IRIS Accounts Production v26.1.0.640 13367033 Board of Directors 31.5.25 1.6.24 31.5.25 31.5.25 These accounts have been prepared in accordance with the provisions applicable to companies subject to the medium-sized companies regime. 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REGISTERED NUMBER: 13367033 (England and Wales)













GROUP STRATEGIC REPORT,

REPORT OF THE DIRECTORS AND

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MAY 2025

FOR

SEDNA COMMUNICATIONS LTD

SEDNA COMMUNICATIONS LTD (REGISTERED NUMBER: 13367033)






CONTENTS OF THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
for the Year Ended 31 May 2025




Page

Company Information 1

Group Strategic Report 2

Report of the Directors 4

Report of the Independent Auditors 6

Consolidated Statement of Profit or Loss 10

Consolidated Statement of Profit or Loss and Other
Comprehensive Income

11

Consolidated Statement of Financial Position 12

Company Statement of Financial Position 14

Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity 16

Company Statement of Changes in Equity 17

Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows 18

Company Statement of Cash Flows 19

Notes to the Statements of Cash Flows 20

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 22


SEDNA COMMUNICATIONS LTD

COMPANY INFORMATION
for the Year Ended 31 May 2025







DIRECTORS: W F Dobie
R Liu-Doyle
P J Segall
R Atluri





REGISTERED OFFICE: 10 John Street
London
WC1N 2EB





REGISTERED NUMBER: 13367033 (England and Wales)





AUDITORS: Oury Clark Chartered Accountants
Statutory Auditors
Herschel House
58 Herschel Street
Slough
Berkshire
SL1 1PG

SEDNA COMMUNICATIONS LTD (REGISTERED NUMBER: 13367033)

GROUP STRATEGIC REPORT
for the Year Ended 31 May 2025

The directors present their strategic report of the company and the group for the year ended 31 May 2025.

Principal activities
The principal activity of the group is the provision of a cloud based communication platform for managing the information and communication requirements of customers with complex operations.

The group indirectly or directly acquired 100% of the voting rights of Think Compass IKE, Nordic IT, LLC, Sedna EMEA ApS and Nordic IT Asia Pte Ltd during the period.

The Group also conducts business through subsidiaries in the United Kingdom, Canada, Singapore, South Africa, Denmark, Greece and USA.

- Sedna Systems Europe Ltd - 10 John Street, London, England, WC1N 2EB
- Sedna Systems, Inc - Suite 200 2227 St. Johns Street Port Moody, BC Canada V3H 2A6
- Sedna Communications Asia-Pacific Pte Ltd- 531A Upper Cross Street #04-98 Singapore 051531
- Boxton Inc - 1037 Hornblend St, San Diego, CA, 92109-4129 United States
- Sedna Systems South Africa Proprietary Limited - Private Bag X60500, Houghton, Johannesburg, Gauteng, 2041, South Africa
- Think Compass IKE, Chatziantoniou 9-11, 15124, Maroussi, Greece
- Nordic IT, LLC, 1999 Bryan Street, Suite 900, Dallas, Texas, 75201, United States of America
- Sedna EMEA ApS, 26,1 Lottenborgvej Kongens Lyngby 2800, Denmark
- Nordic IT Asia Pte Ltd, 61 UBI Avenue 1 $06-07 UB Point, Singapore 408941

The activities were unchanged during the year and no significant changes to the principal business activities are expected in the forthcoming year.

REVIEW OF BUSINESS
Key performance indicators

Total revenue includes subscriptions to online software products and professional services which include implementation and consulting services. Revenue is an important measure of growth in the customer base and the success of sales and product development efforts. The Group experienced considerable growth during the year and grew revenue finishing the period with revenue of $16,888,969 (2024: $9,803,061).

The loss before income tax for the Group was $12,585,839 (2024: $15,834,938). This is after non-cash items related to share based payment charges of $1,220,928 (2024: $804,547), foreign exchange gains/ (losses) of $976,835 (2024:(562,951)) and depreciation and amortisation of $1,511,405 (2024: $662,979). Excluding these non-cash items the loss before tax was $8,971,069 (2024: $13,804,461).

The Group also monitors the average number of full time equivalent employees ("FTEs") as an important non-financial indicator. Monitoring trends in our FTEs count assists the Group in understanding its ability to attract and retain key talent and also provides insight into operating efficiency. During the year the average FTEs count was 82 (2024: 100) and year end FTEs count was 104 (2024: 85).


SEDNA COMMUNICATIONS LTD (REGISTERED NUMBER: 13367033)

GROUP STRATEGIC REPORT
for the Year Ended 31 May 2025

PRINCIPAL RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES
The directors consider that the principal risks faced by the Group are as follows:

- Data security and technology risk
The loss of confidential data or technology disruption caused by either internal or external factors could result in financial loss or reputational damage. The Group ensures ongoing vulnerability monitoring on a Group basis and completes annual technology audits, risk assessments and penetration testing to ensure the robustness of the Sedna platform.

- Commercial relationships
The Group is exposed to changes in relationships with both customers and suppliers. It is a key task of operational management to enhance relationships with customers and suppliers. The Group continues to make significant investments in our product and in our sales functions to ensure enhanced relationships with customers and suppliers.

- Liquidity risks
The Group's approach to managing liquidity is to ensure as far as possible that it will have sufficient liquidity to meet its liabilities as they fall due. Funding rounds have mitigated this risk, and the Group also continues to manage its liquidity risks through focus on cash management, cash preservation and through ensuring sufficient financing is available for current and planned expenditure.

ON BEHALF OF THE BOARD:





W F Dobie - Director


29 May 2026

SEDNA COMMUNICATIONS LTD (REGISTERED NUMBER: 13367033)

REPORT OF THE DIRECTORS
for the Year Ended 31 May 2025

The directors present their report with the financial statements of the company and the group for the year ended 31 May 2025.

DIVIDENDS
No dividends will be distributed for the year ended 31 May 2025.

DIRECTORS
The directors shown below have held office during the whole of the period from 1 June 2024 to the date of this report.

W F Dobie
R Liu-Doyle
P J Segall

Other changes in directors holding office are as follows:

R Atluri - appointed 13 January 2025

STATEMENT OF DIRECTORS' RESPONSIBILITIES
The directors are responsible for preparing the Group Strategic Report, the Report of the Directors and the financial statements in accordance with applicable law and regulations.

Company law requires the directors to prepare financial statements for each financial year. Under that law the directors have elected to prepare the financial statements in accordance with UK-adopted international accounting standards. Under company law the directors must not approve the financial statements unless they are satisfied that they give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the company and the group and of the profit or loss of the group for that period. In preparing these financial statements, the directors are required to:

- select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently;
- make judgements and accounting estimates that are reasonable and prudent;
- prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that the company will continue in business.

The directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that are sufficient to show and explain the company's and the group's transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the company and the group and enable them to ensure that the financial statements comply with the Companies Act 2006. They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the company and the group and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities.

STATEMENT AS TO DISCLOSURE OF INFORMATION TO AUDITORS
So far as the directors are aware, there is no relevant audit information (as defined by Section 418 of the Companies Act 2006) of which the group's auditors are unaware, and each director has taken all the steps that he or she ought to have taken as a director in order to make himself or herself aware of any relevant audit information and to establish that the group's auditors are aware of that information.

SEDNA COMMUNICATIONS LTD (REGISTERED NUMBER: 13367033)

REPORT OF THE DIRECTORS
for the Year Ended 31 May 2025


AUDITORS
The auditors, Oury Clark Chartered Accountants, are deemed to be re-appointed under Section 487 (2) of the Companies Act 2006.

ON BEHALF OF THE BOARD:





W F Dobie - Director


29 May 2026

REPORT OF THE INDEPENDENT AUDITORS TO THE MEMBERS OF
SEDNA COMMUNICATIONS LTD

Opinion
We have audited the financial statements of Sedna Communications Ltd (the 'parent company') and its subsidiaries (the 'group') for the year ended 31 May 2025 which comprise the Consolidated Statement of Profit or Loss, the Consolidated Statement of Profit or Loss and Other Comprehensive Income, the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position, the Company Statement of Financial Position, the Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity, the Company Statement of Changes in Equity, the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows, the Company Statement of Cash Flows, Notes to the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows, Notes to the Company Statement of Cash Flows and Notes to the Financial Statements, including a summary of significant accounting policies. The financial reporting framework that has been applied in their preparation is applicable law and International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs) as adopted by the UK.

In our opinion:
-the financial statements give a true and fair view of the state of the group's and of the parent company's affairs as at 31 May 2025 and of the group's loss for the year then ended;
-the group financial statements have been properly prepared in accordance with IFRSs as adopted by the UK;
-the parent company financial statements have been properly prepared in accordance with IFRSs as adopted by the UK and as applied in accordance with the provisions of the Companies Act 2006; and
-the financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006.

Basis for opinion
We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and applicable law. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditors' responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements section of our report. We are independent of the group in accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in the UK, including the FRC's Ethical Standard, and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.

Identifying and assessing potential irregularities, including fraud
In auditing the financial statements, we have concluded that the directors' use of the going concern basis of accounting in the preparation of the financial statements is appropriate.

Based on the work we have performed, we have not identified any material uncertainties relating to events or conditions that, individually or collectively, may cast significant doubt on the group's and the parent company's ability to continue as a going concern for a period of at least twelve months from when the financial statements are authorised for issue.

Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of the directors with respect to going concern are described in the relevant sections of this report.

Emphasis of matter
We draw attention to Note 2 in the financial statements, which describes the Group’s financing arrangements and management’s assessment of going concern, including ongoing discussions with a lender in respect of a new financing facility intended to replace existing borrowings.

As described in that note, the proposed financing is subject to a number of conditions, including the provision of audited financial statements, and had not been finalised at the date of approval of these financial statements. The directors have concluded that, based on their assessment, the Group has adequate resources to continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future.

Our opinion is not modified in respect of this matter.

REPORT OF THE INDEPENDENT AUDITORS TO THE MEMBERS OF
SEDNA COMMUNICATIONS LTD


Other information
The directors are responsible for the other information. The other information comprises the information in the Report of the Directors and the Group Strategic Report but does not include the financial statements and our Report of the Auditors thereon.

Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and, except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in our report, we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon.

In connection with our audit of the financial statements, our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the audit or otherwise appears to be misstated. If we identify such inconsistencies or apparent misstatements, we are required to determine whether this gives rise to a material misstatement in the financial statements themselves. If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact. We have nothing to report in this regard.

Opinions on other matters prescribed by the Companies Act 2006
In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of the audit:
- the information given in the Group Strategic Report and the Report of the Directors for the financial year for which the financial statements are prepared is consistent with the financial statements; and
- the Group Strategic Report and the Report of the Directors have been prepared in accordance with applicable legal requirements.

Matters on which we are required to report by exception
In light of the knowledge and understanding of the company and its environment obtained in the course of the audit, we have not identified any matters in the Group Strategic Report or the Report of the Directors that are inconsistent with our overall view of the financial statements.


Responsibilities of directors
As explained more fully in the Statement of Directors' Responsibilities set out on page four, the directors are responsible for the preparation of the financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair view, and for such internal control as the directors determine necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.

In preparing the financial statements, the directors are responsible for assessing the group's and the parent company's ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the directors either intend to liquidate the group or the parent company or to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so.

REPORT OF THE INDEPENDENT AUDITORS TO THE MEMBERS OF
SEDNA COMMUNICATIONS LTD


Auditors' responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue a Report of the Auditors that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements.

Irregularities, including fraud, are instances of non-compliance with laws and regulations. We design procedures in line with our responsibilities, outlined above, to detect material misstatements in respect of irregularities, including fraud. The extent to which our procedures are capable of detecting irregularities, including fraud is detailed below:

Identifying and assessing potential irregularities, including fraud
In identifying and assessing risks of material misstatement in respect of irregularities, including fraud and non-compliance with laws and regulations, our procedures included the following:

Considering the nature of the industry, sector, control environment and current business activities, including possible performance targets and subsequent remuneration.

Enquiring of management concerning policies and procedures relating to:
1. Complying with laws and regulations and whether there were any instances of non-compliance;
2. Mitigating, detecting and responding to fraud risk and whether there has been any actual or possible instances of fraud.

Discussing within the engagement team and component auditors regarding how and where fraud may occur in the financial statements along with the possible indicators of fraud. We identified the following areas most likely to be susceptible to fraud:
1. Management override;
2. Revenue recognition;

Discussing with the engagement team and component auditors the legal and regulatory framework in which the company operates and in particular those which would have an impact on the financial statements. The key laws and regulations considered were the Companies Act 2006, UK tax legislation and UK employment law, together with their equivalents within the operating territory of the subsidiary entity.

Audit response to the risks identified
As noted above, we identified management override and revenue recognition as the matters that would most likely be susceptible to fraud. Our procedures to respond to these risks included the following:

1. Reviewing all journals posted during the year and the nominal ledger and investigating large or unusual transactions;
2. Performing a detailed sales test of detail and cut off testing to ensure that revenue is recognised in the correct periods;

We also identified compliance with the Companies Act 2006, tax legislation and employment law as being key areas where there may be possible non-compliance. Our procedures to respond to these risks included the following:

1. Review the financial statement disclosures and testing to supporting documentation to assess compliance with the Companies Act 2006;
2. Review the corporation tax return to ensure it complies with UK tax legislation and completion of our detailed corporation tax checklist;
3. Safeguard review of the financial statements by a qualified accountant independent of the audit team;
4. For the UK audit, safeguard review of the corporation tax computations by a person qualified as a Chartered Tax Advisor or equivalent, independent of the audit team;
5. All teams have checked a sample of compliance with right to work checks and in the UK entities reviewed legal fees for indications of material issues arising out of non-compliance with employment law.


REPORT OF THE INDEPENDENT AUDITORS TO THE MEMBERS OF
SEDNA COMMUNICATIONS LTD

The above matters and identified laws and regulations and potential fraud risks were communicated to all engagement team members and component auditors, in order to enable the team to have the ability to identify such risks. The whole team remained alert to any indications of fraud or non-compliance with laws and regulations throughout the audit.

There are inherent limitations in the audit procedures described above and the risk of not detecting a material misstatement due to fraud is higher than the risk of not detecting one resulting from error, as fraud may involve deliberate concealment.

A further description of our responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements is located on the Financial Reporting Council's website at www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities. This description forms part of our Report of the Auditors.

Use of our report
This report is made solely to the company's members, as a body, in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of the Companies Act 2006. Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the company's members those matters we are required to state to them in a Report of the Auditors and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other than the company and the company's members as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we have formed.




Ian Phipps (Senior Statutory Auditor)
for and on behalf of Oury Clark Chartered Accountants
Statutory Auditors
Herschel House
58 Herschel Street
Slough
Berkshire
SL1 1PG

29 May 2026

SEDNA COMMUNICATIONS LTD (REGISTERED NUMBER: 13367033)

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF PROFIT OR LOSS
for the Year Ended 31 May 2025

31.5.25 31.5.24
Notes $    $   

CONTINUING OPERATIONS
Revenue 3 16,888,969 9,803,061

Other operating income 936,078 26,656
Administrative expenses (30,314,188 ) (25,547,879 )
OPERATING LOSS (12,489,141 ) (15,718,162 )

Finance costs 5 (192,508 ) (202,985 )

Finance income 5 95,810 86,209
LOSS BEFORE INCOME TAX 6 (12,585,839 ) (15,834,938 )

Income tax 7 (509,881 ) 33,683
LOSS FOR THE YEAR (13,095,720 ) (15,801,255 )
Loss attributable to:
Owners of the parent (13,095,720 ) (15,801,255 )

SEDNA COMMUNICATIONS LTD (REGISTERED NUMBER: 13367033)

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF PROFIT OR LOSS AND OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
for the Year Ended 31 May 2025

31.5.25 31.5.24
$    $   

LOSS FOR THE YEAR (13,095,720 ) (15,801,255 )

OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
Item that will not be reclassified to profit or loss:
Foreign exchange movements (151,820 ) (721,715 )
Income tax relating to item that will not be reclassified to
profit or loss

-

-
OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS FOR
THE YEAR, NET OF INCOME TAX

(151,820

)

(721,715

)
TOTAL COMPREHENSIVE LOSS FOR
THE YEAR

(13,247,540

)

(16,522,970

)

Total comprehensive loss attributable to:
Owners of the parent (13,247,540 ) (16,522,970 )

SEDNA COMMUNICATIONS LTD (REGISTERED NUMBER: 13367033)

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION
31 May 2025

31.5.25 31.5.24
Notes $    $   
ASSETS
NON-CURRENT ASSETS
Goodwill 9 10,271,011 489,048
Owned
Intangible assets 10 1,255,657 1,165,435
Property, plant and equipment 11 733,889 716,579
Right-of-use
Property, plant and equipment 11, 19 561,914 990,366
Investments 12 - -
Trade and other receivables 13 648,947 674,510
13,471,418 4,035,938
CURRENT ASSETS
Trade and other receivables 13 5,499,703 6,111,979
Cash and cash equivalents 14 6,000,873 9,288,835
11,500,576 15,400,814
TOTAL ASSETS 24,971,994 19,436,752
EQUITY
SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
Called up share capital 15 7,844 6,772
Share premium 16 82,621,825 68,733,498
Foreign exchange reserve 16 (2,450,031 ) (2,298,211 )
Share options reserve 16 5,016,782 3,795,854
Merger reserve 16 (3,877,724 ) (3,877,724 )
Retained earnings 16 (72,739,348 ) (59,643,628 )
TOTAL EQUITY 8,579,348 6,716,561

SEDNA COMMUNICATIONS LTD (REGISTERED NUMBER: 13367033)

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION - continued
31 May 2025

31.5.25 31.5.24
Notes $    $   
LIABILITIES
NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES
Contract liabilities 3 640,067 791,648
Financial liabilities - borrowings
Lease liabilities 18, 19 379,963 842,490
1,020,030 1,634,138
CURRENT LIABILITIES
Trade and other payables 17 3,002,326 5,356,914
Contract liabilities 3 10,428,601 5,426,190
Financial liabilities - borrowings
Lease liabilities 18, 19 1,413,506 302,949
Tax payable 528,183 -
15,372,616 11,086,053
TOTAL LIABILITIES 16,392,646 12,720,191
TOTAL EQUITY AND LIABILITIES 24,971,994 19,436,752


The financial statements were approved by the Board of Directors and authorised for issue on 29 May 2026 and were signed on its behalf by:





W F Dobie - Director


SEDNA COMMUNICATIONS LTD (REGISTERED NUMBER: 13367033)

COMPANY STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION
31 May 2025

31.5.25 31.5.24
Notes $    $   
ASSETS
NON-CURRENT ASSETS
Goodwill 9 33,487 33,307
Owned
Intangible assets 10 241,367 540,339
Property, plant and equipment 11 59,921 2,962
Right-of-use
Investments 12 15,685,364 4,802,093
16,020,139 5,378,701
CURRENT ASSETS
Trade and other receivables 13 76,158,790 34,958,879
Cash and cash equivalents 14 836,284 6,083,167
76,995,074 41,042,046
TOTAL ASSETS 93,015,213 46,420,747
EQUITY
SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
Called up share capital 15 7,844 6,772
Share premium 16 82,621,825 68,733,498
Foreign exchange reserve 16 (1,727,920 ) (1,727,920 )
Share options reserve 16 4,962,006 3,741,078
Retained earnings 16 (73,121,050 ) (62,391,843 )
TOTAL EQUITY 12,742,705 8,361,585
LIABILITIES
NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES
Contract liabilities 3 33,477 306,857
CURRENT LIABILITIES
Trade and other payables 17 75,923,642 33,105,768
Contract liabilities 3 3,547,629 4,646,537
Financial liabilities - borrowings
Lease liabilities 18, 19 767,760 -
80,239,031 37,752,305
TOTAL LIABILITIES 80,272,508 38,059,162
TOTAL EQUITY AND LIABILITIES 93,015,213 46,420,747


The financial statements were approved by the Board of Directors and authorised for issue on 29 May 2026 and were signed on its behalf by:


SEDNA COMMUNICATIONS LTD (REGISTERED NUMBER: 13367033)

COMPANY STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION - continued
31 May 2025





W F Dobie - Director


SEDNA COMMUNICATIONS LTD (REGISTERED NUMBER: 13367033)

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
for the Year Ended 31 May 2025

Called up
share Retained Share
capital earnings premium
$    $    $   
Balance at 1 June 2023 4,888 (43,842,373 ) 48,782,018

Changes in equity
Issue of share capital 1,884 - 19,951,480
Total comprehensive loss - (15,801,255 ) -
Balance at 31 May 2024 6,772 (59,643,628 ) 68,733,498

Changes in equity
Issue of share capital 1,072 - 13,888,327
Total comprehensive loss - (13,095,720 ) -
Balance at 31 May 2025 7,844 (72,739,348 ) 82,621,825
Foreign Share
exchange options Merger Total
reserve reserve reserve equity
$    $    $    $   
Balance at 1 June 2023 (1,540,705 ) 2,991,307 (3,877,724 ) 2,517,411

Changes in equity
Issue of share capital - - - 19,953,364
Total comprehensive loss (757,506 ) 804,547 - (15,754,214 )
Balance at 31 May 2024 (2,298,211 ) 3,795,854 (3,877,724 ) 6,716,561

Changes in equity
Issue of share capital - - - 13,889,399
Total comprehensive loss (151,820 ) 1,220,928 - (12,026,612 )
Balance at 31 May 2025 (2,450,031 ) 5,016,782 (3,877,724 ) 8,579,348

SEDNA COMMUNICATIONS LTD (REGISTERED NUMBER: 13367033)

COMPANY STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
for the Year Ended 31 May 2025

Called up
share Retained Share
capital earnings premium
$    $    $   
Balance at 1 June 2023 4,888 (46,040,686 ) 48,782,018

Changes in equity
Issue of share capital 1,884 - 19,951,480
Total comprehensive loss - (16,351,157 ) -
Balance at 31 May 2024 6,772 (62,391,843 ) 68,733,498

Changes in equity
Issue of share capital 1,072 - 13,888,327
Total comprehensive loss - (10,729,207 ) -
Balance at 31 May 2025 7,844 (73,121,050 ) 82,621,825
Foreign Share
Revaluation exchange options Total
reserve reserve reserve equity
$    $    $    $   
Balance at 1 June 2023 (33,649 ) (1,672,698 ) 2,980,570 4,020,443

Changes in equity
Issue of share capital - - - 19,953,364
Total comprehensive loss 33,649 (55,222 ) 760,508 (15,612,222 )
Balance at 31 May 2024 - (1,727,920 ) 3,741,078 8,361,585

Changes in equity
Issue of share capital - - - 13,889,399
Total comprehensive loss - - 1,220,928 (9,508,279 )
Balance at 31 May 2025 - (1,727,920 ) 4,962,006 12,742,705

SEDNA COMMUNICATIONS LTD (REGISTERED NUMBER: 13367033)

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
for the Year Ended 31 May 2025

31.5.25 31.5.24
$    $   
Cash flows from operating activities
Cash generated from operations 1 (7,713,498 ) (12,881,992 )
Interest paid (35,303 ) -
Lease interest paid (157,205 ) (202,985 )
Tax paid 18,302 33,683
Net cash from operating activities (7,887,704 ) (13,051,294 )

Cash flows from investing activities
Purchase of intangible fixed assets (62,414 ) -
Purchase of tangible fixed assets (244,417 ) (143,267 )
Sale of tangible fixed assets 24,518 379
Purchase of group companies (9,551,985 ) -
Interest received 95,810 86,209
Net cash from investing activities (9,738,488 ) (56,679 )

Cash flows from financing activities
New loans in year 767,760 -
Payment of lease liabilities (318,929 ) (351,261 )
Amount withdrawn by directors - (1,092,547 )
Share issue 13,889,399 19,953,364
Net cash from financing activities 14,338,230 18,509,556

(Decrease)/increase in cash and cash equivalents (3,287,962 ) 5,401,583
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of
year

2

9,288,835

3,887,252

Cash and cash equivalents at end of year 2 6,000,873 9,288,835

SEDNA COMMUNICATIONS LTD (REGISTERED NUMBER: 13367033)

COMPANY STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
for the Year Ended 31 May 2025

31.5.25 31.5.24
$    $   
Cash flows from operating activities
Cash generated from operations 1 (4,230,025 ) (15,045,609 )
Increase in intercompany indebtedness (639,157 ) (307,108 )
Net cash from operating activities (4,869,182 ) (15,352,717 )

Cash flows from investing activities
Purchase of goodwill (180 ) -
Purchase of intangible fixed assets (62,414 ) -
Purchase of tangible fixed assets (78,362 ) (1,987 )
Purchase of fixed asset investments (10,673,164 ) -
Interest and other finance costs paid (35,303 ) -
Interest received 47,184 83,375
Net cash from investing activities (10,802,239 ) 81,388

Cash flows from financing activities
Impairment of intercompany loans (3,464,861 ) -
Share issue 13,889,399 19,953,364
Net cash from financing activities 10,424,538 19,953,364

(Decrease)/increase in cash and cash equivalents (5,246,883 ) 4,682,035
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of
year

2

6,083,167

1,456,355
Effect of foreign exchange rate changes - (55,223 )
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year 2 836,284 6,083,167

SEDNA COMMUNICATIONS LTD (REGISTERED NUMBER: 13367033)

NOTES TO THE STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
for the Year Ended 31 May 2025

1. RECONCILIATION OF LOSS BEFORE INCOME TAX TO CASH GENERATED FROM OPERATIONS

Group
31.5.25 31.5.24
$    $   
Loss before income tax (12,585,839 ) (15,834,938 )
Depreciation charges 1,569,716 662,979
Loss on disposal of fixed assets 2,738 2,601
Share based payments 1,220,928 804,547
Foreign exchange reserve (151,820 ) (751,893 )
Doubtful debt impairments 1,191,357 -
Finance costs 192,508 202,985
Finance income (95,810 ) (86,209 )
(8,656,222 ) (14,999,928 )
Increase in trade and other receivables (553,518 ) (2,440,690 )
(Decrease)/increase in trade and other payables (3,354,588 ) 2,602,643
Increase in contract liabilities 4,850,830 1,955,983
Cash generated from operations (7,713,498 ) (12,881,992 )

Company
31.5.25 31.5.24
$    $   
Loss before income tax (10,729,207 ) (16,351,157 )
Depreciation charges 379,305 3,930
Loss on disposal of fixed assets 3,390 -
Impairment of investment in subsidiary 1,010,994 -
Impairment of intercompany loan 3,464,861 -
Finance costs 35,303 -
Finance income (47,184 ) (83,375 )
(5,882,538 ) (16,430,602 )
Decrease/(increase) in trade and other receivables 2,113,103 (1,579,735 )
Increase in trade and other payables 911,698 244,097
(Decrease)/increase in contract liabilities (1,372,288 ) 2,720,631
Cash generated from operations (4,230,025 ) (15,045,609 )

SEDNA COMMUNICATIONS LTD (REGISTERED NUMBER: 13367033)

NOTES TO THE STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
for the Year Ended 31 May 2025

2. CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

The amounts disclosed on the Statements of Cash Flows in respect of cash and cash equivalents are in respect of these Statement of Financial Position amounts:

Group Company
Year ended 31 May 2025
31.5.25 1.6.24 31.5.25 1.6.24
$    $    $    $   
Cash and cash equivalents 6,000,873 9,288,835 836,284 6,083,167
Year ended 31 May 2024
31.5.24 1.6.23 31.5.24 1.6.23
$    $    $    $   
Cash and cash equivalents 9,288,835 3,887,252 6,083,167 1,456,355

SEDNA COMMUNICATIONS LTD (REGISTERED NUMBER: 13367033)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
for the Year Ended 31 May 2025


1. STATUTORY INFORMATION

Sedna Communications Ltd (the 'Company') is a private company, limited by shares, registered in England and Wales. The Company's registered number and registered office address can be found on the Company Information page. The Company's trading address during the year is 65 Buckingham Gate, London, SW1E 6AS.

2. ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of preparation
These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with UK-adopted international accounting standards and with those parts of the Companies Act 2006 applicable to companies reporting under IFRS. The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention.

Going concern
The financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis.

The Group has incurred losses in the current and prior years and has net current liabilities at 31 May 2025. The Group’s forecasts indicate that additional funding will be required to enable it to meet its liabilities as they fall due for a period in excess of twelve months from the date of approval of these financial statements.

The Group’s ability to continue as a going concern is dependent on securing a new financing arrangement to replace its existing facilities. However, completion of this financing is subject to conditions including the provision of audited financial statements and final lender approval. At the date of approval of these financial statements, the refinancing has not been finalised.

Nevertheless, the directors consider it appropriate to adopt the going concern basis of preparation in preparing the financial statements. The financial statements do not include any adjustments that would result if the Group were unable to continue as a going concern.

Basis of consolidation
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the company and those of it subsidiaries, all of which are prepared to the 31 May 2025.

The subsidiary companies, based in overseas jurisdictions, do not require an audit under their respective home legislation.

The consolidated financial statements do not include any revenue or expenses derived from inter-company trading. In addition, all inter-company indebtedness has been eliminated.

The functional currencies of the Group’s entities are the currencies of the countries in which the entities are incorporated, except for Sedna Communications Limited, whose functional currency is USD. The consolidated financial accounts are reported in United States of America dollars.

SEDNA COMMUNICATIONS LTD (REGISTERED NUMBER: 13367033)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
for the Year Ended 31 May 2025

2. ACCOUNTING POLICIES - continued

Critical accounting judgements and key sources of estimation uncertainty
The preparation of the financial statements requires management to make judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported. These estimates and judgements are continually reviewed and are based on experience and other factors, including expectations of future events that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances.

Key sources of estimation uncertainty
Accounting estimates and assumptions are made concerning the future and, by their nature, will rarely equal the related actual outcome. The key assumptions and other sources of estimation uncertainty that have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year are as follows:

As described in the accounting policies of the financial statements, depreciation of tangible assets has been based on estimated useful lives and residual values deemed appropriate by the directors. Estimated useful lives and residual values are reviewed annually and revised as appropriate. Revisions take into account actual asset lives and residual values as evidenced by disposals during current and prior accounting periods.

Intangible assets, including software recognised on acquisition of subsidiaries, are amortised over their estimated useful economic lives. Management has determined an amortisation period of five years for acquired software, reflecting the expected period over which the assets will generate economic benefits, taking into account the pace of technological change, product obsolescence risk and the Group’s product development roadmap. Changes in this estimate could have a material effect on the Group’s results.

The Group capitalises incremental costs of obtaining customer contracts, primarily sales commissions, and amortises these costs over three years, being the expected period over which the associated economic benefits are realised. This judgement is based on expected customer life, renewal patterns and historical customer retention data. Changes in these assumptions may result in a material adjustment to the carrying value of these assets.

Goodwill and acquired intangible assets are reviewed for impairment where indicators exist (and goodwill at least annually). The impairment assessment requires significant judgement and estimation, including assumptions regarding future revenue growth, operating margins and discount rates. Given the Group’s recent acquisitions and ongoing losses, there is an inherent risk that actual outcomes may differ from these assumptions, which could result in a material impairment charge.

The directors have exercised judgement in assessing the Group’s ability to continue as a going concern, including consideration of forecast cash flows, available funding and planned cost reduction measures. As disclosed in the Going concern section and Events after the reporting period note, this assessment includes consideration of post-year-end actions such as the review of the Group’s cost base, extension of existing financing arrangements and recent acquisition activity. Changes in underlying assumptions could impact the Group’s ability to realise its assets and discharge its liabilities in the normal course of business.

Management also use their judgement in relation to the interest rate implicit in the IFRS16 lease liability.

SEDNA COMMUNICATIONS LTD (REGISTERED NUMBER: 13367033)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
for the Year Ended 31 May 2025

2. ACCOUNTING POLICIES - continued

Revenue recognition
REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS WITH CUSTOMERS
The Company provides a cloud-based communication platform for the maritime and shipping industries. Revenue is primarily derived from contracts that encompass subscriptions to the Company's online software products and professional services including implementation and consulting. Customers do not have the right to take possession of the online software products.

The Company recognises revenue from contracts with customers using a five-step model, which is described below:

-identify the contract with a customer;
-identify the performance obligations in the contract;
-determination of the transaction price;
-allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations identified in the contract; and
-recognise revenue when (or as) performance obligations are satisfied.

Identify the contract with a customer
A customer contract is identified when the Company and a customer have executed an agreement or online acceptance that requires the Company to grant access to its online software products and provide professional services in exchange for consideration from the customer.

A signed customer order form is generally regarded as a contract with a customer.

Identify the performance obligations in a contract
A performance obligation is a promise to provide a distinct service or a series of distinct services. A service that is promised to a customer is distinct if the customer can benefit from the service either on its own or together with other readily available resources, and the company's promise to transfer the service to the customer is separately identifiable from other promises in the contract.

The main subscription-based services provided to customers are:

-Sedna Email
The provision of the cloud-based communication platform, Sedna Email, is the main revenue source for the Company. Customers generally enter into a contract for a specific number of seat subscriptions. Additional services not considered as distinct from Sedna Email include implementation, data storage and technical support. Management have determined that a typical contract only to provide said services contains one combined performance obligation.

-Sedna Pre-fixture
The provision of an AI-driven subscription-based service that consolidates various data sources into a unified actionable data view. Management have determined that the provision of Sedna Pre-fixture is distinct from Sedna Email, therefore contracts that include both Sedna Email and Sedna Pre-fixture have multiple performance obligations.

-Sedna Automations
The provision of a subscription-based service that integrates various data sources to build and streamline workflows. Management have assessed that the provision of Sedna Automations is distinct from Sedna Email, therefore contracts that include both Sedna Email and Sedna Automations have multiple performance obligations.

-Other professional services
The provision of services assessed by management as being distinct from Sedna Email, Sedna Pre-fixture and Sedna Automations if the customer can benefit from the service without any of the subscription-based services.


SEDNA COMMUNICATIONS LTD (REGISTERED NUMBER: 13367033)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
for the Year Ended 31 May 2025

2. ACCOUNTING POLICIES - continued
Determination of the transaction price
The transaction price is the amount of consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for providing services to a customer. Generally, the total transaction price is the amount stated on the signed order form.

The Company estimates any variable consideration it will be entitled to at contract inception and will reassess as circumstances change, when determining the transaction price. The Company does not include variable consideration to the extent that it is probable that a significant reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognised will occur when any uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is resolved. Therefore, the Company does not recognise revenue for Sedna Email seat overages at contract inception, as it is not possible to determine with certainty the amount of overages a customer will utilize. Accrued income is accounted for in the financial statements where a customer has utilised overages which have not been invoiced for by the balance sheet date.

Allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations identified in the contract
If the contract contains a single performance obligation, the Company allocates the entire transaction price to the single performance obligation. For contracts containing multiple performance obligations, the transaction price is allocated to each performance obligation based on the relative standalone selling price ("SSP") of the services provided to the customer. Given the highly variable nature of the Company's subscription-based services, management have assessed that the SSPs are taken to be the amounts stated on the signed order forms as this is a faithful representation of the amount the Company can expect to receive for satisfying a specific performance obligation.

Recognise revenue when (or as) performance obligations are satisfied
Revenues are recognised as and when the Company satisfies its contractual performance obligations. Revenues for subscription-based services are recognised evenly over the subscription period beginning on the later of the date the Group's software products are made available to customers or the subscription start date stated in the contract.

The Company recognises revenue from other professional services as the services are provided where they are distinct from the subscription arrangement.

-Contract liabilities
Invoices are generally raised in advance of the contract commencement date for no longer than 1 year of services, with 1 month payment terms. The invoices are initially recorded as contract liabilities that are then recognised as revenue as the performance obligations are satisfied.

The Company has elected to use the practical expedient available under IFRS 15, which allows entities to disregard the effects of a significant financing component if the period between the transfer of goods or services and payment is one year or less.

The Group does not offer an option to purchase a warranty. However, it does offer an assurance-type warranty that provides guarantee of the quality. Assurance-type warranties do not result in a change to current practice for the recognition of revenue.

SEDNA COMMUNICATIONS LTD (REGISTERED NUMBER: 13367033)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
for the Year Ended 31 May 2025

2. ACCOUNTING POLICIES - continued

Summary of significant accounting policies
Current versus non-current classification
The Company presents assets and liabilities in the statement of financial position based on current/non-current classification. An asset is current when it is:

- Expected to be realised or intended to be sold or consumed in the normal operating cycle
- Held primarily for the purpose of trading
- Expected to be realised within 12 months after the reporting period, or
- Cash or cash equivalent unless restricted from being exchanged or used to settle a liability for at least
twelve months after the reporting period

All other assets are classified as non-current.

A liability is current when it is:

- Expected to be settled in the normal operating cycle
- Held primarily for the purpose of trading
- Due to be settled within 12 months after the reporting period, or
- There is no unconditional right to defer the settlement of the liability for at least twelve months after the
reporting period

The Company classifies all other liabilities as non-current.

The directors have classified those interest-bearing loans and borrowings as non-current at 31 May 2025 where the directors do not believe the Company will be required to make any repayments within 12 months.

Cash and cash equivalents
Cash represents cash in hand and deposits held on demand with financial institutions. Cash equivalents are short-term, highly-liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less (as at their date of acquisition). Cash equivalents are readily convertible to known amounts of cash and subject to an insignificant risk of change in that cash value.

In the presentation of the Statement of Cash Flows, cash and cash equivalents also include bank overdrafts. Any such overdrafts are shown within borrowings under ‘current liabilities’ on the Statement of Financial Position.

Trade and other receivables
A receivable represents the Company's right to an amount of consideration that is unconditional (i.e. only the passage of time is required before payment of the consideration is due).

The Company's financial assets at amortised cost includes trade receivables and loans to employees.

Capitalised contract acquisition costs
The incremental direct costs of obtaining a contract, which primarily consist of sales commissions paid for new subscription contracts, are deferred and amortised on a straight-line basis over a period of three years. Sales commissions are paid on initial contracts with new customers and for expansion of contracts with existing customers. Commissions are not paid on customer renewals. Where other commissions are paid that are not directly attributable to the acquisition of a customer contract, these commissions are expensed as incurred.

The Group determined the three-year period by taking into consideration the products sold, expected customer life, expected contract renewals, technology life cycle and other factors.


SEDNA COMMUNICATIONS LTD (REGISTERED NUMBER: 13367033)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
for the Year Ended 31 May 2025

2. ACCOUNTING POLICIES - continued

Trade and other payables
Trade and other payables are carried at amortised cost and, due to their short-term nature, they are not discounted. They represent liabilities for goods and services provided to the Company prior to the end of the financial year that are unpaid and arise when the Company becomes obliged to make future payments in respect of the purchase of these goods and services. The amounts are unsecured and are usually paid within 30 days of recognition.

Goodwill
Goodwill arising on an acquisition of a business is carried at cost less accumulated impairment losses, if any. For the purposes of impairment testing, goodwill is allocated to the cash-generating units that are expected to benefit from the synergies of the combination.

A cash-generating unit to which goodwill has been allocated is tested for impairment annually. If the recoverable amount of the cash-generating unit is less than its carrying amount, the impairment loss is recognised. Any impairment loss is recognised as an expense in the profit or loss. An impairment loss recognised for goodwill is not reversed in subsequent periods. On the disposal of a business, the attributable amount of goodwill is included in the determination of the profit or loss on disposal.

Intangible assets
Intangible assets are reviewed annually by the directors for indications of impairment. Where an impairment is identified, the asset is written down to its recoverable amount, with the resulting charge recognised in the Statement of Profit or Loss in the year in which the impairment arises.

Goodwill is deemed to have an indefinite useful life, as there is no foreseeable period over which it is expected to generate cash flows, and is therefore not amortised but tested annually for impairment.

Other intangible assets are amortised over their estimated useful lives. Computer software is amortised on a straight-line basis over five years.

Property, plant and equipment
Fixed assets are initially measured at cost and are reviewed annually for signs of impairment. Depreciation is provided at the following annual rates in order to write off each asset over its estimated useful life or, if held under a finance lease, over the lease term, whichever is shorter.


Short leasehold- over remaining term of lease
Improvements to property- over remaining term of lease
Fixtures and fittings- Straight line over 3 years
Computer equipment- Straight line over 3 years

SEDNA COMMUNICATIONS LTD (REGISTERED NUMBER: 13367033)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
for the Year Ended 31 May 2025

2. ACCOUNTING POLICIES - continued

Financial instruments
Financial instruments are recognised in the group's balance sheet when the group becomes party to the contractual provisions of the instrument.

Financial assets and liabilities are offset, with the net amounts presented in the financial statements, when there is a legally enforceable right to set off the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis or to realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.

Basic financial assets
Basic financial assets, which include debtors, cash and bank balances, are initially measured at transaction price, and are substantially carried at amortised cost using the effective interest method. Unless the arrangement constitutes a financing transaction, where the transaction is measured at the present value of the future receipts discounted at a market rate of interest. Financial assets classified as receivable within one year are not amortised.

Basic financial liabilities
Basic financial liabilities, including creditors and bank loans, are initially recognised at transaction price. Unless the arrangement constitutes a financing transaction, where the debt instrument is measured at the present value of the future receipts discounted at a market rate of interest. Financial liabilities classified as payable within one year are not amortised.

Debt instruments are subsequently carried at amortised cost, using the effective interest method.

Taxation
Current taxes are based on the results shown in the financial statements and are calculated according to local tax rules, using tax rates enacted or substantially enacted by the statement of financial position date.

Deferred tax is recognised in respect of all timing differences that have originated but not reversed at the statement of financial position date.

Unrelieved tax losses and other deferred tax assets are recognised only to the extent that it is probable that they will not be recovered against the reversal of deferred tax liabilities or other future taxable profits.

Research and development
Expenditure on research and development is expensed in the year in which it is incurred.

SEDNA COMMUNICATIONS LTD (REGISTERED NUMBER: 13367033)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
for the Year Ended 31 May 2025

2. ACCOUNTING POLICIES - continued

Foreign currencies
Each entity within the Group determines its own functional currency. The functional currency of the parent company is USD. The consolidated financial statements are presented in USD, being the currency in which the Group’s revenues are primarily denominated.

When the Group translates the financial statements of subsidiaries with a functional currency different from the presentation currency (USD), exchange differences arise due to the use of different exchange rates for the income statement and the balance sheet. Income and expenses are translated at average exchange rates for the period, while assets and liabilities are translated at the closing rate at the reporting date. As a result, a translation difference emerges, reflecting movements in exchange rates over the period. This difference does not represent realised gains or losses and is therefore recognised in other comprehensive income (OCI) and accumulated in the foreign currency translation reserve within equity.

The financial statements comply with IFRS as they comply with all requirements of the translation method as set out in IAS 21.

Transactions in foreign currencies are initially recorded by the Group at its respective functional currency spot rate at the date the transaction first qualifies for recognition.

Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated at the functional currency spot rate of exchange at the reporting date. Differences arising on settlement of monetary items are recognised in profit or loss.

In determining the spot exchange rate to use on initial recognition of the related asset, expense or income (or part of it) on the derecognition of a non-monetary asset or non-monetary liability relating to advance consideration, the date of the transaction is the date on which the Group initially recognises the non-monetary asset or non-monetary liability arising from the advance consideration. If there are multiple payments or receipts in advance, the Group determines the transaction date for each payment or receipt of advance consideration.

Non-monetary items that are measured in terms of historical cost in a foreign currency are translated using the exchange rates at the dates of the initial transactions. Non-monetary items measured at fair value in a foreign currency are translated using the exchange rates at the date when the fair value is determined.

Leases
Leases are recognised as finance leases. The lease liability is initially recognised at the present value of the lease payments which have not yet been made and subsequently measured under the amortised cost method. The initial cost of the right-of-use asset comprises the amount of the initial measurement of the lease liability, lease payments made prior to the lease commencement date, initial direct costs and the estimated costs of removing or dismantling the underlying asset per the conditions of the contract.

Where ownership of the right-of-use asset transfers to the lessee at the end of the lease term, the right-of-use asset is depreciated over the asset’s remaining useful life. If ownership of the right-of-use asset does not transfer to the lessee at the end of the lease term, depreciation is charged over the shorter of the useful life of the right-of-use asset and the lease term.

The group applies the short-term lease recognition exemption to its short-term leases (ie. lease term of less than 12 months). Lease payments on such leases are recognised as an expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

In determining the present value of the lease liability, the Group applies an appropriate incremental borrowing rate. A rate of 15% has been used, based on the Group’s incremental borrowing rate. No new leases were entered into during the period. Leases recognised reflect existing arrangements in subsidiaries prior to acquisition, together with leases recognised on business combinations and accounted for from their respective acquisition dates.

SEDNA COMMUNICATIONS LTD (REGISTERED NUMBER: 13367033)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
for the Year Ended 31 May 2025

2. ACCOUNTING POLICIES - continued

Employee benefit costs
The group operates a defined contribution pension scheme. Contributions payable to the group's pension scheme are charged to the income statement in the period to which they relate.

Share-based payments
Equity-settled transactions are awards of shares, or options over shares, that are provided to employees in exchange for the rendering of services.

The cost of equity-settled transactions is measured at fair value on grant date. Fair value is independently determined using the Black-Scholes option pricing model that takes into account the exercise price, the term of the option, the impact of dilution, the share price at grant date and expected price volatility of the underlying share, the expected dividend yield and the risk free interest rate for the term of the option, together with non-vesting conditions that do not determine whether the Group receives the services that entitle the employees to receive payment. No account is taken of any other vesting conditions.

The cost of equity-settled transactions is recognised as an expense with a corresponding increase in equity over the vesting period. The cumulative charge to profit or loss is calculated based on the grant date fair value of the award, the best estimate of the number of awards that are likely to vest and the expired portion of the vesting period. The amount recognised in profit or loss for the period is the cumulative amount calculated at each reporting date less amounts already recognised in previous periods.

Cash flow
The cash flow statement is prepared on the indirect basis.

Investments
Investments in group undertakings are held at cost. Annual reviews are performed to ascertain whether an impairment is required. Where consideration is contingent on future performance, such consideration is taken at fair value.

3. REVENUE

Revenue from contracts with customers
The total revenue from contracts with customers is required to be disaggregated into categories which depict the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue. Please see note 2 which includes detailed descriptions on the type and nature of services the group provides.

A breakdown of revenue by geographical market for the year ended 31 May 2025 is given below:

31.5.25 31.5.24

$    $   
Europe 10,316,210 5,408,656
Asia 2,881,735 2,348,572
North America 2,869,213 1,666,272
South America 175,171 82,150
Africa 93,160 54,669
Australia 553,480 242,742
16,888,969 9,803,061

SEDNA COMMUNICATIONS LTD (REGISTERED NUMBER: 13367033)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
for the Year Ended 31 May 2025

3. REVENUE - continued

Contract balances
31.5.25 31.5.24
$    $   
Contract liabilities

Current
Contract liabilities 10,428,601 5,426,190
Non-current
Contract liabilities 640,067 791,648
11,068,668 6,217,838

The Group recognised liabilities of $11,068,668 (2024: $6,217,838) in relation to contracts with customers, with $3,581,106 (2024: $4,953,394) being recognised in Sedna Communications Ltd. These represent invoices issued to/payments received from customers in advance of the delivery of services.

4. EMPLOYEES AND DIRECTORS
31.5.25 31.5.24
$    $   
Wages and salaries 12,417,382 13,264,950
Social security costs 1,215,997 1,347,021
Other pension costs 246,940 113,661
13,880,319 14,725,632

The average number of employees during the year was as follows:
31.5.25 31.5.24

Support 21 16
Sales and marketing 18 38
Research and development 27 38
General and administrative 16 8
82 100

During the year retirement benefits were accruing to 1 director (2024: 1) in respect of defined contribution pension schemes.

The highest paid director received remuneration of $289,540 (2024: $283,157).

The value of the company's contributions paid to a defined contribution pension scheme in respect of the highest paid director amounted to $9,153 (2024: $1,662).

No directors exercised share options in the current or prior year and no directors received shares in respect of their services in the current or prior year under long term incentive schemes.

SEDNA COMMUNICATIONS LTD (REGISTERED NUMBER: 13367033)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
for the Year Ended 31 May 2025

5. NET FINANCE COSTS
31.5.25 31.5.24
$    $   
Finance income:
Interest received 95,810 86,209
Finance costs:
Interest payable 35,303 -
Leasing 157,205 202,985
192,508 202,985

Net finance costs 96,698 116,776

6. LOSS BEFORE INCOME TAX

The loss before income tax is stated after charging/(crediting):
31.5.25 31.5.24
$    $   
Depreciation - owned assets 399,050 305,472
Depreciation - assets on hire purchase contracts or finance leases 428,452 363,120
Loss on disposal of fixed assets 2,738 2,601
Computer software amortisation 742,214 -
Auditors' remuneration 168,669 211,322
Other non- audit services 30,206 23,719
Foreign exchange differences (976,835 ) 562,951

7. INCOME TAX

Analysis of tax expense/(income)
31.5.25 31.5.24
$    $   
Current tax:
Tax 509,881 (33,683 )
Total tax expense/(income) in consolidated statement of profit or loss 509,881 (33,683 )

SEDNA COMMUNICATIONS LTD (REGISTERED NUMBER: 13367033)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
for the Year Ended 31 May 2025

7. INCOME TAX - continued

Factors affecting the tax expense
The tax assessed for the year is higher than the standard rate of corporation tax in the UK. The difference is explained below:

31.5.25 31.5.24
$    $   
Loss before income tax (12,585,839 ) (15,834,938 )
Loss multiplied by the standard rate of corporation tax in the UK of 25 %
(2024 - 25 %)

(3,146,460

)

(3,958,735

)

Effects of:
Expenses not eligible for relief 304,516 842,600

Difference between depreciation and capital allowances 59,451 124,831
Share based payments 375,061 273,500
Tax on loans to participators 509,881 -
Losses utilised (55,334 ) (5,856 )
Losses carried forwards 2,462,766 2,723,660
Over-provision income taxes - (33,683 )
Tax expense/(income) 509,881 (33,683 )

8. LOSS OF PARENT COMPANY

As permitted by Section 408 of the Companies Act 2006, the income statement of the parent company is not presented as part of these financial statements. The parent company's loss for the financial year was $(10,729,207) (2024 - $(16,351,157)).


9. GOODWILL

Group
$   
COST
At 1 June 2024 489,048
Additions 9,781,963
At 31 May 2025 10,271,011
NET BOOK VALUE
At 31 May 2025 10,271,011
At 31 May 2024 489,048

SEDNA COMMUNICATIONS LTD (REGISTERED NUMBER: 13367033)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
for the Year Ended 31 May 2025

9. GOODWILL - continued

Group

Goodwill is tested annually for impairment, or more frequently where indicators arise, in accordance with IAS 36. For the purposes of impairment testing, goodwill has been allocated to the Group’s platform cash-generating unit (CGU), which reflects the integrated SaaS platform through which the Group delivers its services. This is consistent with management’s strategy to migrate acquired customers onto the Group platform, such that cash inflows are not generated independently at an individual entity level.

The recoverable amount of the CGU has been determined using a value in use model, based on cash flow projections from approved forecasts over a four-year period and a terminal value thereafter. Key assumptions include a pre-tax discount rate of 11.45% and a terminal growth rate of 2%. The resulting recoverable amount exceeds the carrying value of goodwill, and accordingly no impairment has been recognised.

The valuation is sensitive to changes in key assumptions, particularly the discount rate and long-term cash flows, as a substantial proportion of the recoverable amount is derived from terminal value. Sensitivity analysis indicates that the recoverable amount remains in excess of the carrying value under reasonably possible changes in assumptions; however, adverse movements may reduce headroom in future periods.

Company
$   
COST
At 1 June 2024 33,307
Additions 180
At 31 May 2025 33,487
NET BOOK VALUE
At 31 May 2025 33,487
At 31 May 2024 33,307

SEDNA COMMUNICATIONS LTD (REGISTERED NUMBER: 13367033)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
for the Year Ended 31 May 2025

10. INTANGIBLE ASSETS

Group
Patents
and Computer
licences software Totals
$    $    $   
COST
At 1 June 2024 18,210 1,147,225 1,165,435
Additions 62 832,374 832,436
At 31 May 2025 18,272 1,979,599 1,997,871
AMORTISATION
Amortisation for year - 742,214 742,214
At 31 May 2025 - 742,214 742,214
NET BOOK VALUE
At 31 May 2025 18,272 1,237,385 1,255,657
At 31 May 2024 18,210 1,147,225 1,165,435

Directors had intangibles valued at the period end to see if impairment is required. No impairment was deemed necessary.

Company
Patents
and Computer
licences software Totals
$    $    $   
COST
At 1 June 2024 11,446 528,893 540,339
Additions 62 62,352 62,414
At 31 May 2025 11,508 591,245 602,753
AMORTISATION
Amortisation for year - 361,386 361,386
At 31 May 2025 - 361,386 361,386
NET BOOK VALUE
At 31 May 2025 11,508 229,859 241,367
At 31 May 2024 11,446 528,893 540,339

SEDNA COMMUNICATIONS LTD (REGISTERED NUMBER: 13367033)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
for the Year Ended 31 May 2025

11. PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

Group
Improvements
Short to Plant and
leasehold property machinery
$    $    $   
COST
At 1 June 2024 2,134,721 990,426 -
Additions 199,199 14,525 67,295
Disposals (197,607 ) - -
At 31 May 2025 2,136,313 1,004,951 67,295
DEPRECIATION
At 1 June 2024 1,144,355 432,390 -
Charge for year 428,452 237,913 64,657
Eliminated on disposal (197,607 ) - -
At 31 May 2025 1,375,200 670,303 64,657
NET BOOK VALUE
At 31 May 2025 761,113 334,648 2,638
At 31 May 2024 990,366 558,036 -

Fixtures
and Motor Computer
fittings vehicles equipment Totals
$    $    $    $   
COST
At 1 June 2024 44,253 - 390,860 3,560,260
Additions 1 27,748 134,848 443,616
Disposals - - (179,232 ) (376,839 )
At 31 May 2025 44,254 27,748 346,476 3,627,037
DEPRECIATION
At 1 June 2024 27,650 - 248,920 1,853,315
Charge for year 9,112 - 87,368 827,502
Eliminated on disposal - - (151,976 ) (349,583 )
At 31 May 2025 36,762 - 184,312 2,331,234
NET BOOK VALUE
At 31 May 2025 7,492 27,748 162,164 1,295,803
At 31 May 2024 16,603 - 141,940 1,706,945

Directors reviewed the register for any capital assets which were no longer in use. No such assets were identified.

SEDNA COMMUNICATIONS LTD (REGISTERED NUMBER: 13367033)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
for the Year Ended 31 May 2025

11. PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT - continued

Company
Computer
equipment
$   
COST
At 1 June 2024 7,866
Additions 78,362
Disposals (9,771 )
At 31 May 2025 76,457
DEPRECIATION
At 1 June 2024 4,904
Charge for year 18,013
Eliminated on disposal (6,381 )
At 31 May 2025 16,536
NET BOOK VALUE
At 31 May 2025 59,921
At 31 May 2024 2,962

12. INVESTMENTS

Company
Shares in
group
undertakings
$   
COST
At 1 June 2024 4,802,093
Additions 11,894,265
Impairments (1,010,994 )
At 31 May 2025 15,685,364
NET BOOK VALUE
At 31 May 2025 15,685,364
At 31 May 2024 4,802,093

SEDNA COMMUNICATIONS LTD (REGISTERED NUMBER: 13367033)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
for the Year Ended 31 May 2025

12. INVESTMENTS - continued

Company

The group or the company's investments at the Statement of Financial Position date in the share capital of companies include the following:

Subsidiaries

Sedna Systems Europe Ltd
Registered office: 10 John Street, London, England, WC1N 2EB
Nature of business: Shipping software
%
Class of shares: holding
Ordinary 100.00
31.5.25 31.5.24
$    $   
Aggregate capital and reserves (18,623,740 ) (15,055,590 )
Loss for the year (5,024,364 ) (6,336,762 )

Boxton Inc
Registered office: 1037 Hornblend St, San Diego, CA, 92109-4129 United States
Nature of business: Shipping software
%
Class of shares: holding
Ordinary 100.00
31.5.25 31.5.24
$    $   
Aggregate capital and reserves 60,145 45,791
Profit for the year 14,354 57,110

Sedna Systems Inc
Registered office: Suite 200, 2227 St. Johns Street, Port Moody, BC Canada, V3H 2A6
Nature of business: Shipping software
%
Class of shares: holding
Ordinary 100.00
31.5.25 31.5.24
$    $   
Aggregate capital and reserves (3,976,891 ) (3,739,319 )
Loss for the year (1,047,854 ) (1,238,561 )

SEDNA COMMUNICATIONS LTD (REGISTERED NUMBER: 13367033)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
for the Year Ended 31 May 2025

12. INVESTMENTS - continued

Company

Sedna Communications Asia Pacific Pte Ltd
Registered office: 531A Upper Cross Street 04-98 Singapore, 051531
Nature of business: Shipping software
%
Class of shares: holding
Ordinary 100.00
31.5.25 31.5.24
$    $   
Aggregate capital and reserves (3,098,236 ) (2,992,060 )
Profit/(loss) for the year 34,255 (1,075,704 )

Sedna Systems South Africa Limited
Registered office: Wanderers Office Park, 52 Corlett Drive, Illovo, Gauteng, 2196, South Africa
Nature of business: Shipping software
%
Class of shares: holding
Ordinary 100.00
31.5.25
$   
Aggregate capital and reserves (103,047 )
Loss for the year (103,047 )

Nordic IT, LLC
Registered office: 1999 Bryan Street, Suite 900, Dallas, Texas, 75201, United States of America
Nature of business: Shipping software
%
Class of shares: holding
Ordinary 100.00
31.5.25
$   
Aggregate capital and reserves 3,733,045
Profit for the year 170,265

Sedna EMEA ApS
Registered office: 26,1 Lottenborgvej Kongens Lyngby 2800, Denmark
Nature of business: Shipping software
%
Class of shares: holding
Ordinary 100.00
31.5.25
$   
Aggregate capital and reserves (2,652,941 )
Loss for the year (600,063 )

SEDNA COMMUNICATIONS LTD (REGISTERED NUMBER: 13367033)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
for the Year Ended 31 May 2025

12. INVESTMENTS - continued

Company

Nordic IT Asia Pte Ltd
Registered office: 61 UBI Avenue 1 $06-07 UB Point, Singapore 408941
Nature of business: Shipping software
%
Class of shares: holding
Ordinary 100.00
31.5.25
$   
Aggregate capital and reserves (354,349 )
Profit for the year 169,728

Think Compass IKE
Registered office: Chatziantoniou 9-11, 15124, Maroussi, Greece
Nature of business: Shipping software
%
Class of shares: holding
Ordinary 100.00
31.5.25
$   
Aggregate capital and reserves 85,197
Loss for the year (10,341 )

13. TRADE AND OTHER RECEIVABLES

Group Company
31.5.25 31.5.24 31.5.25 31.5.24
$    $    $    $   
Current:
Trade debtors 3,272,029 2,579,856 451,853 2,115,719
Amounts owed by group undertakings - - 74,788,729 31,506,672
Other debtors 594,209 657,862 109,427 20,561
Directors' loan accounts - 1,220,286 - -
VAT - 155,012 - 199,012
Prepayments and accrued income 1,633,465 1,498,963 808,781 1,116,915
5,499,703 6,111,979 76,158,790 34,958,879
Non-current:
Other debtors 474,028 448,287 - -
Prepayments and accrued income 174,919 226,223 - -
648,947 674,510 - -

Aggregate amounts 6,148,650 6,786,489 76,158,790 34,958,879

SEDNA COMMUNICATIONS LTD (REGISTERED NUMBER: 13367033)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
for the Year Ended 31 May 2025

14. CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

Group Company
31.5.25 31.5.24 31.5.25 31.5.24
$    $    $    $   
Bank accounts 6,000,873 9,288,835 836,284 6,083,167

15. CALLED UP SHARE CAPITAL

Allotted, issued and fully paid:
Number: Class: Nominal 31.05.25
value: $
5,740 G-1 $0.01 57
118,834 Ordinary $0.01 1,188
382 B Ordinary $0.01 4
160,272 Preferred A $0.01 1,603
12,912 Preferred B-1 $0.01 129
142,630 Preferred B-2 $0.01 1,426
81,862 Preferred B-3 $0.01 819
261,750 Preferred C $0.01 2,618
784,382 7,844


Shares were issued at par or for a premium, the premiums varying from $0.25 to $292.16 per share. The aggregate share premium received amounted to $82,621,825.

All shares carry full and equal rights to participate in voting in all circumstances, in dividends, and in capital distributions, whether on a winding up or otherwise. Ordinary shares are not redeemable.

16. RESERVES

Group
Foreign
Retained Share exchange
earnings premium reserve
$    $    $   

At 1 June 2024 (59,643,628 ) 68,733,498 (2,298,211 )
Deficit for the year (13,095,720 )
Premium on share issue - 13,888,327 -
Movement on share options reserve - - 253
Movement on foreign exchange
reserve in year

-

-

(152,073

)

At 31 May 2025 (72,739,348 ) 82,621,825 (2,450,031 )

SEDNA COMMUNICATIONS LTD (REGISTERED NUMBER: 13367033)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
for the Year Ended 31 May 2025

16. RESERVES - continued

Group
Share
options Merger
reserve reserve Totals
$    $    $   

At 1 June 2024 3,795,854 (3,877,724 ) 6,709,789
Deficit for the year (13,095,720 )
Premium on share issue - - 13,888,327
Movement on share options reserve 1,220,928 - 1,220,928
Movement on share options reserve - - 253
Movement on foreign exchange
reserve in year

-

-

(152,073

)

At 31 May 2025 5,016,782 (3,877,724 ) 8,571,504

Company
Foreign Share
Retained Share exchange options
earnings premium reserve reserve Totals
$    $    $    $    $   

At 1 June 2024 (62,391,843 ) 68,733,498 (1,727,920 ) 3,741,078 8,354,813
Deficit for the year (10,729,207 ) (10,729,207 )
Premium on share issue - 13,888,327 - - 13,888,327
Movement on share options
reserve

-

-

-

1,220,928

1,220,928
At 31 May 2025 (73,121,050 ) 82,621,825 (1,727,920 ) 4,962,006 12,734,861


17. TRADE AND OTHER PAYABLES

Group Company
31.5.25 31.5.24 31.5.25 31.5.24
$    $    $    $   
Current:
Trade creditors 904,097 838,229 468,938 627,684
Amounts owed to group undertakings - - 74,788,729 32,145,750
Social security and other taxes 436,936 425,791 - -
Other creditors 208,184 629,112 36,589 -
Accruals and deferred income 1,343,774 3,463,782 598,429 332,334
VAT 109,335 - 30,957 -
3,002,326 5,356,914 75,923,642 33,105,768

SEDNA COMMUNICATIONS LTD (REGISTERED NUMBER: 13367033)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
for the Year Ended 31 May 2025

18. FINANCIAL LIABILITIES - BORROWINGS

Group Company
31.5.25 31.5.24 31.5.25 31.5.24
$    $    $    $   
Current:
Bank loans 767,760 - 767,760 -
Leases (see note 19) 645,746 302,949 - -
1,413,506 302,949 767,760 -

Non-current:
Leases (see note 19) 379,963 842,490 - -


Terms and debt repayment schedule

Group

1 year or
less 1-2 years 2-5 years Totals
$    $    $    $   
Bank loans 767,760 - - 767,760
Leases 645,746 380,398 (435 ) 1,025,709
1,413,506 380,398 (435 ) 1,793,469

Company

1 year or
less
$   
Bank loans 767,760

SEDNA COMMUNICATIONS LTD (REGISTERED NUMBER: 13367033)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
for the Year Ended 31 May 2025

19. LEASING

Group
Right-of-use assets

Property, plant and equipment

31.5.25 31.5.24
$    $   
COST
At 1 June 2024 2,134,721 2,134,721
Disposals (197,607 ) -
1,937,114 2,134,721

DEPRECIATION
At 1 June 2024 1,144,355 781,235
Charge for year 428,452 363,120
Eliminated on disposal (197,607 ) -
1,375,200 1,144,355

NET BOOK VALUE 561,914 990,366

SEDNA COMMUNICATIONS LTD (REGISTERED NUMBER: 13367033)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
for the Year Ended 31 May 2025

19. LEASING - continued

Group
Lease liabilities

Minimum lease payments fall due as follows:

31.5.25 31.5.24
$    $   
Gross obligations repayable:
Within one year 730,155 448,287
Between one and five years 380,398 937,284

1,110,553 1,385,571

Finance charges repayable:
Within one year 84,409 145,338
Between one and five years 435 94,794
84,844 240,132

Net obligations repayable:
Within one year 645,746 302,949
Between one and five years 379,963 842,490
1,025,709 1,145,439

SEDNA COMMUNICATIONS LTD (REGISTERED NUMBER: 13367033)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
for the Year Ended 31 May 2025

20. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

The statement of financial position is set out on page 12, with financial instruments being valued at amortised cost.

Risk management
The Group is exposed to market risk, credit risk and liquidity risk in the normal course of business. These risks are limited by the company's financial management policies and practices described below. There has been no change to the company's exposure to financial risk or the manner in which these risks are managed and measured.

Market risk - currency risk
The Group has high exposure to currency risk through selling services worldwide with customers denominating prices in their currency. The Group mitigates these exchange rate risks by maintaining at least three months of payroll in the local currency of the entity. The Group does not enter into foreign currency forward contracts for speculative purposes.

The Group also manages foreign currency risk by holding bank balances denominated in different currencies according to the expected trade of the various Group members.

Credit risk
In order to minimise credit risk, the Group adopts a policy of only dealing with creditworthy counterparties and employs a strict 30 day payment policy. The most significant credit risk relates to customers that may default in making payments for services that have been provided. The Group has a strict code of credit and setting appropriate credit limits. The maximum exposure to credit risk at the reporting date to recognised financial assets is the gross carrying amount, as disclosed in the balance sheet and notes to the financial statements. The Group does not hold any collateral.

Liquidity risk
The Group manages liquidity risk by maintaining adequate cash reserves by monitoring actual and forecast cashflows and matching the maturity profiles of financial assets and liabilities.

The following tables detail the Group and the Company's remaining contractual maturity for its financial instrument liabilities. The tables have been drawn up based on the undiscounted cash flows of financial liabilities based on the earliest date on which the financial liabilities are required to be paid. The tables include both interest and principal cash flows disclosed as remaining contractual maturities and therefore these totals may differ from their carrying amount in the statement of financial position.

SEDNA COMMUNICATIONS LTD (REGISTERED NUMBER: 13367033)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
for the Year Ended 31 May 2025

Group





1 year or less

Between 1 and
2 years

Between 2 and
5 years


Over 5 years
Remaining
contractual
liabilities
31.05.24 $    $    $    $    $   
Non-derivatives
Non-interest bearing
Trade creditors 838,229 - - - 838,229
Social security and other
taxes

425,791

-

-

-

425,791
Other creditors 629,112 - - - 629,112
Accruals and deferred
income

3,463,782

-

-

-

3,463,782
Total non-derivatives 5,356,914 - - - 5,356,914







1 year or less

Between 1 and
2 years

Between 2 and
5 years


Over 5 years
Remaining
contractual
liabilities
31.05.25 $    $    $    $    $   
Non-derivatives
Non-interest bearing
Trade creditors 904,097 - - - 904,097
Social security and other
taxes

549,271

-

-

-

549,271
Other creditors 208,184 - - - 208,184
Accruals and deferred
income

1,343,774

-

-

-

1,343,774
Total non-derivatives 3,002,326 - - - 3,002,326

Company





1 year or less

Between 1 and
2 years

Between 2 and
5 years


Over 5 years
Remaining
contractual
liabilities
31.05.24 $    $    $    $    $   
Non-derivatives
Non-interest bearing
Trade creditors 627,684 - - - 627,684
Amounts owed to group
undertakings

32,145,750

-

-

-

32,145,750
Other creditors - - - - -
Accruals and deferred
income

332,334

-

-

-

332,334
Total non-derivatives 33,105,768 - - - 33,105,768


SEDNA COMMUNICATIONS LTD (REGISTERED NUMBER: 13367033)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
for the Year Ended 31 May 2025





1 year or less

Between 1 and
2 years

Between 2 and
5 years


Over 5 years
Remaining
contractual
liabilities
31.05.25 $    $    $    $    $   
Non-derivatives
Non-interest bearing
Trade creditors 468,938 - - - 468,938
Amounts owed to group
undertakings

74,788,729

-

-

-

74,788,729
Other creditors 67,546 - - - 67,546
Accruals and deferred
income

598,429

-

-

-

598,429
Total non-derivatives 75,923,642 - - - 75,923,642


21. PENSION COMMITMENTS

The defined contribution pension scheme relates to the UK subsidiary. The total contributions for the period ended 31 May 2025 were $258,509 (2024: $121,669) and there were outstanding pension contributions of $890 (2024: $25,135) at the balance sheet date.

22. DIRECTORS' ADVANCES, CREDITS AND GUARANTEES

The following advances and credits to a director subsisted during the years ended 31 May 2025 and 31 May 2024:

31.5.25 31.5.24
$    $   
W F Dobie
Balance outstanding at start of year 1,191,357 6,214
Amounts advanced 517,461 1,185,143
Amounts repaid - -
Amounts written off - -
Amounts waived - -
Balance outstanding at end of year 1,708,818 1,191,357

SEDNA COMMUNICATIONS LTD (REGISTERED NUMBER: 13367033)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
for the Year Ended 31 May 2025

22. DIRECTORS' ADVANCES, CREDITS AND GUARANTEES - continued

During the year, the Group had transactions with related parties, including loans advanced to a director.

The Group has provided unsecured, interest-free loans to a director, William Dobie, through its subsidiaries Sedna Systems Europe Ltd and Sedna Systems Inc. The loans are repayable monthly, in such amounts and on such dates as agreed in writing by the Lender and the Borrower from time to time, with the full outstanding balances due by 1 December 2027.

The loans are non-interest bearing, unsecured, and repayment terms are agreed periodically between the parties.

At 31 May 2025, the total outstanding balance due from the director across the Group was $1,708,818.

The Group has assessed the recoverability of these balances and has recognised a full impairment provision against the outstanding amount. Accordingly, the carrying value of the loans in the consolidated financial statements at 31 May 2025 is $NIL. The impairment charge has been recognised within administrative expenses in the consolidated statement of profit or loss.

No interest income has been recognised in respect of these loans during the year.

SEDNA COMMUNICATIONS LTD (REGISTERED NUMBER: 13367033)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
for the Year Ended 31 May 2025

23. ACQUISITION OF SUBSIDIARIES

The company acquired 100% of the voting rights of Nordic IT LLC and its subsidiaries on 13 November 2024.

The consolidated assets and liabilities acquired and resultant Goodwill on consolidation were as follows:-


At 13 November
2024
$

Net book assets 136,748

Off-balance sheet intangible assets 196,000

Net assets acquired 332,748

Consideration 5,812,980
Goodwill on consolidation 5,480,232

Since the acquisition, the consolidated loss for the Nordic IT LLC group was $500,676 and has been included in consolidated statement of comprehensive income for the year to 31 May 2025.

The company also acquired 100% of the voting rights of Think Compass IKE on 21 May 2025.

The assets and liabilities acquired and resultant Goodwill on consolidation were as follows:-

At 21 May 2025
$

Net book assets 31,704

Off-balance sheet intangible assets 574,022

Net assets acquired 605,725

Consideration 4,907,277
Goodwill on consolidation 4,301,552

Since the acquisition, the profits of Think Compass IKE were $46,233 and have been included in consolidated statement of comprehensive income for the year to 31 May 2025.

SEDNA COMMUNICATIONS LTD (REGISTERED NUMBER: 13367033)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
for the Year Ended 31 May 2025

24. RELATED PARTY DISCLOSURES

Balances and transactions between Group entities have been eliminated on consolidation and are not disclosed in this note. The following transactions were carried out with related parties during the year.

Stage 3 Systems Pte Ltd and its subsidiary companies, Stage 3 Systems Europe Ltd and Stage 3 Systems Inc. (together the "S3S Group"), are related parties by virtue of common directorship and shareholding. The CEO of the Company is also a director and shareholder of Stage 3 Systems Pte Ltd and is considered to have significant influence over the S3S Group. During the year, the S3S Group provided software consulting and development services to the Group. These services were provided at a discount to market rates. During the year, the Group entered into an arrangement with the S3S Group to offset and settle historical balances outstanding between the parties. Certain of these balances had been impaired in prior periods. As a result of the settlement, an impairment reversal of $337,063 has been recognised within administrative expenses in the current year. At the reporting date, there were no outstanding balances with the S3S Group (2024: $169,141 payable).

True Bearing Insights LLC ("TBI") is a related party due to common significant influence. During the year, TBI provided software development services to the Group totalling $70,000 (2024: $60,000). At the reporting date, the Group owed TBI $nil (2024: $10,000).

Fello Travel Limited became a related party during the year following the appointment of a director of the Group to its board. During the year, Fello Travel Limited provided travel management services to the Group totalling $36,253 (2024: $nil). There were no outstanding balances at the reporting date.

Monson Agencies Australia Pty Ltd ("MAA") was a related party in the prior year due to common significant influence. This relationship ceased during the current year. During the year, services provided to MAA totalled $51,564 (2024: $101,721). There were no outstanding balances at the reporting date (2024: $nil).

25. ULTIMATE CONTROLLING PARTY AND PARENT COMPANY

The ultimate parent company is Insight Venture Management LLC, a company incorporated in the United States of America. Insight Venture Management LLC's financial statements are not available to the public. The only transactions between the Sedna Group and Insight Venture Management LLC and entities it has an interest in were those related to share issues during the year, with more information available in note 16.

There is no ultimate controlling party.

SEDNA COMMUNICATIONS LTD (REGISTERED NUMBER: 13367033)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
for the Year Ended 31 May 2025

26. SHARE-BASED PAYMENT TRANSACTIONS

During the year, employees, consultants and directors of the Group participated in the Employee Share Option Plan ("ESOP") approved at a general meeting. Under the ESOP, the Group may grant equity-settled options over ordinary shares of the Company to eligible participants.

Options vest at such times and subject to such service, performance and other conditions as determined by the Board and specified in the individual grant documentation. All options vest over a period not exceeding four years and expire ten years from grant date. Options generally lapse 90 days after cessation of employment or engagement unless otherwise determined by the Board.

The fair value of options granted is measured at grant date using the Black-Scholes option pricing model, taking into account the terms and conditions of grant, expected volatility, expected dividends and risk-free interest rates. Management utilised third-party valuations in determining the estimated fair value of the Company’s ordinary shares where applicable.

A summary of movements in share options during the year is set out below:


Number of share
options
Weighted average
exercise price

Outstanding at 1 June 2024 24,593 $54.28
Granted during the year 28,781 $53.01
Forfeited during the year (10,647 ) $69.91
Expired during the year - -
Exercised during the year (2,242 ) $10.51
Outstanding at 31 May 2025 40,485 $51.79

Exercisable at 31 May 2025 21,894 $57.76

The total charge for share based payment recognised is $1,220,928 (2024: $804,547).

The weighted average remaining contractual life of the plan is 8.0 years.

Volatility was determined by reviewing peer companies.

SEDNA COMMUNICATIONS LTD (REGISTERED NUMBER: 13367033)

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS - continued
for the Year Ended 31 May 2025

27. SECURITY AND COLLATERAL

At the reporting date, the Group's borrowings and credit facilities are secured by a combination of fixed charges over specific assets and debentures granted by certain subsidiaries.

HSBC Innovation Banking Limited holds a first fixed charge over certain Group bank accounts, granted in October 2024, as security for credit card facilities. In addition, Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce holds a fixed charge over certain bank accounts, granted in December 2024, in connection with a revolving credit facility provided to the parent company.

During the year, certain Group entities also granted debentures in favour of HSBC Innovation Banking Limited. These debentures include fixed charges over specific assets such as cash, receivables and intellectual property, together with a floating charge over the remainder of the assets and undertaking of those entities.

Taken together, these security arrangements provide the relevant lenders with security over substantially all of the assets of the obligor Group entities, both present and future.

The charges remain in force at the reporting date. Under the terms of the arrangements, disposal of assets subject to fixed charge requires lender consent, and upon an event of default the lenders may enforce their security, including crystallising any floating charge.

28. EVENT AFTER THE REPORTING PERIOD

On 8 July 2025, Sedna Communications Ltd entered into a Share Purchase Agreement with Eloy AS, B. Hafting AS and B. Hafting Newco AS for the acquisition of 100% of the issued share capital of Dataloy Systems AS, a Norway-based maritime technology company. The total consideration is up to approximately $25,956,000 (NOK 262,554,363), comprising $19,124,000 (NOK 193,447,013) cash paid on completion, $3,679,000 (NOK 37,211,650) satisfied through a vendor loan converted into equity in the Buyer, and deferred consideration of $3,153,000 (NOK 31,895,700) payable in two instalments at 12 and 24 months following completion. Completion occurred on the same date as signing. Amounts have been translated using an exchange rate of 1 NOK = 0.09886 USD.

Subsequent to the reporting period, the directors commenced a review of the Group’s cost base, which may result in restructuring actions. As these plans were not in place at the reporting date, no provision has been recognised.

In addition, subsequent to the reporting period, the Group agreed an extension to one of its existing loan facilities. As this agreement was entered into after the reporting date, it has not been reflected in the classification of borrowings at that date. The extension provides additional liquidity headroom and revises the repayment profile of the facility.