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Registered number: 09731984









The Estate Dairy Limited









Annual Report and Financial Statements

For the Year Ended 31 December 2025

 
The Estate Dairy Limited
 
 
Company Information


Directors
S Young 
R Young 
G Ramsbottom (appointed 1 January 2024)
K Lane (appointed 1 January 2024)




Registered number
09731984



Registered office
Wallstone Farm

Chorley

Cheshire

CW5 8JR




Independent auditors
Hurst Accountants Limited
Chartered Accountants & Statutory Auditors

3 Stockport Exchange

Stockport

Cheshire

SK1 3GG





 
The Estate Dairy Limited
 

Contents



Page
Strategic Report
 
1 - 2
Directors' Report
 
3 - 4
Independent Auditors' Report
 
5 - 8
Statement of Comprehensive Income
 
9
Balance Sheet
 
10
Statement of Changes in Equity
 
11
Statement of Cash Flows
 
12 - 13
Analysis of Net Debt
 
14
Notes to the Financial Statements
 
15 - 32


 
The Estate Dairy Limited
 
 
Strategic Report
For the Year Ended 31 December 2025

Introduction
 
The directors present their strategic report together with the audited financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2025. 

Business review
 
The principal activity of the Company in the year under review was that of branded dairy product manufacturers and distributors, specialising in premium milk, butter and yoghurt. 

As the 2024 accounts cover a 16-month period, the business has used the 12 months to December 2024 as the comparative period in the below calculations to provide a more meaningful year-on-year comparison.

Turnover in 2025 increased by 37.0% to £26.4 m (2024 £19.2 m for 12 month period to December 2024), due to strong organic growth, in addition to new product launches and several significant new customers. 

Operating profit moved by negative 50.1% to £344k (2024 £689k for 12 month period to December 2024). Strong dairy raw material commodity prices impacted profitability during the first three quarters of 2025. The business has also invested in people during the year, strengthening the management team to ensure a strong base for future growth, and adding to the Cheshire manufacturing team. .
 
Sales increased across all categories, but the growth in manufactured yoghurt and butter was particularly strong. 

The business took on leases for 2 new sites during 2025, increasing both manufacturing and distribution capacity, and is also investing significantly in plant and machinery. This will add significantly to our capacity for both yoghurt and butter production, with the additional capacity being commissioned during 2026.

Principal risks and uncertainties
 
The Company has remained profitable while navigating the commodity price fluctuations during the year.

The Company's revenues are principally derived from food service and retail markets. These markets, and therefore Company revenues, can be subject to variations in patterns of demand and are largely influenced by political factors, economic growth and consumer confidence. In response to this risk, the directors keep up to date with local and wider economic conditions and can adapt the pricing strategy and cost base of the Company accordingly. 

The Company continues to seek new markets and categories to facilitate growth. The breadth of customer base within the existing business helps to mitigate risks associated with new customers.

Financial risk management

The Company's operations expose it to a variety of financial risks that include the effects of price risk, credit risk, liquidity risk, interest rate risk and foreign exchange rate risk. The company has in place a risk management programme that seeks to limit the adverse effects on the financial performance of the company by monitoring the factors that affect each of these risks. 

Price risk 

The Company is exposed to changes in the market prices of its products, both from an input and sales perspective. To protect against adverse price movements, the Company is frequently reviewing its agreements with both customers and suppliers to ensure these are on commercially favourable terms. 
 
Page 1

 
The Estate Dairy Limited
 

Strategic Report (continued)
For the Year Ended 31 December 2025

Credit risk

Credit risk is managed by reviews on new customers and by monitoring payments against the contractual arrangements. Wherever possible, new customers are placed on direct debit to mitigate credit risk.

Liquidity and interest rate risk 

The Company's bank loans bear interest at a rate which changes in respect to changes in Bank of England Base Rate, thereby exposing the Company to measured risk on adverse movements in that rate. A proportion of asset based borrowing is on a fixed rate basis, to mitigate interest rate risk. 

Foreign exchange risk 

All overseas sales are currently invoiced in GBP. The business currently operates a GBP only bank account. While purchases are made from overseas, these are not currently material. If international sales and purchases increase, management will review foreign exchange risks and make any necessary adjustments.

Financial key performance indicators
 
We monitor several KPI's within the business though consider our key financial performance indicators being EBITDA and EBITDA percentage. 

EBITDA for the year was £768k (£1,041k for 12 month period to December 2024). 

Other key performance indicators
 
Non financial key performance indicators are numerous but centre on quality, and health & safety. 

We continue to invest in our workforce. In order that we can support future growth ambitions, we have also identified several key areas where we look to bolster the senior leadership team within the next 12 months.

The Estate Dairy Ltd is proud to be a certified B Corporation, which indicates our ambition to be a sustainable dairy business, working collaboratively across our stakeholder base. 


This report was approved by the board and signed on its behalf.



S Young
Director

Date: 29 May 2026

Page 2

 
The Estate Dairy Limited
 
 
 
Directors' Report
For the Year Ended 31 December 2025

The directors present their report and the financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2025.

Directors' responsibilities statement

The directors are responsible for preparing the Strategic Report, the Directors' Report and the financial statements in accordance with applicable law and regulations.
 
Company law requires the directors to prepare financial statements for each financial year. Under that law the directors have elected to prepare the financial statements in accordance with applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice), including Financial Reporting Standard 102 ‘The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland'. Under company law the directors must not approve the financial statements unless they are satisfied that they give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the Company and of the profit or loss of the Company for that period.

 In preparing these financial statements, the directors are required to:


select suitable accounting policies for the Company's financial statements and then apply them consistently;

make judgments and accounting estimates that are reasonable and prudent;

prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that the Company will continue in business.

The directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that are sufficient to show and explain the Company's transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the Company and to enable them to ensure that the financial statements comply with the Companies Act 2006They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the Company and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities.

Results and dividends

The profit for the year, after taxation, amounted to £165,002 (2024 - £841,828).

Dividends were paid in the year of £108,326 (2024: £nil). The directors do not recommend the payment of a final dividend.

Directors

The directors who served during the year were:

S Young 
R Young 
G Ramsbottom (appointed 1 January 2024)
K Lane (appointed 1 January 2024)

Future developments

Information regarding the future developments of the company is disclosed within the Strategic Report.

Page 3

 
The Estate Dairy Limited
 
 
 
Directors' Report (continued)
For the Year Ended 31 December 2025

Disclosure of information to auditors

Each of the persons who are directors at the time when this Directors' Report is approved has confirmed that:
 
so far as the director is aware, there is no relevant audit information of which the Company's auditors are unaware, and

the director has taken all the steps that ought to have been taken as a director in order to be aware of any relevant audit information and to establish that the Company's auditors are aware of that information.

Post balance sheet events

There have been no significant events affecting the Company since the year end.

Auditors

The auditorsHurst Accountants Limitedwere appointed in the year and will be proposed for reappointment in accordance with section 485 of the Companies Act 2006.

This report was approved by the board and signed on its behalf.
 



S Young
Director

Date: 29 May 2026

Page 4

 
The Estate Dairy Limited
 
 
 
Independent Auditors' Report to the Members of The Estate Dairy Limited
 

Qualified opinion


We have audited the financial statements of The Estate Dairy Limited (the 'Company') for the year ended 31 December 2025, which comprise the Statement of Comprehensive Income, the Analysis of Net Debt, the Balance Sheet, the Statement of Cash Flows, the Statement of Changes in Equity and the related notes, including a summary of significant accounting policiesThe financial reporting framework that has been applied in their preparation is applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards, including Financial Reporting Standard 102 ‘The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland' (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice).


Except for the possible effects of the matter described in the basis for qualified opinion section of our report, in our opinion the financial statements:


give a true and fair view of the state of the Company's affairs as at 31 December 2025 and of its profit for the year then ended;
have been properly prepared in accordance with United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice; and
have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006.


Basis for qualified opinion


The company was not audited in the previous period and we did not observe the counting of physical stocks at the beginning of the period. We were unable to satisfy ourselves by alternative means concerning stock quantities held at 31 December 2024, which are included in the opening balance sheet at £319,132. Since opening stocks enter into the determination of the financial performance, we were unable to determine whether adjustments might have been necessary in respect of the profit for the period reported in the statement of comprehensive income.


We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and applicable law. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditors' responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements section of our report. We are independent of the Company in accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in the United Kingdom, including the Financial Reporting Council's Ethical Standard and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.


Conclusions relating to going concern


In auditing the financial statements, we have concluded that the directors' use of the going concern basis of accounting in the preparation of the financial statements is appropriate.


Based on the work we have performed, we have not identified any material uncertainties relating to events or conditions that, individually or collectively, may cast significant doubt on the Company's ability to continue as a going concern for a period of at least twelve months from when the financial statements are authorised for issue.


Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of the directors with respect to going concern are described in the relevant sections of this report.


Page 5

 
The Estate Dairy Limited
 
 
 
Independent Auditors' Report to the Members of The Estate Dairy Limited (continued)


Other information


The other information comprises the information included in the Annual Report other than the financial statements and our Auditors' Report thereon. The directors are responsible for the other information contained within the Annual ReportOur opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and, except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in our report, we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon. Our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the course of the audit, or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If we identify such material inconsistencies or apparent material misstatements, we are required to determine whether this gives rise to a material misstatement in the financial statements themselves. If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact.


We have nothing to report in this regard.


Opinion on other matters prescribed by the Companies Act 2006
 

In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of the audit:


the information given in the Strategic Report and the Directors' Report for the financial year for which the financial statements are prepared is consistent with the financial statements; and
the Strategic Report and the Directors' Report have been prepared in accordance with applicable legal requirements.


Matters on which we are required to report by exception
 

In the light of the knowledge and understanding of the Company and its environment obtained in the course of the audit, we have not identified material misstatements in the Strategic Report or the Directors' Report.


We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters in relation to which the Companies Act 2006 requires us to report to you if, in our opinion:


adequate accounting records have not been kept, or returns adequate for our audit have not been received from branches not visited by us; or
the financial statements are not in agreement with the accounting records and returns; or
certain disclosures of directors' remuneration specified by law are not made; or
we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit.


Responsibilities of directors
 

As explained more fully in the Directors' Responsibilities Statement set out on page 3, the directors are responsible for the preparation of the financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair view, and for such internal control as the directors determine is necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.


In preparing the financial statements, the directors are responsible for assessing the Company's ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the directors either intend to liquidate the Company or to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so.


Page 6

 
The Estate Dairy Limited
 
 
 
Independent Auditors' Report to the Members of The Estate Dairy Limited (continued)


Auditors' responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements
 

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an Auditors' Report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements.


Irregularities, including fraud, are instances of non-compliance with laws and regulations. We design procedures in line with our responsibilities, outlined above, to detect material misstatements in respect of irregularities, including fraud. The extent to which our procedures are capable of detecting irregularities, including fraud is detailed below:

Identifying and assessing potential risks related to irregularities

In identifying and assessing the risks of material misstatement in respect of irregularities, including fraud and noncompliance with laws and regulations, we considered the following:

 
The nature of the industry and sector in which the company operates; the control environment and business performance including key drivers for directors' remuneration, bonus levels and performance targets.
The outcome of enquiries of local management and parent company management, including whether management was aware of any instances of non-compliance with laws and regulations, and whether management had knowledge of any actual, suspected, or alleged fraud.
°Supporting documentation relating to the Company's policies and procedures for:
°Identifying, evaluating, and complying with laws and regulations
Detecting and responding to the risks of fraud
The internal controls established to mitigate risks related to fraud or non-compliance with laws and regulations.
The outcome of discussions amongst the engagement team regarding how and when fraud might occur in the financial statements and any potential indicators of fraud.
The legal and regulatory framework in which the Company operates, particularly those laws and regulations which have a direct effect on the financial statements, such as the Companies Act 2006, pensions and tax legislations, or which had a fundamental effect on the operations of the Company, including General Data Protection requirements, Anti-Bribery, Corruption legislation and Food Safety regulations.

Audit response to risks identified

Our procedures to respond to the risks identified included the following:
 
Reviewing the financial statements disclosures and testing to supporting documentation to assess compliance with the provisions of those relevant laws and regulations which have a direct effect on the financial statements.
Discussions with management, including consideration of known or suspected instances of non-compliance with laws and regulations and fraud.
Evaluation of the operating effectiveness of management's controls designed to prevent and detect irregularities.
Enquiring of management about any actual and potential litigation and claims.
Performing analytical procedures to identify any unusual or unexpected relationships which may indicate risks of material misstatement due to fraud.
 
Page 7

 
The Estate Dairy Limited
 
 
 
Independent Auditors' Report to the Members of The Estate Dairy Limited (continued)


We have also considered the risk of fraud through management override of controls by:
 
Testing the appropriateness of journal entries and other adjustments. We have used data analytics software to identify accounting transactions which may pose a heightened risk of material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.
Challenging assumptions made by management in their significant accounting estimates, and assessing whether the judgements made in making accounting estimates are indicative of a potential bias; and
Evaluating the business rationale of any significant transactions that are unusual or outside the normal course of business.

We also communicated relevant identified laws and regulations and potential fraud risks to all engagement team members and remained alert to any indications of fraud or non-compliance with laws and regulations throughout the audit. There are inherent limitations in the audit procedures described above, and the further removed non-compliance with laws and regulations are from the events and transactions reflected in the financial statements, the less likely we would become aware of them. Also, the risk of not detecting a material misstatement due to fraud is higher than the risk of not detecting one resulting from error, as fraud may involve deliberate concealment by, for example, forgery or intentional misrepresentations, or through collusion.


A further description of our responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements is located on the Financial Reporting Council's website at: www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities. This description forms part of our Auditors' Report.


Use of our report
 

This report is made solely to the Company's members, as a body, in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of the Companies Act 2006Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the Company's members those matters we are required to state to them in an Auditors' Report and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other than the Company and the Company's members, as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we have formed.



Ryan Tattler (Senior Statutory Auditor)
for and on behalf of
Hurst Accountants Limited
Chartered Accountants
Statutory Auditors
3 Stockport Exchange
Stockport
Cheshire
SK1 3GG

29 May 2026
Page 8

 
The Estate Dairy Limited
 
 
Statement of Comprehensive Income
For the Year Ended 31 December 2025

31 December
As restated
16 months ended
31 December
2025
2024
Note
£
£

Turnover
 4 
26,359,919
24,702,820

Cost of sales
  
(21,701,097)
(19,503,176)

Gross profit
  
4,658,822
5,199,644

Distribution costs
  
(2,698,699)
(2,768,771)

Administrative expenses
  
(1,616,541)
(1,218,676)

Operating profit
 5 
343,582
1,212,197

Interest receivable and similar income
 9 
-
21

Interest payable and similar expenses
 10 
(82,363)
(41,954)

Profit before tax
  
261,219
1,170,264

Tax on profit
 11 
(96,217)
(328,436)

Profit for the financial year
  
165,002
841,828

There were no recognised gains and losses for 2025 or 2024 other than those included in the statement of comprehensive income.

The notes on pages 15 to 32 form part of these financial statements.

Page 9

 
The Estate Dairy Limited
Registered number: 09731984

Balance Sheet
As at 31 December 2025

As restated
2025
2024
Note
£
£

Fixed assets
  

Intangible assets
 13 
31,238
39,440

Tangible assets
 14 
3,181,769
1,693,926

  
3,213,007
1,733,366

Current assets
  

Stocks
 15 
689,626
319,132

Debtors: amounts falling due within one year
 16 
4,799,405
3,494,285

Cash at bank and in hand
 17 
1,057,942
772,807

  
6,546,973
4,586,224

Creditors: amounts falling due within one year
 18 
(4,701,666)
(3,662,379)

Net current assets
  
 
 
1,845,307
 
 
923,845

Total assets less current liabilities
  
5,058,314
2,657,211

Creditors: amounts falling due after more than one year
 19 
(2,468,243)
(226,674)

Provisions for liabilities
  

Deferred tax
 22 
(510,867)
(408,029)

Net assets
  
2,079,204
2,022,508


Capital and reserves
  

Called up share capital 
 23 
139
119

Share premium account
 25 
329,981
329,981

Profit and loss account
 25 
1,749,084
1,692,408

  
2,079,204
2,022,508


The financial statements were approved and authorised for issue by the board and were signed on its behalf by: 


S Young
Director

Date: 29 May 2026

The notes on pages 15 to 32 form part of these financial statements.

Page 10

 
The Estate Dairy Limited
 

Statement of Changes in Equity
For the Year Ended 31 December 2025


Called up share capital
Share premium account
Profit and loss account
Total equity

£
£
£
£


At 1 September 2023
100
-
850,580
850,680


Comprehensive income for the period

Profit for the period
-
-
841,828
841,828
Total comprehensive income for the period
-
-
841,828
841,828


Contributions by and distributions to owners

Shares issued during the period
19
329,981
-
330,000



At 1 January 2025
119
329,981
1,692,408
2,022,508


Comprehensive income for the year

Profit for the year
-
-
165,002
165,002
Total comprehensive income for the year
-
-
165,002
165,002


Contributions by and distributions to owners

Dividends: Equity capital
-
-
(108,326)
(108,326)

Shares issued during the year
20
-
-
20


Total transactions with owners
20
-
(108,326)
(108,306)


At 31 December 2025
139
329,981
1,749,084
2,079,204


The notes on pages 15 to 32 form part of these financial statements.

Page 11

 
The Estate Dairy Limited
 

Statement of Cash Flows
For the Year Ended 31 December 2025

2025
2024
£
£

Cash flows from operating activities

Profit for the financial year
165,002
841,828

Adjustments for:

Amortisation of intangible assets
22,955
38,418

Depreciation of tangible assets
400,975
441,121

Interest paid
82,363
41,954

Interest received
-
(21)

Taxation charge
96,217
328,437

(Increase) in stocks
(370,494)
(174,879)

(Increase) in debtors
(1,338,047)
(1,459,519)

Increase in creditors
1,236,827
902,760

Increase/(decrease) in provisions
-
(7,691)

Corporation tax (paid)
(49,730)
(93,327)

Net cash generated from operating activities

246,068
859,081

Cash flows from investing activities

Purchase of intangible fixed assets
(14,753)
(73,780)

Purchase of tangible fixed assets
(1,303,173)
(1,128,881)

Loss on disposal of tangible fixed assets
18,561
2,217

Interest received
-
21

Net cash from investing activities

(1,299,365)
(1,200,423)
Page 12

 
The Estate Dairy Limited
 

Statement of Cash Flows (continued)
For the Year Ended 31 December 2025


2025
2024

£
£



Cash flows from financing activities

Issue of ordinary shares
-
330,000

New bank loans
2,039,427
491,242

Repayment of bank loans
(565,387)
(99,564)

Repayment of finance leases
(230,302)
(193,163)

Loans received from directors
285,383
-

Dividends paid
(108,326)
-

Bank interest paid
(53,708)
(11,598)

HP interest paid
(28,655)
(30,356)

Net cash used in financing activities
1,338,432
486,561

Net increase in cash and cash equivalents
285,135
145,219

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year
772,807
627,588

Cash and cash equivalents at the end of year
1,057,942
772,807


Cash and cash equivalents at the end of year comprise:

Bank and cash balances
1,057,942
772,807


The notes on pages 15 to 32 form part of these financial statements.

Page 13

 
The Estate Dairy Limited
 

Analysis of Net Debt
For the Year Ended 31 December 2025






At 1 January 2025
Cash flows
New finance leases
Other non-cash changes
At 31 December 2025
£

£

£

£

£

Cash at bank and in hand

772,807

285,135

-

-

1,057,942

Debt due after 1 year

(3,748)

(222,383)

-

3,748

(222,383)

Debt due within 1 year

(526,419)

(1,497,472)

-

(3,748)

(2,027,639)

Finance leases

(377,885)

230,302

(604,206)

-

(751,789)


(135,245)
(1,204,418)
(604,206)
-
(1,943,869)

The notes on pages 15 to 32 form part of these financial statements.

Page 14

 
The Estate Dairy Limited
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements
For the Year Ended 31 December 2025

1.


General information

The Estate Dairy is a private company limited by shares incorporated in England and Wales. The registered office is Wallstone Farm, Chorley, Cheshire, CW5 8JR. The company's registered number is 09731984. 

2.Accounting policies

 
2.1

Basis of preparation of financial statements

The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention unless otherwise specified within these accounting policies and in accordance with Financial Reporting Standard 102, the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and the Republic of Ireland and the Companies Act 2006.

The preparation of financial statements in compliance with FRS 102 requires the use of certain critical accounting estimates. It also requires management to exercise judgment in applying the Company's accounting policies (see note 3).

The comparative figures cover a period of sixteen months and therefore do not represent a direct year-on-year comparison with the current twelve-month financial period.

The following principal accounting policies have been applied:

 
2.2

Foreign currency translation

Functional and presentation currency

The Company's functional and presentational currency is GBP.

Transactions and balances

Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using the spot exchange rates at the dates of the transactions.



 
2.3

Revenue

Revenue is recognised to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the revenue can be reliably measured. Revenue is measured as the fair value of the consideration received or receivable, excluding discounts, rebates, value added tax and other sales taxes. The following criteria must also be met before revenue is recognised:

Sale of goods

Revenue from the sale of goods is recognised when all of the following conditions are satisfied:
the Company has transferred the significant risks and rewards of ownership to the buyer;
the Company retains neither continuing managerial involvement to the degree usually associated with ownership nor effective control over the goods sold;
the amount of revenue can be measured reliably;
it is probable that the Company will receive the consideration due under the transaction; and
the costs incurred or to be incurred in respect of the transaction can be measured reliably.

Page 15

 
The Estate Dairy Limited
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements
For the Year Ended 31 December 2025

2.Accounting policies (continued)

 
2.4

Operating leases: the Company as lessee

Rentals paid under operating leases are charged to profit or loss on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

 
2.5

Development costs

In the research phase of an internal project it is not possible to demonstrate that the project will generate future economic benefits and hence all expenditure on research shall be recognised as an expense when it is incurred. Intangible assets are recognised from the development phase of a project if and only if certain specific criteria are met in order to demonstrate the asset will generate probable future economic benefits and that its cost can be reliably measured. The capitalised development costs are subsequently amortised on a straight-line basis over their useful economic lives, which is deemed to be 3 years.

If it is not possible to distinguish between the research phase and the development phase of an internal project, the expenditure is treated as if it were all incurred in the research phase only.

 
2.6

Interest income

Interest income is recognised in profit or loss using the effective interest method.

 
2.7

Finance costs

Finance costs are charged to profit or loss over the term of the debt using the effective interest method so that the amount charged is at a constant rate on the carrying amount. Issue costs are initially recognised as a reduction in the proceeds of the associated capital instrument.

 
2.8

Pensions

Defined contribution pension plan

The Company operates a defined contribution plan for its employees. A defined contribution plan is a pension plan under which the Company pays fixed contributions into a separate entity. Once the contributions have been paid the Company has no further payment obligations.

The contributions are recognised as an expense in profit or loss when they fall due. Amounts not paid are shown in accruals as a liability in the Balance Sheet. The assets of the plan are held separately from the Company in independently administered funds.

Page 16

 
The Estate Dairy Limited
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements
For the Year Ended 31 December 2025

2.Accounting policies (continued)

 
2.9

Current and deferred taxation

The tax expense for the year comprises current and deferred tax. Tax is recognised in profit or loss except that a charge attributable to an item of income and expense recognised as other comprehensive income or to an item recognised directly in equity is also recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity respectively.

The current income tax charge is calculated on the basis of tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date in the countries where the Company operates and generates income.

Deferred tax balances are recognised in respect of all timing differences that have originated but not reversed by the balance sheet date, except that:
The recognition of deferred tax assets is limited to the extent that it is probable that they will be recovered against the reversal of deferred tax liabilities or other future taxable profits; and
Any deferred tax balances are reversed if and when all conditions for retaining associated tax allowances have been met.

Deferred tax balances are not recognised in respect of permanent differences except in respect of business combinations, when deferred tax is recognised on the differences between the fair values of assets acquired and the future tax deductions available for them and the differences between the fair values of liabilities acquired and the amount that will be assessed for tax. Deferred tax is determined using tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date.


 
2.10

Intangible assets

Intangible assets are initially recognised at cost. After recognition, under the cost model, intangible assets are measured at cost less any accumulated amortisation and any accumulated impairment losses.

All intangible assets are considered to have a finite useful life. If a reliable estimate of the useful life cannot be made, the useful life shall not exceed ten years.

 The estimated useful lives range as follows:

Development costs
-
3
years

 
2.11

Tangible fixed assets

Tangible fixed assets under the cost model are stated at historical cost less accumulated depreciation and any accumulated impairment losses. Historical cost includes expenditure that is directly attributable to bringing the asset to the location and condition necessary for it to be capable of operating in the manner intended by management.

Page 17

 
The Estate Dairy Limited
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements
For the Year Ended 31 December 2025

2.Accounting policies (continued)


2.11
Tangible fixed assets (continued)

Depreciation is charged so as to allocate the cost of assets less their residual value over their estimated useful lives, using the straight-line method.

Depreciation is provided on the following basis:

Long-term leasehold property
-
20%
Plant and machinery
-
10-20%
Motor vehicles
-
33%
Fixtures and fittings
-
25-33%
Assets under construction
-
Not depreciated

The assets' residual values, useful lives and depreciation methods are reviewed, and adjusted prospectively if appropriate, or if there is an indication of a significant change since the last reporting date.

Gains and losses on disposals are determined by comparing the proceeds with the carrying amount and are recognised in profit or loss.

 
2.12

Stocks

Stocks are stated at the lower of cost and net realisable value, being the estimated selling price less costs to complete and sell. Cost is based on the cost of purchase on a weighted average basis. Work in progress and finished goods include labour and attributable overheads.

At each balance sheet date, stocks are assessed for impairment. If stock is impaired, the carrying amount is reduced to its selling price less costs to complete and sell. The impairment loss is recognised immediately in profit or loss.

 
2.13

Debtors

Short-term debtors are measured at transaction price, less any impairment.

 
2.14

Cash

Cash is represented by cash in hand and deposits with financial institutions repayable without penalty on notice of not more than 24 hours.

 
2.15

Creditors

Short-term creditors are measured at the transaction price. Other financial liabilities, including bank loans, are measured initially at fair value, net of transaction costs, and are measured subsequently at amortised cost using the effective interest method.

 
2.16

Financial instruments

The company only enters into basic financial instruments transactions that result in the recognition of financial assets and liabilities like trade and other accounts receivable.
 
Debt instruments that are payable or receivable within one year, typically trade debtors and creditors, are measured, initially and subsequently, at the undiscounted amount of the cash or other consideration expected to be paid or received.
 
 
Page 18

 
The Estate Dairy Limited
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements
For the Year Ended 31 December 2025

2.Accounting policies (continued)


2.16
Financial instruments (continued)

Financial assets that are measured at cost and amortised cost are assessed at the end of each reporting period for objective evidence of impairment. If objective evidence of impairment is found, an impairment loss is recognised in the Statement of comprehensive income.
 
For financial assets measured at amortised cost, the impairment loss is measured as the difference between an asset's carrying amount and the present value of estimated cash flows discounted at the asset's original effective interest rate. If a financial asset has a variable interest rate, the discount rate for measuring any impairment loss is the current effective interest rate determined under the contract.
 
Financial assets and liabilities are offset and the net amount reported in the Balance sheet when there is an enforceable right to set off the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis or to realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.

 
2.17

Dividends

Equity dividends are recognised when they become legally payable. Interim equity dividends are recognised when paid. Final equity dividends are recognised when approved by the shareholders at an annual general meeting.


3.


Judgments in applying accounting policies and key sources of estimation uncertainty

The preparation of the financial statements requires management to make significant judgements and estimates. The items in the financial statements where these judgements and estimates have been made include:

Depreciation and amortisation of fixed assets

The annual depreciation charge for tangible fixed assets is sensitive to changes in the estimated useful economic lives and residual values of the assets. These estimates are determined by management based on historical experience and expectations of future use.

A change in the estimated useful lives of assets would result in a revised depreciation charge in future periods. The carrying amount of tangible fixed assets at the reporting date was £3,181,769 
(2024: £1,693,926).


4.


Turnover

The whole of the turnover is attributable to the sale of goods and relates to the principal activity of the company.

All turnover arose within the United Kingdom.

Page 19

 
The Estate Dairy Limited
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements
For the Year Ended 31 December 2025

5.


Operating profit

The operating profit is stated after charging:

31 December
16 months ended
31 December
2025
2024
£
£

Research & development charged as an expense
6,163
-

Exchange differences
5,538
3,009

Other operating lease rentals
345,135
148,813


6.


Auditors' remuneration

During the year, the Company obtained the following services from the Company's auditors:


31 December
16 months ended
31 December
2025
2024
£
£

Fees payable to the Company's auditors for the audit of the Company's financial statements
20,150
-

Preparation of corporation tax computation
2,600
-

Preparation of statutory accounts
2,500
-


The company was unaudited in the prior year, therefore no audit fees were payable.



Page 20

 
The Estate Dairy Limited
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements
For the Year Ended 31 December 2025

7.


Employees

Staff costs, including directors' remuneration, were as follows:


31 December
16 months ended
31 December
2025
2024
£
£

Wages and salaries
2,655,172
2,380,637

Social security costs
311,474
214,028

Cost of defined contribution scheme
22,317
25,159

2,988,963
2,619,824


The average monthly number of employees, including the directors, during the year was as follows:


     31 December
   16 months ended
      31 December
        2025
        2024
            No.
            No.







Employees
61
43


8.


Directors' remuneration

31 December
16 months ended
31 December
2025
2024
£
£

Directors' emoluments
311,487
366,667

Company contributions to defined contribution pension schemes
-
2,498

311,487
369,165


During the year retirement benefits were accruing to no directors (2024 - 2) in respect of defined contribution pension schemes.

The highest paid director received remuneration of £126,487 (2024 - £116,150).

The value of the Company's contributions paid to a defined contribution pension scheme in respect of the highest paid director amounted to £nil (2024 - £1,150).

Page 21

 
The Estate Dairy Limited
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements
For the Year Ended 31 December 2025

9.


Interest receivable

31 December
16 months ended
31 December
2025
2024
£
£


Other interest receivable
-
21


10.


Interest payable and similar expenses

31 December
16 months ended
31 December
2025
2024
£
£


Loan interest payable
53,708
11,598

Hire purchase interest payable
28,655
30,356

82,363
41,954

Page 22

 
The Estate Dairy Limited
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements
For the Year Ended 31 December 2025

11.


Taxation


31 December
16 months ended
31 December
2025
2024
£
£

Corporation tax


Current tax on profits for the year
-
49,730

Adjustments in respect of previous periods
(6,621)
3,556


(6,621)
53,286


Total current tax
(6,621)
53,286

Deferred tax


Origination and reversal of timing differences
225,980
275,150

Adjustments in respect of prior periods
(123,142)
-

Total deferred tax
102,838
275,150


Tax on profit
96,217
328,436
Page 23

 
The Estate Dairy Limited
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements
For the Year Ended 31 December 2025
 
11.Taxation (continued)


Factors affecting tax charge for the year/period

The tax assessed for the year/period is lower than (2024 - lower than) the standard rate of corporation tax in the UK of25% (2024 -25%). The differences are explained below:

31 December
16 months ended
31 December
2025
2024
£
£


Profit on ordinary activities before tax
261,219
1,170,264


Profit on ordinary activities multiplied by standard rate of corporation tax in the UK of 25% (2024 - 25%)
65,305
292,566

Effects of:


Expenses not deductible for tax purposes, other than goodwill amortisation and impairment
28,565
-

Adjustments to tax charge in respect of prior periods
(129,765)
-

Non-taxable income
(1,668)
-

Qualifiying donations unutilised
1,060
-

Other differences leading to an increase (decrease) in the tax charge
-
35,870

Losses carried back
130,663
-

Ineligible assets adjustments
2,057
-

Total tax charge for the year/period
96,217
328,436


Factors that may affect future tax charges

There were no factors that may affect future tax charges.


12.


Dividends

2025
2024
£
£


Dividends paid on ordinary shares
108,326
-

Page 24

 
The Estate Dairy Limited
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements
For the Year Ended 31 December 2025

13.


Intangible assets




Development costs
Lease premium
Computer software
Total

£
£
£
£



Cost


At 1 January 2025 (as previously stated)
86,616
318,667
-
405,283


Prior Year Adjustment
-
(283,000)
-
(283,000)


At 1 January 2025 (as restated)
86,616
35,667
-
122,283


Additions
5,725
-
9,028
14,753


Disposals
(5,976)
(35,667)
-
(41,643)



At 31 December 2025

86,365
-
9,028
95,393



Amortisation


At 1 January 2025 (as previously stated)
54,437
44,270
-
98,707


Prior Year Adjustment
-
(15,864)
-
(15,864)


At 1 January 2025 (as restated)
54,437
28,406
-
82,843


Charge for the year
15,694
7,261
-
22,955


On disposals
(5,976)
(35,667)
-
(41,643)



At 31 December 2025

64,155
-
-
64,155



Net book value



At 31 December 2025
22,210
-
9,028
31,238



At 31 December 2024 (as restated)
32,179
7,261
-
39,440

A prior year adjustment has been made to reclassify an amount of £267,136 from 2024 additions to prepayments. This relates to £283,000 of prepaid stock that was included an an intangible addition in error. Amortisation of £15,864 had been recorded against this item in the prior year.



Page 25

 
The Estate Dairy Limited
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements
For the Year Ended 31 December 2025

14.


Tangible fixed assets


Long-term leasehold property
Plant and machinery
Motor vehicles
Fixtures and fittings
Assets under construction
Total

£
£
£
£
£
£



Cost


At 1 January 2025 (as previously stated)
461,700
2,182,543
856,731
54,238
-
3,555,212


Prior Year Adjustment
-
(492,570)
-
-
-
(492,570)


At 1 January 2025 (as restated)
461,700
1,689,973
856,731
54,238
-
3,062,642


Additions
136,563
1,200,290
104,235
28,863
437,428
1,907,379


Disposals
(7,500)
(41,122)
(443,738)
(16,633)
-
(508,993)



At 31 December 2025

590,763
2,849,141
517,228
66,468
437,428
4,461,028



Depreciation


At 1 January 2025
113,345
1,201,713
6,750
46,908
-
1,368,716


Charge for the year
98,733
282,082
13,500
6,660
-
400,975


Disposals
(250)
(473,549)
-
(16,633)
-
(490,432)



At 31 December 2025

211,828
1,010,246
20,250
36,935
-
1,279,259



Net book value



At 31 December 2025
378,935
1,838,895
496,978
29,533
437,428
3,181,769



At 31 December 2024 (as restated)
348,355
488,260
849,981
7,330
-
1,693,926

A prior year adjustment has been made to reclassify an amount of £492,570 from 2024 from plant and machinery to other debtors. This relates to an asset that has not yet been delivered.

Assets with a total net book value of £816,684
 (2024: £127,252) were held on finance and hire purchase lease at the balance sheet date.




The net book value of land and buildings may be further analysed as follows:


2025
2024
£
£

Leasehold
378,935
348,355


Page 26

 
The Estate Dairy Limited
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements
For the Year Ended 31 December 2025

15.


Stocks

As restated
2025
2024
£
£

Raw materials and consumables
50,330
20,880

Work in progress
77,012
7,337

Finished goods
562,284
290,915

689,626
319,132


Included in finished goods for 2024 is £86,745 of packaging stock that was included in other debtors in error in the prior year financial statements.


16.


Debtors

As restated
2025
2024
£
£

Trade debtors
3,068,775
2,433,040

Other debtors
1,181,301
625,279

Called up share capital not paid
20
-

Prepayments and accrued income
549,309
435,966

4,799,405
3,494,285


A prior year adjustment has been made to reclassify a total of £360,656 from other debtors to stock and cash. This relates to £86,745 of packaging stock and £273,911 of direct debits that were both included in other debtors in error.

A prior year adjustment has been made to reclass a total of £267,136 from intangible fixed assets to prepayments. This relates to £283,000 of  prepaid stock that was included in intangible fixed assets in error. £15,864 of amortisation had been recorded against the asset in the prior year.


17.


Cash

As restated
2025
2024
£
£

Cash
1,057,942
772,807


Included in cash for 2024 is £273,911 of direct debits that was included in other debtors in error in the prior year financial statements.

Page 27

 
The Estate Dairy Limited
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements
For the Year Ended 31 December 2025

18.


Creditors: Amounts falling due within one year

As restated
2025
2024
£
£

Bank loans
58,107
526,419

Trade creditors
3,599,202
2,711,704

Corporation tax
-
49,730

Other taxation and social security
94,811
-

Obligations under finance lease and hire purchase contracts
229,646
154,959

Other creditors
275,021
72,555

Accruals and deferred income
444,879
147,012

4,701,666
3,662,379


Included in creditors falling due within one year for 2024 is £49,730 of corporation tax that was presented separately in the prior year financial statements.

The bank loans relate to facilities provided by Oxbury Bank plc. These loans are secured by way of a fixed and floating charge over the assets of the company.

Obligations under finance lease and hire purchase agreements are secured on the assets to which they relate.


19.


Creditors: Amounts falling due after more than one year

2025
2024
£
£

Bank loans
1,946,100
3,748

Net obligations under finance leases and hire purchase contracts
522,143
222,926

2,468,243
226,674


The bank loans relate to facilities provided by Oxbury Bank plc. These loans are secured by way of a fixed and floating charge over the assets of the company.

Obligations under finance lease and hire purchase agreements are secured on the assets to which they relate.

Page 28

 
The Estate Dairy Limited
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements
For the Year Ended 31 December 2025

20.


Loans


Analysis of the maturity of loans is given below:


2025
2024
£
£

Amounts falling due within one year

Bank loans
58,107
526,419

Amounts falling due 1-2 years

Bank loans
168,443
3,748

Amounts falling due 2-5 years

Bank loans
1,777,657
-

2,004,207
530,167



21.


Hire purchase and finance leases


Minimum lease payments under hire purchase fall due as follows:

2025
2024
£
£


Within one year
267,158
154,959

Between 1-5 years
591,659
222,926

858,817
377,885

Included in the minimum lease payments is future interest payments of £107,029 (2024: £47,093).


22.


Deferred taxation




2025
2024


£

£



At beginning of year
(408,029)
(132,879)


Charged to profit or loss
(102,838)
(275,150)



At end of year
(510,867)
(408,029)

Page 29

 
The Estate Dairy Limited
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements
For the Year Ended 31 December 2025
 
22.Deferred taxation (continued)

The provision for deferred taxation is made up as follows:

2025
2024
£
£


Accelerated capital allowances
(598,425)
(408,029)

Tax losses carried forward
87,026
-

Other timing differences
532
-

(510,867)
(408,029)


23.


Share capital

2025
2024
£
£
Allotted, called up and fully paid



1,190,400 (2024 - nil) Ordinary Shares of £0.0001 (2024 - £0.01) each
119
-
Nil (2024 - 11,904) Ordinary Shares shares of £0.0100 each
-
119

119

119

Allotted, called up and not paid



203,918 (2024 - nil ) V Shares of £0.0001  each
20
-

During the year, each ordinary share of £0.01 was subdivided into 100 ordinary shares of £0.0001 each. The total nominal value of the ordinary share capital remained unchanged.

During the year, 203,918 V shares of £0.0001 each were issued but remained unpaid at year end.

The ordinary shares carry full rights with regards to voting, payment of dividends, and distribution of capital. The V shares carry no voting or dividend rights but are entitled to participate in exit proceeds.


Page 30

 
The Estate Dairy Limited
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements
For the Year Ended 31 December 2025

24.


Prior year adjustments

The following prior year adjustments have been made following a review of historical accounting treatment to correct balances in the prior year and to ensure consistency and accuracy of presentation. 
 
£492,570 was reclassified from tangible fixed assets to prepayments. This relates to an asset that has not yet been delivered.
 
£86,745 was reclassified from other debtors to stock. This relates to packaging stock that had been included in other debtors in error.
 
£273,911 was reclassifed from other debtors to cash. This relates to direct debits that had been included in other debtors in error.
 
£267,136 was reclassified from intangible fixed assets to prepayments. This relates to £283,000 of prepaid stock that had been included an an intangible addition in error. Amortisation of £15,864 had been recorded against this item in the prior year.

These adjustments do not impact opening reserves of the current year, as they either offset within the statement of comprehensive income, or represent reclassifications between balance sheet categories.


25.


Reserves

Share premium account

The share premium account is an equity account that represents the additional amount shareholders paid for the issued shares that were in excess of the par value.

Profit and loss account

The profit and loss account reserve is the accumulation of profits and losses made by the company since incorporation, net of dividends paid.


26.


Capital commitments


At 31 December 2025 the Company had capital commitments as follows:

2025
2024
£
£


Contracted for but not provided in these financial statements
1,422,503
-


27.


Pension commitments

The Company operates a defined contributions pension scheme. The assets of the scheme are held separately from those of the Company in an independently administered fund. The pension cost charge represents contributions payable by the Company to the fund and amounted to £22,317 (2024: £25,159).

Contributions totalling £4,960 (
2024: £3,030) were payable to the fund at the balance sheet date.

Page 31

 
The Estate Dairy Limited
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements
For the Year Ended 31 December 2025

28.


Commitments under operating leases

At 31 December 2025 the Company had future minimum lease payments due under non-cancellable operating leases for each of the following periods:

2025
2024
£
£

Land and buildings


Not later than 1 year
234,711
95,000

Later than 1 year and not later than 5 years
1,476,416
200,000

Later than 5 years
1,297,459
104,167

3,008,586
399,167

2025
2024

£
£

Plant and machinery


Not later than 1 year
135,134
111,888

Later than 1 year and not later than 5 years
181,362
233,209

316,496
345,097


29.


Related party transactions

At the end of the reporting period the company owed the Directors £245,815 (2024: £ 39,568 owed from the Directors). All transactions with directors during the year are immaterial or within the normal course of business.


30.


Controlling party

The Company is jointly controlled by S & R Young, who together hold a majority of the Company’s voting share capital and exercise control over the Company. There is no single ultimate controlling party.

Page 32