The directors present the strategic report for the year ended 31 March 2025.

EPPH Limited is engaged in the provision of mechanical and electrical (M&E) contracting services, including design, installation, testing, drainage and maintenance of building systems for commercial, residential and industrial clients throughout the UK.

The company delivered a solid performance during the year, securing several key projects within the commercial fit-out, residential development and public-sector refurbishment markets.

Despite ongoing challenges in the construction supply chain and inflationary cost pressures, the company maintained a healthy pipeline of work and continued to invest in staff training and operational efficiency.

The attached financial statements highlight a healthy 23% increase in turnover from £16.2 million in 2024 to £19.9 million in 2025 which was greater than projected at the beginning of the financial year. This was as a direct result of the secured contracts across England as mentioned below.

The company continues to maintain a strong and stable cash position heading into 2026.

2025 saw growth in the company’s financial position of 96%, with net assets of £4.38 million at the balance sheet date.

The directors consider this report to provide a fair, balanced, and comprehensive review of the company’s performance and position at the year end, consistent with its size and complexity.

During 2025, the company:

• Strengthened its presence in London, the Southeast and the Northeast by securing framework agreements with established contractors.

• Continued to focus on energy-efficient and sustainable building services solutions, including the integration of renewable technologies and PV solutions.

• Enhanced internal processes, including digital project tracking and improved procurement coordination.

Further detail on financial performance and position is set out in the accompanying financial statements.

The directors have identified the following principal risks and uncertainties facing the business:

• Market risk: Exposure to fluctuations in construction activity and project start delays, particularly in the private residential and commercial sectors.

• Operational risk: Dependence on skilled labour, subcontractor performance, and supply chain reliability.

• Health and safety risk: The M&E industry involves significant safety responsibilities on site; the company maintains strict compliance with health and safety regulations and training.

• Credit risk: Dependence on timely payment from main contractors and clients.

• Regulatory risk: Compliance with building standards, sustainability requirements, and changes to M&E regulations.

Mitigation measures include robust project management systems, credit control procedures, and regular monitoring of supplier and client relationships.

The company’s financial risk management objectives are to maintain adequate liquidity and safeguard the company’s assets.

Financial risks are managed through:

• Careful selection of clients and credit management;

• Regular cash flow forecasting;

• Negotiation of fair payment terms

The directors remain optimistic about the outlook for 2025/26.

EPPH Limited will continue to:

• Strengthen its position in the M&E contracting market;

• Pursue opportunities in sustainable energy systems

• Invest in staff development and digital tools to support efficient project delivery.

This Strategic Report was approved by the Board of Directors and signed on its behalf by:

The directors present their annual report and financial statements for the year ended 31 March 2025.

The principal activity of the company continued to be that of plumbing, electrical, heat and air-conditioning installation.

Further details of the company's business review, principal risks and uncertainties, and future developments are set out in the Strategic Report.

The results for the year are set out on page 10.

No ordinary dividends were paid. The directors do not recommend payment of a final dividend.

The directors who held office during the year and up to the date of signature of the financial statements were as follows:

The directors consider liquidity risk to be low to the company, managed through sufficient cash reserves and access to bank facilities.

Cash flow risk is managed through regular forecasting and project-level monitoring.

All customers who wish to trade on credit terms are subject to credit verification procedures and staged payments. Trade debtors are monitored on an ongoing basis and provision is made for doubtful debts where necessary.

Price risk is managed through fixed-price supplier agreements and early material procurement.

So far as each person who was a director at the date of approving this report is aware, there is no relevant audit information of which the company’s auditor is unaware. Additionally, the directors individually have taken all the necessary steps that they ought to have taken as directors in order to make themselves aware of all relevant audit information and to establish that the company’s auditor is aware of that information.

The comparative figures presented in these financial statements for the year ended 31 March 2024 have not been audited. This is because that year was not subject to a statutory audit requirement. The current year, ended 31 March 2025, represents the first year in which EPPH Limited is required to have its financial statements audited under the Companies Act 2006. Accordingly, the comparative information is unaudited, while the figures for the year ended 31 March 2025 have been audited.

This report has been prepared in accordance with the provisions applicable to companies entitled to the medium-sized companies exemption.

The directors are responsible for preparing the annual report and the financial statements in accordance with applicable law and regulations.

Company law requires the directors to prepare financial statements for each financial year. Under that law the directors have elected to prepare the financial statements in accordance with United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice (United Kingdom Accounting Standards and applicable law). Under company law, the directors must not approve the financial statements unless they are satisfied that they give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the company and of the profit or loss of the company for that period.

In preparing these financial statements, the directors are required to:

• select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently;

• make judgements and accounting estimates that are reasonable and prudent; and

• prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that the company will continue in business.

The directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that are sufficient to show and explain the company’s transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the company and enable them to ensure that the financial statements comply with the Companies Act 2006. They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the company and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities.

Qualified opinion on financial statements

We have audited the financial statements of EPPH Limited (the 'company') for the year ended 31 March 2025 which comprise the statement of comprehensive income, the balance sheet, the statement of changes in equity, the statement of cash flows and notes to the financial statements, including significant accounting policies. The financial reporting framework that has been applied in their preparation is applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards, including Financial Reporting Standard 102 The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice).

In our opinion, except for the effects of the matter described in the Basis for Qualified Opinion paragraph, the financial statements:

• give a true and fair view of the state of the company's affairs as at 31 March 2025 and of its profit for the year then ended;

• have been properly prepared in accordance with United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice; and

• have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006.

Basis for qualified opinion

As described in note 2 to the financial statements, there has been a change in the company’s revenue recognition policy during the year. Historically, revenue was recognised based on milestone billing, which in some cases did not align with the timing of work performed and satisfaction of performance obligations. The company’s financial statements for previous years were not subject to audit, as the statutory audit threshold was not met. Consequently, the opening balances were unaudited; however, they have been reviewed in the context of the current year’s audit work and revenue recognition policy.

Our review identified that in the previous year, revenue and profit were recognised ahead of work being performed, due to milestone billing not aligning with performance obligations. In other instances, work had been completed but revenue was not recognised, despite meeting the criteria under FRS 102. Information required to apply the revised stage of completion approach was not available at the previous year end and using current information may reflect conditions that did not exist at that date. Therefore, a prior year adjustment for these over or under recognitions has not been made by management.

Whilst we are satisfied with the application of the revised revenue recognition policy as at 31 March 2025, there remains a limitation of scope as we are unable to obtain sufficient appropriate audit evidence over the stage of completion of open contracts at 31 March 2024. Consequently, we were unable to quantify adjustments necessary to the opening balances of work in progress, amounts due to and from contract customers and retained earnings as at 31 March 2024, and as a result to the related elements of the statement of comprehensive income for the current year. In addition, were any adjustments to be made, the strategic report would also need to be amended.

We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and applicable law. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditor's responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements section of our report. We are independent of the company in accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in the UK, including the FRC’s Ethical Standard, and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our qualified opinion.

Conclusions relating to going concern

In auditing the financial statements, we have concluded that the directors' use of the going concern basis of accounting in the preparation of the financial statements is appropriate.

Based on the work we have performed, we have not identified any material uncertainties relating to events or conditions that, individually or collectively, may cast significant doubt on the company's ability to continue as a going concern for a period of at least twelve months from when the financial statements are authorised for issue.

Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of the directors with respect to going concern are described in the relevant sections of this report.

Other information

The other information comprises the information included in the annual report other than the financial statements and our auditor's report thereon. The directors are responsible for the other information contained within the annual report. Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and, except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in our report, we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon. Our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the course of the audit, or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If we identify such material inconsistencies or apparent material misstatements, we are required to determine whether this gives rise to a material misstatement in the financial statements themselves. If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact.

As described in the basis for qualified opinion section of our report, we were unable to satisfy ourselves concerning the opening balances of work in progress, amounts due to and from contract customers and retained earnings as at 31 March 2024, and as a result the related elements of the statement of comprehensive income for the current year. We have concluded that where the other information refers to these opening balances or related elements of the statement of comprehensive income for the current year, it may be materially misstated for the same reason.

Opinions on other matters prescribed by the Companies Act 2006

Except for the possible effects of the matter described in the basis for qualified opinion section of our report, in our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of our audit:

• the information given in the strategic report and the directors' report for the financial year for which the financial statements are prepared is consistent with the financial statements; and

• the strategic report and the directors' report have been prepared in accordance with applicable legal requirements.

Except for the matter described in the basis for the qualified opinion section of our report, in the light of the knowledge and understanding of the company and its environment obtained in the course of the audit, we have not identified material misstatements in the strategic report or the directors' report.

Arising solely from the limitation on the scope of our work relating to stage of completion of work in progress as at 31 March 2024, referred to above:

• we have not obtained all the information and explanations that we considered necessary for the purpose of our audit of opening balances; and

• we were unable to determine whether adequate accounting records have been kept in respect of opening balances.

We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters in relation to which the Companies Act 2006 requires us to report to you if, in our opinion:

• returns adequate for our audit have not been received from branches not visited by us; or

• the financial statements are not in agreement with the accounting records and returns; or

• certain disclosures of directors' remuneration specified by law are not made.

As explained more fully in the directors' responsibilities statement, the directors are responsible for the preparation of the financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair view, and for such internal control as the directors determine is necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error. In preparing the financial statements, the directors are responsible for assessing the company's ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the directors either intend to liquidate the company or to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so.

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor's report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements.

A further description of our responsibilities is available on the Financial Reporting Council’s website at: https://www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities. This description forms part of our auditor's report.

Extent to which the audit was considered capable of detecting irregularities, including fraud

Irregularities, including fraud, are instances of non-compliance with laws and regulations. We design procedures in line with our responsibilities, outlined above and on the Financial Reporting Council’s website, to detect material misstatements in respect of irregularities, including fraud.

We obtain and update our understanding of the entity, its activities, its control environment, and likely future developments, including in relation to the legal and regulatory framework applicable and how the entity is complying with that framework. Based on this understanding, we identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to fraud or error, design and perform audit procedures responsive to those risks, and obtain audit evidence that is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. This includes consideration of the risk of acts by the entity that were contrary to applicable laws and regulations, including fraud.

In response to the risk of irregularities and non-compliance with laws and regulations, including fraud, we designed procedures which included:

• Enquiry of management and those charged with governance around actual and potential litigation and claims as well as actual, suspected and alleged fraud;

• Reviewing minutes of meetings of those charged with governance;

• Assessing the extent of compliance with the laws and regulations considered to have a direct material effect on the financial statements or the operations of the company through enquiry and inspection;

• Reviewing financial statement disclosures and testing to supporting documentation to assess compliance with applicable laws and regulations;

• Performing audit work over the risk of management bias and override of controls, including testing of journal entries and other adjustments for appropriateness, evaluating the business rationale of significant transactions outside the normal course of business and reviewing accounting estimates for indicators of potential bias.

Because of the inherent limitations of an audit, there is a risk that we will not detect all irregularities, including those leading to a material misstatement in the financial statements or non-compliance with regulation. This risk increases the more that compliance with a law or regulation is removed from the events and transactions reflected in the financial statements, as we will be less likely to become aware of instances of non-compliance. The risk of not detecting a material misstatement resulting from fraud is higher than for one resulting from error, as fraud may involve collusion, forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations, or the override of internal control.

Other matters

The comparative information presented for the year ended 31 March 2024 has not been audited. Accordingly, we do not express an opinion on the comparative information.

Use of our report

This report is made solely to the company's members, as a body, in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of the Companies Act 2006. Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the company's members those matters we are required to state to them in an auditor's report and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other than the company and the company's members as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we have formed.

The profit and loss account has been prepared on the basis that all operations are continuing operations.

These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the provisions relating to medium-sized companies.

EPPH Limited is a private company limited by shares incorporated in England and Wales. The registered office is Unit 20-21, Riverside Industrial Park, Rapier Street, Ipswich, IP2 8JX.

These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with FRS 102 “The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland” (“FRS 102”) and the requirements of the Companies Act 2006.

The financial statements are prepared in sterling, which is the functional currency of the company. Monetary amounts in these financial statements are rounded to the nearest £.

The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention. The principal accounting policies adopted are set out below.

The directors have assessed the going concern status of the company and concluded the accounts should be prepared on a going concern basis. true

Turnover is recognised at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable for services provided in the normal course of business, and is shown net of VAT and other sales related taxes. The fair value of consideration takes into account trade discounts, settlement discounts and volume rebates.

The nature, timing of satisfaction of performance obligations and significant payment terms of the company's major sources of revenue are as follows:

Revenue from contracts for the provision of installation services is recognised by reference to the stage of completion when the stage of completion, costs incurred and costs to complete can be estimated reliably. The stage of completion is calculated by comparing costs incurred, mainly in relation to contractual hourly staff rates and materials, as a proportion of total costs. Where the outcome cannot be estimated reliably, revenue is recognised only to the extent of the expenses recognised that it is probable will be recovered.

Revenue from maintenance services is recognised over the period in which services are provided.

For ad-hoc maintenance or installation work, revenue is recognised when the service is completed.

Intangible assets acquired separately from a business are recognised at cost and are subsequently measured at cost less accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses.

Intangible assets acquired on business combinations are recognised separately from goodwill at the acquisition date where it is probable that the expected future economic benefits that are attributable to the asset will flow to the entity and the fair value of the asset can be measured reliably; the intangible asset arises from contractual or other legal rights; and the intangible asset is separable from the entity.

Amortisation is recognised so as to write off the cost or valuation of assets less their residual values over their useful lives on the following bases:

Tangible fixed assets are initially measured at cost and subsequently measured at cost net of depreciation and any impairment losses.

Depreciation is recognised so as to write off the cost of assets less their residual values over their useful lives on the following bases:

The gain or loss arising on the disposal of an asset is determined as the difference between the sale proceeds and the carrying value of the asset, and is credited or charged to profit or loss.

At each reporting period end date, the company reviews the carrying amounts of its tangible and intangible assets to determine whether there is any indication that those assets have suffered an impairment loss. If any such indication exists, the recoverable amount of the asset is estimated in order to determine the extent of the impairment loss (if any). Where it is not possible to estimate the recoverable amount of an individual asset, the company estimates the recoverable amount of the cash-generating unit to which the asset belongs.

Recoverable amount is the higher of fair value less costs to sell and value in use. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset for which the estimates of future cash flows have not been adjusted.

If the recoverable amount of an asset (or cash-generating unit) is estimated to be less than its carrying amount, the carrying amount of the asset (or cash-generating unit) is reduced to its recoverable amount. An impairment loss is recognised immediately in profit or loss, unless the relevant asset is carried at a revalued amount, in which case the impairment loss is treated as a revaluation decrease.

Recognised impairment losses are reversed if, and only if, the reasons for the impairment loss have ceased to apply. Where an impairment loss subsequently reverses, the carrying amount of the asset (or cash-generating unit) is increased to the revised estimate of its recoverable amount, but so that the increased carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined had no impairment loss been recognised for the asset (or cash-generating unit) in prior years. A reversal of an impairment loss is recognised immediately in profit or loss, unless the relevant asset is carried at a revalued amount, in which case the reversal of the impairment loss is treated as a revaluation increase.

Stocks are stated at the lower of cost and estimated selling price less costs to complete and sell. Cost comprises direct materials and, where applicable, direct labour costs and those overheads that have been incurred in bringing the stocks to their present location and condition.

Costs incurred in relation to installation work prior to obtaining a contract or being able to measure the outcome of the work reliably are recorded as work in progress.

At each reporting date, an assessment is made for impairment. Any excess of the carrying amount of stocks over its estimated selling price less costs to complete and sell is recognised as an impairment loss in profit or loss. Reversals of impairment losses are also recognised in profit or loss.

Cash and cash equivalents are basic financial assets and include cash in hand, deposits held at call with banks, other short-term liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less, and bank overdrafts. Bank overdrafts are shown within borrowings in current liabilities.

The company has elected to apply the provisions of Section 11 ‘Basic Financial Instruments’ and Section 12 ‘Other Financial Instruments Issues’ of FRS 102 to all of its financial instruments.

Financial instruments are recognised in the company's balance sheet when the company becomes party to the contractual provisions of the instrument.

Financial assets and liabilities are offset, with the net amounts presented in the financial statements, when there is a legally enforceable right to set off the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis or to realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.

Basic financial assets, which include debtors and cash and bank balances, are initially measured at transaction price including transaction costs and are subsequently carried at amortised cost using the effective interest method unless the arrangement constitutes a financing transaction, where the transaction is measured at the present value of the future receipts discounted at a market rate of interest. Financial assets classified as receivable within one year are not amortised.

Financial assets, other than those held at fair value through profit and loss, are assessed for indicators of impairment at each reporting end date.

Financial assets are impaired where there is objective evidence that, as a result of one or more events that occurred after the initial recognition of the financial asset, the estimated future cash flows have been affected. If an asset is impaired, the impairment loss is the difference between the carrying amount and the present value of the estimated cash flows discounted at the asset’s original effective interest rate. The impairment loss is recognised in profit or loss.

If there is a decrease in the impairment loss arising from an event occurring after the impairment was recognised, the impairment is reversed. The reversal is such that the current carrying amount does not exceed what the carrying amount would have been, had the impairment not previously been recognised. The impairment reversal is recognised in profit or loss.

Financial assets are derecognised only when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the asset expire or are settled, or when the company transfers the financial asset and substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership to another entity, or if some significant risks and rewards of ownership are retained but control of the asset has transferred to another party that is able to sell the asset in its entirety to an unrelated third party.

Financial liabilities and equity instruments are classified according to the substance of the contractual arrangements entered into. An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of the company after deducting all of its liabilities.

Basic financial liabilities, including creditors, bank loans, loans from fellow group companies and preference shares that are classified as debt, are initially recognised at transaction price unless the arrangement constitutes a financing transaction, where the debt instrument is measured at the present value of the future payments discounted at a market rate of interest. Financial liabilities classified as payable within one year are not amortised.

Debt instruments are subsequently carried at amortised cost, using the effective interest rate method.

Trade creditors are obligations to pay for goods or services that have been acquired in the ordinary course of business from suppliers. Amounts payable are classified as current liabilities if payment is due within one year or less. If not, they are presented as non-current liabilities. Trade creditors are recognised initially at transaction price and subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method.

Financial liabilities are derecognised when the company’s contractual obligations expire or are discharged or cancelled.

Equity instruments issued by the company are recorded at the proceeds received, net of transaction costs. Dividends payable on equity instruments are recognised as liabilities once they are no longer at the discretion of the company.

The tax expense represents the sum of the tax currently payable and deferred tax.

The tax currently payable is based on taxable profit for the year. Taxable profit differs from net profit as reported in the profit and loss account because it excludes items of income or expense that are taxable or deductible in other years and it further excludes items that are never taxable or deductible. The company’s liability for current tax is calculated using tax rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the reporting end date.

Deferred tax liabilities are generally recognised for all timing differences and deferred tax assets are recognised to the extent that it is probable that they will be recovered against the reversal of deferred tax liabilities or other future taxable profits. Such assets and liabilities are not recognised if the timing difference arises from goodwill or from the initial recognition of other assets and liabilities in a transaction that affects neither the tax profit nor the accounting profit.

The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at each reporting end date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profits will be available to allow all or part of the asset to be recovered. Deferred tax is calculated at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the period when the liability is settled or the asset is realised. Deferred tax is charged or credited in the profit and loss account, except when it relates to items charged or credited directly to equity, in which case the deferred tax is also dealt with in equity. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset when the company has a legally enforceable right to offset current tax assets and liabilities and the deferred tax assets and liabilities relate to taxes levied by the same tax authority.

The costs of short-term employee benefits are recognised as a liability and an expense, unless those costs are required to be recognised as part of the cost of stock or fixed assets.

The cost of any unused holiday entitlement is recognised in the period in which the employee’s services are received.

Termination benefits are recognised immediately as an expense when the company is demonstrably committed to terminate the employment of an employee or to provide termination benefits.

Payments to defined contribution retirement benefit schemes are charged as an expense as they fall due.

Leases are classified as finance leases whenever the terms of the lease transfer substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership to the lessees. All other leases are classified as operating leases.

Assets held under finance leases are recognised as assets at the lower of the assets fair value at the date of inception and the present value of the minimum lease payments. The related liability is included in the balance sheet as a finance lease obligation. Lease payments are treated as consisting of capital and interest elements. The interest is charged to profit or loss so as to produce a constant periodic rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability.

Rentals payable under operating leases, including any lease incentives received, are charged to profit or loss on a straight line basis over the term of the relevant lease except where another more systematic basis is more representative of the time pattern in which economic benefits from the leases asset are consumed.

Defined contribution pension plan

The Company operates a defined contribution plan for its employees. A defined contribution plan is a

pension plan under which the Company pays fixed contributions into a separate entity. Once the

contributions have been paid the Company has no further payment obligations.

The contributions are recognised as an expense in profit or loss when they fall due. Amounts not paid

are shown in accruals as a liability in the Balance Sheet. The assets of the plan are held separately

from the Company in independently administered funds.

Revenue recognition

During the year, the company reviewed its revenue recognition policy in relation to long-term contracts. Historically, revenue was recognised based on milestone billing, with revenue recognised when invoices were raised, independent of whether the underlying performance obligations had been satisfied.

Following this review, the company has adopted a revised policy whereby revenue is recognised based on the stage of completion of each contract, measured by reference to costs incurred to date as a proportion of total estimated contract costs. This approach is considered to better reflect the transfer of economic benefits and performance obligations under FRS 102.

Impact on Opening Balances

The company has identified that certain contracts in prior periods included revenue and profit recognised in advance of work being performed, due to milestone billing not being aligned with performance obligations. In other cases, work had been performed but no revenue was recognised, despite meeting the criteria under FRS 102 for revenue recognition.

As a result, the opening balances of work in progress, amounts due to and from contract customers and retained earnings may be misstated. The company has not restated these balances, and the impact has not been adjusted in the current year financial statements. The audit opinion has been qualified in respect of this matter.

In the application of the company’s accounting policies, the directors are required to make judgements, estimates and assumptions about the carrying amount of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. The estimates and associated assumptions are based on historical experience and other factors that are considered to be relevant. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised in the period in which the estimate is revised where the revision affects only that period, or in the period of the revision and future periods where the revision affects both current and future periods.

Long-term contracts with customers

Revenue from long-term contracts is recognised based on stage of completion, determined by costs incurred to date as a proportion of total estimated costs. This requires judgement in estimating total contract costs and final margin. Management apply their experience of similar projects and historical outcomes when determining these estimates but they are subject to uncertainty and changes could affect the amount of revenue recognised.

The average monthly number of persons (including directors) employed by the company during the year was:

Their aggregate remuneration comprised:

The number of directors for whom retirement benefits are accruing under defined contribution schemes amounted to 4 (2024 - 2).

The actual charge for the year can be reconciled to the expected charge for the year based on the profit or loss and the standard rate of tax as follows:

Included within tangible fixed assets are assets held under finance leases or hire purchase contracts, as follows:

Finance lease obligations represent hire purchase liabilities that are secured on the assets to which they relate.

The following are the major deferred tax liabilities and assets recognised by the company and movements thereon:

The company operates a defined contribution pension scheme for all qualifying employees. The assets of the scheme are held separately from those of the company in an independently administered fund.

Shares carry equal voting rights, rights to dividends, and rights to the distribution of capital upon winding up. There are no restrictions attached to the shares.

The company's reserves comprise the following:

This reserve represents cumulative profits and losses retained in the business after dividends have been paid. The balance on this reserve is distributable.

At the reporting end date the company had outstanding commitments for future minimum lease payments under non-cancellable operating leases, which fall due as follows:

At 31 March 2025, balances owed by directors totalled £743,735 (2024: £489,797 creditor), in the form of directors loan accounts. Interest charged on these accounts during the year totalled £10,747 (2024: £nil). During the year sales of £93,148 (2024: £nil) and net advancements £1,129,637 were made to directors.

There were other balances owed by related parties at the year end of £13,243 (2024: £nil).

The ultimate controlling party is EPPH Holding Company Limited, with a registered address of Unit 20-21, Riverside Industrial Park Rapier Street, Ipswich, Suffolk, England, IP2 8JX. EPPH Holding Company Limited is the parent of the smallest and largest group for which group accounts are prepared.

EPPH Limited accounts are consolidated into the parent's group accounts.