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Registered number: 05851891









COPA90 LIMITED









ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025

 
COPA90 LIMITED
 
 
COMPANY INFORMATION


Directors
N. Bahel 
T. Thirlwall 
J. A. Haug 
N. Curran 




Registered number
05851891



Registered office
6th Floor
One London Wall

London

EC2Y 5EB




Independent auditor
S&W Audit
Chartered Accountants & Statutory Auditor

Brockbourne House

77 Mount Ephraim

Royal Tunbridge Wells

TN4 8BS





 
COPA90 LIMITED
 

CONTENTS



Page
Group Strategic Report
 
1 - 2
Directors' Report
 
3
Directors' Responsibilities Statement
 
4
Independent Auditor's Report
 
5 - 8
Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income
 
9
Consolidated Balance Sheet
 
10
Company Balance Sheet
 
11 - 12
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity
 
13
Company Statement of Changes in Equity
 
14
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows
 
15
Analysis of net debt
 
16
Notes to the Financial Statements
 
17 - 33


 
COPA90 LIMITED
 
 
GROUP STRATEGIC REPORT
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025

Introduction
 
The directors present their strategic report for the year ended 31 December 2025. 

Business review
 
COPA90 is a fan and creator-first football media company. It specialises in connecting brands and major stakeholders in the world of football with fans through tailored content campaigns and output. The COPA90 brand and editorial has global reach with shows and IP which distinguish it from traditional media.

In today's fragmented media landscape, fans increasingly consume and experience the game outside the ninety minutes across numerous platforms and digital and real-life touchpoints, COPA90 solves this fragmentation challenge by delivering creator-first activations fueled by proprietary insight which reach fans across all these high-value spaces.

Revenue grew 5% to £22M and Adjusted EBITDA increased by 2% to £2.8M. The group used its strong P&L and cash liquidity to invest in strengthening its operating system and expanding into new geographies (US and GCC). The net cash position improved from £3.1M to £3.6M across the year.

Adjusted EBITDA and Operating profit are summarised in the table below:


2025

2024

£m

£m 
Adjusted EBITDA
2.8 

2.8 




Less:



One-off costs*
(1.3)

(0.7)
Non-cash items**
(0.1)

(0.1)




Operating profit
 1.4 

2.0 

*Non-recurring costs of (a) start-up in new geographies; and (b) investment in the Group's operating system
**Depreciation, amortisation, fair value adjustments and asset write-downs

Principal risks and uncertainties
 
In common with many businesses, economic uncertainty reduces demand for the Group’s services. We remain committed to a flexible cost model which ensures the business is more resilient to changes in the macro-economic environment.

Trading and cash flow forecasts are updated each week and the planning model for the business is updated regularly to provide longer term visibility of liquidity.

Page 1

 
COPA90 LIMITED
 

GROUP STRATEGIC REPORT (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025

Key performance indicators
 
The financial metrics shown below were the key performance indicators during the year:


2025

2024

£m 

£m 
Net cash
3.6 

3.1 
Adjusted EBITDA
2.8 

2.8 



This report was approved by the board and signed on its behalf.



T. Thirlwall
Director

Date: 3 June 2026

Page 2

 
COPA90 LIMITED
 
 
DIRECTORS' REPORT
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025

The directors present their report and the financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2025.

Results and dividends

The profit for the year, after taxation, amounted to £1,381 thousand (2024 - £1,935 thousand).

No dividends were paid to the shareholders of the company (2024 - £Nil). 

Directors

The directors who served during the year were:

N. Bahel 
T. Thirlwall 
J. A. Haug 
N. Curran 
E. Aluko (resigned 15 February 2026)

Future developments

There are no significant future developments. 

Disclosure of information to auditor

Each of the persons who are directors at the time when this Directors' report is approved has confirmed that:
 
so far as the director is aware, there is no relevant audit information of which the Company and the Group's auditor is unaware, and

the director has taken all the steps that ought to have been taken as a director in order to be aware of any relevant audit information and to establish that the Company and the Group's auditor is aware of that information.

Post balance sheet events

There have been no significant events affecting the Group since the year-end.

Auditor

The auditor, S&W Auditwill be proposed for reappointment in accordance with section 485 of the Companies Act 2006.

This report was approved by the board and signed on its behalf.
 





T. Thirlwall
Director

Date: 3 June 2026

Page 3

 
COPA90 LIMITED
 
 
DIRECTORS' RESPONSIBILITIES STATEMENT
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025

The directors are responsible for preparing the Group strategic report, the Directors' report and the consolidated financial statements in accordance with applicable law and regulations.

Company law requires the directors to prepare financial statements for each financial year. Under that law the directors have elected to prepare the financial statements in accordance with applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice), including Financial Reporting Standard 102 ‘The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland'. Under company law the directors must not approve the financial statements unless they are satisfied that they give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the Company and the Group and of the profit or loss of the Group for that period.

 In preparing these financial statements, the directors are required to:

select suitable accounting policies for the Group's financial statements and then apply them consistently;

make judgements and accounting estimates that are reasonable and prudent; and


prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that the Group will continue in business.

The directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that are sufficient to show and explain the Company's transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the Company and the Group and to enable them to ensure that the financial statements comply with the Companies Act 2006They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the Company and the Group and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities.

Page 4

 
img7623.png 
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR'S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF COPA90 LIMITED
 

Opinion

We have audited the financial statements of COPA90 Limited (the 'Parent Company') and its subsidiaries (the 'Group') for the year ended 31 December 2025 which comprise the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income, Consolidated and Company Balance Sheets, Consolidated and Company Statement of Changes in Equity, Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows and the notes to the financial statements, including significant accounting policies. The financial reporting framework that has been applied in their preparation is applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards, including FRS 102 “The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland” (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice).

In our opinion, the financial statements:
give a true and fair view of the state of the Group's and of the Parent Company's affairs as at 31 December 2025 and of the Group's profit for the year then ended;
have been properly prepared in accordance with United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice; and
have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006.

Basis for opinion

We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and applicable law. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements section of our report. We are independent of the Group and Parent Company in accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in the UK, including the FRC’s Ethical Standard, and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. 

Conclusions relating to going concern

In auditing the financial statements, we have concluded that the directors’ use of the going concern basis of accounting in the preparation of the financial statements is appropriate.

Based on the work we have performed, we have not identified any material uncertainties relating to events or conditions that, individually or collectively, may cast significant doubt on the Group and Parent Company’s ability to continue as a going concern for a period of at least twelve months from when the financial statements are authorised for issue.

Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of the directors with respect to going concern are described in the relevant sections of this report.
Page 5

 
COPA90 LIMITED
 
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR'S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF COPA90 LIMITED

Other information

The other information comprises the information included in the Annual Report and Financial Statements, other than the financial statements and our auditor’s report thereon. The directors are responsible for the other information contained within the Annual Report and Financial Statements. Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and, except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in our report, we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon. Our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the course of the audit or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If we identify such material inconsistencies or apparent material misstatements, we are required to determine whether this gives rise to a material misstatement in the financial statements themselves. If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact. 

We have nothing to report in this regard. 

Opinions on other matters prescribed by the Companies Act 2006

In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of the audit:
the information given in the Strategic Report and the Directors’ Report for the financial year for which the financial statements are prepared is consistent with the financial statements; and
the Strategic Report and the Directors’ Report have been prepared in accordance with applicable legal requirements.

Matters on which we are required to report by exception

In the light of the knowledge and understanding of the Group and the Parent Company and their environment obtained in the course of the audit, we have not identified material misstatements in the strategic report or the directors’ report.

We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters in relation to which the Companies Act 2006 requires us to report to you if, in our opinion:
adequate accounting records have not been kept, or returns adequate for our audit have not been received from branches not visited by us; or
the financial statements are not in agreement with the accounting records and returns; or
certain disclosures of directors’ remuneration specified by law are not made; or
we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit.

Responsibilities of directors

As explained more fully in the directors’ responsibilities statement set out on page 4, the directors are responsible for the preparation of the financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair view, and for such internal control as the directors determine is necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.

In preparing the financial statements, the directors are responsible for assessing the Group's and the Parent Company’s ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the directors either intend to liquidate the Parent Company or to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so. 

Page 6

 
COPA90 LIMITED
 
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR'S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF COPA90 LIMITED

Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements. 

Irregularities, including fraud, are instances of non-compliance with laws and regulations. We design procedures in line with our responsibilities, outlined above, to detect material misstatements in respect of irregularities, including fraud. The extent to which our procedures are capable of detecting irregularities, including fraud is detailed below:

We obtained a general understanding of the Group’s and the Parent Company's legal and regulatory framework through enquiry of management concerning their understanding of relevant laws and regulations, the entity’s policies and procedures regarding compliance, and how they identify, evaluate and account for litigation claims. We also drew on our existing understanding of the Group’s and the Parent Company's industry and regulation.

We understand that the Group and the Parent Company complies with the framework through:
 
Outsourcing payroll, accounts preparation and tax compliance to external experts.
Subscribing to relevant updates from external experts, and making changes to internal procedures and controls as necessary.
 
In the context of the audit, we considered those laws and regulations which determine the form and content of the financial statements, which are central to the Group’s and the Parent Company's ability to conduct its business, and/or where there is a risk that failure to comply could result in material penalties. We identified the following laws and regulations as being of significance in the context of the Group and the Parent Company:
 
The Companies Act 2006 and FRS 102 in respect of the preparation and presentation of the financial statements. 
 
The senior statutory auditor led a discussion with senior members of the engagement team regarding the susceptibility of the Group's and the Parent Company's financial statements to material misstatement, including how fraud might occur. The areas identified in this discussion were:
 
Payment of bonuses based on Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation and Amortisation, which creates an incentive for management to overstate revenues and understate costs.
Overstatement of revenue by premature recognition of sales and accrued income.
Manipulation of the financial statements, especially revenue, via fraudulent journal entries. 
 
These areas were communicated to the other members of the engagement team not present at the discussion. 

The procedures we carried out to gain evidence in the above areas included:
 
Challenging management regarding the assumptions and judgements used in the key accounting estimates and revenue recognition policy.
Testing accrued income and revenue recognised around the year-end to ensure that it has been recorded in the correct period.
Testing of revenues to supporting documentation to ensure that they have not been overstated; and testing of post-year-end payments and purchase invoices to ensure that costs and accruals have not been understated at the year-end.
Page 7

 
COPA90 LIMITED
 
 
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR'S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF COPA90 LIMITED

Testing journal entries, focusing particularly on postings to unexpected or unusual accounts.

Overall, the senior statutory auditor was satisfied that the engagement team collectively had the appropriate competence and capabilities to identify or recognise irregularities.

The primary responsibility for the prevention and detection of irregularities, including fraud, rests with both those charged with governance and management. As with any audit, there remained a higher risk of nondetection of irregularities, as these may involve collusion, forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations, or the override of internal controls. There are inherent limitations in the audit procedures described above, and the more removed from the financial transactions, the less likely it is that we would become aware of non-compliance with laws and regulations. We are not responsible for prevention of non-compliance and cannot be expected to detect non-compliance with all laws and regulations.

A further description of our responsibilities is available on the Financial Reporting Council’s website at: www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities. This description forms part of our auditor’s report.

Use of our report

This report is made solely to the Parent Company's members, as a body, in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of the Companies Act 2006. Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the Parent Company’s members those matters we are required to state to them in an auditor’s report and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other than the Parent Company and the Parent Company’s members as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we have formed.



Matthew Neill BA (Hons) MA FCA (Senior Statutory Auditor)
  
for and on behalf of
S&W Audit
 
Chartered Accountants
Statutory Auditor
  
Brockbourne House
77 Mount Ephraim
Royal Tunbridge Wells
TN4 8BS

12 June 2026
Page 8

 
COPA90 LIMITED
 
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025

2025
2024
Note
£000
£000

  

Turnover
 4 
22,002
21,052

Cost of sales
  
(13,163)
(12,483)

Gross profit
  
8,839
8,569

Administrative expenses
  
(7,411)
(6,763)

Other operating income
  
16
229

Operating profit
 5 
1,444
2,035

Interest receivable and similar income
 8 
46
40

Interest payable and expenses
 9 
(107)
(200)

Profit before taxation
  
1,383
1,875

Tax on profit
 10 
(2)
60

Profit for the financial year
  
1,381
1,935

  

Profit for the year attributable to:
  

Owners of the Parent Company
  
1,381
1,935

There was no other comprehensive income for 2025 (2024 - £Nil).

The notes on pages 17 to 33 form part of these financial statements.

Page 9

 
COPA90 LIMITED
REGISTERED NUMBER:05851891

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET
AS AT 31 DECEMBER 2025

2025
2024
Note
£000
£000

Fixed assets
  

Intangible assets
 11 
-
13

Tangible assets
 12 
71
29

  
71
42

Current assets
  

Debtors: amounts falling due after more than one year
 14 
213
-

Debtors: amounts falling due within one year
 14 
4,847
6,275

Bank and cash balances
  
3,580
4,289

  
8,640
10,564

Creditors: amounts falling due within one year
 15 
(3,162)
(5,153)

Net current assets
  
 
 
5,478
 
 
5,411

Total assets less current liabilities
  
5,549
5,453

Creditors: amounts falling due after more than one year
 16 
-
(1,202)

Net assets
  
5,549
4,251


Capital and reserves
  

Called up share capital 
 18 
1
1

Share premium account
 19 
3,038
33,778

Contra-equity reserve
 19 
(83)
-

Profit and loss account
 19 
2,593
(29,528)

Equity attributable to owners of the Parent Company
  
5,549
4,251


The financial statements were approved and authorised for issue by the board and were signed on its behalf by: 


T. Thirlwall
Director

Date: 3 June 2026

The notes on pages 17 to 33 form part of these financial statements.

Page 10

 
COPA90 LIMITED
REGISTERED NUMBER:05851891

COMPANY BALANCE SHEET
AS AT 31 DECEMBER 2025

2025
2024
Note
£000
£000

Fixed assets
  

Intangible assets
 11 
-
13

Tangible fixed assets
 12 
71
29

  
71
42

Current assets
  

Debtors: amounts falling due after more than one year
 14 
213
-

Debtors: amounts falling due within one year
 14 
5,008
6,291

Bank and cash balances
  
3,364
4,266

  
8,585
10,557

Creditors: amounts falling due within one year
 15 
(3,175)
(5,152)

Net current assets
  
 
 
5,410
 
 
5,405

Total assets less current liabilities
  
5,481
5,447

  

Creditors: amounts falling due after more than one year
 16 
-
(1,202)

  

Net assets
  
5,481
4,245


Capital and reserves
  

Called up share capital 
 18 
1
1

Share premium account
 19 
3,038
33,778

Contra-equity reserve
 19 
(83)
-

Profit and loss account
 19 
2,525
(29,534)

  
5,481
4,245


Page 11

 
COPA90 LIMITED
REGISTERED NUMBER:05851891
    
COMPANY BALANCE SHEET (CONTINUED)
AS AT 31 DECEMBER 2025

The Company has taken advantage of the exemption allowed under section 408 of the Companies Act 2006 and has not presented its own Statement of Comprehensive Income in these financial statements. The profit after tax of the Parent Company is £1,319 thousand (2024 - £1,929 thousand). 

The financial statements were approved and authorised for issue by the board and were signed on its behalf by: 

 

T. Thirlwall
Director

Date: 3 June 2026

The notes on pages 17 to 33 form part of these financial statements.

Page 12

 
COPA90 LIMITED
 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025


Called up share capital
Share premium account
Contra-equity reserve
Profit and loss account
Total equity

£000
£000
£000
£000
£000


At 1 January 2024
1
33,778
-
(31,463)
2,316



Profit for the year
-
-
-
1,935
1,935



At 1 January 2025
1
33,778
-
(29,528)
4,251



Profit for the year
-
-
-
1,381
1,381

Capital reduction (see note 18)
-
(30,740)
-
30,740
-

Own shares purchased (see note 19)
-
-
(83)
-
(83)


At 31 December 2025
1
3,038
(83)
2,593
5,549


Page 13

 
COPA90 LIMITED
 

COMPANY STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025


Called up share capital
Share premium account
Contra-equity reserve
Profit and loss account
Total equity

£000
£000
£000
£000
£000


At 1 January 2024
1
33,778
-
(31,463)
2,316



Profit for the year
-
-
-
1,929
1,929



At 1 January 2025
1
33,778
-
(29,534)
4,245



Profit for the year
-
-
-
1,319
1,319

Capital reduction (see note 18)
-
(30,740)
-
30,740
-

Own shares purchased (see note 19)
-
-
(83)
-
(83)


At 31 December 2025
1
3,038
(83)
2,525
5,481


Page 14

 
COPA90 LIMITED
 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025

2025
2024
£000
£000

Cash flows from operating activities

Profit for the financial year
1,381
1,935

Adjustments for:

Amortisation of intangible assets
13
14

Depreciation of tangible assets
30
32

Interest payable
107
200

Interest receivable
(46)
(40)

Taxation charge
2
(60)

Decrease/(increase) in debtors
1,428
(2,671)

(Decrease)/increase in creditors
(1,992)
3,077

Corporation tax (paid)/received
(1)
-

Net cash generated from operating activities

922
2,487


Cash flows from investing activities

Purchase of tangible fixed assets
(72)
(13)

Interest received
43
40

Loans issued
(210)
-

Net cash from investing activities

(239)
27

Cash flows from financing activities

Repayment of loans by cash
(1,202)
-

Interest paid
(107)
(200)

Own shares purchased
(83)
-

Net cash used in financing activities
(1,392)
(200)

Net (decrease)/increase in cash and cash equivalents
(709)
2,314

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year
4,289
1,975

Cash and cash equivalents at the end of year
3,580
4,289


Cash and cash equivalents at the end of year comprise:

Cash at bank and in hand
3,580
4,289


Page 15

 
COPA90 LIMITED
 

CONSOLIDATED ANALYSIS OF NET DEBT
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025




At 1 January 2025
Cash flows
At 31 December 2025
£000

£000

£000

Bank and cash balances

4,289

(709)

3,580

Debt due after 1 year

(1,202)

1,202

-


3,087
493
3,580

The notes on pages 17 to 33 form part of these financial statements.

Page 16

 
COPA90 LIMITED
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025

1.


General information

COPA90 Limited (the company) is a private company limited by shares and domiciled and incorporated in England and Wales.

The address of its registered office is 6th Floor, One London Wall, London, EC2Y 5EB.

The principal activity of the Group and Parent Company is creating and distributing premium football content which engages fans of both the men's and women's game and delivering media services by working in partnership with global brands.

2.Accounting policies

 
2.1

Basis of preparation of financial statements

The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention unless otherwise specified within these accounting policies and in accordance with Financial Reporting Standard 102, the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and the Republic of Ireland and the Companies Act 2006.

The preparation of financial statements in compliance with FRS 102 requires the use of certain critical accounting estimates. It also requires Group management to exercise judgement in applying the Group's accounting policies (see note 3).

The Company has taken advantage of the exemption allowed under section 408 of the Companies Act 2006 and has not presented its own Statement of Comprehensive Income in these financial statements.

Monetary amounts in these financial statements are stated in pounds sterling and are rounded to the nearest whole £1,000, except where otherwise stated. 

The following principal accounting policies have been applied:

 
2.2

Basis of consolidation

The consolidated financial statements present the results of the Company and its own subsidiaries ("the Group") as if they form a single entity. Intercompany transactions and balances between group companies are therefore eliminated in full.

The consolidated financial statements incorporate the results of business combinations using the purchase method. In the Balance Sheet, the acquiree's identifiable assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities are initially recognised at their fair values at the acquisition date. The results of acquired operations are included in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income from the date on which control is obtained. They are deconsolidated from the date control ceases.

Page 17

 
COPA90 LIMITED
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025

2.Accounting policies (continued)

 
2.3

Going concern

The directors have made a rigorous assessment of whether the Parent Company and Group are a going concern. All available information has been considered as part of this review which covered a period of more than 12 months from the date of approval of the accounts.

No material uncertainties relating to events or conditions that may cast doubt about the ability of the Parent Company and Group to continue as a going concern have been identified by the directors. The business is trading in line with its business plan. As such the financial statements do not include any adjustments which would be necessary if the going concern basis of preparation was inappropriate.

 
2.4

Foreign currency translation

Functional and presentation currency

The Group's functional and presentational currency is GBP.

Transactions and balances

Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using the spot exchange rates at the dates of the transactions.

At each period end foreign currency monetary items are translated using the closing rate. 

Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of transactions and from the translation at period-end exchange rates of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are recognised in profit or loss except when deferred in other comprehensive income as qualifying cash flow hedges.

On consolidation, the results of overseas operations are translated into Sterling at rates approximating to those ruling when the transactions took place. All assets and liabilities of overseas operations are translated at the rate ruling at the reporting date. Exchange differences arising on translating the opening net assets at opening rate and the results of overseas operations at actual rate are recognised in other comprehensive income.

Page 18

 
COPA90 LIMITED
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025

2.Accounting policies (continued)

 
2.5

Revenue

Revenue is recognised to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Group and the revenue can be reliably measured. Revenue is measured as the fair value of the consideration received or receivable, excluding discounts, rebates, value added tax and other sales taxes. The following criteria must also be met before revenue is recognised:

Rendering of services

Revenue from a contract to provide services is recognised in the period in which the services are provided in accordance with the stage of completion of the contract when all of the following conditions are satisfied:
the amount of revenue can be measured reliably;
it is probable that the Group will receive the consideration due under the contract;
the stage of completion of the contract at the end of the reporting period can be measured reliably; and
the costs incurred and the costs to complete the contract can be measured reliably.

Specifically, for projects which extend over more than one accounting period, turnover is recognised based on the stage of completion which is specific to each contract and linked to agreed milestones.

 
2.6

Operating leases: the Group as lessee

Rentals paid under operating leases are charged to the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

 
2.7

Interest income

Interest income is recognised in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income using the effective interest method.

 
2.8

Finance costs

Finance costs are charged to the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income over the term of the debt using the effective interest method so that the amount charged is at a constant rate on the carrying amount. Issue costs are initially recognised as a reduction in the proceeds of the   associated capital instrument.

 
2.9

 Pensions

Defined contribution pension plan

The Group operates a defined contribution plan for its employees. A defined contribution plan is a pension plan under which the Group pays fixed contributions into a separate entity. Once the contributions have been paid the Group has no further payment obligations.

The contributions are recognised as an expense in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income when they fall due. Amounts not paid are shown in accruals as a liability in the Balance Sheet. The assets of the plan are held separately from the Group in independently administered funds.

Page 19

 
COPA90 LIMITED
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025

2.Accounting policies (continued)

 
2.10

 Share based payments

Where share options are awarded to employees, the fair value of the options at the date of grant is charged to profit or loss over the vesting period.

 
2.11

 Taxation

Tax is recognised in profit or loss except that a charge attributable to an item of income and expense recognised as other comprehensive income or to an item recognised directly in equity is also recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity respectively.

The current income tax charge is calculated on the basis of tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date in the countries where the Company and the Group operate and generate income.

Deferred tax balances are recognised in respect of all timing differences that have originated but not reversed by the balance sheet date, except that:
The recognition of deferred tax assets is limited to the extent that it is probable that they will be recovered against the reversal of deferred tax liabilities or other future taxable profits; and
Any deferred tax balances are reversed if and when all conditions for retaining associated tax allowances have been met.

Deferred tax balances are not recognised in respect of permanent differences except in respect of business combinations, when deferred tax is recognised on the differences between the fair values of assets acquired and the future tax deductions available for them and the differences between the fair values of liabilities acquired and the amount that will be assessed for tax. Deferred tax is determined using tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date.


 
2.12

 Intangible assets

Intangible assets are initially recognised at cost. After recognition, under the cost model, intangible assets are measured at cost less any accumulated amortisation and any accumulated impairment losses.

All intangible assets are considered to have a finite useful life. If a reliable estimate of the useful life cannot be made, the useful life shall not exceed ten years.

 The estimated useful lives range as follows:

Brands
-
5
years
Websites
-
3
years

Amortisation is charged so as to allocate the cost of assets less their residual value over their estimated useful lives, using the straight-line method.

Page 20

 
COPA90 LIMITED
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025

2.Accounting policies (continued)

 
2.13

 Tangible fixed assets

Tangible fixed assets under the cost model are stated at historical cost less accumulated depreciation and any accumulated impairment losses. Historical cost includes expenditure that is directly attributable to bringing the asset to the location and condition necessary for it to be capable of operating in the manner intended by management.

Depreciation is charged so as to allocate the cost of assets less their residual value over their estimated useful lives, using the straight-line method.

The estimated useful lives range as follows:

Fixtures and fittings
-
    3       years
Equipment
-
    3       years

The assets' residual values, useful lives and depreciation methods are reviewed, and adjusted prospectively if appropriate, or if there is an indication of a significant change since the last reporting date.

Gains and losses on disposals are determined by comparing the proceeds with the carrying amount and are recognised in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income.

 
2.14

 Valuation of investments

Investments in subsidiaries are measured at cost less accumulated impairment.

 
2.15

 Cash and cash equivalents

Cash is represented by cash in hand and deposits with financial institutions repayable without penalty on notice of not more than 24 hours. 

In the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows, cash and cash equivalents are shown net of bank overdrafts that are repayable on demand and form an integral part of the Group's cash management.

Page 21

 
COPA90 LIMITED
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025

2.Accounting policies (continued)

 
2.16

 Financial instruments

Basic financial assets

Basic financial assets, which include trade and other debtors, cash and bank balances, are initially measured at their transaction price (adjusted for transaction costs except in the initial measurement of financial assets that are subsequently measured at fair value through profit and loss) and are subsequently carried at their amortised cost using the effective interest method, less any provision for impairment, unless the arrangement constitutes a financing transaction, where the transaction is measured at the present value of the future receipts discounted at a market rate of interest.

Discounting is omitted where the effect of discounting is immaterial. The Group's cash and cash equivalents, trade and most other debtors due with the operating cycle fall into this category of financial instruments.

Basic financial liabilities

Financial liabilities and equity instruments are classified according to the substance of the contractual arrangements entered into. An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of the Group after the deduction of all its liabilities.

Basic financial liabilities, which include trade and other creditors, bank loans, other loans and loans due to fellow group companies are initially measured at their transaction price (adjusting for transaction costs except in the initial measurement of financial liabilities that are subsequently measured at fair value through profit and loss). When this constitutes a financing transaction, whereby the debt instrument is measured at the present value of the future payments discounted at a market rate of interest, discounting is omitted where the effect of discounting is immaterial.

Debt instruments are subsequently carried at their amortised cost using the effective interest rate method.

Trade creditors are obligations to pay for goods and services that have been acquired in the ordinary course of business from suppliers. Trade creditors are classified as current liabilities if the payment is due within one year. If not, they represent non-current liabilities. Trade creditors are initially recognised at their transaction price and subsequently are measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method. Discounting is omitted where the effect of discounting is immaterial.

Other financial instruments

Derivatives, including forward exchange contracts, futures contracts and interest rate swaps, are not classified as basic financial instruments. These are initially recognised at fair value on the date the derivative contract is entered into, with costs being charged to the profit or loss. They are subsequently measured at fair value with changes in the profit or loss.

Debt instruments that do not meet the conditions as set out in FRS 102 paragraph 11.9 are subsequently measured at fair value through the profit or loss. This recognition and measurement would also apply to financial instruments where the performance is evaluated on a fair value basis as with a documented risk management or investment strategy.

Page 22

 
COPA90 LIMITED
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025

3.


Judgements in applying accounting policies and key sources of estimation uncertainty

Estimates and judgements are continually evaluated and are based on historical experience and other factors, including expectations of future events that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. 

Revenue recognition 

As described in the accounting policy for revenue recognition above, the directors assess that for every project ongoing at the year-end, turnover is recognised based on the stage of completion specific to that contract and in accordance with agreed milestones. As a result of this policy £560 thousand (2024 - £347 thousand) of accrued income was recognised and £990 thousand (2024 - £2,322 thousand) of deferred income.


4.


Turnover

The Group provides media services to global brands in the following geographical markets:


2025
2024
£000
£000

UK
5,795
7,155

Rest of world
16,207
13,897

22,002
21,052



5.


Operating profit

The operating profit is stated after charging:

2025
2024
£000
£000

Depreciation of tangible fixed assets
30
32

Amortisation of intangible assets
13
14

Fees payable to the auditor:



   Audit
25
25

Exchange differences
80
10

Other operating lease rentals
336
206

Page 23

 
COPA90 LIMITED
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025

6.


Employees

Staff costs, including directors' remuneration, were as follows:


Group
Group
Company
Company
2025
2024
2025
2024
£000
£000
£000
£000


Wages and salaries
6,293
5,650
5,799
5,591

Social security costs
791
669
732
662

Cost of defined contribution scheme
157
126
155
126

7,241
6,445
6,686
6,379


The average monthly number of employees, including the directors, during the year was as follows:



Group
Group
Company
Company
        2025
        2024
        2025
        2024
            No.
            No.
            No.
            No.









Business operations
62
50
59
50



Administration
9
9
8
9

71
59
67
59


7.


Directors' remuneration

2025
2024
£000
£000

Directors' emoluments
407
468

Cost of defined contribution scheme
8
-

415
468


During the year retirement benefits were accruing to one director (2024 - NIL) in respect of defined contribution pension schemes.

The highest paid director received remuneration of £327 thousand (2024 - £388 thousand).

The value of the Group's contributions paid to a defined contribution pension scheme in respect of the highest paid director amounted to £8 thousand (2024 - £Nil).

During the year, there were purchases of £60 thousand (£60 thousand) from an entity under the control of a director. This amount has been included within directors' remuneration above.

Page 24

 
COPA90 LIMITED
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025

8.


Interest receivable

2025
2024
£000
£000


Bank and finance income
46
40


9.


Interest payable and similar expenses

2025
2024
£000
£000


Bank interest payable
107
200

107
200


10.


Taxation


2025
2024
£000
£000


Foreign tax


Foreign tax on income for the year
2
1

Total current tax
2
1


Deferred tax asset recognised in respect of tax losses
-
(61)

Total deferred tax
-
(61)


Taxation on profit/(loss) on ordinary activities
2
(60)
Page 25

 
COPA90 LIMITED
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
 
10.Taxation (continued)


Factors affecting tax charge for the year

The tax assessed for the year is lower than (2024 - lower than) the standard rate of corporation tax in the UK of 25% (2024 -25%). The differences are explained below:

2025
2024
£000
£000


Profit on ordinary activities before tax
1,383
1,875


Profit on ordinary activities multiplied by standard rate of corporation tax in the UK of 25% (2024 - 25%)
345
469

Effects of:


Expenses not deductible for tax purposes
13
22

Movement in deferred tax
-
(61)

Effect of overseas tax charges
(14)
1

Brought forward tax losses
(342)
(491)

Total tax charge/(credit) for the year
2
(60)


Tax losses

At the balance sheet date, the Group had tax losses carried forward of £20,426 thousand (2024: £20,432 thousand). See the contingent asset note 21 on the recognition of a deferred tax asset.

Page 26

 
COPA90 LIMITED
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025

11.


Intangible assets

Group and Company





Brands
Website
Total

£000
£000
£000



Cost


At 1 January 2025
5,142
40
5,182



At 31 December 2025

5,142
40
5,182



Amortisation


At 1 January 2025
5,141
28
5,169


Charge for the year
1
12
13



At 31 December 2025

5,142
40
5,182



Net book value



At 31 December 2025
-
-
-



At 31 December 2024
1
12
13



Page 27

 
COPA90 LIMITED
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025

12.


Tangible fixed assets

Group and Company






Fixtures and fittings
Equipment
Total

£000
£000
£000



Cost or valuation


At 1 January 2025
6
124
130


Additions
-
72
72



At 31 December 2025

6
196
202



Depreciation


At 1 January 2025
6
95
101


Charge for the year
-
30
30



At 31 December 2025

6
125
131



Net book value



At 31 December 2025
-
71
71



At 31 December 2024
-
29
29

Page 28

 
COPA90 LIMITED
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025

13.

Fixed asset investments

The following were subsidiary undertakings of the Company:


Name
Registered office
Principal
activity
Holding

COPA90 Inc.
2711 Centerville Road, Suite 400, Wilmington, DE 19808, United States
Support services
100%

Copa90 MENA Ltd
DD-14-124-011, Floor 14, Al Khatem Tower, ADGM Square, Al Maryah 
Island, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
Support services
100%

Joga Bonito Studios Ltd
6th Floor, One London Wall, London, EC2Y 5EB
Dormant
100%

COPA90 Creators Ltd
6th Floor, One London Wall, London, EC2Y 5EB
Dormant
100%

Modern Fan Ltd
6th Floor, One London Wall, London, EC2Y 5EB
Dormant
100%

All subsidiaries listed above have been included within these consolidated financial statements.

14.


Debtors

Group
Group
Company
Company
2025
2024
2025
2024
£000
£000
£000
£000

Due after more than one year

Other debtors
213
-
213
-

213
-
213
-


Group
Group
Company
Company
2025
2024
2025
2024
£000
£000
£000
£000

Due within one year

Trade debtors
3,450
5,031
3,450
5,031

Amounts owed by group undertakings
-
-
164
18

Other debtors
192
192
192
192

Prepayments and accrued income
668
515
665
513

Deferred taxation
537
537
537
537

4,847
6,275
5,008
6,291


Page 29

 
COPA90 LIMITED
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025

15.


Creditors: Amounts falling due within one year

Group

Group
Company

Company
2025
2024
2025
2024
£000
£000
£000
£000


Trade creditors
485
484
485
484

Amounts owed to group undertakings
-
-
16
-

Corporation tax
2
1
-
-

Other taxation and social security
298
481
297
481

Other creditors
77
192
77
192

Accruals and deferred income
2,300
3,995
2,300
3,995

3,162
5,153
3,175
5,152



16.


Creditors: Amounts falling due after more than one year

Group
Group
Company
Company
2025
2024
2025
2024
£000
£000
£000
£000


Revolving credit facility
-
1,202
-
1,202


The parent company has a revolving credit facility with Vane Finance Technology Limited. This facility is secured and has a credit limit of £1.75m. The amount borrowed under the revolving credit facility agreement at the prior year-end was repaid during the year. The facility remains in place and was unutilised at the balance sheet date.

Page 30

 
COPA90 LIMITED
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025

17.


Deferred taxation


Group



2025


£000






At beginning of year
537



At end of year
537

Company


2025


£000






At beginning of year
537



At end of year
537

Group
Group
Company
Company
2025
2024
2025
2024
£000
£000
£000
£000

Tax losses carried forward
537
537
537
537

537
537
537
537

Page 31

 
COPA90 LIMITED
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025

18.


Share capital

2025
2024
£
£
Allotted, called up and fully paid



1,725 (2024 -1,778) C1 preferred shares of £0.00050 each
1
1
1,896,079 (2024 -1,896,079) C2 preferred shares of £0.00050 each
948
948
22,760 (2024 -22,760) A Ord shares of £0.00025 each
6
6
14,178 (2024 -14,178) B Ord shares of £0.00050 each
7
7
42,672 (2024 -42,619) Ordinary shares of £0.00050 each
21
21
2,643 (2024 -2,643) Deferred shares of £0.00050 each
1
1

984

984

Share class rights
Fixed income: none
General meeting voting rights: C1 preferred, C2 preferred, A Ord, B Ord, and Ordinary shares
Dividends: Priority dividend rights are held by C1 preferred and C2 preferred shares
Return of capital: Priority held by C1 preferred and C2 preferred shares

Redesignation
During the year 53 Series C1 shares were  re-designated as 53 Ordinary shares.

Capital reduction
On 21 November 2025, the Company completed a reduction of its capital in accordance with the provisions of the Companies Act 2006. 

The capital reduction was effected by a reduction of the share premium account, resulting in a decrease in share premium of £30,740,291.

The purpose of the capital reduction was to create distributable reserves.



19.


Reserves

Profit and loss account

The cumulative profit and loss, net of distribution to owners. 

Share premium account

The premium on issue of equity shares, net of any issue costs. 

Contra-equity reserve

This reserve represents shares previously issued by the Company that have been reacquired but not cancelled. 

Page 32

 
COPA90 LIMITED
 
 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025

20.


Share-based payments

The company operated two share-based payment plans for the benefit of certain employees, for the primary purpose of providing incentives to the selected employees.

EMI share option plan 2021 - This share plan grants options over D preferred shares which are exercisable in the event of an exit. At the balance sheet date there were 2,528 options outstanding (2024 - 2,440) at a weighted average share price of £0.0444 (2024 - £0.0318).
Legacy share option scheme - Prior to 2021 this share option scheme granted options over B Ordinary shares. At the balance sheet date there were 2,345 options outstanding (2024 - 2,537).
 
No expense relating to the share-based payments has been recognised in the accounts because the Directors have determined that the fair value of such awards was not considered material.


21.


Contingent assets

Unrelieved tax losses have been recognised as a deferred tax asset only to the extent that it is probable that they will be recovered against future taxable profits. Therefore, based on forecasts for the next 12 months, future taxable profits of £2,147 thousand (2024 - £2,147 thousand) have been recognised as a deferred tax asset at the prevailing tax rate. A residual balance of unrelieved tax losses of £18,279 thousand (2024 - £18,285 thousand) have not been recognised on the basis of the uncertainty of taxable profits beyond this period.


22.


Commitments under operating leases

At 31 December 2025 the Group and the Company had future minimum lease payments due under non-cancellable operating leases for each of the following periods:


Group
Group
Company
Company
2025
2024
2025
2024
£000
£000
£000
£000

Not later than 1 year
403
213
403
213

Later than 1 year and not later than 5 years
835
-
835
-

1,238
213
1,238
213


23.


Related party transactions

The total remuneration of key management personnel, excluding directors' remuneration, is £1,283 thousand (2024 - £1,436 thousand). The key management personnel, excluding directors, are considered to be the senior management team. 

At the balance sheet date unsecured loans to directors were £213 thousand (
2024: £Nil) including interest at the HMRC official rate. The maximum amount outstanding during the year was £213 thousand (2024: £Nil).

During the period, there were purchases of £60 thousand 
(2024 - £60 thousand) from an entity under the control of a director with £12 thousand (2024 - £12 thousand) owed to this entity at the balance sheet date. This amount is held within trade creditors. 

Page 33