GNOGHOLDINGS LIMITED


Directors	HUGHES, Penri Sion
	HUGHES, Stephen David


Registered Address	3 Clos Y Ceiliog
	Llandre
	Bow Street
	SY24 5AN


Registered Number	16098780 (England and Wales)

Notes to the Financial Statements
for the period ended 30 November 2025

1.	Accounting policies

	Statutory information
	The company is a private company limited by shares and registered in England and Wales. The company's registered number and registered office address can be found on the Company Information page.

	Statement of compliance
	The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the Companies Act 2006 and FRS 102 The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland including Section 1A Small Entities.

	Basis of preparation
	The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention and in accordance with FRS 102, the financial reporting standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (as applied to small entities by section 1A of the standard). The financial statements are prepared in sterling, which is the functional currency of the entity.

	Going concern
	After reviewing the company's forecasts and projections, the directors have a reasonable expectation that the company has adequate resources to continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future. The company therefore continues to adopt the going concern basis of accounting in preparing its financial statements.

	Judgements and key sources of estimation uncertainty
	In the application of the company's accounting policies, the directors are required to make judgements, estimates and assumptions about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. These critical accounting judgements and estimations are based on historical experience and other factors that are considered to be relevant. Actual results may differ from these estimates. The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised in the period in which the estimate is revised if the revision affects only that period, or in the period of the revision and future periods if the revision affects both current and future periods. The critical judgements made by management that have a significant effect on the amounts recognised in the financial statements are described below.

Judgements and key sources of estimation uncertainty

In the application of the company's accounting policies, the directors are required to make judgements, estimates and assumptions about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. These critical accounting judgements and estimations are based on historical experience and other factors that are considered to be relevant. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised in the period in which the estimate is revised if the revision affects only that period, or in the period of the revision and future periods if the revision affects both current and future periods.

The critical judgements made by management that have a significant effect on the amounts recognised in the financial statements are described below.

	Revenue from rendering of services
	Revenue from the rendering of services is recognised by reference to the stage of completion of the contract. The stage of completion of a contract is measured by comparing the costs incurred for work performed to date to the total estimated contract costs. Turnover is only recognised to the extent of recoverable expenses when the outcome of a contract cannot be estimated reliably.

	Employee benefits
	Short-term employee benefits are measured at the undiscounted amount expected to be paid in exchange for the employee's services to the company. Where employees have accrued short-term benefits which the entity has not paid by the balance sheet date, an accrual is recognised within creditors: amounts falling due within one year together with an associated expense in profit or loss. The liabilities are classified as current obligations in the statement of financial position because they are expected to be settled wholly within twelve months after the end of the period.

Employee benefits

Short-term employee benefits are measured at the undiscounted amount expected to be paid in exchange for the employee's services to the company. Where employees have accrued short-term benefits which the entity has not paid by the balance sheet date, an accrual is recognised within creditors: amounts falling due within one year together with an associated expense in profit or loss. The liabilities are classified as current obligations in the statement of financial position because they are expected to be settled wholly within twelve months after the end of the period.

	Defined contribution pension plan
	The company operates a defined contribution pension plan for the benefit of its employees. Contributions are recognised as expenses as they become payable. Differences between contributions payable in the year and those actually paid are recognised as either prepayments or accruals in the balance sheet. The assets of the defined contribution pension scheme are held separately from those of the company in an independently administered fund.

Defined contribution pension plan

The company operates a defined contribution pension plan for the benefit of its employees. Contributions are recognised as expenses as they become payable. Differences between contributions payable in the year and those actually paid are recognised as either prepayments or accruals in the balance sheet. The assets of the defined contribution pension scheme are held separately from those of the company in an independently administered fund.

	Foreign currency translation
	Transactions in foreign currencies are initially recognised at the rate of exchange ruling at the date of the transaction. At the end of each reporting period foreign currency monetary items are translated at the closing rate of exchange. Non-monetary items that are measured at historical cost are translated at the rate ruling at the date of the transaction. All differences are charged to profit or loss.

Foreign currency translation

Transactions in foreign currencies are initially recognised at the rate of exchange ruling at the date of the transaction. At the end of each reporting period foreign currency monetary items are translated at the closing rate of exchange. Non-monetary items that are measured at historical cost are translated at the rate ruling at the date of the transaction. All differences are charged to profit or loss.

	Current taxation
	Current tax is recognised in profit or loss, except for taxes related to revaluations of land and buildings which are recognised in other comprehensive income. Current tax represents the amount of tax payable (receivable) in respect of taxable profit (loss) for the current, or past, reporting periods. Current tax is measured at the amount expected to be paid (recovered) using the tax rates and laws which have been enacted, or substantively enacted, by the balance sheet date. Where payments to HM Revenue and Customs exceed liabilities owed, an asset is recognised to the extent of the amount of tax recoverable.

Current taxation

Current tax is recognised in profit or loss, except for taxes related to revaluations of land and buildings which are recognised in other comprehensive income.

Current tax represents the amount of tax payable (receivable) in respect of taxable profit (loss) for the current, or past, reporting periods. Current tax is measured at the amount expected to be paid (recovered) using the tax rates and laws which have been enacted, or substantively enacted, by the balance sheet date. Where payments to HM Revenue and Customs exceed liabilities owed, an asset is recognised to the extent of the amount of tax recoverable.

	Deferred tax
	Deferred tax is recognised in respect of all timing differences between the recognition of income and expenses in the financial statements and their inclusion in tax assessments. Unrelieved tax losses and other deferred tax assets are recognised only to the extent that it is probable that they will be recovered against the reversal of deferred tax liabilities or other future taxable profits. Deferred tax is measured using the tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the reporting date and that are expected to apply to the reversal of the timing difference, except for revalued land and investment property where the tax rate that applies to the sale of the asset is used. Current and deferred tax assets and liabilities are not discounted.

Deferred tax

Deferred tax is recognised in respect of all timing differences between the recognition of income and expenses in the financial statements and their inclusion in tax assessments. Unrelieved tax losses and other deferred tax assets are recognised only to the extent that it is probable that they will be recovered against the reversal of deferred tax liabilities or other future taxable profits. Deferred tax is measured using the tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the reporting date and that are expected to apply to the reversal of the timing difference, except for revalued land and investment property where the tax rate that applies to the sale of the asset is used. Current and deferred tax assets and liabilities are not discounted.

	Tangible fixed assets and depreciation
	All fixed assets are initially recorded at cost. Property, plant and equipment is used in the company's principal activity and is stated in the balance sheet under the historic cost model. This model requires the assets to be stated at cost less amounts in respect of depreciation and less any accumulated impairment losses. Depreciation is calculated so as to write off the cost of an asset, less its estimated residual value (which is the expected amount that would currently be obtained from disposal of an asset, after deducting the estimated costs of disposal, if the asset were already of the age and in the condition expected at the end of its useful life), over the useful economic life of the respective asset as follows:

Tangible fixed assets and depreciation

All fixed assets are initially recorded at cost. Property, plant and equipment is used in the company's principal activity and is stated in the balance sheet under the historic cost model. This model requires the assets to be stated at cost less amounts in respect of depreciation and less any accumulated impairment losses. Depreciation is calculated so as to write off the cost of an asset, less its estimated residual value (which is the expected amount that would currently be obtained from disposal of an asset, after deducting the estimated costs of disposal, if the asset were already of the age and in the condition expected at the end of its useful life), over the useful economic life of the respective asset as follows:


		Straight line (years)
	Vehicles	5
	Office Equipment	5

	Government grants or assistance
	Government grants are recognised at the fair value of the asset received or receivable when there is reasonable assurance that the grant conditions will be met and the grants will be received. A grant that specifies performance conditions is recognised in income when the performance conditions are met. Where a grant does not specify performance conditions it is recognised in income when the proceeds are received or receivable. A grant received before the recognition criteria are satisfied is recognised as a liability.

Government grants or assistance

Government grants are recognised at the fair value of the asset received or receivable when there is reasonable assurance that the grant conditions will be met and the grants will be received. 

A grant that specifies performance conditions is recognised in income when the performance conditions are met. Where a grant does not specify performance conditions it is recognised in income when the proceeds are received or receivable. A grant received before the recognition criteria are satisfied is recognised as a liability.

2.	Average number of employees


		2025
	Average number of employees during the year	2

3.	Tangible fixed assets

	Vehicles	Office Equipment	Total
	£	£	£
Cost or valuation
Additions	92,100	3,223	95,323
At 30 November 25	92,100	3,223	95,323
Depreciation and impairment
Charge for year	9,420	644	10,064
At 30 November 25	9,420	644	10,064
Net book value
At 30 November 25	82,680	2,579	85,259
At 24 November 24	-	-	-

4.	Creditors: amounts due within one year

		2025
		£
	Taxation and social security	304,002
	Other creditors	72,698
	Accrued liabilities and deferred income	3,487
	Total	380,187

5.	Provisions for liabilities

		2025
		£
	Net deferred tax liability (asset)	2,491
	Total	2,491

6.	Directors advances, credits and guarantees

	Brought forward	Amount advanced	Amount repaid	Carried forward
	£	£	£	£
HUGHES, Penri Sion	0	43,968	0	43,968
HUGHES, Stephen David	0	938	0	938
	0	44,906	0	44,906


	Both loans are unsecured, interest-free and repayable on demand.

7.	Events after reporting date
	The company received a net proceeds right on the disposal of intellectual property. This right entitles the company to a share of any capital transaction undertaken by the buyer. The likelihood of receiving any value from this right remains low. In addition, the value of this right cannot be established. No asset has been recognised on this basis.

8.	Controlling party
	The company is controlled by the director and majority shareholder, Mr PS Hughes.

	Notes	2025
		£	£
Fixed assets
Tangible assets	3		85,259
			85,259
Current assets
Debtors		568
Cash at bank and on hand		1,049,405
		1,049,973
Creditors amounts falling due within one year	4	(380,187)
Net current assets (liabilities)			669,786
Total assets less current liabilities			755,045
Provisions for liabilities	5		(2,491)
Net assets			752,554
Capital and reserves
Called up share capital			10
Profit and loss account			752,544
Shareholders' funds			752,554