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Registered number: 07822479
SNOWDOG ENTERPRISES LIMITED
DIRECTORS' REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
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SNOWDOG ENTERPRISES LIMITED
COMPANY INFORMATION
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SNOWDOG ENTERPRISES LIMITED
CONTENTS
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Directors' responsibilities statement
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Independent auditor's report
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Statement of comprehensive income
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Statement of changes in equity
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Notes to the financial statements
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SNOWDOG ENTERPRISES LIMITED
DIRECTORS' REPORT
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
The directors present their report and the financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2025.
The directors' report has been prepared in accordance with the provisions applicable to companies entitled to the small companies exemptions of s415A of the Companies Act 2006.
The Company is exempt from the requirement to prepare a Strategic Report under section 414A of the Companies Act 2006.
Snowdog Enterprises Limited (the "Company") is a merchandise agent under licence agreement. The Company is a private company limited by shares and is incorporated in the United Kingdom.
The directors who served during the year and up to the date of signing the financial statements were:
Streamlined energy and carbon reporting (SECR)
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The Company has not disclosed information in respect of greenhouse gas emissions and energy consumption as it satisfies the thresholds for exemption and its energy consumption in the United Kingdom is less than 40,000kWh for the year.
Going Concern
In preparing these financial statements, the directors have assessed the ability of the Company to continue to operate for a period of at least twelve months from the date of signing the financial statements.
The Company has undertaken a risk assessment and forecasting exercise to assess the Company’s liquidity position. The forecast for the going concern period being to 30 June 2027, has been prepared using the three year plan approved by the Board and takes account of prior trends and expected revenue to be derived in the future, and key cost drivers such as commodity prices and inflation.
For the purposes of the Company’s going concern assessment, the directors have performed sensitivity analysis on cashflows based on unforeseen changes in demand and the potential impact of increased inflationary pressures. In addition, reverse stress testing has been performed to establish the levels of performance where cash availability would be breached. The results of the analysis demonstrated that there was sufficient cash availability within the current intra group cash pooling facility to deal with all of the identified plausible scenarios.
Based on the Company’s current trading performance, the sensitivity and reverse stress testing scenarios performed, the directors have a reasonable expectation that the Company has adequate resources to continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future, being a period of no less than twelve months from the date of approval of these financial statements. Accordingly, they continue to adopt the going concern basis in preparing the financial statements.
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SNOWDOG ENTERPRISES LIMITED
DIRECTORS' REPORT (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
Looking ahead, the market remains challenging and the economic backdrop remains similarly tough. With the support of Snowman Enterprises Limited the Company will continue to be a merchandise agent under licence agreements. The directors do not anticipate any significant changes in the activities of the Company.
Disclosure of information to auditor
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The director confirms that:
∙so far as each director is aware, there is no relevant audit information of which the Company's auditor is unaware; and
∙the directors have taken all the steps that ought to have been taken as a director in order to make themselves aware of any relevant audit information and to establish that the Company's auditor is aware of that information.
The auditor, Grant Thornton UK LLP, will be proposed for reappointment in accordance with section 485 of the Companies Act 2006.
This report was approved by the board and signed on its behalf.
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SNOWDOG ENTERPRISES LIMITED
DIRECTORS' RESPONSIBILITIES STATEMENT
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
The directors are responsible for preparing the Directors' Report and the financial statements in accordance with applicable law and regulations.
Company law requires the directors to prepare financial statements for each financial year. Under that law the directors have elected to prepare the financial statements in accordance with applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice), including Financial Reporting Standard 101 ‘Reduced Disclosure Framework’. Under company law the directors must not approve the financial statements unless they are satisfied that they give a true and fair view of the state of affairs and profit or loss of the Company for that period.
In preparing these financial statements, the directors are required to:
∙select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently;
∙make judgments and accounting estimates that are reasonable and prudent;
∙state whether applicable UK Accounting Standards have been followed, subject to any material departures disclosed and explained in the financial statements;
∙prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that the Company will continue in business.
The directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that are sufficient to show and explain the Company's transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the Company and to enable them to ensure that the financial statements comply with the Companies Act 2006. They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the Company and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities.
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SNOWDOG ENTERPRISES LIMITED
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR'S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF SNOWDOG ENTERPRISES LIMITED
We have audited the financial statements of Snowdog Enterprises Limited (the 'Company') for the year ended 31 December 2025, which comprise the Statement of comprehensive income, the Balance sheet, the Statement of changes in equity and notes to the financial statements, including a summary of significant accounting policies. The financial reporting framework that has been applied in their preparation is applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards, including Financial Reporting Standard 101 ‘Reduced Disclosure Framework’ (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice).
In our opinion:
∙the financial statements give a true and fair view of the state of the Company's affairs as at 31 December 2025 and of its profit for the year then ended;
∙the financial statements have been properly prepared in accordance with United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice; and
∙the financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006.
We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and applicable law. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the ‘Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements’ section of our report. We are independent of the Company in accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in the UK, including the FRC’s Ethical Standard, and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.
Conclusions relating to going concern
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We are responsible for concluding on the appropriateness of the directors’ use of the going concern basis of accounting and, based on the audit evidence obtained, whether a material uncertainty exists related to events or conditions that may cast significant doubt on the Company's ability to continue as a going concern. If we conclude that a material uncertainty exists, we are required to draw attention in our report to the related disclosures in the financial statements or, if such disclosures are inadequate, to modify the auditor’s opinion. Our conclusions are based on the audit evidence obtained up to the date of our report. However, future events or conditions may cause the Company to cease to continue as a going concern.
In our evaluation of the directors’ conclusions, we considered the inherent risks associated with the company's business model including effects arising from macro-economic uncertainties such as the cost of living crisis impacting consumer spending patterns and the impact of worldwide events such as the Middle East conflict, we assessed and challenged the reasonableness of estimates made by the directors and the related disclosures and analysed how those risks might affect the company's financial resources or ability to continue operations over the going concern period.
In auditing the financial statements, we have concluded that the directors’ use of the going concern basis of accounting in the preparation of the financial statements is appropriate.
Based on the work we have performed, we have not identified any material uncertainties relating to events or conditions that, individually or collectively, may cast significant doubt on the Company's ability to continue as a going concern for a period of at least twelve months from when the financial statements are authorised for issue.
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SNOWDOG ENTERPRISES LIMITED
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR'S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF SNOWDOG ENTERPRISES LIMITED (CONTINUED)
Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of the directors with respect to going concern are described in the relevant sections of this report.
The other information comprises the information included in the Directors' report other than the financial statements and our auditor's report thereon. The directors are responsible for the other information contained within the Directors' report. Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and, except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in our report, we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon.
Our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the audit, or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If we identify such material inconsistencies or apparent material misstatements, we are required to determine whether there is a material misstatement in the financial statements themselves. If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact.
We have nothing to report in this regard.
Opinions on other matters prescribed by the Companies Act 2006
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In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of the audit:
∙the information given in the Directors' report for the financial year for which the financial statements are prepared is consistent with the financial statements; and
∙the Directors' report has been prepared in accordance with applicable legal requirements.
Matter on which we are required to report under the Companies Act 2006
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In the light of the knowledge and understanding of the Company and its environment obtained in the course of the audit, we have not identified material misstatements in the Directors' report.
Matters on which we are required to report by exception
We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters in relation to which the Companies Act 2006 requires us to report to you if, in our opinion:
∙adequate accounting records have not been kept, or returns adequate for our audit have not been received from branches not visited by us; or
∙the financial statements are not in agreement with the accounting records and returns; or
∙certain disclosures of directors' remuneration specified by law are not made; or
∙ we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit.
∙the directors were not entitled to prepare the financial statements in accordance with the small companies regime and take advantage of the small companies' exemption in preparing the Directors’ report and from the requirement to prepare a Strategic Report.
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SNOWDOG ENTERPRISES LIMITED
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR'S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF SNOWDOG ENTERPRISES LIMITED (CONTINUED)
Responsibilities of directors
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As explained more fully in the Directors' responsibilities statement set out on page 3, the directors are responsible for the preparation of the financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair view, and for such internal control as the directors determine is necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.
In preparing the financial statements, the directors are responsible for assessing the Company's ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the directors either intend to liquidate the Company or to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so.
Auditor's responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements
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Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists.
Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements.
Irregularities, including fraud, are instances of non-compliance with laws and regulations. The extent to which our procedures are capable of detecting irregularities, including fraud, is detailed below:
∙We obtained an understanding of the legal and regulatory frameworks applicable to the Company and industry in which it operates through our general commercial and sector experience, discussions with management and review of board minutes. We determined that the following laws and regulations were most significant: United Kingdom Accounting Standards, including Financial Reporting Standard 101 ‘Reduced Disclosure Framework’ (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice), the Companies Act 2006 and the relevant tax compliance regulations in the UK.
∙We enquired of management concerning the Company’s policies and procedures relating to:
∙the identification, evaluation and compliance with laws and regulations;
∙the detection and response to the risks of fraud; and
∙the establishment of internal controls to mitigate risks related to fraud or non-compliance with laws and regulations.
∙We enquired of management and those charged with governance, whether they were aware of any instances of non-compliance with laws and regulations or whether they had any knowledge of actual, suspected or alleged fraud.
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SNOWDOG ENTERPRISES LIMITED
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR'S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF SNOWDOG ENTERPRISES LIMITED (CONTINUED)
Auditor's responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements (continued)
∙We assessed the susceptibility of the Company’s financial statements to material misstatement, including how fraud might occur and the risk of management override of controls. Audit procedures performed by the engagement team included:
∙identifying and assessing the design effectiveness of controls management has in place to prevent and detect fraud;
∙challenging assumptions and judgements made by management in its significant accounting estimates;
∙identifying and testing journal entries, in particular journal entries posted with unusual account combinations that increased revenues or increased costs in the Statement of comprehensive income; and
∙assessing the extent of compliance with the relevant laws and regulations as part of our procedures on the related financial statement item.
∙In addition, we completed audit procedures to conclude on the compliance of disclosures in the Directors' report and financial statements with applicable financial reporting requirements.
∙These audit procedures were designed to provide reasonable assurance that the financial statements were free from fraud or error. The risk of not detecting a material misstatement due to fraud is higher than the risk of not detecting one resulting from error and detecting irregularities that result from fraud is inherently more difficult than detecting those that result from error, as fraud may involve collusion, deliberate concealment, forgery or intentional misrepresentations. Also, the further removed non-compliance with laws and regulations is from events and transactions reflected in the financial statements, the less likely we would become aware of it;
∙It is the engagement director’s assessment that the engagement team collectively had the appropriate competence and capabilities to identify or recognise non-compliance with laws and regulations. The assessment of the appropriateness of the collective capabilities of the engagement team included consideration of the engagement team’s understanding and experience of, and practical experience with, engagements of a similar nature and complexity, including appropriate training. We communicated relevant laws and regulations and potential fraud risks to all engagement team members. We remained alert to any indications of fraud or non-compliance with laws and regulations throughout the audit.
A further description of our responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements is located on the Financial Reporting Council’s website at: www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities. This description forms part of our auditor’s report.
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SNOWDOG ENTERPRISES LIMITED
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR'S REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF SNOWDOG ENTERPRISES LIMITED (CONTINUED)
This report is made solely to the Company's members, as a body, in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of the Companies Act 2006. Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the Company's members those matters we are required to state to them in an auditor's report and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other than the Company and the Company's members, as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we have formed.
Abigail Towers
Senior Statutory Auditor
for and on behalf of Grant Thornton UK LLP
Statutory Auditor, Chartered Accountants
Milton Keynes
29 June 2026
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SNOWDOG ENTERPRISES LIMITED
STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
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Interest receivable and similar income
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Profit for the financial year
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Other comprehensive income
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Total comprehensive income for the year
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There were no recognised gains and losses for 2025 or 2024 other than those included in the statement of comprehensive income.
All activities derive from continuing operations.
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The notes on pages 12 to 22 form part of these financial statements.
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SNOWDOG ENTERPRISES LIMITED
REGISTERED NUMBER: 07822479
BALANCE SHEET
AS AT 31 DECEMBER 2025
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Debtors: amounts falling due within one year
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Creditors: amounts falling due within one year
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Total assets less current liabilities
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The Company's financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the provisions applicable to entities subject to the small companies regime.
The financial statements were approved and authorised for issue by the board and were signed on its behalf by:
The notes on pages 12 to 22 form part of these financial statements.
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SNOWDOG ENTERPRISES LIMITED
STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
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Comprehensive income for the year
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Comprehensive income for the year
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The notes on pages 12 to 22 form part of these financial statements.
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SNOWDOG ENTERPRISES LIMITED
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
Snowdog Enterprises Limited (the "Company") is a merchandise agent under licence agreement. The Company is a private company limited by shares and is incorporated in the United Kingdom. The address of its registered office is One Embassy Gardens, 8 Viaduct Gardens, London, SW11 7BW.
2.Accounting policies
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Basis of preparation of financial statements
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The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention unless otherwise specified within these accounting policies and in accordance with Financial Reporting Standard 101 'Reduced Disclosure Framework' and the Companies Act 2006.
In preparing these financial statements, the Company applies the recognition, measurement and disclosure requirements of international accounting standards in conformity with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006 (“UK-adopted IFRS”), but makes amendments where necessary in order to comply with Companies Act 2006 and has set out below where advantage of the FRS 101 disclosure exemptions has been taken.
The preparation of financial statements in compliance with FRS 101 requires the use of certain critical accounting estimates. It also requires management to exercise judgment in applying the Company's accounting policies. Management considers there are no areas involving a higher degree of judgement or complexity, nor any areas where assumptions and estimates are significant to the financial statements. (see note 3).
The following principal accounting policies have been applied:
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Financial Reporting Standard 101 - reduced disclosure exemptions
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The Company has taken advantage of the following disclosure exemptions under FRS 101:
∙the requirements of IFRS 7 Financial Instruments: Disclosures
∙the requirements of paragraphs 91-99 of IFRS 13 Fair Value Measurement
∙the requirement in paragraph 38 of IAS 1 'Presentation of Financial Statements' to present comparative information in respect of:
- paragraph 79(a)(iv) of IAS 1;
∙the requirements of the following paragraphs of IAS 1, 'Presentation of financial statements':
- 10(d) statement of cash flows;
- 10(f) statement of financial position as at the beginning of the preceding period when
retrospective restatement or reclassifications apply;
- 16 statement of compliance with all IFRS;
- 38A requirement for minimum of two primary financial statements, including cash flow
statements;
- 38B, 38C, 38D additional comparative information;
- 40A, 40B, 40C, 40D requirements to provide additional statements in respect of
retrospective restatements and reclassifications;
- 111 statement of cash flows information; and
- 134 - 136 capital management disclosures.
∙the requirements of IAS 7 Statement of Cash Flows
∙the requirements of paragraphs 30 and 31 of IAS 8 Accounting Policies, Changes in Accounting Estimates and Errors
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SNOWDOG ENTERPRISES LIMITED
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
2.Accounting policies (continued)
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Financial Reporting Standard 101 - reduced disclosure exemptions (continued)
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∙the requirements of paragraph 17 and 18A of IAS 24 Related Party Disclosures
∙the requirements in IAS 24 Related Party Disclosures to disclose related party transactions entered into between two or more members of a group, provided that any subsidiary which is a party to the transaction is wholly owned by such a member
This information is included in the consolidated financial statements of Bertelsmann SE & Co KGaA as at 31 December 2025 and these financial statements may be obtained from Bertelsmann SE & Co KGaA, Corporate Communications, Carl Bertelsmann Strasse 270, Postfach 111, D-33311 Gütersloh, Germany.
In preparing these financial statements, the directors have assessed the ability of the Company to continue to operate for a period of at least twelve months from the date of signing the financial statements.
The Company has undertaken a risk assessment and forecasting exercise to assess the Company’s liquidity position. The forecast for the going concern period being to 30 June 2027, has been prepared using the three year plan approved by the Board and takes account of prior trends and expected revenue to be derived in the future, and key cost drivers such as commodity prices and inflation.
For the purposes of the Company’s going concern assessment, the directors have performed sensitivity analysis on cashflows based on unforeseen changes in demand and the potential impact of increased inflationary pressures. In addition, reverse stress testing has been performed to establish the levels of performance where cash availability would be breached. The results of the analysis demonstrated that there was sufficient cash availability within the current intra group cash pooling facility to deal with all of the identified plausible scenarios.
Based on the Company’s current trading performance, the sensitivity and reverse stress testing scenarios performed, the directors have a reasonable expectation that the Company has adequate resources to continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future, being a period of no less than twelve months from the date of approval of these financial statements. Accordingly, they continue to adopt the going concern basis in preparing the financial statements.
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SNOWDOG ENTERPRISES LIMITED
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
2.Accounting policies (continued)
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Foreign currency transactions
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Functional and presentation currency
The Company's functional and presentational currency is GBP.
Items included in the financial statements are measured using the currency of the primary economic environment in which the entity operates. The financial statements are presented in pound sterling, which is also the functional currency of the Company.
Transactions and balances
Transactions in a currency other than the functional currency (“foreign currency”) are translated into the functional currency using the spot exchange rates at the dates of the transactions.
At each period end foreign currency monetary items are translated using the closing rate. Management assess the underlying asset and liability in the transaction to determine the nature of the foreign exchange gains and losses. As this results from operating activities gains and losses resulting from the settlement of transactions and from the translation at period end exchange rates of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies, are recognised in the profit and loss account within ‘Administrative expenses’.
Non-monetary assets and liabilities that are measured in terms of historical cost in a foreign currency are translated using the exchange rate at the date of the transaction. Non-monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies that are stated at fair value are retranslated to the functional currency at foreign exchange rates ruling at the dates the fair value was determined. Foreign exchange differences arising on translation are recognised in the profit and loss account under administrative expenses.
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SNOWDOG ENTERPRISES LIMITED
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
2.Accounting policies (continued)
Revenue is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable, and represents amounts receivable for goods supplied, stated net of discounts, returns and value added taxes. The Company recognises revenue when performance obligations have been satisfied and for the Company this is when the goods have transferred to the customer and the customer has control of these. The Company’s activities are described in detail below.
Merchandise and TV or film income
Merchandise and TV or film income is recognised as turnover when the performance obligations under the agreement are satisfied. Where the brand is managed by external agents, revenue is recognised monthly based upon received reports.
Income from subrights
Revenue from licensing and subrights, including film, overseas and electronic, is recognised when the performance obligation under the agreement has been satisfied. This is at the point in time when the associated material is transferred.
An assessment is made on each contract as to the relevant performance obligations to assess whether the customer receives a right to access or use the Company’s intellectual property. Where the performance obligation is deemed over time, an appropriate recognition framework is created based on the consumption and provision of the goods or service in question.
For related sales-based royalties of license of Company’s intellectual property, the income is recognised as the subsequent sale occurs. Where the third party sales information is not readily available at the reporting date, an estimation is made based on the information available to hand. An adjusting post balance sheet adjustment is made where subsequent information is received post year end but before the date of approval of the financial statements.
Principal v agent considerations
The Company may enter contracts with another party in addition to the customer in the arrangement. An assessment is made for each such contract as to who controls the related good or service prior to the transfer to the end customer to determine if revenue should be recognised on a gross or net basis. Where the Company acts as agent, revenue represents any commissions and fees receivable for such services rendered. Any third-party costs incurred on behalf of the principal that are rechargeable under the contractual arrangement are included in turnover with a corresponding expense recognised in the income statement.
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SNOWDOG ENTERPRISES LIMITED
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
2.Accounting policies (continued)
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Current and deferred taxation
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Tax on the profit or loss for the year comprises current and deferred tax. Tax is recognised in the Statement of comprehensive income except to the extent that it relates to items recognised directly in equity or other comprehensive income, in which case it is recognised directly in equity or other comprehensive income.
Current tax is the expected tax payable or receivable on the taxable income or loss for the year, using tax rates enacted or substantively enacted at the balance sheet date, and any adjustment to tax payable in respect of previous years.
Deferred tax is provided on temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for taxation purposes. The following temporary differences are not provided for: the initial recognition of goodwill; the initial recognition of assets or liabilities that affect neither accounting nor taxable profit other than in a business combination, and differences relating to investments in subsidiaries to the extent that they will probably not reverse in the foreseeable future. The amount of deferred tax provided is based on the expected manner of realisation or settlement of the carrying amount of assets and liabilities, using tax rates enacted or substantively enacted at the balance sheet date.
A deferred tax asset is recognised only to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profits will be available against which the temporary difference can be utilised.
The Company classifies its financial assets in the following categories:
• Amortised cost
• Fair Value through profit or loss (FVTPL)
• Fair Value through other comprehensive income (FVOCI)
The classification depends on the purpose for which the financial assets were acquired i.e. the entity’s business model for managing the financial assets and/or the contractual cash flow characteristics of the financial asset. Financial assets are not reclassified subsequent to their initial recognition unless the Company changes its business model for managing financial assets in which case all affected financial assets are reclassified on the first day of the first reporting period following the change in the business model.
A debt instrument is measured at FVOCI if it meets both of the following conditions and is not designated as at FVTPL:
• it is held within a business model whose objective is achieved by both collecting contractual cash flows and selling financial assets; and
• its contractual terms give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal amounts outstanding.
Subsequent to initial recognition these are measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method. Interest income from these financial assets is included in finance income using the effective interest rate method. Any gain or loss arising on de-recognition is recognised directly in profit or loss and presented in other (expenses)/income together with foreign exchange gains and losses. Impairment losses are presented as a separate line item in the profit or loss under ‘net impairment losses on financial and contract assets'.
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SNOWDOG ENTERPRISES LIMITED
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
2.Accounting policies (continued)
On initial recognition of an equity investment that is not held for trading, the Company may irrevocably elect to present subsequent changes in the investment's fair value in OCI. This election is made on an investment-by-investment basis.
All financial assets not classified as measured at amortised cost or FVOCI as described above are measured at FVTPL. This includes all derivative financial assets. The Company does not have any assets classified at FVOCI nor FVTPL.
The Company assesses at the end of each reporting period whether there is objective evidence that one or more event has occurred which has impacted on the estimated cash flows of the financial asset.
Financial assets are impaired and impairment losses are incurred only if such objective evidence of impairment can be reliably measured.
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Trade debtors and amount owed by group undertakings
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Trade debtors and amounts owed by group undertakings are stated at amortised cost after provision for bad and doubtful debts.
The Company applies IFRS 9 when using the expected credit loss model. Management adopts the “simplified approach” to determine an amount equal to the lifetime expected credit losses for insignificant trade debtors and a risk score on an individual basis for significant trade debtors. To measure the expected credit losses, trade debtors are grouped based on shared credit risk characteristics and the balance of uninsured debt across the Company.
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Cash and cash equivalents
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Cash and cash equivalents include cash in hand, deposits held at call with banks, other short- term highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less, and bank overdrafts. In the balance sheet, bank overdrafts are shown within borrowings in creditors: amounts falling due within one year.
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Creditors including group undertakings
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Trade and other creditors are recognised initially at fair value and subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method.
Creditors are obligations to pay for goods or services that have been acquired in the ordinary course of business from suppliers or a commitment to provide goods and services where monies have been receipted.
Interest income is recognised in profit or loss using the effective interest method.
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SNOWDOG ENTERPRISES LIMITED
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
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Judgments in applying accounting policies and key sources of estimation uncertainty
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In the application of the Company’s accounting policies, which are described in note 2, the directors are required to make judgements, estimates and assumptions about the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. The estimates, underlying assumptions and judgements are continually evaluated and are based on historical experience and other factors, including expectations of future events that are believed to be reasonable and relevant under the circumstances, however, there are no significant accounting judgements and estimates applicable to this entity.
All revenue is attributable to the Company's principal activity
Analysis of revenue by destination:
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Analysis of revenue by geographical location:
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The operating profit is stated after charging:
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Auditors remuneration:
- Audit services
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SNOWDOG ENTERPRISES LIMITED
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
The Company has no employees. Staff costs relate exclusively to an allocation of director's remuneration charged to the Company by the entity who contractually employs them.
Although the directors of the Company have service contracts with The Random House Group Limited, a proportion of their time and efforts relate to Snowdog Enterprises Limited, and therefore an apportionment of their emoluments, have been included in these financial statements.
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Amounts receivable under long term incentives
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Company pension contributions
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Retirement benefits are accruing to two directors (2024: two) under a defined benefit pension scheme and to one director (2024: one) under a money purchase scheme.
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Interest receivable and similar income
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Interest receivable on cash pooling
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Further details regarding cash pooling arrangements are included in note 9.
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SNOWDOG ENTERPRISES LIMITED
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
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UK corporation tax on profits for the year
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Factors affecting tax charge for the year
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The difference between the total tax charge shown above and the amount calculated by applying the standard rate of UK Corporation tax of 25% (2024: 25%) to the profit before tax is as follows:
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Profit multiplied by standard rate of corporation tax in the UK of 25% (2024 - 25%)
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Total tax charge for the year
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SNOWDOG ENTERPRISES LIMITED
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
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Debtors: amounts falling due within one year
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Amounts owed by group undertakings
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Amounts owed by group undertakings (excluding amounts owed by Bertelsmann UK Limited) are unsecured and repayable on demand. Included within this is £264,016 owed by Bertelsmann UK Limited (2024: £195,093) in respect of a cash pooling agreement which is unsecured and has no fixed repayment date, but can be terminated by either party giving three days notice. These amounts incur interest on a monthly basis; the interest rate for the year ranged from 4.52% to 3.55% (2024: 5.01% to 4.52%).
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Creditors: amounts falling due within one year
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Amounts owed to group undertakings
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Accruals and deferred income
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Amounts owed to group undertakings are unsecured, interest free and repayable on demand.
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Allotted, called up and fully paid
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100 (2024 - 100) Ordinary shares of £1.00 each
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There is a single class of ordinary shares. There are no restrictions on dividends and the repayment of capital.
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SNOWDOG ENTERPRISES LIMITED
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
Profit and loss account
This includes all current and prior period retained profits and losses. All reserves in respect of profit and
loss are distributable reserves.
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Related party transactions
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As the Company is a wholly owned subsidiary within the Penguin Random House Limited ("PRHL") group of companies, the Company is exempt from the requirement, under International Accounting Standard 24 ‘Related party disclosures’, to disclose transactions with other entities that are wholly owned by PRHL. The Company has taken advantage of this exemption.
The Company's immediate parent undertaking is Snowman Enterprises Limited, who is a wholly owned subsidiary of Penguin Books Limited. The Company’s ultimate controlling party is Bertelsmann SE & Co KGaA, which is incorporated in Germany. Copies of Bertelsmann SE & Co KGaA’s consolidated financial statements (the smallest and largest financial statements in which the Company is consolidated) can be obtained from:
Bertelsmann SE & Co KGaA
Corporate Communications
Carl Bertelsmann Strasse 270
33311 Gütersloh, Germany
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