Company No: 12561072 (England and Wales)

Contents

• Company Information
• Balance Sheet
• Notes to the Financial Statements

DIRECTORS	Mr S Fraser
	Mr D Holland

REGISTERED OFFICE	1 Market Street
	Altrincham
	WA14 1QE
	United Kingdom

COMPANY NUMBER

12561072 (England and Wales)

CHARTERED ACCOUNTANTS	PM+M Solutions for Business LLP
	New Century House
	Greenbank Technology Park
	Challenge Way
	Blackburn
	BB1 5QB

	Note	2025		2024
		£		£
Fixed assets
Investment property	4	12,375,000		7,823,198
		12,375,000		7,823,198
Current assets
Debtors
- due within one year	5	46,580		426,263
- due after more than one year	5	1,423,399		2,488,764
Cash at bank and in hand		413,201		616,313
		1,883,180		3,531,340
Creditors: amounts falling due within one year	6	( 8,403,793)		( 10,306,171)
Net current liabilities		(6,520,613)		(6,774,831)
Total assets less current liabilities		5,854,387		1,048,367
Provision for liabilities		1,086,865		( 134,451)
Net assets		6,941,252		913,916
Capital and reserves
Called-up share capital		100		100
Revaluation reserve	7	3,663,949		403,354
Profit and loss account		3,277,203		510,462
Total shareholders' funds		6,941,252		913,916

For the financial year ending 31 March 2025 the Company was entitled to exemption from audit under section 477 of the Companies Act 2006 relating to small companies.

Directors' responsibilities:

• The members have not required the Company to obtain an audit of its financial statements for the financial year in accordance with section 476;
• The directors acknowledge their responsibilities for complying with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006 with respect to accounting records and the preparation of financial statements; and
• These financial statements have been prepared and delivered in accordance with the provisions applicable to companies subject to the small companies regime and a copy of the Profit and Loss Account has not been delivered.

The financial statements of Cainus Ltd (registered number: 12561072) were approved and authorised for issue by the Board of Directors on 22 December 2025. They were signed on its behalf by:

Mr D Holland Director

Mr S Fraser Director

1. Accounting policies

The principal accounting policies are summarised below. They have all been applied consistently throughout the financial year and to the preceding financial year, unless otherwise stated.

General information and basis of accounting

Cainus Ltd (the Company) is a private company, limited by shares, incorporated in the United Kingdom under the Companies Act 2006 and is registered in England and Wales. The address of the Company's registered office is 1 Market Street, Altrincham, WA14 1QE, United Kingdom.

The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention, modified to include the revaluation of freehold properties and to include investment properties and certain items at fair value, and in accordance with Section 1A of Financial Reporting Standard 102 (FRS 102) ‘The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland’ issued by the Financial Reporting Council and the requirements of the Companies Act 2006 as applicable to companies subject to the small companies regime.

The financial statements are presented in pounds sterling which is the functional currency of the Company and rounded to the nearest £.

Turnover

Turnover is stated net of VAT and trade discounts and is recognised when the significant risks and rewards are considered to have been transferred to the buyer. Turnover from the supply of services represents the value of services provided under contracts to the extent that there is a right to consideration and is recorded at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable. Where a contract has only been partially completed at the Balance Sheet date turnover represents the fair value of the service provided to date based on the stage of completion of the contract activity at the Balance Sheet date. Where payments are received from customers in advance of services provided, the amounts are recorded as deferred income and included as part of creditors due within one year.

Taxation

Current tax
Current tax is provided at amounts expected to be paid (or recoverable) using the tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted at the Balance Sheet date.

Deferred tax
Deferred tax arises as a result of including items of income and expenditure in taxation computations in periods different from those in which they are included in the Company's financial statements. Deferred tax is provided in full on timing differences which result in an obligation to pay more or less tax at a future date, at the average tax rates that are expected to apply when the timing differences reverse, based on current tax rates and laws. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are not discounted.

The carrying amount of deferred tax assets are reviewed at each reporting date and a valuation allowance is set up against deferred tax assets so that the net carrying amount equals the highest amount that is more likely than not to be recovered based on current or future taxable profit.

Tangible fixed assets

Tangible fixed assets are stated at cost or valuation, net of depreciation and any provision for impairment. Depreciation is provided on all tangible fixed assets, other than investment property and freehold land, at rates calculated to write off the cost or valuation, less estimated residual value, of each asset on a straight-line or reducing balance basis over its expected useful life, as follows:

Residual value represents the estimated amount which would currently be obtained from disposal of an asset, after deducting estimated costs of disposal, if the asset were already of the age and in the condition expected at the end of its useful life.

The gain or loss arising on the disposal of an asset is determined as the difference between the sale proceeds and the carrying value of the asset, and is credited or charged to profit or loss.

Properties whose fair value can be measured reliably are held under the revaluation model and are carried at a revalued amount, being their fair value at the date of valuation less any subsequent accumulated depreciation and subsequent accumulated impairment losses. The fair value of the land and buildings is usually considered to be their market value.

Revaluation gains and losses are recognised in other comprehensive income and accumulated in equity, except to the extent that a revaluation gain reverses a revaluation loss previously recognised in profit or loss or a revaluation loss exceeds the accumulated revaluation gains recognised in equity; such gains and losses are recognised in profit or loss.

Impairment of assets

Assets, other than those measured at fair value, are assessed for indicators of impairment at each Balance Sheet date. If there is objective evidence of impairment, an impairment loss is recognised in the Profit and Loss Account as described below.

Investment property

Investment property is initially recognised at cost, which includes the purchase cost and any directly attributable expenditure. Subsequently it is measured at fair value at each reporting date with changes in fair value recognised in profit or loss. Deferred taxation is provided on these gains at the rate expected to apply when the property is sold.

The fair value is determined annually by the directors, on an open market value for existing use basis.

Financial instruments

Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognised when the Company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument.

Financial liabilities and equity instruments are classified according to the substance of the contractual arrangements entered into. An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of the Company after deducting all of its liabilities.

Financial assets and liabilities are only offset in the Balance Sheet when, and only when there exists a legally enforceable right to set off the recognised amounts and the Company intends either to settle on a net basis, or to realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.

Basic financial assets
Basic financial assets, which include debtors and cash and bank balances, are initially measured at transaction price including transaction costs and are subsequently carried at amortised cost using the effective interest method unless the arrangement constitutes a financing transaction, where the transaction is measured at the present value of the future receipts discounted at a market rate of interest. Financial assets classified as receivable within one year are not amortised.

Financial assets are derecognised when and only when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the financial asset expire or are settled, or the Company transfers to another party substantially all of the risks and rewards of ownership of the financial asset, or the Company, despite having retained some, but not all, significant risks and rewards of ownership, has transferred control of the asset to another party.

Basic financial liabilities
Basic financial liabilities, including creditors, bank loans, loans from fellow group companies and preference shares that are classified as debt, are initially recognised at transaction price unless the arrangement constitutes a financing transaction, where the debt instrument is measured at the present value of the future payments discounted at a market rate of interest. Financial liabilities classified as payable within one year are not amortised.

Debt instruments are subsequently carried at amortised cost, using the effective interest rate method.

Trade creditors are obligations to pay for goods or services that have been acquired in the ordinary course of business from suppliers. Amounts payable are classified as current liabilities if payment is due within one year or less. If not, they are presented as non-current liabilities. Trade creditors are recognised initially at transaction price and subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method.

Financial liabilities are derecognised when the company’s contractual obligations expire or are discharged or cancelled.

Equity instruments
Equity instruments issued by the Company are recorded at the fair value of cash or other resources received or receivable, net of direct issue costs. If payment is deferred and the time value of money is material, the initial measurement is on a present value basis. Dividends payable on equity instruments are recognised as liabilities once they are no longer at the discretion of the Company.

Fair value measurement
The best evidence of fair value is a quoted price for an identical asset in an active market. When quoted prices are unavailable, the price of a recent transaction for an identical asset provides evidence of fair value as long as there has not been a significant change in economic circumstances or a significant lapse of time since the transaction took place. If the market is not active and recent transactions of an identical asset on their own are not a good estimate of fair value, the fair value is estimated by using a valuation technique.

Provisions

Provisions are recognised when the Company has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, it is probable that the Company will be required to settle that obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation.

The amount recognised as a provision is the best estimate of the consideration required to settle the present obligation at the Balance Sheet date, taking into account the risks and uncertainties surrounding the obligation. Where a provision is measured using the cash flows estimated to settle the present obligation, its carrying amount is the present value of those cash flows (when the effect of the time value of money is material).

When some or all of the economic benefits required to settle a provision are expected to be recovered from a third party, a receivable is recognised as an asset if it is virtually certain that reimbursement will be received and the amount of the receivable can be measured reliably.

2. Critical accounting judgements and key sources of estimation uncertainty

In the application of the Company’s accounting policies, the directors are required to make judgements that have a significant impact on the amounts recognised. The following are the critical judgements that the directors have made in the process of applying the Company’s accounting policies and that have the most significant effect on the amounts recognised in the financial statements.

The directors have assessed the fair value of the investment property based on their knowledge of the local market, recent comparable transactions, and professional judgement. No external valuation was obtained. Due to the inherent subjectivity involved in estimating fair value, actual results may differ from those estimates. The directors consider that the valuation represents their best estimate of the fair value at the reporting date. Changes in market conditions, rental yields, or other assumptions could result in material adjustments to the carrying amount of the investment property in future periods.

3. Employees

	2025		2024
	Number		Number
Monthly average number of persons employed by the Company during the year, including directors	2		2

4. Investment property

	Investment property
	£
Valuation
As at 01 April 2024	7,823,198
Additions	204,343
Fair value movement	4,347,460
As at 31 March 2025	12,375,000

Valuation

Investment property was valued on an open market basis on 31 March 2025 by the directors.

5. Debtors

	2025		2024
	£		£
Debtors: amounts falling due within one year
Trade debtors	62		405,691
Amounts owed by related parties	19,448		18,216
Prepayments and accrued income	3,766		2,356
VAT recoverable	23,304		0
	46,580		426,263
Debtors: amounts falling due after more than one year
Other debtors	1,423,399		2,488,764

6. Creditors: amounts falling due within one year

	2025		2024
	£		£
Trade creditors	16,646		627,513
Amounts owed to related parties	4,421,683		6,176,371
Taxation and social security	152,831		88,226
Other creditors	3,812,633		3,414,061
	8,403,793		10,306,171

7. Fair value reserve

	2025		2024
	£		£
At the beginning of the year	403,354		403,354
Movement - transfers in	3,260,595		0
At the end of the year	3,663,949		403,354

8. Related party transactions

Network Plus Services Ltd

Included within income is rental income at the market rate to the related party of £765,000 (2024: £721,918).

Included within trade debtors is an amount of £Nil (2024: £229,500) owed by the related party.

DWH FIC Limited

A company of which D Holland is a director and shareholder. The amount due to the related party at 31 March 2025 is £1,476,787 (2024: £1,341,341). The loan is subject to interest at 7% per annum and is repayable on demand.

In addition to the above, at 31 March 2025 there is an amount of £1,039,333 (2024: £1,520,783) due to the related party. This amount is subject to interest at 7% per annum and is repayable on demand.

MAM 32 Limited

A company of which S Fraser is a director and shareholder. The amount due to the related party at 31 March 2025 is £1,476,684 (2024: 1,341,341). The loan is subject to interest at 7% per annum and is repayable on demand.

In addition to the above, at 31 March 2025 there is an amount of £1,905,563 (2024: £3,314,247) due to the related party. This amount is subject to interest at 7% per annum and is repayable on demand.

Fraser Family Invesco Limited

A company of which S Fraser is a director, included within debtors at 31 March 2025 there is an amount of £19,448 (2024: £18,216) due from the related party. This amount is subject to interest at 7% per annum and is repayable on demand.

Director's Advances - D Holland

An amount of £279,474 (2024: (£1,725,000)) has been advanced to the director during the year. The amount due to the director at 31 March 2025 is £1,475,930 (2024: £1,755,404). This amount is interest free and repayable on demand.

Director's Advances - S Fraser

An amount of £961,982 (2024: £22,000) has been advanced to the company during the year from S Fraser. Advances of £122,000 have been made to the director during the year. The amount outstanding at 31 March 2025 is £839,982 (2024: £Nil).