Company No: 08338941 (England and Wales)

Contents

• Balance Sheet
• Notes to the Financial Statements

	Note	2024		2023
		£		£
Fixed assets
Tangible assets	4	134,202		161,056
		134,202		161,056
Current assets
Debtors	5	615,445		600,770
Cash at bank and in hand		20,046		32,830
		635,491		633,600
Creditors: amounts falling due within one year	6	( 63,106)		( 40,803)
Net current assets		572,385		592,797
Total assets less current liabilities		706,587		753,853
Creditors: amounts falling due after more than one year	7	( 10,883)		( 20,640)
Provision for liabilities		( 17,686)		( 31,542)
Net assets		678,018		701,671
Capital and reserves
Called-up share capital	8	2		2
Profit and loss account		678,016		701,669
Total shareholders' funds		678,018		701,671

For the financial year ending 31 December 2024 the Company was entitled to exemption from audit under section 477 of the Companies Act 2006 relating to small companies.

Directors' responsibilities:

• The members have not required the Company to obtain an audit of its financial statements for the financial year in accordance with section 476;
• The directors acknowledge their responsibilities for complying with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006 with respect to accounting records and the preparation of financial statements; and
• These financial statements have been prepared and delivered in accordance with the provisions applicable to companies subject to the small companies regime and a copy of the Statement of Income and Retained Earnings has not been delivered.

The financial statements of Doshi Levien Limited (registered number: 08338941) were approved and authorised for issue by the Board of Directors on 01 October 2025. They were signed on its behalf by:

N Doshi Director

1. Accounting policies

The principal accounting policies are summarised below. They have all been applied consistently throughout the financial year and to the preceding financial year, unless otherwise stated.

General information and basis of accounting

Doshi Levien Limited (the Company) is a private company, limited by shares, incorporated in the United Kingdom under the Companies Act 2006 and is registered in England and Wales. The address of the Company's registered office is 49 Columbia Road, London, E2 7RG, United Kingdom.

The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention, modified to include certain items at fair value, and in accordance with Section 1A of Financial Reporting Standard 102 (FRS 102) ‘The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland’ issued by the Financial Reporting Council and the requirements of the Companies Act 2006 as applicable to companies subject to the small companies regime.

The financial statements are presented in pounds sterling which is the functional currency of the Company and rounded to the nearest £.

Foreign currency

Transactions in foreign currencies are recorded at the rate of exchange at the date of the transaction. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies at the Balance Sheet date are reported at the rates of exchange prevailing at that date.

Exchange differences are recognised in the Statement of Income and Retained Earnings in the period in which they arise except for exchange differences arising on gains or losses on non-monetary items which are recognised in the Statement of Comprehensive Income.

Turnover

Turnover is stated net of VAT and trade discounts and is recognised when the significant risks and rewards are considered to have been transferred to the buyer. Turnover from the supply of services represents the value of services provided under contracts to the extent that there is a right to consideration and is recorded at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable. Where a contract has only been partially completed at the Balance Sheet date turnover represents the fair value of the service provided to date based on the stage of completion of the contract activity at the Balance Sheet date. Where payments are received from customers in advance of services provided, the amounts are recorded as deferred income and included as part of creditors due within one year.

Taxation

Current tax
Current tax is provided at amounts expected to be paid (or recoverable) using the tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted at the Balance Sheet date.

Deferred tax
Deferred tax arises as a result of including items of income and expenditure in taxation computations in periods different from those in which they are included in the Company's financial statements. Deferred tax is provided in full on timing differences which result in an obligation to pay more or less tax at a future date, at the average tax rates that are expected to apply when the timing differences reverse, based on current tax rates and laws. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are not discounted.

The carrying amount of deferred tax assets are reviewed at each reporting date and a valuation allowance is set up against deferred tax assets so that the net carrying amount equals the highest amount that is more likely than not to be recovered based on current or future taxable profit.

Intangible assets

Intangible assets are stated at cost or valuation, net of amortisation and any provision for impairment. Amortisation is provided on all intangible assets at rates to write off the cost or valuation of each asset over its expected useful life as follows:

Goodwill

10 years straight line

Goodwill

Goodwill arises on business combination and represents any excess of consideration given over the fair value of the identifiable assets and liabilities acquired. Goodwill is initially recognised as an intangible asset at cost and is subsequently measured at cost less accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses. Goodwill is amortised on a straight line basis over its useful economic life, which is 10 years.

Research and development

Research expenditure is written off as incurred. Development expenditure is also written off, except where the directors are satisfied as to the technical, commercial and financial viability of individual projects. In such cases, the identifiable expenditure is capitalised as an intangible asset and amortised over the period during which the Company is expected to benefit. This period is between three and five years. Provision is made for any impairment.

Tangible fixed assets

Tangible fixed assets are stated at cost or valuation, net of depreciation and any provision for impairment. Depreciation is provided on all tangible fixed assets, other than investment property and freehold land, at rates calculated to write off the cost or valuation, less estimated residual value, of each asset on a straight-line or reducing balance basis over its expected useful life, as follows:

Leasehold improvements	10 years straight line
Vehicles	5 years straight line
Fixtures and fittings	25 % reducing balance
Computer equipment	25 % reducing balance

Residual value represents the estimated amount which would currently be obtained from disposal of an asset, after deducting estimated costs of disposal, if the asset were already of the age and in the condition expected at the end of its useful life.

The gain or loss arising on the disposal of an asset is determined as the difference between the sale proceeds and the carrying value of the asset, and is credited or charged to profit or loss.

Impairment of assets

Assets, other than those measured at fair value, are assessed for indicators of impairment at each Balance Sheet date. If there is objective evidence of impairment, an impairment loss is recognised in the Statement of Income and Retained Earnings as described below.

Non-financial assets
At each balance sheet date, the company reviews its tangible and intangible assets to determine whether there is any indication that those assets have suffered an impairment loss.

If any such indication exists, the recoverable amount of the asset is estimated in order to determine the extent of the impairment loss (if any). The recoverable amount of an asset is the higher of its fair value less costs to sell and its value in use. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset for which the estimates of future cash flows have not been adjusted.

Where it is not possible to estimate the recoverable amount of an individual asset, the company estimates the recoverable amount of the cash-generating unit to which the asset belongs. An impairment loss is recognised immediately in profit or loss, unless the relevant asset is carried at a revalued amount, in which case the impairment loss is treated as a revaluation decrease.

Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents are basic financial assets and include cash in hand, deposits held at call with banks, other short-term liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less, and bank overdrafts. Bank overdrafts are shown within borrowings in creditors: amounts falling due within one year.

Financial instruments

Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognised when the Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument.

Financial liabilities and equity instruments are classified according to the substance of the contractual arrangements entered into. An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of the Company after deducting all of its liabilities.

Financial assets and liabilities are only offset in the Balance Sheet when, and only when there exists a legally enforceable right to set off the recognised amounts and the Company intends either to settle on a net basis, or to realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.

Basic financial assets
Basic financial assets, which include debtors and cash and bank balances, are initially measured at transaction price including transaction costs and are subsequently carried at amortised cost using the effective interest method unless the arrangement constitutes a financing transaction, where the transaction is measured at the present value of the future receipts discounted at a market rate of interest. Financial assets classified as receivable within one year are not amortised.

Financial assets are derecognised when and only when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the financial asset expire or are settled, or the Company transfers to another party substantially all of the risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset, or the Company, despite having retained some, but not all, significant risks and rewards of ownership, has transferred control of the asset to another party.

Basic financial liabilities
Basic financial liabilities, including creditors, bank loans, loans from fellow group companies and preference shares that are classified as debt, are initially recognised at transaction price unless the arrangement constitutes a financing transaction, where the debt instrument is measured at the present value of the future payments discounted at a market rate of interest. Financial liabilities classified as payable within one year are not amortised.

Debt instruments are subsequently carried at amortised cost, using the effective interest rate method.

Trade creditors are obligations to pay for goods or services that have been acquired in the ordinary course of business from suppliers. Amounts payable are classified as current liabilities if payment is due within one year or less. If not, they are presented as non-current liabilities. Trade creditors are recognised initially at transaction price and subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method.

Financial liabilities are derecognised when the company’s contractual obligations expire or are discharged or cancelled.

Equity instruments
Equity instruments issued by the Company are recorded at the fair value of cash or other resources received or receivable, net of direct issue costs. If payment is deferred and the time value of money is material, the initial measurement is on a present value basis. Dividends payable on equity instruments are recognised as liabilities once they are no longer at the discretion of the Company.

Provisions

Provisions are recognised when the Company has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, it is probable that the Company will be required to settle that obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation.

The amount recognised as a provision is the best estimate of the consideration required to settle the present obligation at the Balance Sheet date, taking into account the risks and uncertainties surrounding the obligation. Where a provision is measured using the cash flows estimated to settle the present obligation, its carrying amount is the present value of those cash flows (when the effect of the time value of money is material).

When some or all of the economic benefits required to settle a provision are expected to be recovered from a third party, a receivable is recognised as an asset if it is virtually certain that reimbursement will be received and the amount of the receivable can be measured reliably.

2. Employees

	2024		2023
	Number		Number
Monthly average number of persons employed by the Company during the year, including directors	4		4

3. Intangible assets

	Goodwill		Total
	£		£
Cost
At 01 January 2024	120,000		120,000
At 31 December 2024	120,000		120,000
Accumulated amortisation
At 01 January 2024	120,000		120,000
At 31 December 2024	120,000		120,000
Net book value
At 31 December 2024	0		0
At 31 December 2023	0		0

4. Tangible assets

	Leasehold improve- ments		Vehicles		Fixtures and fittings		Computer equipment		Total
	£		£		£		£		£
Cost
At 01 January 2024	26,787		65,651		141,228		40,976		274,642
Additions	0		0		11,386		3,896		15,282
Disposals	0		0		( 24,380)		( 499)		( 24,879)
At 31 December 2024	26,787		65,651		128,234		44,373		265,045
Accumulated depreciation
At 01 January 2024	1,082		29,638		55,900		26,966		113,586
Charge for the financial year	2,679		13,130		22,458		3,869		42,136
Disposals	0		0		( 24,380)		( 499)		( 24,879)
At 31 December 2024	3,761		42,768		53,978		30,336		130,843
Net book value
At 31 December 2024	23,026		22,883		74,256		14,037		134,202
At 31 December 2023	25,705		36,013		85,328		14,010		161,056

5. Debtors

	2024		2023
	£		£
Trade debtors	37,765		49,020
Amounts owed by Group undertakings	399,481		413,981
Corporation tax	17,338		0
Other debtors	160,861		137,769
	615,445		600,770

6. Creditors: amounts falling due within one year

	2024		2023
	£		£
Bank loans	9,758		9,489
Trade creditors	12,863		3,122
Taxation and social security	37,985		23,575
Other creditors	2,500		4,617
	63,106		40,803

7. Creditors: amounts falling due after more than one year

	2024		2023
	£		£
Bank loans	10,883		20,640

8. Called-up share capital

	2024		2023
	£		£
Allotted, called-up and fully-paid
2 Ordinary shares of £ 1.00 each	2		2

9. Related party transactions

Transactions with the entity's directors

	2024		2023
	£		£
Director	51,372		0

During the year the director owed money to the business, of which interest was charged on a average rate of 2.25%,