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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies |
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The following accounting policies have been applied consistently in dealing with items which are considered material in relation to the company's financial statements. |
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Statement of compliance |
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The financial statements of the company for the financial year ended 31 December 2025 have been prepared in accordance with the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland (FRS 102) issued by the Financial Reporting Council and in accordance with the Companies Act 2006. |
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Basis of preparation |
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The financial statements have been prepared on the going concern basis and in accordance with the historical cost convention except for certain properties and financial instruments that are measured at revalued amounts or fair values, as explained in the accounting policies below. Historical cost is generally based on the fair value of the consideration given in exchange for assets. |
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Cash flow statement |
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The company has availed of the exemption in FRS 102 from the requirement to prepare a Statement of Cash Flows because it is classified as a small company. |
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Turnover |
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Turnover comprises the invoice value of goods supplied by the company, exclusive of trade discounts and value added tax. |
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Financial Instruments |
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A financial asset or a financial liability is recognised only when the company becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument. Basic financial instruments are initially recognised at the transaction price, unless the arrangement constitutes a financing transaction, where it is recognised at the present value of the future payments discounted at a market rate of interest for a similar debt instrument. Debt instruments are subsequently measured at amortised cost. Where investments in non-convertible preference shares and nor-puttable ordinary shares or preference shares are publicly traded or their fair value can otherwise be measured reliably, the investment is subsequently measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognised in profit or loss. All other such investments are subsequently measured at cost less impairment. Other financial instruments, including derivatives, are initially recognised at fair value. unless payment for an asset is deferred beyond normal business terms or financed at a rate of interest that is not a market rate, in which case the asset is measured at the present value of the future payments discounted at a market rate of interest for a similar debt instrument. Other financial Instruments are subsequently measured at fair value, with any changes recognised in profit or loss, with the exception of hedging instruments in a designated hedging relationship. Financial assets that are measured at cost or amortised cost are reviewed for objective evidence of impairment at the end of each reporting date If there is objective evidence of impairment, an impairment loss is recognised in profit or loss immediately. For all equity instruments regardless of significance, and other financial assets that are individually significant, these are assessed individually for impairment. Other financial assets or either assessed individually or grouped on the basis of similar credit risk characteristics. Any reversals of impairment are recognised in profit or loss immediately, to the extent that the reversal does not result in a carrying amount of the financial asset that exceeds What the carrying amount would have been had the impairment not previously been recognised. |
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Impairment |
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A review for indicators of impairment is carried Out at each reporting date, with the recoverable amount being estimated where such indicators exist. Where the carrying value exceeds the recoverable amount. the asset is impaired accordingly. Prior impairments are also reviewed for possible reversal at each reporting date. When it is not possible to estimate the recoverable amount Of an individual asset, an estimate is made Of the recoverable amount of the cash-generating unit to which the asset belongs. The cash-generating unit is the smallest identifiable group of assets that includes the asset and generates cash inflows that are largely independent Of the cash inflows from other assets or groups of assets. |
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Tangible assets and depreciation |
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Tangible assets are stated at cost or at valuation, less accumulated depreciation. Cost comprises purchase price and other directly attributable costs. Freehold land is stated at cost and is not depreciated. The charge to depreciation is calculated to write off the original cost or valuation of tangible assets, less their estimated residual value, over their expected useful lives as follows: |
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Freehold Property |
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2.1% Straight line |
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Plant and machinery |
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20% Straight line |
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Motor vehicles |
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20% Straight line |
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The carrying values of tangible fixed assets are reviewed annually for impairment in periods if events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value may not be recoverable. |
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Leasing and hire purchases |
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Tangible assets held under leasing and Hire Purchases arrangements which transfer substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership to the company are capitalised and included in the Balance Sheet at their cost or valuation, less depreciation. The corresponding commitments are recorded as liabilities. Payments in respect of these obligations are treated as consisting of capital and interest elements, with interest charged to the Profit and Loss Account. |
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Leasing |
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Rentals payable under operating leases are dealt with in the Profit and Loss Account as incurred over the period of the rental agreement. |
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Stocks |
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Stocks are valued at the lower of cost and net realisable value. Stocks are determined on a first-in first-out basis. Cost comprises expenditure incurred in the normal course of business in bringing stocks to their present location and condition. Full provision is made for obsolete and slow moving items. Net realisable value comprises actual or estimated selling price (net of trade discounts) less all further costs to completion or to be incurred in marketing and selling. |
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Trade and other debtors |
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Trade and other debtors are initially recognised at fair value and thereafter stated at amortised cost using the effective interest method less impairment losses for bad and doubtful debts except where the effect of discounting would be immaterial. In such cases the receivables are stated at cost less impairment losses for bad and doubtful debts. |
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Borrowing costs |
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Borrowing costs relating to the acquisition of assets are capitalised at the appropriate rate by adding them to the cost of assets being acquired. Investment income earned on the temporary investment of specific borrowings pending their expenditure on the assets is deducted from the borrowing costs eligible for capitalisation. All other borrowing costs are recognised in profit or loss in the period in which they are incurred. |
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Provisions |
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Provisions are recognised when the company has a present legal or constructive obligation arising as a result of a past event, it is probable that an outflow of economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be made. Provisions are measured at the present value of the expenditures expected to be required to settle the obligation using a pre-tax rate that reflects current market assessments of the same value of money and the risks specific to the obligation. The increase in the provision due to passage of time is recognised as interest expense. |
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Trade and other creditors |
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Trade and other creditors are initially recognised at fair value and thereafter stated at amortised cost using the effective interest rate method, unless the effect of discounting would be immaterial, in which case they are stated at cost. |
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Employee benefits |
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The company operates a defined contribution pension scheme. The assets of the scheme are held separately from those of the company in an independently administered fund. The company also operates a defined benefit pension scheme for its employees providing benefits based on final pensionable pay. The assets of this scheme are also held separately from those of the company, being invested with pension fund managers. |
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Taxation and deferred taxation |
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Current tax represents the amount expected to be paid or recovered in respect of taxable profits for the financial year and is calculated using the tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantially enacted at the Balance Sheet date. Deferred tax is recognised in respect of all timing differences that have originated but not reversed at the balance sheet date where transactions or events have occurred at that date that will result in an obligation to pay more tax in the future, or a right to pay less tax in the future. Timing differences are temporary differences between the company's taxable profits and its results as stated in the financial statements. Deferred tax is measured on an undiscounted basis at the tax rates that are anticipated to apply in the periods in which the timing differences are expected to reverse, based on tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the Balance Sheet date. |
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Foreign currencies |
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Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated at the rates of exchange ruling at the Balance Sheet date. Non-monetary items that are measured in terms of historical cost in a foreign currency are translated at the rates of exchange ruling at the date of the transaction. Non-monetary items that are measured at fair value in a foreign currency are translated using the exchange rates at the date when the fair value was determined. The resulting exchange differences are dealt with in the Profit and Loss Account. |
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Ordinary share capital |
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The ordinary share capital of the company is presented as equity. |
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Prior period adjustment |
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The comparative figures for the year ended 31 December 2024 have been restated to recognise a deferred tax liability. Statement of Financial Activities 31/12/2024: Impact of prior period adjustment Deferred Tax Expense: As Previously Stated - Deferred Tax Credit Adjustment in 2024:(£5,362) Statement of Financial Position 31/12/2024: Impact of prior period adjustment Deferred Tax Liability: As Previously Stated - Deferred Tax Liability Adjustment in 2024: (£240,170) Impact of Prior Period Adjustment on Funds Opening Funds Balance 2024: As Previously Stated £1,732,389 Opening Funds Balance 2024 Adjusted for Prior Period Adjustment: £1,486,857 Closing Fund Balance 2024: As Previously Stated £2,211,471 Closing Fund Balance 2024 Adjusted for Prior Period Adjustment: £1,971,301 |