The Directors present their report and financial statements for Jamma International for the year to 31st December 2025.
Reference and administrative information forms part of this report. The financial statements comply with current statutory requirements, the charity's trust deed and the Statement of Recommended Practice - Accounting and Reporting by Charities: SORP applicable to charities preparing their accounts in accordance with FRS 102.
The objectives for which the company was established are for public benefit and in doing so undertakes:
- to advance the education of the public (including academic and vocational training and skills) by providing or assisting in the provision of schools, school facilities and/or such other training facilities in socially and/or economically disadvantaged communities anywhere in the world, and/or
- to prevent or relieve poverty and the improvement of the conditions of life in socially and economically disadvantaged communities anywhere in the world, and/or
- to promote conflict resolution and reconciliation throughout the world, and/or
- to promote religious or racial harmony of equality or diversity and/or
- to promote conservation, protection and improvement of the physical and natural environment, and/or
- to promote the relief of those in need by reason of youth, age, ill health, disability, financial hardship, and/or
- such other charitable purposes as the Directors in their absolute discretion determine from time to time
The Directors have referred to the guidance contained in the Charity Commission's advice on public benefit when reviewing the objectives and when planning for future activities.
There are no changes in the objectives since the previous report.
Purpose and Aims
Jamma International (“Jamma”) was incorporated in 2010 and is a UK-registered charity.
When developing our strategy, defining activities and deciding which projects to support, the Directors comply with their duty in section 17 of the Charities Act 2011 and refer to the Charity Commission's guidance on public benefit.
Vision
Where success is measured in the wellbeing of the planet and its people.
Mission
Jamma works to deliver impact at a global scale by seeking opportunities to leverage change, achieving sustainable results that can be replicated.
We bring like-minded people together to tackle the biggest challenges faced by our planet and its people. At the heart of our work is the intention to change lives for the better and contribute to a sense of global community.
Planet
We are increasingly aware that the wellbeing of the planet and its people is the foundation our existence is built on. We support projects that return benefits to the land and those it sustains.
People
We work with communities across the world. We bring connection, cohesion and courage to gather like-minded people, regardless of kinship.
Strategic Plan
Jamma’s five-year strategic plan sets out the priorities of the organisation and how it shall work to maximise the impact of its activities.
The key strategic goals:
Develop Jamma into a philanthropic organisation recognized for its strategic and operational excellence.
Ensure the legacy of Jamma’s vision and mission is secure for the future.
Influence innovative thinking
Raise awareness and support advocacy as regards the conservation of the natural world.
Create education and capacity building opportunities for disadvantaged people to ensure expertise in the fields of mental wellbeing and Community Based Natural Resource Management (“CBNRM”).
Create conservation models that guide and inform best practice.
Build networks and collaborate with others.
Funding Awarded
During the year ended 31st December 2025, Jamma provided funding of $3,158,245 (period ended 31st December 2024 $2,186,086) to new and existing projects.
Organisations Supported
As defined in the Jamma strategic plan the focus for Jamma’s partnerships and funding falls into six key areas.
1. Awareness
Employing deliberate efforts and strategies to increase the understanding, knowledge, and appreciation in biodiversity conservation and mental wellbeing among the local community and the broader public.
Cape Leopard Trust: Conserving Leopards in a Changing Landscape. A project aiming to map the numbers and movements of leopards in Western Cape, South Africa.
Oxford University: Morally Contested Conservation – Evidence to Inform Policy. Identifying core drivers of similarities and differences underpinning beliefs to inform policy decisions.
Mozambique Wildlife Alliance (MWA): Strengthening Human-Wildlife Coexistence for Sustainable Conservation. To promote wildlife coexistence with communities and increase positive conservation impact for people, wildlife, and the habitat they share across the southern Save landscape.
2. Advocacy
Encouraging action to support social and environmental causes, whether that action be research, education, or awareness raising to shift public opinion and drive policy change.
Community Leaders Network: Capacitating the Community Leaders Network of Southern Africa’s Secretariat. To develop a robust internal governance system and a strategy for the future.
Zambian CBNRM Association: The Revitalisation of CBNRM.
Resource Africa (RA): Resource Rights in Africa. Working with RA and community groups to advocate for their resource rights, promote CBNRM practices, create governance, and monitoring systems and engagement with communities to address resource-related challenges.
Conservation Visions: Disrupting Nature's Discourse: Communicating Nature Conservation, Cultural Diversity and Human Livelihoods Through the Values of Wild Food Harvesting. The Wild Harvest Initiative will provide new ways of communicating the relevance and benefits of sustainable use and nature conservation to policymakers, politicians, and the general public. It will positively influence legislation related to sustainable use and wildlife conservation, while encouraging increased participation in, and support for, wild harvest activities.
African Community Resource Rights Alliance (ACRRA): To establish an Alliance that will support Africa's indigenous-led conservation and natural resource-based efforts. This will be achieved through advocacy and legal innovations at national, regional and international level.
3. Education and Capacity Building
Enhancing skills, knowledge, abilities, and resources of individuals, communities, organisations, and institutions.
Brian Child and The University of Florida: Transformative Education in Wildlife Economy. Delivering training to support conservation strategies for the future.
Stellenbosch University: Oppenheimer-Johansson Research Chair in African Wildlife Economies.
Oxford University: Johansson-Oppenheimer Senior Research Fellowship in Contested Conservation.
Eland School (Ubunthu Trust/ACRRA). Providing culturally appropriate primary education to Khomani San children in the southern Kalahari Desert.
The Photography Foundation. Creating pathways to professional photography for less advantaged young adults in London.
Shoe Foundation, South Africa: Camps Bay High School. Student scholarship.
4. Networks and Collaborators
Establishing and nurturing relationships, partnerships, and connections with individuals, groups, organisations, and institutions to leverage collective expertise, resources, and efforts to enhance effectiveness and impact in the fields of biodiversity conservation and mental wellbeing.
IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature): Human-Wildlife Conflict & Coexistence. To support countries in developing and implementing national policies for managing human-wildlife conflict by providing them with direct access to best available resources and advice.
IUCN: Sustainable Use and Livelihoods Specialist Group (SULi): To fund a Technical Manager and Programme Officer and capacity building.
Community Association of South Africans in Natural Resources (CASA Nature): To establish CASA and five constituencies.
5. Best Practice Models
To achieve an international standard of success benchmarked against similar organisations and projects in the fields of mental wellbeing and conservation.
Zambia Rainbow Development Trust: ZRDF’S Holistic Approach. The project aims to strengthen the capacity of poor rural communities through better sanitation, increased household social-economic status improved education and adoption of climate smart agriculture initiatives.
Return Africa: Makuleke Villages Drop-in Centres. Providing for vulnerable children in the Makuleke villages located southwest of the Punda Maria Gate of the Kruger National Park.
Conservancy Safari Namibia. A locally owned and run operation, offering visitors a unique experience.
Hallands Väderö, Sweden: Landscape restoration.
Human Centred Conservation: Putting the rights, knowledge, needs, and leadership of people living closest to nature at the heart of decision-making, while
delivering outcomes for biodiversity.
6. Mental Wellbeing
Improving the wellbeing of individuals and communities, through knowledge-based resources.
My Life: Unlock My Life. Delivering Jamma’s Brain Smart education programme in prisons around the UK. Offenders take part in training sessions. Some can volunteer to become Mental Health Ambassadors to support their peers.
Conferences and Events
Jamma, in partnership with the International Conservation Caucus Foundation (ICCF), supported an African delegation of traditional leaders, land managers, and community members, to engage directly with UK ministers, parliamentarians, civil society, and the public. The aim was to ensure that decisions made in the UK are informed by those on the front lines of conservation.
Jamma developed the Human Centred Conservation (HCC) concept and engaged a consultant to lead the implementation. A HCC workshop was held that brought together our network to define, refine and operationalise HCC.
Jamma together with partners hosted a pavilion at the IUCN World Conservation Conference, Abu Dhabi. The aim was to introduce Human Centred Conservation to a world audience.
Jamma’s Head of Network Communications worked to establish a cohesive network and communications plan to ensure that our mission, messaging work with communities, and partners result in measurable environmental impact.
A successful photography competition was held. Contributors captured the impact human wildlife conflict has on people and animals.
Project Delivery and Evaluation
Jamma has regular contact with and active involvement in all projects it funds. Written reports are received and reviewed. Jamma will continue to connect with projects after the end of the funding period to monitor their ongoing impact.
The Directors are confident that the grants made are used for the intended purposes with all projects developing in the right direction.
A comprehensive application, evaluation and monitoring process enables the Directors to assess project applications, monitor project outcomes and impacts.
Jamma carried out a comprehensive audit of the impact of the work by the Zambian Rainbow Development Foundation over the fifteen years Jamma supported them.
Jamma works with likeminded organisations whose values align with its own. The belief is that giving money is not enough. Jamma engages with partners to make sure that projects have a positive long-lasting impact.
Plans for the Future
During the coming year Jamma will continue to develop networks and relationships that align with our mission. The Head of Network Communications supports our partner organisations and communities in Southern Africa, to make their voices heard in matters where decisions are made that directly effect their ability to use their natural resources on which their livelihoods to a large extent depend.
Reserve Policy and Assessment of going concern
Bank balances and financial investments constitute restricted and unrestricted funds, unrestricted funds are seen as a general reserve.
The Directors monitor Jamma’s financial assets to make sure it has sufficient funds to cover overheads and meet the costs of all known commitments and planned projects.
The Directors remain confident of Jamma’s ability to fulfil its current financial commitments as well as funding new projects.
Risks and uncertainties
The Directors regularly consider risks to which Jamma is exposed, including those related to financial, governance, fraud, cyber security, legal, reputational and key personnel.
Jamma was incorporated by guarantee on 12 August 2010. It has no share capital and is a registered charity. The liability of each member in the event of winding up is limited to £1. On 31st December 2025 the company had four members.
The governing document is the Memorandum and Articles of Association. The members of the Board of Trustees are the directors of the company. In accordance with the Articles of Association directors are elected by the members by ordinary resolution or by a decision of the Directors.
All trustees give their time free of charge and no trustee remuneration was paid in the year. There were no expenses claimed by trustees (2024: £Nil).
The remuneration of Jamma staff is reviewed annually on an individual performance basis.
Trustees are required to disclose and register all relevant interests and withdraw from decisions where a conflict of interest arises.
Law applicable to charities in England and Wales requires the Trustees to prepare financial statements for each financial year which give a true and fair view of the company’s financial activities during the period and of its financial position at the end of the period. In preparing financial statements giving a true and fair view, the Trustees should follow best practice and:
● Select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently ● Observe the methods and principles in the Charities SORP ● Make judgements and estimates that are reasonable and prudent ● State whether applicable UK Accounting Standards and statements of recommended practice have been followed, subject to any material departures disclosed and explained in the financial statements ● Prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that the charity will continue in operation
The Trustees are responsible for keeping proper accounting records that disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the company and enable them to ensure that the financial statements comply with the Charities Act 2011. They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the company and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities.
This report has been prepared in accordance with the provisions applicable to companies entitled to the small companies exemption.
The Trustees report was approved by the Board of Trustees/Directors.
Opinion
We have audited the financial statements of Jamma International (the ‘company’) for the year ended 31 December 2025 which comprise the statement of financial activities, the balance sheet and notes to the financial statements, including significant accounting policies. The financial reporting framework that has been applied in their preparation is applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards, including Financial Reporting Standard 102 The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice).
In our opinion, the financial statements:
Basis for opinion
In auditing the financial statements, we have concluded that the Trustees use of the going concern basis of accounting in the preparation of the financial statements is appropriate.
Based on the work we have performed, we have not identified any material uncertainties relating to events or conditions that, individually or collectively, may cast significant doubt on the company’s ability to continue as a going concern for a period of at least twelve months from when the financial statements are authorised for issue.
Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of the Trustees/Directors with respect to going concern are described in the relevant sections of this report.
Other information
The other information comprises the information included in the annual report other than the financial statements and our auditor's report thereon. The Trustees/Directors are responsible for the other information contained within the annual report. Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon. Our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the course of the audit, or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If we identify such material inconsistencies or apparent material misstatements, we are required to determine whether this gives rise to a material misstatement in the financial statements themselves. If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact.
We have nothing to report in this regard.
We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters in relation to which the Charities (Accounts and Reports) Regulations 2008 requires us to report to you if, in our opinion:
the information given in the financial statements is inconsistent in any material respect with the Trustees report; or
sufficient accounting records have not been kept; or
the financial statements are not in agreement with the accounting records; or
we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit.
As explained more fully in the statement of Trustees responsibilities, the Trustees/Directors, who are also the directors of the company for the purpose of company law, are responsible for the preparation of the financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair view, and for such internal control as the Trustees/Directors determine is necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error. In preparing the financial statements, the Trustees/Directors are responsible for assessing the company’s ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the Trustees/Directors either intend to liquidate the charitable company or to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so.
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor's report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements.
The extent to which our procedures are capable of detecting irregularities, including fraud, is detailed below.
Extent to which the audit was considered capable of detecting irregularities, including fraud
We identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to fraud or error, and then design and perform audit procedures responsive to those risks, including obtaining audit evidence that is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.
In identifying and addressing risks of material misstatement in respect of irregularities, including fraud and non-compliance with laws and regulations, our procedures included the following:
We obtained an understanding of laws and regulations that affect the Charity, focusing on those that had a direct effect on the financial statements or that had a fundamental effect on its operations. Key laws and regulations that we identified included tax legislation, Charities Act and employment legislation.
We enquired of the trustees and reviewed trustees' meeting minutes for evidence of non-compliance with relevant laws and regulations. We also reviewed controls the trustees have in place to ensure compliance.
We gained an understanding of and evaluated the controls that the trustees have in place to prevent and detect fraud. We enquired of the members about any incidences of fraud that had taken place during the accounting period.
The risk of fraud and non-compliance with laws and regulations and fraud was discussed within the audit team and tests were planned and performed to address these risks. We identified the potential for fraud in the following areas: income recognition, management override, misappropriation of assets.
We reviewed financial statements disclosures and tested to supporting documentation to assess compliance with relevant laws and regulations discussed above.
We enquired of the trustees about actual and potential litigation and claims.
We performed analytical procedures to identify any unusual or unexpected relationships that might indicate risks of material misstatement due to fraud.
In addressing the risk of fraud due to management override of internal controls we tested the appropriateness of journal entries and assessed whether the judgements made in making accounting estimates were indicative of a potential bias.
Due to the inherent limitations of an audit, there is an unavoidable risk that we may not have detected some material misstatements in the financial statements, even though we have properly planned and performed our audit in accordance with auditing standards. For example, as with any audit, there remained a higher risk of non-detection of irregularities, as these may involve collusion, forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations, or the override of internal controls. We are not responsible for preventing fraud or non-compliance with laws and regulations and cannot be expected to detect all fraud and non-compliance with laws and regulations.
A further description of our responsibilities is available on the Financial Reporting Council’s website at: https://www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities. This description forms part of our auditor's report.
This report is made solely to the company’s members, as a body, in accordance with section 391 of the Companies Act 2014. Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the company’s members those matters we are required to state to them in an auditor's report and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other than the company and the company’s members as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we have formed.
Investments
Raising funds
The statement of financial activities includes all gains and losses recognised in the year. All income and expenditure derive from continuing activities.
Jamma International is a private company limited by guarantee incorporated in England and Wales. The registered office is 3rd Floor, 114a Cromwell Road, Kensington, London, SW7 4AG.
The accounts have been prepared in accordance with the company's Memorandum and Articles of Association, the Companies Act 2006 and “Accounting and Reporting by Charities: Statement of Recommended Practice applicable to charities preparing their accounts in accordance with the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (FRS 102)” (as amended for accounting periods commencing from 1 January 2016). The company is a Public Benefit Entity as defined by FRS 102.
The company has taken advantage of the provisions in the SORP for charities applying FRS 102 Update Bulletin 1 not to prepare a Statement of Cash Flows.
The accounts are prepared in United States dollar (US$), which is the functional currency of the company. Monetary amounts in these financial statements are rounded to the nearest US$.
The accounts have been prepared under the historical cost convention, modified to include the revaluation of investments at fair value. The principal accounting policies adopted are set out below.
The company changed its financial year-end from 5 April to 31 December in the prior period. As a result, the comparative figures are prepared for the period from 1 April 2024 to 31 December 2024 and are therefore not directly comparable with the current year, which covers the 12 months ended 31 December 2025.
The trustees have reviewed the company's forecasts and projections and, therefore, continues to adopt the going concern basis in preparing its financial statements.
Unrestricted funds are available for use at the discretion of the Trustees/Directors in furtherance of their charitable objectives.
Restricted funds are subject to specific conditions by donors or grantors as to how they may be used. The purposes and uses of the restricted funds are set out in the notes to the financial statements.
Cash donations are recognised on receipt. Other donations are recognised once the company has been notified of the donation, unless performance conditions require deferral of the amount. Income tax recoverable in relation to donations received under Gift Aid or deeds of covenant is recognised at the time of receipt.
Expenditure is recognised once there is a legal or constructive obligation to transfer economic benefit to a third party, it is probable that a transfer of economic benefits will be required in settlement, and the amount of the obligation can be measured reliably.
Expenditure is classified by activity. The costs of each activity are made up of the total of direct costs and shared costs, including support costs involved in undertaking each activity. Direct costs attributable to a single activity are allocated directly to that activity. Shared costs which contribute to more than one activity and support costs which are not attributable to a single activity are apportioned between those activities on a basis consistent with the use of resources. Central staff costs are allocated on the basis of time spent, and depreciation charges are allocated on the portion of the asset’s use.
All expenditure is accounted for on an accrual basis and has been listed under headings that aggregate all costs related to that activity.
Tangible fixed assets are initially measured at cost and subsequently measured at cost or valuation, net of depreciation and any impairment losses.
Depreciation is recognised so as to write off the cost or valuation of assets less their residual values over their useful lives on the following bases:
The gain or loss arising on the disposal of an asset is determined as the difference between the sale proceeds and the carrying value of the asset, and is recognised in the statement of financial activities.
Fixed asset investments are initially measured at transaction price excluding transaction costs. Unlisted investments are subsequently held at cost. Listed investments are subsequently measured at fair value at each reporting date. Changes in fair value are recognised in net income/(expenditure) for the year. Transaction costs are expensed as incurred.
At each reporting end date, the company reviews the carrying amounts of its tangible assets to determine whether there is any indication that those assets have suffered an impairment loss. If any such indication exists, the recoverable amount of the asset is estimated in order to determine the extent of the impairment loss (if any).
Cash and cash equivalents include cash in hand, deposits held at call with banks, other short-term liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less, and bank overdrafts. Bank overdrafts are shown within borrowings in current liabilities.
The company has elected to apply the provisions of Section 11 ‘Basic Financial Instruments’ and Section 12 ‘Other Financial Instruments Issues’ of FRS 102 to all of its financial instruments.
Financial instruments are recognised in the company's balance sheet when the company becomes party to the contractual provisions of the instrument.
Financial assets and liabilities are offset, with the net amounts presented in the financial statements, when there is a legally enforceable right to set off the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis or to realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.
Basic financial assets, which include debtors and cash and bank balances, are initially measured at transaction price including transaction costs and are subsequently carried at amortised cost using the effective interest method unless the arrangement constitutes a financing transaction, where the transaction is measured at the present value of the future receipts discounted at a market rate of interest. Financial assets classified as receivable within one year are not amortised.
Basic financial liabilities, including creditors and bank loans are initially recognised at transaction price unless the arrangement constitutes a financing transaction, where the debt instrument is measured at the present value of the future payments discounted at a market rate of interest. Financial liabilities classified as payable within one year are not amortised.
Debt instruments are subsequently carried at amortised cost, using the effective interest rate method.
Trade creditors are obligations to pay for goods or services that have been acquired in the ordinary course of operations from suppliers. Amounts payable are classified as current liabilities if payment is due within one year or less. If not, they are presented as non-current liabilities. Trade creditors are recognised initially at transaction price and subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method.
Financial liabilities are derecognised when the company’s contractual obligations expire or are discharged or cancelled.
The cost of any unused holiday entitlement is recognised in the period in which the employee’s services are received.
Termination benefits are recognised immediately as an expense when the company is demonstrably committed to terminate the employment of an employee or to provide termination benefits.
Payments to defined contribution retirement benefit schemes are charged as an expense as they fall due.
In the application of the company’s accounting policies, the Trustees/Directors are required to make judgements, estimates and assumptions about the carrying amount of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. The estimates and associated assumptions are based on historical experience and other factors that are considered to be relevant. Actual results may differ from these estimates.
The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised in the period in which the estimate is revised where the revision affects only that period, or in the period of the revision and future periods where the revision affects both current and future periods.
Raising funds
None of the Trustees/Directors (or any persons connected with them) received any remuneration or benefits from the Trust during the year. No trustees' expenses have been incurred during the reporting period.
The average monthly number of employees during the year was:
The charity is exempt from taxation on its activities because all its income is applied for charitable purposes.
The historical cost of listed fixed asset investments at 31 December 2025 was $4,046,992 (2024: $3,193,876).
The unlisted investments are represented by holdings in The Conduit Holdco Limited, The Conduit Connect Limited, The Conduit Club and The London Interdisciplinary School Limited, all companies registered in England and Wales.
Included in other debtors is an amount of $40,679 (2024: $35,171) recoverable after more than one year.
The company operates a defined contribution pension scheme for all qualifying employees. The assets of the scheme are held separately from those of the company in an independently administered fund.
The restricted funds of the charity comprise the unexpended balances of donations and grants held on trust subject to specific conditions by donors as to how they may be used.
The unrestricted funds of the charity comprise the unexpended balances of donations and grants which are not subject to specific conditions by donors and grantors as to how they may be used. These include designated funds which have been set aside out of unrestricted funds by the trustees for specific purposes.
At 31 December 2025, the charity had future minimum lease payments under non-cancellable operating leases as the below. The commitments relate to office premises in Milan under a six-year lease commencing on 5 May 2025 and expiring on 4 May 2031 at an annual rental of €55,000 plus VAT, subject to annual index-linked increases.
The company is limited by guarantee and therefore has no share capital.
During the period, the charity made donations totalling $453,780 (period ending 31 December 2024: $559,624) to The Photography Foundation, a charity registered in England and Wales in which Mr M A Johansson and Mrs A C S Johansson are trustees. The charity also received donations from trustees totalling $105,000 (2024: $48,465). These donations were unrestricted.