Caseware UK (AP4) 2024.0.164 2024.0.164 2024-12-312024-12-31falsefalsetruefalse66No description of principal activity2024-01-0189 09642350 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 09642350 2022-07-01 2023-12-31 09642350 2024-12-31 09642350 2023-12-31 09642350 2022-07-01 09642350 2 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 09642350 2 2022-07-01 2023-12-31 09642350 1 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 09642350 e:Director1 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 09642350 e:RegisteredOffice 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 09642350 d:OfficeEquipment 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 09642350 d:OfficeEquipment 2024-12-31 09642350 d:OfficeEquipment 2023-12-31 09642350 d:OfficeEquipment d:OwnedOrFreeholdAssets 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 09642350 d:PatentsTrademarksLicencesConcessionsSimilar 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 09642350 d:ComputerSoftware 2024-12-31 09642350 d:ComputerSoftware 2023-12-31 09642350 d:CurrentFinancialInstruments 2024-12-31 09642350 d:CurrentFinancialInstruments 2023-12-31 09642350 d:CurrentFinancialInstruments d:WithinOneYear 2024-12-31 09642350 d:CurrentFinancialInstruments d:WithinOneYear 2023-12-31 09642350 d:ReportableOperatingSegment1 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 09642350 d:ReportableOperatingSegment1 2022-07-01 2023-12-31 09642350 d:ReportableOperatingSegment2 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 09642350 d:ReportableOperatingSegment2 2022-07-01 2023-12-31 09642350 f:UnitedKingdom 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 09642350 f:UnitedKingdom 2022-07-01 2023-12-31 09642350 f:RestEuropeOutsideUK 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 09642350 f:RestEuropeOutsideUK 2022-07-01 2023-12-31 09642350 f:RestWorldOutsideUK 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 09642350 f:RestWorldOutsideUK 2022-07-01 2023-12-31 09642350 d:UKTax 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 09642350 d:UKTax 2022-07-01 2023-12-31 09642350 d:ShareCapital 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 09642350 d:ShareCapital 2024-12-31 09642350 d:ShareCapital 2022-07-01 2023-12-31 09642350 d:ShareCapital 2023-12-31 09642350 d:ShareCapital 2022-07-01 09642350 d:OtherMiscellaneousReserve 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 09642350 d:OtherMiscellaneousReserve 2024-12-31 09642350 d:OtherMiscellaneousReserve 2 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 09642350 d:OtherMiscellaneousReserve 2022-07-01 2023-12-31 09642350 d:OtherMiscellaneousReserve 2023-12-31 09642350 d:OtherMiscellaneousReserve 2022-07-01 09642350 d:OtherMiscellaneousReserve 2 2022-07-01 2023-12-31 09642350 d:RetainedEarningsAccumulatedLosses 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 09642350 d:RetainedEarningsAccumulatedLosses 2024-12-31 09642350 d:RetainedEarningsAccumulatedLosses 2 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 09642350 d:RetainedEarningsAccumulatedLosses 2022-07-01 2023-12-31 09642350 d:RetainedEarningsAccumulatedLosses 2023-12-31 09642350 d:RetainedEarningsAccumulatedLosses 2022-07-01 09642350 d:RetainedEarningsAccumulatedLosses 2 2022-07-01 2023-12-31 09642350 e:OrdinaryShareClass1 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 09642350 e:OrdinaryShareClass1 2024-12-31 09642350 e:OrdinaryShareClass1 2023-12-31 09642350 e:FRS102 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 09642350 e:Audited 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 09642350 e:FullAccounts 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 09642350 e:PrivateLimitedCompanyLtd 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 09642350 d:WithinOneYear 2024-12-31 09642350 d:WithinOneYear 2023-12-31 09642350 d:ComputerSoftware d:ExternallyAcquiredIntangibleAssets 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 09642350 d:ShareCapital 2 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 09642350 d:ShareCapital 2 2022-07-01 2023-12-31 09642350 d:ComputerSoftware d:OwnedIntangibleAssets 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 09642350 g:PoundSterling 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 iso4217:GBP xbrli:shares xbrli:pure


Registered number: 09642350












CYBSAFE LTD
ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

 

CYBSAFE LTD

CONTENTS



Page
Company information
 
1
Strategic report
 
2 - 3
Director's report
 
4
Director's responsibilities statement
 
5
Independent auditor's report
 
6 - 9
Profit and loss account
 
10
Balance sheet
 
11
Statement of changes in equity
 
12
Notes to the financial statements
 
13 - 28


 

CYBSAFE LTD
 
COMPANY INFORMATION


Director
U A Alashe 




Registered number
09642350



Registered office
5 New Street Square

London

United Kingdom

EC4A 3TW




Independent auditor
Blick Rothenberg Audit LLP
Chartered Accountants & Statutory Auditor

16 Great Queen Street

Covent Garden

London

WC2B 5AH




Page 1

 

CYBSAFE LTD
 
STRATEGIC REPORT
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

Introduction
 
The director presents their strategic report for the year ended 31 December 2024.

Business review
 
The company's principal activity during the year has been the development, marketing and sales of an online cyber security awareness platform.
The company has continued to pursue its long-term objectives during the year, with a focus on operational efficiency, product development, and strategic positioning within its market sector. The period under review has seen a reduction in post-tax losses, with a reported loss of £5,888,514 compared to £10,966,521 for the 18 month period ended 2023.
This improvement reflects the impact of cost optimisation measures initiated in early 2024.

Principal risks and uncertainties
 
The company faces a range of risks and uncertainties which may impact its ability to meet strategic, operational, and financial objectives. The director regularly reviews these risks and implement appropriate mitigation strategies to manage their potential impact. The key risks identified during the year include:

1. Liquidity and Funding Risk
The company remains in a loss-making position, and as such, effective cash flow and working capital management is critical. There is a risk that future funding requirements may not be met if anticipated revenues or cost-saving initiatives do not materialise. The director continues to monitor the group’s financial position closely and assess funding needs in line with strategic plans.
2. Market and Economic Conditions
External macroeconomic factors, including inflationary pressures, interest rate fluctuations, and wider economic uncertainty, may affect customer demand, supplier pricing, and the company’s cost base. The company remains alert to these external pressures and actively manages supplier relationships and pricing strategies to mitigate adverse impacts.

Financial key performance indicators
 
The director uses a number of financial key performance indicators to monitor and assess the company’s financial health, operational efficiency, and progress toward strategic objectives. The key KPIs for the year ended 31 December 2024 are as follows:
1. Revenue
Revenue is a key financial performance indicator for the company, providing a clear measure of our market activity and operational scale. Year-on-year trends in revenue help us assess business growth and inform strategic decision-making. The revenue for 2024 totaled £4,650,392 (2023 - 18 month period £4,804,309).

2. Gross Margin
Gross margin is a key indicator of the company’s ability to scale profitably. It reflects the efficiency of delivering cloud-based services. The gross margin in 2024 was 85% (2023 - 18 month period 78%)

Page 2

 

CYBSAFE LTD

STRATEGIC REPORT (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

Going concern
 
The financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis. In assessing going concern, the director has considered the following matters and have taken into account the plans for product development and continued growth of the business and the uncertainty created by macroeconomic conditions:

The group's level of liquid resources, including cash and cash equivalents and bank facilities, as at the balance sheet date and up to the point of approval of the financial statements;
The servicing of the group’s bank loan, of which £2.4m falls due for repayment during the year ending 31 December 2025 and £1.2m during the year ending 31 December 2026;
The potential impact of downside scenarios on revenue, assets, and costs, including forecasts and potential management actions to mitigate against the impact of worsening macroeconomic conditions;
The effectiveness of the group's operational resilience and the resource requirements for product development and scaling-up the business;
The going concern assessment of the parent company, Cybsafe Holdings Limited.

The company is a wholly owned subsidiary of Cybsafe Holdings Ltd, and as a SaaS business in its growth phase, it has operated at a loss while investing in product development, customer acquisition, and scaling infrastructure, with the focus now moving to profitability and cash flow generation. In October 2025, the group has secured funding of £5.15m, which will allow them to repay the existing debt in full and provide the adequate working capital to see the business through to a position of profitability and cash flow generation.
Accordingly, the director is confident that the group has adequate resources to continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future and therefore continues to adopt the going concern basis of accounting in preparing the financial statements.

Future developments
 
The company continues to grow in its key market areas, which are the UK and North America. We have seen the market move towards Human Risk Management (HRM) which will benefit us in the coming periods. The director is confident in the company's ability to maintain and build its market leader position.


This report was approved and signed by the sole director.



U A Alashe
Director

Date: 13 October 2025

Page 3

 

CYBSAFE LTD

DIRECTOR'S REPORT
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

The director presents his report and the financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2024.

Results and dividends

The loss for the year, after taxation, amounted to £5,888,514 (2023 - loss £10,966,521).

The director does not recommend a dividend.

Director

The director who served during the year was:

U A Alashe 

Matters covered in the Strategic report

As permitted by s414c(11) of the Companies Act 2006, the director has elected to disclose information, required to be in the directors' report by Schedule 7 of the 'Large and Medium-sized Companies and Groups (Accounts and Reports) Regulations 2008', in the strategic report.

Disclosure of information to auditor

The director at the time when this director's report is approved has confirmed that:
 
so far as he is aware, there is no relevant audit information of which the company's auditor is unaware, and

he has taken all the steps that ought to have been taken as a director in order to be aware of any relevant audit information and to establish that the company's auditor is aware of that information.

This report was approved by the board and signed on its behalf.
 





U A Alashe
Director

Date: 13 October 2025

Page 4

 

CYBSAFE LTD
 
DIRECTOR'S RESPONSIBILITIES STATEMENT
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

The director is responsible for preparing the strategic report, the director's report and the financial statements in accordance with applicable law and regulations.

Company law requires the director to prepare financial statements for each financial year. Under that law the director has elected to prepare the financial statements in accordance with applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice), including Financial Reporting Standard 102 ‘The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland'. Under company law the director must not approve the financial statements unless he is satisfied that they give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the company and of the profit or loss of the company for that period.

 In preparing these financial statements, the director is required to:

select suitable accounting policies for the company's financial statements and then apply them consistently;

make judgements and accounting estimates that are reasonable and prudent;


prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that the company will continue in business.

The director is responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that are sufficient to show and explain the company's transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the company and to enable him to ensure that the financial statements comply with the Companies Act 2006He is also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the company and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities.

Page 5

 

CYBSAFE LTD

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR'S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF CYBSAFE LTD
 FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

Opinion


We have audited the financial statements of Cybsafe Ltd (the 'company') for the year ended 31 December 2024, which comprise the profit and loss account, the balance sheet, the statement of changes in equity and the related notes, including a summary of significant accounting policiesThe financial reporting framework that has been applied in their preparation is applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards, including Financial Reporting Standard 102 ‘The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland' (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice).


In our opinion the financial statements:


give a true and fair view of the state of the company's affairs as at 31 December 2024 and of its loss for the year then ended;
have been properly prepared in accordance with United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice; and
have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006.


Basis for opinion


We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and applicable law. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditor's responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements section of our report. We are independent of the company in accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in the United Kingdom, including the Financial Reporting Council's Ethical Standard and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.


Conclusions relating to going concern


In auditing the financial statements, we have concluded that the director's use of the going concern basis of accounting in the preparation of the financial statements is appropriate.


Based on the work we have performed, we have not identified any material uncertainties relating to events or conditions that, individually or collectively, may cast significant doubt on the company's ability to continue as a going concern for a period of at least twelve months from when the financial statements are authorised for issue.


Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of the director with respect to going concern are described in the relevant sections of this report.


Other information


The other information comprises the information included in the annual report other than the financial statements and our auditor's report thereon. The director is responsible for the other information contained within the annual reportOur opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and, except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in our report, we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon. Our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the course of the audit, or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If we identify such material inconsistencies or apparent material misstatements, we are required to determine whether this gives rise to a material misstatement in the financial statements themselves. If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact.


We have nothing to report in this regard.


Page 6

 

CYBSAFE LTD

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR'S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF CYBSAFE LTD (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

Opinion on other matters prescribed by the Companies Act 2006
 

In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of the audit:


the information given in the strategic report and the director's report for the financial year for which the financial statements are prepared is consistent with the financial statements; and
the strategic report and the director's report have been prepared in accordance with applicable legal requirements.


Matters on which we are required to report by exception
 

In the light of the knowledge and understanding of the company and its environment obtained in the course of the audit, we have not identified material misstatements in the strategic report or the director's report.


We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters in relation to which the Companies Act 2006 requires us to report to you if, in our opinion:


adequate accounting records have not been kept, or returns adequate for our audit have not been received from branches not visited by us; or
the financial statements are not in agreement with the accounting records and returns; or
certain disclosures of director's remuneration specified by law are not made; or
we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit.


Responsibilities of directors
 

As explained more fully in the director's responsibilities statement set out on page 5, the director is responsible for the preparation of the financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair view, and for such internal control as the director determines is necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.


In preparing the financial statements, the director is responsible for assessing the company's ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the director either intends to liquidate the company or to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so.


Page 7

 

CYBSAFE LTD

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR'S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF CYBSAFE LTD (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

Auditor's responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements
 

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor's report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements.


Irregularities, including fraud, are instances of non-compliance with laws and regulations. We design procedures in line with our responsibilities, outlined above, to detect material misstatements in respect of irregularities, including fraud. The extent to which our procedures are capable of detecting irregularities, including fraud is detailed below:

the engagement partner ensured that the engagement team collectively has the appropriate competence, capabilities and skills to identify or recognise non-compliance with applicable laws and regulations;
we identified the laws and regulations applicable to the company through discussions with directors and other management, and from our commercial knowledge and experience of the technology sector and international groups;
we focused on specific laws and regulations which we considered may have a direct material effect on the financial statements or the operations of the company, including the Companies Act 2006, taxation legislation and data protection, anti-bribery, employment, environmental and health and safety legislation;
we assessed the extent of compliance with the laws and regulations identified above through making enquiries of management and inspecting legal correspondence; and
identified laws and regulations were communicated within the audit team regularly and the team remained alert to instances of non-compliance throughout the audit.

We assessed the susceptibility of the company’s financial statements to material misstatement, including obtaining an understanding of how fraud might occur, by:

making enquiries of management as to where they considered there was susceptibility to fraud, their knowledge of actual, suspected and alleged fraud; and
considering the internal controls in place to mitigate risks of fraud and non-compliance with laws and regulations.

To address the risk of fraud through management bias and override of controls, we:

performed analytical procedures to identify any unusual or unexpected relationships;
tested a sample of journal entries to identify unusual transactions;
assessed whether judgements and assumptions made in determining the accounting estimates were indicative of potential bias; and
investigated the rationale behind significant or unusual transactions.

In response to the risk of irregularities and non-compliance with laws and regulations, we designed procedures
which included, but were not limited to:

agreeing financial statement disclosures to underlying supporting documentation;
reading the minutes of meetings of those charged with governance; and
enquiring of management as to actual and potential litigation and claims.

There are inherent limitations in our audit procedures described above. The more removed that laws and regulations are from financial transactions, the less likely it is that we would become aware of non-compliance. Auditing standards also limit the audit procedures required to identify non-compliance with laws and regulations to enquiry of the directors and other management and the inspection of regulatory and legal correspondence, if
Page 8

 

CYBSAFE LTD

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR'S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF CYBSAFE LTD (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

any.
Material misstatements that arise due to fraud can be harder to detect than those that arise from error as they may involve deliberate concealment or collusion.


A further description of our responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements is located on the Financial Reporting Council's website at: www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities. This description forms part of our auditor's report.


Use of our report
 

This report is made solely to the company's members, as a body, in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of the Companies Act 2006Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the company's members those matters we are required to state to them in an auditor's report and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other than the company and the company's members, as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we have formed.





Marc Levy FCA (senior statutory auditor)
  
for and on behalf of
Blick Rothenberg Audit LLP
 
Chartered Accountants
Statutory Auditor
  
16 Great Queen Street
Covent Garden
London
WC2B 5AH

 
Date: 
13 October 2025
Page 9

 

CYBSAFE LTD
 
PROFIT AND LOSS ACCOUNT
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

Year ended 31 December 2024
Period ended 31 December 2023
Note
£
£

  

Turnover
 4 
4,650,392
4,804,309

Cost of sales
  
(678,354)
(1,069,968)

Gross profit
  
3,972,038
3,734,341

Administrative expenses
  
(10,118,561)
(15,594,767)

Operating loss
 5 
(6,146,523)
(11,860,426)

Interest receivable and similar income
 8 
233
200

Interest payable and similar expenses
 9 
-
(52,521)

Loss before taxation
  
(6,146,290)
(11,912,747)

Tax on loss
 10 
257,776
946,226

Loss for the financial year
  
(5,888,514)
(10,966,521)

There are no items of other comprehensive income for either the year or the prior period other than the loss for the year/period. Accordingly, no statement of other comprehensive income has been presented. 

Page 10


 
REGISTERED NUMBER:09642350
CYBSAFE LTD

BALANCE SHEET
AS AT 31 DECEMBER 2024

2024
2023
Note
£
£

Fixed assets
  

Intangible assets
 11 
3,355,703
2,845,177

Tangible assets
 12 
50,056
103,684

  
3,405,759
2,948,861

Current assets
  

Debtors: amounts falling due within one year
 13 
2,624,043
2,487,270

Cash at bank and in hand
  
1,126,534
1,381,336

  
3,750,577
3,868,606

Creditors: amounts falling due within one year
 14 
(33,080,990)
(28,030,996)

Net current liabilities
  
 
 
(29,330,413)
 
 
(24,162,390)

Total assets less current liabilities
  
(25,924,654)
(21,213,529)

Net liabilities
  
(25,924,654)
(21,213,529)


Capital and reserves
  

Called up share capital 
 16 
1
1

Other reserves
 17 
2,228,067
1,050,678

Profit and loss account
 17 
(28,152,722)
(22,264,208)

Total equity
  
(25,924,654)
(21,213,529)


The financial statements were approved, authorised for issue and signed by the sole director.


U A Alashe
Director

Date: 13 October 2025

The notes on pages 13 to 28 form part of these financial statements.

Page 11

 

CYBSAFE LTD

STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024


Called up share capital
Other reserves
Profit and loss account
Total equity

£
£
£
£


At 1 July 2022
1
1,046,951
(11,297,687)
(10,250,735)


Comprehensive income for the period

Loss for the period
-
-
(10,966,521)
(10,966,521)
Total comprehensive income for the period
-
-
(10,966,521)
(10,966,521)


Contributions by and distributions to owners

Share options charge
-
3,727
-
3,727


Total transactions with owners
-
3,727
-
3,727



At 1 January 2024
1
1,050,678
(22,264,208)
(21,213,529)


Comprehensive income for the year

Loss for the year
-
-
(5,888,514)
(5,888,514)
Total comprehensive income for the year
-
-
(5,888,514)
(5,888,514)


Contributions by and distributions to owners

Share options charge
-
1,177,389
-
1,177,389


Total transactions with owners
-
1,177,389
-
1,177,389


At 31 December 2024
1
2,228,067
(28,152,722)
(25,924,654)


Page 12

 

CYBSAFE LTD

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

1.


General information

Cybsafe Ltd is a private company limited by shares incorporated in England and Wales. The address of its registered office is 5 New Street Square, London, EC4A 3TW.
The financial statements are presented in Sterling (£), which is the functional currency of the company. Monetary amounts in these financial statements are rounded to the nearest £.

2.Accounting policies

 
2.1

Basis of preparation of financial statements

The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention unless otherwise specified within these accounting policies and in accordance with Financial Reporting Standard 102, the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and the Republic of Ireland and the Companies Act 2006.

The following principal accounting policies have been applied:

  
2.2

Financial Reporting Standard 102 - reduced disclosure exemptions

The company has taken advantage of the following disclosure exemptions in preparing these financial statements, as permitted by the FRS 102 "The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland":
 
Section 3 Financial Statement Presentation paragraph 3.17(d) (inclusion of statement of cash flows);
Section 7 Statement of Cash Flows (inclusion of statement of cash flows);
Section 11 Financial Instruments paragraphs 11.42, 11.44, 11.45, 11.47, 11.48(a)(iii), 11.48(a)(iv), 11.48(b) and 11.48(c) (disclosures relating to financial instruments);
Section 26 Share based payments (disclosure of share based payments); and
Section 33 Related Party Disclosures paragraph 33.7 (disclosures of key management personnel
compensation).
 
The immediate parent company is Cybsafe Holdings Limited, incorporated in the United Kingdom. The results of this company will be consolidated into the financial statements of Cybsafe Holdings Limited which are publicly available.

Page 13

 

CYBSAFE LTD

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

2.Accounting policies (continued)

 
2.3

Going concern

The financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis. In assessing going concern, the director has considered the following matters and have taken into account the plans for product development and continued growth of the business and the uncertainty created by macroeconomic conditions:

The group's level of liquid resources, including cash and cash equivalents and bank facilities, as at the balance sheet date and up to the point of approval of the financial statements;
The servicing of the group’s bank loan, of which £2.4m falls due for repayment during the year ending 31 December 2025 and £1.2m during the year ending 31 December 2026;
The potential impact of downside scenarios on revenue, assets, and costs, including forecasts and potential management actions to mitigate against the impact of worsening macroeconomic conditions;
The effectiveness of the group's operational resilience and the resource requirements for product development and scaling-up the business;
The going concern assessment of the parent company, Cybsafe Holdings Limited.

The company is a wholly owned subsidiary of Cybsafe Holdings Ltd, and as a SaaS business in its growth phase, it has operated at a loss while investing in product development, customer acquisition, and scaling infrastructure, with the focus now moving to profitability and cash flow generation. In October 2025, the group has secured funding of £5.15m, which will allow them to repay the existing debt in full and provide the adequate working capital to see the business through to a position of profitability and cash flow generation.

Accordingly, the director is confident that the group has adequate resources to continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future and therefore continues to adopt the going concern basis of accounting in preparing the financial statements.

 
2.4

Revenue

Revenue from the sale of cybersecurity software and related services is recognised to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the company and the revenue can be reliably measured. Revenue is measured as the fair value of the consideration received or receivable, excluding discounts, rebates, value added tax and other sales taxes. The following criteria must also be met before revenue is recognised:

Rendering of services

Revenue from a contract to provide services is recognised in the period in which the services are provided in accordance with the stage of completion of the contract when all of the following conditions are satisfied:
the amount of revenue can be measured reliably;
it is probable that the company will receive the consideration due under the contract;
the stage of completion of the contract at the end of the reporting period can be measured reliably; and
the costs incurred and the costs to complete the contract can be measured reliably.

Page 14

 

CYBSAFE LTD

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

2.Accounting policies (continued)

 
2.5

Foreign currency translation

Functional and presentation currency

The company's functional and presentational currency is Sterling (£).

Transactions and balances

Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using the spot exchange rates at the dates of the transactions.

At each period end foreign currency monetary items are translated using the closing rate. Non-monetary items measured at historical cost are translated using the exchange rate at the date of the transaction and non-monetary items measured at fair value are measured using the exchange rate when fair value was determined.

Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of transactions and from the translation at period-end exchange rates of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are recognised in profit or loss except when deferred in other comprehensive income as qualifying cash flow hedges.

Foreign exchange gains and losses that relate to borrowings and cash and cash equivalents are presented in the profit and loss account within 'administrative expenses'.

 
2.6

Research and development

In the research phase of an internal project it is not possible to demonstrate that the project will generate future economic benefits and hence all expenditure on research shall be recognised as an expense when it is incurred. Intangible assets are recognised from the development phase of a project if and only if certain specific criteria are met in order to demonstrate the asset will generate probable future economic benefits and that its cost can be reliably measured. The capitalised development costs are subsequently amortised on a straight-line basis over their useful economic lives, which range from 3 to 6 years.
If it is not possible to distinguish between the research phase and the development phase of an internal project, the expenditure is treated as if it were all incurred in the research phase only.

 
2.7

Pensions

Defined contribution pension plan

The company operates a defined contribution plan for its employees. A defined contribution plan is a pension plan under which the company pays fixed contributions into a separate entity. Once the contributions have been paid the company has no further payment obligations.

The contributions are recognised as an expense in profit or loss when they fall due. Amounts not paid are shown in accruals as a liability in the balance sheet. The assets of the plan are held separately from the company in independently administered funds.

Page 15

 

CYBSAFE LTD

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

2.Accounting policies (continued)

 
2.8

Current and deferred taxation

The tax expense for the year comprises current and deferred tax. Tax is recognised in the profit and loss account, except that a charge attributable to an item of income and expense recognised as other comprehensive income or to an item recognised directly in equity is also recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity respectively.
Current tax is the amount of income tax payable in respect of taxable profit for the year or prior years.
The current income tax charge is calculated on the basis of tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date in the countries where the company operates and generates income.

Deferred tax arises from timing differences that are differences between taxable profits and total comprehensive income as stated in the financial statements. These timing differences arise from the inclusion of income and expenses in tax assessments in periods different from those in which they are recognised in the financial statements.
Deferred tax balances are recognised in respect of all timing differences that have originated but not reversed by the balance sheet date, except that:
 
The recognition of deferred tax assets is limited to the extent that it is probable that they will be recovered against the reversal of deferred tax liabilities or other future taxable profits; and
Any deferred tax balances are reversed if and when all conditions for retaining associated tax allowances have been met.

Deferred tax balances are not recognised in respect of permanent differences except in respect of business combinations, when deferred tax is recognised on the differences between the fair values of assets acquired and the future tax deductions available for them and the differences between the fair values of liabilities acquired and the amount that will be assessed for tax. Deferred tax is determined using tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date.

 
2.9

Share-based payments

Where share options are awarded to employees, the fair value of the options at the date of grant is charged to profit or loss over the vesting period. Non-market vesting conditions are taken into account by adjusting the number of equity instruments expected to vest at each balance sheet date so that, ultimately, the cumulative amount recognised over the vesting period is based on the number of options that eventually vest. Market vesting conditions are factored into the fair value of the options granted. The cumulative expense is not adjusted for failure to achieve a market vesting condition.
The fair value of the award also takes into account non-vesting conditions. These are either factors beyond the control of either party (such as a target based on an index) or factors which are within the control of one or other of the parties (such as the company keeping the scheme open or the employee maintaining any contributions required by the scheme).
Where the terms and conditions of options are modified before they vest, the increase in the fair value of the options, measured immediately before and after the modification, is also charged to profit or loss over the remaining vesting period.
Where equity instruments are granted to persons other than employees, profit or loss is charged with fair value of goods and services received.

Page 16

 

CYBSAFE LTD

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

2.Accounting policies (continued)

 
2.10

Intangible assets

Intangible assets are initially recognised at cost. After recognition, under the cost model, intangible assets are measured at cost less any accumulated amortisation and any accumulated impairment losses.

All intangible assets are considered to have a finite useful life. If a reliable estimate of the useful life cannot be made, the useful life shall not exceed ten years.

 The estimated useful lives range as follows:

Computer software
-
5
years

Amortisation is included in 'Administrative expenses' in the profit and loss account.
If there are indicators that the residual value or useful life of an intangible asset has changed since the most recent annual reporting period previous estimates shall be reviewed, and if current expectations differ the residual value, amortisation method and or useful life shall be amended. Changes in the expected useful life or the expected pattern of consumption of benefit shall be accounted for as a change in accounting estimate.

 
2.11

Tangible fixed assets

Tangible fixed assets under the cost model are stated at historical cost less accumulated depreciation and any accumulated impairment losses. Historical cost includes expenditure that is directly attributable to bringing the asset to the location and condition necessary for it to be capable of operating in the manner intended by management.

Depreciation is charged so as to allocate the cost of assets less their residual value over their estimated useful lives, using the straight-line method.

Depreciation is provided on the following basis:

Office equipment
-
25%

The assets' residual values, useful lives and depreciation methods are reviewed, and adjusted prospectively if appropriate, or if there is an indication of a significant change since the last reporting date.

Gains and losses on disposals are determined by comparing the proceeds with the carrying amount and are recognised in profit or loss.

Page 17

 

CYBSAFE LTD

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

2.Accounting policies (continued)

  
2.12

Financial instruments

The company has elected to apply Sections 11 and 12 of FRS 102 in respect of financial instruments.
Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognised when the company becomes party to the contractual provisions of the instrument. 
Financial liabilities and equity instruments are classified according to the substance of the contractual arrangements entered into. An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of the company after deducting all of its liabilities.
The company’s policies for its major classes of financial assets and financial liabilities are set out below. 
Financial assets
Basic financial assets, including trade and other debtors and cash and bank balances are initially recognised at transaction price, unless the arrangement constitutes a financing transaction, where the transaction is measured at the present value of the future receipts discounted at a market rate of interest for a similar debt instrument. Financing transactions are those in which payment is deferred beyond normal business terms or is financed at a rate of interest that is not a market rate.
Such assets are subsequently carried at amortised cost using the effective interest method, less any impairment.
Financial liabilities
Basic financial liabilities, including trade and other creditors, bank loans and loans from fellow group companies are initially recognised at transaction price, unless the arrangement constitutes a financing transaction, where the debt instrument is measured at the present value of the future payments discounted at a market rate of interest for a similar debt instrument. Financing transactions are those in which payment is deferred beyond normal business terms or is financed at a rate of interest that is not a market rate.
Debt instruments are subsequently carried at amortised cost, using the effective interest rate method.
Impairment of financial assets
Financial assets measured at cost and amortised cost are assessed at the end of each reporting period for objective evidence of impairment. If objective evidence of impairment is found, an impairment loss is recognised in the profit and loss account. 
For financial assets measured at cost less impairment, the impairment loss is measured as the difference between the asset's carrying amount and the best estimate of the amount the company would receive for the asset if it were to be sold at the reporting date. 
For financial assets measured at amortised cost, the impairment loss is measured as the difference between the asset's carrying amount and the present value of estimated cash flows discounted at the asset's original effective interest rate. If the financial asset has a variable interest rate, the discount rate for measuring any impairment loss is the current effective interest rate determined under the contract. 
If there is a decrease in the impairment loss arising from an event occurring after the impairment was recognised, the impairment is reversed. The reversal is such that the current carrying amount does not exceed what the carrying amount would have been had the impairment not previously been recognised. The impairment reversal is recognised in profit or loss.
 
Page 18

 

CYBSAFE LTD

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

2.Accounting policies (continued)


Derecognition of financial assets and financial liabilities
Financial assets are derecognised when (a) the contractual rights to the cash flows from the asset expire or are settled, or (b) substantially all the risks and rewards of the ownership of the asset are transferred to another party or (c) despite having retained some significant risks and rewards of ownership, control of the asset has been transferred to another party who has the practical ability to unilaterally sell the asset to an unrelated third party without imposing additional restrictions. 
Financial liabilities are derecognised when the liability is extinguished, that is when the contractual obligation is discharged, cancelled or expires. 
Offsetting of financial assets and financial liabilities
Financial assets and liabilities are offset and the net amount reported in the balance sheet when there is an enforceable right to set off the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis or to realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.

 
2.13

Cash

Cash is represented by cash in hand and deposits with financial institutions repayable without penalty on notice of not more than 24 hours.

  
2.14

Share capital

Ordinary shares are classified as equity.

Page 19

 

CYBSAFE LTD

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

3.


Judgements in applying accounting policies and key sources of estimation uncertainty

The preparation of the financial statements requires management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported for assets and liabilities as at the balance sheet date and the amounts reported for revenues and expenses during the year. However, the nature of estimation means that actual outcomes could differ from those estimates. The following judgments (apart from those involving estimates) have had the most significant effect on amounts recognised in the financial statements:
Share options valuation
Estimating fair value for share-based payment transactions requires determination of the most appropriate valuation model, which depends on the terms and conditions of the grant. This estimate also requires determination of the most appropriate inputs to the valuation model including expected life of the share option or appreciation right, volatility and dividend yield and making assumptions about them. For the measurement of the fair value of equity-settled transactions with employees at the grant date, the group uses Black-Scholes model. The company participates in an equity settled share based payment arrangement in which share options in its parent company are issued to employees of the company. The fair value determined at the grant date is expensed on a straight line basis over the vesting period. The fair value is calculated using the appropriate fair value model with the estimated level of vesting be reviewed annually by management. The key assumptions of this model are volatility 80%, risk free interest rates of 10 year gilt rates at grant date and staff retention 100%.
Research and development corporation tax credit claim
Management have included a debtor in the financial statements of £946,226 (2023: £946,226) relating to corporation tax receivable which is driven by a research and development tax credit claim (“tax credit”) to be submitted to HMRC. The estimated amount recognised as an asset in the financial statements is an area of management judgement. The director believes that the tax credit included in the financial statements satisfies HMRC’s criteria for the claim and is recoverable. Ultimately, the quantum and recoverability of the tax credit is subject to agreement by HMRC. The actual tax credit received could be materially different to the amount included in the financial statements.
Recognition of internally generated intangible assets
Internally generated intangible assets arising from development of the cyber awareness training platform is recognised if it is probable that an asset will be created that will generate future economic benefits. Judgment is required on whether the recognition criteria has been met and an estimate as to the percentage of staff salaries spent on eligible development. During the period 82% of relevant staff salaries were capitalised.
Amortisation of intangible assets
Intangible assets are amortised over their estimated useful economic lives. Future results are impacted by the amortisation periods adopted and, potentially, any differences between estimated and actual circumstances related to individual intangible assets.

Page 20

 

CYBSAFE LTD

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

4.


Turnover

An analysis of turnover by class of business is as follows:


2024
2023
£
£

Software
4,523,227
4,797,470

Services
127,165
6,839

4,650,392
4,804,309


Analysis of turnover by country of destination:

2024
2023
£
£

United Kingdom
3,210,437
3,578,340

Rest of Europe
874,772
536,945

Rest of the world
565,183
689,024

4,650,392
4,804,309



5.


Operating loss

The operating loss is stated after charging:

2024
2023
£
£

Foreign exchange differences
78,603
43,725

Depreciation of tangible fixed assets
34,048
64,186

Amortisation of intangible fixed assets
873,607
671,918

Disposal of tangible fixed assets
19,580
11,364

Audit fees payable to company auditor
21,000
20,000

Share-based payment
1,177,389
3,727

Page 21

 

CYBSAFE LTD

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

6.


Employees

Staff costs, including director's remuneration, were as follows:


2024
2023
£
£

Wages and salaries
5,171,539
7,473,481

Social security costs
579,541
1,123,156

Cost of defined contribution scheme
322,084
496,937

6,073,164
9,093,574


The average monthly number of employees, including the director, during the year was as follows:


        2024
        2023
            No.
            No.







Employees
65
88



Director
1
1

66
89


7.


Director's remuneration

2024
2023
£
£

Director's emoluments
195,828
301,282

Company contributions to defined contribution pension schemes
6,423
9,543

202,251
310,825


During the year retirement benefits were accruing to 1 director (2023 - 1) in respect of defined contribution pension schemes.


8.


Interest receivable and similar income

2024
2023
£
£


Other interest receivable
233
200

Page 22

 

CYBSAFE LTD

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

9.


Interest payable and similar expenses

2024
2023
£
£


Other loan interest payable
-
52,521


10.


Taxation


2024
2023
£
£

Corporation tax


Current tax on profits for the year
(257,776)
(946,226)


Total current tax
(257,776)
(946,226)

Deferred tax

Total deferred tax
-
-


Tax on loss
(257,776)
(946,226)

Factors affecting tax charge for the year/period

The tax assessed for the year/period is higher than (2023 - higher than) the standard rate of corporation tax in the UK of 25% (2023 - 22.5%). The differences are explained below:

2024
2023
£
£


Loss on ordinary activities before tax
(6,146,290)
(11,912,747)


Loss on ordinary activities multiplied by standard rate of corporation tax in the UK of 25% (2023 - 22.5%)
(1,536,573)
(2,680,368)

Effects of:


Expenses not deductible for tax purposes, other than goodwill amortisation and impairment
237,065
186,848

Research and development tax credit
(257,776)
(946,226)

Unrelieved tax losses not recognised
1,299,508
2,493,520

Total tax charge for the year/period
(257,776)
(946,226)


Factors that may affect future tax charges

There are no factors that may affect future tax charges.

Page 23

 

CYBSAFE LTD

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

11.


Intangible assets




Computer software

£



Cost


At 1 January 2024
4,098,414


Additions
1,384,133



At 31 December 2024

5,482,547



Amortisation


At 1 January 2024
1,253,237


Charge for the year
873,607



At 31 December 2024

2,126,844



Net book value



At 31 December 2024
3,355,703



At 31 December 2023
2,845,177



Page 24

 

CYBSAFE LTD

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

12.


Tangible fixed assets





Office equipment

£



Cost


At 1 January 2024
246,744


Disposals
(68,707)



At 31 December 2024

178,037



Depreciation


At 1 January 2024
143,060


Charge for the year
34,048


Disposals
(49,127)



At 31 December 2024

127,981



Net book value



At 31 December 2024
50,056



At 31 December 2023
103,684


13.


Debtors

2024
2023
£
£


Trade debtors
760,575
593,859

Other debtors
362,579
329,039

Prepayments and accrued income
296,887
618,146

Tax recoverable
1,204,002
946,226

2,624,043
2,487,270


Page 25

 

CYBSAFE LTD

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

14.


Creditors: Amounts falling due within one year

2024
2023
£
£

Trade creditors
113,508
338,043

Amounts owed to group undertakings
29,522,632
24,134,420

Corporation tax
31
31

Other taxation and social security
366,088
365,388

Other creditors
53,526
84,096

Accruals and deferred income
3,025,205
3,109,018

33,080,990
28,030,996


Amounts owed to group undertakings includes loans which are unsecured, interest free and have no fixed repayment date.


15.


Assets charged as security

The assets of Cybsafe Limited are pledged as security for a loan of £3,600,000 taken by the parent company, Cybsafe Holdings Limited. The security contains both fixed and floating charges over the company's assets.


16.


Share capital

2024
2023
£
£
Allotted, called up and fully paid



1 (2023 - 1) Ordinary share of £1.00
1
1

There is a single class of shares. There are no restrictions on the distribution of dividends or repayment of capital.



17.


Reserves

Share option reserves

Share option reserves have arisen from the share-based payment charge. The shares over which the options were issued are that of the company.

Profit and loss account

The profit and loss account includes all current and prior period retained profits and losses.

Page 26

 

CYBSAFE LTD

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

18.


Share-based payments

The company operates an equity-settled employee share option plan valued using Black-Scholes model, under which options have been granted to individuals at an exercise price equal to an agreed price of the company's shares on the date of the grant.
Options grant the holder the option to subscribe to share in the company, upon the occurrence of specified corporate activity which includes, but is not limited to a share sale or reorganisation.
During the year, new options were granted as detailed below:

Weighted average exercise price (pence)
Number
Weighted average exercise price
(pence)
Number

Outstanding at the beginning of the year

3.09

579,304

29
 
240,731
 
Granted during the year

0.44

1,023,392

3.13
 
378,699
 
Forfeited during the year

3.63

(266,402)

0.72
 
(40,126)
 
Outstanding at the end of the year
0.93

1,336,294

3.09
 
579,304
 



2024
2023
£
£


Equity-settled schemes
1,177,389
3,727


19.


Pension commitments

The company made employee pension contributions during the year of £322,084 (2023: £496,937).  £29,863 was payable to the scheme at the balance sheet date (2023: £37,584).


20.


Commitments under operating leases

At 31 December 2024 the company had future minimum lease payments due under non-cancellable operating leases for each of the following periods:

2024
2023
£
£


Not later than 1 year
31,680
174,240


21.


Related party transactions

The company has taken advantage of the exemption contained in FRS 102 section 33 "Related Party Disclosures" from disclosing transactions with entities which are wholly owned part of the group.

Page 27

 

CYBSAFE LTD

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

22.


Post balance sheet events

In October 2025, the group secured additional funding of £5.15m.


23.


Parent undertaking

The smallest and largest group for which consolidated financial statements are drawn up is headed by Cybsafe Holdings Limited, whose registered office is 5 New Street Square, London, EC4A 3TW.

 
Page 28