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xbrli:pure

Registration number: 05886274 (England & Wales)

Forward Waste Management Limited
Annual Report and Financial Statements
for the Year Ended 30 June 2025

Forward Waste Management Limited

Contents

Company Information | 1
Strategic Report | 2 to 3
Directors' Report | 4 to 5
Statement of Directors' Responsibilities | 6
Independent Auditor's Report | 7 to 9
Profit and Loss Account | 10
Balance Sheet | 11
Statement of Changes in Equity | 12
Statement of Cash Flows | 13
Notes to the Financial Statements | 14 to 29

Forward Waste Management Limited

Company Information

Directors | E R Coggins J A Jasper L P L Ward W J Ward

Company secretary | L P L Ward

Registered office | Forward House East Moors Road Cardiff CF24 5EE

Auditors | Hazlewoods LLP Staverton Court Staverton Cheltenham GL51 0UX

Forward Waste Management Limited

Strategic Report for the Year Ended 30 June 2025

The directors present their strategic report for the year ended 30 June 2025.

Principal activity

The principal activity of the company is the provision of waste management services and the manufacture, supply and hiring out of waste processing equipment.

Fair review of the business

The results for the year which are set out in the profit and loss account show turnover of £9,759,018 (2024 - £10,160,365) and an operating profit of £515,530 (2024 - £535,931).
The company’s key financial and other performance indicators during the year were turnover, operating profit and EBITDA (earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortization). The table below illustrates a growth in both turnover and performance.

|  |  |  | Unit | 2025 | 2024
Turnover |  |  |  | £ | 9,759,018 | 10,160,365
Gross profit margin |  |  |  | % | 34.9 | 34.6
Operating profit |  |  |  | £ | 515,530 | 535,931
EBITDA |  |  |  | £ | 1,066,235 | 1,115,829

The directors consider the results for the year and the financial position at the year-end to be positive, with the gross profit margin remaining strong despite the reduced turnover level and impact of higher levels of National Insurance contributions.
During the year we have achieved growth in the hazardous waste transfer station which has contributed to the increase in gross profit margin. This division is able to offer bespoke solutions to more complex waste requirements and the pipeline for additional growth in the following year is strong.
The ‘Enviroquip’ division has continued to manufacture innovative waste handling and processing solutions that provide real time management data, underpinning the group objective of ‘reducing waste in every way’. More research and development is planned in this area over the next twelve month period.
The focus for the company continues to be on delivering sustainable waste management services in line with the waste hierarchy. The directors are committed to ensuring excellent customer service and are pleased to report a strong retention of customers. We pride ourselves on being able to offer a next day collection service, a dedicated customer account manager and quick response times of less than an hour to emails or phone calls.
During the year investment has also been made in a customer portal to enhance this customer service offering.
The company has continued to repay the Coronavirus Business Interruption Loan (‘CBILS’) with £160,000 of payments during the year, reducing the loan to £506,667 at the year end.
The directors continue to be committed to ensuring an exemplary standard for health & safety. The company has maintained its qualifications in ISO14001 Environmental Management, ISO45001 Health & Safety Management and ISO9001 Quality Management.
The company has also continued to invest significantly in the training and development of all staff, particularly the senior management team, to ensure that we have the platform for future growth to complement the site infrastructure.
The company has maintained absolute focus in driving the values of the company:
 Trust;
 Preparation;
 Persistence;
 Thoroughness; and
 Creativity.

Forward Waste Management Limited

Strategic Report for the Year Ended 30 June 2025

Principal risks and uncertainties

The directors continually review and evaluate the risks that the company is facing and continue to apply a prudent approach to the management of the business. The company’s operations expose it to a variety of risks as noted in the report of directors. The company has a strong risk management culture that seeks to limit the adverse effects on the financial performance of the company by monitoring and taking steps to manage the factors that contribute to such risks.

Future developments
The business has a strong balance sheet which enables continued growth in the medium to long term. The outlook for the following year remains positive as we continue to service our existing customer base, and in addition grow the engineering and hazardous waste divisions.

Approved by the Board on 7 January 2026 and signed on its behalf by:

L P L Ward
Director

Forward Waste Management Limited

Directors' Report for the Year Ended 30 June 2025

The directors present their report and the financial statements for the year ended 30 June 2025.

Directors of the company

The directors who held office during the year were as follows:

E R Coggins

J A Jasper

L P L Ward

W J Ward

Matters covered in the strategic report
The company's business environment and risks, together with details of monitoring undertaken by the directors and future developments are dealt with elsewhere in the strategic report.

Financial instruments

Objectives and policies

The directors have close involvement in the day to day running of the business and, as such, have detailed knowledge of the financial risks of the business. The objectives of financial risk management are to ensure the company has sufficient working capital and resources to be able to continue the business' growth strategy. The directors have put in systems and controls which monitor financial risk and highlight when potential issues may occur. Management have a good attitude towards financial risk and a detailed knowledge of the business and industry.

Price risk, credit risk, liquidity risk and cash flow risk

Price risk
Through careful monitoring of the company’s market place and competitors the company’s exposure to price risk is kept to a minimum.
Credit risk
Credit risk is the risk that one party to a financial instrument will cause a financial loss for the other party by failing to discharge an obligation. Company policies are aimed at minimizing such losses by adopting strict credit worthiness procedures and monitoring customer payment histories. The company has a large customer base of varying size and risk which covers a large geographical area and therefore minimizes the impact should a customer default on its terms.
Liquidity risk
Liquidity risk is the risk that an entity will encounter difficulty in meeting obligations associated with financial liabilities. The company aims to mitigate liquidity risk by managing cash generation by its operations.
Cash flow risk
Cash flow risk is the risk that inflows and outflows of cash and cash equivalents will not be sufficient to finance day-to-day operations of the company. The company manages cash flow by careful negotiation of terms with customers and suppliers to maintain available funds to meet its liabilities as they fall due.

Going concern

The directors have prepared cash flow forecasts for the company for more than 12 months from the approval of the financial statements. After reviewing the company’s forecasts, and on the assumption that the bank continues to support the company, the directors have a reasonable expectation that the company has adequate resources to continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future. The directors therefore consider it appropriate to prepare the financial statements on a going concern basis. The financial statements do not include any adjustment that would result from insufficient facilities being made available to the company.

Directors' liabilities

The company has made qualifying third party indemnity provisions for the benefit of its directors during the year. These provisions remain in force at the reporting date.

Forward Waste Management Limited

Directors' Report for the Year Ended 30 June 2025

Disclosure of information to the auditors

Each director has taken steps that they ought to have taken as a director in order to make themselves aware of any relevant audit information and to establish that the company's auditors are aware of that information. The directors confirm that there is no relevant information that they know of and of which they know the auditors are unaware.

Reappointment of auditors

The auditors Hazlewoods LLP are deemed to be reappointed under section 487(2) of the Companies Act 2006.

Approved by the Board on 7 January 2026 and signed on its behalf by:

L P L Ward
Director

Forward Waste Management Limited

Statement of Directors' Responsibilities

The directors acknowledge their responsibilities for preparing the Annual Report and the financial statements in accordance with applicable law and regulations.

Company law requires the directors to prepare financial statements for each financial year. Under that law the directors have elected to prepare the financial statements in accordance with United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice (United Kingdom Accounting Standards and applicable law). Under company law the directors must not approve the financial statements unless they are satisfied that they give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the company and of the profit or loss of the company for that period. In preparing these financial statements, the directors are required to:

• | select suitable accounting policies and apply them consistently;

• | make judgements and accounting estimates that are reasonable and prudent;

• | state whether applicable United Kingdom Accounting Standards have been followed, subject to any material departures disclosed and explained in the financial statements; and

• | prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that the company will continue in business.

The directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that are sufficient to show and explain the company's transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the company and enable them to ensure that the financial statements comply with the Companies Act 2006. They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the company and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities.

Forward Waste Management Limited

Independent Auditor's Report to the Members of Forward Waste Management Limited

Opinion

We have audited the financial statements of Forward Waste Management Limited (the 'company') for the year ended 30 June 2025, which comprise the Profit and Loss Account, Balance Sheet, Statement of Changes in Equity, Statement of Cash Flows, and Notes to the Financial Statements, including a summary of significant accounting policies. The financial reporting framework that has been applied in their preparation is applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards, including Financial Reporting Standard 102 The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice).

In our opinion the financial statements:

• | give a true and fair view of the state of the company's affairs as at 30 June 2025 and of its profit for the year then ended;
• | have been properly prepared in accordance with United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice; and
• | have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006.

Basis for opinion

We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and applicable law. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the auditor responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements section of our report. We are independent of the company in accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in the UK, including the FRC’s Ethical Standard, and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.

Conclusions relating to going concern

In auditing the financial statements, we have concluded that the directors' use of the going concern basis of accounting in the preparation of the financial statements is appropriate.

Based on the work we have performed, we have not identified any material uncertainties relating to events or conditions that, individually or collectively, may cast significant doubt on the company's ability to continue as a going concern for a period of at least twelve months from when the original financial statements were authorised for issue.

Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of the directors with respect to going concern are described in the relevant sections of this report.

Other information

The directors are responsible for the other information. The other information comprises the information included in the annual report, other than the financial statements and our auditor’s report thereon. Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and, except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in our report, we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon.

In connection with our audit of the financial statements, our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the audit or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If we identify such material inconsistencies or apparent material misstatements, we are required to determine whether there is a material misstatement in the financial statements or a material misstatement of the other information. If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact.

We have nothing to report in this regard.

Opinion on other matter prescribed by the Companies Act 2006

In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of the audit:

• | the information given in the Strategic Report and Directors' Report for the financial year for which the financial statements are prepared is consistent with the financial statements; and

• | the Strategic Report and Directors' Report been prepared in accordance with applicable legal requirements.

Forward Waste Management Limited

Independent Auditor's Report to the Members of Forward Waste Management Limited

Matters on which we are required to report by exception

In the light of our knowledge and understanding of the company and its environment obtained in the course of the audit, we have not identified material misstatements in the Strategic Report and the Directors' Report.

We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters where the Companies Act 2006 requires us to report to you if, in our opinion:

• | adequate accounting records have not been kept, or returns adequate for our audit have not been received from branches not visited by us; or
• | the financial statements are not in agreement with the accounting records and returns; or
• | certain disclosures of directors' remuneration specified by law are not made; or
• | we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit.

Responsibilities of directors

As explained more fully in the Statement of Directors' Responsibilities set out on page 6, the directors are responsible for the preparation of the financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair view, and for such internal control as the directors determine is necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.

In preparing the financial statements, the directors are responsible for assessing the company's ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the directors either intend to liquidate the company or to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so.

Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements.

Extent to which the audit was capable of detecting irregularities, including fraud
Irregularities, including fraud, are instances of non-compliance with laws and regulations. We design procedures in line with our responsibilities, outlined above, to detect material misstatements in respect of irregularities, including fraud. The extent to which our procedures are capable of detecting irregularities, including fraud is detailed below:
We considered the nature of the company’s industry and its control environment and reviewed the company’s documentation of their policies and procedures relating to fraud and compliance with laws and regulations. We also enquired of management about their own identification and assessment of the risks of irregularities.
We obtained an understanding of the legal and regulatory framework that the company operates in and identified the key laws and regulations that had a direct effect on the determination of material amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, including the UK Companies Act and tax legislation, and, those that do not have a direct effect on the financial statements but compliance with which may be fundamental to the company’s ability to operate or to avoid a material penalty.
We discussed among the audit engagement team regarding the opportunities and incentives that may exist within the organisation for fraud and how and where fraud might occur in the financial statements.

In common with all audits conducted in accordance with ISAs (UK), we are also required to perform specific procedures to respond to the risk of management override of controls. In addressing the risk of fraud through management override of controls, we tested the appropriateness of journal entries and other adjustments; assessed whether the judgements made in accounting estimates are indicative of a potential bias; and evaluated the business rationale of any significant transactions that are unusual or outside the normal course of business.
In addition to the above, our procedures to respond to the risks identified included the following:

• | reviewing financial statement disclosures by testing to supporting documentation to assess compliance with provisions of relevant laws and regulations described as having a direct effect on the financial statements;

• | performing analytical procedures to identify any unusual or unexpected relationships that may indicate risks of material misstatements due to fraud;

Forward Waste Management Limited

Independent Auditor's Report to the Members of Forward Waste Management Limited

• | enquiring of management concerning actual and potential litigation and claims and instances of non-compliance with laws and regulations; and

• | reading minutes of meetings of those charged with governance.

Our audit procedures were designed to respond to risks of material misstatement in the financial statements, recognising that the risk of not detecting a material misstatement due to fraud is higher than the risk of not detecting one resulting from error, as fraud may involve deliberate concealment by, for example, forgery, misrepresentations or through collusion. There are inherent limitations in the audit procedures performed and the further removed non-compliance with laws and regulations is from the events and transactions reflected in the financial statements, the less likely we are to become aware of it.

A further description of our responsibilities is available on the Financial Reporting Council's website at www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities. This description forms part of our auditor's report.

Use of this report
This report is made solely to the company’s members, as a body, in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of the Companies Act 2006. Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the company’s members those matters we are required to state to them in an auditor’s report and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other than the company and the company’s members as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we have formed.

Paul Fussell (Senior Statutory Auditor)
For and on behalf of Hazlewoods LLP, Statutory Auditor
Staverton Court
Staverton
Cheltenham
GL51 0UX

7 January 2026

Forward Waste Management Limited

Profit and Loss Account for the Year Ended 30 June 2025

| Note | 2025 £ | 2024 £
Turnover | 3 | 9,759,018 | 10,160,365
Cost of sales |  | (6,351,164) | (6,640,934)
Gross profit |  | 3,407,854 | 3,519,431
Administrative expenses |  | (2,892,975) | (2,984,360)
Other operating income | 4 | 651 | 860
Operating profit |  | 515,530 | 535,931
Other interest receivable and similar income | 6 | 2,760 | 2,643
Interest payable and similar expenses | 7 | (112,130) | (131,264)
Profit before tax |  | 406,160 | 407,310
Tax on profit | 11 | (103,222) | (77,614)
Profit for the financial year |  | 302,938 | 329,696

The above results were derived from continuing operations.

The company has no other comprehensive income for the year.

Forward Waste Management Limited

(Registration number: 05886274)
Balance Sheet as at 30 June 2025

| Note | 2025 £ | 2024 £
Fixed assets |  |  |
Intangible assets | 12 | 58,407 | 88,165
Tangible assets | 13 | 2,531,519 | 2,659,421
Investments | 14 | - | -
|  | 2,589,926 | 2,747,586
Current assets |  |  |
Stocks | 15 | 125,798 | 66,932
Debtors | 16 | 2,219,691 | 2,258,039
Cash at bank and in hand |  | 129,467 | 185,082
|  | 2,474,956 | 2,510,053
Creditors: Amounts falling due within one year | 18 | (2,558,613) | (2,665,277)
Net current liabilities |  | (83,657) | (155,224)
Total assets less current liabilities |  | 2,506,269 | 2,592,362
Creditors: Amounts falling due after more than one year | 18 | (550,731) | (646,273)
Provisions for liabilities | 20 | (448,791) | (496,280)
Net assets |  | 1,506,747 | 1,449,809
Capital and reserves |  |  |
Called up share capital | 22, 24 | 2,000 | 2,000
Capital redemption reserve | 24 | 138,792 | 138,792
Profit and loss account | 24 | 1,365,955 | 1,309,017
Total equity |  | 1,506,747 | 1,449,809

Approved and authorised by the Board on 7 January 2026 and signed on its behalf by:

L P L Ward
Director

Forward Waste Management Limited

Statement of Changes in Equity for the Year Ended 30 June 2025

| Share capital £ | Capital redemption reserve £ | Profit and loss account £ | Total £
At 1 July 2024 | 2,000 | 138,792 | 1,309,017 | 1,449,809
Profit for the year | - | - | 302,938 | 302,938
Dividends | - | - | (246,000) | (246,000)
At 30 June 2025 | 2,000 | 138,792 | 1,365,955 | 1,506,747

| Share capital £ | Capital redemption reserve £ | Profit and loss account £ | Total £
At 1 July 2023 | 2,000 | 138,792 | 1,225,321 | 1,366,113
Profit for the year | - | - | 329,696 | 329,696
Dividends | - | - | (246,000) | (246,000)
At 30 June 2024 | 2,000 | 138,792 | 1,309,017 | 1,449,809

Forward Waste Management Limited

Statement of Cash Flows for the Year Ended 30 June 2025

| Note | 2025 £ | 2024 £
Cash flows from operating activities
Profit for the year |  | 302,938 | 329,696
Adjustments to cash flows from non-cash items |  |  |
Depreciation and amortisation |  | 550,705 | 579,898
Profit on disposal of tangible assets |  | (45,995) | (91,124)
Loss on disposal of intangible assets |  | 895 | -
Finance income | 6 | (2,760) | (2,643)
Finance costs | 7 | 112,130 | 131,264
Income tax expense | 11 | 103,222 | 77,614
|  | 1,021,135 | 1,024,705
Working capital adjustments |  |  |
(Increase)/decrease in stocks |  | (58,866) | 14,419
Decrease in trade and other debtors |  | 38,348 | 35,248
Increase/(decrease) in trade and other creditors |  | 87,231 | (387,083)
Increase in provisions |  | 1,573 | 1,574
Decrease in deferred income, including government grants |  | (68,539) | (9,243)
Cash generated from operations |  | 1,020,882 | 679,620
Income taxes (paid)/received |  | (120,000) | 35,953
Net cash flow from operating activities |  | 900,882 | 715,573
Cash flows from investing activities |  |  |
Interest received | 6 | 2,760 | 2,550
Acquisitions of tangible assets |  | (357,349) | (369,489)
Proceeds from sale of tangible assets |  | 158,933 | 220,091
Net cash flows from investing activities |  | (195,656) | (146,848)
Cash flows from financing activities |  |  |
Interest paid |  | (112,130) | (131,264)
Repayment of bank borrowing |  | (160,000) | (160,000)
Proceeds from other borrowing draw downs |  | - | 88,416
Repayment of other borrowing |  | (141,141) | (1,832)
Payments to finance lease creditors |  | (101,570) | (94,518)
Dividends paid |  | (246,000) | (246,000)
Net cash flows from financing activities |  | (760,841) | (545,198)
Net (decrease)/increase in cash and cash equivalents |  | (55,615) | 23,527
Cash and cash equivalents at 1 July |  | 185,082 | 161,555
Cash and cash equivalents at 30 June | 17 | 129,467 | 185,082

Forward Waste Management Limited

Notes to the Financial Statements for the Year Ended 30 June 2025

| 1 | General information

The company is a private company limited by share capital, incorporated in the United Kingdom.

The address of its registered office is:
Forward House
East Moors Road
Cardiff
CF24 5EE

| 2 | Accounting policies

Statement of compliance

These financial statements were prepared in accordance with Financial Reporting Standard 102 'The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland and the Companies Act 2006'.

Basis of preparation

These financial statements have been prepared using the historical cost convention except for, where disclosed in these accounting policies, certain items that are shown at fair value.

The presentational currency of the financial statements is Pounds Sterling, being the functional currency of the primary economic environment in which the company operates. Monetary amounts in these financial statements are rounded to the nearest Pound.

Summary of significant accounting policies and key accounting estimates

The principal accounting policies applied in the preparation of these financial statements are set out below. These policies have been consistently applied to all the years presented, unless otherwise stated.

Going concern

The directors have prepared cash flow forecasts for the company for more than 12 months from the approval of the financial statements. After reviewing the company’s forecasts, and on the assumption that the bank continues to support the company, the directors have a reasonable expectation that the company has adequate resources to continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future. The directors therefore consider it appropriate to prepare the financial statements on a going concern basis. The financial statements do not include any adjustment that would result from insufficient facilities being made available to the company.

Critical accounting judgements and key sources of estimation uncertainty
In the application of the company’s accounting policies, the directors are required to make judgements, estimates and assumptions about the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. The estimates and associated assumptions are based on historical experience and other factors that are considered to be relevant. Actual results may differ from these estimates.
The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised in the period in which the estimate is revised if the revision affects only that period, or in the period of the revision and future periods if the revision affects both current and future periods.

Judgements

Management have made a significant judgement in regards to the dilapidations provision in the period. The carrying amount of the provision is £17,835 (2024: £16,262).

Key sources of estimation uncertainty

No key sources of estimation uncertainty have been identified by management in preparing these financial statements other than those detailed in these accounting policies.

Revenue recognition

Turnover comprises the fair value of the consideration received or receivable for the sale of goods and provision of services, including rentals, in the ordinary course of the company’s activities. Turnover is shown net of sales/value added tax, returns, rebates and discounts.

Forward Waste Management Limited

Notes to the Financial Statements for the Year Ended 30 June 2025

Government grants

Government grants are recognised based on the accrual model and are measured at the fair value of the asset received or receivable. Grants relating to revenue are recognised in income in the period over which the income is receivable.

Foreign currency transactions and balances

Transactions in foreign currencies are initially recorded at the functional currency rate prevailing at the date of the transaction. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are retranslated into the respective functional currency of the entity at the rates prevailing on the reporting period date. Non-monetary items carried at fair value that are denominated in foreign currencies are retranslated at the rates prevailing on the initial transaction dates.
Non-monetary items measured in terms of historical cost in a foreign currency are not retranslated.

Tax

The tax expense for the period comprises current and deferred tax. Tax is recognised in the profit and loss account, except that a charge attributable to an item of income or expense recognised as other comprehensive income is also recognised directly in other comprehensive income.

The current tax charge is calculated on the basis of tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the reporting date in the countries where the company operates and generates taxable income.

Deferred tax is recognised on temporary differences arising between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts in the financial statements and on unused tax losses or tax credits in the company. Deferred tax is determined using tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the reporting date.
The carrying amount of deferred tax assets are reviewed at each reporting date and a valuation allowance is set up against deferred tax assets so that the net carrying amount equals the highest amount that is more likely than not to be recovered based on current or future taxable profit.

Tangible assets

Tangible assets are stated in the statement of financial position at cost, less any subsequent accumulated depreciation and subsequent accumulated impairment losses.
The cost of tangible assets includes directly attributable incremental costs incurred in their acquisition and installation.

Depreciation

Depreciation is charged so as to write off the cost of assets, other than land and properties under construction over their estimated useful lives, as follows.
Motor vehicles are given a residual value based on the expected fair value of the assets at the end of their useful economic lives.

Asset class | Depreciation method and rate
Leasehold improvements | 10% - 20% on cost
Plant and machinery | 10% - 33% on cost
Motor Vehicles | 33% on cost and 25%-33% reducing balance
Furniture, fittings and equipment | 10% - 33% on cost
Computer equipment | 33% on cost

Business combinations

Business combinations are accounted for using the purchase method. The consideration for each acquisition is measured at the aggregate of the fair values at acquisition date of assets given, liabilities incurred or assumed, and equity instruments issued by the group in exchange for control of the acquired, plus any costs directly attributable to the business combination. When a business combination agreement provides for an adjustment to the cost of the combination contingent on future events, the group includes the estimated amount of that adjustment in the cost of the combination at the acquisition date if the adjustment is probable and can be measured reliably.

Forward Waste Management Limited

Notes to the Financial Statements for the Year Ended 30 June 2025

Intangible assets

Goodwill arising on the acquisition of an entity represents the excess of the cost of acquisition over the company’s interest in the net fair value of the identifiable assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities of the entity recognised at the date of acquisition. Goodwill is initially recognised as an asset at cost and is subsequently measured at cost less accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses. Goodwill is held in the currency of the acquired entity and revalued to the closing rate at each reporting period date.
Separately acquired environmental permits and software costs are shown at historical cost.

Amortisation

Amortisation is provided on intangible assets so as to write off the cost, less any estimated residual value, over their useful life. Amortisation is recognised in administrative expenses. The useful lives are as follows:

Asset class | Amortisation method and rate
Goodwill | 10 years straight line
Computer software | 3 - 6 years straight line
Environmental permits | 3 -10 years straight line

Investments

Investments in equity shares which are not publicly traded and where fair value cannot be measured reliably are measured at cost less impairment.

Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash on hand and call deposits, and other short-term highly liquid investments that are readily convertible to a known amount of cash and are subject to an insignificant risk of change in value.

Trade debtors

Trade debtors are amounts due from customers for merchandise sold or services performed in the ordinary course of business.
Trade debtors are recognised initially at the transaction price. All trade debtors are repayable within one year and hence are included at the undiscounted cost of cash expected to be received. A provision for the impairment of trade debtors is established when there is objective evidence that the company will not be able to collect all amounts due according to the original terms of the debtors.

Stocks

Stocks are stated at the lower of cost and estimated selling price less costs to complete and sell. Cost is determined using the first-in, first-out (FIFO) method.
The cost of finished goods and work in progress comprises direct materials and, where applicable, direct labour costs and those overheads that have been incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition. At each reporting date, stocks are assessed for impairment. If stocks are impaired, the carrying amount is reduced to its selling price less costs to complete and sell; the impairment loss is recognised immediately in profit or loss.

Trade creditors

Trade creditors are obligations to pay for goods or services that have been acquired in the ordinary course of business from suppliers. Accounts payable are classified as current liabilities if the company does not have an unconditional right, at the end of the reporting period, to defer settlement of the creditor for at least twelve months after the reporting date. If there is an unconditional right to defer settlement for at least twelve months after the reporting date, they are presented as non-current liabilities.
Trade creditors are recognised initially at the transaction price and all are repayable within one year and hence are included at the undiscounted amount of cash expected to be paid.

Forward Waste Management Limited

Notes to the Financial Statements for the Year Ended 30 June 2025

Borrowings

Interest-bearing borrowings are initially recorded at fair value, net of transaction costs. Interest-bearing borrowings are subsequently carried at amortised cost, with the difference between the proceeds, net of transaction costs, and the amount due on redemption being recognised as a charge to the profit and loss account over the period of the relevant borrowing.
Interest expense is recognised on the basis of the effective interest method and is included in interest payable and similar charges.
Borrowings are classified as current liabilities unless the company has an unconditional right to defer settlement of the liability for at least twelve months after the reporting date.

Provisions

Provisions are recognised when the company has an obligation at the reporting date as a result of a past event, it is probable that the company will be required to settle that obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation.

Leases

Leases in which substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership are retained by the lessor are classified as operating leases. Payments made under operating leases are charged to profit or loss on a straight-line basis over the period of the lease.
Leases are classified as finance leases whenever the terms of the lease transfer substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership to the lessee.
Assets held under finance leases are recognised at the lower of their fair value at inception of the lease and the present value of the minimum lease payments. These assets are depreciated on a straight-line basis over the shorter of the useful life of the asset and the lease term. The corresponding liability to the lessor is included in the Balance Sheet as a finance lease obligation.
Lease payments are apportioned between finance costs in the Profit and Loss Account and reduction of the lease obligation so as to achieve a constant periodic rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability.

Share capital

Ordinary shares are classified as equity. Equity instruments are measured at the fair value of the cash or other resources received or receivable, net of the direct costs of issuing the equity instruments. If payment is deferred and the time value of money is material, the initial measurement is on a present value basis.

Dividends

Dividend distribution to the company’s shareholders is recognised as a liability in the financial statements in the reporting period in which the dividends are declared.

Defined contribution pension obligation

A defined contribution plan is a pension plan under which fixed contributions are paid into a pension fund and the company has no legal or constructive obligation to pay further contributions even if the fund does not hold sufficient assets to pay all employees the benefits relating to employee service in the current and prior periods.
Contributions to defined contribution plans are recognised as employee benefit expense when they are due. If contribution payments exceed the contribution due for service, the excess is recognised as a prepayment.

Share based payments

The company issues equity share options to certain employees. Equity based share options are measured at their fair value at the date of the grant. The fair value of the options, determined at the grant date, is expensed over the vesting period. The Directors have appropriately assessed the fair value using the Black-Scholes model and deem the adjustment to be immaterial in respect of the share-based payment transactions.

Forward Waste Management Limited

Notes to the Financial Statements for the Year Ended 30 June 2025

Financial instruments

Classification
Financial instruments are classified and accounted for according to the substance of the contractual arrangement, as financial assets, financial liabilities or equity instruments. An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of the company after deducting all of its liabilities. Where shares are issued, any component that creates a financial liability of the company is presented as a liability on the balance sheet. The corresponding dividends relating to the liability component are charged as interest expenses in the profit and loss account.
Recognition and measurement
All financial assets and liabilities are initially measured at transaction price (including transaction costs), except for those financial assets classified as at fair value through profit or loss, which are initially measured at fair value (which is normally the transaction price excluding transaction costs), unless the arrangement constitutes a financing transaction. If an arrangement constitutes a financing transaction, the financial asset or financial liability is measured at the present value of the future payments discounted at a market rate of interest for a similar debt instrument.
Impairment
Assets, other than those measured at fair value, are assessed for indicators of impairment at each balance sheet date. If there is objective evidence of impairment, an impairment loss is recognised in profit or loss as described below.
A non financial asset is impaired where there is objective evidence that, as a result of one or more events that occurred after initial recognition, the estimated recoverable value of the asset has been reduced. The recoverable amount of an asset is the higher of its fair value less costs to sell and its value in use.
The recoverable amount of goodwill is derived from measurement of the present value of the future cash flows of the cash-generating units ('CGUs') of which the goodwill is a part. Any impairment loss in respect of a CGU is allocated first to the goodwill attached to that CGU, and then to other assets within that CGU on a pro-rata basis.
Where indicators exist for a decrease in impairment loss, the prior impairment loss is tested to determine reversal. An impairment loss is reversed on an individual impaired asset to the extent that the revised recoverable value does not lead to a revised carrying amount higher than the carrying value had no impairment been recognised. Where a reversal of impairment occurs in respect of a CGU, the reversal is applied first to the assets (other than goodwill) of the CGU on a pro-rata basis and then to any goodwill allocated to that CGU.
For financial assets carried at amortised cost, the amount of an impairment is the difference between the asset’s carrying amount and the present value of estimated future cash flows, discounted at the financial asset’s original effective interest rate.
For financial assets carried at cost less impairment, the impairment loss is the difference between the asset’s carrying amount and the best estimate of the amount that would be received for the asset if it were to be sold at the reporting date.
Where indicators exist for a decrease in impairment loss, and the decrease can be related objectively to an event occurring after the impairment was recognised, the prior impairment loss is tested to determine reversal. An impairment loss is reversed on an individual impaired financial asset to the extent that the revised recoverable value does not lead to a revised carrying amount higher than the carrying value had no impairment been recognised.

Forward Waste Management Limited

Notes to the Financial Statements for the Year Ended 30 June 2025

| 3 | Turnover

The analysis of the company's turnover for the year from continuing operations is as follows:

| 2025 £ | 2024 £
Rendering of services | 9,759,018 | 10,160,365

The analysis of the company's turnover for the year by market is as follows:

| 2025 £ | 2024 £
UK | 9,759,018 | 10,160,365

| 4 | Other operating income

The analysis of the company's other operating income for the year is as follows:

| 2025 £ | 2024 £
Miscellaneous other operating income | 651 | 860

| 5 | Operating profit

Arrived at after charging

| 2025 £ | 2024 £
Depreciation expense | 521,842 | 548,763
Amortisation expense | 28,863 | 31,135
Foreign exchange losses | 825 | 719
Operating lease expense - property | 252,974 | 249,326
Operating lease expense - other | 331,901 | 364,071

| 6 | Other interest receivable and similar income

| 2025 £ | 2024 £
Interest income on bank deposits | 2,760 | 2,550
Other interest receivable | - | 93
| 2,760 | 2,643

| 7 | Interest payable and similar expenses

| 2025 £ | 2024 £
Interest on bank overdrafts and borrowings | 82,969 | 102,779
Interest on obligations under finance leases and hire purchase contracts | 29,161 | 28,485
| 112,130 | 131,264

Forward Waste Management Limited

Notes to the Financial Statements for the Year Ended 30 June 2025

| 8 | Staff costs

The aggregate payroll costs (including directors' remuneration) were as follows:

| 2025 £ | 2024 £
Wages and salaries | 1,986,947 | 2,037,743
Social security costs | 213,970 | 216,587
Pension costs, defined contribution scheme | 49,483 | 52,719
| 2,250,400 | 2,307,049

The average number of persons employed by the company (including directors) during the year, analysed by category was as follows:

| 2025 No. | 2024 No.
Production | 23 | 25
Administration and support | 12 | 13
Sales, marketing and distribution | 19 | 21
| 54 | 59

| 9 | Directors' remuneration

The directors' remuneration for the year was as follows:

| 2025 £ | 2024 £
Remuneration | 143,494 | 129,664
Contributions paid to money purchase schemes | 2,850 | 2,436
| 146,344 | 132,100

During the year the number of directors who were receiving benefits and share incentives was as follows:

| 2025 No. | 2024 No.
Accruing benefits under money purchase pension scheme | 1 | 1

| 10 | Auditors' remuneration

| 2025 £ | 2024 £
Auditors' remuneration for audit services | 25,570 | 22,850
Auditors' remuneration for non-audit services | 4,200 | 5,500
| 29,770 | 28,350

Forward Waste Management Limited

Notes to the Financial Statements for the Year Ended 30 June 2025

| 11 | Taxation

Tax charged/(credited) in the profit and loss account

| 2025 £ | 2024 £
Current taxation |  |
UK corporation tax | 172,553 | 141,608
UK corporation tax adjustment to prior periods | (20,269) | (21,007)
| 152,284 | 120,601
Deferred taxation |  |
Arising from origination and reversal of timing differences | (50,468) | (20,345)
Arising from previously unrecognised tax loss, tax credit or temporary difference of prior periods | 1,406 | (22,642)
Total deferred taxation | (49,062) | (42,987)
Tax expense in the profit and loss account | 103,222 | 77,614

The tax on profit before tax for the year is higher than the standard rate of corporation tax in the UK (2024 - lower than the standard rate of corporation tax in the UK) of 25% (2024 - 25%).
The differences are reconciled below:

| 2025 £ | 2024 £
Profit before tax | 406,160 | 407,310
Corporation tax at standard rate | 101,540 | 101,804
Decrease in UK and foreign current tax from adjustment for prior periods | (20,269) | (21,007)
Tax increase from effect of capital allowances and depreciation | 15,511 | 18,175
Tax decrease from other short-term timing differences | (2,308) | (3,304)
Effect of revenues exempt from taxation | (163) | (215)
Effect of expense not deductible in determining taxable profit (tax loss) | 5,197 | 1,498
Deferred tax expense/(credit) from unrecognised temporary difference from a prior period | 1,406 | (22,642)
Tax increase from effect of indexation allowance on capital gains | 2,308 | 3,305
Total tax charge | 103,222 | 77,614

Forward Waste Management Limited

Notes to the Financial Statements for the Year Ended 30 June 2025

Deferred tax

Deferred tax assets and liabilities

2025 | Liability £
Fixed asset timing differences | 438,621
Short term timing differences | (7,665)
| 430,956

2024 | Liability £
Fixed asset timing differences | 486,952
Short term timing differences | (6,934)
| 480,018

The deferred tax liability as 30 June 2025 has been calculated at 25% (2024 - 25%).

| 12 | Intangible assets

| Goodwill £ | Computer software £ | Environmental permits £ | Total £
Cost
At 1 July 2024 | 86,131 | 96,042 | 80,574 | 262,747
Disposals | - | (895) | - | (895)
At 30 June 2025 | 86,131 | 95,147 | 80,574 | 261,852
Amortisation
At 1 July 2024 | 76,273 | 57,216 | 41,093 | 174,582
Amortisation charge | 4,930 | 9,457 | 14,476 | 28,863
At 30 June 2025 | 81,203 | 66,673 | 55,569 | 203,445
Carrying amount
At 30 June 2025 | 4,928 | 28,474 | 25,005 | 58,407
At 30 June 2024 | 9,858 | 38,826 | 39,481 | 88,165

Forward Waste Management Limited

Notes to the Financial Statements for the Year Ended 30 June 2025

| 13 | Tangible assets

| Leashold improvements £ | Furniture, fittings and equipment £ | Motor vehicles £ | Plant and machinery £ | Computer equipment £ | Total £
Cost
At 1 July 2024 | 517,311 | 87,184 | 627,108 | 5,880,416 | 152,019 | 7,264,038
Additions | 64,319 | 512 | 130,025 | 311,052 | 970 | 506,878
Disposals | - | - | (27,344) | (182,764) | - | (210,108)
At 30 June 2025 | 581,630 | 87,696 | 729,789 | 6,008,704 | 152,989 | 7,560,808
Depreciation
At 1 July 2024 | 214,559 | 82,182 | 425,176 | 3,779,954 | 102,746 | 4,604,617
Charge for the year | 55,943 | 3,191 | 106,849 | 333,103 | 22,756 | 521,842
Eliminated on disposal | - | - | (21,594) | (75,576) | - | (97,170)
At 30 June 2025 | 270,502 | 85,373 | 510,431 | 4,037,481 | 125,502 | 5,029,289
Carrying amount
At 30 June 2025 | 311,128 | 2,323 | 219,358 | 1,971,223 | 27,487 | 2,531,519
At 30 June 2024 | 302,752 | 5,002 | 201,932 | 2,100,462 | 49,273 | 2,659,421

Assets held under finance leases and hire purchase contracts

The net carrying amount of tangible assets includes the following amounts in respect of assets held under finance leases and hire purchase contracts:

| 2025 £ | 2024 £
Motor vehicles | 187,843 | 145,644
Plant and Machinery | 211,457 | 203,459
| 399,300 | 349,103

Forward Waste Management Limited

Notes to the Financial Statements for the Year Ended 30 June 2025

| 14 | Investments

| 2025 £ | 2024 £
Investments in subsidiaries | - | -

Subsidiaries | £
Cost
At 1 July 2024 | 100
At 30 June 2025 | 100
Provision |
At 1 July 2024 | 100
At 30 June 2025 | 100
Carrying amount
At 30 June 2025 | -
At 30 June 2024 | -

Details of undertakings

Details of the investments (including principal place of business of unincorporated entities) in which the company holds 20% or more of the nominal value of any class of share capital are as follows:

Undertaking | Registered office | Holding | Proportion of voting rights and shares held
|  |  | 2025 | 2024
Subsidiary undertakings
Enviroquip Limited | Forward House, East Moors Road, Cardiff, CF24 5EE | Ordinary | 100% | 100%

Subsidiary undertakings
Enviroquip Limited The principal activity of Enviroquip Limited is that of a dormant company.

| 15 | Stocks

| 2025 £ | 2024 £
Raw materials and consumables | 125,798 | 66,932

Forward Waste Management Limited

Notes to the Financial Statements for the Year Ended 30 June 2025

| 16 | Debtors

| 2025 £ | 2024 £
Trade debtors | 1,990,566 | 1,906,013
Other debtors | 8,733 | 11,524
Prepayments | 220,392 | 340,502
| 2,219,691 | 2,258,039

| 17 | Cash and cash equivalents

| 2025 £ | 2024 £
Cash at bank | 129,467 | 185,082

| 18 | Creditors

| Note | 2025 £ | 2024 £
Due within one year |  |  |
Loans and borrowings | 19 | 677,243 | 834,883
Trade creditors |  | 1,206,858 | 1,163,182
Social security and other taxes |  | 233,237 | 196,532
Outstanding defined contribution pension costs |  | 9,960 | 9,291
Accruals |  | 191,070 | 184,889
Corporation tax liability |  | 168,586 | 136,302
Deferred income |  | 71,659 | 140,198
|  | 2,558,613 | 2,665,277
Due after one year |  |  |
Loans and borrowings | 19 | 550,731 | 646,273

Forward Waste Management Limited

Notes to the Financial Statements for the Year Ended 30 June 2025

| 19 | Loans and borrowings

Current loans and borrowings

| 2025 £ | 2024 £
Bank borrowings | 160,000 | 160,000
Hire purchase contracts | 78,872 | 95,371
Directors' loan account | 1,318 | -
Other borrowings | 437,053 | 579,512
| 677,243 | 834,883

Non-current loans and borrowings

| 2025 £ | 2024 £
Bank borrowings | 346,667 | 506,667
Hire purchase contracts | 204,064 | 139,606
| 550,731 | 646,273

Amounts due under hire purchase agreements are secured on the assets to which they relate.
Other borrowings of £437,053 (2024 - £579,512) comprises an invoice discounting facility secured against certain trade debtors of the company.
Bank borrowings comprise a Coronavirus Business Interruption Loan ("CBILS") of £506,667 (2024 - £666,667) which attracts interest at 3.8% plus the bank base rate. The loan is repayable in equal instalments of £13,333 and a final capital repayment of £240,000 due in March 2027.
The bank loan is secured by a fixed charge over the assets of the company.

| 20 | Deferred tax and other provisions

| Deferred tax £ | Dilapidation provisions £ | Total £
At 1 July 2024 | 480,018 | 16,262 | 496,280
Increase in existing provisions | (49,062) | 1,573 | (47,489)
At 30 June 2025 | 430,956 | 17,835 | 448,791

The provision for dilapidations is recognised based on the management's best estimate of the likely committed cash flow. The dilapidations provision relates to rental properties, for which the leases expire in January 2030 and 2031.

| 21 | Pension and other schemes

Defined contribution pension scheme

The company operates a defined contribution pension scheme. The pension cost charge for the year represents contributions payable by the company to the scheme and amounted to £49,483 (2024 - £52,719).
Contributions totalling £9,960 (2024 - £9,291) were payable to the scheme at the end of the year and are included in creditors.

Forward Waste Management Limited

Notes to the Financial Statements for the Year Ended 30 June 2025

| 22 | Share capital

Allotted, called up and fully paid shares

| 2025 | 2024
| No. | £ | No. | £
Ordinary shares of £1 each | 1,371 | 1,371 | 1,371 | 1,371
Ordinary A shares of £1 each | 343 | 343 | 343 | 343
Deferred shares of £1 each | 286 | 286 | 286 | 286
| 2,000 | 2,000 | 2,000 | 2,000

Ordinary and Ordinary A shares rank pari passu in all respects. Deferred shares carry no rights to vote or distributions.

| 23 | Share-based payments

Employee share scheme

Scheme details and movements

The movements in the number of share options during the year were as follows:

| 2025 Number | 2024 Number
Outstanding, start of period | 80 | -
Granted during the period | - | 80
Outstanding, end of period | 80 | 80

On 30 September 2023, the company introduced an Enterprise Management Incentive (EMI) share option plan for certain employees.
These employees are entitled to exercise the share options when specific events have occurred as set out in the rules of the scheme.
The directors have assessed the fair value of the options and deem any adjustment in respect of share based payments to be immaterial. No charge has therefore been processed in the financial statements.

| 24 | Reserves

Called up share capital
Represents the issued equity share capital of the company.
Capital redemption reserve
Represents amounts paid following a redemption or share buyback in accordance with Companies Act 2006.
Profit and loss account
Represents cumulative profits and losses, net of dividends paid and other adjustments

Forward Waste Management Limited

Notes to the Financial Statements for the Year Ended 30 June 2025

| 25 | Obligations under leases and hire purchase contracts

Finance leases

The total of future minimum lease payments is as follows:

| 2025 £ | 2024 £
Not later than one year | 78,872 | 95,371
Later than one year and not later than five years | 204,064 | 139,606
| 282,936 | 234,977

Operating leases

The total of future minimum lease payments is as follows:

| 2025 £ | 2024 £
Not later than one year | 546,473 | 525,820
Later than one year and not later than five years | 1,107,983 | 1,237,851
Later than five years | 37,500 | 206,480
| 1,691,956 | 1,970,151

The amount of non-cancellable operating lease payments recognised as an expense during the year was £583,784 (2024 - £613,037).

| 26 | Dividends

| 2025 £ | 2024 £
Dividends paid | 246,000 | 246,000

| 27 | Analysis of changes in net debt

| At 1 July 2024 £ | Financing cash flows £ | New finance leases £ | At 30 June 2025 £
Cash and cash equivalents |  |  |  |
Cash | 185,082 | (55,615) | - | 129,467
Borrowings |  |  |  |
Bank borrowings | (666,667) | 160,000 | - | (506,667)
Other borrowings | (579,512) | 142,459 | - | (437,053)
Lease liabilities | (234,977) | 101,570 | (149,529) | (282,936)
| (1,481,156) | 404,029 | (149,529) | (1,226,656)
| (1,296,074) | 348,414 | (149,529) | (1,097,189)

| 28 | Related party transactions

Transactions with shareholders
During the year dividends of £246,000 (2024 - £246,000) were declared to the shareholders of the company.
Transactions with directors
At the balance sheet date, the company owed £1,318 to certain directors (2024 - the company was owed £2,887).

Forward Waste Management Limited

Notes to the Financial Statements for the Year Ended 30 June 2025

| 29 | Ultimate controlling party

On 21 March 2025, the majority shareholding of the company was transferred to a newly incorporated parent entity, Flashteam Limited. This transaction represents a group reorganisation, as the ultimate beneficial ownership remains unchanged.
The ultimate controlling party is Mr L P L Ward, who is a director of the company.