Caseware UK (AP4) 2025.0.111 2025.0.111 2025-12-312025-12-31000truefalsetruetrue42true2025-01-01No description of principal activity61falsefalse 02712473 2025-01-01 2025-12-31 02712473 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 02712473 2025-12-31 02712473 2024-12-31 02712473 c:Exceptional 2025-01-01 2025-12-31 02712473 c:Exceptional 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 02712473 c:ContinuingOperations 2025-01-01 2025-12-31 02712473 c:ContinuingOperations 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 02712473 c:DiscontinuedOperations 2025-01-01 2025-12-31 02712473 c:DiscontinuedOperations 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 02712473 c:ContinuingOperations c:Exceptional 2025-01-01 2025-12-31 02712473 c:ContinuingOperations c:Exceptional 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 02712473 c:DiscontinuedOperations c:Exceptional 2025-01-01 2025-12-31 02712473 c:DiscontinuedOperations c:Exceptional 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 02712473 d:Director1 2025-01-01 2025-12-31 02712473 d:Director1 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 02712473 d:Director2 2025-01-01 2025-12-31 02712473 d:Director2 2025-12-31 02712473 d:Director3 2025-01-01 2025-12-31 02712473 d:Director3 2025-12-31 02712473 d:Director4 2025-01-01 2025-12-31 02712473 d:Director4 2025-12-31 02712473 d:Director8 2025-01-01 2025-12-31 02712473 d:Director8 2025-12-31 02712473 d:RegisteredOffice 2025-01-01 2025-12-31 02712473 c:FurnitureFittings 2025-01-01 2025-12-31 02712473 c:FurnitureFittings 2025-12-31 02712473 c:FurnitureFittings 2024-12-31 02712473 c:FurnitureFittings c:OwnedOrFreeholdAssets 2025-01-01 2025-12-31 02712473 c:OfficeEquipment 2025-01-01 2025-12-31 02712473 c:OfficeEquipment 2025-12-31 02712473 c:OfficeEquipment 2024-12-31 02712473 c:OfficeEquipment c:OwnedOrFreeholdAssets 2025-01-01 2025-12-31 02712473 c:OwnedOrFreeholdAssets 2025-01-01 2025-12-31 02712473 c:DevelopmentCostsCapitalisedDevelopmentExpenditure 2025-01-01 2025-12-31 02712473 c:DevelopmentCostsCapitalisedDevelopmentExpenditure 2025-12-31 02712473 c:DevelopmentCostsCapitalisedDevelopmentExpenditure 2024-12-31 02712473 c:CurrentFinancialInstruments 2025-12-31 02712473 c:CurrentFinancialInstruments 2024-12-31 02712473 c:CurrentFinancialInstruments c:WithinOneYear 2025-12-31 02712473 c:CurrentFinancialInstruments c:WithinOneYear 2024-12-31 02712473 c:ReportableOperatingSegment1 2025-01-01 2025-12-31 02712473 c:ReportableOperatingSegment1 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 02712473 c:ShareCapital 2025-12-31 02712473 c:ShareCapital 2024-12-31 02712473 c:RetainedEarningsAccumulatedLosses 2025-01-01 2025-12-31 02712473 c:RetainedEarningsAccumulatedLosses 2025-12-31 02712473 c:RetainedEarningsAccumulatedLosses 2024-01-01 2024-12-31 02712473 c:RetainedEarningsAccumulatedLosses 2024-12-31 02712473 c:RetainedEarningsAccumulatedLosses 2024-01-01 02712473 c:AcceleratedTaxDepreciationDeferredTax 2025-12-31 02712473 c:AcceleratedTaxDepreciationDeferredTax 2024-12-31 02712473 c:RetirementBenefitObligationsDeferredTax 2025-12-31 02712473 c:RetirementBenefitObligationsDeferredTax 2024-12-31 02712473 d:OrdinaryShareClass1 2025-01-01 2025-12-31 02712473 d:OrdinaryShareClass1 2025-12-31 02712473 d:OrdinaryShareClass1 2024-12-31 02712473 d:FRS102 2025-01-01 2025-12-31 02712473 d:Audited 2025-01-01 2025-12-31 02712473 d:FullAccounts 2025-01-01 2025-12-31 02712473 d:PrivateLimitedCompanyLtd 2025-01-01 2025-12-31 02712473 c:WithinOneYear 2025-12-31 02712473 c:WithinOneYear 2024-12-31 02712473 c:BetweenOneFiveYears 2025-12-31 02712473 c:BetweenOneFiveYears 2024-12-31 02712473 c:MoreThanFiveYears 2025-12-31 02712473 c:MoreThanFiveYears 2024-12-31 02712473 c:DevelopmentCostsCapitalisedDevelopmentExpenditure c:ExternallyAcquiredIntangibleAssets 2025-01-01 2025-12-31 02712473 4 2025-01-01 2025-12-31 02712473 c:DevelopmentCostsCapitalisedDevelopmentExpenditure c:OwnedIntangibleAssets 2025-01-01 2025-12-31 02712473 e:PoundSterling 2025-01-01 2025-12-31 xbrli:shares iso4217:GBP xbrli:pure
Company Registration Number: 02712473



















FOD MOBILITY UK LIMITED
ANNUAL REPORT AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025













img0786.png

 
FOD MOBILITY UK LIMITED
 

COMPANY INFORMATION


Directors
Mr M T Heald 
Mr G M Taylor (appointed 1 January 2026)
Mrs R C Marshall (appointed 26 September 2025)




Registered number
02712473



Registered office
3rd Floor
The Waterfront Building

Salts Mill Road

Shipley

BD17 7EZ




Independent auditors
Armstrong Watson Audit Limited
Chartered Accountants & Statutory Auditors

Third Floor

10 South Parade

Leeds

West Yorkshire

LS1 5QS





 
FOD MOBILITY UK LIMITED
 

CONTENTS



Page
Strategic Report
1 - 2
Directors' Report
3 - 4
Independent Auditors' Report
5 - 8
Statement of Income and Retained Earnings
9
Statement of Financial Position
10
Notes to the Financial Statements
11 - 26

 
FOD MOBILITY UK LIMITED
 

STRATEGIC REPORT
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025

Introduction
 
The directors present their strategic report and the financial statements of the company for the year ended 31 December 2025.

Principal activity and business review
 
With headquarters based in Saltaire, West Yorkshire, FOD Mobility UK Limited is a highly regarded vehicle rental management company powered by its award winning technology.

The company had a strong operating performance throughout the 2025 financial year with a gross profit of £3.7m (2024: £4.6m).

Turnover decreased to £11.4m (2024: £16.3m). This decrease was due to the strategic decision to restructure the company and cease trade of the Mobilleo operation in the prior year. This restructure has resulted in an improved gross margin % in the financial year to 32.5% (2024: 28.2%)

The directors are pleased with the ongoing performance of the company. The adjusted EBITDA is broadly in line with the prior year.  With the continued support of the investors, the Directors are looking forward to a year of growth in our core business offerings.

The directors track key measures of cost relative to revenue to ensure that they are operating efficiently on an ongoing basis.  They continue to review the risks and opportunities within the market to ensure they offer the ideal solutions to their customers.

Key performance indicators
 
In the opinion of the directors the key performance indicators of the Company are as follows:

2025
2024
        £
        £
Turnover

11,417,486

16,282,303
 
Gross profit

3,714,130

4,588,981
 
Adjusted EBITDA

1,024,140

1,133,999
 

Adjusted EBITDA is calculated by adding back exceptional costs.

The directors believe the above results represent an excellent performance for the financial year. These results were achieved through retaining and attracting a mixture of existing and new customers alike.

Page 1

 
FOD MOBILITY UK LIMITED
 

STRATEGIC REPORT (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025

Principal risks and uncertainties
 
Principal risks include creditworthiness of customers, competition and competitive supply terms.

Credit risk
Credit risk arises primarily from the risk that customers may not be able to meet their obligations to pay, as and when they fall due. The company mitigates this risk by regularly reviewing its aged debt profile, issuing client statements monthly and constantly monitoring credit control. All new clients are also credit checked and sanction checked, for credit worthiness and viability.

Competition risk
The company operates in a highly competitive environment with the risk of lost sales to competitors. The company manages risk by ensuring highly trained staff provide the highest level of service available within our sector.

To mitigate strong competition in the market, the company continues to improve the range of products and services through continual innovation and development of platforms.

Supply
The company relies on third party supply partners. The group manages risk through ensuring the maintenance of a large-scale competitive supply chain. The company builds strong strategic relationships ensuring commitments made are delivered upon, including prompt payments of invoices.

Currency risk
The company currently has minimal exposure to overseas transactions and currency risk.

Liquidity and cashflow
This is the risk that cash may not be available to meet obligations as they fall due. The company has access to bank facilities (overdraft etc), assisting to mitigate this risk. Company cash balances and cashflows are regularly reviewed to ensure liquidity risk is minimised.

Political
The company is subject to mainly local economic and political situations. The company manages this risk through monitoring of the economic environment, as part of its ongoing forecasting process.

Future prospects & outlook
 
The company has continued with its strategic growth plan. The restructuring has created a solid foundation for growth in its core activities. With heavy investment in sales & marketing, service delivery and product development, the directors are optimistic about the future prospects.


This report was approved by the board and signed on its behalf.



Mr G M Taylor
Director

Date: 22 September 2026
Page 2

 
FOD MOBILITY UK LIMITED
 

 
DIRECTORS' REPORT
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025

The directors present their report and the financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2025.

Directors' responsibilities statement

The directors are responsible for preparing the Strategic Report, the Directors' Report and the financial statements in accordance with applicable law and regulations.

Company law requires the directors to prepare financial statements for each financial year. Under that law the directors have elected to prepare the financial statements in accordance with applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice), including Financial Reporting Standard 102 ‘The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland'. Under company law the directors must not approve the financial statements unless they are satisfied that they give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the Company and of the profit or loss of the Company for that period.

 In preparing these financial statements, the directors are required to:


∙select suitable accounting policies for the Company's financial statements and then apply them consistently;

∙make judgements and accounting estimates that are reasonable and prudent;

∙state whether applicable UK Accounting Standards have been followed, subject to any material departures disclosed and explained in the financial statements;

∙prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that the Company will continue in business.

The directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that are sufficient to show and explain the Company's transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the Company and to enable them to ensure that the financial statements comply with the Companies Act 2006. They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the Company and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities.

Results and dividends

The profit for the year, after taxation, amounted to £4,212,622 (2024 - loss £301,472).

The Directors have recommended a dividend of £4,239,041 (2024 - Nil).

Directors

The directors who served during the year were:

Mr M T Heald 
Mr J A Howick (resigned 31 October 2025)
Mr J P Whitston (resigned 31 March 2026)
Mrs R C Marshall (appointed 26 September 2025)

Disclosure of information to auditors

Each of the persons who are directors at the time when this Directors' Report is approved has confirmed that:

∙so far as the director is aware, there is no relevant audit information of which the Company's auditors are unaware, and

∙the director has taken all the steps that ought to have been taken as a director in order to be aware of any relevant audit information and to establish that the Company's auditors are aware of that information.

Page 3

 
FOD MOBILITY UK LIMITED
 

 
DIRECTORS' REPORT (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025

Auditors

The auditors, Armstrong Watson Audit Limited, will be proposed for reappointment in accordance with section 485 of the Companies Act 2006.

This report was approved by the board and signed on its behalf.
 





Mr G M Taylor
Director

Date: 22 September 2026

Page 4

 
FOD MOBILITY UK LIMITED
 

 
INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF FOD MOBILITY UK LIMITED
 

Opinion


We have audited the financial statements of FOD Mobility UK Limited (the 'Company') for the year ended 31 December 2025, which comprise the Statement of Income and Retained Earnings, the Statement of Financial Position and the related notes, including a summary of significant accounting policies. The financial reporting framework that has been applied in their preparation is applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards, including Financial Reporting Standard 102 ‘The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland' (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice).

In our opinion the financial statements:


∙give a true and fair view of the state of the Company's affairs as at 31 December 2025 and of its profit for the year then ended;
∙have been properly prepared in accordance with United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice; and
∙have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006.


Basis for opinion


We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and applicable law. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditors' responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements section of our report. We are independent of the Company in accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in the United Kingdom, including the Financial Reporting Council's Ethical Standard and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.


Conclusions relating to going concern


In auditing the financial statements, we have concluded that the directors' use of the going concern basis of accounting in the preparation of the financial statements is appropriate.


Based on the work we have performed, we have not identified any material uncertainties relating to events or conditions that, individually or collectively, may cast significant doubt on the Company's ability to continue as a going concern for a period of at least twelve months from when the financial statements are authorised for issue.


Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of the directors with respect to going concern are described in the relevant sections of this report.


Other information


The other information comprises the information included in the Annual Report other than the financial statements and our Auditors' Report thereon. The directors are responsible for the other information contained within the Annual Report. Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and, except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in our report, we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon. Our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the course of the audit, or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If we identify such material inconsistencies or apparent material misstatements, we are required to determine whether this gives rise to a material misstatement in the financial statements themselves. If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact.

We have nothing to report in this regard.

Page 5

 
FOD MOBILITY UK LIMITED
 

 
INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF FOD MOBILITY UK LIMITED (CONTINUED)


Opinion on other matters prescribed by the Companies Act 2006
 

In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of the audit:

∙the information given in the Strategic Report and the Directors' Report for the financial year for which the financial statements are prepared is consistent with the financial statements; and
∙the Strategic Report and the Directors' Report have been prepared in accordance with applicable legal requirements.

Matters on which we are required to report by exception
 

In the light of the knowledge and understanding of the Company and its environment obtained in the course of the audit, we have not identified material misstatements in the Strategic Report or the Directors' Report.

We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters in relation to which the Companies Act 2006 requires us to report to you if, in our opinion:

∙adequate accounting records have not been kept, or returns adequate for our audit have not been received from branches not visited by us; or
∙the financial statements are not in agreement with the accounting records and returns; or
∙certain disclosures of directors' remuneration specified by law are not made; or
∙we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit.


Responsibilities of directors
 

As explained more fully in the Directors' Responsibilities Statement set out on page 3, the directors are responsible for the preparation of the financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair view, and for such internal control as the directors determine is necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.

In preparing the financial statements, the directors are responsible for assessing the Company's ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the directors either intend to liquidate the Company or to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so.

Page 6

 
FOD MOBILITY UK LIMITED
 

 
INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF FOD MOBILITY UK LIMITED (CONTINUED)


Auditors' responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements
 

Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an Auditors' Report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements.

Irregularities, including fraud, are instances of non-compliance with laws and regulations. We design procedures in line with our responsibilities, outlined above, to detect material misstatements in respect of irregularities, including fraud. The extent to which our procedures are capable of detecting irregularities, including fraud is detailed below:

∙We obtained an understanding of laws and regulations that affect the Company, focusing on those that had a direct effect on the financial statements or that had a fundamental effect on its operations. Key laws and regulations that we identified included the UK Companies Act and tax legislation.

∙We enquired of the directors and reviewed correspondence with HMRC for evidence of non-compliance with relevant laws and regulations. We also reviewed controls the directors have in place to ensure compliance.

∙We gained an understanding of the controls that the directors have in place to prevent and detect fraud. We enquired of the directors about any incidences of fraud that had taken place during the accounting period.

∙The risk of fraud and non-compliance with laws and regulations was discussed within the audit team and tests were planned and performed to address these risks. We identified the potential for fraud in the following areas: revenue recognition and management override of controls.

∙We reviewed financial statements disclosures and tested to supporting documentation to assess compliance with relevant laws and regulations discussed above.

∙We enquired of the directors about actual and potential litigation and claims.

∙We performed analytical procedures to identify any unusual or unexpected relationships that might indicate risks of material misstatement due to fraud.

∙In addressing the risk of fraud due to management override of internal controls we tested the appropriateness of journal entries and assessed whether the judgements made in making accounting estimates were indicative of a potential bias.

Because of the inherent limitations of an audit, there is a risk that we will not detect all irregularities, including those leading to a material misstatement in the financial statements or non-compliance with regulation. This risk increases the more that compliance with a law or regulation is removed from the events and transactions reflected in the financial statements, as we will be less likely to become aware of instances of non-compliance. The risk is also greater regarding irregularities occurring due to fraud rather than error, as fraud involves intentional concealment, forgery, collusion, omission or misrepresentation.

A further description of our responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements is located on the Financial Reporting Council's website at: www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities. This description forms part of our Auditors' Report.

Page 7

 
FOD MOBILITY UK LIMITED
 

 
INDEPENDENT AUDITORS' REPORT TO THE MEMBERS OF FOD MOBILITY UK LIMITED (CONTINUED)


Use of our report
 

This report is made solely to the Company's members, as a body, in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of the Companies Act 2006. Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the Company's members those matters we are required to state to them in an Auditors' Report and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other than the Company and the Company's members, as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we have formed.





Matthew Osbourne (Senior Statutory Auditor)
for and on behalf of
Armstrong Watson Audit Limited
Chartered Accountants & Statutory Auditors
Leeds

22 September 2026
Page 8

 
FOD MOBILITY UK LIMITED
 

STATEMENT OF INCOME AND RETAINED EARNINGS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025

Continuing operations
Discontinued operations
Total
Continuing operations
Discontinued operations 
Total 
2025
2025
2025
2024
2024
2024
Note
£
£
£
£
£
£

  

Turnover
 4 
11,417,486
-
11,417,486
14,505,808
1,776,495
16,282,303

Cost of sales
  
(7,703,356)
-
(7,703,356)
(9,322,522)
(2,370,800)
(11,693,322)

Gross profit
  
3,714,130
-
3,714,130
5,183,286
(594,305)
4,588,981

Administrative expenses
  
(3,925,770)
-
(3,925,770)
(4,458,475)
(173,321)
(4,631,796)

Exceptional administrative expenses
 11 
4,241,242
-
4,241,242
-
(527,252)
(527,252)

Operating profit/(loss)
 5 
4,029,602
-
4,029,602
724,811
(1,294,878)
(570,067)

Tax on profit/(loss)
 9 
183,020
-
183,020
268,595
-
268,595

Profit/(loss) after tax
  
4,212,622
-
4,212,622
993,406
(1,294,878)
(301,472)

  

  

Retained earnings at the beginning of the year
  
4,576,113
4,877,585

  
4,576,113
 
4,877,585

Profit/(loss) for the year
  
4,212,622
(301,472)

Dividends declared and paid
  
(4,239,041)
-

Retained earnings at the end of the year
  
4,549,694
 
4,576,113

There were no recognised gains and losses for 2025 or 2024 other than those included in the statement of income and retained earnings.

The notes on pages 11 to 26 form part of these financial statements.

Page 9

 
FOD MOBILITY UK LIMITED
REGISTERED NUMBER: 02712473

STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION
AS AT 31 DECEMBER 2025

2025
2024
Note
£
£

Fixed assets
  

Intangible fixed assets
 12 
7,345,521
7,872,347

Tangible assets
 13 
26,867
60,950

  
7,372,388
7,933,297

Current assets
  

Debtors: amounts falling due within one year
 14 
4,486,234
8,311,978

Cash at bank and in hand
  
1,238
1,298

  
4,487,472
8,313,276

Creditors: amounts falling due within one year
 16 
(5,716,521)
(9,893,795)

Net current liabilities
  
 
 
(1,229,049)
 
 
(1,580,519)

Total assets less current liabilities
  
6,143,339
6,352,778

Provisions for liabilities
  

Deferred tax
 17 
(1,423,645)
(1,606,665)

  
 
 
(1,423,645)
 
 
(1,606,665)

Net assets
  
4,719,694
4,746,113


Capital and reserves
  

Called up share capital 
 18 
170,000
170,000

Profit and loss account
 19 
4,549,694
4,576,113

  
4,719,694
4,746,113


The financial statements were approved and authorised for issue by the board and were signed on its behalf by: 




Mr G M Taylor
Director

Date: 22 September 2026

The notes on pages 11 to 26 form part of these financial statements.

Page 10

 
FOD MOBILITY UK LIMITED
 

 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025

1.


General information

FOD Mobility UK Limited is a private company limited by shares, registered in England and Wales. The address of the registered office is 3rd Floor, The Waterfront Building, Salts Mill Road, Shipley, BD17 7EZ.

2.Accounting policies

 
2.1

Basis of preparation of financial statements

The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention unless otherwise specified within these accounting policies and in accordance with Financial Reporting Standard 102, the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and the Republic of Ireland and the Companies Act 2006.

The preparation of financial statements in compliance with FRS 102 requires the use of certain critical accounting estimates. It also requires management to exercise judgement in applying the Company's accounting policies (see note 3).

The following principal accounting policies have been applied:

 
2.2

Financial Reporting Standard 102 - reduced disclosure exemptions

The Company has taken advantage of the following disclosure exemptions in preparing these financial statements, as permitted by the FRS 102 "The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland":
∙the requirements of Section 7 Statement of Cash Flows;
∙the requirements of Section 3 Financial Statement Presentation paragraph 3.17(d).

This information is included in the consolidated financial statements of FOD Mobility Group Limited as at 31 December 2025 and these financial statements may be obtained from Companies House.

 
2.3

Going concern

After consideration of all factors, the directors continue to adopt the going concern basis in preparing
the financial statements. The directors are satisfied the company has the continued support of its lenders.

In reaching their conclusion, the directors have considered cash flow forecasts covering a period of 12 months from the date of approval of the financial statements.

 
2.4

Foreign currency translation

Functional and presentation currency

The Company's functional and presentational currency is GBP.

Transactions and balances

Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using the spot exchange rates at the dates of the transactions.

At each period end foreign currency monetary items are translated using the closing rate. Non-monetary items measured at historical cost are translated using the exchange rate at the date of the transaction and non-monetary items measured at fair value are measured using the exchange rate when fair value was determined.

Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of transactions and from the translation at period-end exchange rates of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are recognised in profit or loss  except when deferred in other comprehensive income as
Page 11

 
FOD MOBILITY UK LIMITED
 

 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025

2.Accounting policies (continued)


2.4
Foreign currency translation (continued)

qualifying cash flow hedges.

Foreign exchange gains and losses that relate to borrowings and cash and cash equivalents are presented in the Statement of Income and Retained Earnings within 'finance income or costs'. All other foreign exchange gains and losses are presented in profit or loss within 'other operating income'.

 
2.5

Revenue

Revenue is recognised to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Company and the revenue can be reliably measured. Revenue is measured as the fair value of the consideration received or receivable, excluding discounts, rebates, value added tax and other sales taxes. The following criteria must also be met before revenue is recognised:

Rendering of services

Revenue from a contract to provide services is recognised in the period in which the services are provided in accordance with the stage of completion of the contract when all of the following conditions are satisfied:
∙the amount of revenue can be measured reliably;
∙it is probable that the Company will receive the consideration due under the contract;
∙the stage of completion of the contract at the end of the reporting period can be measured reliably; and
∙the costs incurred and the costs to complete the contract can be measured reliably.

 
2.6

Operating leases: the Company as lessee

Rentals paid under operating leases are charged to profit or loss on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

Benefits received and receivable as an incentive to sign an operating lease are recognised on a straight-line basis over the lease term, unless another systematic basis is representative of the time pattern of the lessee's benefit from the use of the leased asset.

 
2.7

Research and development

In the research phase of an internal project it is not possible to demonstrate that the project will generate future economic benefits and hence all expenditure on research shall be recognised as an expense when it is incurred. Intangible assets are recognised from the development phase of a project if and only if certain specific criteria are met in order to demonstrate the asset will generate probable future economic benefits and that its cost can be reliably measured. The capitalised development costs are subsequently amortised on a straight-line basis over their useful economic lives, which is 10 years.

If it is not possible to distinguish between the research phase and the development phase of an internal project, the expenditure is treated as if it were all incurred in the research phase only.

 
2.8

Borrowing costs

All borrowing costs are recognised in profit or loss in the year in which they are incurred.

Page 12

 
FOD MOBILITY UK LIMITED
 

 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025

2.Accounting policies (continued)

 
2.9

Pensions

Defined contribution pension plan

The Company operates a defined contribution plan for its employees. A defined contribution plan is a pension plan under which the Company pays fixed contributions into a separate entity. Once the contributions have been paid the Company has no further payment obligations.

The contributions are recognised as an expense in profit or loss when they fall due. Amounts not paid are shown in accruals as a liability in the Statement of Financial Position. The assets of the plan are held separately from the Company in independently administered funds.

 
2.10

Current and deferred taxation

The tax expense for the year comprises current and deferred tax. Tax is recognised in profit or loss except that a charge attributable to an item of income and expense recognised as other comprehensive income or to an item recognised directly in equity is also recognised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity respectively.

The current income tax charge is calculated on the basis of tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the reporting date in the countries where the Company operates and generates income.

Deferred tax balances are recognised in respect of all timing differences that have originated but not reversed by the reporting date, except that:
∙The recognition of deferred tax assets is limited to the extent that it is probable that they will be recovered against the reversal of deferred tax liabilities or other future taxable profits; and
∙Any deferred tax balances are reversed if and when all conditions for retaining associated tax allowances have been met.

Deferred tax balances are not recognised in respect of permanent differences except in respect of business combinations, when deferred tax is recognised on the differences between the fair values of assets acquired and the future tax deductions available for them and the differences between the fair values of liabilities acquired and the amount that will be assessed for tax. Deferred tax is determined using tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the reporting date.


 
2.11

Exceptional items

Exceptional items are transactions that fall within the ordinary activities of the Company but are presented separately due to their size or incidence.

Page 13

 
FOD MOBILITY UK LIMITED
 

 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025

2.Accounting policies (continued)

 
2.12

Intangible assets

Intangible assets are initially recognised at cost. After recognition, under the cost model, intangible assets are measured at cost less any accumulated amortisation and any accumulated impairment losses.

Development costs are capitalised when they are expected to generate probable future economic benefits and the associated expenditure can be measured reliably. Capitalised development costs are stated at cost less accumulated amortisation and impairment. Amortisation is charged on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful economic life of the asset from the date it is available for use.

All intangible assets are considered to have a finite useful life. If a reliable estimate of the useful life cannot be made, the useful life shall not exceed ten years.

 Amortisation is provided on the following bases:

Development expenditure
-
10%
straight line

 
2.13

Tangible fixed assets

Tangible fixed assets under the cost model are stated at historical cost less accumulated depreciation and any accumulated impairment losses. Historical cost includes expenditure that is directly attributable to bringing the asset to the location and condition necessary for it to be capable of operating in the manner intended by management.

Depreciation is charged so as to allocate the cost of assets less their residual value over their estimated useful lives, using the straight-line method.

Depreciation is provided on the following basis:

Fixtures and fittings
-
25%
straight line
Office Equipment
-
33%
straight line

The assets' residual values, useful lives and depreciation methods are reviewed, and adjusted prospectively if appropriate, or if there is an indication of a significant change since the last reporting date.

Gains and losses on disposals are determined by comparing the proceeds with the carrying amount and are recognised in profit or loss.

 
2.14

Debtors

Short-term debtors are measured at transaction price, less any impairment. Loans receivable are measured initially at fair value, net of transaction costs, and are measured subsequently at amortised cost using the effective interest method, less any impairment.

 
2.15

Cash and cash equivalents

Cash is represented by cash in hand and deposits with financial institutions repayable without penalty on notice of not more than 24 hours. Cash equivalents are highly liquid investments that mature in no more than three months from the date of acquisition and that are readily convertible to known amounts of cash with insignificant risk of change in value.

Page 14

 
FOD MOBILITY UK LIMITED
 

 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025

2.Accounting policies (continued)

 
2.16

Creditors

Short-term creditors are measured at the transaction price. Other financial liabilities, including bank loans, are measured initially at fair value, net of transaction costs, and are measured subsequently at amortised cost using the effective interest method.

 
2.17

Provisions for liabilities

Provisions are recognised when an event has taken place that gives rise to a legal or constructive obligation, a transfer of economic benefits is probable and a reliable estimate can be made.
Provisions are measured as the best estimate of the amount required to settle the obligation, taking into account the related risks and uncertainties.
 
Increases in provisions are generally charged as an expense to profit or loss.

 
2.18

Financial instruments

The Company has elected to apply the provisions of Section 11 “Basic Financial Instruments” of FRS 102 to all of its financial instruments.

Financial instruments are recognised in the Company's Statement of Financial Position when the Company becomes party to the contractual provisions of the instrument.

Financial assets and liabilities are offset, with the net amounts presented in the financial statements, when there is a legally enforceable right to set off the recognised amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis or to realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.

Basic financial assets

Basic financial assets, which include trade and other debtors, cash and bank balances, are initially measured at their transaction price (adjusted for transaction costs except in the initial measurement of financial assets that are subsequently measured at fair value through profit and loss) and are subsequently carried at their amortised cost using the effective interest method, less any provision for impairment, unless the arrangement constitutes a financing transaction, where the transaction is measured at the present value of the future receipts discounted at a market rate of interest.

Discounting is omitted where the effect of discounting is immaterial. The Company's cash and cash equivalents, trade and most other debtors due with the operating cycle fall into this category of financial instruments.

Impairment of financial assets

At the end of each reporting period financial assets measured at amortised cost are assessed for objective evidence of impairment. If an asset is impaired the impairment loss is the difference between the carrying amount and the present value of the estimated cash flows discounted at the asset’s original effective interest rate. The impairment loss is recognised in profit or loss. 

Financial assets are impaired when events, subsequent to their initial recognition, indicate the estimated future cash flows derived from the financial asset(s) have been adversely impacted. The impairment loss will be the difference between the current carrying amount and the present value of the future cash flows at the asset(s) original effective interest rate.

If there is a favourable change in relation to the events surrounding the impairment loss then the impairment can be reviewed for possible reversal. The reversal will not cause the current carrying amount to exceed the original carrying amount had the impairment not been recognised. The impairment reversal is recognised in the profit or loss.
Page 15

 
FOD MOBILITY UK LIMITED
 

 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025

2.Accounting policies (continued)


2.18
Financial instruments (continued)


Basic financial liabilities

Financial liabilities and equity instruments are classified according to the substance of the contractual arrangements entered into. An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of the Company after the deduction of all its liabilities.

Basic financial liabilities, which include trade and other creditors, bank loans and other loans are initially measured at their transaction price (adjusting for transaction costs except in the initial measurement of financial liabilities that are subsequently measured at fair value through profit and loss). When this constitutes a financing transaction, whereby the debt instrument is measured at the present value of the future payments discounted at a market rate of interest, discounting is omitted where the effect of discounting is immaterial.

Debt instruments are subsequently carried at their amortised cost using the effective interest rate method.

Trade creditors are obligations to pay for goods and services that have been acquired in the ordinary course of business from suppliers. Trade creditors are classified as current liabilities if the payment is due within one year. If not, they represent non-current liabilities. Trade creditors are initially recognised at their transaction price and subsequently are measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method. Discounting is omitted where the effect of discounting is immaterial.

Derecognition of financial instruments

Derecognition of financial assets

Financial assets are derecognised when their contractual right to future cash flow expire, or are settled, or when the Company transfers the asset and substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership to another party. If significant risks and rewards of ownership are retained after the transfer to another party, then the Company will continue to recognise the value of the portion of the risks and rewards retained.

Derecognition of financial liabilities

Financial liabilities are derecognised when the Company's contractual obligations expire or are discharged or cancelled.

 
2.19

Dividends

Equity dividends are recognised when they become legally payable. Interim equity dividends are recognised when paid. Final equity dividends are recognised when approved by the shareholders at an annual general meeting.

Page 16

 
FOD MOBILITY UK LIMITED
 

 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025

3.


Judgements in applying accounting policies and key sources of estimation uncertainty

The preparation of financial statements, in conformity with FRS102, requires management to make judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the application of policies and reported amounts of assets and liabilities, income and expenses. The estimates, and associated assumptions, are based on historical experience and various other factors that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis of making the judgements about carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised in the period in which the estimate is revised if the revision affects only that period, or in the period of the revision and future periods if the revision affects both current and future periods.

The Directors consider that the key judgements and sources of estimation made in preparation of the financial statements are:

Amortisation of intangible fixed assets
The annual amortisation charge for intangible fixed assets is sensitive to changes in the estimated useful economic lives and residual values of the assets. The useful economic lives and residual values are reassessed annually. The carrying value and accumulated amortisation of intangible fixed assets is set out in note 13 of the financial statements.

Recoverability of trade and other debtors
The Company makes an estimate of recoverable value of trade and other debtors. When assessing impairment of trade and other debtors, management considers factors including the credit rating of the debtors, the ageing profile of debtors and historical experience. The carrying amount of trade and other debtors and the associated provision is given in note 15.


4.


Turnover

An analysis of turnover by class of business is as follows:


2025
2024
£
£

Rendering of services
11,417,486
16,282,303

11,417,486
16,282,303


All turnover arose within the United Kingdom.

Page 17

 
FOD MOBILITY UK LIMITED
 

 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025

5.


Operating profit/(loss)

The operating profit/(loss) is stated after charging:

2025
2024
£
£

Amortisation of intangible assets
1,194,599
1,106,231

Depreciation of tangible fixed assets
41,181
70,583

Profit on disposal of tangible fixed assets
27
74

Impairment of debtors
35,500
60,142

Research and development expenditure capitalisation
(667,774)
(1,587,359)

Foreign exchange differences
-
1,686


6.


Auditors' remuneration

During the year, the Company obtained the following services from the Company's auditors:


2025
2024
£
£

Fees payable to the Company's auditors for the audit of the Company's financial statements
28,850
26,950


7.


Employees

Staff costs were as follows:


2025
2024
£
£

Wages and salaries
2,346,819
2,956,814

Social security costs
267,080
334,231

Cost of defined contribution scheme
124,308
148,258

2,738,207
3,439,303


Page 18

 
FOD MOBILITY UK LIMITED
 

 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025

7.Employees (continued)

The average monthly number of employees, including the directors, during the year was as follows:


        2025
    Restated 2024
            No.
            No.







Administrative
15
15



Management
5
4



Finance
4
5



IT & development
18
37

42
61

During the year, management re-evaluated the classification of certain employees to better reflect their roles. Accordingly, the prior year comparative information has been restated for consistency.


8.


Directors' remuneration

2025
2024
£
£
Directors' emoluments

650,530

770,515
 
Company contributions to defined contribution pension schemes

46,391

46,789
 
696,921

817,304
 

During the year retirement benefits were accruing to 4 directors (2024 - 4) in respect of defined contribution pension schemes.
The highest paid director received remuneration of £209,869 (2024 - £209,869)
The value of the Company's contributions paid to a defined contribution pension scheme in respect of the highest paid director amounted to £Nil (2024 - £3,351).

Page 19

 
FOD MOBILITY UK LIMITED
 

 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025

9.


Taxation


2025
2024
£
£



Total current tax
-
-

Deferred tax


Origination and reversal of timing differences
(183,020)
(268,595)

Total deferred tax
(183,020)
(268,595)


Profit/(loss) after tax
(183,020)
(268,595)

Factors affecting tax charge for the year

The tax assessed for the year is higher than (2024 - higher than) the standard rate of corporation tax in the UK of 25% (2024 - 25%). The differences are explained below:

2025
2024
£
£


Profit/(loss) on ordinary activities before tax
4,029,602
(570,067)


Profit/(loss) on ordinary activities multiplied by standard rate of corporation tax in the UK of 25% (2024 - 25%)
1,007,401
(142,517)

Effects of:


Expenses not deductible for tax purposes, other than goodwill amortisation and impairment
44,437
90,514

Capital allowances for year in excess of depreciation
3,987
965

Write off of connected party loan
(1,060,072)
-

Adjustments to brought forward values
-
(15,000)

Adjustments to tax charge in respect of prior periods - deferred tax
83,393
-

Movement in deferred tax not recognised
-
(460)

Group relief claimed
(262,166)
(202,097)

Total tax charge for the year
(183,020)
(268,595)



There were no factors that may affect future tax charges.

Page 20

 
FOD MOBILITY UK LIMITED
 

 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025

10.


Dividends

2025
2024
£
£


Dividends paid during the year
4,239,041
-

4,239,041
-

Dividends in the year were paid to the Company's parent undertaking, FOD Mobility Group Limited.


11.


Exceptional items

2025
2024
£
£


Exceptional items
-
527,252

Write down of intercompany creditor balances
(4,241,242)
-

(4,241,242)
527,252

The above items have been classified as exceptional due to their non-recurring nature.

The prior year costs related to a redundancy scheme.

The current year credits relate to the write down of intercompany creditor balances.

Page 21

 
FOD MOBILITY UK LIMITED
 

 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025

12.


Intangible assets




Development expenditure

£



Cost


At 1 January 2025
11,581,557


Additions
667,774



At 31 December 2025

12,249,331



Amortisation


At 1 January 2025
3,709,211


Charge for the year on owned assets
1,194,599



At 31 December 2025

4,903,810



Net book value



At 31 December 2025
7,345,521



At 31 December 2024
7,872,346



Page 22

 
FOD MOBILITY UK LIMITED
 

 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025

13.


Tangible fixed assets


Fixtures and fittings
Office equipment
Total

£
£
£



Cost 


At 1 January 2025
119,765
263,139
382,904


Additions
4,459
2,064
6,523


Disposals
-
(51,665)
(51,665)



At 31 December 2025

124,224
213,538
337,762



Depreciation


At 1 January 2025
72,695
249,259
321,954


Charge for the year on owned assets
29,726
11,455
41,181


Disposals
-
(52,240)
(52,240)



At 31 December 2025

102,421
208,474
310,895



Net book value



At 31 December 2025
21,803
5,064
26,867



At 31 December 2024
47,070
13,880
60,950


14.


Debtors

2025
2024
£
£


Trade debtors
2,224,111
2,007,393

Amounts owed by group undertakings
1,910,245
5,843,295

Prepayments and accrued income
327,384
447,710

Other debtors
19,545
8,630

Corporation tax repayable
433
434

Directors loan account
4,516
4,516

4,486,234
8,311,978


Page 23

 
FOD MOBILITY UK LIMITED
 

 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025

15.


Cash and cash equivalents

2025
2024
£
£

Cash at bank and in hand
1,238
1,298

Less: Bank overdrafts
(809,308)
(656,059)

(808,070)
(654,761)



16.


Creditors: Amounts falling due within one year

2025
2024
£
£

Bank overdrafts
809,308
656,059

Trade creditors
1,424,383
1,446,668

Amounts owed to group undertakings
1,914,277
4,559,688

Accruals and deferred income
1,150,412
2,807,420

Other taxation and social security
364,862
356,376

Other creditors
53,279
67,584

5,716,521
9,893,795


Amounts due to group undertakings are interest free and repayable on demand.

The following liabilities were secured:

2025
2024
£
£



Bank overdrafts
809,308
656,059

809,308
656,059

There is an Unlimited Multilateral Guarantee dated 27 July 2021 given by FOD Mobility Group Limited, FOD Mobility Group Services Limited, FOD Mobility Technologies Limited and FOD Mobility UK Limited.



Page 24

 
FOD MOBILITY UK LIMITED
 

 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025

17.


Deferred taxation




2025


£






At beginning of year
(1,606,665)


Charged to profit or loss
183,020



At end of year
(1,423,645)

The provision for deferred taxation is made up as follows:

2025
2024
£
£


Accelerated capital allowances
(1,606,665)
(1,624,427)

Short term timing differences
183,020
17,762

(1,423,645)
(1,606,665)


18.


Share capital

2025
2024
£
£
Allotted, called up and fully paid



170,000 (2024 - 170,000) Ordinary shares of £1.00 each
170,000
170,000



19.


Reserves

Profit and loss account

This reserve represents cumulative profits and losses, net of dividends paid, available for distribution to shareholders.


20.


Pension commitments

The Company operates a defined contributions pension scheme. The assets of the scheme are held separately from those of the Company in an independently administered fund. The pension cost charge represents contributions payable by the Company  to the fund and amounted to £124,308 (2024 - £148,258). Contributions totalling £12,611 (2024 - £21,256) were payable to the fund at the reporting date and are included in creditors.

Page 25

 
FOD MOBILITY UK LIMITED
 

 
NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025

21.


Commitments under operating leases

At 31 December 2025 the Company had future minimum lease payments due under non-cancellable operating leases for each of the following periods:

2025
2024
£
£


Not later than 1 year
103,774
109,247

Later than 1 year and not later than 5 years
415,096
311,322

Later than 5 years
129,718
337,266

648,588
757,835


22.


Transactions with directors

During the year the director received advances of £Nil (2024: £1,851) and repaid £Nil (2024: £Nil) to the company.


23.


Related party transactions

The company has taken advantage of the exemption contained in Section 33 of FRS 102 'Related Party Disclosures' to not disclose transactions and balances with wholly owned members of the group.


24.


Controlling party

The company's parent undertaking is FOD Mobility Group Limited, a company whose registered office is 3rd Floor, The Waterfront Building, Salts Mill Road, Shipley, BD17 7EZ and whose principal place of business is the same address.

The ultimate controlling party is Mr J P Whitston as the majority shareholder of FOD Mobility Group Limited.

Page 26