Company registration number 01489084 (England and Wales)
NORDIC PHARMA LIMITED
ANNUAL REPORT AND CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
NORDIC PHARMA LIMITED
COMPANY INFORMATION
Directors
C Phelps
G Clark
Secretary
B Stephens
Company number
01489084
Registered office
Building 1410 Arlington Business Park
Theale
Reading
England
RG7 4SA
Auditor
Kirk Rice LLP
The Courtyard
High Street
Ascot
Berkshire
SL5 7HP
NORDIC PHARMA LIMITED
CONTENTS
Page
Strategic report
1 - 2
Directors' report
3 - 4
Independent auditor's report
5 - 7
Profit and loss account
8
Group statement of comprehensive income
9
Group balance sheet
10
Company balance sheet
11
Group statement of changes in equity
12
Company statement of changes in equity
13
Group statement of cash flows
14
Notes to the financial statements
15 - 30
NORDIC PHARMA LIMITED
STRATEGIC REPORT
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
- 1 -
The directors present the strategic report for the year ended 31 December 2025.
Review of the business
The principal activity of the group continued to be that of the supply of pharmaceutical products and medical devices. The results for the year and the financial position at the year end were considered satisfactory by the directors. During the year, the group recognised an exceptional gain of £2,713,725 related to the disposal of it's interest in Altacor Limited.
Financial review
The group’s primary financial and non-financial key performance indicators are as follows:
2025 2024 Movements
Turnover 16,113,211 19,624,379 -28.1%
Operating profit 1,286,680 1,704,810 -18.4%
Profit after tax 4,018,772 7,733,464 -46.7%
Net assets 10,934,891 13,513,723 -19.1%
The decrease in total group turnover is primarily due to the sale of Altacor Limited and the Clinitas products.
Turnover from continuing operations has increased to £14.0m (2024: £13.2m), gross profit increased to £6.8m (2024: £6.6m), and operating profit increased to £668,444(2024: -£84,482). This was driven by the sales generated from the launch of SMART STRAINS in 2025.
The decrease in profit after tax is also due to the sale of Altacor Limited outside of the Nordic Pharma UK Group. This has also driven the decrease in net asset position.
Principal risks and uncertainties
Product liability risk
Product liability risk is the risk that an entity sells dangerous or defective products. The group minimises product liability risk through its Good Distribution Practice policies, including regular self-inspections.
Liquidity risk
Liquidity risk is the risk that an entity will encounter difficulty in meeting obligations associated with financial liabilities. The group minimises liquidity risk by managing cash generation through its operations and focussing on credit control.
Credit risk
The company's principle financial assets are bank balances, and trade and other debtors. The company's credit risk is primarily attributable to trade debtors. Exposure to credit risk is mitigated through the application of credit controls and rigorous debt collection procedures.
Employees
Our employees play a key role in the achievement of our future business plans. We continue to monitor engagement and invest in growth and development opportunities.
Environment and sustainability
The Group is committed to achieving net zero emissions. During the year a carbon reduction plan was prepared. This can be found on our website: https://www.nordicpharma.co.uk/.
NORDIC PHARMA LIMITED
STRATEGIC REPORT (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
- 2 -
C Phelps
Director
18 September 2026
NORDIC PHARMA LIMITED
DIRECTORS' REPORT
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
- 3 -
The directors present their annual report and financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2025.
Principal activities
The principal activity of the company and group continued to be that of the sale and distribution of pharmaceutical products and medical devices.
Results and dividends
The results for the year are set out on page 8.
Ordinary dividends were paid amounting to £6,700,000. The directors do not recommend payment of a further dividend.
Directors
The directors who held office during the year and up to the date of signature of the financial statements were as follows:
C Phelps
G Clark
A Lofgren
(Resigned 19 May 2026)
Qualifying third party indemnity provisions
The company has made qualifying third party indemnity provisions for the benefit of its directors during the year. These provisions remain in force at the reporting date.
Statement of directors' responsibilities
The directors are responsible for preparing the Annual Report and the financial statements in accordance with applicable law and regulations.
Company law requires the directors to prepare financial statements for each financial year. Under that law the directors have elected to prepare the financial statements in accordance with United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice (United Kingdom Accounting Standards and applicable law). Under company law the directors must not approve the financial statements unless they are satisfied that they give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the group and company, and of the profit or loss of the group for that period. In preparing these financial statements, the directors are required to:
select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently;
make judgements and accounting estimates that are reasonable and prudent;
state whether applicable UK Accounting Standards have been followed, subject to any material departures disclosed and explained in the financial statements;
prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that the group and company will continue in business.
The directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that are sufficient to show and explain the group’s and company’s transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the group and company and enable them to ensure that the financial statements comply with the Companies Act 2006. They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the group and company and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities.
Statement of disclosure to auditor
So far as each person who was a director at the date of approving this report is aware, there is no relevant audit information of which the auditor of the company is unaware. Additionally, the directors individually have taken all the necessary steps that they ought to have taken as directors in order to make themselves aware of all relevant audit information and to establish that the auditor of the company is aware of that information.
NORDIC PHARMA LIMITED
DIRECTORS' REPORT (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
- 4 -
Medium-sized companies exemption
This report has been prepared in accordance with the provisions applicable to companies entitled to the medium-sized companies exemption.
On behalf of the board
C Phelps
Director
18 September 2026
NORDIC PHARMA LIMITED
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR'S REPORT
TO THE MEMBERS OF NORDIC PHARMA LIMITED
- 5 -
Opinion
We have audited the financial statements of Nordic Pharma Limited (the 'parent company') and its subsidiaries (the 'group') for the year ended 31 December 2025 which comprise the group profit and loss account, the group statement of comprehensive income, the group balance sheet, the company balance sheet, the group statement of changes in equity, the company statement of changes in equity, the group statement of cash flows and notes to the financial statements, including significant accounting policies. The financial reporting framework that has been applied in their preparation is applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards, including Financial Reporting Standard 102 The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice).
In our opinion the financial statements:
give a true and fair view of the state of the group's and the parent company's affairs as at 31 December 2025 and of the group's profit for the year then ended;
have been properly prepared in accordance with United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice; and
have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006.
We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and applicable law. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditor's responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements section of our report. We are independent of the group and parent company in accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in the UK, including the FRC’s Ethical Standard, and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.
Conclusions relating to going concern
In auditing the financial statements, we have concluded that the directors' use of the going concern basis of accounting in the preparation of the financial statements is appropriate.
Based on the work we have performed, we have not identified any material uncertainties relating to events or conditions that, individually or collectively, may cast significant doubt on the group's and parent company's ability to continue as a going concern for a period of at least twelve months from when the financial statements are authorised for issue.
Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of the directors with respect to going concern are described in the relevant sections of this report.
The other information comprises the information included in the annual report other than the financial statements and our auditor's report thereon. The directors are responsible for the other information contained within the annual report. Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and, except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in our report, we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon. Our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is materially inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the course of the audit, or otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If we identify such material inconsistencies or apparent material misstatements, we are required to determine whether this gives rise to a material misstatement in the financial statements themselves. If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact.
We have nothing to report in this regard.
Opinions on other matters prescribed by the Companies Act 2006
In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of our audit:
The information given in the strategic report and the directors' report for the financial year for which the financial statements are prepared is consistent with the financial statements; and
The strategic report and the directors' report have been prepared in accordance with applicable legal requirements.
NORDIC PHARMA LIMITED
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR'S REPORT (CONTINUED)
TO THE MEMBERS OF NORDIC PHARMA LIMITED
- 6 -
Matters on which we are required to report by exception
In the light of the knowledge and understanding of the group and the parent company and their environment obtained in the course of the audit, we have not identified material misstatements in the strategic report or the directors' report.
We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters in relation to which the Companies Act 2006 requires us to report to you if, in our opinion:
adequate accounting records have not been kept by the parent company, or returns adequate for our audit have not been received from branches not visited by us; or
the parent company financial statements are not in agreement with the accounting records and returns; or
certain disclosures of directors' remuneration specified by law are not made; or
we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit.
Responsibilities of directors
As explained more fully in the directors' responsibilities statement, the directors are responsible for the preparation of the financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair view, and for such internal control as the directors determine is necessary to enable the preparation of financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error. In preparing the financial statements, the directors are responsible for assessing the parent company's ability to continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of accounting unless the directors either intend to liquidate the parent company or to cease operations, or have no realistic alternative but to do so.
Auditor's responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor's report that includes our opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements.
The extent to which our procedures are capable of detecting irregularities, including fraud, is detailed below.
Our audit approach was developed by obtaining an understanding of the company’s activities, the key functions undertaken on behalf of the Board by management and by service organisations, and the overall control environment. Based on this understanding we assessed those aspects of the company’s transactions and balances which were most likely to give rise to a material misstatement and were most susceptible to irregularities including fraud or error. Specifically, we identified what we considered to be key audit risks and planned our audit approach accordingly.
We gained an understanding of the legal and regulatory framework applicable to the company and the industry in which it operates, and considered the risk of acts by the company which were contrary to applicable laws and regulations, including fraud.
We focused on laws and regulations which could give rise to a material misstatement in the financial statements, including, but not limited to, the regulations of the Medicines & Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA). We also considered those laws and regulations that have a direct impact on the preparation of the financial statements such as the Companies Act 2006, FRS 102 and UK tax legislation.
Our tests included, but were not limited to:
Agreement of the financial statement disclosures to underlying supporting documentation;
Reviews of tax computations and returns;
Enquiries of management and compliance personnel;
Reviews of correspondence and compliance reports issued by the MHRA and relevant regulatory bodies; and
Considering the effectiveness of the control environment in monitoring compliance with laws and regulations
NORDIC PHARMA LIMITED
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR'S REPORT (CONTINUED)
TO THE MEMBERS OF NORDIC PHARMA LIMITED
- 7 -
There are inherent limitations in the audit procedures described above and the further removed non-compliance with laws and regulations is from the events and transactions reflected in the financial statements, the less likely we would become aware of it. As in all of our audits we also addressed the risk of management override of internal controls, including testing journals and evaluating whether there was evidence of bias by the directors that represented a risk of material misstatement due to fraud.
A further description of our responsibilities is available on the Financial Reporting Council’s website at: https://www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities. This description forms part of our auditor's report.
This report is made solely to the parent company’s members, as a body, in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of the Companies Act 2006. Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the parent company’s members those matters we are required to state to them in an auditor's report and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other than the parent company and the parent company’s members as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we have formed.
Andrew Beet (Senior Statutory Auditor)
For and on behalf of Kirk Rice LLP, Statutory Auditor
The Courtyard
High Street
Ascot
Berkshire
SL5 7HP
22 September 2026
NORDIC PHARMA LIMITED
GROUP PROFIT AND LOSS ACCOUNT
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
- 8 -
Continuing
Discontinued
31 December
Continuing
Discontinued
31 December
operations
operations
2025
operations
operations
2024
Notes
£
£
£
£
£
£
Turnover
3
14,075,098
2,038,113
16,113,211
13,280,719
6,343,660
19,624,379
Cost of sales
(7,206,232)
(1,281,818)
(8,488,050)
(6,679,992)
(4,242,085)
(10,922,077)
Gross profit
6,868,866
756,295
7,625,161
6,600,727
2,101,575
8,702,302
Distribution costs
-
(46,509)
(46,509)
-
(195,412)
(195,412)
Administrative expenses
(6,200,422)
(91,550)
(6,291,972)
(6,685,209)
(116,871)
(6,802,080)
Operating profit
4
668,444
618,236
1,286,680
(84,482)
1,789,292
1,704,810
Interest receivable and similar income
7
130,574
-
130,574
162,412
9,234
171,646
Interest payable and similar expenses
8
(12,817)
-
(12,817)
(63,512)
-
(63,512)
- Profit/(loss) on disposal of operations
-
2,713,725
2,713,725
4,597,157
-
4,597,157
Profit before taxation
786,201
3,331,961
4,118,162
4,611,575
1,798,526
6,410,101
Tax on profit
10
(99,390)
-
(99,390)
(21,115)
1,344,478
1,323,363
Profit for the financial year
686,811
3,331,961
4,018,772
4,590,460
3,143,004
7,733,464
Profit for the financial year is all attributable to the owners of the parent company.
NORDIC PHARMA LIMITED
GROUP STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
- 9 -
2025
2024
£
£
Profit for the year
4,018,772
7,733,464
Other comprehensive income
Currency translation gain/(loss) taken to retained earnings
615
(734)
Total comprehensive income for the year
4,019,387
7,732,730
Total comprehensive income for the year is all attributable to the owners of the parent company.
NORDIC PHARMA LIMITED
GROUP BALANCE SHEET
AS AT
31 DECEMBER 2025
31 December 2025
- 10 -
2025
2024
Notes
£
£
£
£
Fixed assets
Intangible assets
13
1,267,320
1,774,246
Current assets
Stocks
17
4,332,797
4,799,260
Debtors
18
5,861,394
6,056,462
Cash at bank and in hand
3,627,120
5,170,553
13,821,311
16,026,275
Creditors: amounts falling due within one year
19
(4,255,521)
(2,977,830)
Net current assets
9,565,790
13,048,445
Total assets less current liabilities
10,833,110
14,822,691
Creditors: amounts falling due after more than one year
20
-
(1,095,968)
Provisions for liabilities
Provisions
213,000
-
(213,000)
Net assets
10,833,110
13,513,723
Capital and reserves
Called up share capital
23
200,000
200,000
Other reserves
2,603,290
2,603,290
Profit and loss reserves
8,029,820
10,710,433
Total equity
10,833,110
13,513,723
These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the provisions relating to medium-sized groups.
The financial statements were approved by the board of directors and authorised for issue on 18 September 2026 and are signed on its behalf by:
18 September 2026
C Phelps
Director
Company registration number 01489084 (England and Wales)
NORDIC PHARMA LIMITED
COMPANY BALANCE SHEET
AS AT 31 DECEMBER 2025
31 December 2025
- 11 -
2025
2024
Notes
£
£
£
£
Fixed assets
Intangible assets
13
1,267,320
1,774,246
Investments
14
1,047,275
1,947,249
2,314,595
3,721,495
Current assets
Stocks
17
4,332,797
3,035,143
Debtors
18
5,810,355
2,747,109
Cash at bank and in hand
3,482,014
4,843,858
13,625,166
10,626,110
Creditors: amounts falling due within one year
19
(4,147,083)
(11,025,924)
Net current assets/(liabilities)
9,478,083
(399,814)
Total assets less current liabilities
11,792,678
3,321,681
Creditors: amounts falling due after more than one year
20
-
(1,095,968)
Net assets
11,792,678
2,225,713
Capital and reserves
Called up share capital
23
200,000
200,000
Other reserves
2,603,290
2,603,290
Profit and loss reserves
8,989,388
(577,577)
Total equity
11,792,678
2,225,713
As permitted by section 408 of the Companies Act 2006, the company has not presented its own profit and loss account and related notes. The company’s profit for the year was £16,266,965 (2024 - £409,583 loss).
These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the provisions applicable to companies subject to the small companies regime.
The financial statements were approved by the board of directors and authorised for issue on 18 September 2026 and are signed on its behalf by:
18 September 2026
C Phelps
Director
Company registration number 01489084 (England and Wales)
NORDIC PHARMA LIMITED
GROUP STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
- 12 -
Share capital
Capital redemption reserve
Profit and loss reserves
Total
Notes
£
£
£
£
Balance at 1 January 2024
200,000
1,925,258
3,654,734
5,779,992
Year ended 31 December 2024:
Profit for the year
-
-
7,733,464
7,733,464
Other comprehensive income:
Currency translation differences
-
-
(734)
(734)
Total comprehensive income
-
-
7,732,730
7,732,730
Dividends
12
-
-
(2,602,290)
(2,602,290)
Transfers
-
2,603,290
-
2,603,290
Other movements
-
(1,925,258)
1,925,258
-
Balance at 31 December 2024
200,000
2,603,290
10,710,433
13,513,723
Year ended 31 December 2025:
Profit for the year
-
-
4,018,772
4,018,772
Other comprehensive income:
Currency translation differences
-
-
615
615
Total comprehensive income
-
-
4,019,387
4,019,387
Dividends
12
-
-
(6,700,000)
(6,700,000)
Balance at 31 December 2025
200,000
2,603,290
8,029,820
10,833,110
NORDIC PHARMA LIMITED
COMPANY STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
- 13 -
Share capital
Capital redemption reserve
Profit and loss reserves
Total
Notes
£
£
£
£
Balance at 1 January 2024
200,000
-
(167,993)
32,007
Year ended 31 December 2024:
Loss and total comprehensive income for the year
-
-
(409,584)
(409,584)
Transfers
-
2,603,290
-
2,603,290
Balance at 31 December 2024
200,000
2,603,290
(577,577)
2,225,713
Year ended 31 December 2025:
Profit and total comprehensive income
-
-
16,266,965
16,266,965
Dividends
12
-
-
(6,700,000)
(6,700,000)
Balance at 31 December 2025
200,000
2,603,290
8,989,388
11,792,678
NORDIC PHARMA LIMITED
GROUP STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
- 14 -
2025
2024
Notes
£
£
£
£
Cash flows from operating activities
Cash absorbed by operations
28
(2,866,161)
(877,785)
Interest paid
(12,817)
(84,272)
Net cash outflow from operating activities
(2,878,978)
(962,057)
Investing activities
Proceeds from disposal of business
8,100,351
-
Proceeds from disposal of subsidiaries, net of cash disposed
899,974
-
Proceeds from disposal of investments
-
5,783,376
Interest received
130,573
171,646
Net cash generated from investing activities
9,130,898
5,955,022
Financing activities
Repayment of borrowings
(1,095,968)
-
Dividends paid to equity shareholders
(6,700,000)
-
Net cash used in financing activities
(7,795,968)
-
Net (decrease)/increase in cash and cash equivalents
(1,544,048)
4,992,965
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year
5,170,553
178,322
Effect of foreign exchange rates
615
(734)
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year
3,627,120
5,170,553
NORDIC PHARMA LIMITED
NOTES TO THE GROUP FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
- 15 -
1
Accounting policies
Company information
Nordic Pharma Limited (“the company”) is a private limited company domiciled and incorporated in England and Wales. The registered office is Building 1410 Arlington Business Park, Theale, Reading, England, RG7 4SA.
The group consists of Nordic Pharma Limited and all of its subsidiaries.
1.1
Basis of preparation
These financial statements have been prepared in accordance with FRS 102 “The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland” (“FRS 102”) and the requirements of the Companies Act 2006.
The financial statements are prepared in sterling, which is the functional currency of the company. Monetary amounts in these financial statements are rounded to the nearest £.
The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention. The principal accounting policies adopted are set out below.
The company is a qualifying entity for the purposes of FRS 102, being a member of a group where the parent of that group prepares publicly available consolidated financial statements, including this company, which are intended to give a true and fair view of the assets, liabilities, financial position and profit or loss of the group. The company has therefore taken advantage of exemptions from the following disclosure requirements for parent company information presented within the consolidated financial statements:
Section 7 ‘Statement of Cash Flows’: Presentation of a statement of cash flow and related notes and disclosures;
Section 11 ‘Basic Financial Instruments’ and Section 12 ‘Other Financial Instrument Issues: Interest income/expense and net gains/losses for financial instruments not measured at fair value; basis of determining fair values; details of collateral, loan defaults or breaches, details of hedges, hedging fair value changes recognised in profit or loss and in other comprehensive income;
Section 26 ‘Share based Payment’: Share-based payment expense charged to profit or loss, reconciliation of opening and closing number and weighted average exercise price of share options, how the fair value of options granted was measured, measurement and carrying amount of liabilities for cash-settled share-based payments, explanation of modifications to arrangements;
Section 33 ‘Related Party Disclosures’: Compensation for key management personnel.
1.2
Business combinations
In the parent company financial statements, the cost of a business combination is the fair value at the acquisition date of the assets given, equity instruments issued and liabilities incurred or assumed, plus costs directly attributable to the business combination. The excess of the cost of a business combination over the fair value of the identifiable assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities acquired is recognised as goodwill. The cost of the combination includes the estimated amount of contingent consideration that is probable and can be measured reliably, and is adjusted for changes in contingent consideration after the acquisition date. Provisional fair values recognised for business combinations in previous periods are adjusted retrospectively for final fair values determined in the 12 months following the acquisition date. Investments in subsidiaries, joint ventures and associates are accounted for at cost less impairment.
Deferred tax is recognised on differences between the value of assets (other than goodwill) and liabilities recognised in a business combination accounted for using the purchase method and the amounts that can be deducted or assessed for tax, considering the manner in which the carrying amount of the asset or liability is expected to be recovered or settled. The deferred tax recognised is adjusted against goodwill or negative goodwill.
NORDIC PHARMA LIMITED
NOTES TO THE GROUP FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
1
Accounting policies
(Continued)
- 16 -
1.3
Basis of consolidation
The consolidated group financial statements consist of the financial statements of the parent company Nordic Pharma Limited together with all entities controlled by the parent company (its subsidiaries) and the group’s share of its interests in joint ventures and associates.
All financial statements are made up to 31 December 2025. Where necessary, adjustments are made to the financial statements of subsidiaries to bring the accounting policies used into line with those used by other members of the group.
All intra-group transactions, balances and unrealised gains on transactions between group companies are eliminated on consolidation. Unrealised losses are also eliminated unless the transaction provides evidence of an impairment of the asset transferred.
Subsidiaries are consolidated in the group’s financial statements from the date that control commences until the date that control ceases.
1.4
Going concern
The groups business activities, together with the factors likely to affect its future development, performance and position, are set out in the Strategic Report. The directors have a reasonable expectation that the company has adequate resources to continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future. Thus, they continue to adopt the going concern basis of accounting in preparing the annual financial statements.
1.5
Turnover
Turnover is recognised at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable for goods and services provided in the normal course of business, and is shown net of VAT and other sales related taxes. The fair value of consideration takes into account trade discounts, settlement discounts and volume rebates.
When cash inflows are deferred and represent a financing arrangement, the fair value of the consideration is the present value of the future receipts. The difference between the fair value of the consideration and the nominal amount received is recognised as interest income.
Revenue from the sale of goods is recognised when the significant risks and rewards of ownership of the goods have passed to the buyer (usually on dispatch of the goods), the amount of revenue can be measured reliably, it is probable that the economic benefits associated with the transaction will flow to the entity and the costs incurred or to be incurred in respect of the transaction can be measured reliably.
Royalty income is recognised on an accruals basis in accordance with the substance of the relevant agreement. Revenue from royalties based on a percentage of sales of products is recognised when the underlying sales of the product have occurred, provided it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the entity and the amount can be reliably measured.
1.6
Research and development expenditure
Expenditure on research activities is recognised as an expense in the period in which it is incurred. Development expenditure is also recognised as an expense in the period in which it is incurred, as the criteria for capitalisation are not met.
1.7
Intangible fixed assets other than goodwill
Intangible assets acquired separately from a business are recognised at cost and are subsequently measured at cost less accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses.
Intangible assets acquired on business combinations are recognised separately from goodwill at the acquisition date where it is probable that the expected future economic benefits that are attributable to the asset will flow to the entity and the fair value of the asset can be measured reliably; the intangible asset arises from contractual or other legal rights; and the intangible asset is separable from the entity.
NORDIC PHARMA LIMITED
NOTES TO THE GROUP FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
1
Accounting policies
(Continued)
- 17 -
Amortisation is recognised so as to write off the cost or valuation of assets less their residual values over their useful lives on the following bases:
Product licence
4 years straight line
1.8
Fixed asset investments
Equity investments are measured at fair value through profit or loss, except for those equity investments that are not publicly traded and whose fair value cannot otherwise be measured reliably, which are recognised at cost less impairment until a reliable measure of fair value becomes available.
In the parent company financial statements, investments in subsidiaries, associates and jointly controlled entities are initially measured at cost and subsequently measured at cost less any accumulated impairment losses.
A subsidiary is an entity controlled by the group. Control is the power to govern the financial and operating policies of the entity so as to obtain benefits from its activities.
1.9
Impairment of fixed assets
At each reporting period end date, the group reviews the carrying amounts of its tangible and intangible assets to determine whether there is any indication that those assets have suffered an impairment loss. If any such indication exists, the recoverable amount of the asset is estimated in order to determine the extent of the impairment loss (if any). Where it is not possible to estimate the recoverable amount of an individual asset, the company estimates the recoverable amount of the cash-generating unit to which the asset belongs.
The carrying amount of the investments accounted for using the equity method is tested for impairment as a single asset. Any goodwill included in the carrying amount of the investment is not tested separately for impairment.
Recoverable amount is the higher of fair value less costs to sell and value in use. In assessing value in use, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the asset for which the estimates of future cash flows have not been adjusted.
If the recoverable amount of an asset (or cash-generating unit) is estimated to be less than its carrying amount, the carrying amount of the asset (or cash-generating unit) is reduced to its recoverable amount. An impairment loss is recognised immediately in profit or loss, unless the relevant asset is carried at a revalued amount, in which case the impairment loss is treated as a revaluation decrease.
Recognised impairment losses are reversed if, and only if, the reasons for the impairment loss have ceased to apply. Where an impairment loss subsequently reverses, the carrying amount of the asset (or cash-generating unit) is increased to the revised estimate of its recoverable amount, but so that the increased carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined had no impairment loss been recognised for the asset (or cash-generating unit) in prior years. A reversal of an impairment loss is recognised immediately in profit or loss, unless the relevant asset is carried at a revalued amount, in which case the reversal of the impairment loss is treated as a revaluation increase.
1.10
Stocks
Stocks are stated at the lower of cost and estimated selling price less costs to complete and sell. Cost comprises direct materials and, where applicable, direct labour costs and those overheads that have been incurred in bringing the stocks to their present location and condition.
Stocks held for distribution at no or nominal consideration are measured at the lower of cost and replacement cost, adjusted where applicable for any loss of service potential.
NORDIC PHARMA LIMITED
NOTES TO THE GROUP FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
1
Accounting policies
(Continued)
- 18 -
At each reporting date, an assessment is made for impairment. Any excess of the carrying amount of stocks over its estimated selling price less costs to complete and sell is recognised as an impairment loss in profit or loss. Reversals of impairment losses are also recognised in profit or loss.
1.11
Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents are basic financial assets and include cash in hand, deposits held at call with banks, other short-term liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less, and bank overdrafts. Bank overdrafts are shown within borrowings in current liabilities.
1.12
Financial instruments
Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognised when the company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the financial instrument.
Basic financial assets
Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognised when the company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the financial instrument.
Derecognition of financial assets
Financial assets are derecognised only when the contractual rights to the cash flows from the asset expire or are settled, or when the group transfers the financial asset and substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership to another entity, or if some significant risks and rewards of ownership are retained but control of the asset has transferred to another party that is able to sell the asset in its entirety to an unrelated third party.
Classification of financial liabilities
Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognised when the company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the financial instrument.
1.13
Equity instruments
Equity instruments issued by the group are recorded at the proceeds received, net of transaction costs. Dividends payable on equity instruments are recognised as liabilities once they are no longer at the discretion of the group.
1.14
Taxation
The tax expense represents the sum of the tax currently payable and deferred tax.
Current tax
The tax currently payable is based on taxable profit for the year. Taxable profit differs from net profit as reported in the profit and loss account because it excludes items of income or expense that are taxable or deductible in other years and it further excludes items that are never taxable or deductible. The group’s liability for current tax is calculated using tax rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the reporting end date.
NORDIC PHARMA LIMITED
NOTES TO THE GROUP FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
1
Accounting policies
(Continued)
- 19 -
Deferred tax
Deferred tax liabilities are generally recognised for all timing differences and deferred tax assets are recognised to the extent that it is probable that they will be recovered against the reversal of deferred tax liabilities or other future taxable profits. Such assets and liabilities are not recognised if the timing difference arises from goodwill or from the initial recognition of other assets and liabilities in a transaction that affects neither the tax profit nor the accounting profit.
The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at each reporting end date and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable profits will be available to allow all or part of the asset to be recovered. Deferred tax is calculated at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the period when the liability is settled or the asset is realised. Deferred tax is charged or credited in the profit and loss account, except when it relates to items charged or credited directly to equity, in which case the deferred tax is also dealt with in equity. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset if, and only if, there is a legally enforceable right to offset current tax assets and liabilities and the deferred tax assets and liabilities relate to taxes levied by the same tax authority.
1.15
Provisions
Provisions are recognised when the group has a legal or constructive present obligation as a result of a past event, it is probable that the group will be required to settle that obligation and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation.
The amount recognised as a provision is the best estimate of the consideration required to settle the present obligation at the reporting end date, taking into account the risks and uncertainties surrounding the obligation. Where the effect of the time value of money is material, the amount expected to be required to settle the obligation is recognised at present value. When a provision is measured at present value, the unwinding of the discount is recognised as a finance cost in profit or loss in the period in which it arises.
1.16
Employee benefits
The costs of short-term employee benefits are recognised as a liability and an expense, unless those costs are required to be recognised as part of the cost of stock or fixed assets.
1.17
Retirement benefits
Payments to defined contribution retirement benefit schemes are charged as an expense as they fall due.
1.18
Leases
Rentals payable under operating leases, including any lease incentives received, are charged to profit or loss on a straight line basis over the term of the relevant lease except where another more systematic basis is more representative of the time pattern in which economic benefits from the leased asset are consumed.
NORDIC PHARMA LIMITED
NOTES TO THE GROUP FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
- 20 -
2
Judgements and key sources of estimation uncertainty
In the application of the group’s accounting policies, the directors are required to make judgements, estimates and assumptions about the carrying amount of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. The estimates and associated assumptions are based on historical experience and other factors that are considered to be relevant. Actual results may differ from these estimates.
The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are recognised in the period in which the estimate is revised where the revision affects only that period, or in the period of the revision and future periods where the revision affects both current and future periods.
Critical judgements
The following judgements (apart from those involving estimates) have had the most significant effect on amounts recognised in the financial statements.
Measurement of deferred contingent consideration
The measurement of deferred consideration receivable requires management to make assumptions regarding the timing of future cash flows and the selection of an appropriate discount rate.
The company holds deferred contingent consideration receivable arising from the sale of Altacor Ltd. The significant observable inputs in the fair value measurement include a discount rate of 4%, and the probability of the achievement of tax compliance targets over a 4-year period.
Investment impairment (parent-only)
Management exercises judgement in assessing whether the value of Investments is impaired. This assessment requires consideration of forecast profitability and cash generation from subsidiary activity in determining the recoverable amount of the Investments. Based on these forecasts, no impairment has been recognised.
3
Turnover and other revenue
2025
2024
£
£
Turnover analysed by class of business
Sale of goods
15,524,666
19,037,717
Royalty income
588,545
586,662
16,113,211
19,624,379
2025
2024
£
£
Turnover analysed by geographical market
UK & Ireland
15,710,796
17,761,023
Europe
171,285
1,409,245
Rest of the World
231,130
454,111
16,113,211
19,624,379
NORDIC PHARMA LIMITED
NOTES TO THE GROUP FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
3
Turnover and other revenue
(Continued)
- 21 -
2025
2024
£
£
Other revenue
Interest income
130,467
171,646
Dividends received
107
-
4
Operating profit
2025
2024
£
£
Operating profit for the year is stated after charging:
Exchange losses
107,529
44,527
Research and development costs
498,679
813,390
Fees payable to the group's auditor for the audit of the group's financial statements
-
12,750
Amortisation of intangible assets
506,926
506,926
Operating lease charges
197,857
173,658
5
Employees
The average monthly number of persons (including directors) employed by the group and company during the year was:
Group
Company
2025
2024
2025
2024
Number
Number
Number
Number
Commercial
13
13
13
13
Finance
3
2
3
2
Functional Management
3
4
3
4
Medical
-
1
-
1
Other Support Functions
3
3
3
3
Quality and Regulatory
2
3
2
3
Supply
2
2
2
2
Total
26
28
26
28
NORDIC PHARMA LIMITED
NOTES TO THE GROUP FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
5
Employees
(Continued)
- 22 -
Their aggregate remuneration comprised:
Group
Company
2025
2024
2025
2024
£
£
£
£
Wages and salaries
1,658,306
1,920,293
1,609,776
1,920,293
Social security costs
223,747
242,732
218,022
242,732
Pension costs
242,067
271,507
239,411
271,507
2,124,120
2,434,532
2,067,209
2,434,532
6
Directors' remuneration
2025
2024
£
£
Remuneration for qualifying services
754,008
604,468
Company pension contributions to defined contribution schemes
68,621
60,695
822,629
665,163
The number of directors for whom retirement benefits are accruing under defined contribution schemes amounted to 2 (2024 - 2).
Remuneration disclosed above includes the following amounts paid to the highest paid director:
2025
2024
£
£
Remuneration for qualifying services
433,411
343,665
Company pension contributions to defined contribution schemes
45,675
39,375
7
Interest receivable and similar income
2025
2024
£
£
Interest income
Interest on bank deposits
130,467
171,646
Income from fixed asset investments
Income from shares in group undertakings
107
Total income
130,574
171,646
NORDIC PHARMA LIMITED
NOTES TO THE GROUP FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
- 23 -
8
Interest payable and similar expenses
2025
2024
£
£
Interest on bank overdrafts and loans
12,817
23,181
Finance costs for financial instruments measured at fair value through profit or loss
40,331
Total finance costs
12,817
63,512
9
Amounts written off investments
2025
2024
£
£
Fair value gains/(losses) on financial instruments
Amounts written back to/(written off) fair value through profit or loss
(20,760)
Other gains/(losses)
Gain on disposal of fixed asset investments
-
4,617,917
-
4,597,157
10
Taxation
2025
2024
£
£
Current tax
UK corporation tax on profits for the current period
99,390
21,115
Deferred tax
Origination and reversal of timing differences
(1,344,478)
Total tax charge/(credit)
99,390
(1,323,363)
Of the charge to current tax in relation to discontinued operations, £0 relates to tax on profits and £0 arose on disposal.
NORDIC PHARMA LIMITED
NOTES TO THE GROUP FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
10
Taxation
(Continued)
- 24 -
The actual charge/(credit) for the year can be reconciled to the expected charge for the year based on the profit or loss and the standard rate of tax as follows:
2025
2024
£
£
Profit before taxation
4,118,162
6,410,101
Expected tax charge based on the standard rate of corporation tax in the UK of 25.00% (2024: 25.00%)
1,029,541
1,602,525
Tax effect of expenses that are not deductible in determining taxable profit
34,586
Tax effect of income not taxable in determining taxable profit
(669,799)
(1,155,109)
Tax effect of utilisation of tax losses not previously recognised
(173,635)
(468,127)
Unutilised tax losses carried forward
23,151
Losses on discontinued operations not recognised
(102,900)
Group relief
(18,049)
Permanent capital allowances in excess of depreciation
(2,943)
Other permanent differences
(6,319)
Overseas branch losses/(profits) not taxable in UK
2,138
Movement in deferred tax
(1,344,478)
Taxation charge/(credit)
73,945
(1,323,363)
Taxation charge/(credit) in the financial statements
99,390
(1,323,363)
Reconciliation - the current year tax charge does not reconcile to the above analysis. Please review figures in the database.
(25,445)
-
11
Discontinued operations
Profit/(loss) on disposal of operations
On 11 May 2025, Nordic Pharma Limited disposed of its entire share capital in Altacor Limited for gross consideration of £7,000,000. Gross consideration includes upfront payment and conditional deferred consideration. The equity value at the date of disposal was £4,286,275. As a result, Altacor Limited ceased to be part of the Group from that date. The results of Altacor Limited have therefore been classified and presented as a discontinued operation in the Group financial statements in accordance with FRS 102.
12
Dividends
2025
2024
Recognised as distributions to equity holders:
£
£
Final paid
6,700,000
-
NORDIC PHARMA LIMITED
NOTES TO THE GROUP FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
- 25 -
13
Intangible fixed assets
Group
Product licence
£
Cost
At 1 January 2025
3,798,600
Disposals
(250,117)
At 31 December 2025
3,548,483
Amortisation and impairment
At 1 January 2025
2,024,354
Amortisation charged for the year
506,926
Disposals
(250,117)
At 31 December 2025
2,281,163
Carrying amount
At 31 December 2025
1,267,320
At 31 December 2024
1,774,246
Company
Product licence
£
Cost
At 1 January 2025 and 31 December 2025
2,027,709
Amortisation and impairment
At 1 January 2025
253,463
Amortisation charged for the year
506,926
At 31 December 2025
760,389
Carrying amount
At 31 December 2025
1,267,320
At 31 December 2024
1,774,246
14
Fixed asset investments
Group
Company
2025
2024
2025
2024
Notes
£
£
£
£
Investments in subsidiaries
15
1,047,275
1,947,249
NORDIC PHARMA LIMITED
NOTES TO THE GROUP FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
14
Fixed asset investments
(Continued)
- 26 -
Movements in fixed asset investments
Company
Shares in subsidiaries
£
Cost or valuation
At 1 January 2025
1,947,249
Disposals
(899,974)
At 31 December 2025
1,047,275
Carrying amount
At 31 December 2025
1,047,275
At 31 December 2024
1,947,249
During the year, the company disposed of its interest in Altacor Limited as explained in note 11 of these financial statements.
15
Subsidiaries
Details of the company's subsidiaries at 31 December 2025 are as follows:
Name of undertaking
Registered office
Class of
% Held
shares held
Direct
Draupnir Holdings Ltd
Unit 8, The Aquarium Building, King Street, Reading, Berkshire, RG1 2AN
Ordinary
100.00
ParaPharm Development Ltd
St Stephens House, Arthur Road, Windsor, Berkshire, SL4 1RU
Ordinary
100.00
Altacor GmbH
Fabrikstr. 7, 24103 Kiel, Germany
Ordinary
100.00
16
Financial instruments
Group
Company
2025
2024
2025
2024
£
£
£
£
Carrying amount of financial assets
Debt instruments measured at amortised cost
5,742,352
3,945,492
n/a
n/a
Carrying amount of financial liabilities
Measured at amortised cost
3,431,492
2,429,710
n/a
n/a
17
Stocks
Group
Company
2025
2024
2025
2024
£
£
£
£
Finished goods and goods for resale
4,332,797
4,799,260
4,332,797
3,035,143
NORDIC PHARMA LIMITED
NOTES TO THE GROUP FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
- 27 -
18
Debtors
Group
Company
2025
2024
2025
2024
Amounts falling due within one year:
£
£
£
£
Trade debtors
3,451,788
3,556,829
3,450,735
2,305,154
Other debtors
1,347,517
198,309
1,300,923
59,184
Prepayments and accrued income
119,042
197,486
115,650
192,417
4,918,347
3,952,624
4,867,308
2,556,755
Amounts falling due after more than one year:
Other debtors
943,047
190,354
943,047
190,354
Deferred tax asset (note 21)
1,913,484
943,047
2,103,838
943,047
190,354
Total debtors
5,861,394
6,056,462
5,810,355
2,747,109
19
Creditors: amounts falling due within one year
Group
Company
2025
2024
2025
2024
£
£
£
£
Trade creditors
750,742
1,203,117
750,742
413,714
Amounts owed to group undertakings
107,194
8,665,424
Corporation tax payable
99,390
97,634
Other taxation and social security
724,639
548,120
724,238
763,414
Other creditors
1,264,173
407,831
1,263,698
403,830
Accruals and deferred income
1,416,577
818,762
1,203,577
779,542
4,255,521
2,977,830
4,147,083
11,025,924
Amounts owed to group undertakings are unsecured, interest-free, have no fixed date of repayment, and are repayable on demand.
20
Creditors: amounts falling due after more than one year
Group
Company
2025
2024
2025
2024
Notes
£
£
£
£
Other borrowings
1,095,968
1,095,968
NORDIC PHARMA LIMITED
NOTES TO THE GROUP FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
- 28 -
21
Deferred taxation
The following are the major deferred tax liabilities and assets recognised by the group and company, and movements thereon:
Assets
Assets
2025
2024
Group
£
£
Tax losses
-
1,913,484
The company has no deferred tax assets or liabilities.
Group
Company
2025
2025
Movements in the year:
£
£
Asset at 1 January 2025
(1,913,484)
-
Transfer on disposal
1,913,484
-
Asset at 31 December 2025
-
-
22
Retirement benefit schemes
2025
2024
Defined contribution schemes
£
£
Charge to profit or loss in respect of defined contribution schemes
242,067
271,507
A defined contribution pension scheme is operated for all qualifying employees. The assets of the scheme are held separately from those of the group in an independently administered fund. At the year end, the pension liability was £229.48.
23
Share capital
Group and company
2025
2024
2025
2024
Ordinary share capital
Number
Number
£
£
Issued and fully paid
Ordinary shares of £1 each
200,000
200,000
200,000
200,000
NORDIC PHARMA LIMITED
NOTES TO THE GROUP FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
- 29 -
24
Operating lease commitments
Lessee
At the reporting end date the group had outstanding commitments for future minimum lease payments under non-cancellable operating leases, which fall due as follows:
Group
Company
2025
2024
2025
2024
£
£
£
£
Within one year
200,161
188,367
200,161
188,367
Between two and five years
290,010
504,046
290,010
504,046
490,171
692,413
490,171
692,413
25
Events after the reporting date
Liquidation of Draupnir Holdings Ltd
On 24 July 2026, 100% owned subsidiary Draupnir Holdings Ltd was dissolved. The company was dormant before liquidation and there has been no effect on these financial statements.
Agreement to purchase Nordic Group BV
On 11 August 2026, Alfasigma S.p.A., a global pharmaceutical company announced that it has entered into a share purchase agreement for the sale of 100% of the shares of Nordic Group B.V. and its subsidiaries which includes Nordica Pharma Limited and it's subsidiaries. The transaction has not completed as of the date of these financial statements.
26
Related party transactions
The Company has taken advantage of exemption, under the terms of Financial Reporting Standard 102 'The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and the Republic of Ireland', not to disclose related party transactions with wholly owned subsidiaries within the Group.
Transactions between group entities which have been eliminated on consolidation are not disclosed in the financial statements.
27
Controlling party
Nordic Group B.V. (incorporated in Netherlands) is the parent undertaking of the smallest group to consolidate these financial statements. Copies of the Nordic Group B.V. group financial statements can be obtained from Nordic Group B.V., Siriusdreef, NL—2132 WT, The Netherlands.
The ultimate controlling parent entity is Cryosphere Foundation, registered in Guernsey.
NORDIC PHARMA LIMITED
NOTES TO THE GROUP FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (CONTINUED)
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2025
- 30 -
28
Cash absorbed by group operations
2025
2024
£
£
Profit for the year after tax
4,018,772
7,733,464
Adjustments for:
Taxation charged/(credited)
99,390
(1,323,363)
Finance costs
12,817
63,512
Investment income
(130,573)
(171,646)
Gain on disposal of business
(2,713,725)
-
Amortisation and impairment of intangible assets
506,926
506,926
Gain on sale of investments
-
(4,617,917)
Other gains and losses
-
20,760
Non-cash equity reorganisation
(6,286,600)
-
(Decrease)/increase in provisions
(213,000)
76,732
Movements in working capital:
Decrease/(increase) in stocks
466,463
(955,389)
Decrease/(increase) in debtors
9,062,287
(53,796)
Decrease in creditors
(7,901,918)
(2,157,068)
Cash absorbed by operations
(3,079,161)
(877,785)
Difference
213,000
-
Per cash flow statement page
(2,866,161)
(877,785)
29
Analysis of changes in net funds - group
1 January 2025
Cash flows
31 December 2025
£
£
£
Cash at bank and in hand
5,170,553
(1,543,433)
3,627,120
Borrowings excluding overdrafts
(1,095,968)
1,095,968
-
4,074,585
(447,465)
3,627,120
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