The company has chosen to apply the provisions of Section 11 ‘Basic Financial Instruments’ and Section 12 ‘Other Financial Instruments Issues’ of FRS 102 to all of its financial instruments.
Financial instruments are recognised in the company’s balance sheet when the company becomes a party to the contractual terms of the instrument.
Financial assets and liabilities are offset, with the net amount presented in the financial statements, when there is a legally enforceable right to set off the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis or to realise the asset and settle the liability at the same time.
Basic financial assets
Basic financial assets, including debtors and cash and bank balances, are initially measured at the transaction price, inclusive of transaction costs, and are subsequently carried at amortised cost using the effective interest method, unless the arrangement constitutes a financing transaction, in which case the transaction is measured at the present value of future receipts discounted at a market rate of interest. Financial assets receivable within one year are not amortised.
Classification of financial liabilities
Financial liabilities and equity instruments are classified according to the substance of the contractual arrangements entered into. An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of the company after deducting all liabilities.
Basic financial liabilities
Basic financial liabilities—including creditors, bank loans, loans from fellow group companies and preference shares that are classified as debt—are initially recognised at the transaction price unless the arrangement constitutes a financing transaction, in which case the debt instrument is measured at the present value of future payments discounted at a market rate of interest. Financial liabilities payable within one year are not amortised.
Debt instruments are subsequently carried at amortised cost using the effective interest method.
Trade creditors are obligations to pay for goods or services acquired in the ordinary course of business from suppliers. Amounts payable are classified as current liabilities if payment is due within one year or less; otherwise, they are presented as non-current liabilities. Trade creditors are initially recognised at the transaction price and subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method.