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Registered number: 01280198









P.J. THORY LIMITED

ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2025






































Whitings LLP
Chartered Accountants
Fenland House
15B Hostmoor Avenue
March
Cambridgeshire
PE15 0AX

 
P.J. THORY LIMITED
 
 
COMPANY INFORMATION


Directors
Mr J P Thory 
Mr T D Thory 




Registered number
01280198



Registered office
White Walls
Eldernell Lane

Coates

Whittlesey

Peterborough

PE7 2DD




Independent auditors
Whitings LLP
Chartered Accountants

Fenland House

15B Hostmoor Avenue

March

Cambridgeshire

PE15 0AX





 
P.J. THORY LIMITED
 

CONTENTS



Page
Strategic report
1 - 2
Directors' report
3 - 4
Independent auditors' report
5 - 8
Statement of comprehensive income
9
Balance sheet
10 - 11
Statement of changes in equity
12
Notes to the financial statements
13 - 32


 
P.J. THORY LIMITED
 
 
STRATEGIC REPORT
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2025

Introduction
 
The company's principal activities during the year continued to be that of haulage contractors, general building materials merchants and plant contractors.

Business review
 
The directors wish to present a balanced and comprehensive review of the development and performance of the business during the year and its position at the end of the year. Their review is consistent with the size and nature of the business and is written in the context of risks and uncertainties faced. 
Despite challenging market conditions, the Company had a positive outcome from a business opportunity resulting in an increase in turnover and profit for the reported year.  The directors are satisfied with the financial performance of the company given the continued investment in plant, equipment and its fleet and is clearly demonstrated from the increase in EBITDA compared to the previous year, rising from £2.41mil to £3.62mil in the current year. Despite these promising developments the directors remain cautious in light of the tumultuous economic and political environment which could have a negative impact on the company and the industry going forwards.

Principal risks and uncertainties
 
Competitive markets - The company operates in highly competitive markets, which is subject to external political factors such as high level health and safety regulations and changes in commodity prices affecting both customers and suppliers of the group. The company manages these risks by agreeing terms with its main suppliers and maintaining strong relationships with a wide range of customers by providing a range of value added services which should provide some stability.
 
Fuel costs - a significant cost to the company, fuel prices and supply levels can be significantly influenced by
international, political and economic circumstances resulting in higher prices, increased volatility of prices, supply
restrictions, shortages or interruptions which could adversely affect the company's operations. Furthermore, the
company may be unable to pass these costs on to customers. The board continually monitor risk and seek out the best price possible from its suppliers to ensure that this significant cost to the company does not significantly erode margins.
 
Driver costs - another significant cost to the company, wages rates and general availability of labour can be affected by shortages experienced as a result of macroeconomic factors. The board seek to mitigate the impact this has on the company by offering its drivers competitive remuneration packages.
 
Regulation - the company operates in industries which are subject to numerous laws and regulations covering a
wide range of matters including health & safety, employment (including working time, wages and legislation
covering mandatory breaks) and other operating issues, in particular the Goods Vehicles (Licensing of
Operators) Act 1995. The board have implemented operational policies and procedures to ensure compliance
with existing laws and regulations, as well as implementing procedures to monitor changes.
As mentioned in the business review, the directors remain cautious in light of the tumultuous economic and political environment which could have a negative impact on the company and the industry going forwards. The directors remain vigilant to how this may impact the business in the short and long term and will seek to take appropriate actions to minimise the business impact going forwards whilst continuing to meet customer demand.

Page 1

 
P.J. THORY LIMITED
 

STRATEGIC REPORT (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2025

Financial key performance indicators
 
Due to the nature of trade, the directors monitor turnover, gross profit, gross margin and cash at bank as the Key Performance Indicators (KPI's) to measure performance of the company and report that:
Turnover for the year has increased by 36% (2024 - decreased by 7.6%) from £22.18mil to £30.17mil.
Gross profit has increased by 61.1% (2024 - increased by 1.6%) from £3,783,801 to £6,094,954.
Gross profit margin is 20.2% (2024 - 17.1%).
Cash in bank at the year end totals £55,132 (2024 - £22,830).


This report was approved by the board and signed on its behalf.



................................................
Mr J P Thory
Director

Date: 22 October 2025

Page 2

 
P.J. THORY LIMITED
 
 
 
DIRECTORS' REPORT
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2025

The directors present their report and the financial statements for the year ended 31 March 2025.

Directors' responsibilities statement

The directors are responsible for preparing the Strategic report, the Directors' report and the financial statements in accordance with applicable law and regulations.
 
Company law requires the directors to prepare financial statements for each financial year. Under that law the directors have elected to prepare the financial statements in accordance with applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice), including Financial Reporting Standard 102 ‘The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland'. Under company law the directors must not approve the financial statements unless they are satisfied that they give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the Company and of the profit or loss of the Company for that period.

 In preparing these financial statements, the directors are required to:


select suitable accounting policies for the Company's financial statements and then apply them consistently;

make judgments and accounting estimates that are reasonable and prudent;

state whether applicable UK Accounting Standards have been followed, subject to any material departures disclosed and explained in the financial statements;

prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that the Company will continue in business.

The directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that are sufficient to show and explain the Company's transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the Company and to enable them to ensure that the financial statements comply with the Companies Act 2006They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the Company and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities.

Results and dividends

The profit for the year, after taxation, amounted to £989,653 (2024 - £139,179).

The company paid a dividend of £1,400,000 in the year (2024 - £340,000).
The directors do not recommend the payment of a final dividend for the year (2024: £NIL).

Directors

The directors who served during the year were:

Mr J P Thory 
Mr T D Thory 

Future developments

There are no future developments in the Company that would require disclosure in the accounts. With the exception of those referenced within the post balance sheet events section of the Directors' Report.

Page 3

 
P.J. THORY LIMITED
 
 
 
DIRECTORS' REPORT (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2025

Disclosure of information to auditors

Each of the persons who are directors at the time when this Directors' report is approved has confirmed that:
 
so far as the director is aware, there is no relevant audit information of which the Company's auditors are unaware, and

the director has taken all the steps that ought to have been taken as a director in order to be aware of any relevant audit information and to establish that the Company's auditors are aware of that information.

Post balance sheet events

Post year end the P J Thory Group underwent a restructuring exercise leading to the company and its fellow subsidiary Gemmix Limited being demerged from the group. The ultimate parent company is now T & J Holdings Ltd.

Auditors

The auditorsWhitings LLPwill be proposed for reappointment in accordance with section 485 of the Companies Act 2006.

This report was approved by the board and signed on its behalf.
 





................................................
Mr J P Thory
Director

Date: 22 October 2025

Page 4

 
P.J. THORY LIMITED
 
 
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF P.J. THORY LIMITED
 

Opinion


We have audited the financial statements of P.J. Thory Limited (the 'Company') for the year ended 31 March 2025, which comprise the Statement of comprehensive income, the Balance sheet, the Statement of changes in equity and the related notes, including a summary of significant accounting policiesThe financial reporting framework that has been applied in their preparation is applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards, including Financial Reporting Standard 102 ‘The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland' (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice).


In our opinion the financial statements:


give a true and fair view of the state of the Company's affairs as at 31 March 2025 and of its profit for the year then ended;
have been properly prepared in accordance with United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice; and
have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006.


Basis for opinion


We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and applicable law. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditors' responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements section of our report. We are independent of the Company in accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in the United Kingdom, including the Financial Reporting Council's Ethical Standard and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.


Conclusions relating to going concern


In auditing the financial statements, we have concluded that the directors' use of the going concern basis of accounting in the preparation of the financial statements is appropriate.


Based on the work we have performed, we have not identified any material uncertainties relating to events or conditions that, individually or collectively, may cast significant doubt on the Company's ability to continue as a going concern for a period of at least twelve months from when the financial statements are authorised for issue.


Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of the directors with respect to going concern are described in the relevant sections of this report.


Page 5

 
P.J. THORY LIMITED
 
 
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF P.J. THORY LIMITED (CONTINUED)


Other information


The other information comprises the information included in the Annual Report other than the financial statements and our Auditors' report thereon. The directors are responsible for the other information contained within the Annual ReportOur opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and, except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in our report, we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon. Our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the course of the audit, or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If we identify such material inconsistencies or apparent material misstatements, we are required to determine whether this gives rise to a material misstatement in the financial statements themselves. If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact.


We have nothing to report in this regard.


Opinion on other matters prescribed by the Companies Act 2006
 

In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of the audit:


the information given in the Strategic report and the Directors' report for the financial year for which the financial statements are prepared is consistent with the financial statements; and
the Strategic report and the Directors' report have been prepared in accordance with applicable legal requirements.


Matters on which we are required to report by exception
 

In the light of the knowledge and understanding of the Company and its environment obtained in the course of the audit, we have not identified material misstatements in the Strategic report or the Directors' report.


We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters in relation to which the Companies Act 2006 requires us to report to you if, in our opinion:


adequate accounting records have not been kept, or returns adequate for our audit have not been received from branches not visited by us; or
the financial statements are not in agreement with the accounting records and returns; or
certain disclosures of directors' remuneration specified by law are not made; or
we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit.


Responsibilities of directors
 

As explained more fully in the Directors' responsibilities statement set out on page 3, the directors are responsible for the preparation of the financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair view, and for such internal control as the directors determine is necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.


In preparing the financial statements, the directors are responsible for assessing the Company's ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the directors either intend to liquidate the Company or to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so.


Page 6

 
P.J. THORY LIMITED
 
 
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF P.J. THORY LIMITED (CONTINUED)


Auditors' responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements
 

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an Auditors' report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements.


We design procedures in line with our responsibilities, outlined above, to detect material misstatements in respect of irregularities, including fraud. The extent to which our procedures are capable of detecting irregularities, including fraud is detailed below:

• We obtained an understanding of the legal and regulatory frameworks that are applicable to the Company and determined that the most significant are those that relate to the reporting frameworks (FRS 102 and Companies Act 2006) and the relevant tax compliance regulations in the jurisdictions in which the Company operates;
• We communicated relevant laws and regulations and potential fraud risks to all engagement team members and remained alert to any indications of fraud or non-compliance with laws and regulations throughout the audit;
• We enquired of management and those charged with governance, concerning the Company's policies and procedures relating to: 
- the identification, evaluation and compliance with laws and regulations; and 
- the detection and response to the risks of fraud. 
• We enquired of management and those charged with governance, whether they were aware of any instances of non-compliance with laws and regulations or whether they had any knowledge of actual, suspected or alleged fraud;
• We focused on specific laws and regulations which we considered may have a direct material effect on the financial statements or the operations of the company, including the Companies Act 2006, Goods Vehicles (licensing of Operators) Act 1995, taxation legislation, General Data Protection Regulation, employment, health and safety legislation; 
• We corroborated the results of our enquires to relevant supporting documentation;
• We assessed the susceptibility of the Company’s financial statements to material misstatement, including how fraud might occur and the risk of management override of controls. Audit procedures performed by the engagement team included:
- evaluation of the programs and controls established to address the risks related to irregularities and fraud; 
- testing journal entries, in particular journal entries relating to management estimates and entries determined to be large or relating to unusual transactions; 
- challenging assumptions and judgements made by management in its significant accounting estimates; 
- identifying and testing related party transactions.
• These audit procedures were designed to provide reasonable assurance that the financial statements were free from fraud or error. The risk of not detecting a material misstatement due to fraud is higher than the risk of not detecting one resulting from error and detecting irregularities that result from fraud is inherently more difficult than detecting those that result from error, as fraud may involve collusion, deliberate concealment, forgery or intentional misrepresentations. Also, the further removed non-compliance with laws and regulations is from events and transactions reflected in the financial statements, the less likely we would become aware of it; 

• The engagement partner’s assessment of the appropriateness of the collective competence and capabilities of
Page 7

 
P.J. THORY LIMITED
 
 
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF P.J. THORY LIMITED (CONTINUED)


the engagement team included consideration of the engagement team's: 
- understanding of, and practical experience with audit engagements of a similar nature and complexity through appropriate training and participation; 
- knowledge of the industry in which the client operates; 
- understanding of the legal and regulatory requirements specific to the Company including: - the provisions of the applicable legislation; 
- the regulators' rules and related guidance, including guidance issued by relevant authorities that interprets those rules; 
- the applicable statutory provisions. 
• In assessing the potential risks of material misstatement, we obtained an understanding of: 
- the Company's operations, including the nature of its revenue sources and of its objectives and strategies to understand the classes of transactions, account balances, expected financial statement disclosures and business risks that may result in risks of material misstatement; 
- the applicable statutory provisions; 
- the Company's control environment, including the policies and procedures implemented to comply with the requirements of its regulator, the adequacy of procedures for authorisation of transactions, internal review procedures over the Company's compliance with regulatory requirements.


Because of the inherent limitations of an audit, there is a risk that we will not detect all irregularities, including those leading to a material misstatement in the financial statements or non-compliance with regulation. This risk increases the more that compliance with a law or regulation is removed from the events and transactions reflected in the financial statements, as we will be less likely to become aware of instances of non-compliance. The risk is also greater regarding irregularities occurring due to fraud rather than error, as fraud involves intentional concealment, forgery, collusion, omission or misrepresentation.


A further description of our responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements is located on the Financial Reporting Council's website at: www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities. This description forms part of our Auditors' report.


Use of our report
 

This report is made solely to the Company's members, as a body, in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of the Companies Act 2006Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the Company's members those matters we are required to state to them in an Auditors' report and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other than the Company and the Company's members, as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we have formed.





Ben Beech ACA (Senior statutory auditor)
for and on behalf of
Whitings LLP
Chartered Accountants
Fenland House
15B Hostmoor Avenue
March
Cambridgeshire
PE15 0AX

22 October 2025
Page 8

 
P.J. THORY LIMITED
 
 
STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2025

2025
2024
Note
£
£

  

Turnover
 4 
30,168,117
22,176,940

Cost of sales
  
(24,073,163)
(18,393,139)

Gross profit
  
6,094,954
3,783,801

Administrative expenses
  
(4,391,748)
(3,090,740)

Other operating income
 5 
51,174
15,000

Operating profit
 6 
1,754,380
708,061

Interest receivable and similar income
 10 
8,808
7,761

Interest payable and similar expenses
 11 
(391,695)
(331,437)

Profit before tax
  
1,371,493
384,385

Tax on profit
 12 
(381,840)
(245,206)

Profit for the financial year
  
£989,653
£139,179

There were no recognised gains and losses for 2025 or 2024 other than those included in the statement of comprehensive income.

There was no other comprehensive income for 2025 (2024:£NIL).

The notes on pages 13 to 32 form part of these financial statements.

Page 9

 
P.J. THORY LIMITED
REGISTERED NUMBER: 01280198

BALANCE SHEET
AS AT 31 MARCH 2025

2025
2024
Note
£
£

Fixed assets
  

Tangible assets
 14 
9,248,869
7,445,118

  
9,248,869
7,445,118

Current assets
  

Stocks
 15 
2,805,218
2,391,862

Debtors
 16 
8,286,973
4,972,879

Current asset investments
 17 
-
10,302

Cash at bank and in hand
 18 
55,132
22,830

  
11,147,323
7,397,873

Creditors: amounts falling due within one year
 19 
(8,803,705)
(5,420,892)

Net current assets
  
 
 
2,343,618
 
 
1,976,981

Total assets less current liabilities
  
11,592,487
9,422,099

Creditors: amounts falling due after more than one year
 20 
(5,279,601)
(2,944,161)

Provisions for liabilities
  

Deferred tax
 24 
(1,417,430)
(1,172,135)

  
 
 
(1,417,430)
 
 
(1,172,135)

Net assets
  
£4,895,456
£5,305,803

Page 10

 
P.J. THORY LIMITED
REGISTERED NUMBER: 01280198
    
BALANCE SHEET (CONTINUED)
AS AT 31 MARCH 2025

2025
2024
Note
£
£

Capital and reserves
  

Called up share capital 
 25 
21,060
21,060

Share premium account
 26 
4,219
4,219

Profit and loss account
 26 
4,870,177
5,280,524

  
£4,895,456
£5,305,803


The financial statements were approved and authorised for issue by the board and were signed on its behalf by: 




................................................
Mr J P Thory
Director

Date: 22 October 2025

The notes on pages 13 to 32 form part of these financial statements.

Page 11

 
P.J. THORY LIMITED
 

STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2025


Called up share capital
Share premium account
Profit and loss account
Total equity

£
£
£
£


At 1 April 2023
21,060
4,219
5,481,345
5,506,624



Profit for the year
-
-
139,179
139,179

Dividends: Equity capital
£-
£-
£(340,000)
£(340,000)



At 1 April 2024
21,060
4,219
5,280,524
5,305,803



Profit for the year
-
-
989,653
989,653


Contributions by and distributions to owners

Dividends: Equity capital
-
-
(1,400,000)
(1,400,000)


At 31 March 2025
£21,060
£4,219
£4,870,177
£4,895,456


The notes on pages 13 to 32 form part of these financial statements.

Page 12

 
P.J. THORY LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2025

1.


General information

P.J. Thory Limited is a private company limited by shares. The company was incorporated in England and Wales with registration number 01280198. The registered office is White Walls, Eldernell Lane, Coates Whittlesey, Peterborough, PE7 2DD. 

2.Accounting policies

 
2.1

Basis of preparation of financial statements

The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention unless otherwise specified within these accounting policies and in accordance with Financial Reporting Standard 102, the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and the Republic of Ireland and the Companies Act 2006.

The preparation of financial statements in compliance with FRS 102 requires the use of certain critical accounting estimates. It also requires management to exercise judgment in applying the Company's accounting policies (see note 3).

The following principal accounting policies have been applied:

 
2.2

Financial Reporting Standard 102 - reduced disclosure exemptions

The Company has taken advantage of the following disclosure exemptions in preparing these financial statements, as permitted by the FRS 102 "The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland":
the requirements of Section 7 Statement of Cash Flows;
the requirements of Section 3 Financial Statement Presentation paragraph 3.17(d).

This information is included in the consolidated financial statements of P J Thory Holdings Limited as at 31 March 2025 and these financial statements may be obtained from Whitewalls, Eldernell Lane, Coates, Whittlesey, Peterborough, PE7 2DD..

Page 13

 
P.J. THORY LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2025

2.Accounting policies (continued)

 
2.3

Revenue

Revenue is recognised to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the revenue can be reliably measured. Revenue is measured as the fair value of the consideration received or receivable, excluding discounts, rebates, value added tax and other sales taxes. The following criteria must also be met before revenue is recognised:

Sale of goods

Revenue from the sale of goods is recognised when all of the following conditions are satisfied:
the Company has transferred the significant risks and rewards of ownership to the buyer;
the Company retains neither continuing managerial involvement to the degree usually associated with ownership nor effective control over the goods sold;
the amount of revenue can be measured reliably;
it is probable that the Company will receive the consideration due under the transaction; and
the costs incurred or to be incurred in respect of the transaction can be measured reliably.

Rendering of services

Revenue from a contract to provide services is recognised in the period in which the services are provided in accordance with the stage of completion of the contract when all of the following conditions are satisfied:
the amount of revenue can be measured reliably;
it is probable that the Company will receive the consideration due under the contract;
the stage of completion of the contract at the end of the reporting period can be measured reliably; and
the costs incurred and the costs to complete the contract can be measured reliably.

Services include work done by the Company for the Company in relation to site preparation work with a corresponding entry to cost of sales. See also accounting policy 2.13 relating to site works carried out on own developments.

 
2.4

Operating leases: the Company as lessee

Rentals paid under operating leases are charged to profit or loss on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

 
2.5

Leased assets: the Company as lessee

Assets obtained under hire purchase contracts and finance leases are capitalised as tangible fixed assets. Assets acquired by finance lease are depreciated over the shorter of the lease term and their useful lives. Assets acquired by hire purchase are depreciated over their useful lives. Finance leases are those where substantially all of the benefits and risks of ownership are assumed by the company. Obligations under such agreements are included in creditors net of the finance charge allocated to future periods. The finance element of the rental payment is charged to profit or loss so as to produce a constant periodic rate of charge on the net obligation outstanding in each period.

Page 14

 
P.J. THORY LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2025

2.Accounting policies (continued)

 
2.6

Interest income

Interest income is recognised in profit or loss using the effective interest method.

 
2.7

Finance costs

Finance costs are charged to profit or loss over the term of the debt using the effective interest method so that the amount charged is at a constant rate on the carrying amount. Issue costs are initially recognised as a reduction in the proceeds of the associated capital instrument.

 
2.8

Borrowing costs

All borrowing costs are recognised in profit or loss in the year in which they are incurred.

 
2.9

Pensions

Defined contribution pension plan

The Company operates a defined contribution plan for its employees. A defined contribution plan is a pension plan under which the Company pays fixed contributions into a separate entity. Once the contributions have been paid the Company has no further payment obligations.

The contributions are recognised as an expense in profit or loss when they fall due. Amounts not paid are shown in accruals as a liability in the Balance sheet. The assets of the plan are held separately from the Company in independently administered funds.

 
2.10

Current and deferred taxation

The tax expense for the year comprises current and deferred tax. Tax is recognised in profit or loss except that a charge attributable to an item of income and expense recognised as other comprehensive income or to an item recognised directly in equity is also recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity respectively.

The current income tax charge is calculated on the basis of tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date in the countries where the Company operates and generates income.

Deferred tax balances are recognised in respect of all timing differences that have originated but not reversed by the balance sheet date, except that:
The recognition of deferred tax assets is limited to the extent that it is probable that they will be recovered against the reversal of deferred tax liabilities or other future taxable profits; and
Any deferred tax balances are reversed if and when all conditions for retaining associated tax allowances have been met.

Deferred tax balances are not recognised in respect of permanent differences except in respect of business combinations, when deferred tax is recognised on the differences between the fair values of assets acquired and the future tax deductions available for them and the differences between the fair values of liabilities acquired and the amount that will be assessed for tax. Deferred tax is determined using tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date.


Page 15

 
P.J. THORY LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2025

2.Accounting policies (continued)

 
2.11

Tangible fixed assets

Tangible fixed assets under the cost model are stated at historical cost less accumulated depreciation and any accumulated impairment losses. Historical cost includes expenditure that is directly attributable to bringing the asset to the location and condition necessary for it to be capable of operating in the manner intended by management.

Depreciation is charged so as to allocate the cost of assets less their residual value over their estimated useful lives, using the straight-line method and reducing balance method..

Depreciation is provided on the following basis:

Freehold property
-
0 and 4% straight-line and 15% reducing balance
Short-term leasehold property
-
33.33% straight-line.
Plant and machinery
-
15% reducing balance
Motor vehicles
-
25% reducing balance
Fixtures, fittings & Office Equipment
-
33.33% straight-line and 15% + 20% reducing balance

The assets' residual values, useful lives and depreciation methods are reviewed, and adjusted prospectively if appropriate, or if there is an indication of a significant change since the last reporting date.

Gains and losses on disposals are determined by comparing the proceeds with the carrying amount and are recognised in profit or loss.

 
2.12

Valuation of investments

Investments in subsidiaries are measured at cost less accumulated impairment.

  
2.13

Stocks

Stocks are stated at the lower of cost and net realisable value, being the estimated selling price less costs to complete and sell. Cost is based on the cost of purchase on a first in, first out basis. Work in progress and finished goods include labour and attributable overheads where applicable. 
At each balance sheet date, stocks are assessed for impairment. If stock is impaired, the carrying amount is reduced to its selling price less costs to complete and sell. The impairment loss is recognised immediately in profit or loss. 
Future Site Developments
a) Site works for customers – preliminary expenses incurred prior to awarding of contracts are written off when incurred in accordance with FRS 102 Paragraph 23. Subsequent costs are capitalised as work in progress and this cost, less estimated residual value, is written off over the expected life of the project in accordance with FRS 102 Paragraph 23. 
b) Site works carried out on own developments – preliminary expenses and other development project costs are capitalised of stocks and work in progress as incurred where there is positive expectation of eventual profit contribution and then written-off, less any estimated net residual value, over the expected life of the project in accordance with FRS 102 Paragraph 23. 

Page 16

 
P.J. THORY LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2025

2.Accounting policies (continued)

 
2.14

Debtors

Short-term debtors are measured at transaction price, less any impairment. Loans receivable are measured initially at fair value, net of transaction costs, and are measured subsequently at amortised cost using the effective interest method, less any impairment.

 
2.15

Cash and cash equivalents

Cash is represented by cash in hand and deposits with financial institutions repayable without penalty on notice of not more than 24 hours. Cash equivalents are highly liquid investments that mature in no more than three months from the date of acquisition and that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash with insignificant risk of change in value.

 
2.16

Creditors

Short-term creditors are measured at the transaction price. Other financial liabilities, including bank loans, are measured initially at fair value, net of transaction costs, and are measured subsequently at amortised cost using the effective interest method.

 
2.17

Provisions for liabilities

Provisions are recognised when an event has taken place that gives rise to a legal or constructive obligation, a transfer of economic benefits is probable and a reliable estimate can be made.
Provisions are measured as the best estimate of the amount required to settle the obligation, taking into account the related risks and uncertainties.
 
Increases in provisions are generally charged as an expense to profit or loss.

 
2.18

 
Financial instruments

The Company has elected to apply the provisions of Section 11 “Basic Financial Instruments” of FRS 102 to all of its financial instruments.

The Company has elected to apply the recognition and measurement provisions of IFRS 9 Financial Instruments (as adopted by the UK Endorsement Board) with the disclosure requirements of Sections 11 and 12 and the other presentation requirements of FRS 102.

Financial instruments are recognised in the Company's Balance sheet when the Company becomes party to the contractual provisions of the instrument.

Financial assets and liabilities are offset, with the net amounts presented in the financial statements, when there is a legally enforceable right to set off the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis or to realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.

Basic financial assets

Basic financial assets, which include trade and other debtors, cash and bank balances, are initially measured at their transaction price (adjusted for transaction costs except in the initial measurement of financial assets that are subsequently measured at fair value through profit and loss) and are subsequently carried at their amortised cost using the effective interest method, less any provision for impairment, unless the arrangement constitutes a financing transaction, where the transaction is
Page 17

 
P.J. THORY LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2025

2.Accounting policies (continued)


2.18
 
Financial instruments (continued)

measured at the present value of the future receipts discounted at a market rate of interest.

Discounting is omitted where the effect of discounting is immaterial. The Company's cash and cash equivalents, trade and most other debtors due with the operating cycle fall into this category of financial instruments.

Financial liabilities

Financial liabilities and equity instruments are classified according to the substance of the contractual arrangements entered into. An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of the Company after the deduction of all its liabilities.

Basic financial liabilities, which include trade and other creditors, bank loans and other loans are initially measured at their transaction price (adjusting for transaction costs except in the initial measurement of financial liabilities that are subsequently measured at fair value through profit and loss). When this constitutes a financing transaction, whereby the debt instrument is measured at the present value of the future payments discounted at a market rate of interest, discounting is omitted where the effect of discounting is immaterial.

Debt instruments are subsequently carried at their amortised cost using the effective interest rate method.

Trade creditors are obligations to pay for goods and services that have been acquired in the ordinary course of business from suppliers. Trade creditors are classified as current liabilities if the payment is due within one year. If not, they represent non-current liabilities. Trade creditors are initially recognised at their transaction price and subsequently are measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method. Discounting is omitted where the effect of discounting is immaterial.

Derecognition of financial instruments

Derecognition of financial assets

Financial assets are derecognised when their contractual right to future cash flow expire, or are settled, or when the Company transfers the asset and substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership to another party. If significant risks and rewards of ownership are retained after the transfer to another party, then the Company will continue to recognise the value of the portion of the risks and rewards retained.

Derecognition of financial liabilities

Financial liabilities are derecognised when the Company's contractual obligations expire or are discharged or cancelled.

 
2.19

Dividends

Equity dividends are recognised when they become legally payable. Interim equity dividends are recognised when paid. Final equity dividends are recognised when approved by the shareholders at an annual general meeting.

Page 18

 
P.J. THORY LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2025

3.


Judgments in applying accounting policies and key sources of estimation uncertainty

Preparation of the financial statements requires management to make significant judgments and estimates. The items in the financial statements where these judgments and estimates have been made include:
 
Depreciation - The company makes an estimation of each tangible fixed assets useful life and respective residual value. Depreciation is then charged to the Profit and loss account over this useful life to reflect the reduction in value. Depreciation charged to the Profit and Loss account during the year is disclosed in note 14.
 
Revenue - Revenue is recognised to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the revenue can be reliably measured. Revenue is measured as the fair value of the consideration received or receivable, excluding discounts, rebates, value added tax and other sales taxes.
 
Stocks - Due to the nature of stocks held by the company the cost is based on the best estimate of management whom have in depth knowledge of the industry, the costs factor in expenses incurred on bringing each product to its present location and condition. Stock held in the account at the year end totals £2.805m (
2024 - £2.392m).
 
Work in Progress - Included in the stock figure is work in progress representing site works carried out on the company's own developments. The project costs are capitalised as incurred where there is a positive expectation of eventual profit contribution and written off over the expected life of the project. 
 
Provisions - The Company provide for amounts within the account where there is an obligation at the reporting date as a result of a past event, where, in the opinion of management it is probable that a transfer of economic benefits will flow from the company to settle the obligation and these benefits can be estimated reliably.


4.


Turnover

The whole of the turnover is attributable to haulage contracting, general building material supply, demolition and plant contracting.

All turnover arose within the United Kingdom.


5.


Other operating income

2025
2024
£
£

Other operating income
51,174
15,000

£51,174
£15,000


Page 19

 
P.J. THORY LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2025

6.


Operating profit

The operating profit is stated after charging:

2025
2024
£
£

Other operating lease rentals
£249,989
£251,333


7.


Auditors' remuneration

During the year, the Company obtained the following services from the Company's auditors:


2025
2024
£
£

Fees payable to the Company's auditors for the audit of the Company's financial statements
25,000
20,000

The Company has taken advantage of the exemption not to disclose amounts paid for non-audit services as these are disclosed in the consolidated accounts of the parent Company.


8.


Employees

Staff costs, including directors' remuneration, were as follows:


2025
2024
£
£

Wages and salaries
6,097,621
5,450,922

Social security costs
57,971
61,823

Cost of defined contribution scheme
72,270
127,047

£6,227,862
£5,639,792


The average monthly number of employees, including the directors, during the year was as follows:


        2025
        2024
            No.
            No.







Management
3
4



Administration
15
12



Production
88
82



Sales
3
3

109
101

Page 20

 
P.J. THORY LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2025

9.


Directors' remuneration

2025
2024
£
£

Directors' emoluments
438,957
466,829

Company contributions to defined contribution pension schemes
13,149
13,986

£452,106
£480,815


During the year retirement benefits were accruing to 2 directors (2024 - 2) in respect of defined contribution pension schemes.

The highest paid director received remuneration of £235,768 (2024 - £248,983).

The value of the Company's contributions paid to a defined contribution pension scheme in respect of the highest paid director amounted to £7,073 (2024 - £7,469).


10.


Interest receivable

2025
2024
£
£


Other interest receivable
8,808
7,761

£8,808
£7,761


11.


Interest payable and similar expenses

2025
2024
£
£


Bank interest payable
142,284
75,700

Finance leases and hire purchase contracts
249,411
255,737

£391,695
£331,437

Page 21

 
P.J. THORY LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2025

12.


Taxation


2025
2024
£
£

Corporation tax


Current tax on profits for the year
136,545
-


136,545
-


Total current tax
£136,545
£-

Deferred tax


Origination and reversal of timing differences
123,418
7,537

Charge for movement in previous year
5,625
-

Utilisation of tax losses - including group relief
116,252
237,669

Total deferred tax
£245,295
£245,206


Tax on profit
£381,840
£245,206

Factors affecting tax charge for the year

The tax assessed for the year is higher than (2024 - higher than) the standard rate of corporation tax in the UK of 25% (2024 - 25%). The differences are explained below:

2025
2024
£
£


Profit on ordinary activities before tax
£1,371,493
£384,385


Profit on ordinary activities multiplied by standard rate of corporation tax in the UK of 25% (2024 - 25%)
342,873
96,096

Effects of:


Expenses not deductible for tax purposes, other than goodwill amortisation and impairment
22,102
10,872

Depreciation on non-qualifying assets
3,299
2,163

Changes in provisions leading to an increase (decrease) in the tax charge
7,941
44

Unrelieved tax losses carried forward
-
3,702

Charge for deferred tax movement in previous year
5,625
-

Group relief
-
132,329

Total tax charge for the year
£381,840
£245,206

Page 22

 
P.J. THORY LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2025
 
12.Taxation (continued)


Factors that may affect future tax charges

There were no factors that may affect future tax charges.


13.


Dividends

2025
2024
£
£


Equity dividends paid
1,400,000
340,000

£1,400,000
£340,000


14.


Tangible fixed assets





Short-term leasehold property
Plant and machinery
Motor vehicles
Fixtures and fittings
Total

£
£
£
£
£



Cost or valuation


At 1 April 2024
95,954
9,073,823
6,357,509
182,053
15,709,339


Additions
-
3,555,826
476,540
25,897
4,058,263


Disposals
-
(989,166)
(921,195)
(37,555)
(1,947,916)



At 31 March 2025

95,954
11,640,483
5,912,854
170,395
17,819,686



Depreciation


At 1 April 2024
95,465
4,457,301
3,548,930
162,525
8,264,221


Charge for the year on owned assets
489
252,055
97,925
13,529
363,998


Charge for the year on financed assets
-
844,890
658,111
-
1,503,001


Disposals
-
(752,267)
(770,782)
(37,354)
(1,560,403)



At 31 March 2025

95,954
4,801,979
3,534,184
138,700
8,570,817



Net book value



At 31 March 2025
£-
£6,838,504
£2,378,670
£31,695
£9,248,869



At 31 March 2024
£489
£4,616,522
£2,808,579
£19,528
£7,445,118

Page 23

 
P.J. THORY LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2025

           14.Tangible fixed assets (continued)

The net book value of assets held under finance leases or hire purchase contracts, included above, are as follows:


2025
2024
£
£



Plant and machinery
3,311,541
2,431,025

Motor vehicles
2,035,354
2,491,318

£5,346,895
£4,922,343


15.


Stocks

2025
2024
£
£

Finished goods and goods for resale
2,805,218
2,391,862

£2,805,218
£2,391,862



16.


Debtors

2025
2024
£
£



Trade debtors
5,788,902
3,254,236

Amounts owed by group undertakings
726,766
348,001

Amounts owed by associated undertakings
18,698
14,198

Other debtors
483,528
665,632

Prepayments
1,269,079
690,812

£8,286,973
£4,972,879



17.


Current asset investments

2025
2024
£
£

Unlisted investments
-
10,302

£-
£10,302


Page 24

 
P.J. THORY LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2025

18.


Cash and cash equivalents

2025
2024
£
£

Cash at bank and in hand
55,132
22,830

£55,132
£22,830



19.


Creditors: Amounts falling due within one year

2025
2024
£
£

Bank loans
122,058
270,358

Trade creditors
2,194,899
1,633,355

Amounts owed to group undertakings
9,676
4,822

Corporation tax
13,519
-

Other taxation and social security
1,151,401
384,487

Obligations under finance lease and hire purchase contracts
2,060,812
1,756,133

Other creditors
2,204,844
1,128,379

Accruals and deferred income
1,046,496
243,358

£8,803,705
£5,420,892


The following liabilities were secured:

2025
2024
£
£



Bank Loans
122,057
270,368

Obligations under finance lease and hire purchase contracts
2,060,812
1,756,133

2,182,869
2,026,501

Details of security provided:

Bank loans are secured by fixed charges over the assets of the company.
Obligations under finance leases and hire purchase contracts are secured against the assets to which they relate.

Page 25

 
P.J. THORY LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2025

20.


Creditors: Amounts falling due after more than one year

2025
2024
£
£

Bank loans
2,729,292
587,471

Net obligations under finance leases and hire purchase contracts
2,550,309
2,356,690

£5,279,601
£2,944,161


The following liabilities were secured:

2025
2024
£
£



Bank loans
2,729,292
587,471

Net obligations under finance leases and hire purchase contracts
2,550,309
2,356,690

5,279,601
2,944,161

Details of security provided:

Bank loans are secured by fixed charges over the assets of the company.
Obligations under finance leases and hire purchase contracts are secured against the assets to which they relate.

The aggregate amount of liabilities repayable wholly or in part more than five years after the balance sheet date is:

2025
2024
£
£


Repayable by instalments
2,151,966
66,281

2,151,966
66,281

Interest on loans repayable in more than five years:
Bank loan - charged at 2.6% per annum over the Bank of England base rate.

Page 26

 
P.J. THORY LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2025

21.


Loans


Analysis of the maturity of loans is given below:


2025
2024
£
£

Amounts falling due within one year

Bank loans
122,058
270,358


122,058
270,358


Amounts falling due 2-5 years

Bank loans
420,409
521,190


420,409
521,190

Amounts falling due after more than 5 years

Bank loans
2,308,883
66,281

2,308,883
66,281

£2,851,350
£857,829



22.


Hire purchase and finance leases


Minimum lease payments under hire purchase fall due as follows:

2025
2024
£
£


Within one year
2,060,812
1,756,133

Between 1-5 years
2,550,309
2,356,690

£4,611,121
£4,112,823

Page 27

 
P.J. THORY LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2025

23.


Financial instruments

2025
2024
£
£

Financial assets


Financial assets measured at fair value through profit or loss
£55,132
£22,830




Financial assets measured at fair value through profit or loss comprise cash at bank and in hand.


24.


Deferred taxation




2025


£






At beginning of year
1,172,135


Charged to profit or loss
245,295



At end of year
£1,417,430

The provision for deferred taxation is made up as follows:

2025
2024
£
£


Accelerated capital allowances
1,417,430
1,322,329

Tax losses carried forward
-
(150,194)

£1,417,430
£1,172,135

Page 28

 
P.J. THORY LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2025

25.


Share capital

2025
2024
£
£
Allotted, called up and fully paid



21,060 (2024 - 21,060) Ordinary shares of £1.00 each
£21,060
£21,060

Each share has full rights in the company with respect to voting, dividends, and distributions.



26.


Reserves

Share premium account

The balance of the share premium account as at 31 March 2025 is £4,219 (2024 - £4,219).

Profit and loss account

The Profit and Loss Account includes all current and previous retained profits and losses less dividends paid.

Page 29

 
P.J. THORY LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2025


27.


Pension commitments

The Company operates a defined contributions pension scheme. The assets of the scheme are held separately from those of the Company  in an independently administered fund. The pension cost charge represents contributions payable by the Company  to the fund and amounted to £72,270 (2024 -  £127,047). Contributions totaling £56,009 (2024 - £51,642) were payable to the fund at the balance sheet date and are included in creditors.


28.


Commitments under operating leases

At 31 March 2025 the Company had future minimum lease payments due under non-cancellable operating leases for each of the following periods:

2025
2024
£
£


Not later than 1 year
441,042
31,842

Later than 1 year and not later than 5 years
1,169,637
64,752

Later than 5 years
64,954
-

£1,675,633
£96,594

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P.J. THORY LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2025

29.


Related Party Transactions

Intercompany
Sales to fellow subsidiary companies totalled £5,873,518 (2024 - £3,127,429).
Purchases from fellow subsidiary companies totalled £101,082 (2024 - £205,197).
Amounts owed from fellow subsidiary companies totalled £726,766 (2024 - £348,001).
Amounts owing to fellow subsidiary companies totalled £9,676
 (2024 - £2,959).
Sales to the company's parent totalled £18,644 (2024 - £37,175).
Purchases from the company's parent totalled £2,118,880 (2024 - £190,278).
Amounts owed from the company's parent totalled £Nil (2024 - £NIL).   
Amounts owing to the company's parent totalled £Nil (2024 - £1,863).
There are cross guarantees between P J Thory Limited and the parent company relating to outstanding bank loans shown in note 21. Total outstanding at the year end totalled £2,851,349 (2024 - £467,229).
Connected Companies
Sales to companies under common directorship and in which the directors are shareholders totalled £229,430  (2024 - £618,688).
Purchases from companies under common directorship and in which the directors are shareholders totalled £3,068,673 (2024 - £2,822,211).
Amounts owed from companies under common directorship and in which the directors are shareholders totalled £12,369  (2024 - £NIL).
Amounts owing to companies under common directorship and in which the directors are shareholders totalled £1,146,305 (2024 - £1,019,938).

Connected Companies - continued
Balance on loan owed from a company under common directorship and in which the directors are shareholders totalled £260,000 (2024 - £NIL). Interest charged in relation to this loan totalled £NIL (2024 - £7,738).
Purchases from companies in which the son of one of the directors has an interest totalled £78,723 (2024 - £73,339).
Amounts owing to companies in which the son of one of the directors has an interest totalled £6,162 (2024 - £6,193).
Sales to companies in which the son of one of the directors has an interest totalled £73,397 (2024 - £88,046).
Amounts owing from companies in which the son of one of the directors has an interest totalled £6,329 (2024 - £14,293).
 
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P.J. THORY LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2025

Directors
Balance on loans owed from the directors to the company at the year end totalled £282,386 (2024 - £169,318). Interest was charged at a commercial rate with the amounts repayable on demand.  
Balance on loans owed to the directors to the company at the year end totalled £8,931 
(2024 - £NIL). This liability is interest free with the amounts repayable on demand.
One of the directors have agreed to provide a legal charge over personal property on behalf of the company, as in the prior year. 
Key Management
Key management personnel compensation in the period amounted to £638,761 (2024 - £667,522).
Balance on loans owing to the company from key management personnel other than the directors at the year end totalled £76,498 (2024 - £83,176). Interest was charged at a commercial rate with the amounts repayable on demand.   


30.


Post balance sheet events

Post year end the P J Thory Group underwent a restructuring exercise leading to the company and its fellow subsidiary Gemmix Limited being demerged from the group. The ultimate parent company is now T & J Thory Holdings Ltd.


31.


Controlling party

During the financial year, the company was a subsidiary undertaking of P J Thory Holdings Limited. As detailed in the post balance sheet events note, subsequent to the year-end the group underwent a restructuring exercise. The ultimate parent company is now T & J Thory Holdings Ltd.
The ultimate controlling parties remain Mr J P Thory and Mr T D Thory, who are the directors and shareholders of T & J Thory Holdings Ltd.
The largest and smallest group in which the results of the Company are consolidated is P J Thory Holdings Limited, incorporated in England and Wales. The consolidated financial statements are available to the public and may be obtained from Companies House, Crown Way, Cardiff, CF14 3UZ.

 
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