Caseware UK (AP4) 2025.0.111 2025.0.111 2026-03-31 2026-03-31 59 true true true true true The principal acitivity of the Company is the provision of economic and social development consultancy services.2025-04-01 false 56 true false false 01701564 2025-04-01 2026-03-31 01701564 2024-04-01 2025-03-31 01701564 2026-03-31 01701564 2025-03-31 01701564 2024-04-01 01701564 c:CompanySecretary1 2025-04-01 2026-03-31 01701564 c:Director1 2025-04-01 2026-03-31 01701564 c:Director2 2025-04-01 2026-03-31 01701564 c:Director3 2025-04-01 2026-03-31 01701564 c:Director4 2025-04-01 2026-03-31 01701564 c:RegisteredOffice 2025-04-01 2026-03-31 01701564 c:Agent1 2025-04-01 2026-03-31 01701564 d:FurnitureFittings 2025-04-01 2026-03-31 01701564 d:FurnitureFittings 2026-03-31 01701564 d:FurnitureFittings 2025-03-31 01701564 d:FurnitureFittings d:OwnedOrFreeholdAssets 2025-04-01 2026-03-31 01701564 d:CurrentFinancialInstruments 2026-03-31 01701564 d:CurrentFinancialInstruments 2025-03-31 01701564 d:CurrentFinancialInstruments d:WithinOneYear 2026-03-31 01701564 d:CurrentFinancialInstruments d:WithinOneYear 2025-03-31 01701564 d:ReportableOperatingSegment1 2025-04-01 2026-03-31 01701564 d:ReportableOperatingSegment1 2024-04-01 2025-03-31 01701564 e:UnitedKingdom 2025-04-01 2026-03-31 01701564 e:UnitedKingdom 2024-04-01 2025-03-31 01701564 e:RestEuropeOutsideUK 2025-04-01 2026-03-31 01701564 e:RestEuropeOutsideUK 2024-04-01 2025-03-31 01701564 d:UKTax 2025-04-01 2026-03-31 01701564 d:UKTax 2024-04-01 2025-03-31 01701564 d:ShareCapital 2026-03-31 01701564 d:ShareCapital 2025-03-31 01701564 d:ShareCapital 2024-04-01 01701564 d:SharePremium 2026-03-31 01701564 d:SharePremium 2025-03-31 01701564 d:SharePremium 2024-04-01 01701564 d:CapitalRedemptionReserve 2026-03-31 01701564 d:CapitalRedemptionReserve 2025-03-31 01701564 d:CapitalRedemptionReserve 2024-04-01 01701564 d:RetainedEarningsAccumulatedLosses 2025-04-01 2026-03-31 01701564 d:RetainedEarningsAccumulatedLosses 2026-03-31 01701564 d:RetainedEarningsAccumulatedLosses 2024-04-01 2025-03-31 01701564 d:RetainedEarningsAccumulatedLosses 2025-03-31 01701564 d:RetainedEarningsAccumulatedLosses 2024-04-01 01701564 d:FurtherSpecificTypeProvisionContingentLiability1ComponentTotalProvisionsContingentLiabilities 2026-03-31 01701564 d:FurtherSpecificTypeProvisionContingentLiability1ComponentTotalProvisionsContingentLiabilities 2025-03-31 01701564 c:OrdinaryShareClass1 2025-04-01 2026-03-31 01701564 c:OrdinaryShareClass1 2026-03-31 01701564 c:OrdinaryShareClass1 2025-03-31 01701564 c:FRS102 2025-04-01 2026-03-31 01701564 c:Audited 2025-04-01 2026-03-31 01701564 c:FullAccounts 2025-04-01 2026-03-31 01701564 c:PrivateLimitedCompanyLtd 2025-04-01 2026-03-31 01701564 d:WithinOneYear 2026-03-31 01701564 d:WithinOneYear 2025-03-31 01701564 d:BetweenOneFiveYears 2026-03-31 01701564 d:BetweenOneFiveYears 2025-03-31 01701564 d:AcceleratedTaxDepreciationDeferredTax 2026-03-31 01701564 d:AcceleratedTaxDepreciationDeferredTax 2025-03-31 01701564 d:TaxLossesCarry-forwardsDeferredTax 2026-03-31 01701564 d:TaxLossesCarry-forwardsDeferredTax 2025-03-31 01701564 2 2025-04-01 2026-03-31 01701564 f:PoundSterling 2025-04-01 2026-03-31 xbrli:shares iso4217:GBP xbrli:pure

Registered number: 01701564 SQW LIMITED ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2026
SQW LIMITED COMPANY INFORMATION
Directors | D J L Crichton-Miller
| K H Wright
| L B Delahunty
| C M Doel
Company secretary | K H Wright
Registered number | 01701564
Registered office | Oxford Centre for Innovation
| Blue Boar Court
| 9 Alfred Street
| Oxford
| OX1 4EH
Independent auditor | James Cowper Kreston Audit
| Chartered Accountants and Statutory Auditor
| 201 Cumnor Hill
| Cumnor
| Oxford
| Oxfordshire
| OX2 9PJ
Bankers | HSBC UK Bank Plc
| 65 Cornmarket Street
| Oxford
| OX1 3HY
SQW LIMITED CONTENTS
| Page
Strategic Report | 1 - 2
Directors' Report | 3 - 4
Independent Auditor's Report | 5 - 7
Statement of Comprehensive Income | 8
Balance Sheet | 9
Statement of Changes in Equity | 10
Notes to the Financial Statements | 11 - 21
SQW LIMITED STRATEGIC REPORT FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2026
Introduction
The annual report and financial statements presented here are for SQW Limited (‘the Company’). The principal activity of the Company during the period was the provision of economic and social development consultancy services.
Business review
Although market conditions, as anticipated, presented some challenges for the Company during 2025/26, the team still kept busy and generated turnover of £4,753,272 (2024/25: £5,691,694) in the year. An operating loss of £60,671 was generated (2024/25: profit £228,629) which includes a share of Group overheads. The Company continues to be well positioned and very highly regarded in all its markets as well as continuing to serve a wide range of policy areas and disciplines in sustainable economic and social development. 2025/26 was aided by a good order book at the start of the year, and although the challenges of the public finances and the government’s policy gestation process led to some delays and temporary reduction in the flow of consultancy work during the first half of the year, an improvement in the release of work winning opportunities in the second half means that the pipeline for 2026/27 represents half of budgeted revenues. Strain on public finances and continued disruption in the flow of work is still expected to be a theme of 2026/27, but the strength of the team and quality of their work, evidenced by our strong work winning record, mean that we continue to be well placed to respond as the consistency of demand for research and evaluation services returns over the medium-term. The team remains optimistic as it continues to recruit and focus on realising longer-term growth ambitions.
Principal risks and uncertainties
The Company is exposed to a variety of financial risks resulting from its operating activities. The board is responsible for determining the Company’s financial risk management policy and focuses on securing the Company’s cash flows. The Company does not actively engage in the trading of financial assets and has no financial derivatives. The most significant risks to which the Company is exposed to are described below: Credit Risk The Company’s credit risk is primarily attributable to its trade debtors. The amounts presented in the balance sheet are net of any allowance for doubtful debts, as estimated by the directors. The Company has no significant concentration of credit risk, with exposure spread over a large number of customers. Cash Flow Risk The Company seeks to manage risks to ensure sufficient liquidity is available to meet foreseeable needs and to invest cash assets safely and profitably. Short term flexibility is achieved by Management actively monitoring future cash flow requirements on a regular basis. People Risk The Company is at all times exposed to the risk that the most critical contributors among its people may decide to pursue other careers or paths. We would refer also to the establishment of a scheme for our leaders to become shareholders of the Company as a straightforward means of both aligning interests and encouraging a deepening of commitment to the Group by our senior people. We pay careful attention through processes of salary adjustment, bonus awards, feedback and development in seeking to retain our key people. To date we feel satisfied with the outcomes achieved; however, this risk is one that requires constant attention. Page 1
SQW LIMITED STRATEGIC REPORT (CONTINUED) FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2026
Financial key performance indicators
Turnover for the year was £4,753,272 (2025: £5,691,694). Gross profit for the year was £1,122,139, (2025: £1,606,704). Operating loss for the year was £60,721 (2025: profit £226,131). Loss on ordinary activities before taxation for the period was £58,814 (2025: profit £228,629). Cash at bank at 31 March 2026 was £1,020,777 (2025: £1,462,457). Net Current Assets at 31 March 2026 were £3,095,627 (2025: £3,128,129). Dividends of £Nil were paid during the year (2025:£114,000)
Other key performance indicators
The Company does not currently monitor any non-financial performance indicators. This report was approved by the board and signed on its behalf.
K H Wright Director
Date: 30 July 2026
Page 2
SQW LIMITED DIRECTORS' REPORT FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2026 The Directors present their report and the financial statements for the year ended 31 March 2026.
Directors
The Directors who served during the year were:
D J L Crichton-Miller
K H Wright
L B Delahunty
C M Doel
Directors' responsibilities statement
The Directors are responsible for preparing the Strategic Report, the Directors' Report and the financial statements in accordance with applicable law and regulations. Company law requires the Directors to prepare financial statements for each financial year. Under that law the Directors have elected to prepare the financial statements in accordance with applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice), including Financial Reporting Standard 102 ‘The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland'. Under company law the Directors must not approve the financial statements unless they are satisfied that they give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the Company and of the profit or loss of the Company for that period. In preparing these financial statements, the Directors are required to: ∙select suitable accounting policies for the Company's financial statements and then apply them consistently; ∙make judgements and accounting estimates that are reasonable and prudent; ∙prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that the Company will continue in business. The Directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that are sufficient to show and explain the Company's transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the Company and to enable them to ensure that the financial statements comply with the Companies Act 2006. They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the Company and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities.
Results and dividends
The loss for the year, after taxation, amounted to £45,454 (2025 : profit £164,617). Dividends of £nil were paid during the year (2025: £114,000)
Future developments
As highlighted within the Strategic Report, the Company has enjoyed periods of growth, but also faces uncertainty in its markets at this current time. SQW has an outstanding reputation for quality and expertise, continuing to deliver for current clients, as well as expanding their reach in well-established and adjacent markets. The Company will require continued investment in people, including recruitment of both junior consultants and experienced senior consultants with specialist and complementary expertise. SQW has invested significantly in quantitative capabilities and expects to continue further such investment as well as in its processes and technology. Page 3
SQW LIMITED DIRECTORS' REPORT (CONTINUED) FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2026
Disclosure of information to auditor
Each of the persons who are Directors at the time when this Directors' Report is approved has confirmed that: ∙so far as the Director is aware, there is no relevant audit information of which the Company's auditor is unaware, and ∙the Director has taken all the steps that ought to have been taken as a Director in order to be aware of any relevant audit information and to establish that the Company's auditor is aware of that information.
Post balance sheet events
There have been no significant events affecting the Company since the year end.
Auditor
The auditor, James Cowper Kreston Audit, will be proposed for reappointment in accordance with section 485 of the Companies Act 2006. This report was approved by the board and signed on its behalf.
K H Wright Director
Date: 30 July 2026
Page 4
SQW LIMITED INDEPENDENT AUDITOR'S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF SQW LIMITED
Opinion
We have audited the financial statements of SQW Limited (the 'Company') for the year ended 31 March 2026, which comprise the Statement of Comprehensive Income, the Balance Sheet, the Statement of Changes in Equity and the related notes, including a summary of significant accounting policies. The financial reporting framework that has been applied in their preparation is applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards, including Financial Reporting Standard 102 ‘The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland' (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice). In our opinion the financial statements: ∙give a true and fair view of the state of the Company's affairs as at 31 March 2026 and of its loss for the year then ended; ∙have been properly prepared in accordance with United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice; and ∙have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006.
Basis for opinion
We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and applicable law. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditor's responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements section of our report. We are independent of the Company in accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in the United Kingdom, including the Financial Reporting Council's Ethical Standard and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.
Conclusions relating to going concern
In auditing the financial statements, we have concluded that the Directors' use of the going concern basis of accounting in the preparation of the financial statements is appropriate. Based on the work we have performed, we have not identified any material uncertainties relating to events or conditions that, individually or collectively, may cast significant doubt on the Company's ability to continue as a going concern for a period of at least twelve months from when the financial statements are authorised for issue. Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of the Directors with respect to going concern are described in the relevant sections of this report.
Other information
The other information comprises the information included in the Annual Report other than the financial statements and our Auditor's Report thereon. The Directors are responsible for the other information contained within the Annual Report. Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and, except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in our report, we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon. Our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the course of the audit, or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If we identify such material inconsistencies or apparent material misstatements, we are required to determine whether this gives rise to a material misstatement in the financial statements themselves. If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact. We have nothing to report in this regard. Page 5
SQW LIMITED INDEPENDENT AUDITOR'S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF SQW LIMITED (CONTINUED)
Opinion on other matters prescribed by the Companies Act 2006
In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of the audit: ∙the information given in the Strategic Report and the Directors' Report for the financial year for which the financial statements are prepared is consistent with the financial statements; and ∙the Strategic Report and the Directors' Report have been prepared in accordance with applicable legal requirements.
Matters on which we are required to report by exception
In the light of the knowledge and understanding of the Company and its environment obtained in the course of the audit, we have not identified material misstatements in the Strategic Report or the Directors' Report. We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters in relation to which the Companies Act 2006 requires us to report to you if, in our opinion: ∙adequate accounting records have not been kept, or returns adequate for our audit have not been received from branches not visited by us; or ∙the financial statements are not in agreement with the accounting records and returns; or ∙certain disclosures of Directors' remuneration specified by law are not made; or ∙we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit.
Responsibilities of directors
As explained more fully in the Directors' Responsibilities Statement set out on page 3, the Directors are responsible for the preparation of the financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair view, and for such internal control as the Directors determine is necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error. In preparing the financial statements, the Directors are responsible for assessing the Company's ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the Directors either intend to liquidate the Company or to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so. Page 6
SQW LIMITED INDEPENDENT AUDITOR'S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF SQW LIMITED (CONTINUED)
Auditor's responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an Auditor's Report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements. Because of the inherent limitations of an audit, there is a risk that we will not detect all irregularities, including those leading to a material misstatement in the financial statements or non-compliance with regulation. This risk increases the more that compliance with a law or regulation is removed from the events and transactions reflected in the financial statements, as we will be less likely to become aware of instances of non-compliance. The risk is also greater regarding irregularities occurring due to fraud rather than error, as fraud involves intentional concealment, forgery, collusion, omission or misrepresentation. The specific procedures for this engagement that we designed and performed to detect material misstatements in respect of irregularities, including fraud, were as follows: ∙Enquiry of management and those charged with governance around actual and potential litigation and claims; ∙Enquiry of management and those charged with governance to identify any material instances of non- compliance with laws and regulations ∙Reviewing financial statement disclosures and testing to supporting documentation to assess compliance with applicable laws and regulations; ∙ Performing audit work to address the risk of irregularities due to management override of controls, including testing of journal entries and other adjustments for appropriateness, evaluating the business rationale of significant transactions outside the normal course of business and reviewing accounting estimates for evidence of bias A further description of our responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements is located on the Financial Reporting Council's website at: www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities. This description forms part of our Auditor's Report.
Use of our report
This report is made solely to the Company's members, as a body, in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of the Companies Act 2006. Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the Company's members those matters we are required to state to them in an Auditor's Report and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other than the Company and the Company's members, as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we have formed. Sue Staunton MA FCA CF (Senior Statutory Auditor) for and on behalf of James Cowper Kreston Audit Chartered Accountants and Statutory Auditor 201 Cumnor Hill Cumnor Oxford Oxfordshire OX2 9PJ 30 July 2026 Page 7
SQW LIMITED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2026
| 2026 | 2025
Note | £ | £
Turnover | 4 | 4,753,272 | 5,691,694
Cost of sales |  | (3,631,133) | (4,084,990)
Gross profit |  | 1,122,139 | 1,606,704
Administrative expenses |  | (1,182,860) | (1,380,573)
Operating (loss)/profit | 5 | (60,721) | 226,131
Interest receivable and similar income |  | 1,907 | 2,498
(Loss)/profit before tax |  | (58,814) | 228,629
Tax on (loss)/profit | 9 | 13,360 | (64,012)
(Loss)/profit for the financial year |  | (45,454) | 164,617
There was no other comprehensive income for 2026 (2025:£NIL).
The notes on pages 11 to 21 form part of these financial statements.
Page 8
SQW LIMITED REGISTERED NUMBER: 01701564 BALANCE SHEET AS AT 31 MARCH 2026
| 2026 | 2025
Note | £ | £
Fixed assets |  |  |
Tangible assets | 11 | 27,234 | 48,132
|  | 27,234 | 48,132
Current assets |  |  |
Debtors: amounts falling due within one year | 12 | 3,794,122 | 3,761,332
Cash at bank and in hand | 13 | 1,020,777 | 1,462,457
|  | 4,814,899 | 5,223,789
Creditors: amounts falling due within one year | 14 | (1,719,272) | (2,095,660)
Net current assets |  | 3,095,627 | 3,128,129
Total assets less current liabilities |  | 3,122,861 | 3,176,261
Provisions for liabilities |  |  |
Deferred tax | 15 | - | (7,946)
Other provisions | 16 | (85,500) | (85,500)
|  | (85,500) | (93,446)
Net assets |  | 3,037,361 | 3,082,815
Capital and reserves |  |  |
Called up share capital | 17 | 2,232 | 2,232
Share premium account |  | 376,396 | 376,396
Capital redemption reserve |  | 50,979 | 50,979
Profit and loss account |  | 2,607,754 | 2,653,208
|  | 3,037,361 | 3,082,815
The financial statements were approved and authorised for issue by the board and were signed on its behalf by:
K H Wright
Director
Date: 30 July 2026
The notes on pages 11 to 21 form part of these financial statements. Page 9
SQW LIMITED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2026
| Called up share capital | Share premium account | Capital redemption reserve | Profit and loss account | Total equity
| £ | £ | £ | £ | £
At 1 April 2024 | 2,232 | 376,396 | 50,979 | 2,602,591 | 3,032,198
Profit for the year | - | - | - | 164,617 | 164,617
Dividends: Equity capital | - | - | - | (114,000) | (114,000)
At 1 April 2025 | 2,232 | 376,396 | 50,979 | 2,653,208 | 3,082,815
Loss for the year | - | - | - | (45,454) | (45,454)
At 31 March 2026 | 2,232 | 376,396 | 50,979 | 2,607,754 | 3,037,361
| The notes on pages 11 to 21 form part of these financial statements.
Page 10
SQW LIMITED NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2026
1. | General information
SQW Limited is a private limited company incorporated in the UK and registered in England and Wales. The Company's registered office is Oxford Centre for Innovation, Blue Boar Court, 9 Alfred Street, Oxford, OX1 4EH. The principal activity of the Company is providing economic and social development consultancy services. 2.Accounting policies
| 2.1 | Basis of preparation of financial statements
The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention unless otherwise specified within these accounting policies and in accordance with Financial Reporting Standard 102, the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and the Republic of Ireland and the Companies Act 2006. The preparation of financial statements in compliance with FRS 102 requires the use of certain critical accounting estimates. It also requires management to exercise judgement in applying the Company's accounting policies (see note 3). The following principal accounting policies have been applied:
| 2.2 | Financial Reporting Standard 102 - reduced disclosure exemptions
The Company has taken advantage of the following disclosure exemptions in preparing these financial statements, as permitted by the FRS 102 "The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland": ∙the requirements of Section 7 Statement of Cash Flows; ∙the requirements of Section 3 Financial Statement Presentation paragraph 3.17(d); ∙the requirements of Section 11 Financial Instruments paragraphs 11.42, 11.44 to 11.45, 11.47, 11.48(a)(iii), 11.48(a)(iv), 11.48(b) and 11.48(c); ∙the requirements of Section 12 Other Financial Instruments paragraphs 12.26 to 12.27, 12.29(a), 12.29(b) and 12.29A; ∙the requirements of Section 26 Share-based Payment paragraphs 26.18(b), 26.19 to 26.21 and 26.23; ∙the requirements of Section 33 Related Party Disclosures paragraph 33.7. This information is included in the consolidated financial statements of SQW Group Newco 2018 Limited as at 31 March 2026 and these financial statements may be obtained from their registered office.
| 2.3 | Going concern
The financial statements have been prepared on a going concern basis. The directors have assessed the Company's ability to continue as a going concern, including reviewing future cash flows, liquidity, and available credit facilities. The directors have a reasonable expectation that the company has adequate resources to continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future, and, therefore, continue to adopt the going concern basis in preparing these financial statements. Page 11
SQW LIMITED NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2026 2.Accounting policies (continued)
| 2.4 | Revenue
Revenue is recognised to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the revenue can be reliably measured. Revenue is measured as the fair value of the consideration received or receivable, excluding discounts, rebates, value added tax and other sales taxes. The following criteria must also be met before revenue is recognised: Rendering of services Revenue from a contract to provide services is recognised in the period in which the services are provided in accordance with the stage of completion of the contract when all of the following conditions are satisfied: ∙the amount of revenue can be measured reliably; ∙it is probable that the Company will receive the consideration due under the contract; ∙the stage of completion of the contract at the end of the reporting period can be measured reliably; and ∙the costs incurred and the costs to complete the contract can be measured reliably. When losses are anticipated on projects, the loss is recognised in full during the year in which it is first foreseen.
| 2.5 | Tangible fixed assets
Tangible fixed assets under the cost model are stated at historical cost less accumulated depreciation and any accumulated impairment losses. Historical cost includes expenditure that is directly attributable to bringing the asset to the location and condition necessary for it to be capable of operating in the manner intended by management. Depreciation is charged so as to allocate the cost of assets less their residual value over their estimated useful lives, using the straight-line method. Depreciation is provided on the following basis:
|  |  |  | Office furniture and equipment | - | 3 to 5 years straight line
The assets' residual values, useful lives and depreciation methods are reviewed, and adjusted prospectively if appropriate, or if there is an indication of a significant change since the last reporting date. Gains and losses on disposals are determined by comparing the proceeds with the carrying amount and are recognised in profit or loss.
| 2.6 | Operating leases: the Company as lessee
Rentals paid under operating leases are charged to profit or loss on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
| 2.7 | Debtors
Short-term debtors are measured at transaction price, less any impairment. Loans receivable are measured initially at fair value, net of transaction costs, and are measured subsequently at amortised cost using the effective interest method, less any impairment. Page 12
SQW LIMITED NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2026 2.Accounting policies (continued)
| 2.8 | Cash and cash equivalents
Cash is represented by cash in hand and deposits with financial institutions repayable without penalty on notice of not more than 24 hours. Cash equivalents are highly liquid investments that mature in no more than three months from the date of acquisition and that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash with insignificant risk of change in value.
| 2.9 | Financial instruments
The Company only enters into basic financial instrument transactions that result in the recognition of financial assets and liabilities like trade and other debtors and creditors, loans from banks and other third parties, loans to related parties and investments in ordinary shares.
| 2.10 | Creditors
Short-term creditors are measured at the transaction price. Other financial liabilities, including bank loans, are measured initially at fair value, net of transaction costs, and are measured subsequently at amortised cost using the effective interest method.
| 2.11 | Foreign currency translation
Functional and presentation currency The Company's functional and presentational currency is GBP, rounded to the nearest pound. Transactions and balances Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using the spot exchange rates at the dates of the transactions. At each period end foreign currency monetary items are translated using the closing rate. Non-monetary items measured at historical cost are translated using the exchange rate at the date of the transaction and non-monetary items measured at fair value are measured using the exchange rate when fair value was determined. Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of transactions and from the translation at period-end exchange rates of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are recognised in profit or loss except when deferred in other comprehensive income as qualifying cash flow hedges.
| 2.12 | Dividends
Equity dividends are recognised when they become legally payable. Interim equity dividends are recognised when paid. Final equity dividends are recognised when approved by the shareholders at an annual general meeting. Page 13
SQW LIMITED NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2026 2.Accounting policies (continued)
| 2.13 | Pensions
Defined contribution pension plan The Company operates a defined contribution plan for its employees. A defined contribution plan is a pension plan under which the Company pays fixed contributions into a separate entity. Once the contributions have been paid the Company has no further payment obligations. The contributions are recognised as an expense in profit or loss when they fall due. Amounts not paid are shown in accruals as a liability in the Balance Sheet. The assets of the plan are held separately from the Company in independently administered funds.
| 2.14 | Interest income
Interest income is recognised in profit or loss using the effective interest method.
| 2.15 | Provisions for liabilities
Provisions are recognised when an event has taken place that gives rise to a legal or constructive obligation, a transfer of economic benefits is probable and a reliable estimate can be made. Provisions are measured as the best estimate of the amount required to settle the obligation, taking into account the related risks and uncertainties. Increases in provisions are generally charged as an expense to profit or loss.
| 2.16 | Current and deferred taxation
The tax expense for the year comprises current and deferred tax. Tax is recognised in profit or loss except that a charge attributable to an item of income and expense recognised as other comprehensive income or to an item recognised directly in equity is also recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity respectively. The current income tax charge is calculated on the basis of tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date in the countries where the Company operates and generates income. Deferred tax balances are recognised in respect of all timing differences that have originated but not reversed by the balance sheet date, except that: ∙The recognition of deferred tax assets is limited to the extent that it is probable that they will be recovered against the reversal of deferred tax liabilities or other future taxable profits; and ∙Any deferred tax balances are reversed if and when all conditions for retaining associated tax allowances have been met. Deferred tax balances are not recognised in respect of permanent differences except in respect of business combinations, when deferred tax is recognised on the differences between the fair values of assets acquired and the future tax deductions available for them and the differences between the fair values of liabilities acquired and the amount that will be assessed for tax. Deferred tax is determined using tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date. Page 14
SQW LIMITED NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2026
3. | Judgements in applying accounting policies and key sources of estimation uncertainty
The preparation of the financial statements requires management to make judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the amount reported for assets and liabilities as at the balance sheet date and the amounts reported for revenues and expenses during the year. However, the nature of estimation means that actual outcomes could differ from those estimates. The following judgements (apart from those involving estimates) have had the most significant effects on amounts recognised in the financial statements. Revenue recognition - stage of completion The Company has a number of long-term contracts with customers. This method is based on performing estimates in relation to the stage of completion of projects. Depending on the method used to determine project progress, significant estimates correspond to costs pending incurring in each contract. Furthermore, the Company recognises provisions for negative margins when the estimate of total costs exceeds estimated income from contracts. These estimates are subject to changes based on new information regarding the stages of completion.
4. | Turnover
| An analysis of turnover by class of business is as follows:
|  |  |  |  | 2026 | 2025
|  |  |  |  | £ | £
| Sales | 4,753,272 | 5,691,694
|  | 4,753,272 | 5,691,694
Analysis of turnover by country of destination:
|  |  |  |  | 2026 | 2025
|  |  |  |  | £ | £
| United Kingdom | 4,719,892 | 5,645,909
| Rest of Europe | 33,380 | 45,785
|  | 4,753,272 | 5,691,694
5. | Operating (loss)/profit
| The operating (loss)/profit is stated after charging:
|  |  |  |  | 2026 | 2025
|  |  |  |  | £ | £
| Depreciation | 23,174 | 26,182
| Exchange differences | (1,786) | 707
Page 15
SQW LIMITED NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2026
6. | Auditor's remuneration
| During the year, the Company obtained the following services from the Company's auditor:
|  |  |  |  | 2026 | 2025
|  |  |  |  | £ | £
| Fees payable to the Company's auditor for the audit of the Company's financial statements | 10,300 | 10,000
| The Company has taken advantage of the exemption not to disclose amounts paid for non-audit services as these are disclosed in the consolidated accounts of the parent Company.
7. | Employees
|  |  |  |  | 2026 | 2025
|  |  |  |  | £ | £
| Wages and salaries | 2,855,159 | 3,180,644
| Social security costs | 340,472 | 305,960
| Cost of defined contribution scheme | 166,315 | 160,467
|  | 3,361,946 | 3,647,071
| The average monthly number of employees, including the Directors, during the year was as follows:
|  |  | 2026 | 2025
|  |  | No. | No.
|  | Consultancy staff | 56 | 59
8. | Directors' remuneration
|  |  |  |  | 2026 | 2025
|  |  |  |  | £ | £
| Directors' emoluments | 225,676 | 233,887
| Company contributions to defined contribution pension schemes | 57,513 | 34,613
|  | 283,189 | 268,500
| During the year retirement benefits were accruing to no Directors (2025 - 2) in respect of defined contribution pension schemes.
| The highest paid Director received remuneration of £117,705 (2025 - £110,259).
| The value of the Company's contributions paid to a defined contribution pension scheme in respect of the highest paid Director amounted to £25,865 (2025 - £25,682).
Page 16
SQW LIMITED NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2026
9. | Taxation
|  |  |  |  | 2026 | 2025
|  |  |  |  | £ | £
| Corporation tax |  |
| Current tax on profits for the year | - | 58,527
| Adjustments in respect of previous periods | 360 | 3,864
|  | 360 | 62,391
| Total current tax | 360 | 62,391
| Deferred tax |  |
| Origination and reversal of timing differences | (13,945) | 1,621
| Adjustments in respect of prior year | 225 | -
| Total deferred tax | (13,720) | 1,621
|  | (13,360) | 64,012
| Factors affecting tax charge for the year
| The tax assessed for the year is lower than (2025 - lower than) the standard rate of corporation tax in the UK of 25% (2025 - 25%). The differences are explained below:
|  |  |  |  | 2026 | 2025
|  |  |  |  | £ | £
| (Loss)/profit on ordinary activities before tax | (58,814) | 228,629
| (Loss)/profit on ordinary activities multiplied by standard rate of corporation tax in the UK of 25% (2025 - 25%) | (14,704) | 57,157
| Effects of: |  |
| Fixed asset differences | 225 | 52
| Capital allowances for year in excess of depreciation | 18 | 2,939
| Other permanent differences | 516 | -
| Adjustments to tax charge in respect of previous periods | 360 | 3,864
| Adjustments to tax charge in respect of prior periods - deferred tax | 225 | -
| Total tax charge for the year | (13,360) | 64,012
| Factors that may affect future tax charges
There were no factors that may affect future tax charges. Page 17
SQW LIMITED NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2026
10. | Dividends
|  |  |  |  | 2026 | 2025
|  |  |  |  | £ | £
| Dividends paid | - | 114,000
|  | - | 114,000
11. | Tangible fixed assets
|  | Office furniture and equipment
|  | £
| Cost or valuation |
| At 1 April 2025 | 209,488
| Additions | 2,274
| Disposals | (35,400)
| At 31 March 2026 | 176,362
| Depreciation |
| At 1 April 2025 | 161,356
| Charge for the year | 23,172
| Disposals | (35,400)
| At 31 March 2026 | 149,128
| Net book value |
| At 31 March 2026 | 27,234
| At 31 March 2025 | 48,132
Page 18
SQW LIMITED NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2026
12. | Debtors
|  |  |  |  | 2026 | 2025
|  |  |  |  | £ | £
| Trade debtors | 1,073,212 | 835,936
| Amounts owed by group undertakings | 2,362,673 | 2,618,794
| Other debtors | 31,764 | 34,820
| Prepayments and accrued income | 320,699 | 271,782
| Deferred taxation | 5,774 | -
|  | 3,794,122 | 3,761,332
| Amounts owed by group undertakings are non-interest bearing and repayable on demand.
13. | Cash and cash equivalents
|  |  |  |  | 2026 | 2025
|  |  |  |  | £ | £
| Cash at bank and in hand | 1,020,777 | 1,462,457
|  | 1,020,777 | 1,462,457
14. | Creditors: Amounts falling due within one year
|  |  |  |  | 2026 | 2025
|  |  |  |  | £ | £
| Trade creditors | 66,364 | 64,303
| Amounts owed to group undertakings | - | 3,000
| Corporation tax | - | 36,647
| Other taxation and social security | 406,783 | 382,292
| Other creditors | 77 | -
| Accruals and deferred income | 1,246,048 | 1,609,418
|  | 1,719,272 | 2,095,660
| Amounts owed to group undertakings are non-interest bearing and repayable on demand.
Page 19
SQW LIMITED NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2026
15. | Deferred taxation
|  | 2026 | 2025
|  | £ | £
| At beginning of year | (7,946) | (6,325)
| Charged to the profit or loss | 13,720 | (1,621)
| At end of year | 5,774 | (7,946)
| The deferred taxation balance is made up as follows:
|  |  |  |  | 2026 | 2025
|  |  |  |  | £ | £
| Accelerated capital allowances | (3,638) | (7,946)
| Tax losses carried forward | 9,412 | -
|  | 5,774 | (7,946)
16. | Provisions
|  | Dilapidations
|  | £
| At 1 April 2025 | 85,500
| At 31 March 2026 | 85,500
| There is uncertainty regarding the exact costs of the lease obligations and, therefore, the directors have included the best estimate in the financial statements in accordance with FRS102. The costs are expected to be settled on expiration of the leases.
17. | Share capital
|  |  |  |  | 2026 | 2025
|  |  |  |  | £ | £
|  | Allotted, called up and fully paid |  |
|  | 223,200 (2025 - 223,200) Ordinary shares of £0.01 each | 2,232 | 2,232
18. | Pension commitments
The Company operates a defined contribution pension scheme. The assets of the scheme are held separately from those of the Company in an independently administered fund. The pension charge represents contributions payable by the Company to the fund and amounted to £166,315 (2025: £160,467). Page 20
SQW LIMITED NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2026
19. | Commitments under operating leases
| At 31 March 2026 the Company had future minimum lease payments due under non-cancellable operating leases for each of the following periods:
|  |  |  |  | 2026 | 2025
|  |  |  |  | £ | £
| Not later than 1 year | 137,950 | 132,138
| Later than 1 year and not later than 5 years | 55,717 | 134,667
|  | 193,667 | 266,805
20. | Related party transactions
| The Company has taken the exemption under Section 33 of FRS 102 to not disclose transactions with wholly owned group companies.
21. | Controlling party
The immediate parent undertaking of the Company is SQW Group Limited, which is registered in England and Wales. The ultimate controlling undertaking is SQW Group Newco 2018 Limited, registered in England and Wales, by virtue of its 100% shareholding in the SQW Group Limited. The consolidated statements of SQW Group Newco 2018 Limited are publicly available from Oxford Centre for Innovation, Blue Boar Court, 9 Alfred Street, Oxford, OX1 4EH. .
Page 21