Caseware UK (AP4) 2024.0.164 2024.0.164 2025-12-31B P Singh22026-06-192025-01-01false22025-12-31129129540.250.25false 12912954 2025-01-01 2025-12-31 12912954 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 12912954 2025-12-31 12912954 2024-12-31 12912954 c:Director1 2025-01-01 2025-12-31 12912954 c:RegisteredOffice 2025-01-01 2025-12-31 12912954 d:LandBuildings 2025-01-01 2025-12-31 12912954 d:PlantMachinery 2025-01-01 2025-12-31 12912954 d:MotorVehicles 2025-01-01 2025-12-31 12912954 d:FurnitureFittings 2025-01-01 2025-12-31 12912954 d:OfficeEquipment 2025-01-01 2025-12-31 12912954 d:Goodwill 2025-01-01 2025-12-31 12912954 d:CurrentFinancialInstruments 2025-12-31 12912954 d:CurrentFinancialInstruments 2024-12-31 12912954 d:ShareCapital 2025-12-31 12912954 d:ShareCapital 2024-12-31 12912954 d:OtherMiscellaneousReserve 2025-01-01 2025-12-31 12912954 d:RetainedEarningsAccumulatedLosses 2025-01-01 2025-12-31 12912954 d:RetainedEarningsAccumulatedLosses 2025-12-31 12912954 d:RetainedEarningsAccumulatedLosses 2024-12-31 12912954 c:OrdinaryShareClass1 2025-01-01 2025-12-31 12912954 c:OrdinaryShareClass1 2025-12-31 12912954 c:OrdinaryShareClass1 2024-12-31 12912954 c:FullIFRS 2025-01-01 2025-12-31 12912954 c:Audited 2025-01-01 2025-12-31 12912954 c:FullAccounts 2025-01-01 2025-12-31 12912954 c:PrivateLimitedCompanyLtd 2025-01-01 2025-12-31 12912954 11 2025-01-01 2025-12-31 12912954 12 2025-01-01 2025-12-31 12912954 13 2025-01-01 2025-12-31 12912954 14 2025-01-01 2025-12-31 12912954 17 2025-01-01 2025-12-31 iso4217:GBP xbrli:pure xbrli:shares

Registered number: 12912954









KONEXUS HOLDINGS LIMITED









FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025

 
KONEXUS HOLDINGS LIMITED
 
 
 
COMPANY INFORMATION


 
Director
B P Singh 




Registered number
12912954



Registered office
14 Brook's Mews

London,

W1K 4DG




Independent auditor
Barnes Roffe Audit Limited
Chartered Accountants & Statutory Auditor

Leytonstone House

3 Hanbury Drive

London

E11 1GA





 
KONEXUS HOLDINGS LIMITED
 
 
 
CONTENTS



Page
Group strategic report
 
1 - 6
Director's report
 
7 - 8
Independent auditor's report
 
9 - 12
Consolidated Statement of Profit or Loss and Other Comprehensive Income
 
13
Consolidated statement of financial position
 
14 - 15
Company statement of financial position
 
16 - 17
Consolidated statement of changes in equity
 
18
Consolidated statement of cash flows
 
19 - 20
Notes to the consolidated financial statements
 
21 - 44
Company detailed profit and loss account and summaries
 
44
 

 
KONEXUS HOLDINGS LIMITED
 
 
 
GROUP STRATEGIC REPORT
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025

Introduction

The Director presents the Strategic Report of Konexus Holdings Limited ("KHL" or the "Group") for the year ended 31 December 2025.

KHL is a holding company for the Konexus Resouces Group, which is an international commodities, manufacturing and supply chain business with activities spanning metals, agriculture and energy markets. The Group combines physical commodity trading, processing, manufacturing and logistics capabilities across a growing network of operations and commercial relationships in the Middle East, Asia, Europe, Africa and North America.

The Group's strategy is centered on building integrated supply chain businesses in essential commodity sectors. This typically involves establishing market positions through trading activities, developing long-term sourcing and customer relationships, and selectively investing in value-added processing and manufacturing assets that enhance margins, strengthen supply chain control and create sustainable long-term value.

During the year, the Group continued to expand its operating platform, investing in manufacturing capacity, new business lines, strategic supply relationships and organizational capabilities to support future growth. Further details of the Group's performance, principal risks, financial results and strategic priorities are set out in the sections that follow.

The Group transitioned its financial reporting framework from UK GAAP to International Financial Reporting Standards as adopted by the United Kingdom ("IFRS") during the year. This aligns the Company's reporting with international best practices and the broader Group's reporting framework. Details of the impact of the transition are provided in the notes to the financial statements.

Business Review

In 2025, the base metals industry operated in an increasingly complex and uncertain environment. Ongoing conflict in Ukraine, continued instability in the Middle East, and rising geopolitical tensions across key trade corridors created significant challenges for global supply chains. In particular, the escalation of conflict in the Red Sea region during the first quarter of 2025 caused widespread disruption to international shipping routes, extending transit times, increasing freight costs, and forcing many market participants to rethink their logistics strategies. At the same time, energy markets remained volatile, governments increasingly sought to secure strategic resources, and supply discipline among major producers continued to influence metal availability and pricing.

Despite these challenges, underlying demand for industrial metals remained resilient, supported by global investment in power infrastructure, electrification, and the rapid expansion of AI-related data centre capacity. Against this backdrop, the Group delivered a strong performance, increasing turnover from $178 million to $252 million, representing growth of more than 40% year-over-year.

This performance was driven primarily by the first full year of operations at our manufacturing facility in Bahrain and processing facility in Thailand. The successful ramp-up of these businesses reflects the commitment of our employees and validates our strategy of investing in value-added manufacturing capabilities alongside our traditional trading operations. By maintaining reliable production and delivering consistently for our customers during a period of ongoing market disruption, both facilities made a significant contribution to the Group's growth.

During the year, we also continued to invest for the future. We expanded our presence in the agricultural sector, further diversifying the Group's activities and creating new avenues for long-term growth. Equally important, we strengthened our leadership and operational teams across the organization, building the talent and infrastructure required to support the next phase of the Group's development.

Page 1

 
KONEXUS HOLDINGS LIMITED
 
 
 
GROUP STRATEGIC REPORT (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025


A key focus throughout the year was improving the visibility and predictability of our business. We made meaningful progress in increasing the proportion of activity conducted under long-term customer and supplier agreements, reducing exposure to short-term market volatility. We also deepened relationships with several leading global metal producers, strengthening our access to reliable sources of supply and enhancing our ability to serve customers consistently across market cycles. These initiatives have improved the quality of our earnings, increased resilience across our operating platform, and positioned the Group for continued sustainable growth in the years ahead.

Principal risks and uncertainties

Risk management remains central to the business model. As a trader, processor and manufacturer of industrial metals, the Group is exposed to a range of market, operational and financial risks. Our objective is not to speculate on commodity prices, currencies or interest rates, but rather to manage these exposures prudently while protecting margins and preserving capital.

Commodity Price Risk

The Group trades a diversified portfolio of aluminium, copper, lead, alloys and scrap metals. For exchange-traded primary metals, price exposure is generally hedged using futures contracts on recognized commodity exchanges, allowing us to lock in margins between physical purchases and sales. As a result, the Group's earnings are driven primarily by trading and manufacturing performance rather than movements in outright metal prices.

Foreign Exchange Risk

The majority of the Group's business is conducted in U.S. Dollars, which serves as our functional currency. Where transactions are denominated in Euros, Sterling or other currencies, exposures are managed through natural offsets and, where appropriate, forward foreign exchange contracts.

Counterparty Credit Risk

Managing credit risk remains a key priority. The majority of customer exposures are covered through trade credit insurance or secured through bank-backed Letters of Credit. The Group maintains disciplined credit controls and monitors customer exposures continuously to ensure that trading activity remains within approved limits.

I
nventory and Logistics Risk

The Group maintains inventory across multiple geographies and regularly transports material through international shipping routes. Physical inventories and goods in transit are protected through comprehensive marine cargo and storage insurance policies designed to safeguard the Group against material losses.

Interest Rate and Financing Risk

The Group utilizes revolving trade finance and working capital facilities to support its operations. While these facilities are generally linked to floating benchmark interest rates, financing costs are incorporated into transaction pricing and managed as part of the Group's overall commercial strategy.
 
Page 2

 
KONEXUS HOLDINGS LIMITED
 
 
 
GROUP STRATEGIC REPORT (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025

Trade Finance & Working Capital Strategy

The Group's trading and manufacturing activities require access to substantial working capital and trade finance facilities. To support these requirements, the Group maintains a diversified funding structure anchored by its core transaction banking relationship with HSBC, supplemented by additional facilities from other financial institutions and strategic financing partners.

The Group also maintains dedicated credit facilities with its LME brokers to support margin requirements associated with its hedging activities. Combined with favourable supplier payment terms and disciplined inventory management, these facilities allow the Group to efficiently fund inventory, manufacturing operations and customer deliveries while preserving liquidity.

This financing framework provides the flexibility required to support continued growth while maintaining a prudent approach to balance sheet management and risk 

Financial key performance indicators

The Group adopted International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) during the current financial year, enhancing the consistency and comparability of its financial reporting.

Revenue

Revenue increased from $178.0 million to $252.0 million, representing growth of 41.6% compared with the prior year. This increase was driven primarily by the first full year of operations at the Group's manufacturing facility in Bahrain and processing facility in Thailand, both of which achieved strong utilization levels and contributed meaningfully to overall performance.

Operating Profit

Operating profit for the year was $5.99 million. This result reflects disciplined cost management, improved operational efficiency and the successful integration of our manufacturing and processing activities. Gross profit increased to $12.66 million despite continued volatility in energy, logistics and raw material markets.

The year also included continued investment in the development of the Group's agricultural trading business, which remains in the growth phase of its evolution. While this investment impacted current-period profitability, management believes the business offers attractive long-term opportunities to diversify earnings and enhance overall margins. As the platform matures, we expect increased scale, improved sourcing capabilities and deeper customer relationships to contribute positively to both gross profit and operating earnings.

Other key performance indicators

Financing and Risk Management

Net finance costs of $4.97 million reflect the funding requirements associated with a rapidly expanding trading and manufacturing platform. During the year, the Group maintained substantial working capital facilities to support higher transaction volumes, inventory requirements and hedging activities across multiple jurisdictions.

While financing costs increased alongside the growth of the business, management views this as a natural consequence of scaling operations and establishing a broader banking and trade finance infrastructure. As the Group continues to grow, strengthen its balance sheet and deepen relationships with existing and new lending partners, management expects to secure additional funding capacity on increasingly competitive terms. This should support future growth while contributing to improved profitability and returns on capital over time.
 
Page 3

 
KONEXUS HOLDINGS LIMITED
 
 
 
GROUP STRATEGIC REPORT (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025

The Group continues to maintain dedicated facilities to support hedging operations and working capital requirements, ensuring adequate liquidity is available throughout periods of market volatility and market disruption.

Working Capital

Current assets at year-end totaled $94.25 million, including inventories of $48.93 million and trade receivables of $38.6 million. These balances reflect the increased scale of the Group's operations and are supported by established trade finance facilities, disciplined credit management and strong supplier relationships.

Strategic Priorities and Future Growth

As the Group enters its next phase of development, our strategy remains focused on building integrated supply chain businesses that combine trading, processing and manufacturing capabilities. Over the past several years, we have successfully executed this model within the metals sector, establishing strong trading operations before investing in value-added processing and manufacturing assets that enhance margins, deepen customer relationships and create long-term competitive advantages.

The continued expansion of our aluminium rod manufacturing facility in Bahrain remains a key strategic priority. Once completed, annual production capacity will increase from approximately 36,000 tonnes to 90,000 tonnes. Land acquisition has been completed, key equipment orders have been placed, and project execution is progressing according to plan. This investment represents the next stage in our evolution from a trading-focused business toward a more diversified industrial platform with greater exposure to value-added manufacturing.

Beyond metals, we are applying the same proven approach to the agricultural sector. Over the past year, the Group has expanded its agricultural trading activities and strengthened relationships across the supply chain. Building on this foundation, the Group is progressing the development of a strategically important flour milling and food security project in Bahrain. The project has received all necessary approvals and is currently under development. Once operational, it will establish the Group's first major agricultural processing asset and represents an important milestone in the expansion of our agri-business platform. The project is expected to support Bahrain's long-term food security objectives while creating new opportunities for growth and value creation within the Group.

The Group is also pursuing opportunities within the energy transition sector through its operations in Thailand. Leveraging our existing commodity trading capabilities and local market presence, the Group has begun expanding into biomass and renewable energy feedstocks. As with our metals and agricultural businesses, our initial focus is on developing trading and supply chain expertise before selectively investing in processing and manufacturing capabilities where we believe sustainable competitive advantages can be established. Over time, we believe the biomass sector offers significant opportunities as global demand for renewable fuels, sustainable industrial feedstocks and lower-carbon energy solutions continues to grow.

Supporting these growth initiatives is our ongoing investment in people, systems and commercial capabilities. During the year, we strengthened our management team and expanded our regional trading presence to support new markets and business lines. We also continued to deepen relationships with major producers, customers, logistics providers and financial institutions, creating a stronger platform from which to pursue future growth.

While each of these businesses operates in distinct markets, they are united by a common strategy: establishing strong positions in essential commodity supply chains, building scale through trading activities, and selectively investing in value-added infrastructure that enhances margins, improves supply chain control and creates sustainable long-term shareholder value.
 
Page 4

 
KONEXUS HOLDINGS LIMITED
 
 
 
GROUP STRATEGIC REPORT (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025

Director's statement of compliance with duty to promote the success of the Group

The Companies (Miscellaneous Reporting) Regulations 2018 (`2018 MRR') requires the Director to explain how he considered the interests of key stakeholders and the broader matters set out in section 172(1) (A) to (F) of the Companies Act 2006 ('s172') when performing his duty to promote the success of the group under s172. This includes considering the interest of other stakeholders which will have an impact on the long-term success of the group. The Board welcomes the direction of the UK Financial Reporting Council (the 'FRC'). This s172 statement explains how the Director:

has engaged with employees, suppliers, customers, and others; and
has had regard to employee interests, the need to foster the Group's business relationships with suppliers, customers and other, and the effect of that regards, including on the principal decisions taken by the Group during the financial year.

The s172 statement focuses on matters of strategic importance to Konexus Holdings Limited, and the level of information disclosed is consistent with the size and the complexity of the business.

General confirmation of Director's duties

When making decisions, the Director ensures that he acts in the way he considers, in good faith, would most likely promote the group's success for the benefit of its members, and in doing so have regard (among other matters) to:

S172(1) (A) "The likely consequences of any decision in the long term"
The Director understands the business and the evolving environment in which we operate. The strategy set by the Board is intended to strengthen our position as a leading physical commodity trader/producer, while keeping safety and social responsibility fundamental to our business approach. To help achieve these ambitions, the Board refreshed our strategy to further focus on developing the Group by moving into further diversified trade relationships and identifying long term trade flow and value accretive processing projects. In 2024, as per the Group vision and strategy, it has installed an Aluminium Rod Mill in Bahrain with cutting-edge technology and a focus on sustainability. It is poised to play a pivotal role in meeting the growing demand for high-quality Aluminium products.

S172(1) (B) "The interests of the company's employees"
The Director recognizes that Konexus Holdings Limited groups employees are fundamental and core to our business and delivery of our strategic ambitions. The success of our business depends on attracting, retaining and motivating employees. From ensuring that we remain a responsible employer, from pay and benefits to our health, safety and workplace environment, the Director factors the implications of decisions on employees and the wider workforce, where relevant and feasible.

S172(1) (C) "The need to foster the company's business relationships with suppliers. customers and others"
Delivering our strategy requires strong mutually beneficial relationships with suppliers and customers. Konexus Holdings Limited seeks the promotion and application of certain general principles in such relationships. The ability to promote these principles effectively is an important factor in the decision to enter or remain in such relationships and this alongside other standards The businesses continuously assess the priorities related to customers and those with whom we do business, and the Board engages with the businesses on these topics.

S172(1) (D) "The impact of the company's operations on the community and the environment"
This aspect is inherent in our strategic ambitions, the Board receives information on these topics and takes the appropriate actions to ensure that we achieve the best interests of all parties.
 
Page 5

 
KONEXUS HOLDINGS LIMITED
 
 
 
GROUP STRATEGIC REPORT (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025



S172(1) (E) "The desirability of the company maintaining a reputation for high standards of business conduct"
the Group aims to meet the world's growing need for metals and core staple agri commodities in an economically and sustainable way, ensuring it is done in an environmentally, and socially responsible way. The Board periodically reviews and approves clear frameworks, to ensure that its high standards are maintained both within the Group’s businesses and with the business relationships.

S172(1) (F) "The need to act fairly as between members of the company"
After weighing up all relevant factors, the Director considers which course of action best enables delivery of our strategy through the long-term, taking into consideration the impact on stakeholders. In doing so, our director acts fairly as between the group's members.

Culture

The Board recognizes that it has an important role in assessing and monitoring that our desired culture is embedded in the values, attitudes, and behaviours we demonstrate, including in our activities and stakeholder relationships. The Board has established honesty, integrity, and respect for people as Konexus Holdings' core values. The General Business Principles, Code of Conduct, and Code of Ethics help everyone at the Group act in line with these values and comply with relevant laws and regulations. The Konexus Holdings commitment and Policy on Health, Safety, Security, Environment & Social Performance applies across the Group and is designed to help protect people and the environment. We also strive to maintain a diverse and inclusive culture.

Stakeholder engagement (including employee engagement)

The Board recognizes the important role the Group must play in society and is deeply committed to public collaboration and stakeholder engagement. This commitment is at the heart of Konexus Holdings’ strategic ambitions. The Board strongly believes that the Group will only succeed by working with customers, regulators, business partners, investors. and other stakeholders.


This report was approved by the board on 19 June 2026 and signed on its behalf.



B P Singh
Director

Page 6

 
KONEXUS HOLDINGS LIMITED
 
 
 
DIRECTOR'S REPORT
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025

The director presents his report and the financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2025.

Director's responsibilities statement

The director is responsible for preparing the Group strategic report, Director's report and the consolidated financial statements, in accordance with applicable law.

Company law requires the director to prepare consolidated financial statements for each financial year. Under that law he has elected to prepare the consolidated financial statements in accordance with UK-adopted international accounting standards in conformity with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006.

Under company law the director must not approve the consolidated financial statements unless he is satisfied that they give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the Group and the Company and of the profit or loss of the Group for that period. In preparing the consolidated financial statements, the director is required to:

select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently;

make judgments and estimates that are reasonable and prudent;

state whether they have been prepared in accordance with IFRS Accounting Standards in conformity with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006, subject to any material departures disclosed and explained in the financial statements;

assess the Group and Company's ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern; and

use the going concern basis of accounting unless he either intends to liquidate the Group or the Company or to cease operations, or has no realistic alternative but to do so.

The director is responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that are sufficient to show and explain the Parent Company's transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the Parent Company and enable them to ensure that the financial statements comply with the Companies Act 2006. He is responsible for such internal control as he determines is necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and has general responsibility for taking such steps as are reasonably open to him to safeguard the assets of the Group and to prevent and detect fraud and other irregularities.

Principal activity

The principal activity of the company during the year was that of a holding company.

The principal activity of the Group during the year was the buying and selling of metal commodities and pulses.

Results and dividends

The profit for the year, after taxation and minority interests, amounted to $809,074 (2024 - $1,944,533).

No dividends were declared and paid in the year (2024 - $Nil).

Director

The director who served during the year was:

B P Singh 

Page 7

 
KONEXUS HOLDINGS LIMITED
 
 
 
DIRECTOR'S REPORT (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
Future developments

Information regarding future developments is set out in the Strategic Report.

Engagement with suppliers, customers and others

Information regarding engagement with suppliers, customers and others is set out in the Strategic Report.

Streamlined Energy and Carbon Reporting ("SECR")

The Group consumed less than 40,000 kWh of energy in the UK during the year and is therefore exempt from SECR disclosure under the Low Energy User Exemption.

Disclosure of information to auditor

The director at the time when this Director's report is approved has confirmed that:
 
so far as he is aware, there is no relevant audit information of which the Company and the Group's auditor is unaware, and

he has taken all the steps that ought to have been taken as a director in order to be aware of any relevant audit information and to establish that the Company and the Group's auditor is aware of that information.

Auditor

The auditor, Barnes Roffe Audit Limitedwill be proposed for reappointment in accordance with section 485 of the Companies Act 2006.

This report was approved by the board on 19 June 2026 and signed on its behalf.
 



B P Singh
Director
Page 8

 
KONEXUS HOLDINGS LIMITED
 
 
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR'S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF KONEXUS HOLDINGS LIMITED
 

Opinion


We have audited the financial statements of Konexus Holdings Limited (the 'Parent Company') and its subsidiaries (the 'Group') for the year ended 31 December 2025 which comprise the Consolidated statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive incomethe Consolidated statement of financial position, the Company Statement of financial positionthe Consolidated statement of cash flowsthe Consolidated statement of changes in equity and the related notes, including a summary of material accounting policies set out on pages 21 - 28. The financial reporting framework that has been applied in the preparation of the financial statements is applicable law and International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs), as adopted by the United Kingdom. 

In our opinion:

the financial statements give a true and fair view of the state of the Group's and the Parent Company's affairs as at 31 December 2025 and of the Group's profit for the year then ended;

the Group financial statements have been properly prepared in accordance with UK-adopted international accounting standards; and

the financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006.

Basis for opinion


We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and applicable law. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the auditor's responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements section of our report. We are independent of the Group and the Parent Company in accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in the United Kingdom, including the Financial Reporting Council's Ethical Standard and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.

Conclusions relating to going concern


In auditing the financial statements, we have concluded that the director's use of the going concern basis of accounting in the preparation of the financial statements is appropriate. Our evaluation of the director's assessment of the Group's and the Parent Company's ability to continue to adopt the going concern basis of accounting included:

Challenge of the reasonableness of estimates made by the directors and related disclosures,
Review financial resources of the Group and its ability to continue operations over the going concern period.

Based on the work we have performed, we have not identified any material uncertainties relating to events or conditions that, individually or collectively, may cast significant doubt on the Group's or the Parent Company's ability to continue as a going concern for a period of at least twelve months from when the financial statements are authorised for issue.

Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of the director with respect to going concern are described in the relevant sections of this report.

Page 9

 
KONEXUS HOLDINGS LIMITED
 
 
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR'S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF KONEXUS HOLDINGS LIMITED (CONTINUED)


Other information


The other information comprises the information included in the Annual report, other than the financial statements and our auditor's report thereon.  The directors are responsible for the other information contained within the Annual reportOur opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and, except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in our report, we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon. Our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the course of the audit, or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If we identify such material inconsistencies or apparent material misstatements, we are required to determine whether this gives rise to a material misstatement in the financial statements themselves. If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact. 

We have nothing to report in this regard.

Opinion on other matters prescribed by the Companies Act 2006


In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of the audit: 

the information given in the Group strategic report and the Director's report for the financial year for which the financial statements are prepared is consistent with the financial statements; and

the Group strategic report and the Director's report has been prepared in accordance with applicable legal requirements.


Page 10

 
KONEXUS HOLDINGS LIMITED
 
 
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR'S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF KONEXUS HOLDINGS LIMITED (CONTINUED)


Matters on which we are required to report by exception

In the light of the knowledge and understanding of the Group and the Parent Company and its environment obtained in the course of the audit, we have not identified material misstatements in the Group strategic report or the Director's report.

We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters in relation to which the Companies Act 2006 requires us to report to you if, in our opinion:

adequate accounting records have not been kept by the Parent Company, or returns adequate for our audit have not been received from branches not visited by us; or

the Parent Company financial statements are not in agreement with the accounting records and returns; or

certain disclosures of director's remuneration specified by law are not made; or

we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit.


Responsibilities of directors

As explained more fully in the director's responsibilities statement on page 7, the director is responsible for the preparation of the financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair view, and for such internal control as the director determines is necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.

In preparing the financial statements, the director is responsible for assessing the Group's and the Parent Company's ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the director either intends to liquidate the Group or the Parent Company or to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so.

Auditor's responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor's report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements.

Irregularities, including fraud, are instances of non-compliance with laws and regulations. We design procedures in line with our responsibilities, outlined above, to detect material misstatements in respect of irregularities, including fraud. The extent to which our procedures are capable of detecting irregularities, including fraud is detailed below:

We obtained an understanding of the legal and regulatory frameworks that are applicable to the Company and determined that the most significant are directly relevant to specific assertions in the financial statements are those that relate to the reporting framework (UK adopted international accounting standards and the Companies Act 2006), the relevant tax compliance regulations in the jurisdictions in which the Group operates, Health and Safety Regulations, Bribery Act and the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR).
 
Page 11

 
KONEXUS HOLDINGS LIMITED
 
 
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR'S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF KONEXUS HOLDINGS LIMITED (CONTINUED)


We understood how the Group is complying with those frameworks through enquiry with management, and by identifying the Group’s policies and procedures regarding compliance with laws and regulations. We also identified those members of management who have the primary responsibility for those ensuring compliance with laws and regulations, and for reporting any known instances of non-compliance to those charged with governance.
We assessed the susceptibility of the Group's financial statements to material misstatement, including how fraud might occur by reviewing the Group’s risk register, enquiry with management of the Group during planning and execution phases of the audit. We relied on those procedures performed during the audit and followed up with enquiries of management on any new developments during the audit of the Group and Parent Company.
Based on this understanding we designed our audit procedures to identify non-compliance with such laws and regulations. Our procedures involved:
°Inquiry of members of senior management, and when appropriate those charged with governance regarding their knowledge of any non-compliance or potential non-compliance with laws and regulations that could affect the financial statements.
°Reading minutes of meetings of those charged with governance.
°Obtaining and reading correspondence from legal and regulatory bodies; and
°Journal entry testing, with a focus on manual journals and journal indicating large or unusual transactions based on our understanding of the business.

Because of the inherent limitations of an audit, there is a risk that we will not detect all irregularities, including those leading to a material misstatement in the financial statements or non-compliance with regulation. This risk increases the more that compliance with a law or regulation is removed from the events and transactions reflected in the financial statements, as we will be less likely to become aware of instances of non-compliance.  The risk is also greater regarding irregularities occurring due to fraud rather than error, as fraud involves intentional concealment, forgery, collusion, omission or misrepresentation.

A further description of our responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements is located on the Financial Reporting Council's website at: www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities. This description forms part of our auditor's report.




 
 
Selven Iyaroo (Senior statutory auditor)
for and on behalf of
Barnes Roffe Audit Limited
Chartered Accountants
Statutory Auditor
Leytonstone House
3 Hanbury Drive
London
E11 1GA

19 June 2026
Page 12

 
KONEXUS HOLDINGS LIMITED
 
 
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF PROFIT OR LOSS AND OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025


2025
2024
          Note
$
$

  

Revenue
 5 
252,200,673
178,609,276

Cost of sales
  
(238,763,683)
(170,292,845)

Gross profit
  
13,436,990
8,316,431

  

Other operating income
 6 
98,465
-

Administrative expenses
  
(7,631,758)
(3,907,559)

Other expenses
  
(17,091)
60,360

Profit from operations
  
5,886,606
4,469,232

  

Finance income
 10 
47,705
21,024

Finance expense
 10 
(5,019,852)
(2,196,093)

Income from fixed assets and dividends
  
159,703
-

Profit before tax
  
1,074,162
2,294,163

  

Tax expense
 11 
(32,571)
(85,959)

Profit for the year
  
1,041,591
2,208,204


Total comprehensive income
  
1,041,591
2,208,204

Profit for the year attributable to:
  

Owners of the parent
  
809,074
1,944,533

Non-controlling interests
  
232,517
263,671

  
1,041,591
2,208,204



  

  

The notes on pages 21 to 44 form part of these financial statements.

Page 13

 
KONEXUS HOLDINGS LIMITED
REGISTERED NUMBER: 12912954
 
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION
AS AT 31 DECEMBER 2025


2025
2024
                                                                                                        Note
$
$

Assets

Non-current assets
  

Property, plant and equipment
 12 
5,181,600
4,631,957

Intangible assets
 13 
(99,785)
(164,608)

Trade and other receivables
 16 
1,750,000
1,750,235

  
6,831,815
6,217,584

Current assets
  

Inventories
 15 
48,929,071
37,328,457

Trade and other receivables
 16 
38,382,435
26,078,955

Derivative financial assets
  
2,145,600
545,665

Cash and cash equivalents
  
4,852,316
15,909,824

  
94,309,422
79,862,901

  

Total assets

  

101,141,237
86,080,485
Page 14

 
KONEXUS HOLDINGS LIMITED
REGISTERED NUMBER: 12912954
 
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION (CONTINUED)
AS AT 31 DECEMBER 2025


2025
2024
Note
$
$

Liabilities

Non-current liabilities
  

Trade and other liabilities
 17 
-
4,670

Loans and borrowings
 18 
258,843
317,622

Deferred tax liability
 11 
(36,097)
(34,888)

  
222,746
287,404

Current liabilities
  

Trade and other liabilities
 17 
19,253,977
45,295,175

Loans and borrowings
 18 
67,337,450
27,200,320

Provisions
 19 
-
12,113

  
86,591,427
72,507,608

  

Total liabilities
  
86,814,173
72,795,012

  

  

Net assets
  
14,327,064
13,285,473


Issued capital and reserves attributable to owners of the parent
  

Share capital
 20 
10,843,934
10,843,934

Other reserves
  
338,668
185,267

Retained earnings
  
2,386,087
1,730,414

  
13,568,689
12,759,615

  

Non-controlling interest
  
758,375
525,858

TOTAL EQUITY
  
14,327,064
13,285,473

The financial statements on pages 13 to 44 were approved and authorised for issue by the board of director on 19 June 2026 and were signed on its behalf by:

B P Singh
Director

The notes on pages 21 to 44 form part of these financial statements.

Page 15

 
KONEXUS HOLDINGS LIMITED
REGISTERED NUMBER: 12912954
 
 
COMPANY STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION
AS AT 31 DECEMBER 2025


2025
2024
Note
$
$

Assets

Non-current assets
  

Other non-current investments
  
44,757,706
44,771,319

Current assets
  

Cash and cash equivalents
  
23
280

  

Total assets

  

44,757,729
44,771,599
Page 16

 
KONEXUS HOLDINGS LIMITED
REGISTERED NUMBER: 12912954
 
 
COMPANY STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION (CONTINUED)
AS AT 31 DECEMBER 2025

2025
2024
Note
$
$

Liabilities

Non-current liabilities
  

Current liabilities
  

Trade and other liabilities
 17 
84,549
74,637

  

Total liabilities
  
84,549
74,637

  

  

Net assets
  
44,673,180
44,696,962


Issued capital and reserves attributable to owners of the parent
  

Share capital
 20 
10,843,934
10,843,934

Retained earnings
  
33,829,246
33,853,028

TOTAL EQUITY
  
44,673,180
44,696,962

The Company's loss for the year was $23,782 (2024 - $159).

The financial statements on pages 13 to 44 were approved and authorised for issue by the board of director on 19 June 2026 and were signed on its behalf by:

B P Singh
Director

The notes on pages 21 to 44 form part of these financial statements.

Page 17

 
KONEXUS HOLDINGS LIMITED

 
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025



Share capital
Other reserves
Retained earnings
Total attributable to equity holders of parent
Non-controlling interest
Total equity


$
$
$
$
$
$

At 1 January 2024
10,843,934
2,239
(31,091)
10,815,082
262,187
11,077,269

Comprehensive income for the year



Profit for the year
-
-
1,944,533
1,944,533
263,671
2,208,204

Total comprehensive income for the year
-
-
1,944,533
1,944,533
263,671
2,208,204

Contributions by and distributions to owners







Transfer to/from retained earnings
-
183,028
-
183,028
-
183,028

Transfers between other reserves
-
-
(183,028)
(183,028)
-
(183,028)

At 31 December 2024
10,843,934
185,267
1,730,414
12,759,615
525,858
13,285,473

At 1 January 2025
10,843,934
185,267
1,730,414
12,759,615
525,858
13,285,473

Comprehensive income for the year



Profit for the year
-
-
809,074
809,074
232,517
1,041,591

Total comprehensive income for the year
-
-
809,074
809,074
232,517
1,041,591

Contributions by and distributions to owners







Transfer to/from retained earnings
-
153,401
-
153,401
-
153,401

Transfers between other reserves
-
-
(153,401)
(153,401)
-
(153,401)

At 31 December 2025
10,843,934
338,668
2,386,087
13,568,689
758,375
14,327,064

The notes on pages 21 to 44 form part of these financial statements.

Page 18

 
KONEXUS HOLDINGS LIMITED

 
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025


2025
2024
Note
$
$

Cash flows from operating activities
  

Profit for the year
  
1,041,591
2,208,204

Adjustments for
  

Depreciation of property, plant and equipment
 12 
312,233
214,613

Loss on disposal of tangible fixed assets
 12 
-
1,162

Amortisation of intangible fixed assets
 13 
(64,783)
(65,092)

Release of current asset investments
  
281,385
-

Finance income
 10 
-
(21,024)

Finance expense
 10 
5,019,852
2,196,093

Investment income received
  
(404,250)
-

Income tax expense
 11 
68,668
163,559

  
6,254,696
4,697,515

Movements in working capital:
  

Increase in trade and other receivables
  
(11,708,988)
(9,015,535)

Increase in inventories
  
(13,884,306)
(32,799,143)

(Decrease)/increase in trade and other payables
  
(26,456,491)
27,746,970

(Decrease)/increase in provisions and employee benefits
  
(16,025)
16,025

Increase/(decrease) in other liabilities
  
535,307
(240,029)

Cash generated from operations
  
(45,275,807)
(9,594,197)

  

Net cash used in operating activities

  
(45,275,807)
(9,594,197)

Cash flows from investing activities
  

Purchases of property, plant and equipment
  
(863,884)
(453,248)

Sale of property, plant and equipment
  
-
90,194

Purchase of intangibles
 13 
-
(18,664)

Purchase of fixed asset investments
  
-
(61,967)

On acquisition of subsidiary
  
-
205,176

HP interest paid
  
(31,982)
(11,411)

Interest received
  
-
21,024

Investment income received
  
404,250
-

Net cash used in investing activities

  
(491,616)
(228,896)
Page 19

 
KONEXUS HOLDINGS LIMITED

 
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025









2025
2024




$
$



Cash flows from financing activities
  

Proceeds of new loans
  
39,813,549
20,919,952

Repayment of loans
  
-
(50,407)

Payments of finance lease creditors
  
(115,764)
382,741

Interest paid
  
(4,987,870)
(2,184,682)

Net cash from financing activities
  
34,709,915
19,067,604

Net (decrease)/increase in cash and cash equivalents
  
(11,057,508)
9,244,511

  

Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of year
  
15,909,824
6,665,313

Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the year
  
4,852,316
15,909,824

The notes on pages 21 to 44 form part of these financial statements.

Page 20

 
KONEXUS HOLDINGS LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025

1.Accounting policies

 
1.1

Basis of consolidation

The consolidated financial statements incorporate the financial statements of the Company and entities (including structured entities) controlled by the Company and its subsidiaries. Control is achieved when the Company:
has power over the investee;
is exposed, or has rights, to variable returns from its involvement with the investee; and
has the ability to use its power to affect its returns.

The Company reassesses whether or not it controls an investee if facts and circumstances indicate that there are changes to one or more of the three elements of control listed above.

When the Company has less than a majority of the voting rights of an investee, it has power over the investee when the voting rights are sufficient to give it the practical ability to direct the relevant activities of the investee unilaterally. The Company considers all relevant facts and circumstances in assessing whether or not the Company's voting rights in an investee are sufficient to give it power, including:
the size of the Company's holding of voting rights relative to the size and dispersion of holdings of the other vote holders;
potential voting rights held by the Company, other vote holders or other parties;
rights arising from other contractual arrangements; and
any additional facts and circumstances that indicate that the Company has, or does not have, the current ability to direct the relevant activities at this time that decisions need to be made, including voting patterns at previous shareholders' meetings.

Consolidation of a subsidiary begins when the Company obtains control over the subsidiary and ceases when the Company loses control of the subsidiary. Specifically, income and expenses of a subsidiary acquired or disposed of during the year are included in the consolidated statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income from the date the Company gains control until the date when the Company ceases to control the subsidiary.

Profit or loss and each component of other comprehensive income are attributed to the owners of the Company and to the non-controlling interests. Total comprehensive income of subsidiaries is attributed to the owners of the Company and to the non-controlling interests even if this results in the non-controlling interests having a deficit balance.

When necessary, adjustments are made to the financial statements of subsidiaries to bring their accounting policies into line with the Group's accounting policies.

All intragroup assets and liabilities, equity, income, expenses and cash flows relating to transactions between members of the Group are eliminated in full on consolidation.

Page 21

 
KONEXUS HOLDINGS LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025

1.Accounting policies (continued)

 
1.2

Goodwill

Goodwill arising on an acquisition of a business is carried at cost as established at the date of acquisition of the business less accumulated impairment losses, if any.

For the purposes of impairment testing, goodwill is allocated to each of the Group's cash-generating units (or groups of cash-generating units) that is expected to benefit from the synergies of the combination.

A cash-generating unit to which goodwill has been allocated is tested for impairment annually, or more frequently when there is an indication that the unit may be impaired. If the recoverable amount of the cash-generating unit is less than its carrying amount, the impairment loss is allocated first to reduce the carrying amount of any goodwill allocated to the unit and then to the other assets of the unit pro rata based on the carrying amount of each asset in the unit. Any impairment loss for goodwill is recognised directly in profit or loss. An impairment loss recognised for goodwill is not reversed in subsequent periods.

On disposal of the relevant cash-generating unit, the attributable amount of goodwill is included in the determination of the profit or loss on disposal.

 
1.3

Revenue

Revenue is measured based on the consideration specified in a contract with a customer and excludes amounts collected on behalf of third parties. The Group recognises revenue when it transfers control over a product or service to a customer.

The Group does not expect to have any contracts where the period between the transfer of the promised goods or services to the customer and payment by the customer exceeds one year. As a consequence, the Group does not adjust any of the transaction prices for the time value of money.

  
1.4

Leasing

Leases are classified as finance leases whenever the terms of the lease transfer substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership to the lessee. All other leases are classified as operating leases.

Page 22

 
KONEXUS HOLDINGS LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025

1.Accounting policies (continued)


1.5

Foreign currency translation

Functional and presentation currency

The Company's functional and presentational currency is USD.

Transactions and balances

Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using the spot exchange rates at the dates of the transactions.

At each period end foreign currency monetary items are translated using the closing rate. Non-monetary items measured at historical cost are translated using the exchange rate at the date of the transaction and non-monetary items measured at fair value are measured using the exchange rate when fair value was determined.

Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of transactions and from the translation at period-end exchange rates of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are recognised in profit or loss except when deferred in other comprehensive income as qualifying cash flow hedges.

On consolidation, the results of overseas operations are translated into Dollars at rates approximating to those ruling when the transactions took place. All assets and liabilities of overseas operations are translated at the rate ruling at the reporting date. Exchange differences arising on translating the opening net assets at opening rate and the results of overseas operations at actual rate are recognised in other comprehensive income.


1.6

Borrowing costs

Borrowing costs directly attributable to the acquisition, construction or production of qualifying assets, which are assets that necessarily take a substantial period of time to get ready for their intended use or sale, are added to the cost of those assets, until such time as the assets are substantially ready for their intended use or sale.

Investment income earned on the temporary investment of specific borrowings pending their expenditure on qualifying assets is deducted from the borrowing costs eligible for capitalisation.

All other borrowing costs are recognised in profit or loss in the period in which they are incurred.

Page 23

 
KONEXUS HOLDINGS LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025

1.Accounting policies (continued)

 
1.7

Government grants

Government grants are not recognised until there is reasonable assurance that the Group will comply with the conditions attaching to them and that the grants will be received.

Government grants are recognised in profit or loss on a systematic basis over the periods in which the Group recognises as expenses the related costs for which the grants are intended to compensate. Specifically, government grants whose primary condition is that the Group should purchase, construct or otherwise acquire non-current assets are recognised as deferred revenue in the consolidated statement of financial position and transferred to profit or loss on a systematic and rational basis over the useful lives of the related assets.

Government grants that are receivable as compensation for expenses or losses already incurred or for the purpose of giving immediate financial support to the Group with no future related costs are recognised in profit or loss in the period in which they become receivable.

The benefit of a government loan at a below-market rate of interest is treated as a government grant, measured as the difference between proceeds received and the fair value of the loan based on prevailing market interest rates.

  
1.8

Employee benefits


Contributions from employees to third parties to defined benefit plans

Discretionary contributions made by employees or third parties reduce service cost upon payment of these contributions to the plan.

When the formal terms of the plans specify that there will be contributions from employees or third parties, the accounting depends on whether the contributions are linked to service, as follows:
If the contributions are not linked to services (e.g. contributions are required to reduce a deficit arising from losses on plan assets or from actuarial losses), they are reflected in the remeasurement of the net defined benefit liability (asset).
If contributions are linked to services, they reduce service costs. For the amount of contribution that is dependent on the number of years of service, the entity reduces service cost by attributing the contributions to periods of service using the attribution method required by IAS 19 paragraph 70 for the gross benefits. For the amount of contribution that is independent of the number of years of service, the entity reduces service cost by attributing contributions to the employees’ periods of service in accordance with IAS 19 paragraph 70.

Page 24

 
KONEXUS HOLDINGS LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025

1.Accounting policies (continued)

 
1.9

Taxation

Income tax expense represents the sum of the tax currently payable and deferred tax.

Current and deferred taxation

The tax currently payable is based on taxable profit for the year. Taxable profit differs from ‘profit before tax’ as reported in the consolidated Consolidated statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income because of items of income or expense that are taxable or deductible in other years and items that are never taxable or deductible. The Group's current tax is calculated using tax rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period.

Deferred tax balances are recognised in respect of all timing differences that have originated but not reversed by the balance sheet date, except that:
The recognition of deferred tax assets is limited to the extent that it is probable that they will be recovered against the reversal of deferred tax liabilities or other future taxable profits;
Any deferred tax balances are reversed if and when all conditions for retaining associated tax allowances have been met; and
Where they relate to timing differences in respect of interests in subsidiaries, associates, branches and joint ventures and the Group can control the reversal of the timing differences and such reversal is not considered probable in the foreseeable future.

Deferred tax balances are not recognised in respect of permanent differences except in respect of business combinations, when deferred tax is recognised on the differences between the fair values of assets acquired and the future tax deductions available for them and the differences between the fair values of liabilities acquired and the amount that will be assessed for tax. Deferred tax is determined using tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date.

 
1.10

Property, plant and equipment

Items of property, plant and equipment are measured at cost less accumulated depreciation and any accumulated impairment losses.

If significant parts of an item of property, plant and equipment have different useful lives, then they are accounted for as separate items (major components) of property, plant and equipment. Any gain or loss on disposal of an item of property, plant and equipment is recognised in profit or loss. Subsequent expenditure is capitalised only if it is probable that the future economic benefits associated with the expenditure will flow to the Group.

Depreciation is provided on all other items of property, plant and equipment so as to write off their carrying value over their expected useful economic lives. It is provided at the following rates:

Freehold property
2.5% straight line basis
Plant and machinery
5% straight line basis
Motor vehicles
20% straight line basis
Fixtures and fittings
10% - 15% straight line basis
Office equipment
25% - 40% straight line basis

Page 25

 
KONEXUS HOLDINGS LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025

1.Accounting policies (continued)


1.11

Intangible assets

Goodwill

Goodwill represents the difference between amounts paid on the cost of a business combination and the acquirer’s interest in the fair value of the Group's share of its identifiable assets and liabilities of the acquiree at the date of acquisition. Subsequent to initial recognition, goodwill is measured at cost less accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses. Goodwill is amortised on a straight-line basis to the Consolidated statement of comprehensive income over its useful economic life.


1.12

Inventories

Stocks consist of ferrous and non-ferrous metals held by the Company and are valued at fair value less costs to sell in accordance with the alternative accounting rules permitted by the Companies Act 2006 and with the provisions of IAS 2. The entity operates in an active metal market and there is a liquid market for the stock on the London Market Exchange (LME). 

All metals are valued at period end closing values as published by the London Market Exchange (LME), an internationally recognised and readily available pricing mechanism. Any changes in fair value are recognised in the profit and loss account in the period in which they occur.

Post period-end diminution in value will only be considered as an indicator of impairment of metal stocks to the extent that the total diminution of metal stocks is material after considering the derivative contracts on metals in place at the year end. In other words, impairment is only considered to the extent the Company has a net metal stock exposure.


1.13

Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash on hand and demand deposits, together with other short-term, highly liquid investments maturing within 90 days from the date of acquisition that are readily convertible into known amounts of cash and which are subject to an insignificant risk of changes in value.


1.14

Creditors

Short-term creditors are measured at the transaction price. Other financial liabilities, including bank loans, are measured initially at fair value, net of transaction costs, and are measured subsequently at amortised cost using the effective interest method.

Page 26

 
KONEXUS HOLDINGS LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025

1.Accounting policies (continued)

 
1.15

Provisions

Provisions are recognised when the Group has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, it is probable that the Group will be required to settle the obligation, and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation.

The amount recognised as a provision is the best estimate of the consideration required to settle the present obligation at the end of the reporting period, taking into account the risks and uncertainties surrounding the obligation. When a provision is measured using the cash flows estimated to settle the present obligation, its carrying amount is the present value of those cash flows (when the effect of the time value of money is material).

When some or all of the economic benefits required to settle a provision are expected to be recovered from a third party, a receivable is recognised as an asset if it is virtually certain that reimbursement will be received and the amount of the receivable can be measured reliably.

 
1.16

Financial instruments

Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognised when a Group entity becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instruments.

Financial assets and financial liabilities are initially measured at fair value. Transaction costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or issue of financial assets and financial liabilities (other than financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss) are added to or deducted from the fair value of the financial assets or financial liabilities, as appropriate, on initial recognition. Transaction costs directly attributable to the acquisition of financial assets or financial liabilities at fair value through profit or loss are recognised immediately in profit or loss.

  
1.17

Derivative financial instruments

The Group enters into a variety of derivative financial instruments to manage its exposure to interest rate and foreign exchange rate risks, including foreign exchange forward contracts, interest rate swaps and cross currency swaps.

Derivatives are initially recognised at fair value at the date the derivative contracts are entered into and are subsequently remeasured to their fair value at the end of each reporting period. The resulting gain or loss is recognised in profit or loss immediately unless the derivative is designated and effective as a hedging instrument, in which event the timing of the recognition in profit or loss depends on the nature of the hedge relationship.

Derivatives embedded in non-derivative host contracts that are not financial assets within the scope of IFRS 9 (e.g. financial liabilities) are treated as separate derivatives when they meet the definition of a derivative, their risks and characteristics are not closely related to those of the host contracts and the host contracts are not measured at FVTPL. Derivatives embedded in hybrid contracts that contain financial asset hosts within the scope of IFRS 9 are not separated. The entire hybrid contract is classified and subsequently measured at either amortised cost or FVTPL as appropriate.

 
1.18

Dividends

Dividends are recognised when they become legally payable. In the case of interim dividends to equity shareholders, this is when declared by the directors. In the case of final dividends, this is when approved by the shareholders at the AGM.

Page 27

 
KONEXUS HOLDINGS LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025

1.Accounting policies (continued)

 
1.19

Non-controlling interests

For business combinations completed prior to 1 January 2010, the Group initially recognised any non-controlling interest in the acquiree at the non-controlling interest's proportionate share of the acquiree's net assets. For business combinations completed on or after 1 January 2010 the Group has the choice, on a transaction by transaction basis, to initially recognise any non-controlling interest in the acquiree which is a present ownership interest and entitles its holders to a proportionate share of the entity's net assets in the event of liquidation at either acquisition date fair value or, at the present ownership instruments' proportionate share in the recognised amounts of the acquiree's identifiable net assets. Other components of non-controlling interest such as outstanding share options are generally measured at fair value. The Group has not elected to take the option to use fair value in acquisitions completed to date.

From 1 January 2010, the total comprehensive income of non-wholly owned subsidiaries is attributed to owners of the parent and to the non-controlling interests in proportion to their relative ownership interests. Before this date, unfunded losses in such subsidiaries were attributed entirely to the Group. In accordance with the transitional requirements of IAS 27 (2008), the carrying value of non-controlling interests at the effective date of amendment has not been restated.


2.


Reporting entity

The consolidated financial statements of Konexus Holdings Limited (the "Company") and subsidiaries (the "Group") for the year ended 31 December 2025 were authorised for issue in accordance with a resolution of the board of directors.

The Company is a private limited company by shares and registered in England and Wales. The registered office of the Company is 14 Brook's Mews, London, W1K 4DG. The entity is domiciled and incorporated in the United Kingdom ("UK").

The Group is primarily involved in the buying and selling of metal and pulses commodities.

Page 28

 
KONEXUS HOLDINGS LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025

3.


Basis of preparation

The Group's consolidated and the Company's individual financial statements have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards, International Accounting Standards and Interpretations as adopted by the UK (collectively IFRSs). They were authorised for issue by the Company's board of directors on 19 June 2026.

Details of the Group's accounting policies, including changes during the year, are included in note 1.

The Company has taken advantage of the exemption available under section 408 of the Companies Act 2006 and elected not to present its own Statement of comprehensive income in these financial statements.

In preparing these financial statements, management has made judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the application of the Group accounting policies and the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, income and expenses. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

Estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to estimates are recognised prospectively.

The areas where judgments and estimates have been made in preparing the consolidated financial statements and their effects are disclosed in note 4.

Transition to International Financial Reporting Standards

For all accounting periods up to and including the year ended 31 December 2024, the Group prepared its financial statements in accordance with UK Generally Accepted Accounting Practice ("UK GAAP"). These financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2025 are the first to have been prepared using IFRS. The impact of the transition to IFRS on 1 January 2024 is shown in 3.1 and 3.2 below.

Going concern

The financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis, which assumes that the Group will continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future. As part of the assessment of the appropriateness of adopting the going concern basis when preparing the financial statements, the director has considered the current strength of the Group’s liquidity, recent trading performance indicators and the potential impact of forecast scenarios on the Group’s financial position over the period of its assessment. The director is confident that the Group has adequate liquidity for the period through to June 2027.


3.1 Basis of measurement

The financial statements have been prepared on the historical cost basis except for the following items, which are measured on an alternative basis on each reporting date.


Items

Measurement basis


Trade receivables
Following the adoption of IFRS, the valuation trade receivables has been treated as the trade receivable amount less the expected credit loss provision as per IFRS 9.

Page 29

 
KONEXUS HOLDINGS LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025

3.Basis of preparation (continued)


3.2 Changes in accounting policies

i) New standards, interpretations and amendments effective from 1 January 2024

On adoption of IFRS, the Company chose to adopt the Expected Credit Loss approach as set put under IFRS 9. In light of this, the balances within trade and other receivables have been reviewed for the impact of the transition. Upon review of these balances, the transitional impact is not material to the Company or Group financial statements. As a result of this, no transitional restatement has been made within the accounts.

Further to this, following the adoption IFRS, the Company and Group are required to report the capitalisation of leases under IFRS 16. This has also been reviewed for the impact to prior year accounts, and we note that this is also not a material impact to the financial statements. As such, no adjustment has been recognised in relation to operating leases in the prior year.

Per the above, the transition to IFRS has not had a material impact on the financial statements and as such no further disclosures are required within the Company or Group financial statements.


4.


Accounting estimates and judgments


4.1 Estimates and assumptions

Stock valuation basis

As described in note 1.12 above the Group values stocks of ferrous and non-ferrous metals at fair value. This policy is in accordance with the alternative accounting rules permitted by the Companies Act 2006 and per IAS 2. This is a departure from the general requirement to value stocks at cost less estimated selling price less costs to complete and sell. The Director believe that unless a policy of valuing stocks at fair value is adopted the accounts would not provide a true and fair view.

Stock provisions

There is estimation uncertainty in calculating stock provisions. The Group holds short-term investments as hedging instruments. Stock is reviewed and where necessary provisions are made for any items returned post year end.

Impairment of debtors

The Group makes an estimate of the recoverable value of trade and other debtors. When assessing impairment of trade and other debtors, management considers factors including the current credit rating of the debtor, the ageing profile of debtors and historical experience.

Page 30

 
KONEXUS HOLDINGS LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025

5.


Revenue


The following is an analysis of the Group's revenue for the year from continuing operations:


2025
2024
$
$


Sale of goods
251,686,522
178,466,590

Rent receivable
-
142,686

Other income
514,151
-

252,200,673
178,609,276


Analysis of revenue by country of destination:

2025
2024
$
$


United Kingdom
20,739,304
36,229,969

Rest of Europe
108,250,614
124,801,718

Rest of the world
123,210,755
17,577,589

252,200,673
178,609,276


6.


Other operating income

2025
2024
$
$


Government grants receivable
98,465
-


7.


Expenses by nature

2025
2024
$
$


Raw materials and consumables used
226,726,229
165,129,953

Employee costs
2,945,088
2,500,061

Transportation expenses
9,658,953
4,096,796

Page 31

 
KONEXUS HOLDINGS LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025

8.


Auditor's remuneration

During the year, the Group obtained the following services from the Company's auditor:


2025
2024
$
$

Fees payable to the Company's auditor for the audit of the consolidated and parent Company's financial statements
19,518
27,744

Fees payable to the Company's auditor and its associates in respect of:
-
-

The auditing of accounts of associates of the Company
142,515
61,300


9.


Employee benefit expenses

Group


2025
2024
$
$

Employee benefit expenses (including director) comprise:

Wages and salaries
2,746,835
2,397,375

National insurance
176,218
95,561

Defined contribution pension cost
22,035
7,325

2,945,088
2,500,261


The monthly average number of persons, including the director, employed by the Group during the year was as follows:


2025
2024
No.
No.

Director
1
1

Staff
124
83

125
84

Page 32

 
KONEXUS HOLDINGS LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025

10.


Finance income and expense

Recognised in profit or loss


2025
2024
$
$
Finance income

Interest on:
- Bank deposits
47,705
21,024

Total interest income arising from financial assets measured at amortised cost or FVOCI
47,705
21,024


Total finance income

47,705
21,024

Finance expense

Bank interest payable
1,232,380
451,442

Interest payable to financial institutions
3,755,490
1,733,240

Hire purchase interest payable
31,982
11,411

Total finance expense
5,019,852
2,196,093


Net finance expense recognised in profit or loss
(4,972,147)
(2,175,069)






Page 33

 
KONEXUS HOLDINGS LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025

11.


Tax expense

11.1 Income tax recognised in profit or loss



2025
2024
$
$

Current tax

Current tax on profits for the year
32,571
129,036

Adjustments in respect of prior years
-
(4,277)

Total current tax
32,571
124,759


Deferred tax expense

Origination and reversal of timing differences
-
(38,800)

Total deferred tax
-
(38,800)


32,571
85,959

The reasons for the difference between the actual tax charge for the year and the standard rate of corporation tax in the United Kingdom applied to profits for the year are as follows:


2025
2024
$
$


Profit for the year
1,041,591
2,208,204

Income tax expense (including income tax on associate, joint venture and discontinued operations)
32,571
85,959

Profit before income taxes
1,074,162
2,294,163


Tax using the Company's domestic tax rate of 25% (2024:25%)
268,541
573,541

Non-tax deductible amortisation of goodwill and impairment
(16,196)
(16,273)

Expenses not deductible for tax purposes, other than goodwill, amortisation and impairment
-
8,629

Capital allowances for the year in excess of depreciation
-
19

Utilisation of tax losses
(2,539)
(53,785)

Adjustments to tax charge in respect of prior periods
-
(4,277)

Non-taxable income
(39,926)
(12,605)

Unrelieved tax losses carried forward
220,723
21,720

Effect of overseas tax rates
(398,032)
(431,010)

Total tax expense
32,571
85,959

There were no factors that may affect future tax charges.

Page 34

 
KONEXUS HOLDINGS LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025

12.


Property, plant and equipment


Group





Freehold property
Plant and machinery
Motor vehicles
Fixtures and fittings
Total

$
$
$
$
$



Cost or valuation







At 1 January 2024
-
4,380,069
19,875
35,283
4,435,227


Additions
2,972
103,871
329,790
16,615
453,248


Acquisition of subsidiary
-
3,826
49,768
8,373
61,967


Disposals
-
(45,879)
(51,095)
-
(96,974)


Transfers between classes
883,480
(883,480)
-
-
-



At 31 December 2024
886,452
3,558,407
348,338
60,271
4,853,468


Additions
408,158
303,774
136,697
15,255
863,884


Disposals
-
-
(4,667)
(3,872)
(8,539)



At 31 December 2025
1,294,610
3,862,181
480,368
71,654
5,708,813


Freehold property
Plant and machinery
Motor vehicles
Fixtures and fittings
Total

$
$
$
$
$



Accumulated depreciation and impairment







At 1 January 2024
-
143
453
13,426
14,022


Charge owned for the year
20,391
161,323
10,836
7,218
199,768


Charged financed for the year
-
-
13,339
-
13,339


Disposals
-
-
(5,618)
-
(5,618)



At 31 December 2024
20,391
161,466
19,010
20,644
221,511


Charge owned for the year
35,384
193,995
2,186
12,009
243,574


Charged financed for the year
-
-
70,667
-
70,667


Disposals
-
-
(4,667)
(3,872)
(8,539)



At 31 December 2025
55,775
355,461
87,196
28,781
527,213



Net book value


At 31 December 2024
866,061
3,396,941
329,328
39,627
4,631,957


At 31 December 2025
1,238,835
3,506,720
393,172
42,873
5,181,600

Page 35

 
KONEXUS HOLDINGS LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025

12.Property, plant and equipment (continued)


12.1. Assets held under leases


The net book value of owned and leased assets included as "Property, plant and equipment" in the Consolidated statement of financial position is as follows:

31 December 2025
31 December 2024
$
$


Property, plant and equipment owned
4,426,661
4,165,506

Right-of-use assets, excluding investment property
754,939
466,451

5,181,600
4,631,957

Information about right-of-use assets is summarised below:

Net book value

31 December 2025
31 December 2024
$
$

Property
471,939
112,784

Motor vehicles
283,000
353,667

754,939
466,451

Depreciation charge for the year ended

31 December 2025
31 December 2024
$
$

Motor vehicles
70,667
13,339

Page 36

 
KONEXUS HOLDINGS LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025

13.


Intangible assets

Group





Goodwill
Negative goodwill
Total

$
$
$



Cost





At 1 January 2024
-
(342,571)
(342,571)


Additions - external
18,664
-
18,664



At 31 December 2024
18,664
(342,571)
(323,907)



At 31 December 2025
18,664
(342,571)
(323,907)


Goodwill
Negative goodwill
Total

$
$
$



Accumulated amortisation and impairment





At 1 January 2024
-
(94,207)
(94,207)


Charge for the year - owned
3,422
(68,514)
(65,092)



At 31 December 2024
3,422
(162,721)
(159,299)


Charge for the year - owned
3,731
(68,554)
(64,823)


At 31 December 2025
7,153
(231,275)
(224,122)



Net book value


At 1 January 2024
-
(248,364)
(248,364)


At 31 December 2024
15,242
(179,850)
(164,608)


At 31 December 2025
11,511
(111,296)
(99,785)

Page 37

 
KONEXUS HOLDINGS LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025

14.


Subsidiaries

Details of the Group's material subsidiaries at the end of the reporting period are as follows:

Name of subsidiary
Place of incorporation and operation
Proportion of ownership interest and voting power held by the Group (%)


2025
2024






1Konexus Resources Pte Ltd


Singapore
 
100

100

2Konexus International Solutions Pvt Ltd


India
 
100

100

3Konexus Agri Limited


UK
 
100

100

4Energenix Global (Thailand) Co. Limited


Thailand
 
49

49

5Konexus Resources Inc


USA
 
100

100

6Konexus Resources Canada Ltd


Canada
 
100

100

7Konexus Agri International Co. WLL


Bahrain
 
100

100

8Konexys Resources B.V


Netherlands
 
100

100

9Konexus Resources DMCC


UAE
 
100

100

10Konexus Aluminium International Co. WLL


Bahrain
 
85

85

11Konexus Resources Group Limited


UK
 
100

100

12Konexus Wealth Limited


UK
 
100

100


14.1 Composition of the Group

Information about the composition of the Group at the end of the reporting period is as follows:


Company

2025
2024
Note
$
$

Investments in subsidiary companies
 14 
44,757,706
44,771,319

Page 38

 
KONEXUS HOLDINGS LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025

15.


Inventories

Group


2025
2024
$
$



Finished goods and goods for resale
48,929,071
37,328,457

The amount of inventories recognised as an expense during 2025 was $226,726,229 (2024 - $103,745,929).


16.


Trade and other receivables



Group

2025
2024
$
$


Trade receivables
31,744,547
19,446,475

Trade receivables - net
31,744,547
19,446,475

Receivables from related parties
465,306
-

Total financial assets other than cash and cash equivalents classified as loans and receivables
32,209,853
19,446,475

Prepayments and accrued income
2,159,040
452,117

Other receivables
5,763,542
7,930,598

Total trade and other receivables
40,132,435
27,829,190

Less: current portion - trade receivables
(31,744,547)
(19,446,475)

Less: current portion - prepayments and accrued income
(2,159,040)
(452,117)

Less: current portion - other receivables
(4,013,542)
(6,180,363)

Less: current portion - receivables from related parties
(465,306)
-

Total current portion
(38,382,435)
(26,078,955)

Total non-current portion
1,750,000
1,750,235

Page 39

 
KONEXUS HOLDINGS LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025

17.


Trade and other payables



Group

2025
2024
$
$


Trade payables
16,471,891
39,367,649

Payables to related parties
16,899
-

Other payables
1,986,912
928,287

Accruals
696,623
4,877,371

Total financial liabilities, excluding loans and borrowings, classified as financial liabilities measured at amortised cost
19,172,325
45,173,307

Other payables - tax and social security payments
81,652
126,538

Total trade and other payables
19,253,977
45,299,845

Less: current portion - trade payables
(16,471,891)
(39,367,649)

Less: current portion - payables to related parties
(16,899)
-

Less: current portion - other payables
(2,068,564)
(1,050,155)

Less: current portion - accruals
(696,623)
(4,877,371)

Total current portion
(19,253,977)
(45,295,175)

Total non-current position
-
4,670


Company

2025
2024
$
$


Trade payables
1,401
1,401

Payables to related parties
83,148
73,236

Total financial liabilities, excluding loans and borrowings, classified as financial liabilities measured at amortised cost
84,549
74,637

Total current portion
(84,549)
(74,637)

Page 40

 
KONEXUS HOLDINGS LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025

18.


Loans and borrowings


Group

2025
2024
$
$

Non-current

Lease liabilities
258,843
317,622

258,843
317,622

Current

Bank loans - secured
67,288,754
27,135,201

Lease liabilities
48,696
65,119

67,337,450
27,200,320

Total loans and borrowings
67,596,293
27,517,942



19.


Provisions

Group



Other provision

$





At 1 January 2025
16,025


Utilised during the year
(16,025)



At 31 December 2025
-




-

Page 41

 
KONEXUS HOLDINGS LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
20.


Share capital

Authorised

2025
2025
2024
2024
Number
$
Number
$

Shares treated as equity
Ordinary shares of $1.00 each

10,843,934

10,843,934

10,843,934
 
10,843,934
 
10,843,934

10,843,934

10,843,934
 
10,843,934
 

Issued and fully paid


2025
2025
2024
2024
Number
$
Number
$

Ordinary shares of $1.00 each

At 1 January and 31 December
10,843,934

10,843,934

10,843,934
 
10,843,934
 


21.


Reserves


Other reserves

A statutory reserve needs to be maintained by Konexus Aluminium International Co. WLL in accordance with Bahrain commercial companies' law. This reserve cannot be utilised for the purpose of distribution, except in such circumstances as stipulated in the Bahrain Commercial Companies law.

Retained earnings

The Profit and loss account consists of distributable and non-distributable reserves arising from cumulative historical profits and losses less any distributions made.


22.


Non-controlling interests

2025
2024
$
$


Balance at beginning of the year
525,858
262,187

Share of profit for the year
232,517
274,633

Non-controlling interests arising on acquisition
-
(10,962)

758,375
525,858

Page 42

 
KONEXUS HOLDINGS LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025

23.


Leases


Group




(i) Leases as a lessee



The lease liability represents the discounted value of future lease payments for the lease of industrial plot taken on lease. The movement of lease liabilities during the year is as follows:


Lease liabilities are due as follows:

2025
2024
$
$

Contractual undiscounted cash flows due

Not later than one year
32,001
65,119

Between one year and five years
234,976
317,622

266,977
382,741




The following amounts in respect of leases have been recognised in profit or loss:

2025
2024
$
$

Interest expense on lease liabilities
31,982
11,411


24.


Controlling party

The ultimate controlling party is Brijender Singh by virtue of their 100% shareholding in the entity.


25.


Business combinations during the year


25.1 Impact of acquisition on the results of the Group

During the year, the Company disposed of the entire issued share capital of Konexus Resources DMCC to the subsidiary company, Konexus Resources Group Limited. In accordance with the requirements of IAS 8, the transaction has been accounted for using merger accounting method within the subsidiary financial statements. There is no impact to the prior year figures in respect of the Konexus Holdings Limited financial statements.

Page 43

 
KONEXUS HOLDINGS LIMITED
 
 
 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025

26.


Capital management

For the purpose of the Group’s capital management, capital includes issued capital and all other equity reserves attributable to the equity holders of the Group. The primary objective of the Group’s capital management is to safeguard the Group’s ability to continue as a going concern, so that it can continue to provide returns for shareholders and benefits for other stakeholders.

The Group sets the amount of capital it requires in proportion to risk. The Group manages its capital structure and makes adjustments to it in light of the changes in economic conditions and the risk characteristics of the underlying assets. In order to maintain or adjust the capital structure, the Group may adjust the amounts of dividends paid to shareholders, return capital to shareholders, issue new shares or sell assets to reduce debt.

No changes were made in the objectives, policies or processes for managing capital during the year ended 31 December 2025 nor in the year ended 31 December 2024.

Page 44