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Registered number: 10908862









DEMERZEL SOLUTIONS LIMITED









CONSOLIDATED ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

 
DEMERZEL SOLUTIONS LIMITED
 
 
COMPANY INFORMATION


Directors
T. K. Stanczak 
J. R. T. Kohler 
M. Koniec 




Registered number
10908862



Registered office
30 Churchill Place

London

E14 5EU




Independent auditors
Harris & Trotter LLP
Chartered accountants & statutory auditors

101 New Cavendish Street

London

W1W 6XH





 
DEMERZEL SOLUTIONS LIMITED
 

CONTENTS



Page
Group Strategic Report
1 - 3
Directors' Report
4 - 5
Independent Auditors' Report
6 - 9
Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income
10
Consolidated Statement of Financial Position
11
Company Statement of Financial Position
12 - 13
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity
14
Company Statement of Changes in Equity
15
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows
16 - 17
Notes to the Financial Statements
18 - 39


 
DEMERZEL SOLUTIONS LIMITED
 
 
GROUP STRATEGIC REPORT
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

Company Overview
 
Demerzel Solutions Ltd, a leading blockchain research and software engineering company, demonstrated another strong financial performance in the latest reporting period. This strategic review outlines our growth in revenue, profit, key financial metrics, strategic initiatives, and future outlook.

Financial Performance
 
Turnover The company’s turnover increased by 53%  from the last reporting period. This growth is due to both an expanded client base but also increased sales to existing customers. 
Gross Profit Gross profit increased by 33% from the last reporting period. However, gross profit margin fell to 37% due to the faster expansion of the engineering and research teams. This saw the Cost of Sales increase by 68% year on year.
Administrative Expenses Administrative expenses grew by 83% on a like-for-like basis. This increase is primarily due to building out the operational infrastructure and human capital required for the rapid growth of the business, as well as increased marketing and promotion and travel costs. 
Non Operating Income Non operating income saw significant increases driven by both profits from disposal of digital assets and large increases in the Company’s investment portfolio companies.
Profit After Tax The Company’s Profit after Tax increased from $14.8m to $44.4m, driven primarily by Non Operating Income. 

Page 1

 
DEMERZEL SOLUTIONS LIMITED
 

GROUP STRATEGIC REPORT (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

Strategic Initiatives and Results
 
Blockchain Core Engineering The core engineering team continues being the key driver in the growth of the company. The team implemented key upgrades to our flagship product, the Nethermind Execution Client, and again focused on enhancing solutions for the Ethereum mainnet and emerging Layer 2 solutions. Key projects included working on the Pectra upgrade for Ethereum network (which was successfully implemented in early 2025) and extensive building on the Starknet network focusing on our Voyager and Juno products. The team continues to build a reputation as a leading builder and this will drive significant growth in the future. 
Nethermind Research The research team again worked on some significant technologies, including lattice based folding and based pre-confirmations. The team continued to work with partners, Starknet Foundation, World, the Ethereum Foundation and others which drove significant revenue increases for the year. The Company see the research team as a key driver for growth in the future.
Nethermind Security
The security team again achieved impressive revenue growth, with significant revenue growth from both existing and new clients. The formal verification team also won some significant contracts in the period. 
Infrastructure Management The infrastructure team also saw strong revenue growth, again working with the leading protocols in the Ethereum ecosystem, such as Lido. The infrastructure team continues to develop a strong presence in this space and the company sees significant growth in the coming years. 
dApps and Enterprise Engineering The enterprise engineering team more than any other part of the business is highly influenced by general macro trends, as such revenue growth was lower than anticipated as the market was extremely volatile and entered a bear phase which suppressed demand for services. Again, the team retained major clients and forged some key relationships working with some of the most promising emerging defi players. The institutional foray into the crypto  Institutional engagement in this sector has yet to really begin, although the momentum is increasing and the company sees immense potential in this sector especially around payment rails, stablecoins and asset tokenisation.
Ventures, Incubation, Investment and Partnerships 2024 saw significant valuation increases in our joint venture Twinstake   and our incubated ventures such as Valantis and Pimlico. We continue to work with key partners such as flashbots and continue to invest in people and products that are suitable for incubation and spin out.
Products The company invested significant capital in new initiatives and products. A hardware team was spun up and started to work a unique ryptographic and biometric identity hardware, AI was also a focus with teams working on and launching an AI AuditAgent and building a AI agentic workforce platform, the development of which is ongoing. The company also started development of a blockchain as a service product. The company expects blockchain as a product, agentic AI and cryptographic guardrails for AI to be key drivers for future growth.

Page 2

 
DEMERZEL SOLUTIONS LIMITED
 

GROUP STRATEGIC REPORT (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

Risks and Uncertainties
 
Technological Risks The company faces significant risk in terms of faster technological advancements and changing demand and usage of existing technology especially around the widespread adoption of artificial intelligence. It invests heavily in R&D, hires the best talent and provides the best tools to help mitigate these technological risks. We also monitor likely future advancements to ensure that our products and services continue to be relevant and in demand.
Market Risks The company is highly exposed to the crypto markets and the Ethereum ecosystem in particular. These markets continue to see high levels of volatility and they are especially affected by external macro economic factors. The company attempts to mitigate these risks by prudent treasury management, entering into long term partnerships and by diversifying its income streams through the development of new products. That said, many revenue streams are highly dependent on capital inflows and continued building in the crypto sector.
Regulatory Risks The company operates in a highly uncertain regulatory environment. Regulation is the sector is continually evolving, though recently trending positive, however a lack of coordination or complementary regulation across the major regions, the USA, EU, UK and Asia could still cause significant problems in the future. The company does attempt to engage with regulatory bodies and policymakers to ensure compliance with current regulations and adaptability to future changes.

Future Outlook
 
Growth Projections The company is investing heavily in new products, technologies and initiatives and is particularly excited about the opportunities around the intersection of cryptography, blockchain, AI and robotics. These opportunities are medium to long term so we expect slower revenue growth whilst these markets mature. The company anticipates  headwinds in the crypto sector in the short term, however it anticipates continued positive developments in the regulatory environment as well as substantial increases in investment in the sector from institutional and traditional finance players. This should provide significant opportunities for strong revenue growth.
Conclusion The Company has had a particularly successful year, seen significant revenue growth, has invested heavily in talent and technology and made some important technological breakthroughs. It continues to be a leading player in the ecosystem and is uniquely placed to capitalise on the opportunities ahead.


This report was approved by the board and signed on its behalf.




J. R. T. Kohler
Director

Date: 30 September 2025

Page 3

 
DEMERZEL SOLUTIONS LIMITED
 
 
 
DIRECTORS' REPORT
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

The directors present their report and the financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2024.

Directors' responsibilities statement

The directors are responsible for preparing the Group Strategic Report, the Directors' Report and the consolidated financial statements in accordance with applicable law and regulations.
 
Company law requires the directors to prepare financial statements for each financial year. Under that law the directors have elected to prepare the financial statements in accordance with applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice), including Financial Reporting Standard 102 ‘The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland'. Under company law the directors must not approve the financial statements unless they are satisfied that they give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the Company and the Group and of the profit or loss of the Group for that period.

 In preparing these financial statements, the directors are required to:


select suitable accounting policies for the Group's financial statements and then apply them consistently;

make judgments and accounting estimates that are reasonable and prudent;

prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that the Group will continue in business.

The directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that are sufficient to show and explain the Company's transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the Company and the Group and to enable them to ensure that the financial statements comply with the Companies Act 2006They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the Company and the Group and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities.

Principal activity

The company's principal activity continues to be that of providing software engineering, research and development, product development and business consulting services in the blockchain and DeFi ecosystems.  

Business review

A comprehensive review of the development and performance of the business during the year, together with a description of the principal risks and uncertainties facing the Group, is set out in the Strategic Report on pages 1-3. That review forms part of this report by cross-reference and is not repeated here in order to avoid duplication.

Results and dividends

The profit for the year, after taxation, amounted to $44,424,855 (2023 - $14,814,178).

There were no dividends declared.

Page 4

 
DEMERZEL SOLUTIONS LIMITED
 
 
 
DIRECTORS' REPORT (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

Directors

The director who served during the year was:
Tomasz Kajetan Stanczak (appointed on 10 August 2017)
The directors appointed after the year-end were:
Joseph Richard Tristan Kohler (appointed on 24 January 2025)
Michal Koniec (appointed on 24 January 2025) 

Disclosure of information to auditors

Each of the persons who are directors at the time when this Directors' Report is approved has confirmed that:
 
so far as the director is aware, there is no relevant audit information of which the Company and the Group's auditors are unaware, and

the director has taken all the steps that ought to have been taken as a director in order to be aware of any relevant audit information and to establish that the Company and the Group's auditors are aware of that information.

Post balance sheet events

There have been no significant events affecting the Group since the year end.

Auditors

The auditorsHarris & Trotter LLPwill be proposed for reappointment in accordance with section 485 of the Companies Act 2006.

This report was approved by the board and signed on its behalf.
 





................................................
J. R. T. Kohler
Director

Date: 30 September 2025

Page 5

 
DEMERZEL SOLUTIONS LIMITED
 
 
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF DEMERZEL SOLUTIONS LIMITED
 

Opinion


We have audited the financial statements of Demerzel Solutions Limited (the 'parent Company') and its subsidiaries (the 'Group') for the year ended 31 December 2024, which comprise the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income, the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position, the Company Statement of Financial Position, the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows, the Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity, the Company Statement of Changes in Equity and the related notes, including a summary of significant accounting policiesThe financial reporting framework that has been applied in their preparation is applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards, including Financial Reporting Standard 102 ‘The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland' (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice).


In our opinion the financial statements:


give a true and fair view of the state of the Group's and of the parent Company's affairs as at 31 December 2024 and of the Group's profit for the year then ended;
have been properly prepared in accordance with United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice; and
have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006.


Basis for opinion


We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and applicable law. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditors' responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements section of our report. We are independent of the Group in accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in the United Kingdom, including the Financial Reporting Council's Ethical Standard and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.


Conclusions relating to going concern


In auditing the financial statements, we have concluded that the directors' use of the going concern basis of accounting in the preparation of the financial statements is appropriate.


Based on the work we have performed, we have not identified any material uncertainties relating to events or conditions that, individually or collectively, may cast significant doubt on the Group's or the parent Company's ability to continue as a going concern for a period of at least twelve months from when the financial statements are authorised for issue.


Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of the directors with respect to going concern are described in the relevant sections of this report.


Page 6

 
DEMERZEL SOLUTIONS LIMITED
 
 
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF DEMERZEL SOLUTIONS LIMITED (CONTINUED)


Other information


The other information comprises the information included in the Annual Report other than the financial statements and our Auditors' Report thereon. The directors are responsible for the other information contained within the Annual ReportOur opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and, except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in our report, we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon. Our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the course of the audit, or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If we identify such material inconsistencies or apparent material misstatements, we are required to determine whether this gives rise to a material misstatement in the financial statements themselves. If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact.


We have nothing to report in this regard.


Opinion on other matters prescribed by the Companies Act 2006
 

In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of the audit:


the information given in the Group Strategic Report and the Directors' Report for the financial year for which the financial statements are prepared is consistent with the financial statements; and
the Group Strategic Report and the Directors' Report have been prepared in accordance with applicable legal requirements.


Matters on which we are required to report by exception
 

In the light of the knowledge and understanding of the Group and the parent Company and its environment obtained in the course of the audit, we have not identified material misstatements in the Group Strategic Report or the Directors' Report.


We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters in relation to which the Companies Act 2006 requires us to report to you if, in our opinion:


adequate accounting records have not been kept by the parent Company, or returns adequate for our audit have not been received from branches not visited by us; or
the parent Company financial statements are not in agreement with the accounting records and returns; or
certain disclosures of directors' remuneration specified by law are not made; or
we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit.


Page 7

 
DEMERZEL SOLUTIONS LIMITED
 
 
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF DEMERZEL SOLUTIONS LIMITED (CONTINUED)


Responsibilities of directors
 

As explained more fully in the Directors' Responsibilities Statement set out on page 4, the directors are responsible for the preparation of the financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair view, and for such internal control as the directors determine is necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.


In preparing the financial statements, the directors are responsible for assessing the Group's and the parent Company's ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the directors either intend to liquidate the Group or the parent Company or to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so.


Auditors' responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements
 

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an Auditors' Report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these Group financial statements.


Irregularities, including fraud, are instances of non-compliance with laws and regulations. We design procedures in line with our responsibilities, outlined above, to detect material misstatements in respect of irregularities, including fraud. The extent to which our procedures are capable of detecting irregularities, including fraud is detailed below:

• We obtained an understanding of the legal and regulatory frameworks that are applicable to the Company and determined that the most significant are those that relate to the reporting framework (FRS 102 and the Companies Act 2006) and relevant tax compliance regulations.
• We understood how Demerzel Solutions Limited is complying with those frameworks by making enquiries of senior management, including the Chief Financial Officer and Chief Operating Officer. We corroborated our understanding through our review of board meeting minutes.
• We assessed the susceptibility of the Company’s financial statements to material misstatement, including how fraud might occur, by meeting with management to understand where they considered there was susceptibility to fraud. We considered the controls that the Company has established to address risks identified, or that otherwise prevent, deter and detect fraud; and how management monitors these controls. Where the risk was considered to be higher, we performed audit procedures to address each identified fraud risk.
• Based on this understanding we designed our audit procedures to identify non-compliance with such laws and regulations identified in the paragraphs above. Our procedures involved: journal entry testing, with a focus on manual journals and journals indicating large or unusual transactions based on our understanding of the business; enquiries of senior management; and focused testing on areas with a higher risk of fraud such as revenue and investments.


A further description of our responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements is located on the Financial Reporting Council's website at: www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities. This description forms part of our Auditors' Report.


Page 8

 
DEMERZEL SOLUTIONS LIMITED
 
 
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF DEMERZEL SOLUTIONS LIMITED (CONTINUED)


Use of our report
 

This report is made solely to the Company's members, as a body, in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of the Companies Act 2006Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the Company's members those matters we are required to state to them in an Auditors' Report and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other than the Company and the Company's members, as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we have formed.





Gidon Ross (Senior Statutory Auditor)
  
for and on behalf of
Harris & Trotter LLP
 
Chartered accountants & statutory auditors
  

30 September 2025Harris & Trotter LLP
101 New Cavendish Street, 1st Floor South
London, United Kingdom W1W 6XH
Date: 
Page 9

 
DEMERZEL SOLUTIONS LIMITED
 
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

As restated
2024
2023
Note
$
$

  

Turnover
 3 
31,134,494
20,323,497

Cost of sales
  
(19,725,643)
(11,733,872)

Gross profit
  
11,408,851
8,589,625

Administrative expenses
  
(8,989,308)
(5,295,514)

Profit on disposal of digital assets
 4 
11,660,815
166,137

Profit on revaluation of investments/digital assets
  
44,375,376
12,171,001

Operating profit
 5 
58,455,734
15,631,249

Income from fixed assets investments
  
5,176
-

Interest receivable and similar income
 10 
84
535

Profit before tax
  
58,460,994
15,631,784

Tax on profit
 11 
(14,036,139)
(817,606)

Profit for the financial year
  
44,424,855
14,814,178

Other comprehensive income for the year
  

Unrealised surplus on revaluation of intangible assets
  
(99,130)
1,985,330

Currency translation gain to retained earnings
  
-
358,209

Other comprehensive income for the year
  
(99,130)
2,343,539

Total comprehensive income for the year
  
44,325,725
17,157,717

Profit for the year attributable to:
  

Owners of the parent company
  
44,424,855
14,814,178

  
44,424,855
14,814,178

The notes on pages 18 to 39 form part of these financial statements.

Page 10

 
DEMERZEL SOLUTIONS LIMITED
REGISTERED NUMBER: 10908862

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION
AS AT 31 DECEMBER 2024

As restated
2024
2023
Note
$
$

Fixed assets
  

Intangible assets
 12 
7,413,968
1,628,568

Tangible assets
 13 
49,896
36,176

Investments
 14 
60,988,322
15,997,943

  
68,452,186
17,662,687

Current assets
  

Debtors: amounts falling due within one year
 15 
8,665,614
3,026,185

Cash at bank and in hand
 16 
2,966,179
1,055,427

  
11,631,793
4,081,612

Creditors: amounts falling due within one year
 17 
(5,938,390)
(4,329,185)

Net current assets/(liabilities)
  
 
 
5,693,403
 
 
(247,573)

Total assets less current liabilities
  
74,145,589
17,415,114

Provisions for liabilities
  

Deferred tax
  
(10,951,544)
-

  
 
 
(10,951,544)
 
 
-

Net assets
  
63,194,045
17,415,114


Capital and reserves
  

Called up share capital 
 19 
194
143

Share premium account
  
92,471
92,463

Revaluation reserve
  
1,886,200
1,985,330

Foreign exchange reserve
  
358,209
358,209

Share based payments reserve
  
1,540,042
93,859

Profit and loss account
  
59,316,929
14,885,110

  
63,194,045
17,415,114


The financial statements were approved and authorised for issue by the board and were signed on its behalf on 30 September 2025.

J. R. T. Kohler
Director

The notes on pages 18 to 39 form part of these financial statements.

Page 11

 
DEMERZEL SOLUTIONS LIMITED
REGISTERED NUMBER: 10908862

COMPANY STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION
AS AT 31 DECEMBER 2024

As restated
2024
2023
Note
$
$

Fixed assets
  

Intangible assets
 12 
7,413,967
1,628,568

Tangible assets
 13 
49,896
36,176

Investments
 14 
60,988,334
15,476,369

  
68,452,197
17,141,113

Current assets
  

Debtors: amounts falling due within one year
 15 
11,644,869
3,547,893

Cash at bank and in hand
 16 
461,479
1,055,427

  
12,106,348
4,603,320

Creditors: amounts falling due within one year
 17 
(5,935,636)
(4,329,186)

Net current assets
  
 
 
6,170,712
 
 
274,134

Total assets less current liabilities
  
74,622,909
17,415,247

Provisions for liabilities
  

Deferred taxation
  
(10,951,544)
-

  
 
 
(10,951,544)
 
 
-

Net assets
  
63,671,365
17,415,247


Capital and reserves
  

Called up share capital 
 19 
194
143

Share premium account
  
92,471
92,463

Revaluation reserve
  
1,886,200
1,985,330

Foreign exchange reserve
  
358,209
358,209

Share based payments reserve
  
1,540,042
93,859

Profit and loss account brought forward
  
14,885,243
70,932

Profit for the year
  
44,902,042
14,814,311

Exercise of share options

  

6,964
-

Profit and loss account carried forward
  
59,794,249
14,885,243

  
63,671,365
17,415,247


The financial statements were approved and authorised for issue by the board and were signed on its behalf on 30 September 2025.

Page 12

 
DEMERZEL SOLUTIONS LIMITED
REGISTERED NUMBER: 10908862
    
COMPANY STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION (CONTINUED)
AS AT 31 DECEMBER 2024

J. R. T. Kohler
Director

The notes on pages 18 to 39 form part of these financial statements.

Page 13
 

 
DEMERZEL SOLUTIONS LIMITED


 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024



Called up share capital as restated
Share premium account as restated
Revaluation reserve as restated
Foreign exchange reserve as restated
Share based payments reserve as restated
Profit and loss account as restated
Total equity as restated


$
$
$
$
$
$
$



At 1 January 2023
136
92,463
-
-
-
70,932
163,531





Profit for the year
-
-
-
-
-
14,814,178
14,814,178


Surplus on revaluation of other fixed assets
-
-
1,985,330
-
-
-
1,985,330


Foreign currency translation reserve
-
-
-
358,209
-
-
358,209


Share based payments vesting expense
-
-
-
-
93,859
-
93,859


Shares issued during the year
7
-
-
-
-
-
7





At 1 January 2024
143
92,463
1,985,330
358,209
93,859
14,885,110
17,415,114





Profit for the year
-
-
-
-
-
44,424,855
44,424,855


Deficit on revaluation of other fixed assets
-
-
(99,130)
-
-
-
(99,130)


Share based payments vesting expense
-
-
-
-
1,453,147
-
1,453,147


Shares issued during the year
51
8
-
-
-
-
59


Exercise of share options
-
-
-
-
(6,964)
6,964
-



At 31 December 2024
194
92,471
1,886,200
358,209
1,540,042
59,316,929
63,194,045



The notes on pages 18 to 39 form part of these financial statements.

Page 14

 

 
DEMERZEL SOLUTIONS LIMITED


 

COMPANY STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024



Called up share capital as restated
Share premium account as restated
Revaluation reserve as restated
Foreign exchange reserve as restated
Share based payments reserve as restated
Profit and loss account as restated
Total equity as restated


$
$
$
$
$
$
$



At 1 January 2023
136
92,463
-
-
-
70,932
163,531





Profit for the year
-
-
-
-
-
14,814,311
14,814,311


Surplus on revaluation of other fixed assets
-
-
1,985,330
-
-
-
1,985,330


Foreign currency translation reserve
-
-
-
358,209
-
-
358,209


Share based payments vesting expense
-
-
-
-
93,859
-
93,859


Shares issued during the year
7
-
-
-
-
-
7





At 1 January 2024
143
92,463
1,985,330
358,209
93,859
14,885,243
17,415,247





Profit for the year
-
-
-
-
-
44,902,042
44,902,042


Deficit on revaluation of other fixed assets
-
-
(99,130)
-
-
-
(99,130)


Share based payments vesting expense
-
-
-
-
1,453,147
-
1,453,147


Shares issued during the year
51
8
-
-
-
-
59


Exercise of share options
-
-
-
-
(6,964)
6,964
-



At 31 December 2024
194
92,471
1,886,200
358,209
1,540,042
59,794,249
63,671,365



The notes on pages 18 to 39 form part of these financial statements.

Page 15
 
DEMERZEL SOLUTIONS LIMITED
 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

As restated
2024
2023
$
$

Cash flows from operating activities

Profit for the financial year
44,424,855
14,814,178

Adjustments for:

Amortisation of intangible assets
12
11

Depreciation of tangible assets
12,562
10,963

Taxation charge
3,084,595
817,606

Movement in Deferred tax
10,951,544
-

(Profit)/Loss on revaluation of fixed assets
(43,857,623)
(12,171,001)

(Profit)/Loss on disposal of digital assets
(11,660,815)
153,435

Unrealised (gain)/loss on digital assets
99,130
-

Less impairment of digital assets
300,666
-

Less revenue received in digital assets
(14,831,095)
-

Less cost of sales paid in digital assets
5,566,391
-

Less digital assets gas fees
85,021
-

Less other income received in digital assets
(8,641,162)
-

Less other expenses paid in digital assets
393,046
-

Less bad debt expense
4,020
-

Interest received
(84)
-

Equipment purchased not capitalised
32,594
-

(Increase) in debtors
(5,639,427)
(1,998,815)

Less crypto portion of movement in debtors
5,253,474
-

Increase in creditors
1,680,576
60,987

Less crypto portion of movement in creditors
(391,047)
-

Foreign exchange losses/(gains)
85,615
176,051

Dividend income
(5,176)
(535)

Share based payment expense
1,453,147
93,859

Corporation tax paid
(1,035,342)
-

Other cash generated from/(used in) operations
234,092
(2,323,183)

Net cash generated from operating activities

(12,400,431)
(366,444)
Page 16

 
DEMERZEL SOLUTIONS LIMITED
 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

As restated

2024
2023

$
$





Cash flows from investing activities

Sale of intangible assets
14,352,810
-

Purchase of tangible fixed assets
(14,343)
(7,605)

Capital items expensed
(32,594)
-

Interest received
84
535

Dividends received
5,176
-

Net cash from investing activities

14,311,133
(7,070)

Cash flows from financing activities

Issue of ordinary shares
50
6

Net cash used in financing activities
50
6

Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
1,910,752
(373,508)

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year
1,055,427
1,457,188

Foreign exchange gains and losses
-
(28,253)

Cash and cash equivalents at the end of year
2,966,179
1,055,427


Cash and cash equivalents at the end of year comprise:

Cash at bank and in hand
2,966,179
1,055,427

2,966,179
1,055,427


The notes on pages 18 to 39 form part of these financial statements.

Page 17

 
DEMERZEL SOLUTIONS LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

1.


General information

Demerzel Solutions Limited is a private company, limited by shares, incorporated in England & Wales, registered number 10908862. The registered office is 30 Churchill Place, London E14 5EU.

2.Accounting policies

 
2.1

Basis of preparation of financial statements

The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention unless otherwise specified within these accounting policies and in accordance with Financial Reporting Standard 102, the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and the Republic of Ireland and the Companies Act 2006.

The preparation of financial statements in compliance with FRS 102 requires the use of certain critical accounting estimates. It also requires Group management to exercise judgment in applying the Group's accounting policies.

The Company has taken advantage of the exemption allowed under section 408 of the Companies Act 2006 and has not presented its own Statement of Comprehensive Income in these financial statements.

The following principal accounting policies have been applied:

  
2.2

Basis of consolidation

The consolidated financial statements present the results of the Company and its own subsidiaries ("the Group") as if they form a single entity. Intercompany transactions and balances between group companies are therefore eliminated in full.
The consolidated financial statements incorporate the results of business combinations using the purchase method. In the Statement of Financial Position, the acquiree's identifiable assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities are initially recognised at their fair values at the acquisition date. The results of acquired operations are included in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income from the date on which control is obtained. They are deconsolidated from the date control ceases.

 
2.3

Going concern

The directors have not identified any material uncertainties related to events or conditions that may cast significant doubt  about the company's ability to continue as a going concern for the foreseeable future. Therefore the financial statements have been prepared on the going concern basis. 

Page 18

 
DEMERZEL SOLUTIONS LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

2.Accounting policies (continued)

 
2.4

Foreign currency translation

Functional and presentation currency

The Company's functional and presentational currency is USD.

Transactions and balances

Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using the spot exchange rates at the dates of the transactions.

At each period end foreign currency monetary items are translated using the closing rate. Non-monetary items measured at historical cost are translated using the exchange rate at the date of the transaction and non-monetary items measured at fair value are measured using the exchange rate when fair value was determined.

Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of transactions and from the translation at period-end exchange rates of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are recognised in profit or loss except when deferred in other comprehensive income as qualifying cash flow hedges.

Foreign exchange gains and losses that relate to borrowings and cash and cash equivalents are presented in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income within 'finance income or costs'. All other foreign exchange gains and losses are presented in profit or loss within 'other operating income'.

On consolidation, the results of overseas operations are translated into Dollars at rates approximating to those ruling when the transactions took place. All assets and liabilities of overseas operations are translated at the rate ruling at the reporting date. Exchange differences arising on translating the opening net assets at opening rate and the results of overseas operations at actual rate are recognised in other comprehensive income.

Page 19

 
DEMERZEL SOLUTIONS LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

2.Accounting policies (continued)

  
2.5

Change in functional and presentational currency

The Company’s functional currency is the currency of the primary economic environment in which it operates. During the year ended 31 December 2024, the Directors reassessed the Company’s functional currency and determined that it had changed from pounds sterling (GBP) to US Dollars (USD), reflecting the increased proportion of revenues, costs and financing denominated in USD.
Accordingly, from 1 January 2024 the Company has adopted USD as its functional currency. The presentation currency of the financial statements has also been changed to USD to align with the functional currency and to provide more relevant and reliable information to users of the financial statements.
In accordance with FRS 102 Section 30 Foreign Currency Translation:
Assets and liabilities at the date of change have been translated into the new functional currency at the spot exchange rate on that date.
Comparative amounts have been restated into USD as if USD had always been the Company’s functional and presentation currency.
Exchange differences arising on the retranslation of comparatives have been recognised in equity and presented in a separate foreign exchange reserve.
The change in functional and presentation currency is a change in accounting policy applied retrospectively.

  
2.6

Turnover

Turnover is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable, net of discounts and value added taxes. Turnover includes revenue earned from the from the rendering of services, the receipt of grants and from “airdrops” which are typically the granting of digital assets/cryptographic assets for interacting with or the support of various products or ecosystems. Turnover is reduced for estimated customer returns, rebates and other similar allowances. 
Rendering of services 
Turnover from the rendering of services is recognised by reference to the stage of completion of the contract. The stage of completion of a contract is measured by comparing the costs incurred for work performed to date to the total estimated contract costs. Turnover is only recognised to the extent of recoverable expenses when the outcome of a contract cannot be estimated reliably. Turnover from grants is recognised either at the time of receipt or over time where there are specific requirements or obligations in relation to the grant. Turnover from airdrops is recognised as at the time of receipt. 

 
2.7

Interest income

Interest income is recognised in profit or loss using the effective interest method.

Page 20

 
DEMERZEL SOLUTIONS LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

2.Accounting policies (continued)

 
2.8

Pensions

Defined contribution pension plan

The Group operates a defined contribution plan for its employees. A defined contribution plan is a pension plan under which the Group pays fixed contributions into a separate entity. Once the contributions have been paid the Group has no further payment obligations.

The contributions are recognised as an expense in profit or loss when they fall due. Amounts not paid are shown in accruals as a liability in the Statement of Financial Position. The assets of the plan are held separately from the Group in independently administered funds.

 
2.9

Share-based payments

Where share options are awarded to employees, the fair value of the options at the date of grant is charged to profit or loss over the vesting period. Non-market vesting conditions are taken into account by adjusting the number of equity instruments expected to vest at each reporting date so that, ultimately, the cumulative amount recognised over the vesting period is based on the number of options that eventually vest. Market vesting conditions are factored into the fair value of the options granted. The cumulative expense is not adjusted for failure to achieve a market vesting condition.
The fair value of the award also takes into account non-vesting conditions. These are either factors beyond the control of either party (such as a target based on an index) or factors which are within the control of one or other of the parties (such as the Group keeping the scheme open or the employee maintaining any contributions required by the scheme).
Where the terms and conditions of options are modified before they vest, the increase in the fair value of the options, measured immediately before and after the modification, is also charged to profit or loss over the remaining vesting period.
Where equity instruments are granted to persons other than employees, profit or loss is charged with fair value of goods and services received.

Page 21

 
DEMERZEL SOLUTIONS LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

2.Accounting policies (continued)

  
2.10

Taxation

IIncome tax expense represents the sum of the tax currently payable and deferred tax. 
The tax currently payable is based on taxable profit for the year. Taxable profit differs from profit as reported in the statement of comprehensive income because of items of income or expense that are taxable or deductible in other years and items that are never taxable or deductible. The company's liability for current tax is calculated using tax rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period. 
Deferred tax is recognised on timing differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities in the financial statements and the corresponding tax bases used in the computation of taxable profit. Deferred tax liabilities are generally recognised for all taxable timing differences. Deferred tax assets are generally recognised for all deductible temporary differences to the extent that it is probable that taxable profits will be available against which those deductible timing differences can be utilised. The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at the end of each reporting period and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profits will be available to allow all or part of the asset to be recovered. 
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the period in which the liability is settled or the asset realised, based on tax rates (and tax laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period. Deferred tax liabilities are presented within provisions for liabilities and deferred tax assets within debtors. The measurement of deferred tax liabilities and assets reflect the tax consequences that would follow from the manner in which the Company expects, at the end of the reporting period, to recover or settle the carrying amount of its assets and liabilities. 
Current or deferred tax for the year is recognised in profit or loss, except when they related to items that are recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, in which case, the current and deferred tax is also recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity respectively.

 
2.11

Intangible Fixed Assets and Amortisation - Other Intangible

Other intangible assets are digital assets and cryptocurrencies held by the business and are measured under the revaluation model. The company considers that these digital and cryptographic assets have an indefinite life and are therefore not amortised.

 
2.12

Tangible fixed assets

Tangible fixed assets under the cost model are stated at historical cost less accumulated depreciation and any accumulated impairment losses. Historical cost includes expenditure that is directly attributable to bringing the asset to the location and condition necessary for it to be capable of operating in the manner intended by management.

Page 22

 
DEMERZEL SOLUTIONS LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

2.Accounting policies (continued)


2.12
Tangible fixed assets (continued)

Depreciation is charged so as to allocate the cost of assets less their residual value over their estimated useful lives, using the straight-line method.

Depreciation is provided on the following basis:

Computer equipment
-
5 years

The assets' residual values, useful lives and depreciation methods are reviewed, and adjusted prospectively if appropriate, or if there is an indication of a significant change since the last reporting date.

Gains and losses on disposals are determined by comparing the proceeds with the carrying amount and are recognised in profit or loss.

 
2.13

Impairment of fixed assets

Assets that are subject to depreciation or amortisation are assessed at each reporting date to determine whether there is any indication that the assets are impaired. Where there is any indication that an asset may be impaired, the carrying value of the asset (or cash-generating unit to which the asset has been allocated) is tested for impairment. An impairment loss is recognised for the amount by which the asset's carrying amount exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the higher of an asset's (or CGU's) fair value less costs to sell and value in use. For the purposes of assessing impairment, assets are grouped at the lowest levels for which there are separately identifiable cash flows (CGUs). Non-financial assets that have been previously impaired are reviewed at each reporting date to assess whether there is any indication that the impairment losses recognised in prior periods may no longer exist or may have decreased.

 
2.14

Investments

Investments in subsidiaries are measured at cost less accumulated impairment.

Investments in unlisted Group shares, whose market value can be reliably determined, are remeasured to market value at each reporting date. Gains and losses on remeasurement are recognised in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income for the period. Where market value cannot be reliably determined, such investments are stated at historic cost less impairment.

 
2.15

Cash and cash equivalents

Cash is represented by cash in hand and deposits with financial institutions repayable without penalty on notice of not more than 24 hours. Cash equivalents are highly liquid investments that mature in no more than three months from the date of acquisition and that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash with insignificant risk of change in value.

In the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows, cash and cash equivalents are shown net of bank overdrafts that are repayable on demand and form an integral part of the Group's cash management.

Page 23

 
DEMERZEL SOLUTIONS LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

3.


Turnover

An analysis of turnover by class of business is as follows:


As restated
2024
2023
$
$

Revenue from services rendered
23,080,186
13,566,225

Grant income
5,632,545
5,270,615

Staking income
2,421,763
1,486,657

31,134,494
20,323,497



Analysis of turnover by country of destination:


2024 $
As restated 2023 $

United Kingdom
1,114,289
2,303,079

Rest of Europe
203,679

Rest of World
29,816,526
18,020,418

31,134,494
20,323,497


4.


Other operating income

As restated
2024
2023
$
$

Other operating income
-
12,702

Profit on disposal of intangible assets
11,660,815
153,435

11,660,815
166,137


Page 24

 
DEMERZEL SOLUTIONS LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

5.


Operating profit

The operating profit/(loss) is stated after charging:

As restated
2024
2023
$
$

Depreciation - computer equipment
12,562
10,963

Amortisation - intangible fixed assets
12
11

Employee remuneration
2,619,622
2,707,889

Audit services
70,400
80,821

Computer software costs
1,768,948
1,044,999

Advertising & marketing
1,075,595
442,119

Travel and subsistence expenses
234,876
270,734

Exchange differences
(81,430)
176,051

Other
-
595,363


6.


Auditors' remuneration

During the year, the Group obtained the following services from the Company's auditors:


As restated
2024
2023
$
$

Fees payable to the Company's auditors for the audit of the consolidated and parent Company's financial statements
83,077
80,821

Fees payable to the Company's accountants for the preparation of the statutory consolidated fianncial statements
7,988
-

Page 25

 
DEMERZEL SOLUTIONS LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

7.


Staff costs

Group
Group
Company
Company
2024
As Restated 2023
2024
As Restated 2023
$
$
$
$

Staff salaries and wages
2,520,203
2,306,956
2,380,304
2,306,956

Directors salaries
-
5,048
-
5,048

Admin - Share based payment - bonus
1,453,147
91,668
1,453,147
91,668

Staff national insurance
293,537
274,252
293,537
274,252

Staff pension costs - defined contribution schemes
64,743
29,965
64,743
29,965

4,331,630
2,707,889
4,191,731
2,707,889


The average monthly number of employees, including the directors, during the year was as follows:


        2024
        2023
            No.
            No.







Employees
24
24


8.


Director's remuneration

As restated
2024
2023
$
$



Emoluments
131,567
119,335

131,567
119,335


9.


Income from investments

As restated
2024
2023
$
$





Dividends received from unlisted investments
(5,176)
-

(5,176)
-


Page 26

 
DEMERZEL SOLUTIONS LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

10.


Interest receivable

As restated
2024
2023
$
$


Other interest receivable
84
535

84
535


11.


Taxation


As restated
2024
2023
$
$

Corporation tax


Current tax on profits for the year
3,152,479
817,606

Adjustments in respect of previous periods
(73,210)
-


3,079,269
817,606

Foreign tax


Foreign tax on income for the year
5,326
-

5,326
-

Total current tax
3,084,595
817,606

Deferred tax


Origination and reversal of timing differences
10,951,544
-

Total deferred tax
10,951,544
-


14,036,139
817,606
Page 27

 
DEMERZEL SOLUTIONS LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024
 
11.Taxation (continued)


Factors affecting tax charge for the year

The tax assessed for the year is the same as (2023 - lower than) the standard rate of corporation tax in the UK of 25% (2023 - 23.5%). The differences are explained below:

As restated
2024
2023
$
$


Profit on ordinary activities before tax
58,460,994
15,631,917


Profit on ordinary activities multiplied by standard rate of corporation tax in the UK of 25% (2023 - 23.52%)
14,615,249
3,676,627

Effects of:


Depreciation/amortisation not allowed for tax
3,144
2,581

Expenses not deductible for tax purposes, other than goodwill amortisation and impairment
375,158
2,803

Provision adjustments
1,005
-

Capital allowances
(3,586)
(1,805)

Utilisation of tax losses brought forward
(484,598)
-

Share based payments vesting
363,287
-

Share based payments exercise
(322,592)
-

Fair market value and impairment adjustments
(11,149,071)
-

Tax credit relating to prior period
(73,210)
-

Foreign tax on income during the year
5,326
-

Movement in Deferred tax
10,951,544
-

Remeasurement – impact of change in UK tax rate
-
(2,862,600)

Other adjustments
(245,517)
-

Total tax charge for the year
14,036,139
817,606

Page 28

 
DEMERZEL SOLUTIONS LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024
 
11.Taxation (continued)


Factors that may affect future tax charges

The Group’s future tax charge and effective tax rate may be subject to volatility due to the nature of its asset base and a number of external factors, including:
• movements in the fair value of the Group’s digital assets and other volatile investments, which can give rise to taxable gains or losses that differ significantly from accounting results;
• changes in UK corporation tax rates, or wider international tax legislation, which may affect both current and deferred tax positions;
• the availability and timing of utilisation of carried-forward tax losses and other deferred tax assets, particularly where asset values fluctuate significantly;
As a result, the Group’s future effective tax rate may differ materially from the standard UK corporation tax rate.

Page 29

 
DEMERZEL SOLUTIONS LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

12.


Intangible assets

Group





Crypto currencies
Trademarks
Total

$
$
$



Cost


At 1 January 2024
1,628,407
222
1,628,629


Additions
99,945,060
-
99,945,060


Disposals
(93,759,852)
-
(93,759,852)


Revaluation surplus
(99,130)
-
(99,130)



At 31 December 2024

7,714,485
222
7,714,707



Amortisation


At 1 January 2024
-
61
61


Charge for the year on owned assets
-
12
12


Impairment charge
300,666
-
300,666



At 31 December 2024

300,666
73
300,739



Net book value



At 31 December 2024
7,413,819
149
7,413,968



At 31 December 2023
1,628,407
161
1,628,568



Page 30

 
DEMERZEL SOLUTIONS LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024
 
           12.Intangible assets (continued)

Company




Crypto currencies
Trademarks
Total

$
$
$



Cost


At 1 January 2024
1,628,407
222
1,628,629


Additions
102,946,759
-
102,946,759


Disposals
(96,761,552)
-
(96,761,552)


Revaluation surplus
(99,130)
-
(99,130)



At 31 December 2024

7,714,484
222
7,714,706



Amortisation


At 1 January 2024
-
61
61


Charge for the year
-
12
12


Impairment charge
300,666
-
300,666



At 31 December 2024

300,666
73
300,739



Net book value



At 31 December 2024
7,413,818
149
7,413,967



At 31 December 2023
1,628,407
161
1,628,568

Page 31

 
DEMERZEL SOLUTIONS LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

13.


Tangible fixed assets

Group






Leasehold improvement
Office equipment
Computer equipment
Total

$
$
$
$



Cost or valuation


At 1 January 2024
-
834
62,186
63,020


Additions
11,939
7,819
6,523
26,281



At 31 December 2024

11,939
8,653
68,709
89,301



Depreciation


At 1 January 2024
-
62
26,782
26,844


Charge for the year on owned assets
-
386
12,175
12,561



At 31 December 2024

-
448
38,957
39,405



Net book value



At 31 December 2024
11,939
8,205
29,752
49,896



At 31 December 2023
-
772
35,404
36,176

Page 32

 
DEMERZEL SOLUTIONS LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

           13.Tangible fixed assets (continued)


Company






Leasehold improvement
Office equipment
Computer equipment
Total

$
$
$
$

Cost or valuation


At 1 January 2024
-
834
62,186
63,020


Additions
11,939
7,819
6,523
26,281



At 31 December 2024

11,939
8,653
68,709
89,301



Depreciation


At 1 January 2024
-
62
26,782
26,844


Charge for the year on owned assets
-
386
12,175
12,561



At 31 December 2024

-
448
38,957
39,405



Net book value



At 31 December 2024
11,939
8,205
29,752
49,896



At 31 December 2023
-
772
35,404
36,176






Page 33

 
DEMERZEL SOLUTIONS LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

14.


Fixed asset investments

Group





Unlisted investments

$



Cost or valuation


At 1 January 2024
15,997,943


Additions
813,264


Revaluations
44,177,115



At 31 December 2024
60,988,322




Company





Investments in subsidiary companies
Unlisted investments
Total

$
$
$



Cost or valuation


At 1 January 2024
8,546,608
6,929,761
15,476,369


Additions
11
813,264
813,275


Revaluations
43,827,143
871,547
44,698,690



At 31 December 2024
52,373,762
8,614,572
60,988,334





Subsidiary undertakings


The following were subsidiary undertakings of the Company:

Name

Registered office

Class of shares

Holding

Demerzel Inc
United States of America
Ordinary
100%
Demerzel K.K
Japan
Ordinary
100%
Demerzel Pte Ltd
Singapore
Ordinary
100%
Demerzel HK Limited
Hong Kong
Ordinary
100%
Onestake Limited
United Kingdom
Ordinary
100%

Page 34

 
DEMERZEL SOLUTIONS LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024
Subsidiary undertakings (continued)

The aggregate of the share capital and reserves as at 31 December 2024 and the profit or loss for the year ended on that date for the subsidiary undertakings were as follows:

Name
Aggregate of share capital and reserves
Profit/(Loss)
$
$

Demerzel Inc
(133)
9,568

Demerzel K.K
64,839
6,019

Demerzel Pte Ltd
1
28,830

Demerzel HK Limited
10
194

Onestake Limited
8,544,146
43,452,329


15.


Debtors



Group
Group
Company
Company
2024
2023
2024
2023
$
$
$
$

Due within one year

Trade debtors
1,260,399
794,563
1,260,399
794,563

Amounts owed by group undertakings
-
-
3,000,470
521,708

Other debtors
6,829,253
2,143,886
6,829,252
2,143,886

Prepayments and accrued income
575,962
87,736
554,748
87,736

8,665,614
3,026,185
11,644,869
3,547,893



16.


Cash and cash equivalents

Group

Group
As restated
Company

Company
As restated
2024
2023
2024
2023
$
$
$
$

Cash at bank and in hand
2,966,179
1,055,427
461,479
1,055,427

2,966,179
1,055,427
461,479
1,055,427


Page 35

 
DEMERZEL SOLUTIONS LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

17.


Creditors: Amounts falling due within one year

Group

Group
As restated
Company

Company
As restated
2024
2023
2024
2023
$
$
$
$

Trade creditors
1,799,568
1,128,318
1,755,941
1,128,318

Amounts owed to group undertakings
-
-
41,582
-

Corporation tax
3,195,078
1,148,825
3,192,752
1,148,825

Other taxation and social security
114,893
18,828
114,893
18,828

Other creditors
135,809
73,027
137,426
73,028

Accruals and deferred income
693,042
1,960,187
693,042
1,960,187

5,938,390
4,329,185
5,935,636
4,329,186



18.


Deferred taxation


Group



2024


$






Charged to profit or loss
(10,976,327)


Charged to other comprehensive income
24,783



At end of year
(10,951,544)

Page 36

 
DEMERZEL SOLUTIONS LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024
 
18.Deferred taxation (continued)

Company


2024


$






Charged to profit or loss
(10,976,327)


Charged to other comprehensive income
24,783



At end of year
(10,951,544)

Group
Company
2024
2024
$
$

Accelerated capital allowances
9,489
9,489

Timing differences on items profit and loss
(10,985,816)
(10,985,816)

Timing differences on items of OCI
24,783
24,783

(10,951,544)
(10,951,544)


19.


Share capital

As restated
2024
2023
$
$
Authorised, allotted, called up and fully paid



1,935,700 (2023 - 1,434,800)  Ordinary shares shares of $0.0001 per share
194
143




Page 37

 
DEMERZEL SOLUTIONS LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

20.


Share-based payments

The company operates a share-based payment scheme for its employees and contractors. 
Employees and contractors may be granted share options in the company as part of the employee/contractor share scheme. The options are granted with a fixed exercise price, vest over a period of 4 years, with a 12 month cliff, are exercisable upon vesting and expire 10 years after the date of grant or upon 90 days in the case of leaving employees/contractors. The options are equity settled. Employees are required to remain in employment and Contractors need to have an ongoing contract with the company, until exercise, otherwise the outstanding (non-vested) awards lapse. On exercise of the options by the employees, the company issues new B class shares. The (issued) B class shares are entitled to dividends should the company announce them. 
A reconciliation of share option movements over the year to 31 December 2024 is shown below: 

Weighted average exercise price (pence)
2024
Number
2024
Weighted average exercise price
(pence)
2023
Number
2023

Outstanding at the beginning of the year

0.001

98,552

 
-
 
Granted during the year

1.030

88,837

0.001
 
125,031
 
Exercised during the year

0.002

(25,830)

0.001
 
(26,479)
 
Outstanding at the end of the year

161,559

 
98,552
 




The group is unable to directly measure the fair value of employee services received. Instead, the fair value of the share options granted during the year is determined using the Black-Scholes model. The model is internationally recognised as being appropriate to value employee share schemes similar to the scheme.
 
The total charge for the year was $1,453,147 (2023: $91,668).


21.


Pension commitments

The company operates a defined contribution pension scheme. The assets of the scheme are held separately from those of the company in an independently administered fund. 
During the year the charge to profit or loss in respect of defined contribution schemes was $64,743 (2023: $29,965).
 
At the balance sheet date contributions of $39,113 were due to the fund and are included in creditors. 

Page 38

 
DEMERZEL SOLUTIONS LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

22.


Post balance sheet events

The Company owns a significant amount of digital assets that can be subject to large swings in value that are economically inefficient or difficult to hedge. Subsequent to the year end, the Company has seen the value of these digital assets move significantly in both directions. 


23.


Controlling party

The ultimate controlling party of Demerzel Solutions Limited is Mr Tomasz Kajetan Stanczak by virtue of his shareholdings.

 
Page 39