Registered number: 02492591
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
COMPANY INFORMATION
CONTENTS
STRATEGIC REPORT
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
The directors present the strategic report for the year ended 31 December 2025.
Trading for the year followed long-term trends, and the Directors are optimistic for the future of the Company. This strategic report presents a balanced assessment of the Company and its performance in the financial year and its position at the year end. This assessment is consistent with the size and non-complex nature of the business and is written in the context of the opportunities, risks and uncertainties faced by the Company.
Trading for the year followed long-term trends, and the Directors are optimistic for the future of the Company. This strategic report presents a balanced assessment of the Company and its performance in the financial year and its position at the year end. This assessment is consistent with the size and non-complex nature of the business and is written in the context of the opportunities, risks and uncertainties faced by the Company.
The Company reported revenue of £26,670,335 (2024 - £25,645,330) and EBITDA of £3,523,900 (2024 - £3,637,772) respective increase of 4.1% and decrease of 3.1% compared to the prior financial year.
The Company provides event traffic management, car parking, crowd management and security, and Hostile Vehicle Mitigation (HVM) services. Its core market is growing modestly driven by positive trends in the events industry including sporting events, conference, exhibitions, and festivals, which have resulted in increased commercial activities from a number of key clients and acquisition of new clients.
The Company’s continues to support all clients and partners from its Head Office in Watford whilst its North-West regional office in Liverpool has continued to grow with the acquisition of new clients and delivery of new services for existing clients. The hub continues to provide a strong foothold in an untapped market for the Company by giving it access to many events and sporting venues, and supporting its long-term strategic initiatives.
To enhance the focus on operational and service excellence across portfolio of clients, the Company has continued to invest in the training and up-skilling of its workforce, both permanent and front-line staff. This has enabled the Company to deliver a high level of service to clients and meet the increased demand for its services. This was highlighted through the successfully delivery of over 98,427 shifts in the financial year. It remains a focus to elevate our operational delivery and services to support all clients.
The focus on strong client relationships and service excellence have resulted in the renewal and extension of key contracts with all its high-profile clients and acquisition of new clients. This is a testament to the concerted efforts across the business to engage in a multi-level relationship management approach and to focus on meeting our clients’ needs.
The Company provides event traffic management, car parking, crowd management and security, and Hostile Vehicle Mitigation (HVM) services. Its core market is growing modestly driven by positive trends in the events industry including sporting events, conference, exhibitions, and festivals, which have resulted in increased commercial activities from a number of key clients and acquisition of new clients.
The Company’s continues to support all clients and partners from its Head Office in Watford whilst its North-West regional office in Liverpool has continued to grow with the acquisition of new clients and delivery of new services for existing clients. The hub continues to provide a strong foothold in an untapped market for the Company by giving it access to many events and sporting venues, and supporting its long-term strategic initiatives.
To enhance the focus on operational and service excellence across portfolio of clients, the Company has continued to invest in the training and up-skilling of its workforce, both permanent and front-line staff. This has enabled the Company to deliver a high level of service to clients and meet the increased demand for its services. This was highlighted through the successfully delivery of over 98,427 shifts in the financial year. It remains a focus to elevate our operational delivery and services to support all clients.
The focus on strong client relationships and service excellence have resulted in the renewal and extension of key contracts with all its high-profile clients and acquisition of new clients. This is a testament to the concerted efforts across the business to engage in a multi-level relationship management approach and to focus on meeting our clients’ needs.
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STRATEGIC REPORT (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
Future developments
The Company remains focused on cultivating stronger partnership with both existing customers and prospects to evolve our services in order to ensure consistency and sustain value delivery. Our ambition is to become the market leader and preferred supplier, delivering outstanding event-day experiences for guests and partners across all our operations and event venues.
To realise this vision, we will strategically direct our resources to these five key priorities:
The Company remains focused on cultivating stronger partnership with both existing customers and prospects to evolve our services in order to ensure consistency and sustain value delivery. Our ambition is to become the market leader and preferred supplier, delivering outstanding event-day experiences for guests and partners across all our operations and event venues.
To realise this vision, we will strategically direct our resources to these five key priorities:
∙Operational Excellence and Client Centricity
We continue to enhance the planning, execution, and review of all events ensuring a seamless experience for clients, partners and all event attendees. The pillars of our operational excellence are reflected in the company’s client commitments of communication, community, collaboration, customer service and commitments;
We continue to enhance the planning, execution, and review of all events ensuring a seamless experience for clients, partners and all event attendees. The pillars of our operational excellence are reflected in the company’s client commitments of communication, community, collaboration, customer service and commitments;
∙Technology Integration for Enhanced Service Delivery
The technology initiatives are aimed at streamlining operations, driving efficiencies, and elevate event-day experience for our stakeholders including fans, guests, and all attendees. Significant progress has been made with the digitisation of certain workstreams and solutions to deliver value for clients and partners. Major solutions delivered include the asset management and logistics solution, intelligent parking software and the new rota management system;
The technology initiatives are aimed at streamlining operations, driving efficiencies, and elevate event-day experience for our stakeholders including fans, guests, and all attendees. Significant progress has been made with the digitisation of certain workstreams and solutions to deliver value for clients and partners. Major solutions delivered include the asset management and logistics solution, intelligent parking software and the new rota management system;
∙Financial Sustainability and Market Responsiveness
We maintain strong financial discipline to deliver value to our clients, partners, and stakeholders whilst maintaining the agility to respond to market conditions and competition;
We maintain strong financial discipline to deliver value to our clients, partners, and stakeholders whilst maintaining the agility to respond to market conditions and competition;
∙Employee Value Proposition
We continue to invest in employee development and growth through comprehensive training, career progression opportunities, and initiatives that support retention and engagement, positioning us as an employer of choice; and
We continue to invest in employee development and growth through comprehensive training, career progression opportunities, and initiatives that support retention and engagement, positioning us as an employer of choice; and
∙ESG & Community Engagement
The Company’s Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) strategy will guide commitment to corporate responsibility. We will actively monitor community engagement, uphold strong governance practices, and integrate ESG metrics into our decision-making and operational policies.
The Company’s Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) strategy will guide commitment to corporate responsibility. We will actively monitor community engagement, uphold strong governance practices, and integrate ESG metrics into our decision-making and operational policies.
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STRATEGIC REPORT (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
Market and competitive risk
The company is exposed to the risk that customers may seek to obtain their services elsewhere. The Company offers diversified services, and the Directors closely monitors customers’ evolving needs, sector trends, emerging technology and will respond to these by adapting our services and solutions.
Staff retention and recruitment
The company continues to invest in its employees by developing their skill set and offering opportunities for progression. The Company regularly reviews employee welfare, remuneration and benefits to ensure it maintains its position as a market leader. This ensures the company attracts and retains the right talents to propel future growth.
Macro-economic pressures
The Company is exposed to inflationary pressures in its cost base. To retain margins and attract customers, the Company continues to drive efficiency and service excellence in its operations, and to innovate its services, review pricing and optimize its processes and procedures.
Financial risk management
The Company’s activities expose it to liquidity and cash flow risks. The Directors monitor these through a regular review of cashflow models and forecasts, production of budgets and comprehensive management of costs and assets.
Brand and Reputational risks
The company assess brand and reputational risks as part of its approval process for new and repeat business opportunities. It assesses the capacity and capabilities of its team in the successful delivery of every operation. The company also protects its brand value and market positions by continually monitoring client satisfaction and seeking new opportunities that both complement and add value to its high-profile portfolio of clients.
Services
The Company’s core business lies in its expertise at providing car parking, event traffic management, crowd management and security, and HVM deployment services, The services within this niche market are provided to a diverse portfolio of high-profile venues and event organisers. The Company also provide security, stewarding and event cleaning services; however, a cautious approach is always taken on any bid for these services to ensure they comply with and complement the strategy of the business.
Partners
The Company’s long-established relationships with its clients and customers continue to deliver a high level of repeat and referral business, A comprehensive list of the company’s partners can be found on its website.
The company is exposed to the risk that customers may seek to obtain their services elsewhere. The Company offers diversified services, and the Directors closely monitors customers’ evolving needs, sector trends, emerging technology and will respond to these by adapting our services and solutions.
Staff retention and recruitment
The company continues to invest in its employees by developing their skill set and offering opportunities for progression. The Company regularly reviews employee welfare, remuneration and benefits to ensure it maintains its position as a market leader. This ensures the company attracts and retains the right talents to propel future growth.
Macro-economic pressures
The Company is exposed to inflationary pressures in its cost base. To retain margins and attract customers, the Company continues to drive efficiency and service excellence in its operations, and to innovate its services, review pricing and optimize its processes and procedures.
Financial risk management
The Company’s activities expose it to liquidity and cash flow risks. The Directors monitor these through a regular review of cashflow models and forecasts, production of budgets and comprehensive management of costs and assets.
Brand and Reputational risks
The company assess brand and reputational risks as part of its approval process for new and repeat business opportunities. It assesses the capacity and capabilities of its team in the successful delivery of every operation. The company also protects its brand value and market positions by continually monitoring client satisfaction and seeking new opportunities that both complement and add value to its high-profile portfolio of clients.
Services
The Company’s core business lies in its expertise at providing car parking, event traffic management, crowd management and security, and HVM deployment services, The services within this niche market are provided to a diverse portfolio of high-profile venues and event organisers. The Company also provide security, stewarding and event cleaning services; however, a cautious approach is always taken on any bid for these services to ensure they comply with and complement the strategy of the business.
Partners
The Company’s long-established relationships with its clients and customers continue to deliver a high level of repeat and referral business, A comprehensive list of the company’s partners can be found on its website.
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STRATEGIC REPORT (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
The management team and the board of directors have developed a wide range of metrics – both financial and non-financial to monitor the performance of the business. The principal financial KPIs are Sales, Gross Profit margin, EBITDA, Free Cash Flow and client feedback through NPS Scores.
This report was approved by the board and signed on its behalf.
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DIRECTORS' REPORT
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
The directors present their report and the financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2025.
The profit for the year, after taxation, amounted to £2,539,869 (2024 - £2,711,459).
Ordinary dividends were paid amounting to £Nil (2024 - £Nil). The directors do not recommend payments of a final dividend.
The directors who served during the year were:
Employee involvement
The company periodically updates and revises all Policies and Procedures to provide employees with direct access to the information they need. These are audited via the IS09001:2015 Quality Procedure System. The company also recognises the need to keep all employees updated on company performance, strategic direction and key challenges. The company hosts a twice yearly communications meeting to which all permanent staff are invited to present company progress and engage with staff, as well as distributing copies of the meeting to all those staff unable to attend. Front Line teams are communicated to and kept updated via a monthly newsletter sent out through a staff portal. The views of the company's front-line staff are considered in any strategy and gauged through an annual staff survey.
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DIRECTORS' REPORT (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
The auditor, S&W Audit (a trading name of S&W Partners Audit Limited), will be proposed for reappointment in accordance with section 485 of the Companies Act 2006.
This report was approved by the board and signed on its behalf.
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DIRECTORS' RESPONSIBILITIES STATEMENT
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
The directors are responsible for preparing the Strategic Report, the Directors' Report and the financial statements in accordance with applicable law and regulations.
Company law requires the directors to prepare financial statements for each financial year. Under that law the directors have elected to prepare the financial statements in accordance with applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice), including Financial Reporting Standard 102 ‘The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland'. Under company law the directors must not approve the financial statements unless they are satisfied that they give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the Company and of the profit or loss of the Company for that period.
In preparing these financial statements, the directors are required to:
∙select suitable accounting policies for the Company's financial statements and then apply them consistently;
∙make judgements and accounting estimates that are reasonable and prudent;
∙prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that the Company will continue in business.
The directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that are sufficient to show and explain the Company's transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the Company and to enable them to ensure that the financial statements comply with the Companies Act 2006. They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the Company and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities.
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INDEPENDENT AUDITOR'S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF THE COMBINED SERVICES PROVIDER LIMITED
In our opinion, the financial statements:
We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and applicable law. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements section of our report. We are independent of the Company in accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in the UK, including the FRC’s Ethical Standard, and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.
In auditing the financial statements, we have concluded that the directors' use of the going concern basis of accounting in the preparation of the financial statements is appropriate.
Based on the work we have performed, we have not identified any material uncertainties relating to events or conditions that, individually or collectively, may cast significant doubt on the Company's ability to continue as a going concern for a period of at least twelve months from when the financial statements are authorised for issue.
Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of the directors with respect to going concern are described in the relevant sections of this report.
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INDEPENDENT AUDITOR'S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF THE COMBINED SERVICES PROVIDER LIMITED (CONTINUED)
The other information comprises the information included in the Annual Report and Financial Statements, other than the financial statements and our auditor’s report thereon. The directors are responsible for the other information contained within the Annual Report and Financial Statements. Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and, except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in our report, we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon. Our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the course of the audit or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If we identify such material inconsistencies or apparent material misstatements, we are required to determine whether this gives rise to a material misstatement in the financial statements themselves. If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact.
We have nothing to report in this regard.
We have nothing to report in this regard.
In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of the audit:
∙the information given in the Strategic Report and the Directors' Report for the financial year for which the financial statements are prepared is consistent with the financial statements; and
∙the Strategic Report and the Directors' Report have been prepared in accordance with applicable legal requirements.
In the light of the knowledge and understanding of the Company and its environment obtained in the course of the audit, we have not identified material misstatements in the Strategic Report or the Directors' Report.
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INDEPENDENT AUDITOR'S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF THE COMBINED SERVICES PROVIDER LIMITED (CONTINUED)
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements.
Irregularities, including fraud, are instances of non-compliance with laws and regulations. We design procedures in line with our responsibilities, outlined above, to detect material misstatements in respect of irregularities, including fraud. The extent to which our procedures are capable of detecting irregularities, including fraud is detailed below:
Our approach to identifying and assessing the risks of material misstatement in respect of irregularities, including fraud and non-compliance with laws and regulations, was as follows:
Irregularities, including fraud, are instances of non-compliance with laws and regulations. We design procedures in line with our responsibilities, outlined above, to detect material misstatements in respect of irregularities, including fraud. The extent to which our procedures are capable of detecting irregularities, including fraud is detailed below:
Our approach to identifying and assessing the risks of material misstatement in respect of irregularities, including fraud and non-compliance with laws and regulations, was as follows:
∙the engagement partner ensured that the engagement team collectively had the appropriate competence, capabilities and skills to identify or recognise non-compliance with applicable laws and regulations;
∙we identified the laws and regulations applicable to the company through discussions with directors and other management, and from our commercial knowledge and experience of the sector;
∙we focused on specific laws and regulations which we considered may have a direct material effect on the financial statements or the operations of the company, including the Companies Act 2006, taxation legislation and data protection, anti-bribery, employment, environmental and health and safety legislation;
∙we assessed the extent of compliance with the laws and regulations identified above through making enquiries of management and inspecting legal correspondence; and
∙identified laws and regulations were communicated within the audit team regularly and the team remained alert to instances of non-compliance throughout the audit.
We assessed the susceptibility of the company’s financial statements to material misstatement, including obtaining an understanding of how fraud might occur, by:
∙making enquiries of management as to where they considered there was susceptibility to fraud, their knowledge of actual, suspected and alleged fraud;
∙considering the internal controls in place to mitigate risks of fraud and non-compliance with laws and regulations; and
∙understanding the design of the company’s remuneration policies.
To address the risk of fraud through management bias and override of controls, we:
∙performed analytical procedures to identify any unusual or unexpected relationships;
∙tested journal entries to identify unusual transactions;
∙assessed whether judgements and assumptions made in determining the accounting estimates set out in note 2 were indicative of potential bias; and
∙investigated the rationale behind significant or unusual transactions.
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INDEPENDENT AUDITOR'S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF THE COMBINED SERVICES PROVIDER LIMITED (CONTINUED)
In response to the risk of irregularities and non-compliance with laws and regulations, we designed procedures which included, but were not limited to:
∙agreeing financial statement disclosures to underlying supporting documentation;
∙reading the minutes of meetings of those charged with governance;
∙enquiring of management as to actual and potential litigation and claims; and
∙reviewing correspondence with HMRC, relevant regulators and the company’s legal advisors.
There are inherent limitations in our audit procedures described above. The more removed that laws and regulations are from financial transactions, the less likely it is that we would become aware of non-compliance. Auditing standards also limit the audit procedures required to identify non-compliance with laws and regulations to enquiry of the directors and other management and the inspection of regulatory and legal correspondence, if any.
Material misstatements that arise due to fraud can be harder to detect than those that arise from error as they may involve deliberate concealment or collusion.
A further description of our responsibilities is available on the Financial Reporting Council’s website at: www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities. This description forms part of our auditor’s report.
This report is made solely to the Company's members, as a body, in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of the Companies Act 2006. Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the Company's members those matters we are required to state to them in an Auditor's Report and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other than the Company and the Company's members, as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we have formed.
for and on behalf of
Chartered Accountants
Statutory Auditor
22 Wycombe End
HP9 1NB
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STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
Page 12
BALANCE SHEET
AS AT 31 DECEMBER 2025
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BALANCE SHEET (CONTINUED)
AS AT 31 DECEMBER 2025
The financial statements were approved and authorised for issue by the board and were signed on its behalf by:
The notes on pages 16 to 31 form part of these financial statements.
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STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
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NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
The Combined Services Provider Limited is a private company limited by shares incorporated in England and Wales. The registered office is Unit 1, Abloy House, Hatters Lane, Croxley Park, Watford, Hertfordshire, WD18 8AJ.
2.Accounting policies
The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention unless otherwise specified within these accounting policies and in accordance with Financial Reporting Standard 102, the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and the Republic of Ireland and the Companies Act 2006.
The preparation of financial statements in compliance with FRS 102 requires the use of certain critical accounting estimates. It also requires management to exercise judgement in applying the Company's accounting policies (see note 3).
The following principal accounting policies have been applied:
The Company has taken advantage of the following disclosure exemptions in preparing these financial statements, as permitted by the FRS 102 "The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland":
∙the requirements of Section 7 Statement of Cash Flows;
∙the requirements of Section 3 Financial Statement Presentation paragraph 3.17(d);
∙the requirements of Section 11 Financial Instruments paragraphs 11.42, 11.44 to 11.45, 11.47, 11.48(a)(iii), 11.48(a)(iv), 11.48(b) and 11.48(c);
∙the requirements of Section 12 Other Financial Instruments paragraphs 12.26 to 12.27, 12.29(a), 12.29(b) and 12.29A;
∙the requirements of Section 26 Share-based Payment paragraphs 26.18(b), 26.19 to 26.21 and 26.23;
∙the requirements of Section 33 Related Party Disclosures paragraph 33.7.
This information is included in the consolidated financial statements of Norland Equity Partners Acquisition Limited as at 31 December 2025 and these financial statements may be obtained from 85 Great Portland Street, London, England, W1W 7LT.
The financial statements contain information about The Combined Services Provider Limited as an individual company and do not contain consolidated financial information as the parent of a group. The company is exempt under section 405 of the Companies Act 2006 from the requirements to prepare consolidated financial statements as its subsidiary undertakings are both dormant and are not material for the purposes of giving a true and fair view.
The directors have made an assessment in preparing these financial statements as to whether the company is a going concern and have concluded that there are no material uncertainties that may cast doubt on the company's ability to continue as a going concern.
The directors have made an assessment in preparing these financial statements as to whether the company is a going concern and have concluded that there are no material uncertainties that may cast doubt on the company's ability to continue as a going concern.
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NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
2.Accounting policies (continued)
Revenue arises from the provision of car park and traffic management services. Revenue is recognised when the event has taken place or the cash has been collected.
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NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
2.Accounting policies (continued)
All intangible assets are considered to have a finite useful life. If a reliable estimate of the useful life cannot be made, the useful life shall not exceed ten years.
Amortisation is provided on the following bases:
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NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
2.Accounting policies (continued)
Depreciation is charged so as to allocate the cost of assets less their residual value over their estimated useful lives, using the straight-line method.
Depreciation is provided on the following basis:
The assets' residual values, useful lives and depreciation methods are reviewed, and adjusted prospectively if appropriate, or if there is an indication of a significant change since the last reporting date.
Gains and losses on disposals are determined by comparing the proceeds with the carrying amount and are recognised in profit or loss.
The investments are assessed for impairment at each reporting date and any impairment losses or reversals of impairment are recognised immediately.
Stocks are stated at the lower of cost and estimated selling price less costs to complete and sell. Cost comprises direct materials and, where applicable, direct labour costs and those overheads that have been incurred in bringing the stocks to their present location and condition.
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NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
2.Accounting policies (continued)
Provisions are recognised when the company has a legal or constructive present obligation as a result of a past event, it is probable that the company will be required to settle that obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation.
The amount recognised as a provision is the best estimate of the consideration required to settle the present obligation at the reporting end date, taking into account the risks and uncertainties surrounding the obligation. Where the effect of the time value of money is material, the amount expected to be required to settle the obligation is recognised at present value. When a provision is measured at present value, the unwinding of the discount is recognised as a finance cost in profit or loss in the period in which it arises.
The amount recognised as a provision is the best estimate of the consideration required to settle the present obligation at the reporting end date, taking into account the risks and uncertainties surrounding the obligation. Where the effect of the time value of money is material, the amount expected to be required to settle the obligation is recognised at present value. When a provision is measured at present value, the unwinding of the discount is recognised as a finance cost in profit or loss in the period in which it arises.
The costs of short-term employee benefits are recognised as a liability and an expense, unless those costs are required to be recognised as part of the cost of stock or fixed assets.
The cost of any unused holiday entitlement is recognised in the period in which the employee’s services are received.
The cost of any unused holiday entitlement is recognised in the period in which the employee’s services are received.
Transactions in currencies other than pounds sterling are recorded at the rates of exchange prevailing at the dates of the transactions. At each reporting end date, monetary assets and liabilities that are denominated in foreign currencies are retranslated at the rates prevailing on the reporting end date. Gains and losses arising on translation in the period are included in profit or loss.
The company has elected to apply the provisions of Section 11 ”Basic Financial Instruments” to all of its financial instruments.
Financial instruments are recognised in the company’s balance sheet when the company becomes party to the contractual provisions of the instrument.
Basic financial assets
Short term debtors are measured at transaction price less any provision for impairment. Loans receivable are measured initially at fair value, net of transaction costs and are subsequently carried at amortised costs using the effective interest method, less any provision for impairment.
Other financial assets
Other financial assets, including investments in equity instruments which are not subsidiaries, associates or joint ventures, are initially measured at fair value, which is normally the transaction price. Such assets are subsequently carried at fair value and the changes in fair value are recognised in profit or loss, except that investments in equity instruments that are not publicly traded and whose fair values cannot be measured reliably are measured at cost less impairment.
Impairment of financial assets
Financial assets, other than those held at fair value through profit and loss, are assessed for indicators of impairment at each reporting end date.
Financial assets are impaired where there is objective evidence that, as a result of one or more
Financial instruments are recognised in the company’s balance sheet when the company becomes party to the contractual provisions of the instrument.
Basic financial assets
Short term debtors are measured at transaction price less any provision for impairment. Loans receivable are measured initially at fair value, net of transaction costs and are subsequently carried at amortised costs using the effective interest method, less any provision for impairment.
Other financial assets
Other financial assets, including investments in equity instruments which are not subsidiaries, associates or joint ventures, are initially measured at fair value, which is normally the transaction price. Such assets are subsequently carried at fair value and the changes in fair value are recognised in profit or loss, except that investments in equity instruments that are not publicly traded and whose fair values cannot be measured reliably are measured at cost less impairment.
Impairment of financial assets
Financial assets, other than those held at fair value through profit and loss, are assessed for indicators of impairment at each reporting end date.
Financial assets are impaired where there is objective evidence that, as a result of one or more
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NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
2.Accounting policies (continued)
events that occurred after the initial recognition of the financial asset, the estimated future cash flows have been affected. If an asset is impaired, the impairment loss is the difference between the carrying amount and the present value of the estimated cash flows discounted at the asset’s original effective interest rate. The impairment loss is recognised in profit or loss.
If there is a decrease in the impairment loss arising from an event occurring after the impairment was recognised, the impairment is reversed. The reversal is such that the current carrying amount does not exceed what the carrying amount would have been, had the impairment not previously been recognised. The impairment reversal is recognised in profit or loss.
Derecognition of financial assets
Financial assets are derecognised only when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the asset expire or are settled, or when the company transfers the financial asset and substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership to another entity, or if some significant risks and rewards of ownership are retained but control of the asset has transferred to another party that is able to sell the asset in its entirety to an unrelated third party.
Classification of financial liabilities
Financial liabilities and equity instruments are classified according to the substance of the contractual arrangements entered into. An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of the company after deducting all of its liabilities.
Basic financial liabilities
Short term creditors are measured at transaction price. Other financial liabilities, including bank loans and other loans, are measured initially at fair value, net of transaction costs and are subsequently carried at amortised costs using the effective interest method.
Other financial liabilities
Derivatives, including interest rate swaps and forward foreign exchange contracts, are not basic financial instruments. Derivatives are initially recognised at fair value on the date a derivative contract is entered into and are subsequently re-measured at their fair value. Changes in the fair value of derivatives are recognised in profit or loss in finance costs or finance income as appropriate, unless hedge accounting is applied and the hedge is a cash flow hedge.
Debt instruments that do not meet the conditions in FRS 102 paragraph 11.9 are subsequently measured at fair value through profit or loss. Debt instruments may be designated as being measured at fair value through profit or loss to eliminate or reduce an accounting mismatch or if the instruments are measured and their performance evaluated on a fair value basis in accordance with a documented risk management or investment strategy.
Derecognition of financial liabilities
Financial liabilities are derecognised when the company’s contractual obligations expire or are discharged or cancelled.
If there is a decrease in the impairment loss arising from an event occurring after the impairment was recognised, the impairment is reversed. The reversal is such that the current carrying amount does not exceed what the carrying amount would have been, had the impairment not previously been recognised. The impairment reversal is recognised in profit or loss.
Derecognition of financial assets
Financial assets are derecognised only when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the asset expire or are settled, or when the company transfers the financial asset and substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership to another entity, or if some significant risks and rewards of ownership are retained but control of the asset has transferred to another party that is able to sell the asset in its entirety to an unrelated third party.
Classification of financial liabilities
Financial liabilities and equity instruments are classified according to the substance of the contractual arrangements entered into. An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of the company after deducting all of its liabilities.
Basic financial liabilities
Short term creditors are measured at transaction price. Other financial liabilities, including bank loans and other loans, are measured initially at fair value, net of transaction costs and are subsequently carried at amortised costs using the effective interest method.
Other financial liabilities
Derivatives, including interest rate swaps and forward foreign exchange contracts, are not basic financial instruments. Derivatives are initially recognised at fair value on the date a derivative contract is entered into and are subsequently re-measured at their fair value. Changes in the fair value of derivatives are recognised in profit or loss in finance costs or finance income as appropriate, unless hedge accounting is applied and the hedge is a cash flow hedge.
Debt instruments that do not meet the conditions in FRS 102 paragraph 11.9 are subsequently measured at fair value through profit or loss. Debt instruments may be designated as being measured at fair value through profit or loss to eliminate or reduce an accounting mismatch or if the instruments are measured and their performance evaluated on a fair value basis in accordance with a documented risk management or investment strategy.
Derecognition of financial liabilities
Financial liabilities are derecognised when the company’s contractual obligations expire or are discharged or cancelled.
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NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised in the period in which the estimate is revised where the revision affects only that period, or in the period of the revision and future periods where the revision affects both current and future periods.
Critical judgements
The following judgements (apart from those involving estimates) have had the most significant effect on amounts recognised in the financial statements.
Trade debtors
Trade debtors consist of amounts due from customers. An allowance for doubtful debts is maintained for estimated losses resulting from the viability of the company's customers to make required payment. The allowance is based on the company's regular assessment of the credit worthiness and financial conditions of customers. At the year end, a bad debt provision of £72,610 (2024 - £34,504) was included within trade debtors.
Dilapidations provision
The provision relates to a dilapidation charge made to recognise the estimated cost of returning the leased property to its original condition in future years. The dilapidations provision is reassessed annually.
Carrying value of investments in subsidiary undertakings and amounts owed by group undertakings
The carrying value of investments in subsidiaries and amounts owed by group undertakings are initially recorded at costs and subsequently measured at cost less provision for impairment. The directors have reviewed all forecast and budgetary information available to them and have deemed there to be no objective evidence that the parent company will not recover the amount stated in the financial statements.
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NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
Analysis of turnover by country of destination:
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NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
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NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
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NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
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NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
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NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
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NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
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NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
18.Deferred taxation (continued)
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Profit and loss account
Page 30
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
The parent undertaking of The Combined Services Provider Limited is Norland Equity Partners Acquisition Limited whose registered office and principal place of business is 85 Great Portland Street, London, England, W1W 7LT.
The smallest and largest group which The Combined Services Provider is consolidated into is Norland Equity Partners Acquisition Limited. A copy of the groups consolidated accounts can be found on the companies house website.
The smallest and largest group which The Combined Services Provider is consolidated into is Norland Equity Partners Acquisition Limited. A copy of the groups consolidated accounts can be found on the companies house website.
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