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Registered number: 07021408
Alliance Manufacturing and Trading Company Limited
Strategic Report, Director's Report and
Financial Statements
For The Year Ended 31 December 2024
Contents
Page
Company Information 1
Strategic Report 2—4
Director's Report 5—6
Independent Auditor's Report 7—11
Consolidated Profit and Loss Account 12
Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income 13
Consolidated Balance Sheet 14—15
Company Balance Sheet 16—17
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity 18
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows 19
Notes to the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows 20
Notes to the Financial Statements 21—36
Page 1
Company Information
Director Mr L Levie
Company Number 07021408
Registered Office 9a Burroughs Gardens
London
NW4 4AU
Auditors Ripe LLP
Chartered Accountants and Registered Auditors
9A Burroughs Garden
London
NW4 4AU
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Strategic Report
The director presents his strategic report for the year ended 31 December 2024.
Review of the Business
Alliance Manufacturing and Trading Company Limited (AMTC) is the parent company of the EPALIA SAS (“EPALIA ”), which specializes in the recycling and repair of wooden pallets, and in the management of private pallet pools in France. It serves various manufacturing and distribution sectors which require a versatile and standardized system for the transportation of goods.
AMTC also provides equity and loan solutions to other corporate entities.
Group's key financial performance indicators are as follows:
• Turnover: €62,235k (2023: €70,298k)
• Operating profit / loss: €4,33k loss (2023: €2,210k profit)
• Profit before Tax: €2,134k (2023: €3.601k)
• Net assets: €61,451k (2023: €59,692k)
2024 has been a challenging year following very position 2022 and 2023 years generated by low demand and excess supply in the market. EPALIA has however succeeded in limiting the impact through various initiatives and right sizing.
In 2024, EPALIA has acquired two pallet manufacturers LPC and CPMC and continue to explore further acquisitions in pallet recycling and manufacturing segments. Integration costs have obviously had an impact on 2024 numbers however these acquisitions have already generated several commercial successes.
EPALIA delivered another positive EBITDA in 2024 and expects to pursue its positive performance and growth in the years to come.
EPALIA produces both financial and non-financial data on a monthly basis. It establishes:
• a budget laying out the financial expectations from top line to bottom line, not limited to financial data, as it releases commercial and industrial KPIs highlighting the performance of each agency
• a monthly report highlighting progress against objectives
In addition, EPALIA produces a human resource report on a yearly basis highlighting major progress in term of staff representation, diversity, health issues and training programs.
Principal Risks and Uncertainties
Energy price
EPALIA relies on third party logistic companies; and petrol price has a substantial impact on the internal cost. EPALIA offsets this risk by indexing the price of the service to the petrol price and systematically passing along increases or decreases to clients. EPALIA’s electricity consumption is limited but, for economic reasons as much as social responsibilities reasons, EPALIA has continued to reduce its electricity consumption in 2023 and has renegotiated in favourable terms its contract for the years to come.
Industrial risk
EPALIA runs small industrial equipment with limited automation, but the staff operate automatic nailing guns, which present substantial risks. The wood dust can also present certain risks, as does the quantity of wooden pallets on a site: which are highly flammable. EPALIA addresses these latent risks, fire or injuries through various protective systems, regular training of staff, covering preventive and corrective reactions in critical situations.
EPALIA invests constantly in maintenance, refurbishing and improvement of its industrial assets and ensures that its staff can address all production equipment issues that may arise.
Currency risk
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Principal Risks and Uncertainties - continued
EPALIA trades solely in euros.
Technological risk
EPALIA continues to invest in research and development related to digital services dedicated to increase the offering to the client or optimise the production and seamless coordination with suppliers.
Social risk
EPALIA employs staff in France only. It keeps a harmonious relationship with employees, their representatives and with the labour administration. In a context of continuous improvement and active unions in France, EPALIA keeps a good rapport with its workforce and had no days of strike or production interruption related to such event to report.
Market size and trends
Prospects in France’s logistics packaging sector remain strong, driven by circular-economy goals and the imminent REP EIC regulation (operational from January 2025), which will further incentivize reuse of materials like wood, plastic, metal, and paper. 
Pallets remain the ubiquitous load-handling platform: France produces more than 50 million new pallets annually, while over 100 million units are collected each year and some 80–85 million are reconditioned and resold. Based on 2024 pricing benchmarks and volume estimates, the total French pallet industry (new + reconditioned) is estimated at €1.5–2.2 billion ex-VAT. 
EPALIA stands as a leading reconditioning operator, with 30+ sites nationally and processing ~16 million pallets yearly, representing an approximate market share of 18% of the French pallet reconditioning market.
Objectives
EPALIA’s management estimates it will continue to grow both volumes and profitability thanks to its innovative service offering and thanks to its strong network covering the French territory.
It anticipates a growing revenue profile for its legacy, base offering of pure collection, repair and resale, whilst it continues to successfully develop high growth service offerings, such as the digital management of private pallet pools.
EPALIA will achieve its objective by putting into action a strategic plan, which includes the following action steps:
• Increase presence in certain regions and actively seek bolt-on acquisitions
• Strengthen the sales department
• Reduce all input costs, including and especially logistics costs
• Pursue continuous productivity improvement
• Continue to develop and leverage digital services
The Board of Directors of EPALIA monitors regularly the proper and timely execution of the strategy. An operating partner who represents the shareholder visits the company monthly, challenges and monitors the management and the evolution of the various programs.
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Section 172(1) Statement
The Directors have acted in the way that they considered, in good faith, would be most likely to promote the success of the Company for the benefit of its member as a whole and this section forms our Section 172 disclosure, describing how, in doing so, the Directors considered the matters set out in section 172(1)(a) to (f) of the Companies Act 2006. The Directors also took into account the views and interests of a wider set of stakeholders, including regulators.
The Directors have acted in a way that they considered, in good faith, to be most likely to promote the success of the Company for the benefit of its member as a whole, and in doing so had regard, amongst other matters, to:
• the likely consequences of any decision in the long term;
• the need to foster the Company’s business relationships with suppliers, customers and others;
• the impact of the Company’s operations on the community and the environment;
• the desirability of the Company maintaining a reputation for high standards of business conduct; and
• the need to act fairly as between members of the Company.
Considering this broad range of interests is an important part of the way the Board makes decisions, although in balancing those different perspectives it will not always be possible to deliver everyone’s desired outcome.
On behalf of the board
Mr L Levie
Director
06/08/2026
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Director's Report
The director presents his report and the financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2024.
Principal Activity
The company's principal activity continues to be that of holding company.
The principal activity of Epalia is purchasing, collecting, sorting, repairing and reselling second hand pallets as well as producing and selling new pallets. It also provides pallet management services including data management services.
La Palette Comtoise designs and manufactures all types of custom-made wooden packaging.
Directors
The director who held office during the year were as follows:
Mr L Levie
Employees
The group operates an equal opportunities employment policy and is opposed to all forms of discrimination. Our selection processes are non-discriminatory and always seek to give full and fair consideration to those with disabilities for all vacancies, taking into account their aptitudes and skills. In the event of employees becoming disabled, every effort is made to ensure their employment with the company continues and appropriate training arranged. So far as possible the company ensures that the training, career development and promotion of any disabled person is identical to that of a colleague who does not suffer from such a disability.
Employee Engagement Statement
The directors of the subsidiary involve employees in matters that are of concern to them, including the provision of relevant information.
Streamlined Energy and Carbon Reporting
The parent company is exempt from the Streamlined Energy and Carbon Reporting (SECR) requirements under the Companies (Directors' Report) and Limited Liability Partnerships (Energy and Carbon Report) Regulations 2018. Accordingly, no energy and carbon information has been included in these financial statements.
Statement of Director's Responsibilities
The director is responsible for preparing the Strategic Report, the Director's Report and the financial statements in accordance with applicable law and regulations.
Company law requires the director to prepare financial statements for each financial year. Under that law the director has elected to prepare the financial statements in accordance with United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice (United Kingdom Accounting Standards, comprising FRS102 'The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland', and applicable law). Under company law the director must not approve the financial statements unless they are satisfied that they give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the company and the group and of the profit or loss of the group for that period. In preparing the financial statements the director is required to:
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Statement of Director's Responsibilities - continued
  • select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently;
  • make judgments and accounting estimates that are reasonable and prudent;
  • state whether applicable United Kingdom Accounting Standards, comprising FRS102, have been followed subject to any material departures disclosed and explained in the financial statements;
  • prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that the company will continue in business.
The director is responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that are sufficient to show and explain the company and group's transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the company and the group and enable them to ensure that the financial statements comply with the Companies Act 2006. He is also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the company and the group and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities.
The director is responsible for the maintenance and integrity of the corporate and financial information included on the company's website. Legislation in the United Kingdom governing the preparation and dissemination of financial statements may differ from legislation in other jurisdictions.
Statement of Disclosure of Information to Auditors
In the case of each director in office at the date the Director's Report is approved: 
  • so far as the director is aware, there is no relevant audit information of which the company and group's auditors are unaware; and
  • they have taken all the steps that they ought to have taken as directors in order to make themselves aware of any relevant audit information and to establish that the company and group's auditors are aware of that information.
Independent Auditors
The auditors Ripe LLP are deemed to be reappointed under section 487(2) of the Companies Act 2006.
On behalf of the board
Mr L Levie
Director
06/08/2026
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Independent Auditor's Report
Qualified opinion
We have audited the financial statements of Alliance Manufacturing and Trading Company Limited , (the "parent company"), and its subsidiaries (the "group") for the year ended 31 December 2024, which comprise the Consolidated Profit and Loss Account, Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income, Consolidated Balance Sheet, Company Balance Sheet, Consolidated Statement of Changes of Equity, Company Statement of Changes of Equity, Consolidated Cash Flow Statement and the related notes, including a summary of significant accounting policies. The financial reporting framework that has been applied in their preparation is applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice), including FRS 102 "The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland". 
In our opinion, except for the effects of the matter described in the Basis for Qualified Opinion section of our report, 
  • give a true and fair view of the state of the group's and of the parent company's affairs as at 31 December 2024 and of the group's profit/(loss) for the year then ended;
  • have been properly prepared in accordance with United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice; and
  • have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006.
Basis for Qualified Opinion
We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and applicable law. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditor's responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements section of our report. We are independent of the group and parent company in accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in the UK, including the FRC's Ethical Standard, and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion, subject to qualification mentioned below. 
The Group has not consolidated the accounts of La Palette Comtoise, which is a subsidiary of Epalia having been acquired in 2024, (which is itself a subsidiary of the parent company).  Instead, it has shown it as an investment at cost of €1.7m, which would be eliminated on consolidation.
Section 9 of FRS 102 requires a parent entity presenting consolidated financial statements to consolidate all of its subsidiaries, except where an applicable exclusion is permitted. We have not identified circumstances that would permit La Palette Comtoise to be excluded from consolidation under the relevant requirements of FRS 102.
In addition, section 405 of the Companies Act 2006 requires the subsidiary undertakings of a parent preparing Companies Act group accounts to be consolidated on the group accounts, (subject to the statutory exclusions).
The year ended 31 December 2024 financial information provided to us in respect of La Palette Comtoise, the accounts of whom have not been audited, indicate net assets of approximately €1m, turnover of approximately €3m and a loss for the year of approximately €0.27m million. These figures exclude any pre-acquisition consolidation adjustments. 
Had  La Palette Comtoise been consolidated, the consolidated financial statements would have been affected in respect of, amongst other matters, the Group’s assets and liabilities, income and expenses, loss for the year, cash flows, reserves and non-controlling interests, together with the related disclosures. The precise effect of the required consolidation adjustments cannot be determined reliably from the information available to us.
We have therefore concluded that the omission of La Palette Comtoise results in a material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements. We consider the effects of this matter to be material but not pervasive.
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Conclusions Relating to Going Concern
In auditing the financial statements and subject to point mentioned under Basis for Qualified Opinion, we have concluded that the director's use of the going concern basis of accounting in the preparation of the financial statements is appropriate.
Based on the work we have performed, we have not identified any material uncertainties relating to events or conditions that, individually or collectively, may cast significant doubt on the group and parent company's ability to continue as a going concern for a period of at least 12 months from when the financial statements are authorised for issue.
Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of the directors with respect to going concern are described in the relevant sections of this report.
Other Information
The other information comprises the information included in the annual report, other than the financial statements and our auditor's report thereon. The director is responsible for the other information contained within the annual report. Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and, except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in our report, we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon. In connection with our audit of the financial statements, our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the audit or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If we identify such material inconsistencies or apparent material misstatements, we are required to determine whether this gives rise to a material misstatement in the financial statements themselves. If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact.
We have nothing to report in this regard.
Opinions on Other Matters Prescribed by the Companies Act 2006
In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of the audit:
  • the information given in the Strategic Report and Director's Report for the financial year for which the financial statements are prepared is consistent with the financial statements; and
  • the Strategic Report and Director's Report have been prepared in accordance with applicable legal requirements.
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Matters on Which We Are Required to Report by Exception
Notwithstanding our qualified opionion on the financial statements, in the light of the knowledge and understanding of the group and parent company and their environment obtained in the course of the audit, we have not identified material misstatements in the Strategic Report or the Director's Report.
Arising from the limitation of our work referred to above:
  • we have not obtained all the information and explanations that we considered necessary for the purpose of our audit; and
  • we were unable to determine whether adequate accounting records have been kept.
We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters in relation to which the Companies Act 2006 requires us to report to you if, in our opinion:
  • adequate accounting records have not been kept by the parent company, or returns adequate for our audit have not been received from branches not visited by us; or
  • the parent company financial statements are not in agreement with the accounting records or returns; or
  • certain disclosures of director's remuneration specified by law are not made; or
  • we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit.
Responsibilities of Directors
As explained more fully in the Director's Responsibilities Statement set out on page 5—6, the director is responsible for the preparation of the financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair view, and for such internal control as the director determine is necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.
In preparing the financial statements, the director is responsible for assessing the group and parent company's ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the directors either intend to liquidate the group or the parent company or to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so.
Auditor's Responsibilities for the Audit of the Financial Statements
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor's report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements.
As part of an audit in accordance with ISAs (UK), we exercise professional judgement and maintain professional scepticism throughout the audit. We also:
• Identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to fraud or error, design and perform audit procedures responsive to those risks, and obtain audit evidence that is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. The risk of not detecting a material misstatement resulting from fraud is higher than for one resulting from error, as fraud may involve collusion, forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations, or the override of internal control.
We design procedures and tests in line with our responsibilities, outlined above, to detect material misstatements in respect of irregularities, including fraud. The extent to which our procedures are capable of detecting irregularities, including fraud, is detailed below:
...CONTINUED
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Auditor's Responsibilities for the Audit of the Financial Statements - continued
We obtain an understanding of the legal and regulatory frameworks that are applicable to the entity by reviewing the Companies Act 2006 and Financial Reporting Standard 102 'The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland'.
We review component auditors work for assurance on subsidiary's financials.
We make enquiries of management and those charged with governance around actual and potential litigation and claims.
We review financial statement disclosures and test to supporting documentation to assess compliance.
We audit the risk of management override of controls and evaluate the business rationale of significant transactions outside the normal course of business.
• Obtain an understanding of internal control relevant to the audit in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the group’s internal control.
• Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of accounting estimates and related disclosures made by the director.
• Conclude on the appropriateness of the director's use of the going concern basis of accounting and, based on the audit evidence obtained, whether a material uncertainty exists related to events or conditions that may cast significant doubt on the group’s or the parent company's ability to continue as a going concern. If we conclude that a material uncertainty exists, we are required to draw attention in our auditor’s report to the related disclosures in the financial statements or, if such disclosures are inadequate, to modify our opinion. Our conclusions are based on the audit evidence obtained up to the date of our auditor’s report. However, future events or conditions may cause the group or the parent company to cease to continue as a going concern.
• Evaluate the overall presentation, structure and content of the financial statements, including the disclosures, and whether the financial statements represent the underlying transactions and events in a manner that achieves fair presentation.
• Obtain sufficient appropriate audit evidence regarding the financial information of the entities or business activities within the group to express an opinion on the consolidated financial statements. We are responsible for the direction, supervision and performance of the group audit. We remain solely responsible for our audit opinion.
We communicate with those charged with governance regarding, among other matters, the planned scope and timing of the audit and significant audit findings, including any significant deficiencies in internal control that we identify during our audit.
Use Of Our Report
This report is made solely to the company's members, as a body, in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of the Companies Act 2006. Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the company's members those matters that we are required to state to them in an auditor's report and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other than the company and the company's members as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we have formed.
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Robert Glazer FCA (Senior Statutory Auditor)
for and on behalf of Ripe LLP , Statutory Auditor
07/08/2026
Ripe LLP
Chartered Accountants and Registered Auditors
9A Burroughs Garden
London
NW4 4AU
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Consolidated Profit and Loss Account
2024 2023
Notes
TURNOVER 3 62,235,251 70,298,087
Cost of sales (57,823,314 ) (60,999,575 )
GROSS PROFIT 4,411,937 9,298,512
Administrative expenses (6,640,810 ) (8,332,045 )
Other operating income 1,041,744 1,243,681
OPERATING (LOSS)/PROFIT 5 (1,187,129 ) 2,210,148
Fair value gains on investments 2,244 1,012,729
Income from Shares in group undertakings 24,295 -
Income from other current asset investments 1,553,099 1,412,884
(Loss)/profit on disposal of fixed assets (294,868 ) 239,967
Profit on disposal of current asset investments 152,333 81,304
Other interest receivable and similar income 9 110,794 -
Interest payable and similar charges 10 1,033,296 (1,355,301 )
PROFIT BEFORE TAXATION 1,394,064 3,601,731
Tax on Profit 11 (260,653 ) (1,384,549 )
PROFIT AFTER TAXATION BEING PROFIT FOR THE FINANCIAL YEAR 1,133,411 2,217,182
Profit attributable to:
Owners of the parent 1,242,627 915,919
Non-controlling interest (109,216) 1,301,263
1,133,411 2,217,182
The notes on pages 20 to 36 form part of these financial statements.
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Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income
2024 2023
PROFIT FOR THE FINANCIAL YEAR 1,133,411 2,217,182
OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME FOR THE YEAR - -
TOTAL COMPREHENSIVE INCOME FOR THE YEAR 1,133,411 2,217,182
Total comprehensive income attributable to:
Owners of the parent 1,242,627 915,919
Non-controlling interest (109,216) 1,301,263
1,133,411 2,217,182
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Consolidated Balance Sheet
Registered number: 07021408
2024 2023
Notes
FIXED ASSETS
Intangible Assets 12 4,462,261 4,178,960
Tangible Assets 13 2,183,102 2,271,057
Investments & other financial assets 14 2,619,843 825,171
9,265,206 7,275,188
CURRENT ASSETS
Stocks 15 3,629,904 4,180,752
Debtors 16 38,666,552 40,063,559
Other financial assets 17 32,782,856 33,464,732
Cash at bank and in hand 6,950,556 8,600,381
82,029,868 86,309,424
Creditors: Amounts Falling Due Within One Year 18 (26,502,326 ) (31,368,524 )
NET CURRENT ASSETS (LIABILITIES) 55,527,542 54,940,900
TOTAL ASSETS LESS CURRENT LIABILITIES 64,792,748 62,216,088
Creditors: Amounts Falling Due After More Than One Year 19 (3,288,879 ) (1,612,783 )
PROVISIONS FOR LIABILITIES
Provisions For Charges 21 (284,910 ) (744,902 )
Deferred Taxation (393,435 ) (166,290 )
NET ASSETS 60,825,524 59,692,113
...CONTINUED
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CAPITAL AND RESERVES
Called up share capital 22 90 90
Capital redemption reserve 26 26
Profit and Loss Account 55,153,072 53,910,445
Equity attributable to owners of the parent 55,153,188 53,910,561
Non-controlling interest 5,672,336 5,781,552
TOTAL EQUITY 60,825,524 59,692,113
The financial statements were approved by the board of directors on 6 August 2026 and were signed on its behalf by:
Mr L Levie
Director
06/08/2026
The notes on pages 20 to 36 form part of these financial statements.
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Company Balance Sheet
Registered number: 07021408
2024 2023
Notes
FIXED ASSETS
Investments & other financial assets 14 250,006 250,006
250,006 250,006
CURRENT ASSETS
Debtors 16 14,030,677 11,600,442
Other financial assets 17 32,782,856 33,464,732
Cash at bank and in hand 750,984 1,043,717
47,564,517 46,108,891
Creditors: Amounts Falling Due Within One Year 18 (1,472,193 ) (1,668,372 )
NET CURRENT ASSETS (LIABILITIES) 46,092,324 44,440,519
TOTAL ASSETS LESS CURRENT LIABILITIES 46,342,330 44,690,525
PROVISIONS FOR LIABILITIES
Deferred Taxation (393,435 ) (166,290 )
NET ASSETS 45,948,895 44,524,235
CAPITAL AND RESERVES
Called up share capital 22 90 90
Capital redemption reserve 26 26
Profit and Loss Account 45,948,779 44,524,119
SHAREHOLDERS' FUNDS 45,948,895 44,524,235
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In accordance with section 408(3) of the Companies Act 2006, the company has not presented its own profit and loss account and the related notes. The company's profit/(loss) for the year was £ 1,424,660 (2023: £(1,252,945 ) loss).
These accounts have been prepared and delivered in accordance with the provisions applicable to companies subject to the small companies regime.
The company has taken advantage of section 444(1) of the Companies Act 2006 and opted not to deliver to the registrar a copy of the company's Profit and Loss Account.
The financial statements were approved by the board of directors on 6 August 2026 and were signed on its behalf by:
Mr L Levie
Director
06/08/2026
The notes on pages 20 to 36 form part of these financial statements.
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Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity
Share Capital Capital Redemption Profit and Loss Account Total Attributable to Parent
As at 1 January 2023 90 26 52,994,526 52,994,642
Profit for the year and total comprehensive income - - 915,919 915,919
As at 31 December 2023 and 1 January 2024 90 26 53,910,445 53,910,561
Profit for the year and total comprehensive income - - 1,242,627 1,242,627
As at 31 December 2024 90 26 55,153,072 55,153,188
Non-controlling interest Total
As at 1 January 2023 4,480,289 57,474,931
Profit for the year and total comprehensive income 1,301,263 2,217,182
As at 31 December 2023 and 1 January 2024 5,781,552 59,692,113
Profit for the year and total comprehensive income (109,216 ) 1,133,411
As at 31 December 2024 5,672,336 60,825,524
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Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows
2024 2023
Notes
Cash flows from operating activities
Net cash (used in)/generated from operations 1 (2,856,759 ) 5,545,148
Tax paid (782,154 ) (1,526,813 )
Net cash (used in)/generated from operating activities (3,638,913 ) 4,018,335
Cash flows from investing activities
Purchase of intangible assets (557,251 ) (132,111 )
Purchase of tangible assets (977,382 ) (490,616 )
Proceeds from disposal of tangible assets 276,481 242,549
Purchase of other fixed asset investments (19,468,493 ) (327,226 )
Purchase of current asset investments - (18,703,356 )
Proceeds from disposal of current asset investments 19,521,474 17,328,283
Interest received 1,197,308 1,339,683
Dividends received 466,585 73,201
Net cash generated from/(used in) investing activities 458,722 (669,593 )
Cash flows from financing activities
Proceeds from new other loans 1,676,096 (818,849)
Foreign currency gains / losses - operating expenses (38,433) 194,044
Interest payments (107,297) (19,957)
Net cash generated from/(used in) financing activities 1,530,366 (644,762 )
(Decrease)/increase in cash and cash equivalents (1,649,825 ) 2,703,980
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year 2 8,600,381 5,896,401
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year 2 6,950,556 8,600,381
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Notes to the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows
1. Reconciliation of profit for the financial year to cash (used in)/generated from operations
2024 2023
Profit for the financial year 1,133,411 2,217,182
Adjustments for:
Tax on profit 260,653 1,384,549
Interest expense 107,296 19,957
Income from shares in group undertakings (24,295) (24,870)
Income from investments (1,641,841) (2,400,743)
Amortisation of intangible assets 273,950 276,757
Depreciation of tangible assets 493,988 480,796
Impairment of fixed asset investments 225,028 -
Loss/(profit) on disposal of tangible assets 294,868 (239,967)
Profit on disposal of current asset investments (152,333) (81,304)
Net fair value (gains)/losses recognised in profit or loss (1,236,228) 1,316,676
Foreign exchange losses/(gains) 38,427 (194,040)
Movements in working capital:
Decrease/(increase) in stocks 550,848 (74,831 )
Decrease in trade and other debtors 1,397,007 11,871,661
Decrease in trade and other creditors (4,577,538 ) (9,006,675 )
Net cash (used in)/generated from operations (2,856,759 ) 5,545,148
2. Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents, as stated in the Statement of Cash Flows, relates to the following items in the Balance Sheet:
2024 2023
Cash at bank and in hand 6,950,556 8,600,381
3. Analysis of changes in net funds
As at 1 January 2024 Cash flows As at 31 December 2024
Cash at bank and in hand 8,600,381 (1,649,825) 6,950,556
Debts falling due within one year (630,377 ) 630,377 -
Debts falling due after more than one year (1,612,783) (1,676,096) (3,288,879)
6,357,221 (2,695,544) 3,661,677
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Notes to the Financial Statements
1. General Information
Alliance Manufacturing and Trading Company Limited is a private company, limited by shares, incorporated in England & Wales, registered number 07021408
The registered office is 9a Burroughs Gardens, London, NW4 4AU.
2. Accounting Policies
2.1. Basis of Preparation of Financial Statements
The principal accounting policies applied in the preparation of these financial statements are set out below. These policies have been consistently applied to all the years presented, unless otherwise stated.
The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention except that as disclosed in the accounting policies certain items are shown at fair value and in accordance with Financial Reporting Standard 102 "The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland'' and the Companies Act 2006.
The financial statements are presented in Euros and are rounded to the nearest Euro.
2.2. Basis Of Consolidation
The group consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of the company and all of its subsidiary undertakings together with the group’s share of the results of associates made up to 31 December 2024.
A subsidiary is an entity controlled by the group. Control is the power to govern the financial and operating policies of an entity so as to obtain benefits from its activities. Where the group owns less than 50% of the voting powers of an entity but controls the entity by virtue of an agreement with other investors which give it control of the financial and operating policies of the entity, it accounts for that entity as a subsidiary.
Where a subsidiary has different accounting policies to the group, adjustments are made to those subsidiary financial statements to apply the group’s accounting policies when preparing the consolidated financial statements.
An associate is an entity, being neither a subsidiary nor a joint venture, in which the group holds a long-term interest and where the group has significant influence. The group considers that it has significant influence where it has the power to participate in the financial and operating decisions of the associate. The results of associates are accounted for using the equity method of accounting.
Any subsidiary undertakings or associates sold or acquired during the year are included up to, or from, the dates of change of control or change of significant influence respectively.
Where control of a subsidiary is lost, the gain or loss is recognised in the consolidated income statement. The cumulative amounts of any exchange differences on translation, recognised in equity, are not included in the gain or loss on disposal and are transferred to retained earnings. The gain or loss also includes amounts included in other comprehensive income that are required to be reclassified to profit or loss but excludes those amounts that are not required to be reclassified.
Where control of a subsidiary is achieved in stages, the initial acquisition that gave the group control is accounted for as a business combination. Thereafter where the group increases its controlling interest in the subsidiary the transaction is treated as a transaction between equity holders. Any difference between the fair value of the consideration paid and the carrying amount of the non-controlling interest acquired is recognised directly in goodwill. No changes are made to the carrying value of assets, liabilities or provisions for contingent liabilities.
...CONTINUED
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2.2. Basis Of Consolidation - continued
Inter-company transactions, balances and unrealised gains on transactions between the company and its subsidiaries, which are related parties, are eliminated in full. Intra-group losses are also eliminated but may indicate an impairment that requires recognition in the consolidated financial statements.
2.3. Turnover
Turnover is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable, net of discounts and value added taxes. Turnover includes revenue earned from the sale of goods and from the rendering of services. Turnover is reduced for estimated customer returns, rebates and other similar allowances.
Sale of goods
Turnover from the sale of goods is recognised when the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the goods has transferred to the buyer. This is usually at the point that the customer has signed for the delivery of the goods.
Rendering of services
Turnover from the rendering of services is recognised by reference to the stage of completion of the contract. The stage of completion of a contract is measured by comparing the costs incurred for work performed to date to the total estimated contract costs. Turnover is only recognised to the extent of recoverable expenses when the outcome of a contract cannot be estimated reliably.
2.4. Intangible Fixed Assets and Amortisation - Goodwill
Negative goodwill arising on an acquisition is recognised on the face of the balance sheet on the acquisition date and subsequently the excess up to the fair value of non-monetary assets acquired is recognised in profit or loss in the periods in which the non-monetary assets are recovered.
2.5. Intangible Fixed Assets and Amortisation - Other Intangible
Other intangible assets are amortised to the profit and loss account over its estimated economic life of of 1 to 5 years.
2.6. Tangible Fixed Assets and Depreciation
Tangible fixed assets are measured at cost less accumulated depreciation and any accumulated impairment losses. Depreciation is provided at rates calculated to write off the cost of the fixed assets, less their estimated residual value, over their expected useful lives on the following bases:
Freehold 20 years
Plant & Machinery 2 to 15 years
Other assets 2 to 15 years
Computer Equipment 2 to 15 years
2.7. Investments
Investments in equity shares which are not publicly traded and where fair value cannot be measured reliably are measured at cost less impairment.
The current asset investments (corporate bonds/notes) are valued at the fair value through profit and loss.
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2.8. Leasing and Hire Purchase Contracts
Leases are classified as finance leases whenever the terms of the lease transfer substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership to the lessee.
Assets held under finance leases are recognised at the lower of their fair value at inception of the lease and the present value of the minimum lease payments. These assets are depreciated on a straight-line basis over the shorter of the useful life of the asset and the lease term. The corresponding liability to the lessor is included in the balance sheet as a finance lease obligation.
Lease payments are apportioned between finance costs in the profit and loss account and reduction of the lease obligation so as to achieve a constant periodic rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability.
2.9. Stocks and Work in Progress
Stocks are stated at the lower of cost and estimated selling price less costs to complete and sell. Cost is determined using the first-in, first-out (FIFO) method.
The cost of finished goods and work in progress comprises direct materials and, where applicable, direct labour costs and those overheads that have been incurred in bringing the inventories to their present location and condition. At each reporting date, stocks are assessed for impairment. If stocks are impaired, the carrying amount is reduced to its selling price less costs to complete and sell; the impairment loss is recognised immediately in profit or loss.
2.10. Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents are basic financial assets and include cash in hand and deposits held at call with banks, other short-term highly liquid investments that mature in no more than three months from the date of acquisition and are readily convertible to a known amount of cash with insignificant risk of change in value, and bank overdrafts.
2.11. Interest Payable
Interest-bearing borrowings are initially recorded at fair value, net of transaction costs. Interest-bearing borrowings are subsequently carried at amortised cost, with the difference between the proceeds, net of transaction costs, and the amount due on redemption being recognised as a charge to the profit and loss account over the period of the relevant borrowing.
Interest expense is recognised on the basis of the effective interest method and is included in interest payable and similar charges.
Borrowings are classified as current liabilities unless the group has an unconditional right to defer settlement of the liability for at least twelve months after the reporting date.
2.12. Foreign Currencies
Monetary assets and liabilities in foreign currencies are translated into sterling at the rates of exchange ruling at the balance sheet date. Transactions in foreign currencies are translated into sterling at the rate ruling on the date of the transaction. Exchange differences are taken into account in arriving at the operating profit.
Non-monetary items measured in terms of historical cost in a foreign currency are not retranslated.
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2.13. Taxation
Tax expense represents the sum of the tax currently payable and deferred tax.
The tax currently payable is based on taxable profit for the year. Taxable profit differs from profit as reported in the statement of comprehensive income because of items of income or expense that are taxable or deductible in other years and items that are never taxable or deductible. The group's liability for current tax is calculated using tax rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period.
Deferred tax is recognised on timing differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities in the financial statements and the corresponding tax bases used in the computation of taxable profit. Deferred tax liabilities are generally recognised for all taxable timing differences. Deferred tax assets are generally recognised for all deductible temporary differences to the extent that it is probable that taxable profits will be available against which those deductible timing differences can be utilised. The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at the end of each reporting period and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profits will be available to allow all or part of the asset to be recovered.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the period in which the liability is settled or the asset realised, based on tax rates (and tax laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period. Deferred tax liabilities are presented within provisions for liabilities and deferred tax assets within debtors. The measurement of deferred tax liabilities and assets reflect the tax consequences that would follow from the manner in which the Company expects, at the end of the reporting period, to recover or settle the carrying amount of its assets and liabilities.
Current and deferred tax are recognised in profit or loss for the year, except when they relate to items that are recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, in which case current and deferred tax are recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity respectively.
2.14. Provisions and Contingencies
Provisions
Provisions are recognised when the group has a present legal or constructive obligation as a result of past events; it is probable that an outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation; and the amount of the obligation can be estimated reliably.
Where there are a number of similar obligations, the likelihood that an outflow will be required in settlement is determined by considering the class of obligations as a whole. A provision is recognised even if the likelihood of an outflow with respect to any one item included in the same class of obligations may be small.
Provisions are measured at the present value of the expenditures expected to be required to settle the obligation using a pre-tax rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the obligation. The increase in the provision due to passage of time is recognised as a finance cost.
Contingencies
Contingent liabilities are not recognised. Contingent liabilities arise as a result of past events when (i) it is not probable that there will be an outflow of resources or that the amount cannot be reliably measured at the reporting date or (ii) when the existence will be confirmed by the occurrence or non-occurrence of uncertain future events not wholly within the group’s control. Contingent liabilities are disclosed in the financial statements unless the probability of an outflow of resources is remote.
Contingent assets are not recognised. Contingent assets are disclosed in the financial statements when an inflow of economic benefits is probable.
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2.15. Pensions
Provisions are recognised when the group has an obligation at the reporting date as a result of a past event, it is probable that the group will be required to settle that obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation.
2.16. Government Assistance
Grants which relate to revenue are recognised in income in the period the related costs are incurred by the entity for which the grant is intended to compensate. For grants which are received by the entity for compensation for expenses or losses which have already been incurred, the grant is recognised in income when it is received or receivable.
2.17. Trade debtors
Trade debtors are amounts due from customers for merchandise sold or services performed in the ordinary course of business.
Trade debtors are recognised initially at the transaction price. They are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method, less provision for impairment. A provision for the impairment of trade debtors is established when there is objective evidence that the group will not be able to collect all amounts due according to the original terms of the receivables.
2.18. Trade creditors
Trade creditors are obligations to pay for goods or services that have been acquired in the ordinary course of business from suppliers. Accounts payable are classified as current liabilities if the group does not have an unconditional right, at the end of the reporting period, to defer settlement of the creditor for at least twelve months after the reporting date. If there is an unconditional right to defer settlement for at least twelve months after the reporting date, they are presented as non-current liabilities.
Trade creditors are recognised initially at the transaction price and subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method.
2.19. Extraordinary income and expense
Extraordinary income and expense includes litigation allowance and allowance/write-back provision for risks and charges.
3. Turnover
Analysis of turnover by class of business is as follows:
2024 2023
Rendering of services 21,168,078 22,259,901
Sale of goods 41,067,173 48,038,186
62,235,251 70,298,087
Analysis of turnover by geographical market is as follows:
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2024 2023
United Kingdom 43,517 184,561
Europe 62,191,734 70,113,526
62,235,251 70,298,087
4. Other Operating Income
2024 2023
Commission income 839,784 507,080
Grant income 3,468 -
Other operating income 198,492 736,601
1,041,744 1,243,681
5. Operating (Loss)/profit
The operating (loss)/profit is stated after charging:
2024 2023
Bad debts 58,383 1,848,778
Exchange differences 38,427 (194,040 )
Depreciation of tangible fixed assets 493,988 480,796
Amortisation of intangible fixed assets 273,950 276,757
6. Auditor's Remuneration
Remuneration received by the group's auditors and their associates during the year was as follows:
2024 2023
Audit Services
Audit of the company's financial statements 13,195 12,075
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7. Staff Costs
Staff costs, including directors' remuneration, were as follows:
2024 2023
Wages and salaries 11,843,900 12,406,184
Social security costs 4,277,192 4,371,891
16,121,092 16,778,075
8. Average Number of Employees
Group
Average number of employees, including directors, during the year was as follows:
2024 2023
Office and administration 40 38
Sales, marketing and distribution 40 45
Manufacturing 286 279
366 362
Company
Average number of employees, including directors, during the year was: 1 (2023: 1)
1 1
9. Interest Receivable and Similar Income
2024 2023
Interest income from shares in subsidiaries 24,295 -
Other interest receivable 110,794 -
Dividend income 466,585 73,201
Interest income on bonds, notes and loans 1,086,514 1,339,683
1,688,188 1,412,884
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10. Interest Payable and Similar Charges
2024 2023
(Gain) / loss from changes in provisions 71,341 18,668
Foreign currency (gain) / loss - bonds & notes (1,236,228 ) 1,316,676
Other finance charges 131,591 19,957
(1,033,296) 1,355,301
11. Tax on Profit
The tax charge on the profit for the year was as follows:
Tax Rate 2024 2023
2024 2023
Current tax
UK Corporation Tax 25.0% 25.0% 33,507 1,287,433
Deferred Tax
Deferred taxation 227,146 97,116
Total tax charge for the period 260,653 1,384,549
The actual charge for the year can be reconciled to the expected charge for the year based on the profit and the standard rate of corporation tax as follows:
2024 2023
Profit before tax 1,394,064 3,601,731
Tax on profit at 25% (UK standard rate) 421,328 847,147
Expenses not deductible for tax purposes 76,526 692,641
Short term timing differences 227,146 97,116
Difference in tax rates - 65,871
Revenue exempt from taxation (464,347 ) (329,779 )
Overseas tax suffered/expensed - 11,553
Total tax charge for the period 260,653 1,384,549
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12. Intangible Assets
Group
Other
Cost or Valuation
As at 1 January 2024 7,622,874
Additions 557,251
As at 31 December 2024 8,180,125
Amortisation
As at 1 January 2024 3,443,914
Provided during the period 273,950
As at 31 December 2024 3,717,864
Net Book Value
As at 31 December 2024 4,462,261
As at 1 January 2024 4,178,960
Company
The company had no intangible fixed assets as at 31 December 2024 or 31 December 2023.
13. Tangible Assets
Group
Land & Property
Freehold Plant & Machinery Other assets Total
Cost or Valuation
As at 1 January 2024 5,785,660 8,136,905 440,360 14,362,925
Additions 67,987 690,590 218,805 977,382
Disposals (22,699 ) (65,642 ) (553,805 ) (642,146 )
As at 31 December 2024 5,830,948 8,761,853 105,360 14,698,161
Depreciation
As at 1 January 2024 5,142,716 6,949,152 - 12,091,868
Provided during the period 104,487 389,501 - 493,988
Disposals (22,699 ) (48,098 ) - (70,797 )
As at 31 December 2024 5,224,504 7,290,555 - 12,515,059
...CONTINUED
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Net Book Value
As at 31 December 2024 606,444 1,471,298 105,360 2,183,102
As at 1 January 2024 642,944 1,187,753 440,360 2,271,057
Company
The company had no tangible fixed assets as at 31 December 2024 or 31 December 2023.
14. Investments & other financial assets
Group
Other
Cost or Valuation
As at 1 January 2024 825,171
Additions 2,019,700
As at 31 December 2024 2,844,871
Provision
As at 1 January 2024 -
Added in period 225,028
As at 31 December 2024 225,028
Net Book Value
As at 31 December 2024 2,619,843
As at 1 January 2024 825,171
Company
Subsidiaries Other Total
Cost or Valuation
As at 1 January 2024 250,006 - 250,006
Additions - 225,028 225,028
As at 31 December 2024 250,006 225,028 475,034
Provision
As at 1 January 2024 - - -
Added in period - 225,028 225,028
As at 31 December 2024 - 225,028 225,028
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Net Book Value
As at 31 December 2024 250,006 - 250,006
As at 1 January 2024 250,006 - 250,006
Subsidiaries
Details of the group's subsidiaries as at 31 December 2024 are as follows:
Name of undertaking Registered Office Class of shares held Direct holding Indirect holding
Epalia Universaone 18 rue Felix Mangini, 69009 Lyon, France Ordinary 62.50% -
La Palette Comtoise 9 Rue du Bois, 39600 Cramans, France Ordinary - 100.00%
The principal activity of Epalia is purchasing, collecting, sorting, repairing and reselling second hand pallets as well as producing and selling new pallets. It also provides pallet management services including data management services.
La Palette Comtoise designs and manufactures all types of custom-made wooden packaging. Epalia owns 100% of the share capital in La Palette Comtoise. 
The unaudited financial statements of La Palette Comtoise, shows net assets of approximately €1 million, reserves of €863k, turnover of approximately €3 million and a loss for the year of approximately €0.27 million at/for the year ended 31 December 2024. These figures exclude any pre-acquisition consolidation adjustments. 
The goup investments includes an investment in La Palette Comtoise through Epalia of €1.7 million which would have been eliminated if the accounts of La Palette Comtoise been consolidated.
15. Stocks
2024 2023
Materials 557,015 509,202
Finished goods 2,036,494 2,512,466
Work in progress 1,036,395 1,159,084
3,629,904 4,180,752
16. Debtors
Group Company
2024 2023 2024 2023
Due within one year
Trade debtors 11,951,470 12,878,030 - -
Prepayments and accrued income 413,890 523,698 306,830 438,170
Other debtors 13,587,988 16,574,108 - -
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Amounts owed by group undertakings 94,210 87,372 94,210 87,372
Amounts owed by subsidiaries - - 1,010,643 1,074,549
Amounts owed by related parties 12,618,994 10,000,351 12,618,994 10,000,351
38,666,552 40,063,559 14,030,677 11,600,442
Details of non-current trade and other debtors
Company
€750,000 (2023 - €750,000) of loan to related parties is classified as non-current.
17. Current Asset Investments
Group Company
2024 2023 2024 2023
Other investments, held for sale 32,782,856 33,464,732 32,782,856 33,464,732
Corporate bonds / notes, held for sale
As at 1 January 2024
33,464,732
Addition
17,448,793
Disposal
(19,369,141)
Revaluation
2,244
Foreign exchange rate movement
1,236,228
As at 31 December 2024
32,782,856
image
18. Creditors: Amounts Falling Due Within One Year
Group Company
2024 2023 2024 2023
Trade creditors 9,814,307 11,801,058 5,959 5,726
Taxation 247,656 996,303 247,656 996,303
Other taxes and social security 4,318,760 5,257,237 - -
Other creditors 10,708,028 12,647,586 3 3
Accruals and deferred income 233,198 35,963 38,198 35,963
Amounts owed to related parties 1,180,377 630,377 1,180,377 630,377
26,502,326 31,368,524 1,472,193 1,668,372
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19. Creditors: Amounts Falling Due After More Than One Year
Group
2024 2023
Other loans 3,288,879 1,612,783
20. Loans
An analysis of the maturity of loans is given below:
Group
2024 2023
Amounts falling due between one and five years:
Other loans 3,288,879 1,612,783
Epalia has a State Guaranteed Loan ("SGL") of €500,000 from the Banque Postale and €500,000 from Crédit Agricole Centre Est. The French state guarantees 90% of the amount that the bank lends to the company. Loan is due for repayment on 24 December 2026. Epalia has an option to repay the loan in full or in instalments at an agreed interest rate.
21. Provisions for Liabilities
Group
Deferred Tax Other Provisions Total
As at 1 January 2024 166,290 744,902 911,192
Additions 227,145 - 227,145
Utilised - (459,992 ) (459,992)
Balance at 31 December 2024 393,435 284,910 678,345
Company
Deferred Tax Total
As at 1 January 2024 166,290 166,290
Additions 227,145 227,145
Balance at 31 December 2024 393,435 393,435
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22. Share Capital
2024 2023
Allotted, called up and fully paid
82 Ordinary Shares of € 1.10 each 90 90
23. Capital Commitments
2024 2023
At the end of the period 848,674 848,674
At the end of the period, the group and company had capital commitments contracted for but not provided in these financial statements
24. Other Commitments
The total of future minimum lease payments under non-cancellable operating leases are as following:
2024 2023
Not later than one year 2,498,059 2,498,059
Later than one year and not later than five years 4,004,391 4,004,391
Later than five years 1,888,778 1,888,778
8,391,228 8,391,228
The amount of non-cancellable operating lease payments recognised as an expense during the year was €4,417,249 (2023 - €3,913,278).
Esitmated retirement benefit obligations were €1,183,000 (2023: €1,054,000), these were estimated based on a retrospective calculation assuming voluntary retirement by employees at age 65.
25. Post Balance Sheet Events
In January 2025 French subsidiary Epalia entered an agreement with Trade Unions in France to close three operational sites and one administrative centre with agreed redundancy an termination and reorganisation costs estimated to be €850k.
Activation of the Guarantee Agreement between La Palette Comtoise and Epalia following inaccuracies identified in the balance sheet as at 31/12/2023 and relating to movable assets. A lump-sum settlement agreement was signed, definitively resolving the dispute through the payment of €256k to Epalia.
26. Related Party Disclosures
Key management personnel (including directors) received compensation of €1,001,478 (2023: €1,067,469)
1,001,478 1,067,469
JCA Holding Company LLC
Parent company
At the balance sheet date, JCA Holding Company LLC owed €94,210 (2023: €87,372) to the company.
Transformer Acquisition Company Limited
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26. Related Party Disclosures - continued
A company in which Mr M Renard- Payen is a director and shareholder.
At the balance sheet date, the company owed €340,573 (2023: €340,573) to Transformer Acquisition Company Limited.
United Manufacturing and Trading Company Limited
A company in which Mr L M Levie is a director.
At the balance sheet date, the company owed €289,805 (2023: €289,805) to United Manufacturing and Trading Company Limited. 
AIAC Puerto Rico Holdings LLC
A company in which Mr L M Levie is a director.
At the balance sheet date, the company owed €550,000 (2023: €Nil) to AIAC Puerto Rico Holdings LLC. 
Sirius Acquisition Company Limited
A company in which Mr M Renard- Payen is a director.
The company has provided a €1,000,000 unsecured loan to Sirius Acquisition Company Limited.
At the balance sheet date, Sirius Acquisition Company Limited owed €3,039,294 (2023: €1,070,104) to the company.
Casting Holding Company Limited
A company in which Mr L M Levie is a director.
At the balance sheet date, Casting Holding Company Limited owed €1,940,713 (2023: €3,004,571) to the company.
Circuit Acquisition Company Limited
A company in which Mr L M Levie is a director.
At the balance sheet date, Circuit Acquisition Company Limited owed Nil (2023: €58,383) to the company.
100% provision provided during the year against the balance receivable from Circuit Acquisition Company Limited.
Avara Pharmaceutical Services Inc.
A company in which Mr L M Levie is the ultimate shareholder.
At the balance sheet date, Avara Pharmaceutical Services Inc. owed €6,095,036 (2023: €5,815,495) to the company.
American Industrial Acquisition Corporation
A company in which Mr L M Levie is the ultimate shareholder.
At the balance sheet date, American Industrial Acquisition Corporation owed €22,886 (2023: €22,886) to the company.
Union Metal Industries Corporation
A company in which Mr L M Levie is the ultimate shareholder.
At the balance sheet date, Union Metal Industries Corporation owed €19,128 (2023: €19,128) to the company.
Arnpriror Aerospace
A company in which Mr L M Levie is the ultimate shareholder.
During the year, the comapny has provided loan of €660,057 to Arnpriror Aerospace at the annual interest rate of 11%.
At the balance sheet date, Arnpriror Aerospace owed €669,133 (2023: €Nil) to the company.
KI Holding Company Inc
A company in which Mr L M Levie is a director.
During the year, the comapny has issued promissiory note of €819,604 to KI Holding Company Inc at the annual interest rate of 5%.
At the balance sheet date, KI Holding Company Inc owed €823,019 (2023: €Nil) to the company.
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27. Controlling Parties
The company's immediate parent undertaking is JCA Holding Company LLC , incorporated in United States.
The company's ultimate controlling party is L M Levie by virtue of their interest in the share capital of the company.
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