ACCOUNTS - Final Accounts preparation

Registered number: 13456140

ADVANCED CYBER DEFENCE SYSTEMS LIMITED

FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

INFORMATION FOR FILING WITH THE REGISTRAR

FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2025

ADVANCED CYBER DEFENCE SYSTEMS LIMITED

COMPANY INFORMATION

Directors	Jonathan Smith (appointed 15 June 2021)
	Elliott Sinclair Wilkes (appointed 15 June 2021)


Registered number	13456140


Registered office	85 Great Portland Street
	England,
	W1W7LT


Accountants	Ashings Limited
	Chartered Accountants
	Northside House
	Mount Pleasant
	Cockfosters
	Herts
	EN4 9EB

ADVANCED CYBER DEFENCE SYSTEMS LIMITED

CONTENTS

	Page
Balance Sheet	1 - 2
Notes to the Financial Statements	3 - 8

ADVANCED CYBER DEFENCE SYSTEMS LIMITED

REGISTERED NUMBER: 13456140

BALANCE SHEET

AS AT 31 MARCH 2025

		2025		2024
Note		£		£

Fixed assets
Intangible assets	4		661,449		301,816
Tangible assets	5		17,278		18,025
			678,727		319,841
Current assets
Debtors		61,702		8,557
Cash at bank and in hand		22,322		30,628
		84,024		39,185
Creditors: amounts falling due within one year		(352,225)		(424,303)
Net current liabilities			(268,201)		(385,118)
Total assets less current liabilities			410,526		(65,277)

Net assets/(liabilities)			410,526		(65,277)

Capital and reserves
Called up share capital	2	2
Profit and loss account	410,524	(65,279)
	410,526	(65,277)

The directors consider that the Company is entitled to exemption from audit under section 477 of the Companies Act 2006 and members have not required the Company to obtain an audit for the year in question in accordance with section 476 of the Companies Act 2006.

The directors acknowledge their responsibilities for complying with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006 with respect to accounting records and the preparation of financial statements.

The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the provisions applicable to companies subject to the small companies regime and in accordance with the provisions of FRS 102 Section 1A - small entities.

The financial statements have been delivered in accordance with the provisions applicable to companies subject to the small companies regime.

The Company has opted not to file the statement of income and retained earnings in accordance with provisions applicable to companies subject to the small companies' regime.

The financial statements were approved and authorised for issue by the board and were signed on its behalf on 18 December 2025.

Jonathan Smith

Director

Page 1

ADVANCED CYBER DEFENCE SYSTEMS LIMITED

REGISTERED NUMBER: 13456140

BALANCE SHEET (CONTINUED)

AS AT 31 MARCH 2025

The notes on pages 3 to 8 form part of these financial statements.

Page 2

ADVANCED CYBER DEFENCE SYSTEMS LIMITED

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2025

1.	General information

The entity is a private company l;imited by shares incorporated in Engaklnbd with registered office situated at 85 Great Portland Street, London, England, W1W 7LT

2.Accounting policies

2.1

Basis of preparation of financial statements

The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention unless otherwise specified within these accounting policies and in accordance with Financial Reporting Standard 102, the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and the Republic of Ireland and the requirements and the Companies Act 2006. The disclosure requirements of Section 1A of FRS 102 have been applied other than where additional disclosure is required to show a true and fair view.

The following principal accounting policies have been applied:

2.2

Foreign currency translation

Functional and presentation currency

The Company's functional and presentational currency is GBP.

Transactions and balances

Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using the spot exchange rates at the dates of the transactions.

At each period end foreign currency monetary items are translated using the closing rate. Non-monetary items measured at historical cost are translated using the exchange rate at the date of the transaction and non-monetary items measured at fair value are measured using the exchange rate when fair value was determined.

Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of transactions and from the translation at period-end exchange rates of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are recognised in profit or loss except when deferred in other comprehensive income as qualifying cash flow hedges.

Foreign exchange gains and losses that relate to borrowings and cash and cash equivalents are presented in the Statement of Income and Retained Earnings within 'finance income or costs'. All other foreign exchange gains and losses are presented in profit or loss within 'other operating income'.

Page 3

ADVANCED CYBER DEFENCE SYSTEMS LIMITED

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2025

2.Accounting policies (continued)

2.3

Revenue

Revenue is recognised to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the revenue can be reliably measured. Revenue is measured as the fair value of the consideration received or receivable, excluding discounts, rebates, value added tax and other sales taxes. The following criteria must also be met before revenue is recognised:

Sale of goods

Revenue from the sale of goods is recognised when all of the following conditions are satisfied:

∙the Company has transferred the significant risks and rewards of ownership to the buyer;

∙the Company retains neither continuing managerial involvement to the degree usually associated with ownership nor effective control over the goods sold;

∙the amount of revenue can be measured reliably;

∙it is probable that the Company will receive the consideration due under the transaction; and

∙the costs incurred or to be incurred in respect of the transaction can be measured reliably.

Rendering of services

Revenue from a contract to provide services is recognised in the period in which the services are provided in accordance with the stage of completion of the contract when all of the following conditions are satisfied:

∙the amount of revenue can be measured reliably;

∙it is probable that the Company will receive the consideration due under the contract;

∙the stage of completion of the contract at the end of the reporting period can be measured reliably; and

∙the costs incurred and the costs to complete the contract can be measured reliably.

2.4

Operating leases: the Company as lessee

Rentals paid under operating leases are charged to profit or loss on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

Benefits received and receivable as an incentive to sign an operating lease are recognised on a straight-line basis over the lease term, unless another systematic basis is representative of the time pattern of the lessee's benefit from the use of the leased asset.

2.5

Research and development

In the research phase of an internal project it is not possible to demonstrate that the project will generate future economic benefits and hence all expenditure on research shall be recognised as an expense when it is incurred. Intangible assets are recognised from the development phase of a project if and only if certain specific criteria are met in order to demonstrate the asset will generate probable future economic benefits and that its cost can be reliably measured. The capitalised development costs are subsequently amortised on a straight-line basis over their useful economic lives, which range from 3 to 6 years.

If it is not possible to distinguish between the research phase and the development phase of an internal project, the expenditure is treated as if it were all incurred in the research phase only.

Page 4

ADVANCED CYBER DEFENCE SYSTEMS LIMITED

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2025

2.Accounting policies (continued)

2.6

Finance costs

Finance costs are charged to profit or loss over the term of the debt using the effective interest method so that the amount charged is at a constant rate on the carrying amount. Issue costs are initially recognised as a reduction in the proceeds of the associated capital instrument.

2.7

Borrowing costs

All borrowing costs are recognised in profit or loss in the year in which they are incurred.

2.8

Pensions

Defined contribution pension plan

The Company operates a defined contribution plan for its employees. A defined contribution plan is a pension plan under which the Company pays fixed contributions into a separate entity. Once the contributions have been paid the Company has no further payment obligations.

The contributions are recognised as an expense in profit or loss when they fall due. Amounts not paid are shown in accruals as a liability in the Balance Sheet. The assets of the plan are held separately from the Company in independently administered funds.

2.9

Taxation

Tax is recognised in profit or loss except that a charge attributable to an item of income and expense recognised as other comprehensive income or to an item recognised directly in equity is also recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity respectively.

The current income tax charge is calculated on the basis of tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date in the countries where the Company operates and generates income.

2.10

Intangible assets

Intangible assets are initially recognised at cost. After recognition, under the cost model, intangible assets are measured at cost less any accumulated amortisation and any accumulated impairment losses.

All intangible assets are considered to have a finite useful life. If a reliable estimate of the useful life cannot be made, the useful life shall not exceed ten years.

2.11

Tangible fixed assets

Tangible fixed assets under the cost model are stated at historical cost less accumulated depreciation and any accumulated impairment losses. Historical cost includes expenditure that is directly attributable to bringing the asset to the location and condition necessary for it to be capable of operating in the manner intended by management.

Page 5

ADVANCED CYBER DEFENCE SYSTEMS LIMITED

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2025

2.Accounting policies (continued)

2.11

Tangible fixed assets (continued)

Depreciation is charged so as to allocate the cost of assets less their residual value over their estimated useful lives, using the straight-line method.

Depreciation is provided on the following basis:

Fixtures and fittings	-	33%
Office equipment	-	25%
Other fixed assets	-

The assets' residual values, useful lives and depreciation methods are reviewed, and adjusted prospectively if appropriate, or if there is an indication of a significant change since the last reporting date.

Gains and losses on disposals are determined by comparing the proceeds with the carrying amount and are recognised in profit or loss.

2.12

Debtors

Short-term debtors are measured at transaction price, less any impairment. Loans receivable are measured initially at fair value, net of transaction costs, and are measured subsequently at amortised cost using the effective interest method, less any impairment.

2.13

Cash and cash equivalents

Cash is represented by cash in hand and deposits with financial institutions repayable without penalty on notice of not more than 24 hours. Cash equivalents are highly liquid investments that mature in no more than three months from the date of acquisition and that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash with insignificant risk of change in value.

2.14

Creditors

Short-term creditors are measured at the transaction price. Other financial liabilities, including bank loans, are measured initially at fair value, net of transaction costs, and are measured subsequently at amortised cost using the effective interest method.

2.15

Dividends

Equity dividends are recognised when they become legally payable. Interim equity dividends are recognised when paid. Final equity dividends are recognised when approved by the shareholders at an annual general meeting.

Employees

The average monthly number of employees, including directors, during the year was 10 (2024 - 10).

Page 6

ADVANCED CYBER DEFENCE SYSTEMS LIMITED

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2025

4.	Intangible assets

		Development expenditure
		£
	Cost
	At 1 April 2024	414,802
	Additions - internal	617,777
	At 31 March 2025	1,032,579
	Amortisation
	At 1 April 2024	112,985
	Charge for the year on owned assets	258,145
	At 31 March 2025	371,130
	Net book value
	At 31 March 2025	661,449
	At 31 March 2024	301,816

Page 7

ADVANCED CYBER DEFENCE SYSTEMS LIMITED

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2025

5.	Tangible fixed assets

	Fixtures and fittings	Other fixed assets	Total
	£	£	£
Cost or valuation
At 1 April 2024	219	23,762	23,981
Additions	-	6,052	6,052
At 31 March 2025	219	29,814	30,033
Depreciation
At 1 April 2024	18	5,939	5,957
Charge for the year on owned assets	18	6,780	6,798
At 31 March 2025	36	12,719	12,755
Net book value
At 31 March 2025	183	17,095	17,278
At 31 March 2024	201	17,824	18,025

6.	Pension commitments

The Company operates a defined contributions pension scheme. The assets of the scheme are held separately from those of the Company in an independently administered fund. The pension cost charge represents contributions payable by the Company to the fund and amounted to £83,873 (2024 - £6,022) . Contributions totalling £1,423 (2024 - £1,354) were payable to the fund at the balance sheet date and are included in creditors.

7.	Related party transactions
	Key management comprised the directors who received £112,500 (2024 - £132,500) remuneration and £46,093 (2024 - £Nil) pension contributions.

8.	Controlling party

The directors do not regard the company as being under the control of any one person or entity.

Page 8