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Registered number: 06529629









Cosatto Limited









Annual Report and Financial Statements

For the Year Ended 31 August 2025

 
Cosatto Limited
 
 
Company Information


Directors
A S Kluge 
M Swift 
J B Phillips 




Registered number
06529629



Registered office
Bentinck Mill
Bentinck Street

Farnworth

Bolton

BL4 7EP




Independent auditors
Hurst Accountants Limited
Chartered Accountants & Statutory Auditors

3 Stockport Exchange

Stockport

Cheshire

SK1 3GG





 
Cosatto Limited
 

Contents



Page
Strategic Report
 
1 - 2
Directors' Report
 
3 - 4
Independent Auditors' Report
 
5 - 8
Statement of Comprehensive Income
 
9
Statement of Financial Position
 
10
Statement of Changes in Equity
 
11
Statement of Cash Flows
 
12
Analysis of Net Debt
 
13
Notes to the Financial Statements
 
14 - 32


 
Cosatto Limited
 
 
Strategic report
For the Year Ended 31 August 2025

Introduction
 
The Directors present the Strategic Report for the year ended 31 August 2025.

The principal activity of the Company continued to be the development, marketing and distribution of children's nursery products.

Business review
 
The Directors report that turnover increased to £12.9m (2024: £11.7m), representing growth of 10.3% compared with the prior year. This reflects progress in rebuilding sales volumes across the Company’s core nursery product ranges and distribution channels following the challenging trading conditions experienced in the previous financial year.

Gross margin for the year was 54.2% (
2024: 56.7%). The reduction compared with the prior year primarily reflects product mix, promotional activity and continuing inflationary pressures within international supply chains.

Administrative expenses include £103k of exceptional costs associated with the refinancing of the Company's borrowing facilities. These costs relate primarily to professional advisory and legal fees incurred in securing revised financing arrangements.

The Company reported an operating loss of £430k (
2024: £290k) and a loss after taxation of £626k (2024: £700k), as shown in the Statement of Comprehensive Income. Although the Company reported a loss for the year, the Directors consider the improvement in revenue together with continued cost control measures to represent progress towards restoring profitability.

The refinancing completed during the year has strengthened the Company’s funding structure and provides additional capacity to support working capital requirements and the future development of the business.

Principal risks and uncertainties
 
The Directors believe the principal risks and uncertainties facing the Company are largely macroeconomic in nature. Consumer demand within the nursery products sector continues to be influenced by cost-of-living pressures and competitive conditions within the Company's key markets.

Foreign exchange movements represent a key risk as a significant proportion of products are sourced internationally. The Company manages this exposure through foreign exchange hedging activities and ongoing monitoring of currency markets.

Inflationary pressures and lead-time challenges within global supply chains remain important operational considerations. These risks are mitigated through strong supplier relationships, careful inventory management and ongoing review of product pricing and positioning.

Financial key performance indicators

The company's financial key performance indicators are as follows
2025
2024
Turnover growth/(reduction)

10.3%

-4.2%

Gross margin

54.2%

56.7%

Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation, and Amortisation (EBITDA)

£-223k

£-168k

Net Assets

£456k

£1,082k


Page 1

 
Cosatto Limited
 

Strategic report (continued)
For the Year Ended 31 August 2025

Other key performance indicators
 
Other key performance indicators monitored by the Company include product return rates, employee engagement scores, customer feedback scores and social media following. These indicators assist management in monitoring product quality, customer satisfaction and brand engagement.

Outlook

The Directors remain focused on restoring profitability through sustainable revenue growth, continued product innovation and disciplined cost management and expect the business to move towards positive EBITDA in the next financial year.

Strategic priorities include strengthening relationships with key supply chain and retail partners, expanding international distribution and maintaining effective control of operating costs.


This report was approved by the board and signed on its behalf.



A S Kluge
Director

Date: 21 April 2026

Page 2

 
Cosatto Limited
 
 
 
Directors' report
For the Year Ended 31 August 2025

The directors present their report and the financial statements for the year ended 31 August 2025.

Directors' responsibilities statement

The directors are responsible for preparing the strategic report, the directors' report and the financial statements in accordance with applicable law and regulations.
 
Company law requires the directors to prepare financial statements for each financial year. Under that law the directors have elected to prepare the financial statements in accordance with applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice), including Financial Reporting Standard 102 ‘The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland'. Under company law the directors must not approve the financial statements unless they are satisfied that they give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the Company and of the profit or loss of the Company for that period.

 In preparing these financial statements, the directors are required to:


select suitable accounting policies for the Company's financial statements and then apply them consistently;

make judgments and accounting estimates that are reasonable and prudent;

state whether applicable UK Accounting Standards have been followed, subject to any material departures disclosed and explained in the financial statements;

prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that the Company will continue in business.

The directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that are sufficient to show and explain the Company's transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the Company and to enable them to ensure that the financial statements comply with the Companies Act 2006They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the Company and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities.

Results and dividends

The loss for the year, after taxation, amounted to £626 thousand  (2024 -loss £700 thousand).

No dividends were paid in the year (2024: £120,000). The directors do not recommend the payment of a final dividend (2024: £Nil). 

Directors

The directors who served during the year were:

V Morley (resigned 31 December 2024)
A S Kluge 
M Swift 
J B Phillips 

Page 3

 
Cosatto Limited
 
 
 
Directors' report (continued)
For the Year Ended 31 August 2025

Future developments

A review of the Company's performance and financial position for the year ended 31 August 2025 is set out in the Strategic Report. 

Going Concern

The Company has prepared detailed forecasts and projections covering a period in excess of twelve months from the date of approval of the financial statements. These projections consider current economic conditions, competitive pressures within the industry, detailed forecasting of future revenue streams, margins and expenses as well as the continuing focus on cost control measures.

Following the refinancing of the Company's borrowing facilities during the year, the Directors have a reasonable expectation that the Company has adequate resources to continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future and accordingly the financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis.

Disclosure of information to auditors

Each of the persons who are directors at the time when this directors' report is approved has confirmed that:
 
so far as the director is aware, there is no relevant audit information of which the Company's auditors are unaware, and

the director has taken all the steps that ought to have been taken as a director in order to be aware of any relevant audit information and to establish that the Company's auditors are aware of that information.

Auditors

The auditorsHurst Accountants Limitedwill be proposed for reappointment in accordance with section 485 of the Companies Act 2006.

This report was approved by the board and signed on its behalf.
 





A S Kluge
Director

Date: 21 April 2026

Page 4

 
Cosatto Limited
 
 
 
Independent Auditors' Report to the Members of Cosatto Limited
 

Opinion


We have audited the financial statements of Cosatto Limited (the 'Company') for the year ended 31 August 2025, which comprise the statement of comprehensive income, the statement of financial position, the statement of cash flows, the statement of changes in equity and the related notes, including a summary of significant accounting policiesThe financial reporting framework that has been applied in their preparation is applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards, including Financial Reporting Standard 102 ‘The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland' (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice).


In our opinion the financial statements:


give a true and fair view of the state of the Company's affairs as at 31 August 2025 and of its loss for the year then ended;
have been properly prepared in accordance with United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice; and
have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006.


Basis for opinion


We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and applicable law. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditors' responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements section of our report. We are independent of the Company in accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in the United Kingdom, including the Financial Reporting Council's Ethical Standard and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.


Conclusions relating to going concern


In auditing the financial statements, we have concluded that the directors' use of the going concern basis of accounting in the preparation of the financial statements is appropriate.


Based on the work we have performed, we have not identified any material uncertainties relating to events or conditions that, individually or collectively, may cast significant doubt on the Company's ability to continue as a going concern for a period of at least twelve months from when the financial statements are authorised for issue.


Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of the directors with respect to going concern are described in the relevant sections of this report.


Other information


The other information comprises the information included in the Annual Report other than the financial statements and our auditors' report thereon. The directors are responsible for the other information contained within the Annual ReportOur opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and, except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in our report, we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon. Our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the course of the audit, or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If we identify such material inconsistencies or apparent material misstatements, we are required to determine whether this gives rise to a material misstatement in the financial statements themselves. If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact.


We have nothing to report in this regard.


Page 5

 
Cosatto Limited
 
 
 
Independent Auditors' Report to the Members of Cosatto Limited (continued)


Opinion on other matters prescribed by the Companies Act 2006
 

In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of the audit:


the information given in the strategic report and the directors' report for the financial year for which the financial statements are prepared is consistent with the financial statements; and
the strategic report and the directors' report have been prepared in accordance with applicable legal requirements.


Matters on which we are required to report by exception
 

In the light of the knowledge and understanding of the Company and its environment obtained in the course of the audit, we have not identified material misstatements in the strategic report or the directors' report.


We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters in relation to which the Companies Act 2006 requires us to report to you if, in our opinion:


adequate accounting records have not been kept, or returns adequate for our audit have not been received from branches not visited by us; or
the financial statements are not in agreement with the accounting records and returns; or
certain disclosures of directors' remuneration specified by law are not made; or
we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit.


Responsibilities of directors
 

As explained more fully in the directors' responsibilities statement set out on page 3, the directors are responsible for the preparation of the financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair view, and for such internal control as the directors determine is necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.


In preparing the financial statements, the directors are responsible for assessing the Company's ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the directors either intend to liquidate the Company or to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so.


Page 6

 
Cosatto Limited
 
 
 
Independent Auditors' Report to the Members of Cosatto Limited (continued)


Auditors' responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements
 

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditors' report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements.


Irregularities, including fraud, are instances of non-compliance with laws and regulations. We design procedures in line with our responsibilities, outlined above, to detect material misstatements in respect of irregularities, including fraud. The extent to which our procedures are capable of detecting irregularities, including fraud is detailed below:

Identifying and assessing potential risks related to irregularities

In identifying and assessing the risks of material misstatement in respect of irregularities, including fraud and non-compliance with laws and regulations, we considered the following: 

The nature of the industry and sector in which the company operates; the control environment and business performance including key drivers for directors' remuneration, bonus levels and performance targets.
The outcome of enquiries of management, including whether management was aware of any instances of non-compliance with laws and regulations, and whether management had knowledge of any actual, suspected, or alleged fraud. 
Supporting documentation relating to the Company's policies and procedures for:
°Identifying, evaluating, and complying with laws and regulations
°Detecting and responding to the risks of fraud
The internal controls established to mitigate risks related to fraud or non-compliance with laws and regulations.
The outcome of discussions amongst the engagement team regarding how and where fraud might occur in the financial statements and any potential indicators of fraud.
The legal and regulatory framework in which the Company operates, particularly those laws and regulations which have a direct effect on the financial statements, such as the Companies Act 2006, pensions and tax legislation, or which had a fundamental effect on the operations of the Company, including General Data Protection requirements, and Anti-bribery and Corruption.

Audit response to risks identified

Our procedures to respond to the risks identified included the following:

Reviewing the financial statements disclosures and testing to supporting documentation to assess compliance with the provisions of those relevant laws and regulations which have a direct effect on the financial statements.
Discussions with management, including consideration of known or suspected instances of non-compliance with laws and regulations and fraud.
Evaluation and testing of the operating effectiveness of management’s controls designed to prevent and detect irregularities.
Enquiring of management about any actual and potential litigation and claims.
Performing analytical procedures to identify any unusual or unexpected relationships which may indicate risks of material misstatement due to fraud. 
Page 7

 
Cosatto Limited
 
 
 
Independent Auditors' Report to the Members of Cosatto Limited (continued)



We have also considered the risk of fraud through management override of controls by:

Testing the appropriateness of journal entries and other adjustments. We have used data analytics software to identify accounting transactions which may pose a heightened risk of material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.
Challenging assumptions made by management in their significant accounting estimates, and assessing whether the judgements made in making accounting estimates are indicative of a potential bias; and
Evaluating the business rationale of any significant transactions that are unusual or outside the normal course of business.

We also communicated relevant identified laws and regulations and potential fraud risks to all engagement team members and remained alert to any indications of fraud or non-compliance with laws and regulations throughout the audit.

There are inherent limitations in the audit procedures described above, and the further removed non-compliance with laws and regulations are from the events and transactions reflected in the financial statements, the less likely we would become aware of them.  Also, the risk of not detecting a material misstatement due to fraud is higher than the risk of not detecting one resulting from error, as fraud may involve deliberate concealment by, for example, forgery or intentional misrepresentations, or through collusion.


A further description of our responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements is located on the Financial Reporting Council's website at: www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities. This description forms part of our auditors' report.


Use of our report
 

This report is made solely to the Company's members, as a body, in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of the Companies Act 2006Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the Company's members those matters we are required to state to them in an auditors' report and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other than the Company and the Company's members, as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we have formed.





John Glover (Senior Statutory Auditor)
for and on behalf of
Hurst Accountants Limited
Chartered Accountants
Statutory Auditors
3 Stockport Exchange
Stockport
Cheshire
SK1 3GG

22 April 2026
Page 8

 
Cosatto Limited
 
 
Statement of comprehensive income
For the Year Ended 31 August 2025

2025
2024
Note
£000
£000

  

Turnover
 4 
12,932
11,722

Cost of sales
  
(5,920)
(5,079)

Gross profit
  
7,012
6,643

Distribution costs
  
(1,523)
(1,336)

Administrative expenses
  
(5,851)
(5,659)

Exceptional administrative expenses
 13 
(103)
-

Other operating income
 5 
35
62

Operating loss
 6 
(430)
(290)

Interest payable and similar expenses
 10 
(204)
(227)

Loss before tax
  
(634)
(517)

Tax on loss
 11 
8
(183)

Loss for the financial year
  
(626)
(700)

Other comprehensive income for the year
  

Unrealised surplus on revaluation of tangible fixed assets
  
-
838

Transfer of excess depreciation on revalued property
  
44
-

Total comprehensive income for the year
  
(582)
138

The notes on pages 14 to 32 form part of these financial statements.

Page 9

 
Cosatto Limited
Registered number: 06529629

Statement of financial position
As at 31 August 2025

2025
2024
Note
£000
£000

Fixed assets
  

Tangible assets
 15 
1,906
1,989

Investments
 16 
5
5

  
1,911
1,994

Current assets
  

Stocks
 17 
3,309
2,560

Debtors: amounts falling due within one year
 18 
1,109
987

Cash at bank and in hand
 19 
33
511

  
4,451
4,058

Creditors: amounts falling due within one year
 20 
(4,246)
(4,457)

Net current assets/(liabilities)
  
 
 
205
 
 
(399)

Total assets less current liabilities
  
2,116
1,595

Creditors: amounts falling due after more than one year
 21 
(1,405)
(235)

Provisions for liabilities
  

Deferred tax
 23 
(237)
(245)

Other provisions
 24 
(18)
(33)

  
 
 
(255)
 
 
(278)

Net assets
  
456
1,082


Capital and reserves
  

Called up share capital 
 25 
1
1

Revaluation reserve
 26 
1,363
1,407

Profit and loss account
 26 
(908)
(326)

  
456
1,082


The financial statements were approved and authorised for issue by the board and were signed on its behalf by: 


A S Kluge
Director

Date: 21 April 2026

The notes on pages 14 to 32 form part of these financial statements.

Page 10

 
Cosatto Limited
 

Statement of changes in equity
For the Year Ended 31 August 2025


Called up share capital
Revaluation reserve
Profit and loss account
Total equity

£000
£000
£000
£000

At 1 September 2024
1
1,407
(326)
1,082


Comprehensive income for the year

Loss for the year
-
-
(626)
(626)

Unrealised surplus on revaluation of freehold property
-
-
-
-

Transfer of excess depreciation on revalued property
-
(44)
44
-
Total comprehensive income for the year
-
(44)
(582)
(626)


At 31 August 2025
1
1,363
(908)
456



Statement of changes in equity
For the Year Ended 31 August 2024


Called up share capital
Revaluation reserve
Profit and loss account
Total equity

£000
£000
£000
£000

At 1 September 2023
1
569
494
1,064


Comprehensive income for the year

Loss for the year
-
-
(700)
(700)

Unrealised surplus on revaluation of freehold property
-
838
-
838

Transfer of excess depreciation on revalued property
-
-
-
-
Total comprehensive income for the year
-
838
(700)
138

Dividends: Equity capital
-
-
(120)
(120)


At 31 August 2024
1
1,407
(326)
1,082


The notes on pages 14 to 32 form part of these financial statements.

Page 11

 
Cosatto Limited
 

Statement of cash flows
For the Year Ended 31 August 2025

2025
2024
£000
£000

Cash flows from operating activities

Loss for the financial year
(626)
(700)

Adjustments for:

Depreciation of tangible assets
105
122

Loss on disposal of tangible assets
-
(4)

Interest paid
204
224

Taxation charge
(8)
183

Increase in stocks
(749)
(81)

(Increase)/decrease in debtors
(123)
317

Increase in creditors
499
1,157

(Decrease)/increase in provisions
(15)
1

Net cash (used in) / generated from operating activities

(713)
1,219

Cash flows from investing activities

Purchase of tangible fixed assets
(22)
(30)

Sale of tangible fixed assets
-
4

Net cash from investing activities

(22)
(26)

Cash flows from financing activities

Other new loans
1,400
-

Repayment of other loans
(286)
(150)

Movements on invoice discounting and loan facilities
(343)
(794)

Dividends paid
-
(120)

Interest paid
(204)
(224)

Net cash generated from / (used in) financing activities
567
(1,288)

Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents
(168)
(95)

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year
198
293

Cash and cash equivalents at the end of year
30
198


Cash and cash equivalents at the end of year comprise:

Cash at bank and in hand
33
511

Bank overdrafts
(3)
(313)

30
198


The notes on pages 14 to 32 form part of these financial statements.

Page 12

 
Cosatto Limited
 

Analysis of Net Debt
For the Year Ended 31 August 2025




At 1 September 2024
Cash flows
At 31 August 2025
£000

£000

£000

Cash at bank and in hand

511

(478)

33

Bank overdrafts

(313)

310

(3)

Debt due after 1 year

(113)

(1,124)

(1,237)

Debt due within 1 year

(150)

10

(140)


(65)
(1,282)
(1,347)

The notes on pages 14 to 32 form part of these financial statements.

Page 13

 
Cosatto Limited
 
 
 
Notes to the financial statements
For the Year Ended 31 August 2025

1.


General information

Cosatto Limited is a private Company limited by members capital incorporated in England, number 06529629. The address of the registered office and principal place of business is Bentinck Mill, Bentinck Street, Farnworth, Bolton, BL4 7EP. 

The nature of the Company's operation and its principal activity is that of development, marketing and distribution of children's nursery related products. 

2.Accounting policies

 
2.1

Basis of preparation of financial statements

The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention unless otherwise specified within these accounting policies and in accordance with Financial Reporting Standard 102, the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and the Republic of Ireland and the Companies Act 2006.

The preparation of financial statements in compliance with FRS 102 requires the use of certain critical accounting estimates. It also requires management to exercise judgment in applying the Company's accounting policies (see note 3).

The following principal accounting policies have been applied:

 
2.2

Going concern

The financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis. The following paragraphs set out the basis of which the directors have reached their conclusion.

At 31 August 2025 the Company had net current assets of £205k (
2024: net current liabilities of £399k) and made a loss after tax for the year of £626k (2024: £700k).

The Company has prepared monthly forecasts and projections for a period in excess of twelve months from the date of approval, and these projections indicate that the Company will be back on track to deliver a positive EBITDA and be cash generative once again for the next financial year. The forecasts have been created taking into consideration sensitivities to consider the current general economic conditions, the competitive nature of the industry, inflationary impacts,  sales volume and unit price pressures, and taking into account the continuing necessary cost control measures which commenced in the prior financial year.

During the year, the Company refinanced its borrowing facilities and secured revised long-term financing arrangements, which continue to provide support for the Company’s working capital requirements.

The Company finances its operations, largely, through operating cash flows with short term finance facilities in the form of loans secured on the assets of the Company. These are primarily used to support working capital requirements. With the losses sustained in the current and prior years, the ongoing support of loan facility providers is fundamental to the cash management of the business. The directors are confident in delivering the new financial year forecast and returning the Company to a positive EBITDA, furthermore the directors have a reasonable expectation that the Company has adequate resources to continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future and that it is therefore appropriate to prepare the annual report and financial statements to 31 August 2025 on a going concern basis.

Page 14

 
Cosatto Limited
 
 
 
Notes to the financial statements
For the Year Ended 31 August 2025

2.Accounting policies (continued)

 
2.3

Foreign currency translation

Functional and presentation currency

The Company's functional and presentational currency is GBP.

Transactions and balances

Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using the spot exchange rates at the dates of the transactions.

At each period end foreign currency monetary items are translated using the closing rate. Non-monetary items measured at historical cost are translated using the exchange rate at the date of the transaction and non-monetary items measured at fair value are measured using the exchange rate when fair value was determined.

Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of transactions and from the translation at period-end exchange rates of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are recognised in profit or loss except when deferred in other comprehensive income as qualifying cash flow hedges.

 
2.4

Revenue

Revenue is recognised to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the revenue can be reliably measured. Revenue is measured as the fair value of the consideration received or receivable, excluding discounts, rebates, value added tax and other sales taxes. The following criteria must also be met before revenue is recognised:

Sale of goods

Revenue from the sale of goods is recognised when all of the following conditions are satisfied:
the Company has transferred the significant risks and rewards of ownership to the buyer;
the Company retains neither continuing managerial involvement to the degree usually associated with ownership nor effective control over the goods sold;
the amount of revenue can be measured reliably;
it is probable that the Company will receive the consideration due under the transaction; and
the costs incurred or to be incurred in respect of the transaction can be measured reliably.

 
2.5

Operating leases: the Company as lessor

Rental income from operating leases is credited to profit or loss on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

 
2.6

Operating leases: the Company as lessee

Rentals paid under operating leases are charged to profit or loss on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

 
2.7

Finance costs

Finance costs are charged to profit or loss over the term of the debt using the effective interest method so that the amount charged is at a constant rate on the carrying amount. Issue costs are initially recognised as a reduction in the proceeds of the associated capital instrument.

Page 15

 
Cosatto Limited
 
 
 
Notes to the financial statements
For the Year Ended 31 August 2025

2.Accounting policies (continued)

 
2.8

Borrowing costs

All borrowing costs are recognised in profit or loss in the year in which they are incurred.

 
2.9

Pensions

Defined contribution pension plan

The Company operates a defined contribution plan for its employees. A defined contribution plan is a pension plan under which the Company pays fixed contributions into a separate entity. Once the contributions have been paid the Company has no further payment obligations.

The contributions are recognised as an expense in profit or loss when they fall due. Amounts not paid are shown in accruals as a liability in the statement of financial position. The assets of the plan are held separately from the Company in independently administered funds.

 
2.10

Current and deferred taxation

The tax expense for the year comprises current and deferred tax. Tax is recognised in profit or loss except that a charge attributable to an item of income and expense recognised as other comprehensive income or to an item recognised directly in equity is also recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity respectively.

The current income tax charge is calculated on the basis of tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the reporting date in the countries where the Company operates and generates income.

Deferred tax balances are recognised in respect of all timing differences that have originated but not reversed by the reporting date, except that:
The recognition of deferred tax assets is limited to the extent that it is probable that they will be recovered against the reversal of deferred tax liabilities or other future taxable profits; and
Any deferred tax balances are reversed if and when all conditions for retaining associated tax allowances have been met.

Deferred tax balances are not recognised in respect of permanent differences except in respect of business combinations, when deferred tax is recognised on the differences between the fair values of assets acquired and the future tax deductions available for them and the differences between the fair values of liabilities acquired and the amount that will be assessed for tax. Deferred tax is determined using tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the reporting date.


 
2.11

Exceptional items

Exceptional items are transactions that fall within the ordinary activities of the Company but are presented separately due to their size or incidence.

Page 16

 
Cosatto Limited
 
 
 
Notes to the financial statements
For the Year Ended 31 August 2025

2.Accounting policies (continued)

 
2.12

Intangible assets

Goodwill

Goodwill represents the difference between amounts paid on the cost of a business combination and the acquirer’s interest in the fair value of its identifiable assets and liabilities of the acquiree at the date of acquisition. Subsequent to initial recognition, Goodwill is measured at cost less accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses. Goodwill is amortised on a straight line basis to the statement of comprehensive income over its useful economic life, which is 10 years. 

 
2.13

Tangible fixed assets

Tangible fixed assets under the cost model are stated at historical cost less accumulated depreciation and any accumulated impairment losses. Historical cost includes expenditure that is directly attributable to bringing the asset to the location and condition necessary for it to be capable of operating in the manner intended by management.

At each reporting date the Company assesses whether there is any indication of impairment. If such indication exists, the recoverable amount of the asset is determined which is the higher of its fair value less costs to sell and its value in use. An impairment loss is recognised where the carrying amount exceeds the recoverable amount.

Depreciation is charged so as to allocate the cost of assets less their residual value over their estimated useful lives, using the straight-line method.

Depreciation is provided on the following basis:

Freehold property
-
2%
straight line
Plant and machinery
-
20%
straight line
Motor vehicles
-
25%
straight line
Fixtures and fittings
-
25%
straight line
Computer equipment
-
20%
straight line

The assets' residual values, useful lives and depreciation methods are reviewed, and adjusted prospectively if appropriate, or if there is an indication of a significant change since the last reporting date.

Gains and losses on disposals are determined by comparing the proceeds with the carrying amount and are recognised in profit or loss.

 
2.14

Revaluation of tangible fixed assets

Individual freehold and leasehold properties are carried at current year value at fair value at the date of the revaluation less any subsequent accumulated depreciation and subsequent accumulated impairment losses. Revaluations are undertaken with sufficient regularity to ensure the carrying amount does not differ materially from that which would be determined using fair value at the reporting date.

Fair values are determined from market based evidence normally undertaken by professionally qualified valuers.

Revaluation gains and losses are recognised in other comprehensive income unless losses exceed the previously recognised gains or reflect a clear consumption of economic benefits, in which case the excess losses are recognised in profit or loss.

Page 17

 
Cosatto Limited
 
 
 
Notes to the financial statements
For the Year Ended 31 August 2025

2.Accounting policies (continued)

 
2.15

Valuation of investments

Investments in unlisted Company shares, whose market value can be reliably determined, are remeasured to market value at each reporting date. Gains and losses on remeasurement are recognised in the statement of comprehensive income for the period. Where market value cannot be reliably determined, such investments are stated at historic cost less impairment.

 
2.16

Stocks

Stocks are stated at the lower of cost and net realisable value, being the estimated selling price less costs to complete and sell. Cost is based on the cost of purchase on a weighted average basis.

At each reporting date, stocks are assessed for impairment. If stock is impaired, the carrying amount is reduced to its selling price less costs to complete and sell. The impairment loss is recognised immediately in the profit or loss.

 
2.17

Debtors

Short-term debtors are measured at transaction price, less any impairment.

 
2.18

Cash and cash equivalents

Cash is represented by cash in hand and deposits with financial institutions repayable without penalty on notice of not more than 24 hours. Cash equivalents are highly liquid investments that mature in no more than three months from the date of acquisition and that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash with insignificant risk of change in value.

In the statement of cash flows, cash and cash equivalents are shown net of bank overdrafts that are repayable on demand and form an integral part of the Company's cash management.

 
2.19

Creditors

Short-term creditors are measured at the transaction price. Other financial liabilities, including bank loans, are measured initially at fair value, net of transaction costs, and are measured subsequently at amortised cost using the effective interest method.

 
2.20

Provisions for liabilities

Provisions are recognised when an event has taken place that gives rise to a legal or constructive obligation, a transfer of economic benefits is probable and a reliable estimate can be made.

Provisions are measured as the best estimate of the amount required to settle the obligation, taking into account the related risks and uncertainties.
 
Increases in provisions are generally charged as an expense to profit or loss.

Page 18

 
Cosatto Limited
 
 
 
Notes to the financial statements
For the Year Ended 31 August 2025

2.Accounting policies (continued)

 
2.21

Financial instruments

The Company has elected to apply the provisions of Section 11 “Basic Financial Instruments” of FRS 102 to all of its financial instruments.

The Company has elected to apply the recognition and measurement provisions of IFRS 9 Financial Instruments (as adopted by the UK Endorsement Board) with the disclosure requirements of Sections 11 and 12 and the other presentation requirements of FRS 102.

Financial instruments are recognised in the Company's statement of financial position when the Company becomes party to the contractual provisions of the instrument.

Financial assets and liabilities are offset, with the net amounts presented in the financial statements, when there is a legally enforceable right to set off the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis or to realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.

Basic financial assets

Basic financial assets, which include trade and other debtors, cash and bank balances, are initially measured at their transaction price (adjusted for transaction costs except in the initial measurement of financial assets that are subsequently measured at fair value through profit and loss) and are subsequently carried at their amortised cost using the effective interest method, less any provision for impairment, unless the arrangement constitutes a financing transaction, where the transaction is measured at the present value of the future receipts discounted at a market rate of interest.

Discounting is omitted where the effect of discounting is immaterial. The Company's cash and cash equivalents, trade and most other debtors due with the operating cycle fall into this category of financial instruments.

Other financial assets

Other financial assets, which includes investments in equity instruments which are not classified as subsidiaries, associates or joint ventures, are initially measured at fair value, which is normally the recognised transaction price. Such assets are subsequently measured at fair value with the changes in fair value being recognised in the profit or loss. Where other financial assets are not publicly traded, hence their fair value cannot be measured reliably, they are measured at cost less impairment.

Impairment of financial assets

At the end of each reporting period financial assets measured at amortised cost are assessed for objective evidence of impairment. If an asset is impaired the impairment loss is the difference between the carrying amount and the present value of the estimated cash flows discounted at the asset’s original effective interest rate. The impairment loss is recognised in profit or loss. 

Financial assets are impaired when events, subsequent to their initial recognition, indicate the estimated future cash flows derived from the financial asset(s) have been adversely impacted. The impairment loss will be the difference between the current carrying amount and the present value of the future cash flows at the asset(s) original effective interest rate.

If there is a favourable change in relation to the events surrounding the impairment loss then the impairment can be reviewed for possible reversal. The reversal will not cause the current carrying amount to exceed the original carrying amount had the impairment not been recognised. The impairment reversal is recognised in the profit or loss.

Page 19

 
Cosatto Limited
 
 
 
Notes to the financial statements
For the Year Ended 31 August 2025

2.Accounting policies (continued)


2.21
Financial instruments (continued)

Basic financial liabilities

Financial liabilities and equity instruments are classified according to the substance of the contractual arrangements entered into. An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of the Company after the deduction of all its liabilities.

Basic financial liabilities, which include trade and other creditors, bank loans and other loans are initially measured at their transaction price (adjusting for transaction costs except in the initial measurement of financial liabilities that are subsequently measured at fair value through profit and loss). When this constitutes a financing transaction, whereby the debt instrument is measured at the present value of the future payments discounted at a market rate of interest, discounting is omitted where the effect of discounting is immaterial.

Debt instruments are subsequently carried at their amortised cost using the effective interest rate method.

Trade creditors are obligations to pay for goods and services that have been acquired in the ordinary course of business from suppliers. Trade creditors are classified as current liabilities if the payment is due within one year. If not, they represent non-current liabilities. Trade creditors are initially recognised at their transaction price and subsequently are measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method. Discounting is omitted where the effect of discounting is immaterial.

Other financial instruments

Derivatives, including forward exchange contracts, futures contracts and interest rate swaps, are not classified as basic financial instruments. These are initially recognised at fair value on the date the derivative contract is entered into, with costs being charged to the profit or loss. They are subsequently measured at fair value with changes in the profit or loss.

Debt instruments that do not meet the conditions as set out in FRS 102 paragraph 11.9 are subsequently measured at fair value through the profit or loss. This recognition and measurement would also apply to financial instruments where the performance is evaluated on a fair value basis as with a documented risk management or investment strategy.

Derecognition of financial instruments

Derecognition of financial assets

Financial assets are derecognised when their contractual right to future cash flow expire, or are settled, or when the Company transfers the asset and substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership to another party. If significant risks and rewards of ownership are retained after the transfer to another party, then the Company will continue to recognise the value of the portion of the risks and rewards retained.

Derecognition of financial liabilities

Financial liabilities are derecognised when the Company's contractual obligations expire or are discharged or cancelled.

Page 20

 
Cosatto Limited
 
 
 
Notes to the financial statements
For the Year Ended 31 August 2025

2.Accounting policies (continued)

 
2.22

Dividends

Equity dividends are recognised when they become legally payable. Interim equity dividends are recognised when paid. Final equity dividends are recognised when approved by the shareholders at an annual general meeting.


3.


Judgements in applying accounting policies and key sources of estimation uncertainty

The preparation of the financial statements requires the Directors to make judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported for assets and liabilities as at the balance sheet date and the amounts reported for revenues and expenses during the year. However, the nature of estimates means that actual outcomes could differ from those estimates. The following material judgements have had the most significant effect on amounts recognised in the financial statements. 

Warranty provision

The Company offers customers purchasing goods a 4 year guarantee if they register the guarantee within 28 days of the purchase. The Company reviews its warranty provision on a regular basis. A warranty provision is made based on historical data regarding credit notes raised by the Company. At the year end, the warranty provision totalled £18,000 (2024: £33,000). 

Provision for impairment loss on trade debtors

The Directors of the Company exercises significant judgement in providing for impairment loss on trade debtors. At the year end, the value of trade debtors totalled £919,000 (2024: £748,000). 

Provision for obsolete and slow moving stocks

The Company reviews its stock to assess loss on account of obsolescence on a regular basis. In determining whether provision for obsolescence should be recorded in the profit or loss, the company makes judgements as to whether there is any observable data indicating that there is any future salability of the product and the estimated net realisable value for such product. Accordingly, provision for impairment is made where the net realisable value is less than the cost based on best estimates by the management. The provision for obsolescence of stock is based on the ageing and historical sales pattern. At the year end, the value of stock totalled £3,309,000 (2024: £2,560,000). 

Property Valuation

The Directors of the Company exercise significant judgement in assessing that the property valuation has not changed from the date it was valued to the balance sheet date. The value of the property at the year end totalled £1,822,000 (2024: £1,860,000). 

Other estimates and judgements

The Directors of the Company also exercise significant judgement in estimating the useful life of tangible and fixed assets. 

Should these estimates vary, the profit or loss and balance sheet of the following years could be impacted. 

Page 21

 
Cosatto Limited
 
 
 
Notes to the financial statements
For the Year Ended 31 August 2025

4.


Turnover

An analysis of turnover by class of business is as follows:


2025
2024
£000
£000

Design and manufacture of baby products
12,932
11,722


Analysis of turnover by country of destination:

2025
2024
£000
£000

United Kingdom
11,362
10,511

Rest of Europe
1,521
1,104

Rest of the world
49
107

12,932
11,722



5.


Other operating income

2025
2024
£000
£000

Commissions receivable
35
62



6.


Operating loss

The operating loss is stated after charging/(crediting):

2025
2024
£000
£000



Profit on disposal of tangible fixed assets
-
(4)

Depreciation on tangible fixed assets
105
123

Other operating lease rentals
1
3

Defined contribution pension cost
69
75

Page 22

 
Cosatto Limited
 
 
 
Notes to the financial statements
For the Year Ended 31 August 2025

7.


Auditors' remuneration

During the year, the Company obtained the following services from the Company's auditors:


2025
2024
£000
£000

Fees payable to the Company's auditors for the audit of the Company's financial statements
12
12

8.


Employees

Staff costs, including directors' remuneration, were as follows:


2025
2024
£000
£000

Wages and salaries
1,741
1,931

Social security costs
187
201

Cost of defined contribution scheme
69
75

1,997
2,207


The average monthly number of employees, including the directors, during the year was as follows:


        2025
        2024
            No.
            No.







Administrative
45
49



Directors
3
4

48
53


9.


Directors' remuneration

2025
2024
£000
£000

Directors' emoluments
318
445

Company contributions to defined contribution pension schemes
34
39

352
484


During the year retirement benefits were accruing to 3 directors (2024 -3) in respect of defined contribution pension schemes.

The highest paid director received remuneration of £98k (2024 -£146k).

The value of the Company's contributions paid to a defined contribution pension scheme in respect of the highest paid director amounted to £1k (2024 -£NIL).

Page 23

 
Cosatto Limited
 
 
 
Notes to the financial statements
For the Year Ended 31 August 2025

10.


Interest payable and similar expenses

2025
2024
£000
£000


Other loan interest payable
143
149

Other interest payable
61
78

204
227


11.


Taxation


2025
2024
£000
£000



Current tax on profits for the year
-
-


Deferred tax


Origination and reversal of timing differences
(8)
165

Adjustments to deferred tax charge in respect of prior periods
-
18


Tax on profit/(loss) on ordinary activities
(8)
183
Page 24

 
Cosatto Limited
 
 
 
Notes to the financial statements
For the Year Ended 31 August 2025
 
11.Taxation (continued)


Factors affecting tax charge for the year

The tax assessed for the year is higher than (2024 -higher than) the standard rate of corporation tax in the UK of 25% (2024 -25%). The differences are explained below:

2025
2024
£000
£000


Loss on ordinary activities before tax
(634)
(517)


Loss on ordinary activities multiplied by standard rate of corporation tax in the UK of 25% (2024 -25%)
(159)
(129)

Effects of:


Expenses not deductible for tax purposes, other than goodwill amortisation and impairment
13
7

Adjustment to deferred tax charge in respect of prior periods
-
18

Unrelieved trading loss for the period
138
107

Other differences leading to an increase (decrease) in the tax charge
-
180

Total tax charge for the year
(8)
183


Factors that may affect future tax charges

The company has unutilised tax losses of £1.9m available to offset against future taxable profits.


12.


Dividends

2025
2024
£000
£000

A Ordinary


Dividends paid
-
120


13.


Exceptional items

2025
2024
£000
£000


Refinancing fees
103
-

During the year, the company incurred exceptional fees of £103k in connection with the refinancing of its borrowing facilities. These costs primarily relate to professional advisory fees, legal fees, and other directly attributable expenses incurred to secure new long-term financing arrangements.

Page 25

 
Cosatto Limited
 
 
 
Notes to the financial statements
For the Year Ended 31 August 2025

14.


Intangible assets




Goodwill

£000



Cost


At 1 September 2024
861



At 31 August 2025

861



Amortisation


At 1 September 2024
861



At 31 August 2025

861



Net book value



At 31 August 2025
-



At 31 August 2024
-



Page 26

 
Cosatto Limited
 
 
 
Notes to the financial statements
For the Year Ended 31 August 2025

15.


Tangible fixed assets





Freehold property
Plant and machinery
Motor vehicles
Fixtures and fittings
Computer equipment
Total

£000
£000
£000
£000
£000
£000



Cost or valuation


At 1 September 2024
1,860
834
12
322
373
3,401


Additions
-
13
-
-
9
22



At 31 August 2025

1,860
847
12
322
382
3,423



Depreciation


At 1 September 2024
-
742
1
319
350
1,412


Charge for the year on owned assets
37
46
3
1
18
105



At 31 August 2025

37
788
4
320
368
1,517



Net book value



At 31 August 2025
1,823
59
8
2
14
1,906



At 31 August 2024
1,860
92
10
3
24
1,989

The freehold property was valued at £1,860,000 by Fisher German LLP, on 10 March 2025, on an open market basis. The directors believe this to be the value as at the year end balance sheet date. 

All other tangible assets are stated at historical cost less depreciation and impairments.

If the land and buildings had not been included at valuation they would have been included under the historical cost convention as follows:

2025
2024
£000
£000



Cost
594
594

Accumulated depreciation
(163)
(151)

Net book value
431
443

Page 27

 
Cosatto Limited
 
 
 
Notes to the financial statements
For the Year Ended 31 August 2025

16.


Fixed asset investments





Unlisted investments

£000



Cost or valuation


At 1 September 2024
5



At 31 August 2025
5






Net book value



At 31 August 2025
5



At 31 August 2024
5


17.


Stocks

2025
2024
£000
£000

Finished goods and goods for resale
3,309
2,560



18.


Debtors

2025
2024
£000
£000


Trade debtors
919
748

Prepayments and accrued income
190
239

1,109
987



19.


Cash and cash equivalents

2025
2024
£000
£000

Cash at bank and in hand
33
511

Less: bank overdrafts
(3)
(313)

30
198


Page 28

 
Cosatto Limited
 
 
 
Notes to the financial statements
For the Year Ended 31 August 2025

20.


Creditors: Amounts falling due within one year

2025
2024
£000
£000

Bank overdrafts
3
313

Other loans
140
150

Trade creditors
2,487
2,043

Other taxation and social security
328
312

Invoice discounting and stock loan facility
1,054
1,397

Other creditors
96
58

Accruals and deferred income
138
184

4,246
4,457


Other loans in the prior year related to a government Coronavirus Business Interruption Loan. This loan was repaid in full in the year. Interest was charged on the loan at 3.99% per annum over Base Rate and the loan was secured by a guarantee from one of the directors, limited to £75,000.

During the year, the company took out a building loan facility, included in other loans, and is repayable over 10 years, subject to a minimum term of 3 years. Interest is charged at a floating rate of base rate plus a 4.5% margin and is secured on the Company's freehold property.

The invoice discounting facility is secured on certain book debts of the Company, the stock loan facility on the stock of the Company. 

Included within other creditors is a loan owed to one of the directors amounting to £82,000 (
2024: £38,000). This loan is repayable over 60 months with interest charged at 8%. 


21.


Creditors: Amounts falling due after more than one year

2025
2024
£000
£000

Other loans
1,237
113

Other creditors
168
122

1,405
235


The loan owed to one of the directors within amounts falling due within one year has been split to reflect the ageing of the loan. The amount falling due after more than one year in other creditors is £168k (2024: £122k). 

During the year, the company took out a building loan facility, included in other loans, and is repayable over 10 years, subject to a minimum term of 3 years. Interest is charged at a floating rate of base rate plus a 4.5% margin and is secured on the Company's freehold property.

Page 29

 
Cosatto Limited
 
 
 
Notes to the financial statements
For the Year Ended 31 August 2025

22.


Loans


Analysis of the maturity of loans is given below:


2025
2024
£000
£000

Amounts falling due within one year

Other loans
140
150


140
150

Amounts falling due 1-2 years

Other loans
140
113

Amounts falling due 2-5 years

Other loans
420
-

Amounts falling due after more than 5 years

Other loans
677
-

677
-

1,377
263



23.


Deferred taxation




2025
2024


£000

£000






At 1 September
(245)
(62)


Charged to profit or loss
8
(183)



At 31 August
(237)
(245)

The provision for deferred taxation is made up as follows:

2025
2024
£000
£000


Accelerated capital allowances
(37)
(48)

Revaluation of property
(209)
(209)

Other timing differences
8
12

(238)
(245)

Page 30

 
Cosatto Limited
 
 
 
Notes to the financial statements
For the Year Ended 31 August 2025

24.


Provisions




Warranty

£000





At 1 September 2024
33


Charged to profit or loss
19


Utilised in year
(34)



At 31 August 2025
18

The Company gives a four year warranty on certain products sold. Such warranty is in respect of the Company's undertaking to repair or replace those items that fail to perform satisfactory upon meeting the terms and conditions set by the Company. A provision for warranty is calculated and recognised for each type of such product based available past historical data on the levels of repairs and returns. 


25.


Share capital

2025
2024
£
£
Allotted, called up and fully paid



844 (2024:844) A Ordinary shares of £1.00 each
844
844
15,600 (2024:15,600) B Ordinary shares of £0.01 each
156
156

1,000

1,000

The A Ordinary shares have full voting rights and full entitlement to dividends. 

The B Ordinary shares have no voting rights and are entitled to dividends after the A Ordinary shares. 



26.


Reserves

Revaluation reserve

A revaluation reserve arose on a revaluation of a property in accordance with UK GAAP.

There are non-distributable reserves of £1,363,000 (
2024:£1,407,000) in respect of revaluations of land and buildings, net of depreciation recognised in the profit and loss account in excess of depreciation applicable under the historical cost convention and associated deferred tax liabilities.

Profit and loss account

The profit and loss account includes all current and prior period retained profits and losses. 

Page 31

 
Cosatto Limited
 
 
 
Notes to the financial statements
For the Year Ended 31 August 2025

27.


Pension commitments

The Company operates a defined contribution pension scheme. The assets of the scheme are held separately from those of the Company in an independently administered fund. The pension cost charge represents contributions payable by the Company to the fund and amounted to £69,000 (2024: £75,000). Contributions totalling £9,000 (2024: £12,000) were payable to the fund at the reporting date.


28.


Commitments under operating leases

At 31 August 2025 the Company had future minimum lease payments due under non-cancellable operating leases for each of the following periods:

2025
2024
£000
£000


Not later than 1 year
1
-


29.


Related party transactions

During the year, £100,000 (2024: £270,000) was loaned to the Company by a director and £10,000 (2024: £110,000) has been repaid. At the year end there is £250,000 (2024: £160,000) due to the director. The maximum amount owed to the Director by the Company was £250,000 (2024:£210,000). Interest is charged at 8% on £250,000 of the outstanding amount.


30.


Controlling party

The Company is controlled by A S Kluge, by way of his 100% interest in the voting share capital of the Company. 

Page 32