Company registration number 10476536 (England and Wales)
DUAD LIMITED
UNAUDITED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MAY 2025
PAGES FOR FILING WITH REGISTRAR
DUAD LIMITED
CONTENTS
Page
Balance sheet
1
Notes to the financial statements
2 - 5
DUAD LIMITED
BALANCE SHEET
AS AT
31 MAY 2025
31 May 2025
- 1 -
2025
2024
Notes
£
£
£
£
Fixed assets
Tangible assets
3
1,628
2,967
Current assets
Debtors
5
92,980
151,952
Investments
636,129
607,256
Cash at bank and in hand
291,096
271,546
1,020,205
1,030,754
Creditors: amounts falling due within one year
6
(92,324)
(110,573)
Net current assets
927,881
920,181
Net assets
929,509
923,148
Capital and reserves
Called up share capital
7
100
100
Profit and loss reserves
929,409
923,048
Total equity
929,509
923,148

For the financial year ended 31 May 2025 the company was entitled to exemption from audit under section 477 of the Companies Act 2006 relating to small companies.

T he members have not required the company to obtain an audit of its financial statements for the year in question in accordance with section 476.

The director acknowledges her responsibilities for complying with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006 with respect to accounting records and the preparation of financial statements.

These financial statements have been prepared and delivered in accordance with the provisions applicable to companies subject to the small companies regime.

The director of the company has elected not to include a copy of the profit and loss account within the financial statements.true

The financial statements were approved and signed by the director and authorised for issue on 19 February 2026
Mrs A C Davey
Director
Company registration number 10476536 (England and Wales)
DUAD LIMITED
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MAY 2025
- 2 -
1
Accounting policies
Company information

Duad Limited is a private company limited by shares incorporated in England and Wales. The registered office is 4th Floor, 4 Tabernacle Street, London, EC2A 4LU.

1.1
Basis of preparation

These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with FRS 102 “The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland” (“FRS 102”) and the requirements of the Companies Act 2006 as applicable to companies subject to the small companies regime. The disclosure requirements of section 1A of FRS 102 have been applied other than where additional disclosure is required to show a true and fair view.

The financial statements are prepared in sterling, which is the functional currency of the company. Monetary a mounts in these financial statements are rounded to the nearest £.

The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention. The principal accounting policies adopted are set out below.

1.2
Revenue

Revenue comprises sales of goods or services provided to customers net of value added tax and other sales taxes, less an appropriate deduction for actual and expected returns and discounts. Revenue is recognised when performance obligations are satisfied and the control of goods or services is transferred to the buyer. Where the performance obligation is satisfied over time, revenue is recognised in accordance with its progress towards complete satisfaction of that performance obligation.

When cash inflows are deferred and represent a financing arrangement, the promised consideration is adjusted for the effects of the time value of money, which is recognised as interest income.

The nature, timing of satisfaction of performance obligations and significant payment terms of the company's major sources of revenue are as follows:

Revenue from contracts for the provision of professional services is recognised by reference to the stage of completion when the stage of completion, costs incurred and costs to complete can be estimated reliably. The stage of completion is calculated by comparing costs incurred, mainly in relation to contractual hourly staff rates and materials, as a proportion of total costs. Where the outcome cannot be estimated reliably, revenue is recognised only to the extent of the expenses recognised that are recover able.

1.3
Tangible fixed assets

Tangible fixed assets are initially measured at cost and subsequently measured at cost or valuation, net of depreciation and any impairment losses.

Depreciation is recognised so as to write off the cost or valuation of assets less their residual values over their useful lives on the following bases:

Fixtures and fittings
25% reducing balance
Computers
3 years straight line

The gain or loss arising on the disposal of an asset is determined as the difference between the sale proceeds and the carrying value of the asset, and is credited or charged to profit or loss.

DUAD LIMITED
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MAY 2025
1
Accounting policies
(Continued)
- 3 -
1.4
Impairment of fixed assets

At each reporting period end date, the company reviews the carrying amounts of its tangible assets to determine whether there is any indication that those assets have suffered an impairment loss. If any such indication exists, the recoverable amount of the asset is estimated in order to determine the extent of the impairment loss (if any). Where it is not possible to estimate the recoverable amount of an individual asset, the company estimates the recoverable amount of the cash-generating unit to which the asset belongs.

1.5
Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents are basic financial assets and include cash in hand, deposits held at call with banks, other short-term liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less, and bank overdrafts. Bank overdrafts are shown within borrowings in current liabilities.

1.6
Financial instruments

The company has elected to apply the provisions of Section 11 ‘Basic Financial Instruments’ and Section 12 ‘Other Financial Instruments Issues’ of FRS 102 to all of its financial instruments.

Financial instruments are recognised in the company's balance sheet when the company becomes party to the contractual provisions of the instrument.

Financial assets and liabilities are offset, with the net amounts presented in the financial statements, when there is a legally enforceable right to set off the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis or to realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.

1.7
Taxation

The tax expense represents the sum of the tax currently payable and deferred tax.

Current tax

The tax currently payable is based on taxable profit for the year. Taxable profit differs from net profit as reported in the profit and loss account because it excludes items of income or expense that are taxable or deductible in other years and it further excludes items that are never taxable or deductible. The company’s liability for current tax is calculated using tax rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the reporting end date.

1.8
Employee benefits

The costs of short-term employee benefits are recognised as a liability and an expense, unless those costs are required to be recognised as part of the cost of stock or fixed assets.

The cost of any unused holiday entitlement is recognised in the period in which the employee’s services are received.

Termination benefits are recognised immediately as an expense when the company is demonstrably committed to terminate the employment of an employee or to provide termination benefits.

1.9
Retirement benefits

Payments to defined contribution retirement benefit schemes are charged as an expense as they fall due.

DUAD LIMITED
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MAY 2025
- 4 -
2
Employees

The average monthly number of persons (including directors) employed by the company during the year was:

2025
2024
Number
Number
Total
3
3
3
Tangible fixed assets
Plant and machinery etc
£
Cost
At 1 June 2024
14,123
Additions
117
At 31 May 2025
14,240
Depreciation and impairment
At 1 June 2024
11,156
Depreciation charged in the year
1,456
At 31 May 2025
12,612
Carrying amount
At 31 May 2025
1,628
At 31 May 2024
2,967
4
Financial instruments
2025
2024
£
£
Carrying amount of financial assets include:
Instruments measured at fair value through profit or loss
636,129
607,256
5
Debtors
2025
2024
Amounts falling due within one year:
£
£
Trade debtors
92,980
112,317
Other debtors
-
0
39,635
92,980
151,952
DUAD LIMITED
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MAY 2025
- 5 -
6
Creditors: amounts falling due within one year
2025
2024
£
£
Taxation and social security
86,562
104,894
Other creditors
5,762
5,679
92,324
110,573
7
Called up share capital
2025
2024
£
£
Ordinary share capital
Issued and fully paid
100
100
100
100
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