Turnover is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable net of VAT and trade discounts. The policies have been consistently applied to all years presented unless otherwise stated.
Rendering of services
When the outcome of a transaction can be estimated reliably, turnover from medical research is recognised by reference to the stage of completion at the balance sheet date. Stage of completion is measured be reference to the date in which the service was provided.
Where the outcome cannot be measured reliably, turnover is recognised only to the extent of the expenses recognised that are recoverable.
Interest receivable
Interest income is recognised using the effective interest method.