Turnover is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable, net of discounts and value added taxes. Turnover includes revenue earned from the sale of goods and from the rendering of services.

Revenue from the sale of goods is recognised when the company has transferred to the buyer the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the goods, usually when goods are delivered and legal title has passed. Providing the amount of revenue can be measured reliably, it is probable that the economic benefits associated with the transaction will flow to the company and the costs incurred or to be incurred in respect of the transition can be measured reliably.

Revenue from the rendering of services is recognised by reference to the stage of completion of the contract. The stage of completion of a contract is measured by comparing the costs incurred for work performed to date to the total estimated contract costs. Turnover is only recognised to the extent of recoverable expenses when the outcome of a contract cannot be estimated reliably.

Deferred taxation is provided on the liability method to take account of timing differences between the treatment of certain items for accounts purposes and their treatment for tax purposes.

Tax deferred or accelerated is accounted for in respect of all material timing differences, in particular accelerated capital allowances and revaluation gains on investment properties. All deferred tax is charged/(credited) to the Income Statement.

The directors assess the company's tangible assets for evidence of impairment at each reporting date. Where there are indicators of impairment, the directors calculate recoverable amount of the asset(s) and compare this with the carrying amount. If the recoverable amount is lower than carrying amount, the asset is written down to recoverable amount by way of an impairment loss which is recognised in profit or loss for the period.

Impairment losses are reversed when there is evidence that the reasons giving rise to the original impairment have ceased to apply. Impairment losses are reversed through profit and loss but only to the extent that the reversal does not increase the carrying amount of the asset to the amount which would have been stated, net of depreciation, had no impairment loss been recognised.

Stocks are measured at the lower of cost and estimated selling price less costs to complete and sell. Cost includes all costs of purchase, costs of conversion and other costs incurred in bringing the stocks to their present location and condition.