Cash and cash equivalents
Cash consists of cash on hand and demand deposits. Cash equivalents consist of short term highly liquid investments that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash that are subject to an insignificant risk of change in value.
Other financial assets
Other financial assets including trade debtors for goods or services sold to customers on short-term credit, are initially measured at the undiscounted amount of cash receivable from that customer, which is normally the invoice price, and are subsequently measured at
amortised cost less impairment, where there is objective evidence of an impairment.
Loans and borrowings
All loans and borrowings, both assets and liabilities are initially recorded at the present value of cash payable to the lender in settlement ofthe liability discounted at the market interest rate. Subsequently loans and borrowings are stated at amortised cost using the effective interest rate method. The computation of amortised cost includes any issue costs, transaction costs and fees, and any discount or premiumon settlement, and the effect of this is to amortise these amounts over the expected borrowing period. Loans with no stated interest rate and repayable within one year or on demand are not amortised. Loans and borrowings are classified as current assets or liabilities unless the borrower has an unconditional right to defer settlement of the liability for at least twelve months after the financial year end date.
Other financial liabilities
Trade creditors are measured at invoice price, unless payment is deferred beyond normal business terms or is financed at a rate of interest that is not a market rate. In this case the arrangement constitutes a financing transaction, and the financial liability is measured at the present value of the future payments discounted at a market rate of interest for a similar debt instrument.