Company registration number SC478631 (Scotland)
CLARK CONTRACTS (GROUP) LIMITED
ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 OCTOBER 2025
CLARK CONTRACTS (GROUP) LIMITED
COMPANY INFORMATION
Directors
Gordon Cunningham
Gerry Cummins
Michael Scanlan
John Mooney
Secretary
John Mooney
Company number
SC478631
Registered office
23 McFarlane Street
Paisley
United Kingdom
PA3 1RY
Auditor
Azets Audit Services
Titanium 1
Kings Inch Place
Renfrew
United Kingdom
PA4 8WF
CLARK CONTRACTS (GROUP) LIMITED
CONTENTS
Page
Strategic report
1 - 3
Directors' report
4 - 5
Directors' responsibilities statement
6
Independent auditor's report
7 - 9
Group statement of comprehensive income
10
Group balance sheet
11
Company balance sheet
12
Group statement of changes in equity
13
Company statement of changes in equity
14
Group statement of cash flows
15
Notes to the financial statements
16 - 30
CLARK CONTRACTS (GROUP) LIMITED
STRATEGIC REPORT
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 OCTOBER 2025
- 1 -

The directors present the strategic report for the year ended 31 October 2025.

Review of the business

The Directors regard turnover and profit before tax as key performance measures.

Turnover increased by 18% to £125.9m, gross profits increased to £14.9m. The profit on ordinary activities before tax is £2.6m up from £2m in the previous year.

The directors consider this financial performance to be good, particularly in view of the cost of inflationary conditions, the lack of supply of skilled resources a nd the high level of competitiveness in the sector.

The company’s financial position is healthy and the prospects and opportunities for the business moving forward remain very positive.

People

The business has continued to invest significantly in people and our Training Academy as part of our Learning & Development strategy for developing our talent pipeline for our next generation of business leaders.

Through this ongoing commitment to develop our talent pipeline, the Directors consider our people are, and will continue to be, our biggest strategic advantage, to support our conintued development.

Disabled Employees

Applications for employment by disabled persons are always considered, bearing in mind the aptitudes and abilities of the applicant concerned. In the event of members of staff becoming disabled, every effort is made to ensure that their employment with the company continues and that appropriate training is arranged. It is the policy of the company that the training, career development and promotion of disabled employees should, as far as possible, be identical to that of other employees.

Future Prospects

The economic outlook continues to be a concerning one with rising costs and supply chain issues.

The Directors will continue to monitor developments closely and take appropriate action to mitigate any risks.

The company continues to invest in its people, through our award winning Academy and our Leadership Development Programme. This combines vocational learning with our partner organisations in the further education sector and our own tailored training process focused on the development of our Customers 1st culture and on delivering ‘the Clark Contracts Way’.

Our continued re-investment of profits in the business has ensured that we remain in a strong position allowing the directors to make the best medium to long term decisions to benefit the business.

Development & performance

Clark Contracts is a leader in construction, building refurbishment and property maintenance, operating throughout the United Kingdom. The company undertakes projects and delivers maintenance services for clients in the commercial and public sectors.

No significant change in the nature of these activities occurred during the year.

Fixed assets

In the opinion of the directors, the value of the company's freehold land and buildings is not materially in excess of that shown in the financial statements when considered in relation to its use in the company's trade.

CLARK CONTRACTS (GROUP) LIMITED
STRATEGIC REPORT (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 OCTOBER 2025
- 2 -
Directors statement of compliance

The Directors, in accordance with their duties under s172 of the Companies Act 2006, act individually and collectively in the way they consider, in good faith, would be most likely to promote the success of the company for the benefit of all stakeholders.

The company is led by an experienced board which controls the company and has worked together for over 1 7 years ensuring all decisions take into account:

- The long term impact of the decisions;

- The long term interests of the employees;

- Maintaining a high standard of business conduct;

- Developing business relationships with customers, supply chain and others;

- The impact of our operations on the communities in which we work and the wider environment; and

- The need to act fairly between members of the company.

Our business strategy is to remain profitable and sustainable which allows the company to invest in the long term and allow members of the team to develop their careers through the business.

On an annual basis the board sets financial and non-financial targets for all divisions and departments which are reported on and regularly reviewed at division and board level.

In addition to the current market volatility the level of competitiveness in our sector has always been high and remains so. We continue to monitor and benchmark our performance, utilising a number of recognised industry Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) in the following areas:

Health and safety

People

Customers

Financial

Environmental

Supply Chain Management

Business Development

We continue to regularly update all employees through our weekly news email updates and our twice yearly division briefings where we review financial and economic factors affecting the performance of the company.

Feedback from our annual employee survey continues to initiate many of our company initiatives. Our employee led Steering Group meets monthly with a brief to develop employee engagement and act as a conduit for improvements in our Customers 1st campaign and the general development of the business.

The Directors meet on a weekly basis to review current and future contracts which ensures a consistent overview is taken and enables any issues to be addressed if required.

Health & Safety is always a prime focus for us and in 202 6 we were presented with our 6 th Order of Distinction from the Royal Society for the Prevention of Accidents (RoSPA), as a result of achieving 20 consecutive Gold Medal awards.

As part of our long term strategy we continue to focus on repeat business whilst targeting new customers, sectors and locations to support the long term growth of the business. Our ability to build and maintain long lasting relationships with clients has and will continue to serve us well.

We actively engage with the local communities and our employees continue to utilise their annual company charity day to support many charities.

CLARK CONTRACTS (GROUP) LIMITED
STRATEGIC REPORT (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 OCTOBER 2025
- 3 -

We work with a core group of subcontractors with whom we have developed long term relationships which ensures we award subcontracts to those who have the skills and experience to deliver for us on multiple projects. Our supply chain strategy includes adding similarly skilled subcontractors to the core as they prove themselves with their operational performance.

The Directors and Senior Management will continue to act responsibly and maintain our company values and this will be supported by strong governance to ensure we achieve our long term strategy for the company.

On behalf of the board

Gordon Cunningham
Managing Director
23 June 2026
CLARK CONTRACTS (GROUP) LIMITED
DIRECTORS' REPORT
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 OCTOBER 2025
- 4 -

The directors present their annual report and financial statements for the year ended 31 October 2025.

Principal activities

The principal activity of the company and group continued to be that of construction, building refurbishment and property maintenance.

Results and dividends

The results for the year are set out on page 10.

No ordinary dividends were paid. The directors do not recommend payment of a further dividend.

Directors

The directors who held office during the year and up to the date of signature of the financial statements were as follows:

Gordon Cunningham
Gerry Cummins
John Mooney
Michael Scanlan
Auditor

The auditor, Azets Audit Services, is deemed to be reappointed under section 487(2) of the Companies Act 2006.

Energy and carbon report

Streamlined Energy and Carbon Reporting (SECR) is presented in accordance with The Companies (Directors’ Report) and Limited Liability Partnerships (Energy and Carbon Report) Regulations 2018 which introduced energy and carbon reporting requirements for large unquoted companies in the UK. Large unquoted companies are obliged to report their UK energy use and associated GHG emissions as a minimum relating to gas, electricity and transport fuel, as well as an intensity ratio and information relating to energy efficiency action, through their annual reports.

The company meets the criteria of a large unquoted company. The energy and emissions data presented here include all UK operations of the company, where we have operational control in the financial year.

2025
2024
Energy consumption
kWh
kWh
Aggregate of energy consumption in the year
1,904,630
1,792,345
Additional GHG disclosure:
Stationary combustion: Gas Oil (Scope 1)
2,580,416
3,354,476
2025
2024
Emissions of CO2 equivalent
metric tonnes
metric tonnes
- Associated greenhouse gas emissions
459.00
423.00
Intensity ratio
T CO2e per £m revenue
4
4
CLARK CONTRACTS (GROUP) LIMITED
DIRECTORS' REPORT (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 OCTOBER 2025
- 5 -
Quantification and reporting methodology

The methodologies used in calculating total energy and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions include the GHG Protocol Corporate Standard, the 2019 HM Government Environmental Reporting Guidelines and the 2025 UK Government’s Conversion Factors for Company Reporting.

Data on gas combustion and purchased electricity was sourced from verifiable data from supplier invoices and purchase receipts. Transport fuel data was obtained primarily from supplier fuel card reports showing the volume of fuel utilised, verified by supplier invoices. Mileage data on business travel was converted to kWh using kWh/Mile conversion factors from UK Government GHG Conversion Factors 2025.

For unquoted companies, fugitive emissions from refrigerants do not require to be reported under SECR and these have not been included. In addition to the minimum SECR requirements, energy and GHG emissions associated with the consumption of gas oil in stationary equipment (e.g., generators) were also calculated and reported.

Intensity measurement

The intensity metric selected by the company is tonnes of CO2e per total £m sales revenue. The intensity ratio was calculated by dividing total GHG emissions (tonnes) by total sales revenue for the financial year ended 31 October 2025. It was calculated as 3.63 tonnes of CO2e per one million of revenue.

During the reporting year, the volume of gas consumption, purchase of grid electricity and business travel have all decreased compared to the previous year. The consumption of fuel in fleet vehicles increased compared to the prior year.

Measures taken to improve energy efficiency

Energy reduction measures planned for 2025 are as follows:

- Reduction in the use of diesel generators in favour of electrical or hybrid options.

- Continued electrification of the company’s car fleet.

- The promotion of CO2 reduction through guidance and staff awareness.

Statement of disclosure to auditor

So far as each person who was a director at the date of approving this report is aware, there is no relevant audit information of which the auditor of the company is unaware. Additionally, the directors individually have taken all the necessary steps that they ought to have taken as directors in order to make themselves aware of all relevant audit information and to establish that the auditor of the company is aware of that information.

Post balance sheet event

There have been no significant events affecting the company since the year end.

On behalf of the board
Gordon Cunningham
Director
23 June 2026
CLARK CONTRACTS (GROUP) LIMITED
DIRECTORS' RESPONSIBILITIES STATEMENT
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 OCTOBER 2025
- 6 -

The directors are responsible for preparing the Annual Report and the financial statements in accordance with applicable law and regulations.

Company law requires the directors to prepare financial statements for each financial year. Under that law the directors have elected to prepare the financial statements in accordance with United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice (United Kingdom Accounting Standards and applicable law). Under company law the directors must not approve the financial statements unless they are satisfied that they give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the group and company, and of the profit or loss of the group for that period. In preparing these financial statements, the directors are required to:

- select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently;

- make judgements and accounting estimates that are reasonable and prudent;

- state whether applicable UK Accounting Standards have been followed, subject to any material departures disclosed and explained in the financial statements; and

- prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that the group and company will continue in business.

The directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that are sufficient to show and explain the group’s and company’s transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the group and company and enable them to ensure that the financial statements comply with the Companies Act 2006. They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the group and company and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities.

CLARK CONTRACTS (GROUP) LIMITED
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR'S REPORT
TO THE MEMBERS OF CLARK CONTRACTS (GROUP) LIMITED
- 7 -
Opinion

We have audited the financial statements of Clark Contracts Group Limited (the 'parent company') and its subsidiaries (the 'group') for the year ended 31 October 2025 which comprise the group statement of comprehensive income, the group balance sheet, the company balance sheet, the group statement of changes in equity, the company statement of changes in equity, the group statement of cash flows and notes to the financial statements, including significant accounting policies. The financial reporting framework that has been applied in their preparation is applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards, including Financial Reporting Standard 102 The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice).

In our opinion the financial statements:

- give a true and fair view of the state of the group's and the parent company's affairs as at 31 October 2025 and of the group's profit for the year then ended;

- have been properly prepared in accordance with United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice; and

- have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006.

Basis for opinion

We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and applicable law. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditor's responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements section of our report. We are independent of the group and parent company in accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in the UK, including the FRC’s Ethical Standard, and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.

Conclusions relating to going concern

In auditing the financial statements, we have concluded that the directors' use of the going concern basis of accounting in the preparation of the financial statements is appropriate.

Based on the work we have performed, we have not identified any material uncertainties relating to events or conditions that, individually or collectively, may cast significant doubt on the group's and parent company's ability to continue as a going concern for a period of at least twelve months from when the financial statements are authorised for issue.

Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of the directors with respect to going concern are described in the relevant sections of this report.

Other information

The other information comprises the information included in the annual report other than the financial statements and our auditor's report thereon. The directors are responsible for the other information contained within the annual report. Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and, except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in our report, we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon.

Our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the course of the audit, or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If we identify such material inconsistencies or apparent material misstatements, we are required to determine whether this gives rise to a material misstatement in the financial statements themselves. If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact.

We have nothing to report in this regard.

CLARK CONTRACTS (GROUP) LIMITED
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR'S REPORT (CONTINUED)
TO THE MEMBERS OF CLARK CONTRACTS (GROUP) LIMITED
- 8 -

Opinions on other matters prescribed by the Companies Act 2006

In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of our audit:

- the information given in the strategic report and the directors' r eport for the financial year for which the financial statements are prepared is consistent with the financial statements; and

- the strategic report and the directors' report have been prepared in accordance with applicable legal requirements.

Matters on which we are required to report by exception

In the light of the knowledge and understanding of the group and the parent company and their environment obtained in the course of the audit, we have not identifie d material misstatements in the strategic report and the directors' r eport.

We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters where the Companies Act 2006 requires us to report to you if, in our opinion:

- adequate accounting records have not been kept by the parent company, or returns adequate for our audit have not been received from branches not visited by us; or

- the parent company financial statements are not in agreement with the accounting records and returns; or

- certain disclosures of directors' remuneration specified by law are not made; or

- we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit.

Responsibilities of directors

As explained more fully in the directors' r esponsibilities s tatement, the directors are responsible for the preparation of the financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair view, and for such internal control as the directors determine is necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error. In preparing the financial statements, the directors are responsible for assessing the group and parent company's ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the directors either intend to liquidate the group and the company or to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so.

Auditor's responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor's report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements.

A further description of our responsibilities is available on the Financial Reporting Council’s website at: https://www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities. This description forms part of our auditor's report.

CLARK CONTRACTS (GROUP) LIMITED
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR'S REPORT (CONTINUED)
TO THE MEMBERS OF CLARK CONTRACTS (GROUP) LIMITED
- 9 -

Extent to which the audit was considered capable of detecting irregularities, including fraud

Irregularities, including fraud, are instances of non-compliance with laws and regulations. We design procedures in line with our responsibilities, outlined above and on the Financial Reporting Council’s website, to detect material misstatements in respect of irregularities, including fraud.

We obtain and update our understanding of the entity, its activities, its control environment, and likely future developments, including in relation to the legal and regulatory framework applicable and how the entity is complying with that framework. Based on this understanding, we identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to fraud or error, design and perform audit procedures responsive to those risks, and obtain audit evidence that is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. This includes consideration of the risk of acts by the entity that were contrary to applicable laws and regulations, including fraud.

In response to the risk of irregularities and non-compliance with laws and regulations, including fraud, we designed procedures which included:

- Enquiry of management and those charged with governance around actual and potential litigation and claims as well as actual, suspected and alleged fraud;

- Reviewing minutes of meetings of those charged with governance;

- Assessing the extent of compliance with the laws and regulations considered to have a direct material effect on the financial statements or the operations of the entity through enquiry and inspection;

- Reviewing financial statement disclosures and testing to supporting documentation to assess compliance with applicable laws and regulations;

- Performing audit work over the risk of management bias and override of controls, including testing of journal entries and other adjustments for appropriateness, evaluating the business rationale of significant transactions outside the normal course of business and reviewing accounting estimates for indicators of potential bias.

Because of the inherent limitations of an audit, there is a risk that we will not detect all irregularities, including those leading to a material misstatement in the financial statements or non-compliance with regulation. This risk increases the more that compliance with a law or regulation is removed from the events and transactions reflected in the financial statements, as we will be less likely to become aware of instances of non-compliance. The risk of not detecting a material misstatement resulting from fraud is higher than for one resulting from error, as fraud may involve collusion, forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations, or the override of internal control.

Use of our report

This report is made solely to the company’s members, as a body, in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of the Companies Act 2006. Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the company’s members those matters we are required to state to them in an auditor's report and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other than the company and the company’s members as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we have formed.

Jennifer Alexander (Senior Statutory Auditor)
For and on behalf of Azets Audit Services, Statutory Auditor
Chartered Accountants
Titanium 1
Kings Inch Place
Renfrew
PA4 8WF
23 June 2026
CLARK CONTRACTS (GROUP) LIMITED
GROUP STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 OCTOBER 2025
- 10 -
2025
2024
Notes
£
£
Turnover
3
125,898,695
106,545,496
Cost of sales
(110,948,780)
(93,744,201)
Gross profit
14,949,915
12,801,295
Administrative expenses
(12,619,231)
(10,946,545)
Other operating income
60,000
-
0
Operating profit
4
2,390,684
1,854,750
Interest receivable and similar income
148,992
162,242
Interest payable and similar expenses
-
0
(12,339)
Profit before taxation
2,539,676
2,004,653
Tax on profit
8
(707,286)
(616,125)
Profit for the financial year
20
1,832,390
1,388,528
Profit for the financial year is all attributable to the owners of the parent company.
Total comprehensive income for the year is all attributable to the owners of the parent company.
CLARK CONTRACTS (GROUP) LIMITED
GROUP BALANCE SHEET
AS AT
31 OCTOBER 2025
31 October 2025
- 11 -
2025
2024
Notes
£
£
£
£
Fixed assets
Goodwill
10
-
0
112,973
Tangible assets
11
1,434,187
1,559,198
1,434,187
1,672,171
Current assets
Debtors
14
30,062,882
26,549,036
Cash at bank and in hand
14,367,375
10,291,992
44,430,257
36,841,028
Creditors: amounts falling due within one year
15
(31,558,113)
(25,612,751)
Net current assets
12,872,144
11,228,277
Total assets less current liabilities
14,306,331
12,900,448
Creditors: amounts falling due after more than one year
16
(703,606)
(1,113,686)
Provisions for liabilities
Deferred tax liability
17
60,753
77,180
(60,753)
(77,180)
Net assets
13,541,972
11,709,582
Capital and reserves
Called up share capital
19
1,000
1,000
Share premium account
20
249,000
249,000
Profit and loss reserves
20
13,291,972
11,459,582
Total equity
13,541,972
11,709,582
The financial statements were approved by the board of directors and authorised for issue on 23 June 2026 and are signed on its behalf by:
23 June 2026
Gordon Cunningham
Gerry Cummins
Director
Director
Company registration number SC478631 (Scotland)
CLARK CONTRACTS (GROUP) LIMITED
COMPANY BALANCE SHEET
AS AT 31 OCTOBER 2025
31 October 2025
- 12 -
2025
2024
Notes
£
£
£
£
Fixed assets
Investments
12
5,596,808
5,596,808
5,596,808
5,596,808
Current assets
Cash at bank and in hand
952
952
Creditors: amounts falling due within one year
15
(5,346,868)
(6,546,868)
Net current liabilities
(5,345,916)
(6,545,916)
Net assets/(liabilities)
250,892
(949,108)
Capital and reserves
Called up share capital
19
1,000
1,000
Share premium account
20
249,000
249,000
Profit and loss reserves
20
892
(1,199,108)
Total equity
250,892
(949,108)

As permitted by s408 Companies Act 2006, the c ompany has not presented its own profit and loss account and related notes. The c ompany’s profit for the year was £1,200,000 (2024 - £8,468 loss).

The financial statements were approved by the board of directors and authorised for issue on 23 June 2026 and are signed on its behalf by:
23 June 2026
Gordon Cunningham
Gerry Cummins
Director
Director
Company registration number SC478631 (Scotland)
CLARK CONTRACTS (GROUP) LIMITED
GROUP STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 OCTOBER 2025
- 13 -
Share capital
Share premium account
Profit and loss reserves
Total
£
£
£
£
Balance at 1 November 2023
1,000
249,000
10,071,054
10,321,054
Year ended 31 October 2024:
Profit and total comprehensive income
-
-
1,388,528
1,388,528
Balance at 31 October 2024
1,000
249,000
11,459,582
11,709,582
Year ended 31 October 2025:
Profit and total comprehensive income
-
-
1,832,390
1,832,390
Balance at 31 October 2025
1,000
249,000
13,291,972
13,541,972
CLARK CONTRACTS (GROUP) LIMITED
COMPANY STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 OCTOBER 2025
- 14 -
Share capital
Share premium account
Profit and loss reserves
Total
£
£
£
£
Balance at 1 November 2023
1,000
249,000
(1,190,640)
(940,640)
Year ended 31 October 2024:
Loss and total comprehensive income for the year
-
-
(8,468)
(8,468)
Balance at 31 October 2024
1,000
249,000
(1,199,108)
(949,108)
Year ended 31 October 2025:
Profit and total comprehensive income
-
-
1,200,000
1,200,000
Balance at 31 October 2025
1,000
249,000
892
250,892
CLARK CONTRACTS (GROUP) LIMITED
GROUP STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 OCTOBER 2025
- 15 -
2025
2024
Notes
£
£
£
£
Cash flows from operating activities
Cash generated from operations
24
4,945,667
2,342,613
Interest paid
-
0
(12,339)
Income taxes paid
(948,478)
-
0
Net cash inflow from operating activities
3,997,189
2,330,274
Investing activities
Purchase of tangible fixed assets
(70,798)
(140,440)
Interest received
148,992
162,242
Net cash generated from investing activities
78,194
21,802
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents
4,075,383
2,352,076
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year
10,291,992
7,939,916
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year
14,367,375
10,291,992
CLARK CONTRACTS (GROUP) LIMITED
NOTES TO THE GROUP FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 OCTOBER 2025
- 16 -
1
Accounting policies
Company information

These financial statements are presented in Pounds Sterling (GBP), as that is the currency in which the group and its subsidiary transactions are denominated. They comprise the financial statements of the group drawn up for the year ended 31 October 20 25.

The continuing activities of Clark Contracts (Group) Limited (‘the group’) is construction, building refurbishment and property maintenance.

The company is a private company limited by shares incorporated in the United Kingdom and registered in Scotland. Details of the registered office can be found on the company information page of these financial statements.

The company registered number is SC478631.

1.1
Accounting convention

These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with FRS 102 “The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland” (“FRS 102”) and the requirements of the Companies Act 2006.

The financial statements are prepared in sterling, which is the functional currency of the group. Monetary a mounts in these financial statements are rounded to the nearest £.

The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention. The principal accounting policies adopted are set out below.

The company is a qualifying entity for the purposes of FRS 102, being a member of a group where the parent of that group prepares publicly available consolidated financial statements, including this company, which are intended to give a true and fair view of the assets, liabilities, financial position and profit or loss of the group. The company has therefore taken advantage of exemptions from the following disclosure requirements for parent company information presented within the consolidated financial statements:

- Section 4 ‘Statement of Financial Position’: Reconciliation of the opening and closing number of shares;

- Section 7 ‘Statement of Cash Flows’: Presentation of a statement of cash flow and related notes and disclosures;

- Section 11 ‘Basic Financial Instruments’ and Section 12 ‘Other Financial Instrument Issues’: Carrying amounts, interest income/expense and net gains/losses for each category of financial instrument; basis of determining fair values; details of collateral, loan defaults or breaches, details of hedges, hedging fair value changes recognised in profit or loss and in other comprehensive income;

- Section 26 ‘Share based Payment’: Share-based payment expense charged to profit or loss, reconciliation of opening and closing number and weighted average exercise price of share options, how the fair value of options granted was measured, measurement and carrying amount of liabilities for cash-settled share-based payments, explanation of modifications to arrangements;

- Section 33 ‘Related Party Disclosures’: Compensation for key management personnel.

1.2
Business combinations

In the parent company financial statements, t he cost of a business combination is the fair value at the acquisition date of the assets given, equity instruments issued and liabilities incurred or assumed, plus costs directly attributable to the business combination. The excess of the cost of a business combination over the fair value of the identifiable assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities acquired is recognised as goodwill. I nvestments in subsidiaries are accounted for at cost less impairment.

CLARK CONTRACTS (GROUP) LIMITED
NOTES TO THE GROUP FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 OCTOBER 2025
1
Accounting policies
(Continued)
- 17 -
1.3
Basis of consolidation

The consolidated group financial statements consist of the financial statements of the parent company Clark Contracts (Group) Limited together with all entities controlled by the parent company (its subsidiary).

All intra-group transactions, balances and unrealised gains on transactions between group companies are eliminated on consolidation.

All financial statements are made up to 31 October 2025. Where necessary, adjustments are made to the financial statements of subsidiaries to bring the accounting policies used into line with those used by other members of the g roup.

The subsidiary is consolidated in the group’s financial statements from the date that control commences until the date that control ceases.

1.4
Going concern

The group has maintained a strong financial position during the year and the directors anticipate that the group will continue to be profit making for the year ended 31 October 202 6 and beyond. The directors therefore continue to adopt the going concern assumption in the preparation of these financial statements.

1.5
Turnover

Turnover is recognised at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable for goods and services provided in the normal course of business, and is shown net of VAT and other sales related taxes. The fair value of consideration takes into account trade discounts, settlement discounts and volume rebates.

When cash inflows are deferred and represent a financing arrangement, the fair value of the consideration is the present value of the future receipts. The difference between the fair value of the consideration and the nominal amount received is recognised as interest income.

Revenue is recognised when the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the goods have passed to the buyer, the amount of revenue can be measured reliably, it is probable that the economic benefits associated with the transaction will flow to the entity and the costs incurred or to be incurred in respect of the transaction can be measured reliably.

Revenue from contracts for the provision of professional services is recognised by reference to the stage of completion when the stage of completion, costs incurred and costs to complete can be estimated reliably. The stage of completion is determined by performing surveys of the work performed to date. Where the outcome cannot be estimated reliably, revenue is recognised only to the extent of the expenses recognised that it is probable will be recovered.

1.6
Intangible fixed assets - goodwill

Goodwill represents the excess of the cost of acquisition of a business over the fair value of net assets acquired. It is initially recognised as an asset at cost and is subsequently measured at cost less accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses. Goodwill is considered to have a finite useful life and is amortised on a systematic basis over its expected life, which is 10 years.

1.7
Tangible fixed assets

Tangible fixed assets are initially measured at cost and subsequently measured at cost or valuation, net of depreciation and any impairment losses.

CLARK CONTRACTS (GROUP) LIMITED
NOTES TO THE GROUP FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 OCTOBER 2025
1
Accounting policies
(Continued)
- 18 -

Depreciation is recognised so as to write off the cost or valuation of assets less their residual values over their useful lives on the following bases:

Buildings
2% straight line
Plant and equipment
25% straight line
Fixtures and fittings
10% to 33% straight line
Motor vehicles
25% straight line

The gain or loss arising on the disposal of an asset is determined as the difference between the sale proceeds and the carrying value of the asset, and is recognised in the profit and loss account.

1.8
Fixed asset investments

Fixed asset investments are stated at cost, less any provisions required where there has been a permanent diminution in their value.

1.9
Impairment of fixed assets

At each reporting period end date, the group reviews the carrying amounts of its tangible and intangible assets to determine whether there is any indication that those assets have suffered an impairment loss. If any such indication exists, the recoverable amount of the asset is estimated in order to determine the extent of the impairment loss (if any). Where it is not possible to estimate the recoverable amount of an individual asset, the group estimates the recoverable amount of the cash-generating unit to which the asset belongs.

Recoverable amount is the higher of fair value less costs to sell and value in use. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset for which the estimates of future cash flows have not been adjusted.

If the recoverable amount of an asset (or cash-generating unit) is estimated to be less than its carrying amount, the carrying amount of the asset (or cash-generating unit) is reduced to its recoverable amount. An impairment loss is recognised immediately in profit or loss, unless the relevant asset is carried at a revalued amount, in which case the impairment loss is treated as a revaluation decrease.

Recognised impairment losses are reversed if, and only if, the reasons for the impairment loss have ceased to apply. Where an impairment loss subsequently reverses, the carrying amount of the asset (or cash-generating unit) is increased to the revised estimate of its recoverable amount, but so that the increased carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined had no impairment loss been recognised for the asset (or cash-generating unit) in prior years. A reversal of an impairment loss is recognised immediately in profit or loss, unless the relevant asset is carried at a revalued amount, in which case the reversal of the impairment loss is treated as a revaluation increase.

1.10
Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents are basic financial assets and include cash in hand, deposits held at call with banks, other short-term liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less.

CLARK CONTRACTS (GROUP) LIMITED
NOTES TO THE GROUP FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 OCTOBER 2025
1
Accounting policies
(Continued)
- 19 -
1.11
Financial instruments

The group has elected to apply the provisions of Section 11 ‘Basic Financial Instruments’ of FRS 102 to all of its financial instruments.

Financial instruments are recognised in the group's balance sheet when the group becomes party to the contractual provisions of the instrument.

Financial assets and liabilities are offset and the net amounts presented in the financial statements when there is a legally enforceable right to set off the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis or to realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.

Basic financial assets

Basic financial assets, which include debtors and cash and bank balances, are initially measured at transaction price including transaction costs and are subsequently carried at amortised cost using the effective interest m ethod unless the arrangement constitutes a financing transaction, where the transaction is measured at the present value of the future receipts discounted at a market rate of interest. Financial assets classified as receivable within one year are not amortised.

Impairment of financial assets

Financial assets are impaired where there is objective evidence that, as a result of one or more events that occurred after the initial recognition of the financial asset, the estimated future cash flows have been affected. If an asset is impaired, the impairment loss is the difference between the carrying amount and the present value of the estimated cash flows discounted at the asset’s original effective interest rate. The impairment loss is recognised in profit or loss.

If there is a decrease in the impairment loss arising from an event occurring after the impairment was recognised, the impairment is reversed. The reversal is such that the current carrying amount does not exceed what the carrying amount would have been, had the impairment not previously been recognised. The impairment reversal is recognised in profit or loss.

Derecognition of financial assets

Financial assets are derecognised only when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the asset expire or are settled, or when the group transfers the financial asset and substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership to another entity, or if some significant risks and rewards of ownership are retained but control of the asset has transferred to another party that is able to sell the asset in its entirety to an unrelated third party.

Classification of financial liabilities

Financial liabilities and equity instruments are classified according to the substance of the contractual arrangements entered into. An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of the group after deducting all of its liabilities.

Basic financial liabilities

Basic financial liabilities, including creditors, bank loans and loans from fellow group companies, are initially recognised at transaction price unless the arrangement constitutes a financing transaction, where the debt instrument is measured at the present value of the future paymen ts discounted at a market rate of interest. Financial liabilities classified as payable within one year are not amortised.

Debt instruments are subsequently carried at amortised cost, using the effective interest rate method.

Trade creditors are obligations to pay for goods or services that have been acquired in the ordinary course of business from suppliers. Amounts payable are classified as current liabilities if payment is due within one year or less. If not, they are presented as non-current liabilities. Trade creditors are recognised initially at transaction price and subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method.

CLARK CONTRACTS (GROUP) LIMITED
NOTES TO THE GROUP FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 OCTOBER 2025
1
Accounting policies
(Continued)
- 20 -
Derecognition of financial liabilities

Financial liabilities are derecognised when the group's contractual obligations expire or are discharged or cancelled.

1.12
Equity instruments

Equity instruments issued by the group are recorded at the proceeds received, net of transaction costs. Dividends payable on equity instruments are recognised as liabilities once they are no longer at the discretion of the group.

1.13
Taxation

The tax expense represents the sum of the tax currently payable and deferred tax.

Current tax

The tax currently payable is based on taxable profit for the year. Taxable profit differs from net profit as reported in the profit and loss account because it excludes items of income or expense that are taxable or deductible in other years and it further excludes items that are never taxable or deductible. The group’s liability for current tax is calculated using tax rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the reporting end date.

Deferred tax

Deferred tax liabilities are generally recognised for all timing differences and deferred tax assets are recognised to the extent that it is probable that they will be recovered against the reversal of deferred tax liabilities or other future taxable profits. Such assets and liabilities are not recognised if the timing difference arises from goodwill or from the initial recognition of other assets and liabilities in a transaction that affects neither the tax profit nor the accounting profit.

The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at each reporting end date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profits will be available to allow all or part of the asset to be recovered. Deferred tax is calculated at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the period when the liability is settled or the asset is realised. Deferred tax is charged or credited in the profit and loss account, except when it relates to items charged or credited directly to equity, in which case the deferred tax is also dealt with in equity. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset if, and only if, there is a legally enforceable right to offset current tax assets and liabilities and the deferred tax assets and liabilities relate to taxes levied by the same tax authority.

1.14
Provisions

Provisions are recognised when the group has a legal or constructive present obligation as a result of a past event, it is probable that the group will be required to settle that obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation.

The amount recognised as a provision is the best estimate of the consideration required to settle the present obligation at the reporting end date, taking into account the risks and uncertainties surrounding the obligation. Where the effect of the time value of money is material, the amount expected to be required to settle the obligation is recognised at present value. When a provision i s measured at present value, the unwinding of the discount is recognised as a finance cost in profit or loss in the period in which it arises.

CLARK CONTRACTS (GROUP) LIMITED
NOTES TO THE GROUP FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 OCTOBER 2025
1
Accounting policies
(Continued)
- 21 -
1.15
Employee benefits

The costs of short-term employee benefits are recognised as a liability and an expense, unless those costs are required to be recognised as part of the cost of stock or fixed assets.

The cost of any unused holiday entitlement is recognised in the period in which the employee’s services are received.

Termination benefits are recognised immediately as an expense when the group is demonstrably committed to terminate the employment of an employee or to provide termination benefits.

1.16
Retirement benefits

Payments to defined contribution retirement benefit schemes are charged as an expense as they fall due.

1.17
Leases

Leases are classified as finance leases whenever the terms of the lease transfer substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership to the lessees. All other leases are classified as operating leases.

Assets held under finance leases are recognised as assets at the lower of the assets fair value at the date of inception and the present value of the minimum lease payments. The related liability is included in the balance sheet as a finance lease obligation. Lease payments are treated as consisting of capital and interest elements. The interest is charged to profit or loss so as to produce a constant periodic rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability.

Rentals payable under operating leases, including any lease incentives received, are charged to profit or loss on a straight line basis over the term of the relevant lease except where another more systematic basis is more representative of the time pattern in which economic benefits from the lease d asset are consumed.

Amounts due from lessees under finance leases are recognised as receivables at the amount of the group's net investment in the leases. Finance lease income is allocated to accounting periods so as to reflect a constant periodic rate of return on the group’s net investment outstanding in respect of leases.

Rental income from operating leases is recognised on a straight line basis over the term of the relevant lease. Initial direct costs incurred in negotiating and arranging an operating lease are added to the carrying amount of the leased asset and recognised on a straight line basis over the lease term.

1.18

Investments

Investments in the statement of financial position comprise cash on deposit at a fixed interest rate, with maturities of more than three months.

2
Judgements and key sources of estimation uncertainty

In the application of the group’s accounting policies, the directors are required to make judgements, estimates and assumptions about the carrying amount of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. The estimates and associated assumptions are based on historical experience and other factors that are considered to be relevant. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised in the period in which the estimate is revised where the revision affects only that period, or in the period of the revision and future periods where the revision affects both current and future periods.

The directors are satisfied that accounting policies are appropriate and applied consistently. Key sources of accounting estimation have been applied to the valuation of amounts recoverable on contracts, which through the directors extensive knowledge of the business and industry is deemed to be acceptable. Goodwill has been amortised over 10 years which is deemed appropriate and in line with FRS102.

CLARK CONTRACTS (GROUP) LIMITED
NOTES TO THE GROUP FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 OCTOBER 2025
- 22 -
3
Turnover and other revenue

The whole of the turnover is attributable to the principle activities of the group.

All turnover arose within the United Kingdom.

2025
2024
£
£
Other revenue
Interest income
148,992
162,242
4
Operating profit
2025
2024
£
£
Operating profit for the year is stated after charging:
Depreciation of owned tangible fixed assets
195,809
175,525
Amortisation of intangible assets
112,973
268,640
Operating lease charges
1,797,655
1,472,040
5
Auditor's remuneration
2025
2024
Fees payable to the company's auditor and associates:
£
£
For audit services
Audit of the financial statements of the group and company
7,500
7,000
Audit of the financial statements of the company's subsidiaries
29,400
27,300
36,900
34,300
For other services
Taxation compliance services
3,805
3,625
All other non-audit services
2,100
4,700
5,905
8,325
6
Employees

The average monthly number of persons (including directors) employed by the group and company during the year was:

Group
Company
2025
2024
2025
2024
Number
Number
Number
Number
Staff
195
164
-
-
Tradesman
74
70
-
-
Total
269
234
0
0
CLARK CONTRACTS (GROUP) LIMITED
NOTES TO THE GROUP FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 OCTOBER 2025
6
Employees
(Continued)
- 23 -

Their aggregate remuneration comprised:

Group
Company
2025
2024
2025
2024
£
£
£
£
Wages and salaries
14,088,751
12,486,364
-
0
-
0
Social security costs
1,639,090
1,326,526
-
-
Pension costs
386,340
293,550
-
0
-
0
16,114,181
14,106,440
-
0
-
0
7
Directors' remuneration
2025
2024
£
£
Remuneration for qualifying services
2,036,911
2,110,135
Company pension contributions to defined contribution schemes
32,298
31,357
2,069,209
2,141,492
Remuneration disclosed above includes the following amounts paid to the highest paid director:
2025
2024
£
£
Remuneration for qualifying services
825,799
836,756
Company pension contributions to defined contribution schemes
9,132
8,866

During the year retirement benefits were accruing to 4 directors (2024 - 4) in respect of defined contribution pension schemes.

8
Taxation
2025
2024
£
£
Current tax
UK corporation tax on profits for the current period
694,580
503,387
Adjustments in respect of prior periods
29,133
105,958
Total current tax
723,713
609,345
CLARK CONTRACTS (GROUP) LIMITED
NOTES TO THE GROUP FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 OCTOBER 2025
8
Taxation
2025
2024
£
£
(Continued)
- 24 -
Deferred tax
Origination and reversal of timing differences
(16,427)
(16,843)
Other adjustments
-
0
23,623
Total deferred tax
(16,427)
6,780
Total tax charge
707,286
616,125

The actual charge for the year can be reconciled to the expected charge for the year based on the profit or loss and the standard rate of tax as follows:

2025
2024
£
£
Profit before taxation
2,539,676
2,004,653
Expected tax charge based on the standard rate of corporation tax in the UK of 25.00% (2024: 25.00%)
634,919
501,163
Tax effect of expenses that are not deductible in determining taxable profit
31,712
70,922
Adjustments in respect of prior years
29,133
105,958
Permanent capital allowances in excess of depreciation
11,522
11,522
Research and development tax credit
-
0
(73,440)
Deferred tax adjustments in respect of prior years
-
0
23,623
Movement in deferred tax not recognised
-
0
(23,623)
Taxation charge
707,286
616,125
9
Parent company profit for the year

The company has taken advantage of the exemption allowed under section 408 of the Companies Act 2006 and has not presented its own Statement of Comprehensive Income in these financial statements. The profit after tax of the parent company for the year was £1,200,000 (2024 - loss of £8,468).

CLARK CONTRACTS (GROUP) LIMITED
NOTES TO THE GROUP FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 OCTOBER 2025
- 25 -
10
Intangible fixed assets
Group
Goodwill
£
Cost
At 1 November 2024 and 31 October 2025
2,686,396
Amortisation and impairment
At 1 November 2024
2,573,423
Amortisation charged for the year
112,973
At 31 October 2025
2,686,396
Carrying amount
At 31 October 2025
-
0
At 31 October 2024
112,973
The company had no intangible fixed assets at 31 October 2025 or 31 October 2024.
11
Tangible fixed assets
Group
Buildings
Plant and equipment
Fixtures and fittings
Motor vehicles
Total
£
£
£
£
£
Cost
At 1 November 2024
2,260,127
385,156
794,734
62,995
3,503,012
Additions
-
0
-
0
70,798
-
0
70,798
Disposals
-
0
-
0
(314,751)
-
0
(314,751)
At 31 October 2025
2,260,127
385,156
550,781
62,995
3,259,059
Depreciation and impairment
At 1 November 2024
947,908
385,156
564,816
45,934
1,943,814
Depreciation charged in the year
46,085
-
0
133,975
15,749
195,809
Eliminated in respect of disposals
-
0
-
0
(314,751)
-
0
(314,751)
At 31 October 2025
993,993
385,156
384,040
61,683
1,824,872
Carrying amount
At 31 October 2025
1,266,134
-
0
166,741
1,312
1,434,187
At 31 October 2024
1,312,219
-
0
229,918
17,061
1,559,198
The company had no tangible fixed assets at 31 October 2025 or 31 October 2024.
CLARK CONTRACTS (GROUP) LIMITED
NOTES TO THE GROUP FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 OCTOBER 2025
11
Tangible fixed assets
(Continued)
- 26 -

The net carrying value of tangible fixed assets includes the following in respect of assets held under finance leases or hire purchase contracts.

Group
Company
2025
2024
2025
2024
£
£
£
£
Motor vehicles
1,317
17,061
-
0
-
0
12
Fixed asset investments
Group
Company
2025
2024
2025
2024
Notes
£
£
£
£
Investments in subsidiaries
13
-
0
-
0
5,596,808
5,596,808
Movements in fixed asset investments
Company
Shares in subsidiaries
£
Cost or valuation
At 1 November 2024 and 31 October 2025
5,596,808
Carrying amount
At 31 October 2025
5,596,808
At 31 October 2024
5,596,808
13
Subsidiaries

Details of the company's subsidiaries at 31 October 2025 are as follows:

Name of undertaking
Registered office
Class of
% Held
shares held
Direct
Clark Contracts Limited
23 McFarlane Street, PA3 1RY, UK
Ordinary
100.00
CLARK CONTRACTS (GROUP) LIMITED
NOTES TO THE GROUP FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 OCTOBER 2025
- 27 -
14
Debtors
Group
Company
2025
2024
2025
2024
Amounts falling due within one year:
£
£
£
£
Trade debtors
13,299,660
8,527,349
-
0
-
0
Gross amounts owed by contract customers
7,504,033
5,498,272
-
0
-
0
Other debtors
7,082,179
11,198,589
-
0
-
0
Prepayments and accrued income
740,772
12,981
-
0
-
0
28,626,644
25,237,191
-
-
Amounts falling due after more than one year:
Trade debtors
1,436,238
1,311,845
-
0
-
0
Total debtors
30,062,882
26,549,036
-
-
15
Creditors: amounts falling due within one year
Group
Company
2025
2024
2025
2024
£
£
£
£
Trade creditors
10,620,377
12,360,575
-
0
-
0
Amounts owed to group undertakings
-
0
-
0
5,346,868
6,546,868
Corporation tax payable
384,580
609,345
-
0
-
0
Other taxation and social security
2,455,033
2,218,416
-
0
-
0
Other creditors
2,444,564
2,420,973
-
0
-
0
Accruals and deferred income
15,653,559
8,003,442
-
0
-
0
31,558,113
25,612,751
5,346,868
6,546,868

Santander plc has a fixed and floating charges over certain assets of the group.

16
Creditors: amounts falling due after more than one year
Group
Company
2025
2024
2025
2024
£
£
£
£
Trade creditors
703,606
1,113,686
-
0
-
0
CLARK CONTRACTS (GROUP) LIMITED
NOTES TO THE GROUP FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 OCTOBER 2025
- 28 -
17
Deferred taxation

The following are the major deferred tax liabilities and assets recognised by the group and company, and movements thereon:

Liabilities
Liabilities
2025
2024
Group
£
£
Fixed asset timing differences
62,753
79,180
Short term timing differences
(2,000)
(2,000)
60,753
77,180
The company has no deferred tax assets or liabilities.
Group
Company
2025
2025
Movements in the year:
£
£
Liability at 1 November 2024
77,180
-
Credit to profit or loss
(16,427)
-
Liability at 31 October 2025
60,753
-
18
Retirement benefit schemes
2025
2024
Defined contribution schemes
£
£
Charge to profit or loss in respect of defined contribution schemes
386,340
293,550

A defined contribution pension scheme is operated for all qualifying employees. The assets of the scheme are held separately from those of the group in an independently administered fund.

19
Share capital
Group and company
2025
2024
2025
2024
Ordinary share capital
Number
Number
£
£
Issued and fully paid
of £1 each
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000

Ordinary shares are not redeemable and have full voting and participation rights.

CLARK CONTRACTS (GROUP) LIMITED
NOTES TO THE GROUP FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 OCTOBER 2025
- 29 -
20
Reserves
Share premium

The share premium account includes any premium received on the issue of share capital. Any transaction costs associated with the issuing of shares are deducted from the share premium.

Profit and loss reserves

The profit and loss account includes all current and prior year retained profits or losses.

21
Financial commitments, guarantees and contingent liabilities

The group had entered into performance bonds, in the normal course of the business. It is not possible to estimate the financial effect, timing or possibility of reimbursement of these bonds.

22
Operating lease commitments

At the reporting end date the group had outstanding commitments for future minimum lease payments under non-cancellable operating leases, which fall due as follows:

Group
Company
2025
2024
2025
2024
£
£
£
£
Within one year
181,065
197,589
-
-
Between two and five years
382,155
549,925
-
-
563,220
747,514
-
-
23
Controlling party

The ultimate controlling party of the group is Gordon Cunningham, a director and majority shareholder.

24
Cash generated from group operations
2025
2024
£
£
Profit after taxation
1,832,390
1,388,528
Adjustments for:
Taxation charged
707,286
616,125
Finance costs
-
0
12,339
Investment income
(148,992)
(162,242)
Amortisation and impairment of intangible assets
112,973
268,640
Depreciation and impairment of tangible fixed assets
195,809
175,525
Movements in working capital:
(Increase)/decrease in debtors
(3,513,846)
94,295
Increase/(decrease) in creditors
5,760,047
(50,597)
Cash generated from operations
4,945,667
2,342,613
CLARK CONTRACTS (GROUP) LIMITED
NOTES TO THE GROUP FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 OCTOBER 2025
- 30 -
25
Analysis of changes in net funds - group
1 November 2024
Cash flows
31 October 2025
£
£
£
Cash at bank and in hand
10,291,992
4,075,383
14,367,375
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