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REGISTERED NUMBER: 07311129 (England and Wales)















GROUP STRATEGIC REPORT,

REPORT OF THE DIRECTORS AND

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

FOR

CLARASYS LIMITED

CLARASYS LIMITED (REGISTERED NUMBER: 07311129)

CONTENTS OF THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024










Page

Company Information 1

Group Strategic Report 2

Report of the Directors 4

Report of the Independent Auditors 6

Consolidated Income Statement 11

Consolidated Other Comprehensive Income 12

Consolidated Balance Sheet 13

Company Balance Sheet 14

Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity 15

Company Statement of Changes in Equity 16

Consolidated Cash Flow Statement 17

Company Cash Flow Statement 18

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 19


CLARASYS LIMITED

COMPANY INFORMATION
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024







DIRECTORS: M Cheung
C Hamilton
C Meyer-Scott



REGISTERED OFFICE: 7 Bell Yard
London
WC2A 2JR



REGISTERED NUMBER: 07311129 (England and Wales)



AUDITORS: MGR Weston Kay LLP
Statutory Auditors
55 Loudoun Road
St John's Wood
London
NW8 0DL



BANKERS: HSBC UK Bank plc
1 Centenary Square
Birmingham
B1 1HQ

CLARASYS LIMITED (REGISTERED NUMBER: 07311129)

GROUP STRATEGIC REPORT
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024


The directors present their strategic report of the company and the group for the year ended 31 December 2024.

REVIEW OF BUSINESS
The result and position of the group for the year ended 31 December 2024 are set out in the statement of comprehensive income, balance sheet and statement of changes in equity on pages 12, 13 and 15 respectively.

The directors are pleased to report that the business remains resilient and well positioned for future growth.

Following a period of challenging trading conditions and global economic volatility affecting the wider consultancy sector, the directors took proactive measures in June 2024 to restructure the group's cost base. This realignment significantly improved operational efficiency and contributed to a material aggregate operating profit in the second half of the year.

The directors are satisfied with the trading performance for the year, and the results of the group were in line with their expectations. Group turnover increased by 1% during the year under review, while gross profit remained broadly consistent. The group's trading prospects remain strong and the directors look forward to the future with continuing confidence.

PRINCIPAL RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES
The directors consider the main risks faced by the firm to be people risk and client risk.

Talent and People risk
The success and long-term sustainability of Clarasys are inherently dependent on its people and their expertise. The firm's ability to fulfil its purpose relies on attracting, retaining, and developing top talent. To achieve this, Clarasys places an emphasis on building a strong employer brand and implementing an effective recruitment strategy. Competitive remuneration packages, meaningful incentives, and a commitment to learning and development are central to maintaining a high-performing workforce. Furthermore, the firm ensures that employees are engaged by offering complex and challenging work, helping them to build specialist skills essential for delivering value to clients.

Client risk
The firm faces two key areas of client risk:

1. Macro Market Environment: During 2024, the global economic landscape continued to present a complex environment for the consultancy sector. Sustained high interest rates and persistent inflationary pressures led to a continued cautious approach to discretionary spending among some client segments and to reduced merger and acquisition activity across the market, which in turn affected demand for consultancy services.

These macroeconomic factors, combined with ongoing geopolitical uncertainties, created significant headwinds for profitability during the first half of the year. While no single factor has a material impact on Clarasys in isolation, the cumulative effect of these conditions adversely influenced trading performance. The firm continues to mitigate these risks by diversifying its client base across industries and geographies, maintaining a strong presence in both the private and public sectors. This strategy helps to reduce dependency on any one market or region.

2. Reputational Risk: Given the complexity of the firm's service offerings, reputational risk remains a priority. Clarasys continues to address this through rigorous project delivery assurance and leveraging in-house expertise. The firm's commitment to quality is reflected in consistently high levels of client satisfaction. Additionally, the importance of cyber security and client data protection remains at the forefront. The firm maintains its CyberEssentials Plus certification and continuously strengthens its cyber resilience to ensure compliance and safeguard client trust.


CLARASYS LIMITED (REGISTERED NUMBER: 07311129)

GROUP STRATEGIC REPORT
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

DEVELOPMENT AND PERFORMANCE
While shareholders' funds decreased to negative £220,932 (2023: £454,438), this figure reflects the impact of the macroeconomic headwinds faced during the first half of the year and the continued investment in our US Operations to support future growth.

The directors consider the group's performance in the latter half of 2024, to be the more accurate indicator of the firm's performance.

Looking forward, trading conditions in the first half of 2025 remained competitive. However, the Board is pleased to report a marked improvement in trading performance during the second half of 2025. The cost-base restructuring combined with a resurgence in client demand, has resulted in strengthened operating margins and cash generation throughout late 2025. This is particularly true for the US operations. The Group has successfully rebuilt its pipeline and utilisation rates have returned to target levels. The group is well positioned for the year ahead, and the directors maintain confidence in its ongoing performance.

KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS
The group's management regularly monitors the performance of the business, reviewing monthly management information including management accounts. The main financial performance indicators are turnover, gross profit and operating profit.

Turnover: £21,661,056 (2023: £21,502,527)
Gross profit: £6,640,002 (2023: £6,730,696)
Operating loss: £117,979 (2023: £705,317 profit restated)

The firm made a 1% operating loss for the twelve months in 2024. Clarasys' financial objective is to achieve sustainable growth, through the delivery of year-on-year profits whilst continuing to build expertise and delivery capacity for the year following.

Other non-financial key performance indicators are tracked regularly and are ahead of target in 2024. They include employee retention, client satisfaction, employee satisfaction and consultant utilisation.

ON BEHALF OF THE BOARD:





M Cheung - Director


16 January 2026

CLARASYS LIMITED (REGISTERED NUMBER: 07311129)

REPORT OF THE DIRECTORS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024


The directors present their report with the financial statements of the company and the group for the year ended 31 December 2024.

PRINCIPAL ACTIVITY
The principal activity of the group continued to be that of management consultancy.

DIVIDENDS
No dividends will be distributed for the year ended 31 December 2024.

The directors do not recommend payment of a dividend.

FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS
Our focus for the future development of the business remains the sustainable growth of the firm. We will continue to scale in the US as well as developing existing capabilities to better serve our clients and meet market demand.

DIRECTORS
The directors who held office during the year and up to the date of signature of the financial statements were as follows.

M Cheung
C Hamilton
C Meyer-Scott

FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS
The group has a normal level of exposure to price, credit, liquidity and cash flow risk arising from trading activities which are conducted in sterling and US dollars.

STATEMENT OF DIRECTORS' RESPONSIBILITIES
The directors are responsible for preparing the Group Strategic Report, the Report of the Directors and the financial statements in accordance with applicable law and regulations.

Company law requires the directors to prepare financial statements for each financial year. Under that law the directors have elected to prepare the financial statements in accordance with United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice (United Kingdom Accounting Standards and applicable law). Under company law the directors must not approve the financial statements unless they are satisfied that they give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the company and the group and of the profit or loss of the group for that period. In preparing these financial statements, the directors are required to:

- select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently;
- make judgements and accounting estimates that are reasonable and prudent;
- prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that the company will continue in business.

The directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that are sufficient to show and explain the company's and the group's transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the company and the group and enable them to ensure that the financial statements comply with the Companies Act 2006. They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the company and the group and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities.

STATEMENT AS TO DISCLOSURE OF INFORMATION TO AUDITORS
So far as the directors are aware, there is no relevant audit information (as defined by Section 418 of the Companies Act 2006) of which the group's auditors are unaware, and each director has taken all the steps that he or she ought to have taken as a director in order to make himself or herself aware of any relevant audit information and to establish that the group's auditors are aware of that information.

CLARASYS LIMITED (REGISTERED NUMBER: 07311129)

REPORT OF THE DIRECTORS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024


AUDITORS
The auditors, MGR Weston Kay LLP, will be proposed for re-appointment at the forthcoming Annual General Meeting.

ON BEHALF OF THE BOARD:





M Cheung - Director


16 January 2026

REPORT OF THE INDEPENDENT AUDITORS TO THE MEMBERS OF
CLARASYS LIMITED


Opinion
We have audited the financial statements of Clarasys Limited (the 'parent company') and its subsidiaries (the 'group') for the year ended 31 December 2024 which comprise the Consolidated Income Statement, Consolidated Other Comprehensive Income, Consolidated Balance Sheet, Company Balance Sheet, Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity, Company Statement of Changes in Equity, Consolidated Cash Flow Statement, Company Cash Flow Statement and Notes to the Financial Statements, including a summary of significant accounting policies. The financial reporting framework that has been applied in their preparation is applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards, including Financial Reporting Standard 102 'The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland' (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice).

In our opinion the financial statements:
-give a true and fair view of the state of the group's and of the parent company affairs as at 31 December 2024 and of the group's loss for the year then ended;
-have been properly prepared in accordance with United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice; and
-have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006.

Basis for opinion
We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and applicable law. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditors' responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements section of our report. We are independent of the group in accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in the UK, including the FRC's Ethical Standard, and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.

Conclusions relating to going concern
In auditing the financial statements, we have concluded that the directors' use of the going concern basis of accounting in the preparation of the financial statements is appropriate.

Based on the work we have performed, we have not identified any material uncertainties relating to events or conditions that, individually or collectively, may cast significant doubt on the group's and the parent company's ability to continue as a going concern for a period of at least twelve months from when the financial statements are authorised for issue.

Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of the directors with respect to going concern are described in the relevant sections of this report.

REPORT OF THE INDEPENDENT AUDITORS TO THE MEMBERS OF
CLARASYS LIMITED


Other information
The directors are responsible for the other information. The other information comprises the information in the Group Strategic Report and the Report of the Directors, but does not include the financial statements and our Report of the Auditors thereon.

Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and, except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in our report, we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon.

In connection with our audit of the financial statements, our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the audit or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If we identify such material inconsistencies or apparent material misstatements, we are required to determine whether this gives rise to a material misstatement in the financial statements themselves. If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact. We have nothing to report in this regard.

The other information comprises the information included in the annual report other than the financial statements and our auditor's report thereon. The directors are responsible for the other information contained within the annual report. Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and, except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in our report, we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon. Our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the course of the audit, or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If we identify such material inconsistencies or apparent material misstatements, we are required to determine whether this gives rise to a material misstatement in the financial statements themselves. If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact.

We have nothing to report in this regard.

Opinions on other matters prescribed by the Companies Act 2006
In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of the audit:
- the information given in the Group Strategic Report and the Report of the Directors for the financial year for which the financial statements are prepared is consistent with the financial statements; and
- the Group Strategic Report and the Report of the Directors have been prepared in accordance with applicable legal requirements.

Matters on which we are required to report by exception
In the light of the knowledge and understanding of the group and the parent company and its environment obtained in the course of the audit, we have not identified material misstatements in the Group Strategic Report or the Report of the Directors.

We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters where the Companies Act 2006 requires us to report to you if, in our opinion:
- adequate accounting records have not been kept by the parent company, or returns adequate for our audit have not been received from branches not visited by us; or
- the parent company financial statements are not in agreement with the accounting records and returns; or
- certain disclosures of directors' remuneration specified by law are not made; or
- we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit.

REPORT OF THE INDEPENDENT AUDITORS TO THE MEMBERS OF
CLARASYS LIMITED


Responsibilities of directors
As explained more fully in the Statement of Directors' Responsibilities set out on page four, the directors are responsible for the preparation of the financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair view, and for such internal control as the directors determine necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.

In preparing the financial statements, the directors are responsible for assessing the group's and the parent company's ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the directors either intend to liquidate the group or the parent company or to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so.

REPORT OF THE INDEPENDENT AUDITORS TO THE MEMBERS OF
CLARASYS LIMITED


Auditors' responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue a Report of the Auditors that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements.

The extent to which our procedures are capable of detecting irregularities, including fraud is detailed below:

Irregularities, including fraud, are instances of non-compliance with laws and regulations. We design procedures in line with our responsibilities, outlined above, to detect material misstatements in respect of irregularities, including fraud. The extent to which our procedures are capable of detecting irregularities, including fraud is detailed below.

As part of our planning of the audit work required we obtained an understanding of the legal and regulatory frameworks that are applicable to the entity via enquiries of the company’s management, carried out analytical procedures, held discussions amongst the engagement team and using knowledge of the sector determined that the most significant laws and regulation are those that relate to:

- Health and safety regulations.
- Employment law including right to work in the UK.
- Data Protection Laws (GDPR).
- UK Tax legislation.

We also considered those laws and regulations that have a direct impact on the preparation of the financial statements such as FRS102 and the Companies Act 2006.

Based on the results of our risk assessment we designed our audit procedures to identify non-compliance with the laws and regulations and the fraud risks identified. This included enquiries with management to understand their policies and procedures for compliance with those regulations and we completed the following tests:

- Obtained an understanding of relevant controls.
- Reviewed the company’s risk assessments, procedures and IT systems.
- Checked samples of documentation including insurance policies and right to work in the UK documentation.

We also assessed the risks of material misstatement in respect of fraud as follows:

- Revenue fraud.
- Unauthorised expenditure and/or payments.
- Management override of controls.
- Manipulation of accounting estimates.
- Related party fraud.
- Loan covenant reporting.

Based on the results of our risk assessment we designed our audit procedures to identify and to address material
misstatements in relation to fraud. This included the risk of management bias relating to judgements and assumptions used in provisions along with testing journals.

No significant issues were identified during our testing.

There are inherent limitations in the audit procedures described above and the primary responsibility for the prevention and detection of irregularities including fraud rests with management. As with any audit, there remained a risk of non – detection of irregularities, as these may could involve collusions, forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations or the override of internal controls.

A further description of our responsibilities is available on the Financial Reporting Council’s website at: https://

REPORT OF THE INDEPENDENT AUDITORS TO THE MEMBERS OF
CLARASYS LIMITED

www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities. This description forms part of our auditor's report.

A further description of our responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements is located on the Financial Reporting Council's website at www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities. This description forms part of our Report of the Auditors.

Use of our report
This report is made solely to the company's members, as a body, in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of the Companies Act 2006. Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the company's members those matters we are required to state to them in a Report of the Auditors and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other than the company and the company's members as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we have formed.




Nigel Walfisz FCA (Senior Statutory Auditor)
for and on behalf of MGR Weston Kay LLP
Statutory Auditors
55 Loudoun Road
St John's Wood
London
NW8 0DL

16 January 2026

CLARASYS LIMITED (REGISTERED NUMBER: 07311129)

CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENT
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

31.12.24 31.12.23
as restated
Notes £    £   

TURNOVER 3 21,661,056 21,502,527

Cost of sales (15,021,054 ) (14,771,831 )
GROSS PROFIT 6,640,002 6,730,696

Administrative expenses (7,214,145 ) (6,025,379 )
(574,143 ) 705,317

Other operating income 456,164 -
OPERATING (LOSS)/PROFIT 5 (117,979 ) 705,317

Gain/loss on revaluation of investments 180,106 -
62,127 705,317

Interest payable and similar expenses 7 (267,272 ) (250,649 )
(LOSS)/PROFIT BEFORE TAXATION (205,145 ) 454,668

Tax on (loss)/profit 8 (56,373 ) (137,982 )
(LOSS)/PROFIT FOR THE FINANCIAL YEAR (261,518 ) 316,686
(Loss)/profit attributable to:
Owners of the parent (261,518 ) 316,686

CLARASYS LIMITED (REGISTERED NUMBER: 07311129)

CONSOLIDATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

31.12.24 31.12.23
as restated
Notes £    £   

(LOSS)/PROFIT FOR THE YEAR (261,518 ) 316,686


OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
Currency translation differences (22,235 ) (30,545 )
Income tax relating to other comprehensive
income

-

-

OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME FOR THE
YEAR, NET OF INCOME TAX

(22,235

)

(30,545

)
TOTAL COMPREHENSIVE INCOME FOR THE
YEAR

(283,753

)

286,141
Note
Prior year adjustment 10 (30,955 )
TOTAL COMPREHENSIVE INCOME SINCE
LAST ANNUAL REPORT

(314,708

)

Total comprehensive income attributable to:
Owners of the parent (314,708 ) 286,141

CLARASYS LIMITED (REGISTERED NUMBER: 07311129)

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET
31 DECEMBER 2024

31.12.24 31.12.23
as restated
Notes £    £   
FIXED ASSETS
Intangible assets 11 5,351 15,879
Tangible assets 12 455,622 455,079
Investments 13 215,817 35,711
676,790 506,669

CURRENT ASSETS
Debtors 14 5,118,600 5,501,716
Cash at bank 225,974 580,262
5,344,574 6,081,978
CREDITORS
Amounts falling due within one year 15 (6,029,924 ) (6,119,977 )
NET CURRENT LIABILITIES (685,350 ) (37,999 )
TOTAL ASSETS LESS CURRENT LIABILITIES (8,560 ) 468,670

CREDITORS
Amounts falling due after more than one
year

16

(212,372

)

-

PROVISIONS FOR LIABILITIES 19 - (14,232 )
NET (LIABILITIES)/ASSETS (220,932 ) 454,438

CAPITAL AND RESERVES
Called up share capital 20 303 303
Retained earnings (221,235 ) 454,135
SHAREHOLDERS' FUNDS (220,932 ) 454,438

The financial statements were approved by the Board of Directors and authorised for issue on 16 January 2026 and were signed on its behalf by:





Director


CLARASYS LIMITED (REGISTERED NUMBER: 07311129)

COMPANY BALANCE SHEET
31 DECEMBER 2024

31.12.24 31.12.23
as restated
Notes £    £   
FIXED ASSETS
Intangible assets 11 2,863 13,178
Tangible assets 12 451,311 442,162
Investments 13 215,817 35,711
669,991 491,051

CURRENT ASSETS
Debtors 14 5,866,852 5,832,805
Cash at bank 154,996 453,916
6,021,848 6,286,721
CREDITORS
Amounts falling due within one year 15 (5,548,178 ) (5,644,855 )
NET CURRENT ASSETS 473,670 641,866
TOTAL ASSETS LESS CURRENT LIABILITIES 1,143,661 1,132,917

CREDITORS
Amounts falling due after more than one
year

16

(212,372

)

-

PROVISIONS FOR LIABILITIES 19 - (14,232 )
NET ASSETS 931,289 1,118,685

CAPITAL AND RESERVES
Called up share capital 20 303 303
Retained earnings 930,986 1,118,382
SHAREHOLDERS' FUNDS 931,289 1,118,685

Company's profit for the financial year 204,222 825,999

The financial statements were approved by the Board of Directors and authorised for issue on 16 January 2026 and were signed on its behalf by:





M Cheung - Director


CLARASYS LIMITED (REGISTERED NUMBER: 07311129)

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

Called up
share Retained Total
capital earnings equity
£    £    £   
Balance at 1 January 2023 303 318,204 318,507

Changes in equity
Profit for the year - 347,641 347,641
Currency translation differences - (30,545 ) (30,545 )
Total comprehensive income - 317,096 317,096
Contributions to the EOT - (150,210 ) (150,210 )
Balance at 31 December 2023 303 485,090 485,393
Prior year adjustment - (30,955 ) (30,955 )
As restated 303 454,135 454,438

Changes in equity
Deficit for the year - (261,518 ) (261,518 )
Other comprehensive income - (22,235 ) (22,235 )
Total comprehensive income - (283,753 ) (283,753 )
Contributions to the EOT - (391,618 ) (391,618 )
Balance at 31 December 2024 303 (221,236 ) (220,933 )

CLARASYS LIMITED (REGISTERED NUMBER: 07311129)

COMPANY STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

Called up
share Retained Total
capital earnings equity
£    £    £   
Balance at 1 January 2023 303 442,593 442,896

Changes in equity
Profit for the year - 856,954 856,954
Total comprehensive income - 856,954 856,954
Contributions to the EOT - (150,210 ) (150,210 )
Balance at 31 December 2023 303 1,149,337 1,149,640
Prior year adjustment - (30,955 ) (30,955 )
As restated 303 1,118,382 1,118,685

Changes in equity
Profit for the year - 204,222 204,222
Total comprehensive income - 204,222 204,222
Contributions to the EOT - (391,618 ) (391,618 )
Balance at 31 December 2024 303 930,986 931,289

CLARASYS LIMITED (REGISTERED NUMBER: 07311129)

CONSOLIDATED CASH FLOW STATEMENT
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

31.12.24 31.12.23
as restated
Notes £    £   
Cash flows from operating activities
Cash generated from operations 23 24,456 325,974
Interest paid (265,325 ) (246,526 )
Interest element of finance lease payments
paid

(1,947

)

(4,123

)
Tax paid 5,192 24,009
Net cash from operating activities (237,624 ) 99,334

Cash flows from investing activities
Purchase of tangible fixed assets (5,534 ) (12,820 )
Sale of tangible fixed assets 200 253
Net cash from investing activities (5,334 ) (12,567 )

Cash flows from financing activities
New loans in year 720,000 712,080
Loan repayments in year (395,071 ) (135,056 )
Payment of finance lease obligations (22,360 ) (16,316 )
Contributions paid to EOT (391,618 ) (150,210 )
Net cash from financing activities (89,049 ) 410,498

(Decrease)/increase in cash and cash equivalents (332,007 ) 497,265
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of
year

24

580,262

135,928
Effect of foreign exchange rate changes (22,281 ) (52,931 )
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year 24 225,974 580,262

CLARASYS LIMITED (REGISTERED NUMBER: 07311129)

COMPANY CASH FLOW STATEMENT
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024

31.12.24 31.12.23
as restated
Notes £    £   
Cash flows from operating activities
Cash generated from operations 23 29,498 113,384
Interest paid (226,079 ) (207,343 )
Interest element of finance lease payments
paid

(1,947

)

(4,123

)
Tax paid 829 29,167
Net cash from operating activities (197,699 ) (68,915 )

Cash flows from investing activities
Purchase of tangible fixed assets (5,534 ) (4,531 )
Sale of tangible fixed assets - 253
Net cash from investing activities (5,534 ) (4,278 )

Cash flows from financing activities
New loans in year 720,000 712,080
Loan repayments in year (401,709 ) (114,583 )
Payment of finance lease obligations (22,360 ) (16,316 )
Contributions paid to the EOT (391,618 ) (150,210 )
Net cash from financing activities (95,687 ) 430,971

(Decrease)/increase in cash and cash equivalents (298,920 ) 357,778
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of
year

24

453,916

96,138

Cash and cash equivalents at end of year 24 154,996 453,916

CLARASYS LIMITED (REGISTERED NUMBER: 07311129)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024


1. ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of preparing the financial statements
These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with Financial Reporting Standard 102 "The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland" and the Companies Act 2006. The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention as modified by the revaluation of certain assets.

Going concern
Based upon cash flow projections to 31 December 2026, which have been prepared on the assumptions that the bank loans and other loans will continue to be made available, the directors consider it appropriate to prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that would result from the demand for repayment of these loans.

Basis of consolidation
The consolidated group financial statements consist of the financial statements of the parent company Clarasys Limited together with all entities controlled by the parent company (its subsidiaries).

All financial statements are made up to 31 December 2024. Where necessary, adjustments are made to the financial statements of subsidiaries to bring the accounting policies used into line with those used by other members of the group.

All intra-group transactions, balances and unrealised gains on transactions between group companies are eliminated on consolidation. Unrealised losses are also eliminated unless the transaction provides evidence of an impairment of the asset transferred.

Turnover
Revenue is recognised to the extent that it is probable economic benefits will flow to the company and the revenue can be reliably measured. Revenue is measured as the fair value of the consideration received or receivable, excluding discounts, rebates, value added tax and other sales taxes.

Revenue from a contract to provide services is recognised in the period in which the services are provided.

Intangible assets
Intangible assets acquired separately from a business are recognised at cost and are subsequently measured at cost less accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses.

Intangible assets acquired on business combinations are recognised separately from goodwill at the acquisition date where it is probable that the expected future economic benefits that are attributable to the asset will flow to the entity and the fair value of the asset can be measured reliably; the intangible asset arises from contractual or other legal rights; and the intangible asset is separable from the entity.

Amortisation is recognised so as to write off the cost or valuation of assets less their residual values over their useful lives on the following bases:

Software - 20% straight line

CLARASYS LIMITED (REGISTERED NUMBER: 07311129)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024


1. ACCOUNTING POLICIES - continued

Tangible fixed assets
Depreciation is provided at the following annual rates in order to write off each asset over its estimated useful life or, if held under a finance lease, over the lease term, whichever is the shorter.
Improvements to property - evenly over the period of the lease
Fixtures and fittings - 20% - 33% straight line
Motor vehicles - 25% Straight line
Computer equipment - 33% straight line

Fixed asset investments
Equity investments are measured at fair value through profit or loss, except for those equity investments that are not publicly traded and whose fair value cannot otherwise be measured reliably, which are recognised at cost less impairment until a reliable measure of fair value becomes available.

In the parent company financial statements, investments in subsidiaries are initially measured at cost and subsequently measured at cost less any accumulated impairment losses.

A subsidiary is an entity controlled by the group. Control is the power to govern the financial and operating policies of the entity so as to obtain benefits from its activities.

Financial instruments
The group has elected to apply the provisions of Section 11 ‘Basic Financial Instruments’ and Section 12 ‘Other Financial Instruments Issues’ of FRS 102 to all of its financial instruments.

Financial instruments are recognised in the group's balance sheet when the group becomes party to the contractual provisions of the instrument.

Financial assets and liabilities are offset and the net amounts presented in the financial statements when there is a legally enforceable right to set off the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis or to realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.

Equity instruments
Equity instruments issued by the group are recorded at the proceeds received, net of transaction costs. Dividends payable on equity instruments are recognised as liabilities once they are no longer at the discretion of the group.

Taxation
The tax expense represents the sum of the tax currently payable and deferred tax.

Current tax
The tax currently payable is based on taxable profit for the year. Taxable profit differs from net profit as reported in the profit and loss account because it excludes items of income or expense that are taxable or deductible in other years and it further excludes items that are never taxable or deductible. The group’s liability for current tax is calculated using tax rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the reporting end date.

Deferred tax
Deferred tax liabilities are generally recognised for all timing differences and deferred tax assets are recognised to the extent that it is probable that they will be recovered against the reversal of deferred tax liabilities or other future taxable profits. Such assets and liabilities are not recognised if the timing difference arises from goodwill or from the initial recognition of other assets and liabilities in a transaction that affects neither the tax profit nor the accounting profit.

CLARASYS LIMITED (REGISTERED NUMBER: 07311129)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024


1. ACCOUNTING POLICIES - continued

Foreign currencies
Monetary assets and liabilities of the holding company denominated in foreign currencies are translated into sterling at the rates of exchange ruling at the balance sheet date. Transactions of the holding company in foreign currencies are recorded at the rate ruling at the date of transactions. All differences are taken to the profit and loss account.

Translation of group companies
For the purpose of presenting consolidated financial statements, the assets and liabilities of the group's foreign subsidiary are translated from their functional currency of either US dollars or euros to sterling using the closing exchange rate. Income and expenses are translated using the average rate for the period. Exchange differences arising on the translation of group companies are recognised in the statement of comprehensive income.

Leases
Leases are classified as finance leases whenever the terms of the lease transfer substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership to the lessees. All other leases are classified as operating leases.

Assets held under finance leases are recognised as assets at the lower of the assets fair value at the date of inception and the present value of the minimum lease payments. The related liability is included in the balance sheet as a finance lease obligation. Lease payments are treated as consisting of capital and interest elements. The interest is charged to profit or loss so as to produce a constant periodic rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability.

Rentals payable under operating leases, including any lease incentives received, are charged to profit or loss on a straight line basis over the term of the relevant lease except where another more systematic basis is more representative of the time pattern in which economic benefits from the leased asset are consumed.

Retirement benefits
The group operates a defined contribution pension scheme. Contributions payable to the group's pension scheme are charged to profit or loss in the period to which they relate.

Employee benefits
The costs of short-term employee benefits are recognised as a liability and an expense, unless those costs are required to be recognised as part of the cost of stock or fixed assets.

The cost of any unused holiday entitlement is recognised in the period in which the employee’s services are received.

Termination benefits are recognised immediately as an expense when the company is demonstrably committed to terminate the employment of an employee or to provide termination benefits.

Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents are basic financial assets and include cash in hand, deposits held at call with banks, other short-term liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less, and bank overdrafts. Bank overdrafts are shown within borrowings in current liabilities.

CLARASYS LIMITED (REGISTERED NUMBER: 07311129)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024


2. CRITICAL ACCOUNTING JUDGEMENTS AND KEY SOURCES OF ESTIMATION UNCERTAINTY

In the application of the company’s accounting policies, the directors are required to make judgements, estimates and assumptions about the carrying amount of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. The estimates and associated assumptions are based on historical experience and other factors that are considered to be relevant. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised in the period in which the estimate is revised where the revision affects only that period, or in the period of the revision and future periods where the revision affects both current and future periods.

Valuation of unlisted investments
One of the unlisted investments was valued by the directors at 31 December 2024 based upon a report provided by an independent consultant.

3. TURNOVER

The turnover and loss (2023 - profit) before taxation are attributable to the one principal activity of the group.

An analysis of turnover by class of business is given below:

31.12.24 31.12.23
as restated
£    £   
Management consultancy service 21,661,056 21,502,527
21,661,056 21,502,527

An analysis of turnover by geographical market is given below:

31.12.24 31.12.23
as restated
£    £   
United Kingdom 16,633,039 16,783,917
Rest of the world 5,028,017 4,718,610
21,661,056 21,502,527

4. EMPLOYEES AND DIRECTORS
31.12.24 31.12.23
as restated
£    £   
Wages and salaries 14,298,679 14,140,921
Social security costs 1,507,604 1,484,392
Other pension costs 751,183 703,144
16,557,466 16,328,457

CLARASYS LIMITED (REGISTERED NUMBER: 07311129)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024


4. EMPLOYEES AND DIRECTORS - continued

The average number of employees during the year was as follows:
31.12.24 31.12.23
as restated

194 206

31.12.24 31.12.23
as restated
£    £   
Directors' remuneration 255,015 311,355

Information regarding the highest paid director is as follows:
31.12.24 31.12.23
as restated
£    £   
Emoluments etc 229,842 296,587

5. OPERATING PROFIT

The operating profit is stated after charging/(crediting):

31.12.24 31.12.23
as restated
£    £   
Other operating leases 1,412,842 1,373,930
Depreciation - owned assets 56,423 72,130
Depreciation - assets on finance leases 26,974 16,316
Loss/(profit) on disposal of fixed assets 344 (253 )
Software amortisation 10,569 10,411
Foreign exchange differences (22,335 ) 3,002

6. AUDITORS' REMUNERATION
31.12.24 31.12.23
as restated
£    £   
Fees payable to the company's auditors for the audit of the company's
financial statements

24,000

21,700
Total audit fees 24,000 21,700

Auditors' remuneration for non audit work 3,100 800
Total non-audit fees 3,100 800
Total fees payable 27,100 22,500

CLARASYS LIMITED (REGISTERED NUMBER: 07311129)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024


7. INTEREST PAYABLE AND SIMILAR EXPENSES
31.12.24 31.12.23
as restated
£    £   
Bank loan interest 110,797 76,249
Non bank interest on loans 105,425 98,833
Other interest 49,103 71,444
Hire purchase 1,947 4,123
267,272 250,649

8. TAXATION

Analysis of the tax charge
The tax charge on the loss for the year was as follows:
31.12.24 31.12.23
as restated
£    £   
Current tax:
UK corporation tax 76,269 230,264
Prior period adjustments (3,236 ) (102,407 )
Foreign tax - 795
Total current tax 73,033 128,652

Deferred tax (16,660 ) 9,330
Tax on (loss)/profit 56,373 137,982

CLARASYS LIMITED (REGISTERED NUMBER: 07311129)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024


8. TAXATION - continued

Reconciliation of total tax charge included in profit and loss
The tax assessed for the year is higher than the standard rate of corporation tax in the UK. The difference is explained below:

31.12.24 31.12.23
as restated
£    £   
(Loss)/profit before tax (205,145 ) 454,668
(Loss)/profit multiplied by the standard rate of corporation tax in the UK
of 25 % (2023 - 25 %)

(51,286

)

113,667

Effects of:
Expenses not deductible for tax purposes 335 (9,124 )
Depreciation in excess of capital allowances 13,205 7,988
Adjustments to tax charge in respect of previous periods - (102,407 )
previously utilised
Unutilised tax losses carried forward 118,412 125,334
Effect of change in corporation tax rate - (14,482 )
Deferred tax (16,660 ) 9,330
US tax - 795
Prior year adjustment (3,235 ) 6,881
Unrealised foreign exchange (4,398 ) -
Total tax charge 56,373 137,982

Tax effects relating to effects of other comprehensive income

31.12.24
Gross Tax Net
£    £    £   
Currency translation differences (22,235 ) - (22,235 )

31.12.23
Gross Tax Net
£    £    £   
Currency translation differences (30,545 ) - (30,545 )

9. INDIVIDUAL INCOME STATEMENT

As permitted by Section 408 of the Companies Act 2006, the Income Statement of the parent company is not presented as part of these financial statements.


CLARASYS LIMITED (REGISTERED NUMBER: 07311129)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024


10. PRIOR YEAR ADJUSTMENT

In the previous year, leasehold improvements amounting to £411,877 were initially recorded as a prepayment, with £58,324 written off to rent during the year. However, these costs met the definition of a fixed asset. A prior year adjustment has therefore been made to reclassify the expenditure as leasehold improvements within fixed assets and to recognise the appropriate depreciation charge of £41,187 over the lease term.

11. INTANGIBLE FIXED ASSETS

Group
Software
£   
COST
At 1 January 2024 45,709
Exchange differences 70
At 31 December 2024 45,779
AMORTISATION
At 1 January 2024 29,830
Amortisation for year 10,569
Exchange differences 29
At 31 December 2024 40,428
NET BOOK VALUE
At 31 December 2024 5,351
At 31 December 2023 15,879

Company
Software
£   
COST
At 1 January 2024
and 31 December 2024 41,606
AMORTISATION
At 1 January 2024 28,428
Amortisation for year 10,315
At 31 December 2024 38,743
NET BOOK VALUE
At 31 December 2024 2,863
At 31 December 2023 13,178

CLARASYS LIMITED (REGISTERED NUMBER: 07311129)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024


12. TANGIBLE FIXED ASSETS

Group
Improvements Fixtures
to and Motor Computer
property fittings vehicles equipment Totals
£    £    £    £    £   
COST
At 1 January 2024 411,877 150,105 112,183 90,499 764,664
Additions - 5,534 136,487 - 142,021
Disposals - - (112,183 ) (21,660 ) (133,843 )
Exchange differences - 12 - 604 616
At 31 December 2024 411,877 155,651 136,487 69,443 773,458
DEPRECIATION
At 1 January 2024 44,620 143,915 47,536 73,514 309,585
Charge for year 41,188 4,750 26,974 10,485 83,397
Eliminated on disposal - - (54,606 ) (21,110 ) (75,716 )
Exchange differences - 13 - 557 570
At 31 December 2024 85,808 148,678 19,904 63,446 317,836
NET BOOK VALUE
At 31 December 2024 326,069 6,973 116,583 5,997 455,622
At 31 December 2023 367,257 6,190 64,647 16,985 455,079

Fixed assets, included in the above, which are held under finance leases are as follows:
Motor
vehicles
£   
COST
At 1 January 2024 112,183
Additions 136,487
Disposals (112,183 )
At 31 December 2024 136,487
DEPRECIATION
At 1 January 2024 47,536
Charge for year 26,974
Eliminated on disposal (54,606 )
At 31 December 2024 19,904
NET BOOK VALUE
At 31 December 2024 116,583
At 31 December 2023 64,647

CLARASYS LIMITED (REGISTERED NUMBER: 07311129)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024


12. TANGIBLE FIXED ASSETS - continued

Company
Improvements Fixtures
to and Motor Computer
property fittings vehicles equipment Totals
£    £    £    £    £   
COST
At 1 January 2024 411,877 149,397 112,183 54,790 728,247
Additions - 5,534 136,487 - 142,021
Disposals - - (112,183 ) (15,835 ) (128,018 )
At 31 December 2024 411,877 154,931 136,487 38,955 742,250
DEPRECIATION
At 1 January 2024 44,620 143,363 47,536 50,566 286,085
Charge for year 41,188 4,595 26,974 2,538 75,295
Eliminated on disposal - - (54,606 ) (15,835 ) (70,441 )
At 31 December 2024 85,808 147,958 19,904 37,269 290,939
NET BOOK VALUE
At 31 December 2024 326,069 6,973 116,583 1,686 451,311
At 31 December 2023 367,257 6,034 64,647 4,224 442,162

Fixed assets, included in the above, which are held under finance leases are as follows:
Motor
vehicles
£   
COST
At 1 January 2024 112,183
Additions 136,487
Disposals (112,183 )
At 31 December 2024 136,487
DEPRECIATION
At 1 January 2024 47,536
Charge for year 26,974
Eliminated on disposal (54,606 )
At 31 December 2024 19,904
NET BOOK VALUE
At 31 December 2024 116,583
At 31 December 2023 64,647

CLARASYS LIMITED (REGISTERED NUMBER: 07311129)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024


13. FIXED ASSET INVESTMENTS

Group
Unlisted
investments
£   
COST OR VALUATION
At 1 January 2024 35,711
Additions 350,000
Revaluations 180,106
Impairments (350,000 )
At 31 December 2024 215,817
NET BOOK VALUE
At 31 December 2024 215,817
At 31 December 2023 35,711

Cost or valuation at 31 December 2024 is represented by:

Unlisted
investments
£   
Valuation in 2024 180,106
Cost 35,711
215,817

One of the investments was valued by the directors as at 31 December 2024, based upon a report provided by an independent consultant.
Company
Unlisted
investments
£   
COST OR VALUATION
At 1 January 2024 35,711
Additions 350,000
Revaluations 180,106
Impairments (350,000 )
At 31 December 2024 215,817
NET BOOK VALUE
At 31 December 2024 215,817
At 31 December 2023 35,711

CLARASYS LIMITED (REGISTERED NUMBER: 07311129)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024


13. FIXED ASSET INVESTMENTS - continued

Company

Cost or valuation at 31 December 2024 is represented by:

Unlisted
investments
£   
Valuation in 2024 180,106
Cost 35,711
215,817

One of the investments was valued by the directors as at 31 December 2024, based on a report provided by an independent consultant.

The group or the company's investments at the Balance Sheet date in the share capital of companies include the following:

Subsidiary

Clarasys Inc
Registered office: 33 Arch Street, 17th Floor C/O WeWork, Boston, MA 02110
Nature of business:
%
Class of shares: holding
Ordinary direct 80.00


14. DEBTORS

Group Company
31.12.24 31.12.23 31.12.24 31.12.23
as restated as restated
£    £    £    £   
Amounts falling due within one year:
Trade debtors 3,711,409 4,059,143 3,435,604 3,158,560
Amounts owed by group undertakings - - 1,057,505 1,289,233
Other debtors 41,427 48,492 8,602 16,212
Tax - 4,363 - -
Deferred tax asset 2,428 - 2,428 -
Prepayments and accrued income 648,202 674,584 647,579 653,666
4,403,466 4,786,582 5,151,718 5,117,671

CLARASYS LIMITED (REGISTERED NUMBER: 07311129)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024


14. DEBTORS - continued

Group Company
31.12.24 31.12.23 31.12.24 31.12.23
as restated as restated
£    £    £    £   
Amounts falling due after more than one year:
Other debtors 715,134 715,134 715,134 715,134

Aggregate amounts 5,118,600 5,501,716 5,866,852 5,832,805

Deferred tax asset
Group Company
31.12.24 31.12.23 31.12.24 31.12.23
as restated as restated
£    £    £    £   
Deferred tax 2,428 - 2,428 -

15. CREDITORS: AMOUNTS FALLING DUE WITHIN ONE YEAR

Group Company
31.12.24 31.12.23 31.12.24 31.12.23
as restated as restated
£    £    £    £   
Bank loans and overdrafts (see note 17) 399,334 392,696 - -
Other loans (see note 17) 2,697,688 2,379,397 2,697,688 2,379,397
Finance leases (see note 18) 26,762 64,647 26,762 64,647
Trade creditors 758,420 594,093 756,701 581,775
Taxation 267,645 193,783 267,645 193,783
Social security and other taxes 356,278 349,136 356,278 339,768
VAT 262,312 947,564 262,312 947,564
Other creditors 16,015 10,636 14,986 9,382
Directors' current accounts 88,245 120,588 88,245 120,588
Accruals and deferred income 1,157,225 1,067,437 1,077,561 1,007,951
6,029,924 6,119,977 5,548,178 5,644,855

16. CREDITORS: AMOUNTS FALLING DUE AFTER MORE THAN ONE YEAR

Group Company
31.12.24 31.12.23 31.12.24 31.12.23
as restated as restated
£    £    £    £   
Finance leases (see note 18) 94,434 - 94,434 -
Other creditors 117,938 - 117,938 -
212,372 - 212,372 -

CLARASYS LIMITED (REGISTERED NUMBER: 07311129)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024


17. LOANS

An analysis of the maturity of loans is given below:

Group Company
31.12.24 31.12.23 31.12.24 31.12.23
as restated as restated
£    £    £    £   
Amounts falling due within one year or on demand:
Bank loans 399,334 392,696 - -
Other loans 2,697,688 2,379,397 2,697,688 2,379,397
3,097,022 2,772,093 2,697,688 2,379,397

Bank loans totalling £399,334 (2023: £392,696) are secured by a first priority perfected security interest on Clarasys Inc's assets. The bank loan is repayable on demand.

Other loans totalling £1,940,699 (2023: £2,379,397) are secured by a fixed charge over the company's non-vesting debts and a floating charge.

18. LEASING AGREEMENTS

Minimum lease payments fall due as follows:

Group
Finance leases
31.12.24 31.12.23
as restated
£    £   
Net obligations repayable:
Within one year 26,762 64,647
Between one and five years 94,434 -
121,196 64,647

Finance lease payments represent rentals payable by the company or group for motor vehicles. Leases include purchase options at the end of the lease period, and no restrictions are placed on the use of the assets. The average lease term is 4 years. All leases are on a fixed repayment basis and no arrangements have been entered into for contingent rental payments.

Company
Finance leases
31.12.24 31.12.23
as restated
£    £   
Net obligations repayable:
Within one year 26,762 64,647
Between one and five years 94,434 -
121,196 64,647

CLARASYS LIMITED (REGISTERED NUMBER: 07311129)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024


18. LEASING AGREEMENTS - continued

Finance lease payments represent rentals payable by the company for motor vehicles. Leases include purchase options at the end of the lease period, and no restrictions are placed on the use of the assets. The average lease term is 4 years.

All leases are on a fixed repayment basis and no arrangements have been entered into for contingent rental payments.

Group
Non-cancellable
operating leases
31.12.24 31.12.23
as restated
£    £   
Within one year 1,047,344 1,058,045
Between one and five years 5,343,947 4,733,394
In more than five years 4,055,691 5,247,581
10,446,982 11,039,020

Company
Non-cancellable
operating leases
31.12.24 31.12.23
as restated
£    £   
Within one year 867,849 937,095
Between one and five years 5,098,942 4,733,394
In more than five years 4,055,691 5,247,581
10,022,482 10,918,070

19. PROVISIONS FOR LIABILITIES

Group Company
31.12.24 31.12.23 31.12.24 31.12.23
as restated as restated
£    £    £    £   
Deferred tax - 14,232 - 14,232

Group
Deferred
tax
£   
Balance at 1 January 2024 14,232
Credit to Income Statement during year (16,660 )
Balance at 31 December 2024 (2,428 )

CLARASYS LIMITED (REGISTERED NUMBER: 07311129)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024


19. PROVISIONS FOR LIABILITIES - continued

Company
Deferred
tax
£   
Balance at 1 January 2024 14,232
Provided during year (16,660 )
Balance at 31 December 2024 (2,428 )

20. CALLED UP SHARE CAPITAL

Allotted, issued and fully paid:
Number: Class: Nominal 31.12.24 31.12.23
value: as restated
£    £   
303 Ordinary £1 303 303

21. RELATED PARTY DISCLOSURES

During 2018, Clarasys EOT Limited purchased 60.4% of the ordinary share capital of Clarasys Limited. The funding for this transaction was achieved through a loan from the previous owners of the business. The loan is held within the EOT, but Clarasys Limited is guarantor on the loan to the EOT. The present obligation to make future loan payments is that of the EOT and so the liability for future loan payments has not been recognised by the company. The EOT is not controlled by the company. During the year, Clarasys Limited made payments to the EOT of £301,620 (2023: £150,212) which have been charged to the P&L reserves. These payments are reflected in the balance sheet equity accounts.

At the year end, the company owed £88,245 to the directors (2023: £120,588).

During the year, personal guarantees have been provided by two directors.

Clarasys Inc is 80% owned by Clarasys Limited. At the balance sheet date, Clarasys Inc owed the company £1,057,505 (2023: £1,289,233). During the year, sales of £482,503 (2023: £1,194,101) were made to Clarasys Inc, purchases of £831,490 (2023: £810,936) were made from Clarasys Inc and management charge were received of £230,249 (2023: £190,262).

22. ULTIMATE CONTROLLING PARTY

The ultimate controlling party is Clarasys EOT Limited.

Clarasys EOT Limited is the parent company and the ultimate controlling party, whose registered office is 7 Bell Yard, London, England, WC2A 2JR.

CLARASYS LIMITED (REGISTERED NUMBER: 07311129)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024


23. RECONCILIATION OF (LOSS)/PROFIT/PROFIT FOR THE FINANCIAL YEAR TO CASH GENERATED FROM
OPERATIONS

Group
31.12.24 31.12.23
as restated
£    £   
(Loss)/profit for the financial year (261,518 ) 316,686
Depreciation charges 93,965 98,856
Loss/(profit) on disposal of fixed assets 344 (253 )
Gain on revaluation of fixed assets (180,106 ) -
Foreign exchange gains - 23,072
Finance costs 267,272 250,649
Taxation 56,373 137,982
(23,670 ) 826,992
Decrease/(increase) in trade and other debtors 381,137 (855,278 )
(Decrease)/increase in trade and other creditors (333,011 ) 354,260
Cash generated from operations 24,456 325,974

Company
31.12.24 31.12.23
as restated
£    £   
Profit for the financial year 204,222 825,999
Depreciation charges 85,610 87,729
Profit on disposal of fixed assets - (253 )
Gain on revaluation of fixed assets (180,106 ) -
Finance costs 228,026 211,466
Taxation 56,373 137,187
394,125 1,262,128
Increase in trade and other debtors (31,619 ) (1,529,468 )
(Decrease)/increase in trade and other creditors (333,008 ) 380,724
Cash generated from operations 29,498 113,384

CLARASYS LIMITED (REGISTERED NUMBER: 07311129)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024


24. CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

The amounts disclosed on the Cash Flow Statements in respect of cash and cash equivalents are in respect of these Balance Sheet amounts:

Group Company
Year ended 31 December 2024
31.12.24 1.1.24 31.12.24 1.1.24
£    £    £    £   
Cash and cash equivalents 225,974 580,262 154,996 453,916
Year ended 31 December 2023
31.12.23 1.1.23 31.12.23 1.1.23
as restated as restated
£    £    £    £   
Cash and cash equivalents 580,262 135,928 453,916 96,138


25. ANALYSIS OF CHANGES IN NET DEBT

Group
At 1.1.24 Cash flow At 31.12.24
£    £    £   
Net cash
Cash at bank 580,262 (354,288 ) 225,974
580,262 (354,288 ) 225,974
Debt
Finance leases (64,647 ) (56,549 ) (121,196 )
Debts falling due within 1 year (2,772,093 ) (324,929 ) (3,097,022 )
(2,836,740 ) (381,478 ) (3,218,218 )
Total (2,256,478 ) (735,766 ) (2,992,244 )
Company
At 1.1.24 Cash flow At 31.12.24
£    £    £   
Net cash
Cash at bank 453,916 (298,920 ) 154,996
453,916 (298,920 ) 154,996
Debt
Finance leases (64,647 ) (56,549 ) (121,196 )
Debts falling due within 1 year (2,379,397 ) (318,291 ) (2,697,688 )
(2,444,044 ) (374,840 ) (2,818,884 )
Total (1,990,128 ) (673,760 ) (2,663,888 )