The company has chosen to adopt Sections 11 and 12 of FRS 102 in respect of financial instruments
i. Financial assets
Basic financial assets, including other debtors and cash and bank balances, are initially recognised at transaction price, unless the arrangement constitutes a financing transaction, where the transaction is measured at the present value of the future receipts discounted at a market rate of interest.
Such assets are subsequently carried at amortised cost using the effective interest method. At the end of each reporting period financial assets measured at amortised cost are assessed for objective evidence of impairment. If an asset is impaired the impairment loss is the difference between the carrying amount and the present value of the estimated cash flows discounted at the asset's original effective interest rate. The impairment loss is recognised in the Statement of Comprehensive Income.
If there is a decrease in the impairment loss arising from an event occurring after the impairment was recognised the impairment is reversed. The reversal is such that the current carrying amount does not exceed what the carrying amount would have been had the impairment not previously been recognised. The impairment is recognised in the Statement of Comprehensive Income.
Financial assets are derecognised when (a) the contractual rights to the cash flows from the asset expire or are settled, or (b) substantially all the risks and rewards of the ownership of the asset are transferred to another party, or (c) control of the asset has been transferred to another party who has the practical ability to unilaterally sell the asset to an unrelated third party without imposing additional restrictions.
ii. Financial liabilities
Basic financial liabilities, including trade creditors, are initially recognised at transaction price, unless the arrangement constitutes a financing transaction price, where the debt instrument is measured at the present value of the future payments discounted at a market rate of interest.
Trade creditors are obligations to pay for goods or services that have been acquired in the ordinary course of business from suppliers, Trade creditors are classified as Creditors: amounts falling due within one year if payment is due within one year or less. If not, they are presented as Creditors: amounts falling due after more than one year. Trade creditors are recognised initially at transaction price and subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method. Financial liabilities are derecognised when the liability is extinguished, that is when the contractual obligation is discharged, cancelled or expires.
iii. Offsetting
Financial assets and liabilities are offset and the net amounts presented in the financial statements when there is a legally enforceable right to set off the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis or to realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.