced energy costs. There are a range of possible financial impacts arising from the climate related factors and these are monitored on an ongoing basis.
 
Page 11

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
GROUP STRATEGIC REPORT (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

Resilience climate change scenarios
Walstead utilises advanced printing technologies and upholds strict quality standards to ensure consistent, high-quality outputs across our extensive range of printing services.  This commitment to excellence extends to our sustainability initiatives, with efforts to reduce waste, minimise energy consumption and use environmentally friendly materials in its processes.  
We are closely following the evolving risks and opportunities arising from climate change for Walstead, positioning ourselves to capitalise on the increasing market demand for low carbon products and services. 
Risk management
Process for identifying and assessing climate-related risks
The Board of Directors has ultimate responsibility for the identification of emerging and potential risks, including climate-related risks, and associated strategies to manage and mitigate such risks.
The Group has an internal risk register which considers emerging and principal risks related to the business, including climate-related risks, and determines their relative significance by reference to monetary impact, probability, maximum foreseeable loss, trend and mitigating actions.  The risk register is updated on a regular basis. and reviewed by the Audit Committee.  The Executive committee ultimately reports into the Board for further review and approval of the risk register.
Managing climate-related risks
The Board monitors the Groups risk management and internal control systems on an ongoing basis, supported by the Audit Committee, Executive Committee and Group Energy Efficiency team.
Where a risk is deemed to be sufficiently significant in terms of potential impact or likelihood, appropriate risk mitigation measures are sought, including with the assistance of third-party specialists where relevant.
The Chief Operating Officer has been delegated responsibility for managing specific climate related risks within the business, on a day to day basis.
Further information on the actions taken to manage and mitigate risks relating to climate change is set out in the ‘Risks and opportunities’ section below.
How processes for identifying, assessing and managing climate-related risks are integrated into Walstead's overall risk management
The Groups processes for identifying, assessing, and managing climate-related risks are fully integrated into the Groups overall risk governance framework, further details of which are set out in the ‘Risk management’ section above.
 
Page 12

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
GROUP STRATEGIC REPORT (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

Metrics and targets
Metrics used to assess climate-related risks and opportunities
The Group uses a wide range of climate-related metrics including GHG emissions (Scopes 1, 2 and 3 and emissions intensity), as well as consumption of electricity, natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas (“LPG”) and waste generation.
Walstead is also monitoring various key performance indicators (“KPIs”) to assess and manage climate-related risks and opportunities.  These include electricity, natural gas and LPG consumption and turnover intensity ratios.  These metrics and targets were selected based on their direct relevance to the Group’s operations and their ability to effectively track policy, market and technological changes.  
The Group does not have specific targets or KPIs, however it will strive to introduce best practice in this sector.  The Group has chosen to take the exemption to disclose against elements of the UK-CFD; primarily around the resilience of the business model, specific targets identified in relation to climate risk and KPIs in relation to these targets.
Whilst the Group is fully aware of the importance of climate related risk, the potential risks identified above are medium and long term in nature, coupled with a pessimistic scenario outlook. The Directors therefore views the impact upon the Group as very limited in the short to medium term. As a result of this, climate risk does not form a key part of the Group’s risk management process, although this will be continually reviewed as appropriate.
The appropriate Scope 1, 2 and 3 emissions in 2024 and 2023 as well as the methodology used to calculate GHG emissions is set out in the financial statements of the applicable subsidiaries.
Targets
At Walstead our commitment to sustainability encompasses several key focus areas: energy efficiency, waste reduction, carbon footprint monitoring and responsible sourcing.
Energy efficiency
Dedicated to reducing energy consumption across the printing sites.  Through the use of advanced technology and energy efficient equipment, the aim is to decrease overall energy usage by implementing improvements such as LED lighting, power factor correction, and energy heating systems.
Waste Reduction
Waste management and recycling are critical to Walstead’s sustainability goals.  With an aim to decrease the amount of waste sent to landfill by expanding recycling programs to include metal, aluminium plates, paper, cardboard, and plastic.  The goal is to recycle as much waste as possible to minimise environmental footprint.
Carbon Footprint Monitoring
Walstead uses Nero Carbon's product calculator, an online carbon calculator, to monitor and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.  This tool helps track our carbon footprint across all three scopes, providing insights to guide their efforts to lower emissions and promote sustainable practices. 
Responsible Sourcing
Prioritising the use of environmentally responsible materials, such as Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) and PEFC-certified paper. By sourcing these sustainable materials, it supports responsible forest management and contributes to environmental objectives. 
 
Page 13

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
GROUP STRATEGIC REPORT (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

Certification
Walstead is certified to ISO 9001, ISO 14001, and ISO 45001, internationally recognised standards that demonstrates our commitment to quality management, environmental responsibility, and occupational health and safety.
 
ISO 9001: A standard for quality management systems (“QMS”), ensuring processes are efficient, consistent, and customer-focused.  It requires a commitment to continuous improvement and customer satisfaction, emphasising a systematic approach to managing quality across all aspects of the Group’s operations.

ISO 14001: A standard to set the framework for environmental management systems (“EMS”), providing guidance in reducing environmental impact while complying with legal requirements.  This standard helps identify, monitor, and control potential environmental risks and promote sustainability.

ISO 45001: An international standard for occupational health and safety management systems. It focuses on creating a safe and healthy workplace by identifying and managing risks, reducing workplace hazards, and fostering employee well-being. 

Risks and opportunities
In reviewing the possible risks and opportunities facing Walstead because of climate change a series of interviews were held with a range of stakeholders.  This process was established to determine perceptions around climate change and Walstead’s business model.
Through a mix of desk-based research and key stakeholder interviews, a number of shortlists have been developed of key potential risks and opportunities for Walstead, as shown below.
 
Risks
Opportunities
Time horizon
Increase in climate consciousness amongst customers and investors.  Potential loss of finance, trust and brand value if climate-related matters are not addressed.  Reduced market demand for emissions intensive products.  The use of paper, ink and energy intensive printing processes can be perceived as less environmentally friendly.
 
 
Collaborating with a net-zero committed printer enhances our customers' brand image, showcasing their dedication to environmental responsibility and attracting eco-conscious consumers.
 
Reducing carbon footprint opens new markets to explore.  Changing perception of the business giving opportunity to enhancer reputation through responsible actions.  
2030-2050
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Lack of sustainable supply chain.  Risk of using environmentally unfriendly suppliers impacting current and future business.  Potential loss of finance, trust and brand value if climate related matters are not addressed.
Build resilience amongst the supply chain.  
 
Comprehensive review of all suppliers to ensure credentials and reduction targets are aligned with the business.  
2030-2050
 
 
 
 

Page 14

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
GROUP STRATEGIC REPORT (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

Risks and opportunities (continued)

Risks
Opportunities
Time horizon
Un-sustainable printing practices and failure to future-proof operations
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
As regulations and market demand shift towards sustainability it is expected that there will be increased demand for low carbon products and services.  
 
Walstead are investigating a number of eco-friendly processes to ensure our customers are ahead of the curve, avoiding potential future costs or disruptions.  
 
Opportunities include using carbon balanced paper and investigating inks that have lower volatile organic compounds (‘VOCs’).
2030-2050
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Increase in energy usage and costs from use of inefficient technology.  Inability to change will inevitably result in higher future energy usage and costs.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The printing business is energy intensive.  The adoption of low-emission energy sources is expected to reduce energy costs and carbon footprint.
 
Walstead is dedicated to reducing energy consumption across the printing sites.  Printing presses aim to be as efficient as reasonably possible to minimise emission and environmental impacts.  
 
Using advanced technology and energy efficient equipment, the aim is to decrease overall energy usage by implementing improvements such as LED lighting, power factor correction, and energy heating systems.
2030-2050
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Page 15

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
GROUP STRATEGIC REPORT (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024
 
Directors' statement of compliance with duty to promote the success of the Group
 
This statement, which forms part of the Group Strategic Report, is intended to show how the Directors have approached and met their responsibilities under Section 172(1) (a) to (f) of the Companies Act 2006 (“Section 172(1)”) during the period under review.  As required by Section 172(1), the Directors consider, both individually and together, that they have acted in the way they consider, in good faith, would be most likely to promote the success of the Group for the benefit of its members as a whole, having regard to its stakeholders and the matters set out in Section 172(1).  In doing this, the Directors must have regard amongst other matters, to; 
a) The likely consequences of any decision in the long term;
b) The interests of the Group’s employees;
c) The need to foster the Group’s business relationships with suppliers, customers and others;
d) The impact of the Group’s operations on the community and the environment;
e) The desirability of the Group maintaining a reputation for high standards of business conduct; and
f) The need to act fairly between members of the Group.
The Board receives suitable training and briefings on Directors’ duties and updates in relation to corporate governance developments and stakeholder engagement.  New Directors appointed to the Board receive tailored, individual briefings on their duties and obligations as part of their induction.
The following paragraphs, together with the Corporate and Social Responsibilities, as shown in the Group Strategic Report, summarise how the Directors fulfil their duties:
(a) The likely consequences of any decision in the long term;
 
The Board recognises that decisions taken today will affect the long-term success and sustainability of the Group.  
The Board receives regular reports from across the business on performance, financial position, and the implementation of strategy, as well as updates on the market, relationships with customers, suppliers and other external influences.  These factors feed into discussions on strategy and setting priorities to ensure that the potential impact of decisions, particularly on the long term, are understood and considered.
The Board understands the potential impacts of the decisions it makes for its stakeholders, the environment and the communities in which the Group operates.
(b) The interests of the Group’s employees;
The Board recognise that the Group’s employees are fundamental to the success of the business and the delivery of its strategic ambitions.  The business depends on attracting, retaining, developing and motivating talented employees. 
The Board regularly consider and assess the implications of relevant decisions on employees and the wider workforce. 
The Group aims to be a fair and responsible employer in its approach to the pay and benefits its employees receive. The Group operates a training programme for its employees and provides incentives linked to the results that are designed to retain key personnel.
 
Page 16

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
GROUP STRATEGIC REPORT (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

The health, safety and well-being of the Group’s employees is of paramount importance to the way the business operates. Each employee is provided with a comprehensive handbook on Safety in the Workplace as part of an induction programme. The Group has established a clearly defined policy of Health and Safety which meets all the requirements set out in the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 or the relevant standards applicable to the country of operation.
The Board places considerable value on the involvement of its employees and has continued to keep them informed on matters affecting them as employees and on the various factors affecting the performance of the Group.  Employees are encouraged to participate and be involved in matters that affect their interests as employees.
(c) The need to foster the Group’s business relationships with suppliers, customers and others;
The Board recognises the importance of key stakeholders in the long-term success of the Group, reflected in the focus on effective engagement and building mutually beneficial relationships with suppliers, customers and other business partners. 
The Group engage regularly with these stakeholders, with interactions led by the day-to-day management team and with Board-level involvement where appropriate. The Board receive feedback on a variety of topics that indicate how these stakeholders have been engaged and uses this to continuously review its approach. The Group utilise multi-year contracts with both customers and suppliers to provide certainty to both parties and enable a longer-term strategic development of these relationships. 
The Group acting as an intermediary between stakeholders works with suppliers to develop products that meet the needs of the customers. Similarly, it proactively promotes new, innovative solutions that have been developed and tested by the Group and its suppliers. This creates an environment for continuous improvement providing improved quality, process efficiencies and reducing the environmental footprint of a product, ultimately benefiting all stakeholders.  
The Group continually assesses the priorities related to customers, suppliers and those with whom it does business, with the Board engaging with the business and management team on these topics.
(d) The impact of the Group’s operations on the community and the environment;
The Board are committed to driving down energy and carbon impacts and recognise that its business activities interact with the environment in a variety of ways.  The Board receive information on relevant topics to help them make decisions.  
The Group is committed to working closely, and in a sustainable manner, with key stakeholders.  The Group considers its broader role within the community and looks for opportunities where it can play a larger role in these communities.
The Board recognise the importance of understanding and controlling environmental impacts wherever possible.  The Group aim to ensure paper is sourced from sustainable and environmentally managed forests, and that production waste materials are effectively recycled.  The Group’s printing processes aim to be as efficiency as reasonably possible to minimise emission and other environmental impacts.
More information can be found in the ‘Non-Financial and Sustainability Statement’ section on page 10 - 15.
 
Page 17

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
GROUP STRATEGIC REPORT (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

(e) The desirability of the Group maintaining a reputation for high standards of business conduct;
The Board is responsible for setting and monitoring the culture, values and reputation of the Group.  Maintaining a reputation for high standards of business conduct is an essential part of this responsibility.  
The Board periodically reviews and approves clear frameworks, such as the Group’s Code of Conduct and Integrity Principles, to ensure that high standards are maintained in the business and in the Group’s business relationships. The Code of Conduct sets out the principles of how the Board expect everyone who works with or represents the Group to behave and do business, with the Board leading by example.
The Board of Directors aim to behave responsibly and ensure that management operates the business in a responsible manner, operating within the expected high standards of business conduct and good governance and in doing so contribute to the delivery of the Group’s strategy and plans.
(f) The need to act fairly between members of the Group
After weighing up all relevant factors, the Board consider which course of action best enables delivery of the Group’s strategy and long-term interests, taking into consideration the effect on stakeholders.  In doing so, the Board act fairly between the Group’s members but are not required to balance the Group’s interests with those of other stakeholders. This can sometimes mean that certain stakeholder interests may not be fully aligned.
As a result of these activities, the Directors believe they have demonstrated compliance with their legal duty under Section 172(1) (a) to (f) of the Companies Act 2006.


This report was approved by the Board and signed on its behalf by:



B G Murray
Director
Date: 30 September 2025

Page 18

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
DIRECTORS' REPORT
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

The Directors present their report and the audited financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2024.

Directors

The Directors who served during the year and up to the date of approval of this report were:

J Camacho Fernandez (resigned 2 July 2024)
G Czech 
S Gutheil (resigned 30 September 2024)
N Johnson (resigned 3 September 2024)
O Jones 
R Kingston 
R Marsh (resigned 1 March 2024)
B G Murray (appointed 3 September 2024)
D Read 
M Scanlon 
I Southerland (appointed 5 August 2024)
P Utting 

Dividends

The Directors do not recommend the payment of a dividend following their approval of the 2024 consolidated financial statements and no dividends were paid during the year (2023: €nil).

Political contributions

Neither the Group or Company made any political donations or incurred any political expenditure during the year (2023: €nil).

Forward-looking statements

Where the financial statements contain forward-looking statements, these are based on current expectations and assumptions and are subject to risk factors and uncertainties which the Directors believe are reasonable. Accordingly, the Group and Company’s actual future results may differ materially from the results expressed or implied in these forward-looking statements. We do not undertake to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

Engagement with employees

The Group places considerable value on the involvement of its employees and has continued to keep them informed on matters affecting them as employees and on the various factors affecting the performance of the Group. The Group encourages employee participation and involvement in matters that affect their interests as employees.
The Group has established a clearly defined policy of Health and Safety which meets all the requirements set out in the Health and Safety at Work Act 1974.

Disabled employees

The Group gives full consideration to applications for employment from disabled persons where the requirements of the job can be adequately fulfilled by a handicapped or disabled person. Where existing employees become disabled, it is the Group’s policy, wherever practicable, to provide continuing employment under normal terms and conditions and to provide training and career development and promotion to disabled employees wherever appropriate.

Page 19

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
DIRECTORS' REPORT (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024
 
Qualifying third party indemnity provisions

The Group and Company has made qualifying third-party indemnity provisions for the benefit of its Directors which remain in force at the date of this report.

Greenhouse gas emissions, energy consumption and energy efficiency action

The Group is committed to driving down our energy and carbon impacts. The Group recognises that its business activities interact with the environment in a variety of ways and its responsibility to help protect the environment. The Group is committed to: 
 
Continuous improvement in the environmental impact of its business activities;
Complying with relevant legal, customer and other third-party requirements; and
Adopting best practices to its activities wherever possible.

Our Streamlined Energy and Carbon Reporting (SECR) disclosure presents our carbon footprint across Scopes 1, 2 and 3 together with an appropriate intensity metric and our total energy usage. The data only includes information relating to Walstead Roche Limited and Walstead Bicester Limited as these are the only UK entities that meet the threshold for SECR reporting.
Operational scopes
Following the UK Government’s Environmental Reporting Guidelines, the Energy and Carbon Disclosure meets the requirements for large unquoted companies:
Scope 1 - Combustion of gasses on premises and combustion of fuels in vehicles. 
Scope 2 - Purchased electricity.
Scope 3 - Business travel in rental cars or employee-owned vehicles where the Company is responsible for purchasing the fuel.
Methodology
The services of Nero Carbon LTD (Nero) were employed to assist with the quantification of emissions.
Activity data were identified and entered into Nero's Greenhouse Gas (GHG) Calculator. Nero verified the activity data by auditing submitted evidence files, including utility statements and mileage records.
The methodology of Nero’s GHG Calculator conforms to the Greenhouse Gas Protocol Standards and has been independently verified to ISO14064-1. The 2023 UK Government GHG Conversion Factors for Company Reporting were used to calculate emissions and to convert activity data into a kWh-equivalent
Purchased electricity and the dual reporting approach (location-based and market-based) follows The GHG Protocol Scope 2 Guidance. Market-based emission factors were sourced from the Group's electricity suppliers' Fuel Mix Disclosures for the relevant periods.

Page 20

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
DIRECTORS' REPORT (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

Emissions overview
Absolute emissions in tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent (tCO2e) is shown below:

2024
2023
tCO2e
tCO2e
Scope 1
Company Premises - Gaseous fuels, natural gas
7,279
7,327
Company Vehicles - Gaseous fuels, LPG, HGVs
244
267
7,523
7,594
Scope 2
Location-based - Purchased electricity
7,869
7,661
Market-based - Purchased electricity*
17,406
14,162
7,869
7,661
Scope 3
Business Travel
34
-
34
-
Total emissions
15,426
15,255
Intensity Ratio
Turnover (£'000)
77,180
77,020
Ratio - kgCO2e per £1m of turnover
199,870
191,689

* Not included in totals

Page 21

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
DIRECTORS' REPORT (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

Energy overview
Energy consumption used to calculate the above emissions in (kWh) is shown below:

2024
2023
kWh
kWh
Scope 1
Company Premises - Gaseous fuels, natural gas
39,800,852
40,050,693
Company Vehicles - Gaseous fuels, LPG
1,063,657
1,162,214
40,864,509
41,212,907
Scope 2
Purchased Electricity
38,005,797
36,996,341
38,005,797
36,996,341
Scope 3
Business Travel
138,390
-
138,390
-
Total
79,008,696
78,209,248

Emissions summary
Total energy consumption in the reporting period was 79,008,696kWh, representing a 1% change from the previous year.
The consumption of this energy resulted in emissions of 15,426 tonnes of carbon dioxide equivalent (tCO2e). This was a 1% change compared to the previous year.
The highest emissions in the reporting period resulted from purchased electricity (7,869 tCO2e).
Energy efficiency action
During the year ended 31 December 2023, the Group made major investments in LED lighting, more energy efficient cold-water chillers and compressors. The compressors have also been used for heat recovery within our facilities, further lowering the gas usage. In August 2023 the Group engaged with an ESG consultant to gain a clear understanding of the Group's Carbon Footprint and look at further reduction projects on the businesses journey to net zero, enabling the Group to measure the impact of the investments already made in the future. From 1 January 2025 the UK Group will be using 100% renewable electricity across all sites.


Page 22

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
DIRECTORS' REPORT (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024
 
Matters covered in the Group Strategic Report

In accordance with Section 414c (11) of the Companies Act 2006, the Directors have chosen to include the following items in the Group Strategic Report: 

Principal activity and business review 
Principal risks and uncertainties 
Future developments

 
Disclosure of information to auditor

Each of the persons who are Directors at the time when this Directors' Report is approved has confirmed that:
 
so far as the Directors is aware, there is no relevant audit information of which the Group and the Company's auditor is unaware, and

the Directors has taken all the steps that ought to have been taken as a Director in order to be aware of any relevant audit information and to establish that the Group and the Company's auditor is aware of that information.

Post balance sheet events

Fire damage
In May 2025 there was a fire on one of the presses at the Group’s print site in Bicester, UK. The Group has taken the appropriate steps to mitigate the impact of this and continues to serve customers by utilising other presses on the site, and in the Group. There is comprehensive insurance in place. As this occurred after the reporting period, it is considered a non-adjusting event, and no adjustments have been made to the 2024 financial statements.
Site closures
The Group entered into consultations with employee representatives at sites in Barcelona (Spain) in January 2025 and St. Pölten (Austria) in March 2025. These sites are expected to close in 2025. The loss after tax for both sites for the year ended 31 December 2024 was €11.4m and €3.3m respectively.
The closure of the sites is the result of fundamental changes in the printing industry in Europe in recent years, including demand changes and increasing costs. 
Corporate restructuring
On 30 June 2025, Walstead Holdings Limited (“WHL”), the ultimate parent company of the Walstead Group Limited, acquired 100% of the share capital of Walstead Group Limited from Walstead Finance Limited (“WFL”), its immediate parent company, for a consideration of £20.1 million.
This transaction represented an intra-group transfer of shares and did not result in any change to the ultimate control, or to the consolidated net assets or results, of Walstead Group Limited.
As the transaction occurred after the reporting date, it is classified as a non-adjusting event under IAS 10. Accordingly, no adjustments have been made to these financial statements.
 
Page 23

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
DIRECTORS' REPORT (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

Ultimate controlling party
In June 2025 the Group announced that the private equity shareholder in Walstead Holdings Limited, the Company’s ultimate holding company, has indicated that they are looking to realise their investment in the Walstead business. At this stage in the process the particular buyer has not yet been identified and no adjustments have been made to the 2024 financial statements relating to this.

This report was approved by the Board and signed on its behalf by:
 

B G Murray
Director
Date: 30 September 2025
Page 24

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
DIRECTORS' RESPONSIBILITIES STATEMENT
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

The Directors are responsible for preparing the Group Strategic Report, Directors' Report and the consolidated financial statements, in accordance with applicable law.

Company law requires the Directors to prepare consolidated financial statements for each financial year. Under that law they have elected to prepare the consolidated financial statements in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) as adopted by the UK and the Parent Company financial statements in accordance with applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice), including Financial Reporting Standard 102.

Under company law the Directors must not approve the consolidated financial statements unless they are satisfied that they give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the Group and the Company and of the profit or loss of the Group for that period. In preparing each of the consolidated and Parent Company financial statements, the Directors are required to:

select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently;

make judgements and estimates that are reasonable and prudent;

for the consolidated financial statements, state whether they have been prepared in accordance with IFRS as adopted by the UK, subject to any material departures disclosed and explained in the financial statements;

for the Parent Company financial statements, state whether applicable UK Accounting Standards have been followed, subject to any material departures disclosed and explained in the financial statements;

assess the Group and Company's ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern; and

use the going concern basis of accounting unless they either intend to liquidate the Group or the Company or to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so.

The Directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that are sufficient to show and explain the Parent Company's transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the Parent Company and enable them to ensure that the financial statements comply with the Companies Act 2006. They are responsible for such internal control as they determine is necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and have general responsibility for taking such steps as are reasonably open to them to safeguard the assets of the Group and to prevent and detect fraud and other irregularities.

Page 25

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR'S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 

Opinion

We have audited the financial statements of Walstead Group Limited (“the Company”) for the year ended 31 December 2024 which comprise the Consolidated Statement of Profit or Loss, Consolidated Statement of Other Comprehensive Income, Consolidated and Company Balance Sheet, Consolidated and Company Statement of Changes in Equity, Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows and related notes, including the accounting policies in note 4.
 
In our opinion:

the financial statements give a true and fair view of the state of the Group’s and of the parent Company’s affairs as at 31 December 2024 and of the Group’s loss for the year then ended;
the Group financial statements have been properly prepared in accordance with UK-adopted international accounting standards;
the parent Company financial statements have been properly prepared in accordance with UK accounting standards, including FRS 102 The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland; and;
the financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006

Basis for opinion

We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (“ISAs (UK)”) and applicable law. Our responsibilities are described below. We have fulfilled our ethical responsibilities under, and are independent of the Group in accordance with, UK ethical requirements including the FRC Ethical Standard. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is a sufficient and appropriate basis for our opinion.

Going concern

The Directors have prepared the financial statements on the going concern basis as they do not intend to liquidate the Group or the Company or to cease their operations, and as they have concluded that the Group and the Company’s financial position means that this is realistic. They have also concluded that there are no material uncertainties that could have cast significant doubt over their ability to continue as a going concern for at least a year from the date of approval of the financial statements (“the going concern period”).

In our evaluation of the Directors’ conclusions, we considered the inherent risks to the Group’s business model and analysed how those risks might affect the Group and Company’s financial resources or ability to continue operations over the going concern period.

Our conclusions based on this work:

we consider that the Directors’ use of the going concern basis of accounting in the preparation of the financial statements is appropriate;
we have not identified, and concur with the Directors’ assessment that there is not, a material uncertainty related to events or conditions that, individually or collectively, may cast significant doubt on the Group or the Company's ability to continue as a going concern for the going concern period.

However, as we cannot predict all future events or conditions and as subsequent events may result in outcomes that are inconsistent with judgements that were reasonable at the time they were made, the above conclusions are not a guarantee that the Group or the Company will continue in operation.

Page 26

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR'S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 

Fraud and breaches of laws and regulations – ability to detect

Identifying and responding to risks of material misstatement due to fraud
To identify risks of material misstatement due to fraud (“fraud risks”) we assessed events or conditions that could indicate an incentive or pressure to commit fraud or provide an opportunity to commit fraud. Our risk assessment procedures included:

Enquiring of Directors as to the Group’s high-level policies and procedures to prevent and detect fraud and the Group’s channel for “whistleblowing”, as well as whether they have knowledge of any actual, suspected or alleged fraud.
Reading Board minutes.
Considering remuneration incentive schemes and performance targets for management.
Using analytical procedures to identify any unusual or unexpected relationships.

We communicated identified fraud risks throughout the audit team and remained alert to any indications of fraud throughout the audit. This included communication from the Group audit team to full scope component audit teams of relevant fraud risks identified at the Group level and request to full scope component audit teams to report to the Group audit team any instances of fraud that could give rise to a material misstatement at the Group level.

As required by auditing standards, and taking into account possible pressures to meet profit we perform procedures to address the risk of management override of controls and the risk of fraudulent revenue recognition at cut-off, in particular the risk that revenue is recorded in the wrong period and the risk that Group and component management may be in a position to make inappropriate accounting entries.

We did not identify any additional fraud risks.

In determining the audit procedures we took into account the results of our evaluation and testing of the operating effectiveness of the Group-wide fraud risk management controls.

We performed procedures including:

Identifying journal entries and other adjustments to test for all full scope components based on risk criteria  and comparing the identified entries to supporting documentation. These included those posted to unusual  accounts.
• For a sample of sales invoices raised close to year end, assessing whether the revenue has been             recognised in the correct period through inspection of relevant supporting documentation and the                underlying contractual terms.
• Assessing whether the judgments made in making accounting estimates are indicative of a potential bias.

Identifying and responding to risks of material misstatement related to compliance with laws and regulations
We identified areas of laws and regulations that could reasonably be expected to have a material effect on the financial statements from our general commercial and sector experience and through discussion with the Directors (as required by auditing standards) and discussed with the directors the policies and procedures regarding compliance with laws and regulations.

We communicated identified laws and regulations throughout our team and remained alert to any indications of noncompliance.

The potential effect of these laws and regulations on the financial statements varies considerably.

Page 27

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR'S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 

Firstly, the Group is subject to laws and regulations that directly affect the financial statements including financial reporting legislation (including related companies legislation), distributable profits legislation and taxation legislation and we assessed the extent of compliance with these laws and regulations as part of our procedures on the related financial statement items.

Secondly, the Group is subject to many other laws and regulations where the consequences of non-compliance could have a material effect on amounts or disclosures in the financial statements, for instance through the imposition of fines or litigation. We identified the following areas as those most likely to have such an effect: health and safety, data protection laws, anti-bribery, employment law, recognising the nature of the Group’s activities. Auditing standards limit the required audit procedures to identify non-compliance with these laws and regulations to enquiry of the Directors and inspection of regulatory and legal correspondence, if any. Therefore, if a breach of operational regulations is not disclosed to us or evident from relevant correspondence, an audit will not detect that breach.

Context of the ability of the audit to detect fraud or breaches of law or regulation
Owing to the inherent limitations of an audit, there is an unavoidable risk that we may not have detected some material misstatements in the financial statements, even though we have properly planned and performed our audit in accordance with auditing standards. For example, the further removed non-compliance with laws and regulations is from the events and transactions reflected in the financial statements, the less likely the inherently limited procedures required by auditing standards would identify it.

In addition, as with any audit, there remained a higher risk of non-detection of fraud, as these may involve collusion, forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations, or the override of internal controls. Our audit procedures are designed to detect material misstatement. We are not responsible for preventing non-compliance or fraud and cannot be expected to detect non-compliance with all laws and regulations.

Other information

The Directors are responsible for other information which comprises the Group Strategic Report, the Chairman’s Statement and the Directors’ Report. Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and, accordingly, we do not express an audit opinion or, except as explicitly stated below, any form of assurance conclusion thereon.

Our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, consider whether, based on our financial statements audit work, the information therein is materially misstated or inconsistent with the financial statements or our audit knowledge. Based solely on that work:

we have not identified material misstatements in the other information;
in our opinion the information given in those reports for the financial year is consistent with the financial statements; and
in our opinion those reports have been prepared in accordance with the Companies Act 2006.

Matters on which we are required to report by exception

Under the Companies Act 2006, we are required to report to you if, in our opinion:

adequate accounting records have not been kept by the parent Company, or returns adequate for our audit have not been received from branches not visited by us; or
the parent Company financial statements are not in agreement with the accounting records and returns; or
certain disclosures of Directors’ remuneration specified by law are not made; or
we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit.

We have nothing to report in these respects.

Page 28

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR'S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 

Directors’ responsibilities

As explained more fully in their statement set out on page 25, the Directors are responsible for: the preparation of the financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair view; such internal control as they determine is necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error; assessing the Group and parent Company’s ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern; and using the going concern basis of accounting unless they either intend to liquidate the Group or the parent Company or to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so.

Auditor’s responsibilities

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue our opinion in an auditor’s report.  Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but does not guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists.  Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of the financial statements.

A fuller description of our responsibilities is provided on the FRC’s website at www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities.

The purpose of our audit work and to whom we owe our responsibilities

This report is made solely to the Company’s members, as a body, in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of the Companies Act 2006.  Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the Company’s members those matters we are required to state to them in an auditor’s report and for no other purpose.  To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other than the Company and the Company’s members, as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we have formed.

 

Michael Scrivener (Senior Statutory Auditor)

  

for and on behalf of KPMG LLP, Statutory Auditor
 
Chartered Accountants
  
20 Station Road
Cambridge
CB1 2JD
 
Date: 
30 September 2025

Page 29

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF PROFIT OR LOSS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

 
2024
2023
Note
€'000
€'000
Revenue
6
540,703
581,997
Cost of sales
(448,192)
(497,104)
Gross profit
92,511
84,893
Other operating income
7
5,776
15,264
Distribution expenses
(28,403)
(28,343)
Administrative expenses
(83,381)
(71,308)
Profit/(loss) on disposal of fixed assets
5,807
(1,262)
Operating loss
8
 
(7,690)
(756)
EBITDA (adjusted)*
28,043
34,764
 
Depreciation
14
(28,256)
(28,098)
Amortisation and impairment
15
(8,194)
(2,135)
Profit/(loss) on disposal of fixed assets
5,807
(1,262)
Operating profit (adjusted)*
(2,600)
3,269
Restructuring and other costs
9
(5,090)
(4,025)
Operating loss
(7,690)
(756)
Finance costs - net
(8,489)
(9,215)
Loss before tax
(16,179)
(9,971)
Taxation
13
(2,621)
(2,158)
Loss for the year from continuing operations
(18,800)
(12,129)

*See page 113 for the definition of alternative performance measures.
The notes on pages 37 to 100 form part of these financial statements.


Page 30

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
STATEMENT OF OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

2024
2023
€'000
€'000

Loss for the year from continuing operations
  
(18,800)
(12,129)

 
Other comprehensive income:

Items that will not be reclassified to profit or loss:
  

Actuarial loss on severance provision
  
(708)
(377)

 
Items that will or may be reclassified to profit or loss:
  

Exchange (losses)/gains arising on translation on foreign operations
  
(634)
1,989

Other comprehensive income for the year
  
(1,342)
1,612

Total comprehensive income
  
(20,142)
(10,517)


The notes on 37 to 100 form part of these financial statements.

Page 31

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET
AS AT 31 DECEMBER 2024

 
2024
2023
Note
€'000
€'000
Non-current assets
Property, plant and equipment
14
149,057
187,783
Intangible assets
15
33,032
31,831
Deferred tax assets
13
22,501
19,814
204,590
239,428
Current assets
Inventories
17
22,276
24,346
Trade and other receivables
18
33,887
36,269
Assets held for sale
22
1,785
-
Cash and cash equivalents
30
32,668
33,402
90,616
94,017
Total assets
295,206
333,445
Current liabilities
Trade and other payables
19
(109,561)
(118,569)
Corporation tax payable
(2,779)
(167)
Loans and borrowings
20
(35,754)
(32,020)
Provisions
21
(927)
(1,164)
(149,021)
(151,920)
Net current liabilities
(58,405)
(57,903)
Non-current liabilities
Trade and other payables
19
(1,661)
(1,361)
Loans and borrowings
20
(65,183)
(81,917)
Provisions
21
(9,972)
(11,572)
Deferred tax liability
13
(6,757)
(3,921)
(83,573)
(98,771)
Total liabilities
(232,594)
(250,691)
Net assets
62,612
82,754
Page 32

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 


CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET (CONTINUED)
AS AT 31 DECEMBER 2024


Equity
Share capital
23
65
65
Retained earnings
54,906
74,414
Foreign exchange reserve
7,641
8,275
Equity attributable to the owners of the parent
62,612
82,754

The financial statements were approved and authorised for issue by the Board of Directors and were signed on its behalf by:

B G Murray
Director
Date: 30 September 2025

The notes on pages 37 to 100 form part of these financial statements.
Page 33

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
AS AT 31 DECEMBER 2024

 
Share capital
Foreign exchange reserve
Retained earnings
Total equity
€'000
€'000
€'000
€'000
At 1 January 2023
65
6,286
86,920
93,271
Comprehensive income for the year
Profit for the year
-
-
(12,129)
(12,129)
Other comprehensive income
-
1,989
(377)
1,612
Total comprehensive income for the year
-
1,989
(12,506)
(10,517)
At 31 December 2023
65
8,275
74,414
82,754


At 1 January 2024
65
8,275
74,414
82,754
Comprehensive income for the year
Loss for the year
-
-
(18,800)
(18,800)
Other comprehensive income
-
(634)
(708)
(1,342)
Total comprehensive income for the year
-
(634)
(19,508)
(20,142)
At 31 December 2024
65
7,641
54,906
62,612

The notes on pages 37 to 100 form part of these financial statements.


Page 34

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED

 
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

2024
2023
Note
€'000
€'000

Cash flows from operating activities
  

Loss for the year
  
(18,800)
(12,129)

Adjustments for
  

Depreciation of property, plant and equipment
 14 
28,256
28,099

Impairment of property, plant and equipment
 14 
7,266
-

Amortisation of intangible fixed assets
 15 
928
926

Impairment losses on intangible assets
 15 
-
1,209

Impairment/(reversal) of bad debts on trade receivables
  
27
(119)

Finance expense
  
9,589
9,215

Negative goodwill acquired through business combinations
  
-
(2,372)

(Profit)/loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment
  
(5,807)
1,262

Net exchange losses on foreign currency borrowings
  
(1,100)
(365)

Income tax expense
 13 
2,621
2,158

  
22,980
27,884

Movements in working capital:
  

Decrease in trade and other receivables
  
6,419
5,379

Decrease in inventories
  
2,282
12,418

Decrease in trade and other payables
  
(14,124)
(11,499)

Decrease in provisions and employee benefits
  
(2,665)
(2,325)

Cash generated from operations
  
14,892
31,857

Income taxes reclaimed
  
290
87

Interest paid
  
(8,633)
(7,451)

Net cash generated from operating activities

  
6,549
24,493

Cash flows from investing activities
  

Acquisition of subsidiary, net of cash acquired
  
-
(11,040)

Purchases of property, plant and equipment
  
(10,330)
(25,397)

Proceeds from disposal of property, plant and equipment
  
24,203
574

Purchase of intangible assets
 15 
(362)
(592)

Net cash generated from/(used in) investing activities

  
13,511
(36,455)
Page 35

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED

 
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024








2024
2023




€'000
€'000


Cash flows from financing activities
  

Drawdown of borrowings
  
-
12,585

Repayment of borrowings
  
(16,143)
(5,393)

Net drawdown of revolving credit and invoice factoring
  
9,095
4,139

Repayment of loans from related parties
  
-
(5,801)

Payment of lease liabilities
  
(14,303)
(9,152)

Net cash used in financing activities
  
(21,351)
(3,622)

Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents
  
(1,291)
(15,584)

Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of year
  
33,402
48,208

Exchange gains on cash and cash equivalents
  
557
778

Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the year
 30 
32,668
33,402

The notes on 37 to 100 form part of these financial statements.

Page 36

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

1.


Reporting entity

Walstead Group Limited ("the Company") is a private company limited by shares incorporated and domiciled in the United Kingdom. The Company's registered office is 18 Westside Centre, London Road, Colchester, Essex, CO3 8PH. These consolidated financial statements comprise the Company and its subsidiaries (collectively "the Group" and individually "Group companies"). 
The principal activities of the Group and Company, and the nature of the Group's operations are set out in the Group Strategic Report on pages 4 to 18.


2.


Basis of preparation

The Group's consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards, International Accounting Standards and Interpretations as adopted by the UK (collectively IFRSs). The Company's individual financial statements were prepared in accordance with Financial Reporting Standard 102 and the Companies Act 2006.

Details of the Group's accounting policies, including changes during the year, are included in note 4.

In preparing these financial statements, management has made judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the application of the Group accounting policies and the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, income and expenses. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

Estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to estimates are recognised prospectively.

The areas where judgements and estimates have been made in preparing the consolidated financial statements and their effects are disclosed in note 5.


2.1 Basis of measurement

The financial statements have been prepared on the historical cost basis except for the following items, which are measured on an alternative basis on each reporting date.


Items

Measurement basis


Trade receivables
Amortised cost

Cash
Amortised cost

Trade and other creditors
Amortised cost

Invoice discounting
Amortised cost

Lease liabilities
Amortised cost

Loans from related parties
Amortised cost

Term loans
Amortised cost

Page 37

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

2.Basis of preparation (continued)


2.2 Changes in accounting policies

i) New and amended standards adopted by the Group

The Group has applied the following standards and amendments for the first time for their annual reporting period commencing 1 January 2024:
• IFRS 16: Leases - The amendment requires a seller-lessee to apply the subsequent measurement requirements for lease liabilities unrelated to a sale and leaseback transaction to lease liabilities arising from a leaseback in a way that it recognises no amount of the gain or loss related to the right of use that it retains;
• IAS 1: Presentation of Financial Statements - Under previous IAS 1 requirements, the Group would classify a liability as current when they do not have an unconditional right to defer settlement for at least 12 months after the reporting date. The amendment has removed the requirement for a right to be unconditional and instead now requires that a right to defer settlement must exist at the reporting date and have substance;
• IFRS 7; Financial Instruments - The amendments introduce a new disclosure objective for a Group to provide information about its supplier finance arrangements that would enable users (investors) to assess the effects of these arrangements on the Group’s liabilities and cash flows, and the Company’s exposure to liquidity risk.
The amendments listed above did not have any impact on the amounts recognised in prior periods and are not expected to significantly affect the current or future periods.

ii) 

UK-adopted IFRS standards not yet applied

The following new standards, interpretations and amendments, which are not yet effective and have not been adopted early in these financial statements, will or may have an effect on the Group's future financial statements:

• Amendments to IAS 21: Foreign Exchange - Under the amendments, the Company will need to provide new disclosures to help users assess the impact of using an estimated exchange rate on the financial statements. These disclosures might include:
- the nature and financial impacts of the currency not being exchangeable;
- the spot exchange rate used;
- the estimation process; and
- risks to the Company because the currency is not exchangeable.

These standards are not expected to have a material impact on the entity in the current or future reporting periods and on foreseeable future transactions.


3.


Functional and presentation currency

Items included in the financial statements of each of the Group’s entities are measured using the currency of the primary economic environment in which the entity operates ("the functional currency").
These consolidated financial statements are presented in Euro ("€"), which is the Group's functional currency. All amounts have been rounded to the nearest thousand ("€'000"), unless otherwise indicated.

Page 38

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

4.Accounting policies

 
4.1

Basis of consolidation

The consolidated financial statements incorporate the financial statements of the Company and entities (including structured entities) controlled by the Company and its subsidiaries. Control is achieved when the Company:
has power over the investee;
is exposed, or has rights, to variable returns from its involvement with the investee; and
has the ability to use its power to affect its returns.

The Company reassesses whether or not it controls an investee if facts and circumstances indicate that there are changes to one or more of the three elements of control listed above.

When the Company has less than a majority of the voting rights of an investee, it has power over the investee when the voting rights are sufficient to give it the practical ability to direct the relevant activities of the investee unilaterally. The Company considers all relevant facts and circumstances in assessing whether or not the Company's voting rights in an investee are sufficient to give it power, including:
the size of the Company's holding of voting rights relative to the size and dispersion of holdings of the other vote holders;
potential voting rights held by the Company, other vote holders or other parties;
rights arising from other contractual arrangements; and
any additional facts and circumstances that indicate that the Company has, or does not have, the current ability to direct the relevant activities at this time that decisions need to be made, including voting patterns at previous shareholders' meetings.

Consolidation of a subsidiary begins when the Company obtains control over the subsidiary and ceases when the Company loses control of the subsidiary. Specifically, income and expenses of a subsidiary acquired or disposed of during the year are included in the Consolidated Statement of Profit or Loss and Other Comprehensive Income from the date the Company gains control until the date when the Company ceases to control the subsidiary.

Profit or loss and each component of other comprehensive income are attributed to the owners of the Company and to the non-controlling interests. Total comprehensive income of subsidiaries is attributed to the owners of the Company and to the non-controlling interests even if this results in the non-controlling interests having a deficit balance.

When necessary, adjustments are made to the financial statements of subsidiaries to bring their accounting policies into line with the Group's accounting policies.

All intragroup assets and liabilities, equity, income, expenses and cash flows relating to transactions between members of the Group are eliminated in full on consolidation.

Page 39

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

4.Accounting policies (continued)


4.1
Basis of consolidation (continued)


Changes in the Group's ownership interests in existing subsidiaries

Changes in the Group's ownership interests in subsidiaries that do not result in the Group losing control over the subsidiaries are accounted for as equity transactions. The carrying amounts of the Group's interests and the non-controlling interests are adjusted to reflect the changes in their relative interests in the subsidiaries. Any difference between the amount by which the non-controlling interests are adjusted and the fair value of the consideration paid or received is recognised directly in equity and attributed to owners of the Company.

When the Group loses control of a subsidiary, a gain or loss is recognised in profit or loss and its calculated as the difference between (i) the aggregate of the fair value of the consideration received and the fair value of any retained interest and (ii) the previous carrying amount of the assets (including goodwill), and liabilities of the subsidiary and any non-controlling interests. All amounts previously recognised in other comprehensive income in relation to that subsidiary are accounted for as if the Group had directly disposed of the related assets or liabilities of the subsidiary (i.e. reclassified to profit or loss or transferred to another category of equity as specified/permitted by applicable IFRSs). The fair value of any investment retained in the former subsidiary at the date when control is lost is regarded as the fair value on initial recognition for subsequent account under IAS 39, when applicable, the cost on initial recognition of an investment in an associate or a joint venture.

Page 40

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

4.Accounting policies (continued)


4.2

Going concern

Notwithstanding net current liabilities of €58.4m as at 31 December 2024 and a loss after tax for the year of €18.8m, the financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis which the Directors consider to be appropriate for the following reasons:
The Group and Company’s business activities, together with the factors likely to affect its future development, performance and position are set out in the Group Strategic Report. Principal risks are detailed on pages 4 to 6. The financial position of the Group, its cash flows, liquidity position and borrowing facilities are described in the financial statements.
The Directors have prepared cash flow forecasts and performed a going concern assessment for at least 12 months from the date of approval of these financial statements (the going concern period), which indicates that in the base case scenario the Group will have sufficient availability to finance to meet its liabilities as they fall due during the going concern assessment period.
The Directors have also prepared severe yet plausible downside scenarios, which take account of potential but plausible declines in trading performance driven by inflation and loss in customer demand. 
In particular, these scenarios include modelling reductions in revenue or an increase in the price of raw materials. Results from these models noted that there was sufficient funds to meet Group’s liabilities as they fall due during the going concern assessment period.
In addition to operating cash flows, the Group meets day to day financing and working capital needs through external facilities and shareholder loan notes. The factoring facility held across the Group is subject to a net equity covenant. The Directors note that at no point in the modelling (i.e. either in the base case or severe but plausible case) the covenants are expected to breach.
The Directors are confident that the Group and Company will have sufficient working capital to continue to meet its liabilities for at least 12 months from the date of approval of these financial statements.
As noted in the Chairman’s Report  the Company’s private equity shareholder, Rutland Partners, has indicated that they are looking to realise their investment in the Walstead business. At this stage in the process the particular buyer has not yet been identified. However any sale is expected to be realised by the Company’s immediate parent, Walstead Holdings Limited, selling its investment in the Company. Therefore it is possible that a change of ownership may occur during the going concern period. While it is not possible to predict precisely what would happen to the Company in the event of a change in ownership, having considered factors such as the Group’s market leading position and its integrated operations, the Directors are confident that the going concern basis remains appropriate as the date of approving the financial statements.
Consequently, the Directors have prepared these financial statements on a going concern basis.

Page 41

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

4.Accounting policies (continued)

  
4.3

Business combinations

Acquisitions of businesses are accounted for using the acquisition method. The consideration transferred in a business combination is measured at fair value, which is calculated as the sum of the acquisition-date fair values of the assets transferred by the Group, liabilities incurred by the Group to the former owners of the acquiree and the equity interests issued by the Group in exchange for control of the acquiree. Acquisition-related costs are generally recognised in profit or loss as incurred.

At the acquisition date, the identifiable assets acquired and the liabilities assumed are recognised at their fair value, except that:
deferred tax assets or liabilities, and assets or liabilities related to employee benefit arrangements are recognised and measured in accordance with IAS 12 Income Taxes and IAS 19 respectively;
liabilities or equity instruments related to share-based payment arrangements of the acquiree or share-based payment arrangements of the Group entered into to replace share-based payment arrangements of the acquiree are measured in accordance with IFRS 2 at the acquisition date; and
assets (or disposal groups) that are classified as held for sale in accordance with IFRS 5 Non-current Assets Held for Sale and Discontinued Operations are measured in accordance with that Standard.

Goodwill is measured as the excess of the sum of the consideration transferred, the amount of any non-controlling interests in the acquiree, and the fair value of the acquirer's previously held equity interest in the acquiree (if any) over the net of the acquisition-date amounts of the identifiable assets acquired and the liabilities assumed. If, after reassessment, the net of the acquisition-date amounts of the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed exceeds the sum of the consideration transferred, the amount of any non-controlling interests in the acquiree and the fair value of the acquirer's previously held interest in the acquiree (if any), the excess is recognised immediately in profit or loss as a bargain purchase gain.

Non-controlling interests that are present ownership interests and entitle their holders to a proportionate share of the entity's net assets in the event of liquidation may be initially measured either at fair value or at the non-controlling interests' proportionate share of the recognised amounts of the acquiree's identifiable net assets. The choice of measurement basis is made on a transaction-by-transaction basis. Other types of non-controlling interests are measured at fair value or, when applicable, on the basis specified in another IFRS.

When the consideration transferred by the Group in a business combination includes assets or liabilities resulting from a contingent consideration arrangement, the contingent consideration is measured at its acquisition-date fair value and included as part of the consideration transferred in a business combination. Changes in the fair value of the contingent consideration that qualify as measurement period adjustments are adjusted retrospectively, with corresponding adjustments against goodwill. Measurement period adjustments are adjustments that arise from additional information obtained during the ‘measurement period’ (which cannot exceed one year from the acquisition date) about facts and circumstances that existed at the acquisition date.

The subsequent accounting for changes in the fair value of the contingent consideration that do not qualify as measurement period adjustments depends on how the contingent consideration is classified. Contingent consideration that is classified as equity is not remeasured at subsequent reporting dates and its subsequent settlement is accounted for within equity. Contingent consideration that is classified as an asset or a liability is remeasured at subsequent reporting dates in accordance with IAS 39, or IAS 37 Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets, as appropriate, with the corresponding gain or loss being recognised in profit or loss.

Page 42

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

4.Accounting policies (continued)


4.3
Business combinations (continued)

When a business combination is achieved in stages, the Group's previously held equity interest in the acquiree is remeasured to its acquisition-date fair value and the resulting gain or loss, if any, is recognised in profit or loss. Amounts arising from interests in the acquiree prior to the acquisition date that have previously been recognised in other comprehensive income are reclassified to profit or loss where such treatment would be appropriate if that interest were disposed of.

If the initial accounting for a business combination is incomplete by the end of the reporting period in which the combination occurs, the Group reports provisional amounts for the items for which the accounting is incomplete. Those provisional amounts are adjusted during the measurement period (see above), or additional assets or liabilities are recognised, to reflect new information obtained about facts and circumstances that existed at the acquisition date that, if known, would have affected the amounts recognised at that date.

 
4.4

Foreign currency

In preparing the financial statements of each individual group entity, transactions in currencies other than the entity's functional currency (foreign currencies) are recognised at the rates of exchange prevailing at the dates of the transactions. At the end of each reporting period, monetary items denominated in foreign currencies are retranslated at the rates prevailing at that date. Non-monetary items carried at fair value that are denominated in foreign currencies are retranslated at the rates prevailing at the date when the fair value was determined. Non-monetary items that are measured in terms of historical cost in a foreign currency are not retranslated.

Exchange differences on monetary items are recognised in profit or loss in the period in which they arise except for:
exchange differences on foreign currency borrowings relating to assets under construction for future productive use, which are included in the cost of those assets when they are regarded as an adjustment to interest costs on those foreign currency borrowings;
exchange differences on transactions entered into in order to hedge certain foreign currency risks; and
exchange differences on monetary items receivable from or payable to foreign operation for which settlement is neither planned nor likely to occur (therefore forming part of the net investment in the foreign operation), which are recognised initially in other comprehensive income and reclassified from equity to profit or loss on repayment of the monetary items.

For the purposes of presenting these consolidated financial statements, the assets and liabilities of the Group's foreign operations are translated into Euros using exchange rates prevailing at the end of each reporting period. Income and expense items are translated at the average exchange rates for the period, unless exchange rates fluctuate significantly during that period, in which case the exchange rates at the dates of the transactions are used. Exchange differences arising, if any, are recognised in other comprehensive income and accumulated in equity (and attributed to non-controlling interests as appropriate).

On the disposal of a foreign operation (i.e. a disposal of the Group's entire interest in a foreign operation, a disposal involving loss of control over a subsidiary that includes a foreign operation, or a partial disposal of an interest in a joint arrangement or an associate that includes a foreign operation of which the retained interest becomes a financial asset), all of the exchange differences accumulated in equity in respect of that operation attributable to the owners of the Company are reclassified to profit or loss.

Page 43

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

4.Accounting policies (continued)


4.4
Foreign currency (continued)

In addition, in relation to a partial disposal of a subsidiary that includes a foreign operation that does not result in the Group losing control over the subsidiary, the proportionate share of accumulated exchange differences are re-attributed to non-controlling interests and are not recognised in profit or loss. For all other partial disposals (i.e. partial disposals of associates or joint arrangements that do not result in the Group losing significant influence or joint control), the proportionate share of the accumulated exchange differences is reclassified to profit or loss.

Goodwill and fair value adjustments to identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed through acquisition of a foreign operation are treated as assets and liabilities of the foreign operation and translated at the rate of exchange prevailing at the end of each reporting period. Exchange differences arising are recognised in other comprehensive income.


4.5

Finance income and costs

The Group’s finance income and finance costs include:
 
interest income;
interest expense;
the net gain or loss on financial assets at fair value through profit or loss;
the foreign currency gain or loss on financial assets and financial liabilities;
 
Interest income and interest payable is recognised in profit or loss as it accrues, using the effective interest method. Foreign currency gains and losses are reported on a net basis.

 
4.6

Revenue from contracts with customers

Revenue is measured based on the consideration specified in a contract with a customer and excludes amounts collected on behalf of third parties. The Group recognises revenue when it transfers control over a product or service to a customer.

The Group does not expect to have any contracts where the period between the transfer of the promised goods or services to the customer and payment by the customer exceeds one year. As a consequence, the Group does not adjust any of the transaction prices for the time value of money.

Page 44

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

4.Accounting policies (continued)


4.6
Revenue from contracts with customers (continued)


(i) Printed materials

Contracts are entered into with customers for the provision of printed goods. The contract stipulates rates applicable to each product and invoices are raised in accordance with a matrix or pricing structure stipulated within the contract. Contracts can be agreed for specific jobs or may be for longer periods spanning the year end. Where a contract does not cover a specific job, orders are raised under the contract for specific products. These are produced on separate print runs making them easily identifiable. In certain circumstances, contracts may allow for a rebate if volume or revenue targets are met within a set period. Rebates are accrued against revenue based on achievement against targets within the financial year. Revenue from printed materials includes sales of waste paper.
Revenue is measured based on the consideration to which the Group expects to be entitled in a contract with a customer and excludes amounts collected on behalf of third parties. 
Revenue is recognised when control of the products has transferred, that is either when the products have been delivered to the customer or the customer collects the goods as defined within the contract, the customer has full discretion over the channel and price to sell the products, and there is no unfulfilled performance obligations as defined by IFRS 15 that could affect the customer’s acceptance of the products. Delivery occurs when the products have been shipped to the specific location or loaded for delivery in the case of an ex-works contract, the risks of obsolescence and loss have been transferred to the customer and either the customer has accepted the products in accordance with sales contract, the acceptance provisions have been lapsed, or the Group has objective evidence that all criteria for acceptance have been satisfied.
A receivable is recognised at the point the control of the products has transferred, since this is the point in time that the consideration is unconditional because only the passage of time is required before payment is due. 

A receivable is recognised when the goods are delivered as this is the point in time that the consideration is unconditional because only the passage of time is required before the payment is due.

Page 45

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

4.Accounting policies (continued)


4.6
Revenue from contracts with customers (continued)


(ii) Rendering of services

Contracts are entered into with customers for the provision of reprographic services.
Revenue is measured based on the consideration to which the Group expects to be entitled in a contract with a customer and excludes amounts collected on behalf of third parties. Revenue is recognised over time as the contracts progress and the services are performed.

For fixed-price contracts, revenue is recognised based on the actual service provided to the end of the reporting period as a proportion of the total services to be provided because the customer receives and uses the benefits simultaneously.

Where contracts include multiple performance obligations, the transaction price will be allocated to each performance obligation based on the stand-alone selling prices. Where these are not directly observable, they are estimated based on expected cost plus margin. For service contracts including a goods element, revenue for the separate good is recognised at a point in time when the good is delivered, the legal title has passed and the customer has accepted the good.

Estimates of revenues, costs or extent of progress toward completion are revised if circumstances change. Any resulting increases or decreases in estimated revenues or costs are reflected in profit or loss in the period in which the circumstances that give rise to the revision become known by management. In case of fixed-price contracts, the customer pays the fixed amount based on a payment schedule. If the services rendered by the Group exceed the payment, a contract asset is recognised. If the payments exceed the services rendered, a contract liability is recognised. 


4.7

Other operating income

Other operating income predominantly relates to the sale from generation of electricity sold to the national grid. Income is recognised at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable and represents amounts receivable for goods provided in the normal course of business, net of discounts, VAT and other sales-related taxes. Electricity income is recognised over time as energy is supplied to the grid. 

Page 46

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

4.Accounting policies (continued)

 
4.8

Government grants

Government grants are not recognised until there is reasonable assurance that the Group will comply with the conditions attaching to them and that the grants will be received.

Government grants are recognised in profit or loss on a systematic basis over the periods in which the Group recognises as expenses the related costs for which the grants are intended to compensate. Specifically, government grants whose primary condition is that the Group should purchase, construct or otherwise acquire non-current assets are recognised as deferred revenue in the consolidated statement of financial position and transferred to profit or loss on a systematic and rational basis over the useful lives of the related assets.

Government grants that are receivable as compensation for expenses or losses already incurred or for the purpose of giving immediate financial support to the Group with no future related costs are recognised in profit or loss in the period in which they become receivable.

The benefit of a government loan at a below-market rate of interest is treated as a government grant, measured as the difference between proceeds received and the fair value of the loan based on prevailing market interest rates.


4.9

Restructuring and other costs

The Group presents restructuring and other costs (note 9) to provide additional useful information on the operational performance of the Group.

Page 47

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

4.Accounting policies (continued)

  
4.10

Employee benefits


(i) Retirement benefit costs and termination benefits

Payments to defined contribution retirement benefit plans are recognised as an expense when employees have rendered service entitling them to the contributions.

For defined benefit retirement benefit plans, the cost of providing benefits is determined using the projected unit credit method, with actuarial valuations being carried out at the end of each annual reporting period. Remeasurement, comprising actuarial gains and losses, the effect of the changes to the asset ceiling (if applicable) and the return on plan assets (excluding interest), is reflected immediately in the statement of financial position with a charge or credit recognised in other comprehensive income in the period in which they occur. Remeasurement recognised in other comprehensive income is reflected immediately in retained earnings and will not be reclassified to profit or loss. Past service cost is recognised in profit or loss in the period of a plan amendment. Net interest is calculated by applying the discount rate at the beginning of the period to the net defined benefit liability or asset. Defined benefit costs are categorised as follows:
service cost (including current service cost, past service cost, as well as gains and losses on curtailments and settlements);
net interest expense or income; and
remeasurement.

The Group presents the first two components of defined benefit costs in profit or loss in the line item 'Cost of sales' or 'Administrative expenses' . Curtailment gains and losses are accounted for as past service costs.

The retirement benefit obligation recognised in the consolidated statement of financial position represents the actual deficit or surplus in the Group’s defined benefit plans. Any surplus resulting from this calculation is limited to the present value of any economic benefits available in the form of refunds from the plans or reductions in future contributions to the plans.

A liability for a termination benefit is recognised at the earlier of when the entity can no longer withdraw the offer of the termination benefit and when the entity recognises any related restructuring costs.
The Group recognises termination benefits at the earlier of the following dates: (a) when the Group can no longer withdraw the offer of those benefits; and (b) when the entity recognises costs for a restructuring that is within the scope of IAS 37 and involves the payment of terminations benefits. In the case of an offer made to encourage voluntary redundancy, the termination benefits are measured based on the number of employees expected to accept the offer. Benefits falling due more than 12 months after the end of the reporting period are discounted to present value.

Page 48

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

4.Accounting policies (continued)


4.10
Employee benefits (continued)


(ii) Short-term and other long-term employee benefits

A liability is recognised for benefits accruing to employees in respect of wages and salaries, annual leave and sick leave in the period the related service is rendered at the undiscounted amount of the benefits expected to be paid in exchange for that service.

Liabilities recognised in respect of short-term employee benefits are measured at the undiscounted amount of the benefits expected to be paid in exchange for the related service.

Liabilities recognised in respect of other long-term employee benefits are measured at the present value of the estimated future cash outflows expected to be made by the Group in respect of services provided by employees up to the reporting date.
Bonus plans
The Group recognises a liability and an expense for bonuses based on metrics that take into account key performance indicators, including profits after certain adjustments.
The Group recognises a provision where contractually obliged or where there is a past practice that has created a constructive obligation.


4.11

Share-based transactions

The Group has share-based transactions in respect of certain shares issued to employees of the Group by the ultimate parent company of the Group (Walstead Holdings Limited).  
Equity-settled share-based payments to employees are measured at the fair value of the equity instruments at the grant date. The fair value is calculated using the Black-Scholes option pricing model and further details regarding the determination of the fair value of the transactions are set out in note 27.
The fair value determined at the grant date of the equity-settled share-based payments is expensed over the vesting period, with a corresponding increase in equity.

 
4.12

Taxation

Income tax expense represents the sum of the tax currently payable and deferred tax.


(i) Current tax

The tax currently payable is based on taxable profit for the year. Taxable profit differs from ‘profit before tax’ as reported in the Consolidated Profit and Loss Account because of items of income or expense that are taxable or deductible in other years and items that are never taxable or deductible. The Group's current tax is calculated using tax rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period.

Page 49

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

4.Accounting policies (continued)


4.12
Taxation (continued)


(ii) Deferred tax

Deferred tax is recognised on temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities in the consolidated financial statements and the corresponding tax bases used in the computation of taxable profit. Deferred tax liabilities are generally recognised for all taxable temporary differences. Deferred tax assets are generally recognised for all deductible temporary differences to the extent that it is probable that taxable profits will be available against which those deductible temporary differences can be utilised. Such deferred tax assets and liabilities are not recognised if the temporary difference arises from the initial recognition (other than in a business combination) of assets and liabilities in a transaction that affects neither the taxable profit nor the accounting profit. In addition, deferred tax liabilities are not recognised if the temporary difference arises from the initial recognition of goodwill.

Deferred tax liabilities are recognised for taxable temporary differences associated with investments in subsidiaries and associates, and interests in joint ventures, except where the Group is able to control the reversal of the temporary difference and it is probable that the temporary difference will not reverse in the foreseeable future. Deferred tax assets arising from deductible temporary differences associated with such investments and interests are only recognised to the extent that it is probable that there will be sufficient taxable profits against which to utilise the benefits of the temporary differences and they are expected to reverse in the foreseeable future.

The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at the end of each reporting period and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profits will be available to allow all or part of the asset to be recovered.

Deferred tax liabilities and assets are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the period in which the liability is settled or the asset realised, based on tax rates (and tax laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period.

The measurement of deferred tax liabilities and assets reflects the tax consequences that would follow from the manner in which the Group expects, at the end of the reporting period, to recover or settle the carrying amount of its assets and liabilities.


(iii) Current and deferred tax for the year

Current and deferred tax are recognised in profit or loss, except when they relate to items that are recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, in which case, the current and deferred tax are also recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity respectively. Where current tax or deferred tax arises from the initial accounting for a business combination, the tax effect is included in the accounting for the business combination.

Page 50

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

4.Accounting policies (continued)

 
4.13

Property, plant and equipment

Items of property, plant and equipment are measured at cost less accumulated depreciation and any accumulated impairment losses.

If significant parts of an item of property, plant and equipment have different useful lives, then they are accounted for as separate items (major components) of property, plant and equipment. Any gain or loss on disposal of an item of property, plant and equipment is recognised in profit or loss. Subsequent expenditure is capitalised only if it is probable that the future economic benefits associated with the expenditure will flow to the Group.

Land is not depreciated. Depreciation is provided on all other items of property, plant and equipment so as to write off their carrying value over their expected useful economic lives. It is provided at the following rates:

Buildings
4% per annum
Plant and machinery
4% - 50% per annum
Fixtures and fittings
30% per annum

The assets’ residual values and useful lives are reviewed, and adjusted if appropriate, at the end of each reporting period.
An asset’s carrying amount is written down immediately to its recoverable amount if the asset’s carrying amount is greater than its estimated recoverable amount.
An item of property, plant and equipment is derecognised upon disposal or when no future economic benefits are expected to arise from the continued use of the asset. Gains and losses on disposals are determined by comparing proceeds with carrying amount. These are included in profit or loss.


4.14

Goodwill

Goodwill arising on an acquisition of a business is carried at cost as established at the date of acquisition of the business (see note 4.3) less accumulated impairment losses, if any.
For the purposes of impairment testing, goodwill is allocated to each of the Group's cash-generating units (or groups of cash-generating units) that is expected to benefit from the synergies of the combination.
On disposal of the relevant cash-generating unit, the attributable amount of goodwill is included in the determination of the profit or loss on disposal.
Negative goodwill arising on acquisition is fully recognised within restructuring and other costs in the year of acquisition.

Page 51

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

4.Accounting policies (continued)

 
4.15

Intangible assets


Intangible assets acquired in a business combination

Intangible assets with finite useful lives that are acquired separately are carried at cost less accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses. Amortisation is recognised on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives. The estimated useful life and amortisation method are reviewed at the end of each reporting period, with the effect of any changes in estimate being accounted for on a prospective basis. Intangible assets with indefinite useful lives that are acquired separately are carried at cost less accumulated impairment losses.

Goodwill
Indefinite
Customer contracts
20% - 100% per annum
Software
33% per annum

Capitalised development expenditure isn't amortised until development is complete.

  
4.16

Impairment of non-financial assets

Impairment tests on goodwill and other intangible assets with indefinite useful economic lives are undertaken annually at the financial year end. Other non-financial assets are subject to impairment tests whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying amount may not be recoverable. These impairment tests are based on the going concern forecasts; extended to the required 4 year period and adjusted to only reflect conditions that existed at at the 31 December 2024. Where the carrying value of an asset exceeds its recoverable amount (i.e. the higher of value in use and fair value less costs to sell), the asset is written down accordingly.

Where it is not possible to estimate the recoverable amount of an individual asset, the impairment test is carried out on the smallest group of assets to which it belongs for which there are separately identifiable cash flows; its cash generating units ('CGUs'). Goodwill is allocated on initial recognition to each of the Group's CGUs that are expected to benefit from a business combination that gives rise to the goodwill.

Impairment charges are included in profit or loss, except to the extent they reverse gains previously recognised in other comprehensive income. An impairment loss recognised for goodwill is not reversed.


4.17

Non-current assets held for sale

Non-current assets and disposal groups are classified as held for sale if their carrying amount will be recovered principally through a sale transaction rather than through continuing use. This condition is regarded as met only when the asset (or disposal group) is available for immediate sale in its present condition subject only to terms that are usual and customary for sales of such asset (or disposal group) and its sale is highly probable. Management must be committed to the sale, which should be expected to qualify for recognition as a completed sale within one year from the date of classification.
Non-current assets (and disposal groups) classified as held for sale are measured at the lower of their carrying amount and fair value less costs to sell.

Page 52

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

4.Accounting policies (continued)

  
4.18

Leasing

A contract is, or contains, a lease if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration.


The Group as a lessee

The Group assesses whether a contract is or contains a lease, at inception of a contract. The Group recognises a right-of-use asset and a corresponding lease liability with respect to all lease agreements in which it is the lessee, except for short-term leases (defined as leases with a lease term of 12 months or less) and leases of low-value assets. For these leases, the Group recognises the lease payments as an operating expense on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease unless another systematic basis is more representative of the time pattern in which economic benefits from the leased asset are consumed.

The lease liability is initially measured at the present value of the lease payments that are not paid at the commencement date, discounted by using the rate implicit in the lease. If this rate cannot be readily determined, the Group uses its incremental borrowing rate.

Lease payments included in the measurement of the lease liability comprise:

fixed lease payments (including in-substance fixed payments), less any lease incentives;

the amount expected to be payable by the lessee under residual value guarantees;

the exercise price of purchase options, if the lessee is reasonably certain to exercise the options; and

payments of penalties for terminating the lease, if the lease term reflects the exercise of an option to terminate the lease.

The lease liability is included in the 'Loans and borrowings' line in the Consolidated Balance Sheet.

The lease liability is subsequently measured by increasing the carrying amount to reflect interest on the lease liability (using the effective interest method) and by reducing the carrying amount to reflect the lease payments made.

The Group remeasures the lease liability (and makes a corresponding adjustment to the related right-of-use asset) whenever:

the lease term has changed or there is a change in the assessment of exercise of a purchase option, in which case the lease liability is remeasured by discounting the revised discount rate.

the lease payments change due to changes in an index or rate or a change in expected payment under a guaranteed residual value, in which cases the lease liability is remeasured by discounting the revised lease payments using the initial discount rate (unless the lease payments change is due to a change in a floating interest rate, in which case a revised discount rate is used).


Lease payments are allocated between principal and finance cost. The finance cost is charged to profit or loss over the lease period so as to produce a constant periodic rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability for each period.

Page 53

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

4.Accounting policies (continued)


4.18
Leasing (continued)


 The Group as a lessee (continued)

The right-of-use assets comprise the initial measurement of the corresponding lease liability, lease payments made at or before the commencement day and any initial direct costs. They are subsequently measured at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses.

Right-of-use assets are depreciated over the shorter period of lease term and useful life of the underlying asset. If a lease transfers ownership of the underlying asset or the cost of the right-of-use asset reflects that the Group expects to exercise a purchase option, the related right-of-use asset is depreciated over the useful life of the underlying asset. The depreciation starts at the commencement date of the lease.

The right-of-use assets are included in the 'Property, Plant and Equipment' line in the Consolidated Balance Sheet.

The Group applies IAS 36 to determine whether a right-of-use asset is impaired and accounts for any identified impairment loss as described in note 4.13.

As a practical expedient, IFRS 16 permits a lessee not to separate non-lease components, and instead account for any lease and associated non-lease components as a single arrangement. The Group has used this practical expedient.

 
4.19

Inventories

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost and net realisable value. Costs of inventories are determined on a first in, first out basis. Net realisable value represents the estimated selling price for inventories less all estimated costs of completion and costs necessary to make the sale.
Cost of work in progress includes an appropriate proportion of overhead expenditure based on normal operating capacity. Impairment losses are recognised where inventories become obsolete or damaged with items written down to net realisable value. Previously recognised impairment losses are reversed if the reasons for the impairment no longer apply. 

Page 54

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

4.Accounting policies (continued)


4.20

Trade receivables

Classification as trade receivables
Trade receivables are amounts due from customers for goods sold and services provided in the ordinary course of business. They are generally due for settlement within 30 days and are therefore all classified as current. Trade receivables are recognised initially at the amount of consideration that is unconditional. The Group holds the trade receivables with the objective of collecting contractual cash flows, and so it measures them subsequently at amortised cost using the effective interest method.
Transferred receivables
The carrying amount of the trade receivables include receivables which are subject to a factoring arrangement. Under this arrangement, the Group has transferred the relevant receivables to the factor in exchange for cash and is prevented from selling or pledging the receivables. However, in some cases the Group has retained late payment and credit risk. The Group therefore continues to recognise these transferred assets to the extent the risk has not been transferred in the Consolidated Balance Sheet. Amount repayable under the factoring agreement is presented as secured borrowing. The Group considers that the ‘held to collect’ business model remains appropriate for these receivables, and hence it continues measuring them at amortised cost. 

 
4.21

Financial assets

All regular way purchases or sales of financial assets are recognised and derecognised on a trade date basis. Regular way purchases or sales are purchases or sales of financial assets that require delivery of assets within the time frame established by regulation or convention in the marketplace.

All recognised financial assets are subsequently measured in their entirety at either amortised cost or fair value, depending on the classification of the financial assets.

Page 55

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

4.Accounting policies (continued)


4.21
Financial assets (continued)


Classification of financial assets

Debt instruments that meet the following conditions are subsequently measured at amortised cost:

the financial asset is held within a business model whose objective is to hold financial assets in order to collect contractual cash flows; and

the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.

Debt instruments that meet the following conditions are subsequently measured at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVOCI):

the financial asset is held within a business model whose objective is achieved by both collecting contractual cash flows and selling the financial assets; and

the contractual terms of the financial asset give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding.

By default, all other financial assets are subsequently measured at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL).

Despite the aforegoing, the Group may make the following irrevocable election/designation at initial recognition of a financial asset:

the Group may irrevocably elect to present subsequent changes in fair value of an equity instrument in other comprehensive income if certain criteria are met; and

the Group may irrevocably designate a debt investment that meets the amortised cost or FVOCI criteria as measured at FVTPL if doing so eliminates or significantly reduces an accounting mismatch.

Page 56

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

4.Accounting policies (continued)


4.21
Financial assets (continued)


Amortised cost and effective interest method

The effective interest method is a method for calculating the amortised cost of a debt instrument and of allocating interest income over the relevant period.

For financial instruments other than purchased or originated credit-impaired financial assets, the effective interest rate is the rate that exactly discounts estimated future cash receipts (including all fees and points paid or received that form an integral part of the effective interest rate, transaction costs and other premiums or discounts) excluding expected credit losses, through the expected life of the debt instrument, or, where appropriate, a shorter period, to the gross carrying amount of the debt instrument on initial recognition. For purchased and originated credit-impaired financial assets, a credit-adjusted effective interest rate is calculated by discounting the estimated future cash flows, including expected credit losses, to the amortised cost of the debt instrument on initial recognition.

The amortised cost of a financial asset is the amount at which the financial asset is measured at initial recognition minus the principal repayments, plus the cumulative amortisation using the effective interest method of any difference between that initial amount and the maturity amount, adjusted for any loss allowance. On the other hand, the gross carrying amount of a financial asset is the amortised costs of a financial asset before adjusting for any loss allowance.

Interest income is recognised using the effective interest method for debt instruments measured subsequently at amortised cost and at FVOCI. For financial instruments other than purchased or originated credit-impaired financial assets, interest income is calculated by applying the effective interest rate to the gross carrying amount of a financial asset, except for financial assets that have subsequently become credit-impaired. For financial assets that have subsequently become credit-impaired, interest income is recognised by applying the effective interest rate to the amortised cost of the financial asset. If, in subsequent reporting periods, the credit risk on the credit-impaired financial instrument improves so that the financial asset is no longer credit-impaired, interest income is recognised by the applying the effective interest rate to the gross carrying amount of the financial asset.

For purchased and originated credit-impaired financial assets, the Group recognises interest income by applying the credit-adjusted effective interest rate to the amortised cost of the financial asset from initial recognition. The calculation does not revert to the gross basis even if the credit risk of the financial asset subsequently improves so that the financial asset is no longer credit-impaired.

Interest income is recognised in profit or loss and is included in the 'finance income' line item.

Page 57

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

4.Accounting policies (continued)


4.21
Financial assets (continued)


Impairment of financial assets

The Group recognises a loss allowance for expected credit losses on investments in debt instruments that are measured at amortised costs or at FVOCI, lease receivables, amounts due from customers under contracts, as well as on loan commitments and financial guarantee contracts. No impairment loss is recognised for investments in equity instruments. The amount of expected credit losses ("ECL") is updated at each reporting date to reflect changes in credit risk since initial recognition of the respective financial instrument.

The Group always recognises lifetime ECL for trade receivables, amounts due from customers under contracts and lease receivables. The expected credit losses on these financial assets are estimated using a provision matrix based on the Group's historical credit loss experience, adjusted for factors that are specific to the debtors, general economic conditions and an assessment of both the current as well as the forecast direction of conditions at the reporting date, including time value of money where appropriate.

For all other financial instruments, the Group recognises lifetime ECL when there has been a significant increase in credit risk since initial recognition. If, on the other hand, the credit risk on the financial instrument has not increased significantly since initial recognition, the Group measures the loss allowance for that financial instrument at an amount equal to 12 months ECL. The assessment of whether lifetime ECL should be recognised is based on significant increases in the likelihood or risk of a default occurring since initial recognition instead of on evidence of a financial asset being credit-impaired at the reporting date or an actual default occurring.

Lifetime ECL represents the expected credit losses that will result from all possible default events over the expected life of a financial instrument. In contrast, 12 months ECL represents the portion of lifetime ECL that is expected to result from default events on a financial instrument that are possible within 12 months after the reporting date.

 
4.22

Financial liabilities and equity instruments


(i) Classification as debt or equity

Debt and equity instruments issued by a group entity are classified as either financial liabilities or as equity in accordance with the substance of the contractual arrangements and the definitions of a financial liability and an equity instrument.


(ii) Equity instruments

An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of an entity after deducting all of its liabilities. Equity instruments issued by a group entity are recognised at the proceeds received, net of direct issue costs.

Repurchase of the Company's own equity instruments is recognised and deducted directly in equity. No gain or loss is recognised in profit or loss on the purchase, sale, issue or cancellation of the Company's own equity instruments.

Page 58

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

4.Accounting policies (continued)


4.22
Financial liabilities and equity instruments (continued)


(iii) Financial liabilities

All financial liabilities are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method or at FVTPL.

However, financial liabilities that arise when a transfer of a financial asset does not qualify for derecognition or when the continuing involvement approach applies, financial guarantee contracts issued by the Group, and commitments issued by the Group to provide a loan at below-market interest rate are measured in accordance with the specific accounting policies set out below.

Foreign exchange gains and losses

For financial liabilities that are denominated in a foreign currency and are measured at amortised cost at the end of each reporting period, the foreign exchange gains and losses are determined based on the amortised cost of the instruments. These foreign exchange gains and losses are recognised in the 'finance income' or 'finance expense' line item, for gains and losses respectively, in profit or loss for financial liabilities that are not part of a designated hedging relationship.

The fair value of financial liabilities denominated in a foreign currency is determined in that foreign currency and translated at the spot rate at the end of the reporting period.

For financial liabilities that are measured as at FVTPL, the foreign exchange component forms part of the fair value gains or losses and is recognised in profit or loss for financial liabilities that are not part of a designated hedging relationship.

Derecognition of financial liabilities

The Group derecognises financial liabilities when, and only when, the Group's obligations are discharged, cancelled or have expired. The difference between the carrying amount of the financial liability derecognised and the consideration paid and payable, including any non-cash assets transferred or liabilities assumed, is recognised in profit or loss.


4.23

Derivatives and hedging activities

Derivative financial instruments are recognised at fair value. The gain or loss on remeasurement to fair value is recognised immediately in profit or loss. However, where derivatives qualify for hedge accounting, recognition of any resultant gain or loss depends on the nature of the item being hedged.
There are no open derivative positions in the current or preceding financial year so the Group has not applied hedge accounting under IFRS 9.


4.24

Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash on hand and demand deposits, together with other short-term, highly liquid investments maturing within 90 days from the date of acquisition that are readily convertible into known amounts of cash and which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.
Bank overdrafts are shown within borrowings in current liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheet. 

Page 59

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

4.Accounting policies (continued)


4.25

Borrowings

Borrowings are initially recognised at fair value, net of transaction costs incurred. Borrowings are subsequently measured at amortised cost. Any difference between the proceeds (net of transaction costs) and the redemption amount is recognised in profit or loss over the period of the borrowings using the effective interest method. Fees paid on the establishment of loan facilities are recognised as transaction costs of the loan to the extent that it is probable that some or all of the facility will be drawn down. In this case, the fee is deferred until the draw-down occurs. To the extent that there is no evidence that it is probable that some or all of the facility will be drawn down, the fee is capitalised as a prepayment for liquidity services and amortised over the period of the facility to which it relates.
Borrowings are removed from the Consolidated Balance Sheet when the obligation specified in the contract is discharged, cancelled or expired. The difference between the carrying amount of a financial liability that has been extinguished or transferred to another party and the consideration paid, including any non-cash assets transferred or liabilities assumed, is recognised in profit or loss as other income or finance costs.
Where the terms of a financial liability are renegotiated and the entity issues equity instruments to a creditor to extinguish all or part of the liability (debt for equity swap), a gain or loss is recognised in profit or loss, which is measured as the difference between the carrying amount of the financial liability and the fair value of the equity instruments issued.
Borrowings are classified as current liabilities unless the Group has an unconditional right to defer settlement of the liability for at least 12 months after the reporting period.
Borrowing costs
Borrowing costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of an asset that takes a substantial time to be prepared for use, are capitalised as part of the cost of that asset. All other borrowing costs are recognised in profit or loss in the period in which they are incurred.

Page 60

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

4.Accounting policies (continued)

 
4.26

Provisions

Provisions are recognised when the Group has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, it is probable that the Group will be required to settle the obligation, and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation.

The amount recognised as a provision is the best estimate of the consideration required to settle the present obligation at the end of the reporting period, taking into account the risks and uncertainties surrounding the obligation. When a provision is measured using the cash flows estimated to settle the present obligation, its carrying amount is the present value of those cash flows (when the effect of the time value of money is material).

When some or all of the economic benefits required to settle a provision are expected to be recovered from a third party, a receivable is recognised as an asset if it is virtually certain that reimbursement will be received and the amount of the receivable can be measured reliably.
Restructuring provision
A restructuring provision is recognised when the Group has developed a detailed formal plan for the restructuring and has raised a valid expectation in those affected that it will carry out the restructuring by starting to implement the plan or announcing its main features to those affected by it. The measurement of a restructuring provision includes only the direct expenditures arising from the restructuring, which are those amounts that are both necessarily entailed by the restructuring and not associated with the ongoing activities of the entity.
Loss making contract provision
Present obligations arising under loss making contracts are recognised and measured as provisions. Loss making contract is considered to exist where the Group has a contract under which the unavoidable costs of meeting the obligations under the contract exceed the economic benefits expected to be received under it. 
Employee and loyalty bonus provision
Both of these provisions relate to a legal requirement for Austrian and Slovenian employees to accrue specific costs; the provisions are calculated by an actuary.


5.


Accounting estimates and judgements

The Group and Company makes estimates and assumptions concerning the future. The resulting accounting estimates will, by definition, seldom equal the related actual results. The estimates and assumptions that carry a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities are as follows:

Impairment of intangible assets (Note 15)

Page 61

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

6.


Revenue


The following is an analysis of the Group's revenue for the year from continuing operations:


2024
2023
€'000
€'000


Sale of goods
529,747
570,703

Sale of services
10,956
11,294

540,703
581,997


Analysis of revenue by country of destination:

2024
2023
€'000
€'000


United Kingdom
140,653
148,233

Continental Europe
397,222
430,584

Rest of the World
2,828
3,180

540,703
581,997

Timing of revenue recognition:

2024
2023
€'000
€'000

Goods and services transferred at a point in time
540,703
581,997

540,703
581,997

Included in revenues arising from commercial printing are revenues of approximately €23.1 million (2023: €33.8 million) which arose from sales to the Group’s largest customer. No single customer contributed 10% or more to the Group's revenue during the year ended 31 December 2024 or during the year ended 31 December 2023

Page 62

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

7.


Other operating income

2024
2023
€'000
€'000


Electricity income
774
9,233

Waste sales - non-paper
2,001
1,889

Government grants receivable
297
1,166

Other
2,704
2,976

5,776
15,264


8.
Operating loss

The operating loss is stated after charging/(crediting):


2024
2023

€'000
€'000


Net foreign exchange gains
(157)
(674)

Depreciation of property, plant and equipment
28,256
28,099

Amortisation of intangible assets
928
926

Impairment of property, plant and equipment
7,266
1,209

Loss/(profit) on disposal of property, plant and equipment
(5,807)
1,262

Impairment/(reversal) of bad debts on trade receivables
27
(119)


9.
Restructuring and other costs

In the analysis of the Group’s operating results, information is presented to provide readers with additional performance indicators that are prepared on a non-statutory basis. This presentation is regularly reviewed by management to identify items that are considered to be one-off or do not reflect an operational cost of the business and should be adjusted in order to reflect an understanding of the Group’s performance and long-term trends.


2024
2023

€'000
€'000


Restructuring costs (including redundancies and acquisition costs)
5,090
6,397

Negative goodwill recognised on acquisition
-
(2,372)


5,090
4,025

Page 63

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

10.


Auditor's remuneration

During the year, the Group obtained the following services from the Company's auditor and its associates:


2024
2023
€'000
€'000

Fees payable to the Company's auditor and its associates for the audit of the consolidated and parent Company's financial statements
96
120

Fees payable to the Company's auditor and its associates in respect of:

Audit of the financial statements of the Company’s subsidiaries
934
822

Taxation compliance services
-
19


11.


Employee benefit expenses

Group


2024
2023
€'000
€'000

Employee benefit expenses (including Directors) comprise:

Wages and salaries
110,343
104,318

Social security costs
21,704
21,069

Pension cost
1,343
1,307

133,390
126,694


The monthly average number of persons, including the Directors, employed by the Group during the year was as follows:


2024
2023
No.
No.

Production
2,571
2,670

Sales
79
78

Administrative
444
464

3,094
3,212

Page 64

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

12.


Finance costs

Recognised in profit or loss


2024
2023
€'000
€'000

Interest on loans
4,069
3,987

Interest on lease liabilities
4,343
3,464

Interest on loans from related parties
958
1,143

Net interest expense on defined benefit obligation
219
245

Net exchange losses on foreign currency borrowings
(1,100)
376

Total finance expense
8,489
9,215







13.


Tax expense

13.1 Income tax recognised in profit or loss



2024
2023
€'000
€'000

Current tax

Current tax on profits for the year
446
777

Adjustments in respect of prior years
1,636
(189)

Total current tax
2,082
588


Deferred tax expense

Origination and reversal of timing differences
(2,240)
1,012

Adjustments in respect of prior years
2,779
558

Total deferred tax
539
1,570


2,621
2,158

Page 65

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

13.Tax expense (continued)


13.1 Income tax recognised in profit or loss (continued)

The reasons for the difference between the actual tax charge for the year and the standard rate of corporation tax in the United Kingdom applied to losses for the year are as follows:


2024
2023
€'000
€'000


Loss for the year
(18,800)
(12,129)

Income tax expense
2,621
2,158

Loss before income taxes
(16,179)
(9,971)


Tax using the Company's domestic tax rate of 25% (2023: 23.5%)
(4,045)
(2,343)

Expenses not deductible for tax purposes
4,082
(485)

Capital allowances for the year in excess of depreciation
(989)
1,917

Changes relating to tax losses
-
242

Different rate taxes on overseas earnings
(3,384)
(699)

Adjustments to tax charge in respect of prior periods
4,415
369

Post year end expenses allowable in determining taxable profit
(28)
(28)

Movement in unrecognised deferred tax
2,558
1,829

Non-taxable income
(848)
(3,598)

Changes in provisions leading to an increase in the tax charge
826
352

Change of rate for tax
9
204

Movement in Special Economic Zone asset
-
1,645

Tax group capitalisation
-
979

Other
25
1,774

Total tax expense
2,621
2,158

Changes in tax rates and factors affecting the future tax charges

There are no currently known factors that will affect future tax charges.

Page 66

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

13.Tax expense (continued)

13.2 Deferred tax balances

The following is the analysis of deferred tax assets/(liabilities) presented in the Consolidated Balance Sheet:


2024
2023
€'000
€'000


Deferred tax assets
22,501
19,814

Deferred tax liabilities
(6,757)
(3,921)

15,744
15,893

Page 67
 


 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED


 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

13.Tax expense (continued)


13.2 Deferred tax balances (continued)






Opening balance
Recognised in P&L
Recognised in OCI
Reclassifi-cations
Closing balance
        €'000
        €'000
        €'000
        €'000
        €'000
2024
Deferred tax (liabilities)/assets in relation to:






Accelerated tax depreciation

2,295

2,263

102

220

4,880

Intangible assets

(464)

487

(11)

37

49

Other items

7,961

(1,397)

84

(1,580)

5,068

Tax losses carried forward

6,101

(1,892)

215

1,323

5,747



15,893


(539)


390


-


15,744


Other timing differences relates to SEZ assets, provisions and other smaller miscellaneous items.

Page 68

 


 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED


 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

13.Tax expense (continued)


13.2 Deferred tax balances (continued)








Opening balance
Recognised in P&L
Recognised in OCI
Transfers
Subsidiary movements
Reclassifi-cations
Closing balance
        €'000
        €'000
        €'000
        €'000
        €'000
        €'000
        €'000
2023
Deferred tax (liabilities)/assets in relation to:








Accelerated tax depreciation

705

1,543

328

-

(718)

437

2,295

Intangible assets

(542)

90

(12)

-

-

-

(464)

Other items

9,649

(1,907)

403

(185)

-

1

7,961

Tax losses carried forward

7,694

(1,296)

141

-

-

(438)

6,101



17,506


(1,570)


860


(185)


(718)


-


15,893


Page 69
 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

13.Tax expense (continued)


13.3 Unprovided deferred tax assets

2024
2023
€'000
€'000

Gross unrecognised deferred tax assets

Tax losses carried forward and other deductions
26,476
35,049

Other short-term timing differences
65,650
84,324

92,126
119,373

Other short-term timing differences relates to provisions and other smaller miscellaneous items.


14.


Property, plant and equipment


Group





Land and buildings
Plant and machinery
Fixtures and fittings
Total

€'000
€'000
€'000
€'000



Cost






At 1 January 2023
99,325
193,975
4,713
298,013


Additions
6,055
29,208
303
35,566


Transfer to intangible assets
-
(380)
-
(380)


Acquisition of subsidiary
7,380
4,445
1,276
13,101


Disposals
(522)
(27,549)
(470)
(28,541)


Exchange adjustments
1,356
2,459
82
3,897



At 31 December 2023
113,594
202,158
5,904
321,656


Additions
2,711
12,041
384
15,136


Transfer to intangible assets
17
(381)
5
(359)


Disposals
(18,694)
(18,625)
(376)
(37,695)


Transfer to non-current assets held for sale
(9,855)
-
-
(9,855)


Reclassifications
41
(595)
90
(464)


Exchange adjustments
1,119
1,815
28
2,962



At 31 December 2024
88,933
196,413
6,035
291,381

Page 70

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

14.Property, plant and equipment (continued)


Land and buildings
Plant and machinery
Fixtures and fittings
Total

€'000
€'000
€'000
€'000



Accumulated depreciation and impairment






At 1 January 2023
42,013
86,031
3,459
131,503


Charge owned for the year
1,957
16,072
767
18,796


Charged financed for the year
4,151
5,152
-
9,303


Disposals
(138)
(25,910)
(661)
(26,709)


Exchange adjustments
214
712
54
980



At 31 December 2023
48,197
82,057
3,619
133,873


Charge owned for the year
2,202
11,683
988
14,873


Charged financed for the year
4,663
8,720
-
13,383


Disposals
(9,229)
(9,790)
(319)
(19,338)


Transfer to non-current assets held for sale
(8,070)
-
-
(8,070)


Reclassifications
630
(1,085)
(9)
(464)


Impairment charge
-
7,266
-
7,266


Exchange adjustments
295
484
22
801



At 31 December 2024
38,688
99,335
4,301
142,324



Net book value


At 1 January 2023

57,312
107,944
1,254
166,510


At 31 December 2023

65,397
120,101
2,285
187,783


At 31 December 2024
50,245
97,078
1,734
149,057


14.1. Assets held under leases


The net book value of owned and leased assets included as "Property, plant and equipment" in the Consolidated Balance Sheet is as follows:

2024
2023
€'000
€'000


Property, plant and equipment owned
105,698
130,677

Right-of-use assets
43,359
57,106

149,057
187,783

Page 71

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

14.Property, plant and equipment (continued)


14.1 Assets held under leases (continued)

Information about right-of-use assets is summarised below:

Net book value

2024
2023
€'000
€'000

Buildings
16,846
19,934

Plant and machinery
26,513
37,172

43,359
57,106

Depreciation charge for the year ended

2024
2023
€'000
€'000

Buildings
4,663
4,151

Plant and machinery
8,720
5,152

13,383
9,303

Additions to right-of-use assets

2024
2023
€'000
€'000

Additions to right-of-use assets
4,807
14,982



14.2 Assets pledged as security

Freehold land and buildings with a carrying amount of €15.3 million (2023: €27.5 million) and plant and machinery with a carrying amount of €19.0 million (2023: €3.4 million) have been pledged to secure borrowings of the Group.

Page 72

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

15.


Intangible assets

Group





Goodwill
Customer contracts
Software
Total

€'000
€'000
€'000
€'000



Cost






At 1 January 2023
43,622
22,061
7,586
73,269


Additions
-
133
459
592


Disposals
-
-
(39)
(39)


On acquisition of subsidiaries
-
-
34
34


Transfers from property, plant and equipment
-
-
380
380


Foreign exchange movement
665
396
161
1,222



At 31 December 2023
44,287
22,590
8,581
75,458


Additions
-
-
362
362


Transfers from property, plant and equipment
-
-
359
359


Disposals
-
-
(168)
(168)


Foreign exchange movement
1,423
650
117
2,190



At 31 December 2024
45,710
23,240
9,251
78,201
Page 73

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

15.Intangible assets (continued)


Goodwill
Customer contracts
Software
Total

€'000
€'000
€'000
€'000



Accumulated amortisation and impairment






At 1 January 2023
13,777
22,042
5,236
41,055


Charge for the year - owned
-
16
910
926


Disposals
-
-
(39)
(39)


Impairment charge
1,209
-
-
1,209


Foreign exchange movement
-
389
87
476



At 31 December 2023
14,986
22,447
6,194
43,627


Charge for the year - owned
-
42
886
928


Disposals
-
-
(126)
(126)


Foreign exchange movement
-
647
93
740


At 31 December 2024
14,986
23,136
7,047
45,169



Net book value


At 1 January 2023

29,845
19
2,350
32,214


At 31 December 2023

29,301
143
2,387
31,831


At 31 December 2024
30,724
104
2,204
33,032

Page 74

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

15.Intangible assets (continued)

The recoverable amounts of the CGUs and the group of units are determined from value in use calculations. The key assumptions for the value in use calculations are those regarding the discount rates, growth rates and expected changes to selling prices and direct costs during the year. Management estimates discount rates using pre-tax rates that reflect current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the CGUs and the group of units. The growth rates are based on industry growth forecasts and management estimates. Changes in selling prices and direct costs are based on past practices and expectations of future changes in the market.
The Company considers the CGUs to be it's territories. These are groups of subsidiaries allocated based on geographical location and legal structure. These territories are as follows:
Iberia (Spain)
Central Europe (Poland, Austria, Germany, Czech Republic and Slovenia)
UK (England)
The Group prepares cash flow forecasts derived from the most recent financial budgets approved by management for the next five years and extrapolates cash flows into perpetuity based on an estimated growth rate of zero per cent. This rate does not exceed the average long-term growth rate for the relevant markets. 
The Group has goodwill relating to its investments in the UK and Iberia territories. Goodwill is allocated to CGUs based on the territory the related entity or entities is in.
On acquisition, before impairment testing, goodwill of €15.6 million 
(2023: €15.6 million) was allocated to the Walstead Iberia CGU and has been fully impaired in prior periods. The remaining goodwill of €30.7 million (2023: €29.3 million) relates to the Walstead UK CGU which is denominated in GBP and is retranslated at the balance sheet date. 
Given there are no indicators of impairment for the Walstead UK CGU which produced strong results for the year, no detailed impairment review was performed.

Page 75

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

16.


Subsidiaries

The Group consists of a parent company, Walstead Group Limited, which is incorporated in the United Kingdom and a number of subsidiaries held directly and indirectly by Walstead Group Limited, which operate and are incorporated in the United Kingdom and the rest of Europe. Note 46 to the Company’s separate financial statements lists details of the interests in subsidiaries. 

Details of the Group's subsidiaries at the end of the reporting period are as follows:

Place of incorporation and operation
Number of wholly-owned subsidiaries

2024
2023





1United Kingdom


13

13

2Spain


5

5

3Austria


3

3

4Czech Republic


1

1

5Slovenia


1

1

6Poland


3

3

7Germany


2

2

8United States


2

-


Principal Activities
United Kingdom - Printing & Digital Marketing Services
Spain - Printing & Digital Marketing Services
Austria - Printing
Czech Republic - Printing
Slovenia - Printing
Poland - Printing & Digital Marketing Services
Germany - Printing
United States - Digital Marketing Services
The Group did not hold any non-wholly owned subsidiaries as at 31 December 2024 
(2023: none). There are no significant restrictions on the ability of the Group to access or use assets and settle liabilities.  

Page 76

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

17.


Inventories

Group


2024
2023
€'000
€'000



Raw materials
16,637
18,105

Work in progress
5,639
6,241

22,276
24,346

The cost of inventories recognised as an expense during 2024 was €170 million (2023: €230 million).

No inventories have been pledged as security for any of the Group’s borrowings.


18.


Trade and other receivables



Group

2024
2023
€'000
€'000


Current

Trade receivables
22,115
23,643

Less: provision for impairment of trade receivables
(2,794)
(2,799)

Trade receivables - net
19,321
20,844

Prepayments
4,862
4,389

Corporation tax
1,168
817

Accrued income
764
995

Amounts receivable from invoice discounting facility
2,007
1,551

VAT receivable
1,382
1,231

Other receivables
4,383
6,442

Total current trade and other receivables
33,887
36,269

Page 77

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

18.Trade and other receivables (continued)

The Group’s exposure to credit risk is influenced mainly by the individual characteristics of each customer. The demographics of the Group’s customer base, including the default risk of the industry and country in which customers operate, has less influence on credit risk. No single customer accounts for a significant proportion of the Group’s revenue. 
Each new customer is analysed individually for creditworthiness before the Group’s standard payment and delivery terms and conditions are offered. The Group’s review includes external ratings, where available, and in some cases bank references. Purchase limits are established for each customer, which represents the maximum open amount without requiring approval from the Board of Directors. Customers that fail to meet the Group’s benchmark creditworthiness may transact with the Group only on a prepayment basis.
The average credit period taken on sales of goods is 13 days 
(202315 days). No interest is charged on the receivables for the first 30 days from the date of the invoice. 
Of the trade receivables balance at the end of the year, €1.1 million is due from the Group’s customer with the largest revenue 
(2023: €5.3 million). There is no customer with a balance more than 10% of the total balance of trade receivables.

Movements in the impairment allowance for trade receivables are as follows:




2024
2023
€'000
€'000

Current

At 1 January
2,799
3,444

Impairment losses recognised
320
418

Written off during the year as uncollectable
(141)
(603)

Impairment losses reversed
(41)
(243)

Recovered during the year
(179)
(346)

Effect of changes in foreign exchange rate
36
129

At 31 December
2,794
2,799

In determining the recoverability of a trade receivable, the Group considers any change in the credit quality of the trade receivable from the date credit was initially granted up to the reporting date. The concentration of credit risk is limited due to the customer base being large and unrelated.





Page 78

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

18.

Trade and other receivables (continued)

Amounts receivable from the sale of goods can be analysed as follows:


2024
2023

€'000
€'000


Amount receivable not past due
18,558
18,379

Amount receivable past due but not impaired
763
2,465

Amount receivable impaired (gross)
2,794
2,799

Less: impairment loss allowance
(2,794)
(2,799)


19,321
20,844


Ageing of past due but not impaired receivables:


2024
2023

€'000
€'000


0 - 30 days
520
2,380

31 - 60 days
82
69

61 - 90 days
36
16

90+ days
125
-


763
2,465


Ageing of impaired trade receivables:


2024
2023

€'000
€'000


Within payment terms
-
120

0 - 30 days
-
81

31 - 60 days
26
3

61 - 90 days
104
40

90+ days
2,664
2,555


2,794
2,799

Page 79

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

18.

Trade and other receivables (continued)

The Group entered into a factoring arrangement with BNP Paribas Fortis Factor. Under this arrangement, the Group has transferred the relevant receivables to the factor in exchange for a facility which allows it to draw down cash of up to 95% of the value of the receivable. The sale of these receivables is non-recourse up to the credit limit provided by the insurance provider subject to a deductible of up to 10%. As a result, the Group has transferred a proportion of the risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset and therefore only recognises the asset to the extent it continues to be exposed to the changes in value in accordance with IFRS 9. The Group continues to carry the risks associated with receivables above the credit limit and consequently these receivables are recognised in the Consolidated Balance Sheet and measured at fair value and the general classification category is FVTPL.
Amounts advanced by the factor that could become repayable under the terms of the agreement are presented as secured borrowing. Cash that has not been advanced in respect of non-recourse debts sold to the factor is shown within other receivables.
The carrying amounts of receivables sold to the factor but included within trade receivables are as follows:


2024
2023

€'000
€'000


Amounts owned by the factor
12,625
19,290

Associated secured borrowing
8,039
10,215


19.
Trade and other payables


2024
2023

€'000
€'000


Non-current

Deferred income
1,661
1,361

Total non-current trade and other payables
1,661
1,361

Current

Trade payables
61,164
69,144

Other payables
7,045
5,021

Accruals
33,571
36,944

Other tax and social security
5,134
4,911

Deferred income
-
390

Payroll payables
2,647
2,159


Total current trade and other payables
109,561
118,569

Trade creditors and accruals principally comprise amounts outstanding for trade purchases and ongoing costs. The average credit period taken for trade purchases is 50 days (202351 days).
There are no suppliers who represent more than 10% of the total balance of the trade payables. 


Page 80

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

19.

Trade and other payables (continued)

The deferred income arises as a result of the benefit received from an interest-free government grant received to purchase plant and equipment; this has been recognised as other operating income, €90,000 for the year (2023: €390,000). The grant is being deferred over the life of the machine.


2024
2023

€'000
€'000


Arising from government grant

Within one year
-
390

More than one year
1,661
1,361


1,661
1,751


20.


Loans and borrowings


Group

2024
2023
€'000
€'000

Non-current

Term loans - secured
13,589
25,205

Term loans - unsecured
1,812
2,846

Loans from related parties
17,186
15,518

Lease liabilities
32,596
38,348

65,183
81,917

Current

Term loans - secured
4,997
6,863

Term loans - unsecured
1,034
2,699

Overdrafts and invoice discounting facility - secured
13,263
10,215

Overdrafts and invoice discounting facility - unsecured
6,207
-

Lease liabilities
10,253
12,243

35,754
32,020

Total loans and borrowings
100,937
113,937

The principal features of the Group’s borrowings are as follows.
Amounts payable to related parties
Amounts payable comprise of loans from the Company’s immediate parent company at SONIA +2.0% per annum on the outstanding loan balances. These loans are due to mature in 2026.

Page 81

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

Term loans

The Group has a number of principal term loans, the most significant are detailed below:


2024
2023

Country
Currency
Maturity
Interest rate
€'000
€'000

Austria - secured
EUR
2028 - 2032
2.20% - 4.56%
17,425
28,976

Austria - unsecured
EUR
2025
0.99%
304
1,613

Czech - secured
CZK/EUR
2027
6.36%
844
2,124

Spain - secured
EUR
2025
2.50%
317
968

Spain - unsecured
EUR
2026 - 2029
0.00% - 4.44%
2,540
3,932

21,430
37,613

The secured loans are secured by charges over specifically identified buildings, plant and machinery of the relevant legal entity.




21.


Provisions

Group



Loss making contracts
Employee provisions
Onerous lease and dilapidations
Other
Total

€'000
€'000
€'000
€'000
€'000





At 1 January 2024
971
8,168
3,597
-
12,736


Charged to profit or loss
782
342
72
103
1,299


Utilised during the year
(971)
(1,565)
(246)
(103)
(2,885)


Actuarial losses
-
708
-
-
708


Released during the year
-
(671)
-
-
(671)


Interest cost
-
(410)
-
-
(410)


Foreign exchange movements
-
7
115
-
122



At 31 December 2024
782
6,579
3,538
-
10,899



Due within one year or less
782
28
117
-
927


Due after more than one year
-
6,551
3,421
-
9,972



782
6,579
3,538
-
10,899

Page 82

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

21.Provisions (continued)

Loss making contracts

Contract provisions are recognised where contractual or constructive obligations exist with certain customers whereby the Group is obliged to fulfil the contract even if it is loss making. This situation arose at 31 December 2024 as a result of a unprecedented increases in paper, energy and other input costs, which at the contracted selling prices means certain contracts will be loss making.

Onerous lease and dilapidations

The lease provisions relate to estimated early surrender costs and dilapidations.

Employee provisions

Employee provisions relate to legally required future costs in respect of employees.
Poland
There is a provision for severance in respect of employees in Poland, paid as a one-off sum in case of retirement or disablement. The payments are obligatory and guaranteed by the Labour Code. The methodology used "Projected unit method" is compliant with IAS 19.
Austria and Slovenia
There is a legal requirement in Austria and Slovenia to accrue for a future cost in respect of employees that commenced their employment with the Group pre-2003. A payment is due to an employee if their service is terminated following three years of continuous employment. 
The provision is accumulated for each employee and is payable based on a multiple of their final month’s salary, depending on length of service. The future cost discounted and is valued by an actuary each year. 
The provision exposes the Group to actuarial risks such as interest risk and salary risk.
Interest risk   A decrease in the discount rate will increase the liability.
Salary risk    The present value of the provision is calculated by reference to the future                salaries of plan participants. As such, an increase in the salary of the plan                participants will increase the plan’s liability.
The most recent actuarial assessment of the Austrian present value of the employee provision was carried out at 31 December 2024 by a professional actuary. The present value was measured using the projected unit credit method.

Page 83

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

21.

Provisions (continued)

The weighted average of the principal assumptions used for the purposes of the actuarial valuations were as follows:


2024
2023

%
%


Key assumptions used:

Discount rate
3.00
3.25

Expected rate of salary increase
2.50
3.20


Significant actuarial assumptions for the determination of the defined benefit obligation are discount rate and expected salary increase. The sensitivity analysis below has been determined based on reasonably possible changes of the respective assumptions occurring at the end of the reporting period, while holding all other assumptions constant.


Decrease in parameter
Increase in parameter
Impact of decrease
Impact of increase

Discount rate
(1.00%)
1.00%
10.70%
(9.30%)

Salary growth
(0.50%)
0.50%
(4.80%)
5.10%

The sensitivity analysis presented above may not be representative of the actual change in the provision as it is unlikely that the changes in assumptions would occur in isolation of one another as some of the assumptions may be correlated. 
In presenting the above sensitivity analysis, the present value of the employee provision has been calculated using the projected unit credit method at the end of the reporting period, which is the same as that applied in calculating the employee provision recognised in the Consolidated Balance Sheet.
There are long term service provisions relating to legal requirements for Austrian and Slovenian employees to accrue specific costs for employees that have been employed for at least 25 years. The provisions are calculated by an actuary and relates to length of service.
Also, in Austria there is a small defined benefit pension scheme with a liability of €9,000
 (2023: €11,000), this relates to retired employees and no further benefit is accruing.


Page 84

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

22.


Assets and liabilities classified as held for sale


Group

General description

At the balance sheet date, the Group considers its freehold property in Barcelona, Spain to meet the criteria of assets held for sale.


Assets and liabilities held for sale

2024
2023
€'000
€'000


Freehold property
1,785
-

Assets held for sale
1,785
-



23.


Share capital

Authorised, issued and fully paid


2024
2024
2023
2023
Number
€'000
Number
€'000

Ordinary shares of £1.00 each

At 1 January and 31 December
50,000

65

50,000
 
65
 

All shares have full voting, dividend and capital distribution rights.


24.


Reserves


Foreign exchange reserve

The foreign exchange reserve represents the accumulation of non-distributable unrealised foreign exchange differences arising from the consolidation of foreign subsidiaries and operations.

Retained earnings

Retained earnings represent the accumulation of retained profits, net of dividends, which are in the form of distributable reserves.

Page 85

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

25.


Leases


Group




(i) Leases as a lessee



The average lease term was 5 years (20235 years) and during the year ended 31 December 2024 the average effective borrowing rate was 7.17(20236.70%). Interest rates were fixed at the contract date. All leases were on a fixed repayment basis and no arrangements had been entered into for contingent rental payments.


Lease liabilities are due as follows:

2024
2023
€'000
€'000

Present value of lease liabilities is as follows:

Not later than one year
10,253
12,243

Between one year and five years
24,504
29,103

Later than five years
8,092
9,245

42,849
50,591


Lease liabilities included in the Consolidated Balance Sheet at 31 December
42,849
50,591


Non-current
32,596
38,348

Current
10,253
12,243

The Group’s obligations under leases are secured by the lessors’ rights over the leased assets disclosed in note 14.


The following amounts in respect of leases have been recognised in profit or loss:

2024
2023
€'000
€'000

Expenses relating to leases of low-value assets, excluding short-term leases of low-value assets
156
90

Page 86

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

26.


Derivative financial instruments

The Group is exposed to market risk from changes in foreign currency exchange rates. Where possible, the Group identifies exposures in our business that can be offset internally. Where no natural offset is identified, the Group may choose to enter into various derivative transactions. These instruments have the effect of reducing our exposure to unfavourable changes in foreign currency rates. The Group does not enter into derivative transactions for trading purposes.
Derivative transactions are governed by an established set of policies and procedures covering areas such as authorisation, counterparty exposure and hedging practices. New and existing transactions and agreements are evaluated to determine if they require derivative accounting treatment. The Group assessed that no derivatives gave rise to credit risks from non-performance by counterparties, other than credit risk generally limited to the fair value of the contracts favourable to the Group.
A number of the Group’s subsidiaries receive revenues (through either internal or external billing) in currencies other than their functional currency. As a result, the functional currency revenue will fluctuate as the currency exchange rates change. To reduce this variability, the Group assesses the need for the foreign exchange forward contracts to hedge the foreign exchange risk of forecasted collections. At 31 December 2024 the Group does not have any significant derivative financial instruments 
(2023: €nil).

Page 87

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

27.

Share-based payments

The Group has permitted a number of senior management employees of the Group to subscribe for certain classes of shares in Walstead Holdings Limited, the ultimate parent company of the Group.  The shares were issued to the employees for cash consideration paid to Walstead Holdings Limited, at a price that was deemed to be the market value of the shares at the time of purchase by the employees.
When issued, these shares contained a service condition whereby they were subject to a potential repurchase by Walstead Holdings Limited for an amount equal to the price originally paid, in the event of the individual ceasing to be an employee of the Group.  As a result, the shares are treated as share-based payments. The shares are instruments of the ultimate parent company and are considered to be equity-settled in accordance with IFRS2. The expectation is that the shares will be realised at an exit event, and there is no obligation or expectation that the ultimate parent company to realise will repurchase shares prior to this event. 
The relevant shares falling within this scope are the C and D ordinary shares of the Company. These shares rank equally in their entitlement to their share of equity proceeds and are valued equally. The principal difference between the shares is that the C shares became fully vested over a 3-year period from the date they were issued (over the period 2016 to 2019 for shares issued in 2016 and over the period 2021 to 2024 for shares issued in 2021; hence C shares are fully vested while the D shares remain subject to a potential repurchase if the holder ceases to be an employee. The D shares will therefore only vest fully at an exit event, being the sale of the Group, including these shares, to an unconnected purchaser.
Management have calculated the charge arising in respect of share-based payments using the Black-Scholes option pricing model, with its key assumptions being enterprise value (based on observable multiples from comparable companies), risk free rate, volatility, expected dividend yield, and expected term to an exit event, based on management’s best estimate as of the date of issue of these shares.  There are 250,880 C shares outstanding and 194,240 D shares outstanding at 31 December 2024 
(2023250,880 C shares and 180,040 D shares) to which this treatment applies, including 11,360 D shares that were issued in the current year (20232,840 D shares) and 28,400 shares that were repurchased in the current year (2023: no shares).
No charge to the Consolidated Statement of Profit or Loss (and similarly no corresponding entry to equity) has been made in either the current or prior year as the amounts calculated are not considered to be material to either the Group or the Company. 


Page 88

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

28.


Related party transactions

Balances and transactions between the Company and its subsidiaries, which are related parties of the Company, have been eliminated on consolidation and are not disclosed in this note. Details of transactions between the Group and other related parties are disclosed below.

28.1 Trading transactions


During the year, group entities entered into the following trading transactions with related parties that are not members of the Group:



Transactions in the year
Outstanding balances
2024
2023
2024
2023
€'000
€'000
€'000
€'000


Rutland Partners LLP
188
186
-
42

DM&F Investments Limited
28
30
-
-

216
216
-
42

Rutland Partners LLP is the ultimate controlling party. The remaining companies all had a common Director and reflect consultancy and expenses charged to the Group. All transactions are considered to be at arms length.
DM&F Investments Limited had a common Director and provided consultancy service to the Group.

Page 89

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

29.


Directors' remuneration

2024
2023
€'000
€'000


Directors' emoluments
5,356
5,948

Group contributions to pension schemes
94
83

5,450
6,031

Six Directors are members of defined contribution pension schemes (2023five).


Key management personnel are those persons having authority and responsibility for planning, directing and controlling the activities of the Group and Company. The Group and Company considers the Key Management Personnel to only include the Directors listed on the Company Information page.
Total amounts outstanding with key management personnel as at the reporting date are €1,823,000 (
2023: €1,924,000)

The highest paid Director's emoluments were as follows:


2024
2023
€'000
€'000


Total emoluments and amounts receivable under long-term incentive schemes
1,408
1,585

Group contributions to pension schemes
-
-

1,408
1,585

Page 90

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

30.

Notes supporting the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows

Group


Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash and short-term bank deposits with an original maturity of three months or less. The carrying amount of these assets is approximately equal to their fair value. 


2024
2023
€'000
€'000


Cash at bank available on demand
32,668
33,402


Cash and cash equivalents in the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows and Consolidated Balance Sheet
32,668
33,402



Analysis of movements in net debt


1 January €'000
Cash flows
€'000
Exchange differences
€'000
Other movements
€'000
31 December
€'000

2024

Revolving credit facilities & factoring
10,215
9,095
160
-
19,470

Leases
50,591
(14,303)
1,754
4,807
42,849

Term loans
37,613
(16,143)
(40)
-
21,430

Loans from related parties
15,518
-
1,898
(230)
17,186

Total debt
113,937
(21,351)
3,772
4,577
100,935

Cash and bank balances
(33,402)
1,291
(557)
-
(32,668)

Net debt
80,535
(20,060)
3,215
4,577
68,267

Page 91

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024


30.

 
Notes supporting the Statement of Cash Flows (continued)


1 January €'000
Cash flows
€'000
Exchange differences
€'000
Other movements
€'000
31 December
€'000

2023

Revolving credit facilities & factoring
5,264
4,139
314
498
10,215

Leases
48,517
(9,152)
1,057
10,169
50,591

Term loans
30,473
7,192
(52)
-
37,613

Loans from related parties
19,738
(5,801)
561
1,020
15,518

Total debt
103,992
(3,622)
1,880
11,687
113,937

Cash and bank balances
(48,208)
15,584
(778)
-
(33,402)

Net debt
55,784
11,962
1,102
11,687
80,535

Net debt includes accrued interest on shareholder loans at 31 December 2024 of €1.0 million (2023: €1.1 million)



31.


Financial commitments

2024
2023
€'000
€'000

Future capital expenditure


Contracted for but not provided
354
2,761


32.


Contingent liabilities

Certain companies within the UK are part of a group banking facility. In accordance with this arrangement, credit and debit balances are grouped together to calculate a net balance. Each individual company that is party to the agreement provides a guarantee for credit balances held by other group companies up to a gross limit of £1 million. At the year end, none of the companies within this arrangement held a credit balance (2023: none).
The Group is involved in various contractual relationships as part of its ordinary course of business and makes provision for claims and warranties as necessary. The Board notes that as at 31 December 2024 any such provisions are immaterial and have not had a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

Page 92

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

33.


Retirement benefit schemes

Defined contribution plans
The Group operates defined contribution retirement benefit plans, which receive fixed contributions from the Group companies, for all qualifying employees. The Group’s legal or constructive obligation for these plans is limited to the contributions. The expense recognised in the current period in relation to these contributions was €1.3 million (2023: €1.3 million).
Defined benefit schemes
The Group sponsors a small defined benefit scheme which is recognised within provisions, see note 21 for details.


34.


Financial instruments - fair values and risk management

34.1 Accounting classifications and fair values

Details of the significant accounting policies and methods adopted (including the criteria for recognition, the basis of measurement and the bases for recognition of income and expenses) for each class of financial asset, financial liability and equity instrument are disclosed in note 4.

The following table shows the carrying amounts and fair values of financial assets and financial liabilities. It does not include fair value information for financial assets and financial liabilities not measured at fair value if the carrying amount is a reasonable approximation of fair value.



31 December 2024
Note
Amortised cost
Total


        €'000
        €'000

Financial assets


  




Trade receivables

 18 

19,321

19,321

Cash and cash equivalents

 30 

32,668

32,668

Other financial assets

  

6,390

6,390



  


58,379
58,379
Financial liabilities


  




Term loans

 20 

21,432

21,432

Overdrafts and invoice discounting facility

 20 

19,470

19,470

Loans from related parties

 20 

17,186

17,186

Lease liabilities

 20 

42,849

42,849

Trade and other payables

 19 

70,856

70,856



  


171,793
171,793

Page 93

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

34.Financial instruments - fair values and risk management (continued)


34.1 Accounting classifications and fair values (continued)



31 December 2023
Note
Amortised cost
Total


        €'000
        €'000

Financial assets


  




Trade receivables

 18 

20,844

20,844

Cash and cash equivalents

 30 

33,402

33,402

Other financial assets

  

7,991

7,991



  


62,237
62,237
Financial liabilities


  




Term loans

 20 

37,613

37,613

Overdrafts and invoice discounting facility

 20 

10,215

10,215

Loans from related parties

 20 

15,518

15,518

Lease liabilities

 20 

50,591

50,591

Trade and other payables

 19 

76,324

76,324



  


190,261
190,261

Page 94

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

34.Financial instruments - fair values and risk management (continued)


34.2 Financial risk management objectives

The Group’s treasury function provides services to the business, co-ordinates access to domestic and international financial markets, and monitors and manages the financial risks relating to the operations of the Group. These risks include market risk (including currency risk, interest rate risk and price risk), credit risk, liquidity risk and cash flow interest rate risk.
The Group seeks to minimise the effects of these risks by using derivative financial instruments to take exercise options on these risk exposures where necessary. The use of financial derivatives is governed by the Group’s policies approved by the Board of Directors, which provide written principles on foreign exchange risk, interest rate risk, credit risk, the use of financial derivatives and non-derivative financial instruments, and the investment of excess liquidity. Compliance with policies and exposure limits is reviewed on a continuous basis. The Group does not enter into or trade financial instruments, including derivative financial instruments, for speculative purposes.


34.3 Market risk

The Group’s activities expose it primarily to the financial risks of changes in foreign currency exchange rates.


34.4 Foreign currency risk management

The Group undertakes transactions denominated in foreign currencies; consequently, exposures to exchange rate fluctuations arise. Exchange rate exposures are managed within approved policy parameters.

The below table shows the carrying value of assets and liabilities held in currencies other than the presentation currency across the Group.


Liabilities
Assets
2024
2023
2024
2023
€'000
€'000
€'000
€'000

GBP
(123,892)
(92,965)
108,178
73,981

PLN
(29,017)
(31,047)
109,306
63,355

Others (non-EUR)
(7,509)
(10,018)
21,814
23,128

(160,418)
(134,030)
239,298
160,464

Page 95

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

34.Financial instruments - fair values and risk management (continued)


34.4 Foreign currency risk management (continued)


Foreign currency sensitivity analysis

A 1% weakening of the following key trading currencies against the Euro at 31 December would have increased/(decreased) equity and profit or loss by the amounts shown below. This calculation assumes that the change occurred at the balance sheet date and had been applied to risk exposures existing at that date.

This analysis assumes that all other variables, in particular other exchange rates and interest rates, remain constant. The analysis is performed on the same basis for comparative period.



GBP impact
PLN impact
2024
2023
2024
2023
€'000
€'000
€'000
€'000

Profit or loss
(15)
(19)
(51)
(229)

Equity
156
52
(795)
405

A 1% percent strengthening of the above currencies against the Euro at 31 December would have had the equal but opposite effect on the above currencies to the amounts shown above, on the basis that all other variables remain constant.

The average and closing rates applied in this set of financial statements are as follows:
GBP/EUR
Average: €1.181
Closing: €1.210
PLN/EUR
Average: €0.232
Closing: €0.234

Page 96

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

34.Financial instruments - fair values and risk management (continued)


34.5 Interest rate risk management

The Group is exposed to interest rate risk because entities in the Group borrow funds at both fixed and floating interest rates. The risk is managed by the Group by maintaining an appropriate mix between fixed and floating rate borrowings. 
The Group’s exposures to interest rates on financial assets and financial liabilities are detailed in the liquidity risk management section of this note.

At the balance sheet date the interest rate profile of the Group’s interest-bearing financial instruments was:


2024
2023
€'000
€'000

Fixed rate instruments
61,809
77,883

Variable rate instruments
39,128
36,054

100,937
113,937

An increase/(decrease) of 100 basis points in interest rates at the balance sheet date would have (decreased)/increased equity and profit or loss by €397,000 (2023: €320,000). This calculation assumes that the change occurred at the balance sheet date and had been applied to risk exposures existing at that date. 
This analysis assumes that all other variables, in particular foreign currency rates, remain constant and considers the effect of financial instruments with variable interest rates. The analysis is performed on the same basis for comparative period.


34.6 Credit risk management

Credit risk refers to the risk that a counterparty will default on its contractual obligations resulting in financial loss to the Group. The Group has adopted a policy of only dealing with creditworthy counterparties and obtaining sufficient collateral where appropriate, as a means of mitigating the risk of financial loss from defaults. The Group only transacts with entities that are rated the equivalent of investment grade and above. This information is supplied by independent rating agencies where available, and if not available, the Group uses other publicly available financial information and its own trading records to rate its major customers.
The Group’s exposure and the credit ratings of its counterparties are continuously monitored, and the aggregate value of transactions concluded is spread amongst approved counterparties. Credit exposure is controlled by counterparty limits that are reviewed and approved annually. 
The credit risk on liquid funds is limited because the counterparties are banks with high credit-ratings assigned by international credit-rating agencies.

Page 97

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

34.Financial instruments - fair values and risk management (continued)



34.7 Liquidity risk management

Liquidity risk tables

Ultimate responsibility for liquidity risk management rests with the Board of Directors, which has established an appropriate liquidity risk management framework for the management of the Group’s short, medium and long-term funding and liquidity management requirements. The Group manages liquidity risk by maintaining adequate reserves, banking facilities and reserve borrowing facilities, by continuously monitoring forecast and actual cash flows, and by matching the maturity profiles of financial assets and liabilities. 
In addition to the €
32.7 million of cash, the Group has access to revolving financing and invoice financing facilities, of which €21.7 million (2023: €33.6 million) were unused at the balance sheet date. The Group expects to meet its other obligations from operating cash flows and proceeds of maturing financial assets.
The following are the remaining contractual maturities of financial liabilities at the reporting date. The amounts are gross and undiscounted, and include contractual interest payments and exclude the impact of netting arrangements:

Carrying amount
Total
Year 1
Years 2 to 5
More than 5 years
        €'000
        €'000
        €'000
        €'000
        €'000
31 December 2024







Term loans

21,432

21,432

6,031

13,641

1,760

Overdrafts and invoice discounting facility

19,470

19,470

19,470

-

-

Lease liabilities

42,849

42,849

10,253

24,504

8,092

Trade and other payables

70,856

70,856

70,856

-

-

Loans from related parties

17,186

17,186

-

17,186

-



171,793
171,793
106,610
55,331
9,852

Carrying amount
Total
Year 1
Years 2 to 5
More than 5 years
        €'000
        €'000
        €'000
        €'000
        €'000
31 December 2023







Term loans

37,613

37,613

9,562

19,799

8,252

Overdrafts and invoice discounting facility

10,215

10,215

10,215

-

-

Lease liabilities

50,591

50,591

12,243

29,103

9,245

Trade and other payables

76,324

76,324

76,324

-

-

Loans from related parties

15,518

15,518

-

15,518

-



190,261
190,261
108,344
64,420
17,497

Page 98

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

34.Financial instruments - fair values and risk management (continued)

34.8 Fair value measurements

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date, regardless of whether that price is directly observable or estimated using another valuation technique. In estimating the fair value of an asset or a liability, the Group takes into account the characteristics of the asset or liability if market participants would take those characteristics into account when pricing the asset or liability at the measurement date.
Fair value for measurement and/or disclosure purposes in these consolidated financial statements is determined on such a basis. 
In addition, for financial reporting purposes, fair value measurements are categorised into Level 1, 2 or 3 based on the degree to which the inputs to the fair value measurements are observable and the significance of the inputs to the fair value measurement in its entirety, which are described as follows:

Level 1 inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that     the entity can access at the measurement date;
• Level 2 inputs are inputs, other than quoted prices included within Level 1, that are observable for       the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly;
• Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs for the asset or liability. 



35.


Capital management

The Group manages its capital to ensure that entities in the Group will be able to continue as going concerns while maximising the return to shareholders through the optimisation of the debt and equity balance. 
The capital structure of the Group consists of net debt (comprising loans and borrowings less cash and bank balances, see note 30) and equity of the Group (comprising issued share capital, reserves and retained earnings as disclosed in the Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity).

Page 99

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

36.

Events after the reporting date


Group

36.1 Fire damage
In May 2025 there was a fire on one of the presses at the Group’s print site in Bicester, UK. The Group has taken the appropriate steps to mitigate the impact of this and continues to serve customers by utilising other presses on the site, and in the Group. There is comprehensive insurance in place. As this occurred after the reporting period, it is considered a non-adjusting event, and no adjustments have been made to the 2024 financial statements.
36.2 Site closures
The Group entered into consultations with employee representatives at sites in Barcelona (Spain) in January 2025 and St. Pölten (Austria) in March 2025. These sites are expected to close in 2025. The loss after tax for both sites for the year ended 31 December 2024 was €11.4m and €3.3m respectively.
The closure of the sites is the result of fundamental changes in the printing industry in Europe in recent years, including demand changes and increasing costs.
36.3 Corporate restructuring
On 30 June 2025, Walstead Holdings Limited (“WHL”), the ultimate parent company of the Walstead Group Limited, acquired 100% of the share capital of Walstead Group Limited from Walstead Finance Limited (“WFL”), its immediate parent company, for a consideration of €20.1 million.
This transaction represented an intra-group transfer of shares and did not result in any change to the ultimate control, or to the consolidated net assets or results, of Walstead Group Limited.
As the transaction occurred after the reporting date, it is classified as a non-adjusting event under IAS 10. Accordingly, no adjustments have been made to these financial statements.
36.4 Ultimate controlling party
In June 2025 the Group announced that the private equity shareholder in Walstead Holdings Limited, the Company’s ultimate holding company, has indicated that they are looking to realise their investment in the Walstead business. At this stage in the process the particular buyer has not yet been identified and no adjustments have been made to the 2024 financial statements relating to this.

Page 100

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
COMPANY BALANCE SHEET
AS AT 31 DECEMBER 2024

 
2024
2023
Note
€'000
€'000
Non-current assets
Investment in subsidiaries
39
37,333
52,429
Property, plant and equipment
40
6
1
Intangible assets
41
81
125
Trade and other receivables
42
11,983
14,235
49,403
66,790
Current assets
Trade and other receivables
42
4,590
5,162
Cash and cash equivalents
2,003
1,121
6,593
6,283
Total assets
55,996
73,073
Current liabilities
Trade and other payables
43
(4,122)
(4,491)
Loans and borrowings
44
(10,435)
(18,737)
(14,557)
(23,228)
Net current assets
(7,964)
(16,945)
Non-current liabilities
Loans and borrowings
44
(25,811)
(15,515)
Total liabilities
(40,368)
(38,743)
Net assets
15,628
34,330
Equity
Share capital
65
65
Retained earnings
14,089
35,190
Foreign exchange reserve
1,474
(925)
Equity attributable to the owners of the parent
15,628
34,330

Page 101

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 


COMPANY BALANCE SHEET (CONTINUED)
AS AT 31 DECEMBER 2024


The Company has elected to take the exemption under section 408 of the Companies Act 2006 from presenting the parent Company's profit and loss account.
The Company’s result for the financial year amounted to a loss of €21,101
(2023: €7,920k).
The financial statements were approved and authorised for issue by the Board of Directors and were signed on its behalf by:


B G Murray
Director
Date: 30 September 2025
The notes on pages 104 to 112 form part of these financial statements.


Page 102

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
COMPANY STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
AS AT 31 DECEMBER 2024

 
Share capital
Foreign exchange reserve
Retained earnings
Total equity
€'000
€'000
€'000
€'000
At 1 January 2023
65
(1,168)
43,110
42,007
Comprehensive income for the year
Loss for the year
-
-
(7,920)
(7,920)
Other comprehensive income
-
243
-
243
Total comprehensive income for the year
-
243
(7,920)
(7,677)
At 31 December 2023
65
(925)
35,190
34,330


At 1 January 2024
65
(925)
35,190
34,330
Comprehensive income for the year
Loss for the year
-
-
(21,101)
(21,101)
Other comprehensive income
-
2,399
-
2,399
Total comprehensive income for the year
-
2,399
(21,101)
(18,702)
At 31 December 2024
65
1,474
14,089
15,628

The notes on pages 104 to 112 form part of these financial statements.

Page 103

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE COMPANY FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

37.


Company accounting policies

Basis of preparation

The Company financial statements are prepared on a going concern basis and in accordance with the Companies Act 2006 and applicable UK accounting standards and present information about the Company as an individual undertaking, and not about its group.
The financial statements are prepared under the historical cost convention.
The functional currency of the Company is pound sterling ("£"), however the financial statements are presented in Euro ("€") and all values are rounded to the nearest thousand euros ("€000").
In preparing its individual financial statements under FRS 102, the Company has taken advantage of the disclosure exemptions available under that standard in relation to financial instruments, capital management, presentation of a cash flow statement, certain related party transactions and the impact of future changes in accounting standards.
Per Paragraph 1A of Schedule 1 to the Regulations, a format similar to IAS 1 has been applied to the Company-only statements and notes.

The principal accounting policies adopted are the same as those set out in note 4 to the consolidated financial statements except as noted below.
Investments in subsidiaries and associates are stated at cost less, where appropriate, provisions for impairment. 


38.


Staff costs

The Company has 19 employees (202319).
The costs relating to these staff are borne in the Company's subsidiaries.

Page 104

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE COMPANY FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

39.
Investment in subsidiaries


2024
2023

€'000
€'000


Cost and net book value

At 1 January 
52,429
56,949

Effect of foreign exchange rate changes
3,284
600

Impairment charge
(18,380)
(5,120)


At 31 December 
37,333
52,429

During the year ended 31 December 2024, the Company impaired its investment in Walstead Iberia Limited by €18,380(2023: €5,120k).
The recoverable amount was determined from value in use calculations. The key assumptions for the value in use calculations are those regarding the discount rates, growth rates and expected changes to selling prices and direct costs during the year. Management estimates discount rates using pre-tax rates that reflect current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the entity. The growth rates are based on industry growth forecasts and management estimates. Changes in selling prices and direct costs are based on past practices and expectations of future changes in the market.
The Group prepares cash flow forecasts derived from the most recent financial forecasts and extrapolates cash flows into perpetuity based on an estimated growth rate of zero per cent. This rate does not exceed the average long-term growth rate for the relevant market.
The discount rates and terminal growth rates used in performing the impairment reviews are as follows:




2024
2023

%
%


Discount rate
10.4
13.7

Terminal growth rate
0.0
0.0

Page 105

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE COMPANY FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

39.

Investment in subsidiaries (continued)

Reasonably possible changes at the reporting date to one of the key assumptions, holding other assumptions constant, would have affected the valuation of Walstead Iberia Limited by the amounts shown below:


Increase
Increase
Decrease
Decrease

2024
2023
2024
2023

€'000
€'000
€'000
€'000


Discount rate (1% movement)
(979)
(2,329)
1,183
2,719

Sales volume (1% movement)
1,010
940
(1,010)
(940)

Labour cost (1% movement)
(879)
(1,075)
879
1,075

Non-labour cost (1% movement)
(814)
(1,437)
814
1,437

Terminal growth rate (1% movement)
471
1,354
(389)
1,170


Details of the Company’s subsidiaries at 31 December 2024 are as follows:


Name
Place of business
Class of shares
Holding

Walstead United Kingdom Limited
UK
Ordinary
100
%

Walstead Iberia Limited
UK
Ordinary
100
%

Walstead Treasury Limited
UK
Ordinary
100
%

Walstead Leykam Limited
UK
Ordinary
100
%

Rhapsody Group Limited
UK
Ordinary
100
%

The investments in subsidiaries are all stated at cost less provision for impairments.
Further information about subsidiaries is provided in notes 16 and 46 to the financial statements.

Page 106

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE COMPANY FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

40.
Property plant and equipment


Fixtures and fittings
Total

€'000
€'000

Cost

At 1 January 2023
73
73

Additions
-
-

Exchange adjustments
2
2

At 31 December 2023
75
75

Additions
7
7

Exchange adjustments
4
4

At 31 December 2024
86
86


Accumulated depreciation and impairment

At 1 January 2023
71
71

Charge for the year
1
1

Exchange adjustments
2
2

At 31 December 2023
74
74

Charge for the year
2
2

Exchange adjustments
4
4

At 31 December 2024
80
80


Net book value

At 31 December 2024
6
6

At 31 December 2023
1
1
Page 107

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE COMPANY FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

41.
Intangible assets


Software
Total

€'000
€'000

Cost

At 1 January 2023
382
382

Additions
42
42

Exchange adjustments
9
9

At 31 December 2023
433
433

Exchange adjustments
21
21

At 31 December 2024
454
454


Accumulated amortisation and impairment

At 1 January 2023
249
249

Charge for the year
53
53

Exchange adjustments
6
6

At 31 December 2023
308
308

Charge for the year
49
49

Exchange adjustments
16
16

At 31 December 2024
373
373


Net book value

At 31 December 2024
81
81

At 31 December 2023
125
125

Page 108

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE COMPANY FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

42.

Trade and other receivables


2024
2023

€'000
€'000


Non-current

Amounts owed by related parties
11,983
14,235

11,983
14,235

Current

Amounts owed by related parties
3,897
3,936

Prepayments
69
91

Group relief receivable
118
-

Deferred tax receivable
503
797

Other receivables
3
338


4,590
5,162

Amounts owed by related parties of are interest free and are repayable on demand.



43.
Trade and other payables


2024
2023

€'000
€'000


Trade payables
142
457

Other payables
527
650

Accruals
2,646
3,008

Other tax and social security
518
226

Amounts payable to related parties
216
80

Group relief payable
73
70


4,122
4,491

Amounts payable to related parties are interest free and are repayable on demand. 


Page 109

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE COMPANY FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

44.

Loans and borrowings


2024
2023

€'000
€'000


Non-current

Loans from related parties
25,811
15,515

25,811
15,515

Current

Loans from related parties
10,435
18,737


10,435
18,737

Amounts repayable of €10,435,000 comprise of a loan from a wholly owed subsidiary at EURIBOR + 1.5% per annum on the outstanding loan balance. This loan is repayable within 30 days of notification.
Amounts repayable of €25,811,000 
(2023: €15,515,000) comprises of a loan from the Company’s immediate parent company of €17,184,000 at EURIBOR + 2.0% per annum on the outstanding loan balance. This loan was due to mature in 2026 however was settled as part of a corporate and financing restructuring project in 2025. The remaining balance comprises of multiple loans from wholly owned subsidiaries between EURIBOR + 2.0% and EURIBOR + 3.5% per annum on the outstanding loan balances. These loans are due to mature in 2026.



45.


Share capital and share premium

The movements on these items are disclosed in note 23 to the consolidated financial statements.

Page 110

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE COMPANY FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

46.

List of affiliated entities and controlling party

The consolidated financial statements of the Group include the holding company accounts and those of wholly-owned and controlled subsidiaries after elimination of intercompany accounts and transactions. The wholly-owned investments in these companies, over which the Group has the ability to exercise significant influence, are accounted for using the equity method. The list of entities within the Group is below.


Name
Status
Business activity
Class of shares
Registered office

Walstead Treasury Limited*
Active
Management
Ordinary
UK1

Walstead United Kingdom Limited*
Active
Management
Ordinary
UK1

Walstead UK Holdings Limited
Active
Management
Ordinary
UK1

Walstead Peterborough Limited
Active
Print and related services
Ordinary
UK1

Walstead Roche Limited
Active
Print and related services
Ordinary
UK1

Walstead Bicester Limited
Active
Print and related services
Ordinary
UK1

Walstead York Limited
Active
Print and related services
Ordinary
UK1

Walstead Press Group Limited
Active
Management
Ordinary
UK1

Walstead Heron Limited
Active
Print and related services
Ordinary
UK1

Walstead Iberia Limited*
Active
Management
Ordinary
UK1

Eurohueco S.A.U.
Active
Print and related services
Ordinary
ES1

Rotocobrhi S.A.U.
Active
Print and related services
Ordinary
ES1

Rhapsody Media S.L.U.
Active
Digital marketing services
Ordinary
ES1

Walstead Encuadernación y Acabados S.L.U.
Active
Management
Ordinary
ES1

Walstead Iberia S.L.U.
Active
Management
Ordinary
ES1

Walstead Leykam Limited*
Active
Management
Ordinary
UK1

Walstead CE GmbH
Active
Management
Ordinary
AU1

Let's Print Holdings AG
Active
Management
Ordinary
AU1

Walstead Moraviapress s.r.o.
Active
Print and related services
Ordinary
CZ1

Walstead Leykam Tiskana d.o.o.
Active
Print and related services
Ordinary
SL1

Walstead Gotha GmbH
Active
Print and related services
Ordinary
DE1

Walstead Leykam Druck GmbH
Active
Print and related services
Ordinary
AU1

Walstead Kraków Sp. z.o.o.
Active
Print and related services
Ordinary
PL1

Walstead Starachowice Sp. z.o.o.
Active
Print and related services
Ordinary
PL2

Walstead Deutschland GmbH
Active
Print and related services
Ordinary
DE2

Rhapsody Group Limited*
Active
Management
Ordinary
UK1

Rhapsody Limited
Active
Digital marketing services
Ordinary
UK1

Rhapsody CE Sp. z.o.o.
Active
Digital marketing services
Ordinary
PL3

Rhapsody Media Inc
Active
Digital marketing services
Ordinary
US1

Rhapsody Media LLC
Active
Digital marketing services
Ordinary
US1

* Direct undertaking
 
Page 111

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE COMPANY FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

46.List of affiliated entities and controlling party (continued)

Registered offices
UK1 18 Westside Centre, London Road, Colchester, CO3 8PH, United Kingdom
ES1  Ronda de Valdecarrizo 13, 28760 Tres Cantos, Spain
AU1 Bickfordstraße 21, 7201 Neudörfl an der Leitha, Austria
CZ1  Breclav, U Póny 3061, PSC 69002, Czech Republic
SL1  Miklavška cesta 61, 2311 Hoce, Slovenia
PL1  Obroncow Modlina 11, Krakow, 30-733, Poland
PL2  Bema 2C, Starachowice, 27-200, Poland
PL3  Aleja Armii Ludowej 14, Warsaw, 00-638, Poland
DE1  Gutenbergstraße 3, 99869 Günthersleben-Wechmar, Germany
DE2 Ulmenstraße 37-39, Frankfurt, 60325, Germany
US1 1209 Orange Street, Wilmington, New Castle, Delaware, 19801, United States
Further details for active companies including the principal business address, can be found at: www.walstead-group.com
The Group also includes a number of historic entities that no longer trade and are classed as dormant entities. None of these entities have any income or expenditure, nor significant consolidated assets or liabilities. The entities have been included within the Group's consolidated reporting but have not been included on this list of companies for the sake of clarity and brevity.



47.


Controlling party

At 31 December 2024 the Company’s immediate parent company is Walstead Finance Limited, a company registered in England and Wales (company registered number 09927246).
The ultimate holding company is Walstead Holdings Limited, a company registered in England and Wales (company registered number 09927148). Walstead Holdings Limited forms the largest group for which consolidated financial statements are drawn up and these financial statements are available from Companies House. The registered office for Walstead Holdings Limited is 18 Westside Centre, London Road, Stanway, Colchester, Essex, England, CO3 8PH. 
The ultimate controlling party is Rutland Partners LLP. Rutland Partners LLP is held by multiple partners and is diversified. It is not controlled by a single person.

Page 112

 
WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 
 
APPENDIX: ALTERNATIVE PERFORMANCE MEASURES
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

 
The Group has a number of non-GAAP measures which are used internally to assess financial performance.
The definitions and reconciliations for these Alternative Performance Measures (APMs) are presented below:

APM
Definition
EBITDA (adjusted)
 
Earnings before interest, tax, depreciation, amortisation, profit or loss on disposal of fixed assets, restructuring and other costs.
Operating profit (adjusted)
Statutory operating profit or loss with restructuring and other costs added back.
Profit after tax (adjusted)
Statutory profit or loss after tax with restructuring and other costs added back.
Paper costs
The total cost of paper used in production after any associated rebates.
Net revenue
Statutory revenue less paper costs.
Added value
 
Added value represents net revenue less outwork and consumable purchases, effectively the valued added by the Group for the work undertaken.
Outwork and consumable purchases
 
Outwork is the costs of production provided by external contractors; consumables are commodity products used in printing, mainly ink.
Net debt
Total debt less cash.
External net debt
Net debt excluding loans from related parties.
External net debt leverage
The ratio of external net debt excluding loans from related parties to EBITDA (adjusted).
Capital employed
Gross assets (excluding cash) less current liabilities (excluding debt).
EBITDA (adjusted) return on capital employed 
EBITDA (adjusted) as a percentage of capital employed.
EBITDA (adjusted) as a percentage of net revenue
EBITDA (adjusted) divided by net revenue, expressed as a percentage.
Added value per production employee
Total added value divided by number of production employees.
Added value as a percentage of net revenue
Total added value divided by net revenue, expressed as a percentage.
Manufacturing output
The equivalent amount of A4 pages used in the manufacturing process.
Net current assets / (liabilities) - excluding loans from related parties
Net current assets (or liabilities) excluding loans from related parties from current liabilities.

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WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 


APPENDIX: ALTERNATIVE PERFORMANCE MEASURES (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024


2024
2023
Note
€'000
€'000
Reconciliation of operating profit (adjusted)
Operating loss (per Consolidated Statement of Profit or Loss)
(7,690)
(756)
Add back:
Restructuring and other costs
9
5,090
4,025
Operating profit (adjusted)
(2,600)
3,269
Reconciliation of loss after tax (adjusted)
Loss after tax (per Consolidated Statement of Profit or Loss)
(18,800)
(12,129)
Add back:
Restructuring and other costs
9
5,090
4,025
Loss after tax (adjusted)
(13,710)
(8,104)
Reconciliation of net revenue
Revenue (per Consolidated Statement of Profit or Loss)
6
540,703
581,997
Less:
Paper costs
(170,308)
(203,935)
Net revenue
370,395
378,062
Reconciliation of added value
Net revenue (per above)
370,395
378,062
Less:
Outwork and consumables
(151,939)
(164,714)
Added value
218,456
213,348
Reconciliation of external net debt leverage
Net debt 
30
68,267
80,535
Less:
Loans from related parties
20
(17,186)
(15,518)
External net debt
51,081
65,017
EBITDA (adjusted) (per Consolidated Statement of Profit or Loss)
28,043
34,764
External net debt leverage
1.8x
1.9x

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WALSTEAD GROUP LIMITED
 


APPENDIX: ALTERNATIVE PERFORMANCE MEASURES (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024


2024
2023
Note
€'000
€'000
Reconciliation of EBITDA (adjusted) return on capital employed
Gross assets (per Consolidated Balance Sheet)
295,206
333,445
Less:
Cash and cash equivalents (per Consolidated Balance Sheet)
(32,668)
(33,402)
Gross assets excluding cash and cash equivalents
262,538
300,043
Current liabilities (per Consolidated Balance Sheet)
(149,021)
(151,920)
Less:
Current debt
20
35,754
32,020
Current liabilities excluding current debt
(113,267)
(119,900)
Capital employed
149,271
180,143
EBITDA (adjusted) (per Consolidated Statement of Profit or Loss)
28,043
34,764
EBITDA (adjusted) return on capital employed
18.8%
19.3%
Reconciliation of net current assets excluding loans from related parties (consolidated)
Net current liabilities
(58,405)
(57,903)
Add back:
-
-
Loans from related parties
-
-
Net current liabilities excluding loans from related parties
(58,405)
(57,903)
Reconciliation of net current assets excluding loans from related parties (company)
Net current (liabilities)/assets
(7,964)
(2,710)
Add back:
-
-
Loans from related parties
10,435
18,737
Net current assets excluding loans from related parties
2,471
16,027

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