IRIS Accounts Production v26.1.10.61 10461978 Board of Directors 1.1.25 31.12.25 31.12.25 false true false false false true false Ordinary Shares 149.00000 Preference 88.00000 iso4217:GBP iso4217:USD iso4217:EUR xbrli:shares xbrli:pure utr:tonnes utr:kWh 10461978 2024-12-31 10461978 2025-12-31 10461978 2025-01-01 2025-12-31 10461978 2023-12-31 10461978 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 10461978 2024-12-31 10461978 ns15:EnglandWales 2025-01-01 2025-12-31 10461978 ns14:PoundSterling 2025-01-01 2025-12-31 10461978 ns10:Director1 2025-01-01 2025-12-31 10461978 ns10:PrivateLimitedCompanyLtd 2025-01-01 2025-12-31 10461978 ns10:SmallEntities 2025-01-01 2025-12-31 10461978 ns10:AuditExempt-NoAccountantsReport 2025-01-01 2025-12-31 10461978 ns10:SmallCompaniesRegimeForDirectorsReport 2025-01-01 2025-12-31 10461978 ns10:SmallCompaniesRegimeForAccounts 2025-01-01 2025-12-31 10461978 ns10:FullAccounts 2025-01-01 2025-12-31 10461978 1 2025-01-01 2025-12-31 10461978 ns10:OrdinaryShareClass1 2025-01-01 2025-12-31 10461978 ns10:OrdinaryShareClass2 2025-01-01 2025-12-31 10461978 ns10:Director2 2025-01-01 2025-12-31 10461978 ns10:Director3 2025-01-01 2025-12-31 10461978 ns10:CompanySecretary1 2025-01-01 2025-12-31 10461978 ns10:RegisteredOffice 2025-01-01 2025-12-31 10461978 ns5:CurrentFinancialInstruments 2025-12-31 10461978 ns5:CurrentFinancialInstruments 2024-12-31 10461978 ns5:Non-currentFinancialInstruments 2025-12-31 10461978 ns5:Non-currentFinancialInstruments 2024-12-31 10461978 ns5:ShareCapital 2025-12-31 10461978 ns5:ShareCapital 2024-12-31 10461978 ns5:SharePremium 2025-12-31 10461978 ns5:SharePremium 2024-12-31 10461978 ns5:FurtherSpecificReserve1ComponentTotalEquity 2025-12-31 10461978 ns5:FurtherSpecificReserve1ComponentTotalEquity 2024-12-31 10461978 ns5:FurtherSpecificReserve2ComponentTotalEquity 2025-12-31 10461978 ns5:FurtherSpecificReserve2ComponentTotalEquity 2024-12-31 10461978 ns5:RetainedEarningsAccumulatedLosses 2025-12-31 10461978 ns5:RetainedEarningsAccumulatedLosses 2024-12-31 10461978 ns5:PatentsTrademarksLicencesConcessionsSimilar 2025-01-01 2025-12-31 10461978 ns5:ComputerEquipment 2025-01-01 2025-12-31 10461978 ns5:PatentsTrademarksLicencesConcessionsSimilar 2024-12-31 10461978 ns5:PatentsTrademarksLicencesConcessionsSimilar 2025-12-31 10461978 ns5:PatentsTrademarksLicencesConcessionsSimilar 2024-12-31 10461978 ns5:ComputerEquipment 2024-12-31 10461978 ns5:ComputerEquipment 2025-12-31 10461978 ns5:ComputerEquipment 2024-12-31 10461978 ns5:CostValuation 2024-12-31 10461978 ns5:ProvidedReleasedInPeriodProvisionsForImpairmentInvestments 2025-12-31 10461978 ns5:CostValuation 2025-12-31 10461978 ns5:WithinOneYear ns5:CurrentFinancialInstruments 2025-12-31 10461978 ns5:WithinOneYear ns5:CurrentFinancialInstruments 2024-12-31 10461978 ns10:OrdinaryShareClass1 2025-12-31 10461978 ns10:OrdinaryShareClass2 2025-12-31 10461978 ns5:RetainedEarningsAccumulatedLosses 2024-12-31 10461978 ns5:SharePremium 2024-12-31 10461978 ns5:FurtherSpecificReserve1ComponentTotalEquity 2024-12-31 10461978 ns5:FurtherSpecificReserve2ComponentTotalEquity 2024-12-31 10461978 ns5:RetainedEarningsAccumulatedLosses 2025-01-01 2025-12-31 10461978 ns5:SharePremium 2025-01-01 2025-12-31 10461978 ns5:FurtherSpecificReserve1ComponentTotalEquity 2025-01-01 2025-12-31 10461978 ns5:FurtherSpecificReserve2ComponentTotalEquity 2025-01-01 2025-12-31

REGISTERED NUMBER: 10461978 (England and Wales)

Unaudited Financial Statements for the Year Ended 31 December 2025

for

TAINA Technology Limited

| TAINA Technology Limited (Registered number: 10461978) |

Contents of the Financial Statements

for the Year Ended 31 December 2025

Page |

| Company Information | 1 |

| Balance Sheet | 2 |

| Notes to the Financial Statements | 4 |

| TAINA Technology Limited |

Company Information

for the Year Ended 31 December 2025

| DIRECTORS: | Ms M Scott

| S Park

| Dr J H Lee

| SECRETARY: | Ms E West

| REGISTERED OFFICE: | 1 Canada Square

| 8th Floor

| London

| E14 5AA

| REGISTERED NUMBER: | 10461978 (England and Wales)

| ACCOUNTANTS: | Wilson Partners Limited

| 1st Floor

| One Suffolk Way

| Sevenoaks

| Kent

| TN13 1YL

| TAINA Technology Limited (Registered number: 10461978) |

Balance Sheet

31 December 2025

| 2025 | 2024 |

| Notes | £ | £ | £ | £ |

FIXED ASSETS

Intangible assets | 4 | 9,418 |  | 6,715 |  |

Tangible assets | 5 | 15,292 |  | 23,849 |  |

Investments | 6 | 7 |  | 17,839 |  |

24,717 |  | 48,403 |  |

CURRENT ASSETS

Debtors | 7 | 1,214,972 |  | 1,513,836 |  |

Cash at bank | 919,998 |  | 1,611,964 |  |

2,134,970 |  | 3,125,800 |  |

CREDITORS

Amounts falling due within one year | 8 | 1,263,982 |  | 1,561,627 |  |

NET CURRENT ASSETS | 870,988 |  | 1,564,173 |  |

TOTAL ASSETS LESS CURRENT LIABILITIES | 895,705 |  | 1,612,576 |  |

CREDITORS

Amounts falling due after more than one year | 9 | 146,127 |  | 133,842 |  |

NET ASSETS | 749,578 |  | 1,478,734 |  |

CAPITAL AND RESERVES

Called up share capital | 10 | 237 |  | 237 |  |

Share premium | 11 | 14,607,993 |  | 14,607,993 |  |

Share option reserve | 11 | 11 |  | 9 |  |

Other reserves | 11 | 44,904 |  | 44,904 |  |

Retained earnings | 11 | (13,903,567 | ) | (13,174,409 | ) |

SHAREHOLDERS' FUNDS | 749,578 |  | 1,478,734 |  |

The company is entitled to exemption from audit under Section 477 of the Companies Act 2006 for the year ended 31 December 2025.

The members have not required the company to obtain an audit of its financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2025 in accordance with Section 476 of the Companies Act 2006.

The directors acknowledge their responsibilities for:

(a) | ensuring that the company keeps accounting records which comply with Sections 386 and 387 of the Companies Act 2006 and

(b) | preparing financial statements which give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the company as at the end of each financial year and of its profit or loss for each financial year in accordance with the requirements of Sections 394 and 395 and which otherwise comply with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006 relating to financial statements, so far as applicable to the company.

| TAINA Technology Limited (Registered number: 10461978) |

Balance Sheet - continued

31 December 2025

The financial statements have been prepared and delivered in accordance with the provisions applicable to companies subject to the small companies regime.

In accordance with Section 444 of the Companies Act 2006, the Income Statement has not been delivered.

The financial statements were approved by the Board of Directors and authorised for issue on 24 July 2026 and were signed on its behalf by:

Ms M Scott - Director

| TAINA Technology Limited (Registered number: 10461978) |

Notes to the Financial Statements

for the Year Ended 31 December 2025

1. | STATUTORY INFORMATION

| TAINA Technology Limited is a private company, limited by shares , registered in England and Wales. The company's registered number and registered office address can be found on the Company Information page.

| The presentation currency of the financial statements is the Pound Sterling (£).

2. | ACCOUNTING POLICIES

| Basis of preparing the financial statements

| The Company is considered a Going Concern as it continues to have the support of the Directors and investors for a period of at least 12 months from the date of these accounts being approved.

| Related party exemption

| The company has taken advantage of exemption, under the terms of Financial Reporting Standard 102 'The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland', not to disclose related party transactions with wholly owned subsidiaries within the group.

| Significant judgements and estimates

| In the application of the company's accounting policies the director is required to make judgements, estimates and assumptions about the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. The estimates and associated assumptions are based on historical experience and other factors that are considered to be relevant. Actual results may differ from these estimates. The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised in the period in which the estimate is revised if the revision affects only that period, or in the period of the revision and future periods if the revision affects both current and future periods. The company does not make significant estimates and assumptions concerning the future.

| Turnover

| Turnover is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable, excluding discounts, rebates, value added tax and other sales taxes.

| Intangible assets

| Intangible assets are initially measured at cost. After initial recognition, intangible assets are measured at cost less any accumulated amortisation and any accumulated impairment losses.

| Tangible fixed assets

| Depreciation is provided at the following annual rates in order to write off each asset over its estimated useful life.

| Computer equipment | - | 33% on cost

| Investments in subsidiaries

| Investments in subsidiary undertakings are recognised at cost.

| Taxation

| Taxation for the year comprises current and deferred tax. Tax is recognised in the Income Statement, except to the extent that it relates to items recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity.

| Current or deferred taxation assets and liabilities are not discounted.

| Current tax is recognised at the amount of tax payable using the tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date.

| TAINA Technology Limited (Registered number: 10461978) |

Notes to the Financial Statements - continued

for the Year Ended 31 December 2025

2. | ACCOUNTING POLICIES - continued

| Deferred tax

| Deferred tax is recognised in respect of all timing differences that have originated but not reversed at the balance sheet date.

| Timing differences arise from the inclusion of income and expenses in tax assessments in periods different from those in which they are recognised in financial statements. Deferred tax is measured using tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the year end and that are expected to apply to the reversal of the timing difference.

| Unrelieved tax losses and other deferred tax assets are recognised only to the extent that it is probable that they will be recovered against the reversal of deferred tax liabilities or other future taxable profits.

| Research and development

| Expenditure on research and development is written off in the year in which it is incurred.

| Foreign currencies

| Assets and liabilities in foreign currencies are translated into sterling at the rates of exchange ruling at the balance sheet date. Transactions in foreign currencies are translated into sterling at the rate of exchange ruling at the date of transaction. Exchange differences are taken into account in arriving at the operating result.

| Pension costs and other post-retirement benefits

| The company operates a defined contribution pension scheme. Contributions payable to the company's pension scheme are charged to profit or loss in the period to which they relate.

| Holiday pay accrual

| A liability is recognised to the extent of any unused holiday pay entitlement which is accrued at the Balance Sheet date and carried forward to future periods. This is measured at the undiscounted salary cost of the future holiday entitlement so accrued at the Balance Sheet date.

3. | EMPLOYEES AND DIRECTORS

| The average number of employees during the year was 27 (2024 - 35 ) .

4. | INTANGIBLE FIXED ASSETS

| Patents

| and

| licences

£ |

| COST

| At 1 January 2025 | 6,715 |  |

| Additions | 2,703 |  |

| At 31 December 2025 | 9,418 |  |

| NET BOOK VALUE

| At 31 December 2025 | 9,418 |  |

| At 31 December 2024 | 6,715 |  |

| TAINA Technology Limited (Registered number: 10461978) |

Notes to the Financial Statements - continued

for the Year Ended 31 December 2025

5. | TANGIBLE FIXED ASSETS

| Computer

| equipment

£ |

| COST

| At 1 January 2025 | 95,904 |  |

| Additions | 7,595 |  |

| At 31 December 2025 | 103,499 |  |

| DEPRECIATION

| At 1 January 2025 | 72,055 |  |

| Charge for year | 16,152 |  |

| At 31 December 2025 | 88,207 |  |

| NET BOOK VALUE

| At 31 December 2025 | 15,292 |  |

| At 31 December 2024 | 23,849 |  |

6. | FIXED ASSET INVESTMENTS

| Shares in

| group

| undertakings

£ |

| COST

| At 1 January 2025 | 17,839 |  |

| Impairments | (17,832 | ) |

| At 31 December 2025 | 7 |  |

| NET BOOK VALUE

| At 31 December 2025 | 7 |  |

| At 31 December 2024 | 17,839 |  |

| The investment in Taina Technology (Switzerland) GmbH has been written down to nil in the period as the entity is currently undergoing liquidation. Therefore, there is an impairment of £17,832 in the period which is showing as an expense in the profit and loss statement.

7. | DEBTORS

2025 | 2024 |

£ | £ |

| Amounts falling due within one year:

| Trade debtors | 281,674 |  | 438,614 |  |

| Other debtors | 40,494 |  | - |  |

| Rent deposit | 162 |  | 20,832 |  |

| Tax | 412,795 |  | 654,134 |  |

| Accrued income | - |  | 23,402 |  |

| Prepayments | 49,286 |  | 38,597 |  |

784,411 |  | 1,175,579 |  |

| TAINA Technology Limited (Registered number: 10461978) |

Notes to the Financial Statements - continued

for the Year Ended 31 December 2025

7. | DEBTORS - continued

2025 | 2024 |

£ | £ |

| Amounts falling due after more than one year:

| Amounts owed by group undertakings | 430,561 |  | 338,257 |  |

| Aggregate amounts | 1,214,972 |  | 1,513,836 |  |

8. | CREDITORS: AMOUNTS FALLING DUE WITHIN ONE YEAR |

2025 | 2024 |

£ | £ |

| Trade creditors | 30,547 |  | 55,244 |  |

| Social security and other taxes | 93,987 |  | 152,662 |  |

| VAT | 8,558 |  | 7,096 |  |

| Pension Payable | 12,198 |  | 11,506 |  |

| Income in Advance | 1,014,140 |  | 1,236,893 |  |

| Accrued expenses | 104,552 |  | 98,226 |  |

1,263,982 |  | 1,561,627 |  |

9. | CREDITORS: AMOUNTS FALLING DUE AFTER MORE THAN ONE YEAR |

2025 | 2024 |

£ | £ |

| Amounts owed to group undertakings | 146,127 |  | 133,842 |  |

10. | CALLED UP SHARE CAPITAL

| Allotted and issued:

| Number: | Class: | Nominal | 2025 | 2024 |

| value: | £ | £ |

| 1,491,285 | Share capital 1 | £149 | 149 |  | 149 |  |

| 884,565 | Share capital 2 | £88 | 88 |  | 88 |  |

237 |  | 237 |  |

11. | RESERVES

| Share |

| Retained |  | Share |  | option |  | Other |

| earnings |  | premium |  | reserve |  | reserves |  | Totals

£ | £ | £ | £ | £ |

| At 1 January 2025 | (13,174,409 | ) | 14,607,993 |  | 9 |  | 44,904 |  | 1,478,497 |  |

| Deficit for the year | (729,158 | ) | (729,158 | ) |

| Bonus share issue | - |  | - |  | 2 |  | - |  | 2 |  |

| At 31 December 2025 | (13,903,567 | ) | 14,607,993 |  | 11 |  | 44,904 |  | 749,341 |  |

12. | ULTIMATE CONTROLLING PARTY

| The controlling party is the shareholders by virtue of their shareholding.

| TAINA Technology Limited (Registered number: 10461978) |

Notes to the Financial Statements - continued

for the Year Ended 31 December 2025

13. | SHARE-BASED PAYMENT TRANSACTIONS

| The company has an equity settled option scheme.

| The company had 123,316 options outstanding at the beginning of the period.

| During the period 2,400 (2024: 87,513) options were granted to employees.

| During the period 3,800 (2024: 2,000) options were forfeited.

| During the period nil (2024: nil) options were exercised.

| During the period nil (2024: nil) options expired

| The company had 121,916 options outstanding at the end of the period.

| The company has 112,023 (2024: 104,491) exercisable options at the end of the period.

| The fair value of the share options has been valued at £0.0001.

| The total change in valuation of the vested options was £2.68, this was charged to the profit and loss. The total carrying amount is £11.20 (2024: £8.52).