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Financial Statements
Cordovan Acquisitions II Limited
For the period ended 31 December 2025
Registered number: NI725578
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Cordovan Acquisitions II Limited
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Company Information
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John Fitzgerald (appointed 26 February 2025)
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Thomas David Stephen McClelland (appointed 20 January 2025)
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Chartered Accountants & Statutory Auditors
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12 - 15 Donegall Square West
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Cordovan Acquisitions II Limited
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Contents
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Independent auditor's report
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Consolidated statement of comprehensive income
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Consolidated balance sheet
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Consolidated statement of changes in equity
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Company statement of changes in equity
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Consolidated statement of cash flows
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Consolidated analysis of net debt
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Notes to the financial statements
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Cordovan Acquisitions II Limited
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Group strategic report
For the period ended 31 December 2025
The directors present their Strategic report for the period ended 31 December 2025.
The Company was incorporated on 20 January 2025 and as such these financial statements cover the Company's first reporting period, from incorporation to 31 December 2025.
The principal activity of the Company during the period was that of an investment holding entity. The principal activity of the Group is the manufacture of industrial paper sacks primarily used in the food and animal industries, and is conducted through subsidiary entity.
On 26 February 2025, the Company completed the acquisition of CB Paper Sacks Ltd. (formerly, MM Bangor Ltd.). This represents a key milestone in the Group’s establishment and the execution of its investment strategy.
During the period, the Group focused on integrating the acquired business and advancing its operational and strategic objectives. Particular emphasis was placed on establishing effective governance, strengthening operational processes, defining a scalable growth strategy and ensuring continuity of supply to customers.
Principal risks and uncertainties
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The Group operates in a competitive market within the UK and Ireland. Competitive pressures may result in reduced sales or margin compression.
The Group mitigates this risk by delivering value-added services, maintaining responsive customer service, and fostering strong relationships with customers and suppliers.
The Group is also exposed to supply chain risks, particularly in light of ongoing geopolitical uncertainty. To address this, procedures have been implemented to strengthen supplier relationships and improve supply chain resilience.
Price, Foreign Exchange and Liquidity Risk
The Group is exposed to commodity price risk, particularly in relation to paper and polyethylene. Given the size of the Group, the cost of implementing formal hedging strategies is considered to outweigh the potential benefits. Price fluctuations are therefore managed operationally where possible.
Foreign exchange risk arises due to transactions in both GBP and EUR. This exposure is mitigated through natural hedging, as the Group both purchases and sells in these currencies.
Liquidity risk is managed through careful monitoring of cash flows and maintaining appropriate levels of working capital.
Financial key performance indicators
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As this is the Group’s first reporting period, the directors consider that detailed financial key performance indicators are limited.
Performance is monitored primarily through:
• Adjusted EBITDA;
• Cash flows and funding requirements; and
• Costs incurred relative to budget.
Page 1
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Cordovan Acquisitions II Limited
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Group strategic report (continued)
For the period ended 31 December 2025
Other key performance indicators
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The directors also monitor non-financial performance indicators, including:
• Progress in integrating the acquired business;
• Development and implementation of new operational processes; and
• Health and safety
This report was approved by the board on 11 June 2026 and signed on its behalf.
Page 2
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Cordovan Acquisitions II Limited
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Directors' report
For the period ended 31 December 2025
The directors present their report and the financial statements for the period ended 31 December 2025.
The Company was incorporated on 20 January 2025 and as such these financial statements cover the Company's first reporting period, from incorporation to 31 December 2025.
Directors' responsibilities statement
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The directors are responsible for preparing the Group strategic report, the Directors' report and the consolidated financial statements in accordance with applicable law and regulations.
Company law requires the directors to prepare financial statements for each financial year. Under that law the directors have elected to prepare the financial statements in accordance with applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice), including Financial Reporting Standard 102 ‘The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland'. Under company law the directors must not approve the financial statements unless they are satisfied that they give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the Company and the Group and of the profit or loss of the Group for that period.
In preparing these financial statements, the directors are required to:
∙select suitable accounting policies for the Group's financial statements and then apply them consistently;
∙make judgements and accounting estimates that are reasonable and prudent;
∙state whether applicable UK Accounting Standards have been followed, subject to any material departures disclosed and explained in the financial statements;
∙prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that the Group will continue in business.
The directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that are sufficient to show and explain the Company's transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the Company and the Group and to enable them to ensure that the financial statements comply with the Companies Act 2006. They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the Company and the Group and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities.
The loss for the period, after taxation, amounted to £163,460. EBITDA for the period was £1,076,306.
The directors do not recommend the payment of a dividend.
The directors who served during the period were:
John Fitzgerald (appointed 26 February 2025)
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Thomas David Stephen McClelland (appointed 20 January 2025)
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The Directors are not aware of any likely changes in the Company and Group's activities in the next year.
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Cordovan Acquisitions II Limited
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Directors' report (continued)
For the period ended 31 December 2025
Matters covered in the Group strategic report
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Under Schedule 7.1A of 'Large and Medium-Sized Companies and Groups (Accounting and Reporting) Regulations 2008', the Company and Group has elected to disclose the following directors' report information in the Strategic Report:
∙Principal activity and business review;
∙Principal risks and uncertainties; and
∙Financial key performance indicators.
Disclosure of information to auditor
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Each of the persons who are directors at the time when this Directors' report is approved has confirmed that:
∙so far as the director is aware, there is no relevant audit information of which the Company and the Group's auditor is unaware, and
∙the director has taken all the steps that ought to have been taken as a director in order to be aware of any relevant audit information and to establish that the Company and the Group's auditor is aware of that information.
Post balance sheet events
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There have been no significant events affecting the Group since the period end.
The auditor, Grant Thornton (NI) LLP, will be proposed for reappointment in accordance with section 485 of the Companies Act 2006.
This report was approved by the board on 11 June 2026 and signed on its behalf.
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Independent auditor's report to the members of Cordovan Acquisitions II Limited
We have audited the financial statements of Cordovan Acquisitions II Limited (the 'parent Company') and its subsidiaries (the 'Group'), which comprise the Consolidated Statement of comprehensive income, the Consolidated and Company Balance sheets, the Consolidated Statement of cash flows, the Consolidated and Company Statement of changes in equity for the financial period ended 31 December 2025, and the related notes to the financial statements, including a summary of significant accounting policies.
The financial reporting framework that has been applied in their preparation is applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards, including Financial Reporting Standard 102 ‘The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland' (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice).
In our opinion, Cordovan Acquisitions II Limited's financial statements:
∙give a true and fair view in accordance with United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice of the assets, liabilities and financial position of the Group's and the Company as at 31 December 2025 and of the Group financial performance and cash flows for the financial period then ended; and
∙have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006.
We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) ('ISAs (UK)') and applicable law. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the 'Responsibilities of the auditor for the audit of the financial statements' section of our report. We are independent of the Group and Company in accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in the United Kingdom, namely the FRC's Ethical Standard and the ethical pronouncements established by Chartered Accountants Ireland, applied as determined to be appropriate in the circumstances of the entity. We have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.
Conclusions relating to going concern
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In auditing the financial statements, we have concluded that the directors' use of the going concern basis of accounting in the preparation of the financial statements is appropriate.
Based on the work we have performed, we have not identified any material uncertainties relating to events or conditions that, individually or collectively, may cast significant doubt on the Group's or the parent Company's ability to continue as a going concern for a period of at least twelve months from the date when the financial statements are authorised for issue.
Our responsibilities, and the responsibilities of the directors, with respect to going concern are described in the relevant sections of this report.
The Company was incorporated on 28 January 2025. This is the first year in which Grant Thornton (NI) LLP were appointed as external auditors for these financial statements for the period ended 31 December 2025.
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Independent auditor's report to the members of Cordovan Acquisitions II Limited (continued)
Other information comprises the information included in the Annual Report, other than the financial statements and our Auditor's report thereon, including the Directors' report and the Strategic Report. The directors are responsible for the other information. Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the information and, except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in our report, we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon.
In connection with our audit of the financial statements, our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the audit, or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If we identify such material inconsistencies in the financial statements, we are required to determine whether there is a material misstatement in the financial statements or a material misstatement of the other information. If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact.
We have nothing to report in this regard.
Opinions on other matters prescribed by the Companies Act 2006
In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of the audit:
∙the information given in the Directors' report and the Strategic Report for the financial period for which the financial statements are prepared is consistent with the financial statements, and
∙the Directors' report and the Strategic Report have been prepared in accordance with applicable legal requirements.
Matters on which we are required to report by exception
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In the light of the knowledge and understanding of the company and its environment we have obtained in the course of the audit, we have not identified material misstatements in the Directors' report and the Strategic Report.
We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters in relation to which the Companies Act 2006 requires us to report to you if, in our opinion:
∙adequate accounting records have not been kept by the parent Company, or returns adequate for our audit have not been received from branches not visited by us; or
∙the parent Company financial statements are not in agreement with the accounting records and returns; or
∙certain disclosures of directors' remuneration specified by law are not made; or
∙we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit.
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Independent auditor's report to the members of Cordovan Acquisitions II Limited (continued)
Responsibilities of management and those charged with governance for the financial statements
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Management is responsible for the preparation of the financial statements which give a true and fair view in accordance with United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice, including FRS102 and for such internal control as the directors determine is necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.
In preparing the financial statements, management is responsible for assessing the Group and Company's ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless management either intend to liquidate the Group and Company or to cease operations, or has no realistic alternative but to do so.
Those charged with governance are responsible for overseeing the Group and Company's financial reporting process.
Responsibilities of the auditor for the audit of the financial statements
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The objectives of an auditor are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an Auditor's report that includes their opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements.
A further description of an auditor's responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements is located on the Financial Reporting Council's website at www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities. This description forms part of our auditor's report.
Explanation as to what extent the audit was considered capable of detecting irregularities, including fraud
Irregularities, including fraud, are instances of non-compliance with laws and regulations. We design procedures in line with our responsibilities, outlined above, to detect material misstatements in respect of irregularities, including fraud. Owing to the inherent limitations of an audit, there is an unavoidable risk that material misstatement in the financial statements may not be detected, even though the audit is properly planned and performed in accordance with ISAs (UK).
The extent to which our procedures are capable of detecting irregularities, including fraud, is detailed below:
Based on our understanding of the Group and Company and industry, we identified that the principal risks of non-compliance with laws and regulations related to Data Privacy Law, Employment Law, Environmental Regulations, and Health and Safety Laws, and we considered the extent to which non-compliance might have a material effect on the financial statements. We also considered those laws and regulations that have a direct impact on the preparation of the financial statements such as Companies Act 2006 and UK tax legislation. The Audit engagement partner considered the experience and expertise of the engagement team to ensure that the team had appropriate competence and capabilities to identify or recognise non-compliance with the laws and regulation. We evaluated management’s incentives and opportunities for fraudulent manipulation of the financial statements (including the risk of override of controls), and determined that the principal risks were related to posting inappropriate journal entries to manipulate financial performance and management bias through judgements and assumptions in significant accounting estimates, in particular in relation to significant
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Independent auditor's report to the members of Cordovan Acquisitions II Limited (continued)
one-off or unusual transactions.
We apply professional scepticism throughout the audit to consider potential deliberate omission or concealment of significant transactions, or incomplete/inaccurate disclosures in the financial statements.
The extent to which our procedures are capable of detecting irregularities, including fraud, is detailed below:
∙enquiries of management on the policies and procedures in place regarding compliance with laws and regulations, including consideration of known or suspected instances of non-compliance and whether they have knowledge of any actual, suspected or alleged fraud;
∙inspection of the Group and Company's regulatory and legal correspondence and review of minutes of of the board of director’s meetings during the year to corroborate inquiries made;
∙gaining an understanding of the entity’s current activities, the scope of authorisation and the effectiveness of its control environment to mitigate risks related to fraud;
∙discussion amongst the engagement team in relation to the identified laws and regulations and regarding the risk of fraud, and remaining alert to any indications of non-compliance or opportunities for fraudulent manipulation of financial statements throughout the audit;
∙identifying and testing journal entries to address the risk of inappropriate journals and management override of controls;
∙designing audit procedures to incorporate unpredictability around the nature, timing or extent of our testing;
∙challenging assumptions and judgements made by management in their significant accounting estimates, including estimating the useful lives of tangible fixed assets and allowance for the impairment of debtors and stock; and
∙review of the financial statement disclosures to underlying supporting documentation and inquiries of management.
The primary responsibility for the prevention and detection of irregularities including fraud rests with those charged with governance and management. As with any audit, there remains a risk of non-detection or irregularities, as these may involve collusion, forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations or override of internal controls.
The purpose of our audit work and to whom we owe our responsibilities
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This report is made solely to the Company’s members, as a body, in accordance with chapter 3 of Part 16 of the Companies Act 2006. Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the company’s members those matters we are required to state to them in an auditor’s report and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other than the company and the company’s members as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we have formed.
Nikita Lynn FCA (Senior statutory auditor)
for and on behalf of
Grant Thornton (NI) LLP
Chartered Accountants
Statutory Auditors
Belfast
11 June 2026
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Cordovan Acquisitions II Limited
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Consolidated statement of comprehensive income
For the period ended 31 December 2025
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For the period ended
31 December
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Interest receivable and similar income
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Interest payable and similar expenses
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Loss for the financial period
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Loss for the period attributable to:
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Owners of the Parent Company
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All amounts relate to continuing operations.
There was no other comprehensive income for 2025.
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The notes on pages 16 to 38 form part of these financial statements.
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Cordovan Acquisitions II Limited
Registered number:NI725578
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Consolidated balance sheet
As at 31 December 2025
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Debtors: amounts falling due within one year
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Creditors: amounts falling due within one year
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Total assets less current liabilities
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Creditors: amounts falling due after more than one year
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Provisions for liabilities
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The financial statements were approved and authorised for issue by the board and were signed on its behalf on 11 June 2026.
The notes on pages 16 to 38 form part of these financial statements.
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Cordovan Acquisitions II Limited
Registered number:NI725578
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Company balance sheet
As at 31 December 2025
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Debtors: amounts falling due within one year
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Creditors: amounts falling due within one year
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Total assets less current liabilities
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Creditors: amounts falling due after more than one year
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Profit and loss account carried forward
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The financial statements were approved and authorised for issue by the board and were signed on its behalf on 11 June 2026.
The notes on pages 16 to 38 form part of these financial statements.
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Cordovan Acquisitions II Limited
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Consolidated statement of changes in equity
For the period ended 31 December 2025
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Equity attributable to owners of Parent Company
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Shares issued during the period
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The notes on pages 16 to 38 form part of these financial statements.
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Cordovan Acquisitions II Limited
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Company statement of changes in equity
For the period ended 31 December 2025
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Shares issued during the period
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Cordovan Acquisitions II Limited
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Consolidated statement of cash flows
For the period ended 31 December 2025
Cash flows from operating activities
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Loss for the financial period
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Amortisation of intangible assets
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Depreciation of tangible assets
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Gain on disposal of tangible assets
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Net cash generated from operating activities
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Cash flows from investing activities
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Purchase of tangible fixed assets
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Receipts from sales of tangible assets
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Net cash received from acquisition of subsidiary
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Net cash used in investing activities
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Cash flows from financing activities
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Issuance of ordinary shares
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Repayment of finance leases
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Net cash used in financing activities
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Net increase in cash and cash equivalents
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Cash and cash equivalents at the end of period
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Cash and cash equivalents at the end of period comprise:
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The notes on pages 16 to 38 form part of these financial statements.
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Cordovan Acquisitions II Limited
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Consolidated analysis of net debt
For the period ended 31 December 2025
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Acquisition of subsidiaries
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The notes on pages 16 to 38 form part of these financial statements.
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Page 15
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Cordovan Acquisitions II Limited
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Notes to the financial statements
For the period ended 31 December 2025
The Company is a private company limited by shares, registered in England and Wales. The address of the registered office is Suite 204, The Kelvin, 17 College Square East, College Square East, Belfast, Northern Ireland, BT1 6DE.
The Company was incorporated on 20 January 2025 and as such these financial statements cover the Company's first reporting period, from incorporation to 31 December 2025.
2.Accounting policies
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Basis of preparation of financial statements
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The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention unless otherwise specified within these accounting policies and in accordance with Financial Reporting Standard 102, the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and the Republic of Ireland and the Companies Act 2006.
The preparation of financial statements in compliance with FRS 102 requires the use of certain critical accounting estimates. It also requires Group management to exercise judgement in applying the Group's accounting policies (see note 3).
The Company has taken advantage of the exemption allowed under section 408 of the Companies Act 2006 and has not presented its own Statement of comprehensive income in these financial statements.
The following principal accounting policies have been applied:
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Early adoption of lease and revenue requirements
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The Group has early adopted the amendments to FRS 102 The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland arising from the Periodic Review 2024, which are otherwise effective for accounting periods beginning on or after 1 January 2026. These amendments have been applied in full and consistently, as required by FRS 102.
The amendments early adopted relate principally to:
∙Section 20 Leases, which introduces a single on balance sheet lease accounting model for lessees; and
∙Section 23 Revenue from Contracts with Customers, which introduces a new five step revenue recognition model.
Leases (Section 20)
Under the revised lease accounting requirements, the Group recognises a right of use asset and a corresponding lease liability for most lease arrangements at the commencement date. The lease liability is measured at the present value of future lease payments, discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease or, where this cannot be readily determined, the Group incremental borrowing rate. The right of use asset is initially measured at an amount equal to the lease liability, adjusted for any lease payments made at or before commencement.
The Group has applied the permitted recognition exemptions for short term leases and leases of low value assets, with payments in respect of these leases recognised as an expense on a straight line basis over the lease term.
The revised lease accounting requirements have been applied prospectively from the date of initial application, with no restatement of comparative information, in accordance with FRS 102.
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Cordovan Acquisitions II Limited
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Notes to the financial statements
For the period ended 31 December 2025
2.Accounting policies (continued)
Revenue (Section 23)
Under the revised revenue recognition requirements, revenue is recognised when (or as) the Group satisfies a performance obligation by transferring control of a promised good or service to a customer. The amount recognised reflects the consideration to which the Group expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services.
The Group applies the five step model set out in Section 23 to:
1. Identify the contract with a customer
2.Identify the performance obligations in the contract
3.Determine the transaction price
4.Allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations
5.Recognise revenue when (or as) performance obligations are satisfied
The revised revenue requirements have been applied in accordance with the transition provisions of FRS 102.
The consolidated financial statements incorporate the financial statements of the Company and entities controlled by the Group (its subsidiary). Control is achieved where the Group has the power to govern the financial and operating policies of an entity so as to obtain benefits from its activities. Accounting policies consistent with those of the parent are used and all intra-group transactions, balances, income and expenses are eliminated in full on consolidation.
The results of acquired operations are included in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income from the date on which control is obtained. They are deconsolidated from the date control ceases.
After reviewing the Group’s forecasts and projections, which cover the 12-month period from the date of signing the financial statements, the directors have a reasonable expectation that the Group and Company have adequate resources to continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future. These forecasts and projections have considered a downside scenario in sales levels; however, management have also identified mitigating actions that could be taken to ensure that the Group has sufficient funds to meet liabilities as they fall due over the next 12 months.
The parent company is a holding company of the subsidiary and operates as a financing vehicle. Whilst the parent company is generating a loss arising from the interest accruing on the related party debt, the operating subsidiary provides the necessary cash in order to support the liabilities of the parent company as they fall due
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Cordovan Acquisitions II Limited
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Notes to the financial statements
For the period ended 31 December 2025
2.Accounting policies (continued)
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Foreign currency translation
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Functional and presentation currency
The Company's functional and presentational currency is GBP.
Transactions and balances
Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using the spot exchange rates at the dates of the transactions.
At each period end foreign currency monetary items are translated using the closing rate. Non-monetary items measured at historical cost are translated using the exchange rate at the date of the transaction and non-monetary items measured at fair value are measured using the exchange rate when fair value was determined.
Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of transactions and from the translation at period-end exchange rates of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are recognised in profit or loss except when deferred in other comprehensive income as qualifying cash flow hedges.
Foreign exchange gains and losses that relate to borrowings and cash and cash equivalents are presented in the Consolidated statement of comprehensive income within 'finance income or costs'. All other foreign exchange gains and losses are presented in profit or loss within 'other operating income'.
On consolidation, the results of overseas operations are translated into Sterling at rates approximating to those ruling when the transactions took place. All assets and liabilities of overseas operations are translated at the rate ruling at the reporting date. Exchange differences arising on translating the opening net assets at opening rate and the results of overseas operations at actual rate are recognised in other comprehensive income.
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Cordovan Acquisitions II Limited
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Notes to the financial statements
For the period ended 31 December 2025
2.Accounting policies (continued)
Revenue is recognised to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Group and the revenue can be reliably measured. Revenue is measured as the fair value of the consideration received or receivable, excluding discounts, rebates, value added tax and other sales taxes. The following criteria must also be met before revenue is recognised:
The Group does not expect to have any contracts where the period between the transfer of the promised goods or services to the customer and payment by the customer exceeds one year. As a consequence, the Group does not adjust any of the transaction prices for the time value of money.
The Group has contracts where the period between the transfer of the promised goods or services to the customer and payment by the customer exceeds one year. As a consequence, the Group adjusts the transaction prices of these contracts for the time value of money.
Sale of goods
Revenue from the sale of goods is recognised on the satisfaction of performance obligations, such as the transfer of a promised good, identified in the contract between the Group and the customer.
A receivable is recognised when the goods are delivered as this is the point in time that the consideration is unconditional because only the passage of time is required before the payment is due.
Interest income is recognised in profit or loss using the effective interest method.
Finance costs are charged to profit or loss over the term of the debt using the effective interest method so that the amount charged is at a constant rate on the carrying amount. Issue costs are initially recognised as a reduction in the proceeds of the associated capital instrument.
All borrowing costs are recognised in profit or loss in the period in which they are incurred.
Defined contribution pension plan
The Group operates a defined contribution plan for its employees. A defined contribution plan is a pension plan under which the Group pays fixed contributions into a separate entity. Once the contributions have been paid the Group has no further payment obligations.
The contributions are recognised as an expense in profit or loss when they fall due. Amounts not paid are shown in accruals as a liability in the Balance sheet. The assets of the plan are held separately from the Group in independently administered funds.
Page 19
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Cordovan Acquisitions II Limited
|
Notes to the financial statements
For the period ended 31 December 2025
2.Accounting policies (continued)
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Current and deferred taxation
|
The tax expense for the period comprises current and deferred tax. Tax is recognised in profit or loss except that a charge attributable to an item of income and expense recognised as other comprehensive income or to an item recognised directly in equity is also recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity respectively.
The current income tax charge is calculated on the basis of tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date in the countries where the Company and the Group operate and generate income.
Deferred tax balances are recognised in respect of all timing differences that have originated but not reversed by the balance sheet date, except that:
∙The recognition of deferred tax assets is limited to the extent that it is probable that they will be recovered against the reversal of deferred tax liabilities or other future taxable profits;
∙Any deferred tax balances are reversed if and when all conditions for retaining associated tax allowances have been met; and
∙Where they relate to timing differences in respect of interests in subsidiaries, associates, branches and joint ventures and the Group can control the reversal of the timing differences and such reversal is not considered probable in the foreseeable future.
Deferred tax balances are not recognised in respect of permanent differences except in respect of business combinations, when deferred tax is recognised on the differences between the fair values of assets acquired and the future tax deductions available for them and the differences between the fair values of liabilities acquired and the amount that will be assessed for tax. Deferred tax is determined using tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date.
Goodwill
Goodwill represents the difference between amounts paid on the cost of a business combination and the acquirer’s interest in the fair value of its identifiable assets and liabilities of the acquiree at the date of acquisition. Subsequent to initial recognition, goodwill is measured at cost less accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses. Goodwill is amortised on a straight-line basis to the Statement of comprehensive income over its useful economic life.
Tangible fixed assets under the cost model are stated at historical cost less accumulated depreciation and any accumulated impairment losses. Historical cost includes expenditure that is directly attributable to bringing the asset to the location and condition necessary for it to be capable of operating in the manner intended by management.
Page 20
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Cordovan Acquisitions II Limited
|
Notes to the financial statements
For the period ended 31 December 2025
2.Accounting policies (continued)
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Tangible fixed assets (continued)
|
Depreciation is charged so as to allocate the cost of assets less their residual value over their estimated useful lives, using the straight-line method.
Depreciation is provided on the following basis:
The assets' residual values, useful lives and depreciation methods are reviewed, and adjusted prospectively if appropriate, or if there is an indication of a significant change since the last reporting date.
Gains and losses on disposals are determined by comparing the proceeds with the carrying amount and are recognised in profit or loss.
Investments in subsidiaries are measured at cost less accumulated impairment.
Stocks are stated at the lower of cost and net realisable value, being the estimated selling price less costs to complete and sell. Cost is based on the cost of purchase on a first in, first out basis. Work in progress and finished goods include labour and attributable overheads.
At each balance sheet date, stocks are assessed for impairment. If stock is impaired, the carrying amount is reduced to its selling price less costs to complete and sell. The impairment loss is recognised immediately in profit or loss.
Short-term debtors are measured at transaction price, less any impairment. Loans receivable are measured initially at fair value, net of transaction costs, and are measured subsequently at amortised cost using the effective interest method, less any impairment.
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Cash and cash equivalents
|
Cash is represented by cash in hand and deposits with financial institutions repayable without penalty on notice of not more than 24 hours. Cash equivalents are highly liquid investments that mature in no more than three months from the date of acquisition and that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash with insignificant risk of change in value.
In the Consolidated statement of cash flows, cash and cash equivalents are shown net of bank overdrafts that are repayable on demand and form an integral part of the Group's cash management.
Short-term creditors are measured at the transaction price. Other financial liabilities, including bank loans, are measured initially at fair value, net of transaction costs, and are measured subsequently at amortised cost using the effective interest method.
Page 21
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Cordovan Acquisitions II Limited
|
Notes to the financial statements
For the period ended 31 December 2025
2.Accounting policies (continued)
Right -of-use assets
At the commencement date of the lease, the Group recognises a right-of-use asset which is measured at cost. The cost of the right-of-use asset comprises:
∙the amount of the initial measurement of the lease liability.
∙lease payments made at or before the commencement date, less any lease incentives received
∙initial direct costs incurred, and
∙amounts recognised in provisions at the commencement date as an estimate of costs to be incurred
for restoring the underlying asset to the condition required under the terms of the lease.
Right-of-use assets are depreciated on a straight-line basis over the shorter of the lease term and the
estimated useful lives. When impairment indicators exist, the right-of-use asset is assessed for impairment. For leases where it is highly probable that the purchase option will be exercised and ownership of the underlying asset transferred to the lessee by the end of the lease term, the entity depreciates the right-ofuse asset from the commencement date to the end of the useful life of the underlying asset. Right-of-use assets are presented within the tangible fixed assets line in the balance sheet.
Lease liabilities
At the commencement date, the Group measures the lease liability at the present value of the lease payments that are not paid at that date. The lease payments are discounted using the obtainable borrowing rate as the interest rate implicit in the lease cannot be readily determined. The obtainable borrowing rate is the rate of interest the Group would have to pay to borrow, over a similar term, an amount similar to the total undiscounted value of the lease payments included in the measurement of
the lease liability.
The lease payments include:
∙fixed payments (including in-substance fixed payments) less any lease incentives receivable, and
∙the exercise price of a purchase option reasonably certain to be exercised by the Group.
The variable payments that are based on a percentage of revenue earned are not considered in calculating the lease liability balance and are recognised in profit or loss when incurred.
In addition, the lease liability is remeasured if there is a change in the lease payments, a change in the lease term, a change in the assessment of an option to purchase the underlying asset or a modification (that is not accounted for as a separate lease).
The lease liability is presented within creditors in the balance sheet.
Page 22
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Cordovan Acquisitions II Limited
|
Notes to the financial statements
For the period ended 31 December 2025
2.Accounting policies (continued)
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Provisions for liabilities
|
Provisions are recognised when an event has taken place that gives rise to a legal or constructive obligation, a transfer of economic benefits is probable and a reliable estimate can be made.
Provisions are measured as the best estimate of the amount required to settle the obligation, taking into account the related risks and uncertainties.
Increases in provisions are generally charged as an expense to profit or loss.
The Group only enters into basic financial instrument transactions that result in the recognition of financial assets and liabilities like trade and other debtors and creditors, loans from banks and other third parties, loans to related parties and investments in ordinary shares.
Debt instruments (other than those wholly repayable or receivable within one year), including loans and other accounts receivable and payable, are initially measured at present value of the future cash flows and subsequently at amortised cost using the effective interest method. Debt instruments that are payable or receivable within one year, typically trade debtors and creditors, are measured, initially and subsequently, at the undiscounted amount of the cash or other consideration expected to be paid or received. However, if the arrangements of a short-term instrument constitute a financing transaction, like the payment of a trade debt deferred beyond normal business terms or in case of an outright short-term loan that is not at market rate, the financial asset or liability is measured, initially at the present value of future cash flows discounted at a market rate of interest for a similar debt instrument and subsequently at amortised cost, unless it qualifies as a loan from a director in the case of a small Group, or a public benefit entity concessionary loan.
Financial assets that are measured at cost and amortised cost are assessed at the end of each reporting period for objective evidence of impairment. If objective evidence of impairment is found, an impairment loss is recognised in the Statement of comprehensive income.
For financial assets measured at cost less impairment, the impairment loss is measured as the difference between an asset's carrying amount and best estimate of the recoverable amount, which is an approximation of the amount that the Group would receive for the asset if it were to be sold at the balance sheet date.
Page 23
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Cordovan Acquisitions II Limited
|
Notes to the financial statements
For the period ended 31 December 2025
|
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Judgements in applying accounting policies and key sources of estimation uncertainty
|
The preparation of these financial statements requires management to make judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the application of policies and reported amounts of assets and liabilities, income and expenses.
Judgements and estimates are continually evaluated and are based on historical experiences and other factors, including expectations of future events that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances.
There were no significant judgements, apart from those involving estimates, made by the directors which had a significant effect on the amounts recognised in these financial statements.
The Group makes estimates and assumptions concerning the future. The resulting accounting estimates will, by definition, seldom equal the related actual results. The estimates and assumptions that have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amount of assets and liabilities within the next financial year are:
(a) Useful economic lives of tangible assets
The annual depreciation charge for tangible assets is sensitive to changes in the estimated useful economic lives and residual values of the assets. The useful economic lives and residual values are re-assessed annually. They are amended when necessary to reflect current estimates, based on technological advancement, future investments, economic utilisation and the physical condition of the assets. See note 13 for the carrying amount of property, plant and equipment.
(b) Impairment of trade debtors
Estimates are made in respect of the recoverable value of trade and other debtors. When assessing the level of provisions required, factors including current trading experience, historical experience and the ageing profile of debtors are considered.
(c) Impairment of stock
The Group makes an assessment at the end of each financial year of whether there is objective evidence that inventory is impaired. If an item of inventory is impaired, the identified inventory is measured at its selling price less costs to complete and sell and the resulting impairment loss is recognised in profit or loss. Where a reversal of the impairment loss is recognised the impairment loss is reversed, up to the original impairment loss, and is recognised in profit or loss.
Page 24
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Cordovan Acquisitions II Limited
|
Notes to the financial statements
For the period ended 31 December 2025
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An analysis of turnover by class of business is as follows:
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For the period ended
31 December
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Analysis of turnover by country of destination:
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For the period ended
31 December
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The operating profit is stated after charging:
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For the period ended
31 December
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Depreciation of tangible fixed assets
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Amortisation of right of use assets
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Page 25
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Cordovan Acquisitions II Limited
|
Notes to the financial statements
For the period ended 31 December 2025
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Staff costs, including directors' remuneration, were as follows:
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Cost of defined contribution scheme
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The average monthly number of employees, including the directors, during the period was as follows:
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For the period ended
31 December
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The Company has no employees other than the director, who did not receive any remuneration.
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For the period ended
31 December
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Group contributions to defined contribution pension schemes
|
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During the period retirement benefits were accruing to 1 director in respect of defined contribution pension schemes.
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Page 26
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Cordovan Acquisitions II Limited
|
Notes to the financial statements
For the period ended 31 December 2025
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|
For the period ended
31 December
|
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|
|
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|
|
Interest receivable from previous group companies
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Interest payable and similar expenses
|
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|
For the period ended
31 December
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Other loan interest payable
|
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Page 27
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Cordovan Acquisitions II Limited
|
Notes to the financial statements
For the period ended 31 December 2025
|
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For the period ended
31 December
|
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Current tax on profits for the period
|
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Origination and reversal of timing differences
|
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Adjustments in respect of prior year
|
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Factors affecting tax charge for the period
|
|
|
The tax assessed for the period is higher than the standard rate of corporation tax in the UK of 25%. The differences are explained below:
|
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|
For the period ended
31 December
|
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|
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Profit on ordinary activities before tax
|
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|
Profit on ordinary activities multiplied by standard rate of corporation tax in the UK of 25%
|
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|
|
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|
Non-tax deductible amortisation of goodwill
|
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|
Expenses not deductible for tax purposes
|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
Total tax charge for the period
|
|
|
|
Factors that may affect future tax charges
|
There were no factors that may affect future tax charges.
Page 28
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Cordovan Acquisitions II Limited
|
Notes to the financial statements
For the period ended 31 December 2025
|
|
Parent company profit for the period
|
The Company has taken advantage of the exemption allowed under section 408 of the Companies Act 2006 and has not presented its own Statement of comprehensive income in these financial statements. The loss after tax of the parent Company for the period was £526,100.
Page 29
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Cordovan Acquisitions II Limited
|
Notes to the financial statements
For the period ended 31 December 2025
|
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Acquisition of subsidiary
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Page 30
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Cordovan Acquisitions II Limited
|
Notes to the financial statements
For the period ended 31 December 2025
|
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Investments in subsidiary companies
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The following was a subsidiary undertaking of the Company:
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CB Paper Sacks Ltd (formerly, MM Bangor Ltd.)
|
Unit 6a Gallamore Lane Industrial Estate Gallamore Lane Market Rasen Lincolnshire England LN8 3HA
|
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Raw materials and consumables
|
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Work in progress (goods to be sold)
|
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Finished goods and goods for resale
|
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The difference between purchase price or production cost of stocks and their replacement cost is not material.
|
|
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Stock is stated after provision for impairment of £73,156.
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Page 31
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Cordovan Acquisitions II Limited
|
Notes to the financial statements
For the period ended 31 December 2025
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Amounts owed by group undertakings
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Prepayments and accrued income
|
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Amounts owed by group undertakings are unsecured, interest free and repayable on demand.
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Cash and cash equivalents
|
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Creditors: Amounts falling due within one year
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Amounts owed to group undertakings
|
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Other taxation and social security
|
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Accruals and deferred income
|
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|
Amounts owed to group undertakings are unsecured, interest free and repayable on demand
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Page 32
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Cordovan Acquisitions II Limited
|
Notes to the financial statements
For the period ended 31 December 2025
|
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Creditors: Amounts falling due after more than one year
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Other loan pertains to long-term loan with related party (as disclosed in Note 28). The term of the loan is five years from the date of the instrument date and carry the standard rate of 8% per annum above the Bank of England base rate.
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Analysis of the maturity of loans is given below:
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Amounts falling due 1-2 years
|
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Group as a lessee
The Group has lease contracts for its office building.
Lease liabilities are due as follows:
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Page 33
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Cordovan Acquisitions II Limited
|
Notes to the financial statements
For the period ended 31 December 2025
|
|
Contractual undiscounted cash flows are due as follows:
|
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The following amounts in respect of leases, where the Group is a lessee, have been recognised in profit or loss:
|
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Interest expense on lease liabilities
|
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|
|
The Group has no lease commitments for short-term leases and low-value assets as of balance sheet date.
|
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Charged to profit or loss
|
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|
Arising on business combinations
|
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Accelerated capital allowances
|
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Page 34
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Cordovan Acquisitions II Limited
|
Notes to the financial statements
For the period ended 31 December 2025
|
|
Provision for liabilities
|
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|
Arising on business combinations
|
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The provisions consist of restoration provisions to return the right-of-use asset building to its original state
at the end of the leasehold period.
|
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|
Allotted, called up and fully paid
|
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|
|
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|
|
|
10,310 Ordinary shares of £0.01 each
|
|
Called up share capital represents the nominal value of shares that have been issued.
On 20 January 2025, 1 Ordinary share was issued with a nominal value of £0.01 at a premium of £0.00 per share.
On 26 February 2025, 9,999 Ordinary shares were issued with a nominal value of £0.01 each at a premium of £0.00 per share.
On 19 December 2025, 310 Ordinary shares were issued with a nominal value of £0.01 each at a premium of £0.00 per share.
Profit and loss account
Includes all current and prior period retained profits and losses.
Page 35
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Cordovan Acquisitions II Limited
|
Notes to the financial statements
For the period ended 31 December 2025
On 26 February 2025, Cordovan Acquisitions II Limited, acquired the entire share capital of CB Paper Sacks Limited (formerly, MM Bangor Ltd.) for a total consideration of £5,167,486. There are no adjustments between book value and fair value and the resulting goodwill calculation is shown below. The entire purchase has been accounted for as an acquisition of a subsidiary.
|
|
Acquisition of CB Paper Sacks Ltd
|
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|
Recognised amounts of identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed
|
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Provisions for liabilities
|
|
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|
|
|
Total Identifiable net assets
|
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|
|
Total purchase consideration
|
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Total purchase consideration
|
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|
|
Cash outflow on acquisition
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less: Cash and cash equivalents acquired
|
|
|
|
Net cash outflow on acquisition
|
|
Page 36
|
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|
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Cordovan Acquisitions II Limited
|
Notes to the financial statements
For the period ended 31 December 2025
26.Business combinations (continued)
|
|
The goodwill is determined to have a useful life of 10 years and is amortised on a straight-line basis.
|
|
|
The results of CB Paper Sacks Ltd (formerly, MM Bangor Ltd.) since acquisition are as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current period since acquisition
|
|
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Profit for the period since acquisition
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The Group operates a defined contributions pension scheme. The assets of the scheme are held separately from those of the Group in an independently administered fund. The pension cost charge represents contributions payable by the Group to the fund and amounted to £58,537. Contributions totalling £13,411 were payable to the fund at the balance sheet date.
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Related party transactions
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Group
Transactions between group companies, which are related parties, have been eliminated on consolidation and are not disclosed in this note.
Company
The Company has related party balances as follows:
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Loans payable to Cordovan Capital Partners II LP
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Interest on loans to Cordovan Capital Partners II LP
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Loans payable to director
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Interest on loans to director
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Post balance sheet events
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There have been no events affecting the Company since the period end.
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Cordovan Acquisitions II Limited
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Notes to the financial statements
For the period ended 31 December 2025
No individual shareholder holds a majority of voting rights. Therefore, there is no parent entity or ultimate controlling party by virtue of shareholdings.
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