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Registered number:
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
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RAM (102) LIMITED
COMPANY INFORMATION
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RAM (102) LIMITED
CONTENTS
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RAM (102) LIMITED
GROUP STRATEGIC REPORT
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
The directors present the strategic report for the year ended 31 December 2025.
The statement of comprehensive income is set out on page 10 and shows turnover for the year of £19,135,580 (2024 - £21,774,546) and a loss for the year after tax of £697,893 (2024 - £873,908).
The group continues to offer multiple options and products through our highly talented and dedicated teams who deliver exceptional service and solutions to our customers. Our entities based in the UK, France, Italy and the United States of America provide us with the platform to deliver across the globe with sales to over 60 countries across 6 continents in 2025. The group continues to invest in capital expenditure to build a first-class manufacturing facility and research and development activities to be able to offer new and innovative solutions to the customers and market. In the year research and development spend was £172,923 (2024 - £217,785). Gross margin has increased to 39.6% from 33.3% in 2024. The group buys and sells in multiple currencies. Administrative expenses include foreign exchange losses of £30,626 (2024 - £99,503).
The market for the manufacture and distribution of Clay Pigeon Traps and associated products on a worldwide basis is competitive. The company is a market leader and seeks to manage the risk of losing market share to key competitors by the provision of better quality products with a wider range and market leading price competitiveness.
Sales to Europe are made in euros and to the USA in US dollars. The group also purchases products from around the globe in various currencies. The group is therefore exposed to movements in exchange rates. The directors monitor the net exposure and take steps on pricing and sourcing to reduce the impact of currency movements. The main financial risks arising from the group’s activities are credit risk and exchange rate risk. These are monitored by the board of directors and were not considered to be significant at the balance sheet date. The group’s policy in respect of credit risk, is to require appropriate credit checks on potential customers before sales are made.
Volatility in raw material pricing and significant increases in labour costs coupled with a continued shortage of skills in the market.
It is the opinion of the management and the Board that the company has a level of resilience which can weather a recession (as supported by the financial modelling of different future states).
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RAM (102) LIMITED
GROUP STRATEGIC REPORT (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
The business plans for the group is being executed according to the respective group growth strategies and opportunities for acquisition and strategic partnerships continue to be sought to complement organic growth.
The key performance indicators for the business which include EBITDA, order book, gross margin, cash generation and market mix analysis are all very positive for the year ahead.
In 2025 the group has achieved an EBITDA profit of £1,020,547 (2024 - loss £742,323). There was an overall cash outflow during the year of £366,288 (2024 - £1,173,932).
This report was approved by the board and signed on its behalf.
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RAM (102) LIMITED
DIRECTORS' REPORT
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
The directors present their report and the financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2025.
The directors are responsible for preparing the Group strategic report, the Directors' report and the consolidated financial statements in accordance with applicable law and regulations.
In preparing these financial statements, the directors are required to:
∙select suitable accounting policies for the Group's financial statements and then apply them consistently;
∙make judgments and accounting estimates that are reasonable and prudent;
∙state whether applicable UK Accounting Standards have been followed, subject to any material departures disclosed and explained in the financial statements;
∙prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that the Group will continue in business.
The directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that are sufficient to show and explain the Company's transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the Company and the Group and to enable them to ensure that the financial statements comply with the Companies Act 2006. They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the Company and the Group and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities.
The loss for the year, after taxation, amounted to £697,893 (2024 - loss £873,908).
No ordinary dividends were paid in the year.
The directors who served during the year were:
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RAM (102) LIMITED
DIRECTORS' REPORT (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
Credit risk
Credit risk is the risk of financial loss to the group if a customer or counterparty to a financial instrument fails to meet its contractual obligations. The group is mainly exposed to credit risk from credit sales. It is group policy to assess the credit risk of new customers before entering contracts. Such credit ratings are taken into account by local business practices. Each new customer is analysed individually for creditworthiness before the group's standard payment and delivery terms and conditions are offered. A monthly review of the trade receivables' ageing analysis is undertaken and customers' credit is reassessed periodically. Existing customers that become "high risk" as a result of the periodic reassessment are placed on a restricted customer list and future credit sales are made only with approval of the local management, otherwise payment in advance is required.
The group seeks to manage financial risk by ensuring sufficient liquidity is available to meet foreseeable needs of working capital, finance charges and principal repayments on its debt instruments and to invest cash assets safely and profitably.
Management receives cash flow projections on a monthly basis as well as information regarding cash balances. At the end of the financial year, these projections indicated that the group expected to have sufficient liquid resources to meet its obligations under all reasonably expected circumstances.
The group is exposed to cash flow interest rate risk from borrowings at a variable rate. During the periods under review, the group's borrowings at variable rate were denominated in pounds sterling.
Foreign exchange risk arises when individual group entities enter into transactions denominated in a currency other than their functional currency. The group's policy is, where possible, to allow group entities to settle liabilities denominated in their functional currency (primarily US Dollars or Pound Sterling) with the cash generated from their own operations in that currency. The group is predominantly exposed to currency risk on sales made in US dollars.
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RAM (102) LIMITED
DIRECTORS' REPORT (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
The auditors, WR Partners, will be proposed for reappointment in accordance with section 485 of the Companies Act 2006.
This report was approved by the board and signed on its behalf.
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RAM (102) LIMITED
INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF RAM (102) LIMITED
We have audited the financial statements of RAM (102) Limited (the 'Parent Company') and its subsidiaries (the 'Group') for the year ended 31 December 2025, which comprise the Consolidated statement of comprehensive income, the Consolidated Balance Sheet, the Company Balance Sheet, the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows, the Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity, the Company Statement of Changes in Equity and the related notes, including a summary of significant accounting policies. The financial reporting framework that has been applied in their preparation is applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards, including Financial Reporting Standard 102 ‘The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland' (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice).
In auditing the financial statements, we have concluded that the directors' use of the going concern basis of accounting in the preparation of the financial statements is appropriate.
Based on the work we have performed, we have not identified any material uncertainties relating to events or conditions that, individually or collectively, may cast significant doubt on the Group's or the Parent Company's ability to continue as a going concern for a period of at least twelve months from when the financial statements are authorised for issue.
Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of the directors with respect to going concern are described in the relevant sections of this report.
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RAM (102) LIMITED
INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF RAM (102) LIMITED (CONTINUED)
The other information comprises the information included in the Annual Report other than the financial statements and our Auditors' report thereon. The directors are responsible for the other information contained within the Annual Report. Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and, except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in our report, we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon. Our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the course of the audit, or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If we identify such material inconsistencies or apparent material misstatements, we are required to determine whether this gives rise to a material misstatement in the financial statements themselves. If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact.
We have nothing to report in this regard.
In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of the audit:
∙the information given in the Group strategic report and the Directors' report for the financial year for which the financial statements are prepared is consistent with the financial statements; and
∙the Group strategic report and the Directors' report have been prepared in accordance with applicable legal requirements.
In the light of the knowledge and understanding of the Group and the Parent Company and its environment obtained in the course of the audit, we have not identified material misstatements in the Group strategic report or the Directors' report.
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RAM (102) LIMITED
INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF RAM (102) LIMITED (CONTINUED)
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an Auditors' report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these Group financial statements.
Irregularities, including fraud, are instances of non-compliance with laws and regulations. We design procedures in line with our responsibilities, outlined above, to detect material misstatements in respect of irregularities, including fraud. The extent to which our procedures are capable of detecting irregularities, including fraud is detailed below:
The audit team obtained an understanding of the legal and regulatory frameworks that are applicable to the company and determined that the most significant are those that relate to the reporting framework (FRS102 and the Companies Act 2006), the relevant tax compliance regulations and the UK General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). We understood how the company is complying with these frameworks by making enquiries of management and those responsible for legal and compliance procedures. We also reviewed internal records and correspondence and the results of our testing in other areas to identify any recorded instances of irregularity or non compliance that might have a material impact on the financial statements. We assessed the susceptibility of the company's financial statements to material misstatement, including how fraud might occur by meeting with key management to understand where they considered there may be susceptibility to fraud. Based on our understanding our procedures involved enquiries of management and those charged with governance, manual journal entry testing, cashbook reviews for large and unusual items and the challenge of significant accounting estimates used in preparing the financial statements.
Because of the inherent limitations of an audit, there is a risk that we will not detect all irregularities, including those leading to a material misstatement in the financial statements or non-compliance with regulation. This risk increases the more that compliance with a law or regulation is removed from the events and transactions reflected in the financial statements, as we will be less likely to become aware of instances of non-compliance. The risk is also greater regarding irregularities occurring due to fraud rather than error, as fraud involves intentional concealment, forgery, collusion, omission or misrepresentation.
A further description of our responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements is located on the Financial Reporting Council's website at: www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities. This description forms part of our Auditors' report.
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RAM (102) LIMITED
INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF RAM (102) LIMITED (CONTINUED)
This report is made solely to the Company's members, as a body, in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of the Companies Act 2006. Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the Company's members those matters we are required to state to them in an Auditors' report and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other than the Company and the Company's members, as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we have formed.
for and on behalf of
Chartered Accountants
Statutory Auditors
3 Royal Court
Gadbrook Park
Cheshire
CW9 7UT
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RAM (102) LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
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RAM (102) LIMITED
REGISTERED NUMBER: 05263607
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET
AS AT 31 DECEMBER 2025
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RAM (102) LIMITED
REGISTERED NUMBER: 05263607
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET (CONTINUED)
AS AT 31 DECEMBER 2025
The financial statements were approved and authorised for issue by the board and were signed on its behalf by:
The notes on pages 18 to 44 form part of these financial statements.
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RAM (102) LIMITED
REGISTERED NUMBER: 05263607
COMPANY BALANCE SHEET
AS AT 31 DECEMBER 2025
The financial statements were approved and authorised for issue by the board and were signed on its behalf by:
The notes on pages 18 to 44 form part of these financial statements.
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RAM (102) LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024
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RAM (102) LIMITED
COMPANY STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
COMPANY STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2024
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RAM (102) LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
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RAM (102) LIMITED
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
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RAM (102) LIMITED
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
RAM (102) Limited is a private company limited by shares and incorporated in England and Wales under the Companies Act 2006. The address of the registered office is given on the company information page and the nature of the company's operations and its principal activities are set out in the strategic report.
2.Accounting policies
The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention unless otherwise specified within these accounting policies and in accordance with Financial Reporting Standard 102, the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and the Republic of Ireland and the Companies Act 2006.
The preparation of financial statements in compliance with FRS 102 requires the use of certain critical accounting estimates. It also requires Group management to exercise judgment in applying the Group's accounting policies (see note 3).
The Company has taken advantage of the exemption allowed under section 408 of the Companies Act 2006 and has not presented its own Statement of comprehensive income in these financial statements.
The company is a qualifying entity for the purposes of FRS 102, being a member of a group where the parent of that group prepares publicly available consolidated financial statements, including this company, which are intended to give a true and fair view of the assets, liabilities, financial position and profit or loss of the group. The company has therefore taken advantage of exemptions from the following disclosure requirements for parent company information presented within the consolidated financial statements:
• Section 7 ‘Statement of Cash Flows’: Presentation of a statement of cash flow and related notes and disclosures; • Section 11 ‘Basic Financial Instruments’ and Section 12 ‘Other Financial Instrument Issues: Interest income/expense and net gains/losses for financial instruments not measured at fair value; basis of determining fair values; details of collateral, loan defaults or breaches, details of hedges, hedging fair value changes recognised in profit or loss and in other comprehensive income; • Section 33 ‘Related Party Disclosures’: Compensation for key management personnel.
The following principal accounting policies have been applied:
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RAM (102) LIMITED
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
2.Accounting policies (continued)
In the parent company financial statements, the cost of a business combination is the fair value at the acquisition date of the assets given, equity instruments issued and liabilities incurred or assumed, plus costs directly attributable to the business combination. The excess of the cost of a business combination over the fair value of the identifiable assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities acquired is recognised as goodwill. The cost of the combination includes the estimated amount of contingent consideration that is probable and can be measured reliably, and is adjusted for changes in contingent consideration after the acquisition date. Provisional fair values recognised for business combinations in previous periods are adjusted retrospectively for final fair values determined in the 12 months following the acquisition date. Investments in subsidiaries, joint ventures and associates are accounted for at cost less impairment.
Deferred tax is recognised on differences between the value of assets (other than goodwill) and liabilities recognised in a business combination accounted for using the purchase method and the amounts that can be deducted or assessed for tax, considering the manner in which the carrying amount of the asset or liability is expected to be recovered or settled. The deferred tax recognised is adjusted against goodwill or negative goodwill.
The consolidated financial statements present the results of the Company and its own subsidiaries ("the Group") as if they form a single entity. Intercompany transactions and balances between group companies are therefore eliminated in full.
The consolidated financial statements incorporate the results of business combinations using the purchase method. In the Balance sheet, the acquiree's identifiable assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities are initially recognised at their fair values at the acquisition date. The results of acquired operations are included in the Consolidated statement of comprehensive income from the date on which control is obtained. They are deconsolidated from the date control ceases.
At the time of approving the financial statements, the directors have a reasonable expectation that the group has adequate resources to continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future. Thus the directors continue to adopt the going concern basis of accounting in preparing the financial statements.
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RAM (102) LIMITED
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
2.Accounting policies (continued)
If it is not possible to distinguish between the research phase and the development phase of an internal project, the expenditure is treated as if it were all incurred in the research phase only. Grants of a revenue nature are recognised in the Consolidated statement of comprehensive income in the same period as the related expenditure.
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RAM (102) LIMITED
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
2.Accounting policies (continued)
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RAM (102) LIMITED
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
2.Accounting policies (continued)
Goodwill
Other intangible assets
All intangible assets are considered to have a finite useful life. If a reliable estimate of the useful life cannot be made, the useful life shall not exceed ten years.
The estimated useful lives range as follows:
Depreciation is charged so as to allocate the cost of assets less their residual value over their estimated useful lives, on the following bases.
Depreciation is provided on the following basis:
The assets' residual values, useful lives and depreciation methods are reviewed, and adjusted prospectively if appropriate, or if there is an indication of a significant change since the last reporting date.
Gains and losses on disposals are determined by comparing the proceeds with the carrying amount and are recognised in profit or loss.
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RAM (102) LIMITED
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
2.Accounting policies (continued)
At each reporting period end date, the group reviews the carrying amounts of its tangible and intangible assets to determine whether there is any indication that those assets have suffered an impairment loss. If any such indication exists, the recoverable amount of the asset is estimated in order to determine the extent of the impairment loss (if any).
The carrying amount of the investments accounted for using the equity method is tested for impairment as a single asset. Any goodwill included in the carrying amount of the investment is not tested separately for impairment.
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RAM (102) LIMITED
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
2.Accounting policies (continued)
The Group has elected to apply the provisions of Section 11 “Basic Financial Instruments” of FRS 102 to all of its financial instruments.
Financial instruments are recognised in the Group's Balance sheet when the Group becomes party to the contractual provisions of the instrument.
Financial assets and liabilities are offset, with the net amounts presented in the financial statements, when there is a legally enforceable right to set off the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis or to realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.
Basic financial assets
Basic financial assets, which include trade and other receivables, cash and bank balances, are initially measured at their transaction price including transaction costs.
Other financial assets
Other financial assets, which includes investments in equity instruments which are not classified as subsidiaries, associates or joint ventures, are initially measured at fair value, which is normally the recognised transaction price. Such assets are subsequently measured at fair value with the changes in fair value being recognised in the profit or loss. Where other financial assets are not publicly traded, hence their fair value cannot be measured reliably, they are measured at cost less impairment.
Impairment of financial assets
At the end of each reporting period financial assets measured at amortised cost are assessed for objective evidence of impairment. If an asset is impaired the impairment loss is the difference between the carrying amount and the present value of the estimated cash flows discounted at the asset’s original effective interest rate. The impairment loss is recognised in profit or loss.
Financial assets are impaired when events, subsequent to their initial recognition, indicate the estimated future cash flows derived from the financial asset(s) have been adversely impacted. The impairment loss will be the difference between the current carrying amount and the present value of the future cash flows at the asset(s) original effective interest rate.
If there is a favourable change in relation to the events surrounding the impairment loss then the impairment can be reviewed for possible reversal. The reversal will not cause the current carrying amount to exceed the original carrying amount had the impairment not been recognised. The impairment reversal is recognised in the profit or loss.
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RAM (102) LIMITED
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
2.Accounting policies (continued)
Basic financial liabilities
Financial liabilities and equity instruments are classified according to the substance of the contractual arrangements entered into. An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of the Group after the deduction of all its liabilities.
Basic financial liabilities, which include trade and other creditors, bank loans, other loans and loans due to fellow group companies are initially measured at their transaction price (adjusting for transaction costs except in the initial measurement of financial liabilities that are subsequently measured at fair value through profit and loss). When this constitutes a financing transaction, whereby the debt instrument is measured at the present value of the future payments discounted at a market rate of interest, discounting is omitted where the effect of discounting is immaterial.
Debt instruments are subsequently carried at their amortised cost using the effective interest rate method.
Trade creditors are obligations to pay for goods and services that have been acquired in the ordinary course of business from suppliers. Trade creditors are classified as current liabilities if the payment is due within one year. If not, they represent non-current liabilities. Trade creditors are initially recognised at their transaction price and subsequently are measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method. Discounting is omitted where the effect of discounting is immaterial.
Other financial instruments
Derivatives, including forward exchange contracts, futures contracts and interest rate swaps, are not classified as basic financial instruments. These are initially recognised at fair value on the date the derivative contract is entered into, with costs being charged to the profit or loss. They are subsequently measured at fair value with changes in the profit or loss.
Debt instruments that do not meet the conditions as set out in FRS 102 paragraph 11.9 are subsequently measured at fair value through the profit or loss. This recognition and measurement would also apply to financial instruments where the performance is evaluated on a fair value basis as with a documented risk management or investment strategy.
Derecognition of financial instruments
Derecognition of financial assets
Financial assets are derecognised when their contractual right to future cash flow expire, or are settled, or when the Group transfers the asset and substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership to another party. If significant risks and rewards of ownership are retained after the transfer to another party, then the Group will continue to recognise the value of the portion of the risks and rewards retained.
Derecognition of financial liabilities
Financial liabilities are derecognised when the Group's contractual obligations expire or are discharged or cancelled.
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RAM (102) LIMITED
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
2.Accounting policies (continued)
The costs of short-term employee benefits are recognised as a liability and an expense, unless those costs are required to be recognised as part of the cost of stock or fixed assets.
The cost of any unused holiday entitlement is recognised in the period in which the employee’s services are received. Termination benefits are recognised immediately as an expense when the company is demonstrably committed to terminate the employment of an employee or to provide termination benefits.
Payments to defined contribution retirement benefit schemes are charged as an expense as they fall due.
Leases are classified as finance leases whenever the terms of the lease transfer substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership to the lessees. All other leases are classified as operating leases.
Assets held under finance leases are recognised as assets at the lower of the assets fair value at the date of inception and the present value of the minimum lease payments. The related liability is included in the balance sheet as a finance lease obligation. Lease payments are treated as consisting of capital and interest elements. The interest is charged to profit or loss so as to produce a constant periodic rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability. Rentals payable under operating leases, including any lease incentives received, are charged to profit or loss on a straight line basis over the term of the relevant lease except where another more systematic basis is more representative of the time pattern in which economic benefits from the leased asset are consumed.
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RAM (102) LIMITED
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised in the period in which the estimate is revised where the revision affects only that period, or in the period of the revision and future periods where the revision affects both current and future periods. Critical judgements The following judgements (apart from those involving estimates) have had the most significant effect on amounts recognised in the financial statements. Leases Determine whether leases entered into by the group either as a lessor or a lessee are operating or finance leases. These decisions depend on an assessment of whether the risks and rewards of ownership have been transferred from the lessor to the lessee on a lease by lease basis. The total of tangible fixed assets held under hire purchase agreements is disclosed in note 14 and the value of hire purchase liabilities is disclosed in note 22 to these financial statements. Impairment Determine whether there are indicators of impairment of the group's tangible and intangible fixed assets. Factors taken into consideration in reaching such a decision include the economic viability and expected future financial performance of the asset. There are no impairments against tangible and intangible fixed assets at the current or comparative balance sheet date. Key sources of estimation uncertainty The estimates and assumptions which have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amount of assets and liabilities are as follows. Intangible fixed assets Intangible assets are amortised over their useful lives taking into account residual values, where appropriate. The expected useful life of the intellectual property rights are reviewed annually taking into account their contribution to the order book and the revenue and profits which the intellectual property rights are providing to the company. The net book value of intangible fixed assets is disclosed in note 14 to these financial statements. Tangible fixed assets Tangible assets are depreciated over their useful lives taking into account residual values, where appropriate. The expected useful life of the assets are reviewed annually taking into account their contribution to the order book and the revenue and profits which the assets are providing to the company. The net book value of tangible fixed assets is disclosed in note 14 to these financial statements.
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RAM (102) LIMITED
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
3.Judgments in applying accounting policies (continued)
Where appropriate, slow moving stocks are written down to their net realisable value. The assessment of net realisable value takes account of factors such as the availability of outlet channels and the value realised, historically, for similar products at that stage of their life cycle. At the balance sheet date an impairment against stocks of £441,275 (2024 - £314,423) is recognised. Debtors In assessing the provision for doubtful debts, factors taken into account include debtors' age profile, their historical payment performance and available credit data. The value of doubtful debt provisions in these financial statements is £50,187 (2024 - £166,701).
The whole of the turnover is attributable to the principal activity.
Analysis of turnover by country of destination:
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RAM (102) LIMITED
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
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RAM (102) LIMITED
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
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RAM (102) LIMITED
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
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RAM (102) LIMITED
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
10.Taxation (continued)
There were no factors that may affect future tax charges.
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RAM (102) LIMITED
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
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