01 January 202531 December 2025Full accountsFALSEHoldingTRUEEnglishTRUE024 September 2026Under FRS 102, goodwill has been amortised on a straight-line basis and charged in the year after acquisition to the consolidated statement of comprehensive loss over twenty years as the directors believe that the acquired businesses have useful economic life on the basis of their assessment of the strength of the acquired brands, the underlying businesses and their assets including their intellectual property, research data, customer relationships and market position, as evidenced by the strength of historic and projected cash flows.In addition to this amortisation treatment goodwill is subject to a further annual impairment test based on a discounted future cash flow model to ensure it reflects a true and fair view of the carrying value.The databases, which have been directly acquired from acquired businesses, have a value which is substantial and long term, and were attributed a fair value on acquisition. Such assets are only recognised where title is clear, earnings are separately identifiable, and the assets could be sold separately from the rest of the business.Under FRS 102 the databases are amortised on a straight-line basis to the consolidated statement of comprehensive loss over a twenty-year period recognising the likely future cashflows that these databases will generate.  The research data within the databases, regarding historical and geographic trends and statistics in oil and gas reserves production and costs, generates direct third-party subscription income streams and cash flows over the long term.  Any ancillary costs in maintaining and updating the research data are expensed as incurred.  Consequently, the directors are of the opinion that the enduring value of the databases are supported and evidenced by the related third-party subscriber base and the consistent annual renewal rate therein.  In the opinion of the directors, the databases have a long useful economic life in their current state and, subject to annual impairment reviews based on a discounted cash flow model, are amortised over a twenty-year period.  The directors are of the opinion that this amortisation period combined with the impairment review gives a true and fair view.Where a specific project meets the recognition criteria of FRS 102 Section 18 ‘Intangible Assets Other than Goodwill' the related product development costs are capitalised and amortised on a straight-line basis to the statement of comprehensive income over the expected life of the specific product developed, being three years.Design and content website development costs are capitalised only to the extent that they lead to the creation of an enduring asset delivering measurable economic benefits at least as great as the amount capitalised.  If there is insufficient evidence on which to base reasonable estimates of the economic benefits that will be generated in the period until the design and content are next updated, the costs of developing the design and content are charged to the consolidated statement of comprehensive income as incurred. Development costs have been capitalised in accordance with FRS 102 Section 18 Intangible Assets other than Goodwill and are therefore not treated, for dividend purposes, as a realised loss.Sales relationships which were acquired in a business combination are recognised at fair value at the acquisition date. Customer relationships have a finite useful life and are carried at cost less accumulated amortisation.Amortisation is charged to the statement of comprehensive income and is calculated using the straight-line method to allocate the cost of sales relationships over their estimated useful lives of 20 years.109,593—109,593—109,593—109,593—————Total employer contributions made to defined contribution pension schemes and equivalents in 2024 totalled $13,548,000 (2023: $11,442,000).Key management personnel remuneration is disclosed in note 19.There were no employee costs incurred by the company for the financial period.Class AClass AClass BClass BThe Class A partnership interests in Planet TopCo LP are issued in exchange for a cash consideration on the same terms as those issued to Veritas Capital Fund VIII, LP, and Planet Co-Investor Holdings L.P., vehicles owned or affiliated with Veritas Capital Fund Management, L.L.C. Class A partnership interests have no service conditions and are not remuneration for services, thus they are not considered to be share-based compensation under FRS 102.The Class B partnership interests have two tranches: 50% of the awards vest upon meeting a service condition (“Class B Time-based Awards”); and 50% vests upon a change in control or other liquidity event (“Class B Performance-based Awards”), subject to continued employment (collectively, the “Equity Awards”). The Class B Time-based Awards vest equally each year over the five-year requisite service period (i.e. 20% on each anniversary for the next five years). Class B partnership interests are awarded with varying terms depending upon the employee’s country of residence, specific details are as set out below. he Class B partnership interests in Planet Topco LP awarded to the Company ’s employees were financed through interest-free non-recourse loans by the relevant employing entities for a total amount ofThe fair value of each stock option/restricted stock granted is estimated using the MCS Option Pricing Methodology and scenario analysis. The determination of the grant date fair value is affected by our estimated price of common stock as at the grant date, as well as assumptions regarding a number of other key valuation variables. These variables include expected stock price volatility, risk-free interest rate and expected dividend yield of the stock, each for the expected term of the award. The expected volatility of the stock options is based on the average historical equity volatility of several comparable publicly traded companies over a time period matching the expected term of the option, with the average historical volatility of similar companies providing the best estimate of future stock volatility for the Company. The risk-free interest rates used are based on the yield to maturity of UK Government bonds sourced for corresponding periods to the expected exit dates. Rates are linearly interpolated from benchmark rates with the closest available maturities corresponding to the expected term of the stock options. The dividend yield assumption is based on the forecasted dividends of the business over the expected term of the option, with the yield being a forecast average of the annual dividend yield to common stock price over the term of option.The Company recognises compensation costs for the Class B Time-based Awards over the vesting periods using the straight-line method. For Class B Performance-based awards, the compensation costs are deferred until the consummation of the required liquidity event or performance condition has been met.The total compensation costs recognised for Class B Time-based Awards in the staff costs of the income statement for the period ended 31 December 2025 $2.22 million (2024: $1.48 million).The Company leases buildings for its offices under agreements of between one to six years with, in some cases, options to extend. On renewal, the terms of the leases are renegotiated.7,3406,3024,0193,0151,6611,22723,5644,08419,480Wood MackenzieThe purchase price of Wood Mackenzie is allocated to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on their estimated respective fair values as of February 1, 2023, with the excess purchase price allocated to goodwill.  The following table summarizes the fair values of the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the date of acquisition (in thousands): On 1 February 2023, Planet Midco Limited acquired 100% of the issued share capital of all non-US based entities within the Company.54,98174,0897,5547,9729,7061,595,0001,7771,751,07943,96982,020372,46914,1956,862519,5151,231,5641,063,7142,295,27854,9813,527198,000698,000699,0001,595,000The fair values assigned to the identifiable intangible assets were measure based on significant inputs that are not observable in the marketplace, and therefore classified as Level 3 assets.  The fair value was provided by an independent valuation firm; key assumptions included (a) management’s projections of future cash flows based upon past experience and future expectations and (b) a discount rate of 10%.  The key assumptions were used in respective valuation methodology deemed to the most appropriate for each type of asset being valued.  The Trade Name valuation and IP – Technology & Database used the relief from royalty method, the customer relationships used the excess earnings method.The Parent Company equity was valued using a Monte Carlo framework in the application of the income approach in order to capture the distribution rights of the Company’s unit classes included the asymmetric nature and inherent subordination of the interest to other unit classes.The goodwill associated with the acquisition includes the Company’s acquired assembled work force, the value associated with the opportunity to leverage the work force to continue to develop the technology and content assets, as well as the Company’s ability to grow through adding additional customer relationships or new solutions in the future. The $1.1 billion in goodwill associated with the acquisition is not deductible for tax purposes as the acquisition was treated as a stock acquisition. The amounts assigned to intangible assets by type for these acquisitions were based upon the Company’s valuation model and historical experiences with entities with similar business characteristics.For the period ended 31 December 2024, the Company incurred transaction and one-time costs related to acquisitions of $48.9 million, which are included within "Transaction and separation expenses” in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income..The Company enters into contractual commitments which may have a minimum guarantee per contractual year. These contracts primarily relate to network infrastructure and data centre operations16,05013,75021,28017,50020,00020,00020,00030,00077,33081,250Exceptional items consist of the release of a £ payroll accrual from 2020 and £ due from the entity's previous ultimate parent, Verisk Analytics Inc.The Workiva 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Company Registration No. SC427105
H&F Nugent 2 Limited
Annual Report and Financial Statements
For the year ended 31 December 2025
H&F Nugent 2 Limited
Annual report and financial statements                                             
1
H&F Nugent 2 Limited
Officers and professional advisers
Directors
Christopher David Grieve
Jason Chou Liu
Company Secretary
Andrew David Ramage
Registered office
Level 3
6 St Andrew Square
Edinburgh
EH2 2BD
Bankers
JPMorgan Chase bank, N.A. - London branch
25 Bank street
Canary wharf
London
E14 5JP
Solicitors
Dickson Minto WS
Level 3
6 St Andrew Square
Edinburgh
EH2 2BD
Independent Auditor
RSM UK Audit LLP
Third Floor
2 Semple Street
Edinburgh
EH3 8BL
United Kingdom
2
H&F Nugent 2 Limited
Strategic report
For the year ended 31 December 2025
The Directors present their strategic report for H&F Nugent 2 Limited (the “ Company”) for the year ended
31 December 2025.
The Company’s business
The core operational business of the Wood Mackenzie group is a leading content, analytics and consulting
business operating in the Energy, Mining and Metals industries. The group is a premier supplier of commercially
orientated, forward-looking research and knowledge-based consulting to virtually every major company in the
Energy, Mining and Metals and Petrochemical industries, as well as leading financial services organisations,
governments and government agencies across the globe.
Review of the business & KPIs                                                                         
During 2025, the company acted as an intermediate holding company within the wider Planet Holdco 2 Ltd group
(the "group").  The company has not traded in the year and continues to hold an investment in its direct
subsidiary, H&F Nugent 3 Limited.  Management have considered whether there are indicators of impairment of
the carrying value of the investment at the balance sheet date and are satisfied, based on the underlying
performance of the company’s subsidiaries, that no impairment is required. Management considers the carrying
value of investments of £1,382,048,000 (2024: £1,382,048,000) to be the primary KPI for the company. The
value of investments is included in note 5 to the financial statements.
The Board’s statement on s172(1) of the Companies Act 2006
The Board of Directors, in line with their duties under s172 of the Companies Act 2006, act in a way they
consider, in good faith, would be most likely to promote the success of the Company for the benefit of its
members as a whole, and in doing so have regard to a range of matters when making decisions for the long term.
Key decisions and matters that are of strategic importance to the Company are appropriately informed by s172
factors.
Through an open and transparent dialogue with our key stakeholders, we have been able to develop a clear
understanding of their needs, assess their perspectives and monitor their impact on our strategic ambition and
culture. As part of the Board’s decision-making process, the Board considers the potential impact of decisions on
relevant stakeholders whilst also having regard to a number of broader factors, including the impact of the
Company’s operations on the community and environment, responsible business practices and the likely
consequences of decisions in the long term.
The following comments highlight some of the ways the Company collectively has continued to engage with the
key stakeholder groups throughout the year and how we measured the effectiveness of that engagement.
Shareholders
As owners of our group we rely on the support of shareholders and their opinions are important to us. We have
had open dialogue with our shareholders, through one-to-one meetings, group meetings, quarterly and annual
operational excellence reviews. Discussions with shareholders covered a wide range of topics including financial
performance, strategy, outlook, governance, and ethical practices. The group’s new shareholders continue an
active dialogue to strategically grow the business.  
Colleagues
The company has no employees.   
Customers
The company has no customers.
Suppliers
We build strong relationships with our suppliers to develop mutually beneficial and lasting partnerships.
Engagement with suppliers is primarily through a series of interactions and formal reviews.  The Board
recognises that relationships with suppliers are important to the group’s long-term success and is briefed on
supplier feedback and issues on a regular basis.
3
H&F Nugent 2 Limited
Strategic report (continued)
For the year ended 31 December 2025
Communities
We engage with the communities in which we operate to build trust and understand the local issues that are
important to them. Key areas of focus include how we can support local causes and issues, create opportunities to
recruit and develop local people and help to look after the environment. We support local charities and
organisations at a site level through encouraging staff to give their time to support local causes.
Government and regulators
We regularly engage with the governments around the world through a range of industry consultations, forums,
meetings and conferences to communicate our views to policy makers relevant to our business. Key areas of
focus for the company are compliance with laws and regulations, health and safety and ensuring timely and
accurate filing. The Board is updated on legal and regulatory developments and takes these into account when
considering future actions.
Key decisions
During the period, management and the board of directors made several key decisions aimed at achieving the
Wood Mackenzie’s strategic group objectives and enhancing the company’s value. These decisions reflect the
company’s commitment to sustainable growth and value creation. The following is one of the significant key
decisions taken:
• Market Expansion: During the period, the Group launched a Go to Market Transformation programme,
representing the largest investment in go to market activity in the Company's history.
Principal risks and uncertainties
The principal risk identified by management relates to any potential downturn in the company’s subsidiary's
underlying trading business, "Wood Mackenzie", resulting in potential impairment of the company's investment.
The underlying performance of the trading company remains positive.  The trading company achieved earnings
before depreciation, amortization, impairment, foreign currency, interest and tax (Adjusted EBITDA) for the year
of £66.5 million, down from £69.9 million in 2024. While revenues increased 4.4% in the year, the negative shift
was driven primarily by a decrease of 8.7% in own work capitalised and 3.5% and 3.1% increases in staff costs
and other operating expenses respectively. Management have prepared the accounts of the trading company as a
going concern and are therefore satisfied that any potential impairment risk is low based on the primary financial
and forecasted performance metrics.
Financial risk management
The company's exposure to risks such as credit risk and interest rate risk are within reasonable limits and these
exposures are not hedged.  There are no further material risks in which the company believe external hedging is
required or mitigating action is needed at present.
Foreign exchange risk
The Company’s activities expose it to limited financial risks of changes in foreign currency rates. 
Credit risk
The company's credit risk is primarily attributable to its receivables from related parties within the group. The
amounts presented in the balance sheet are net of any provision for doubtful receivables. A provision for
impairment would be made where there was an identified loss event which, based on previous experience, was
evidence of a reduction in the recoverability of the cash flows. 
Interest rate risk
The company provides loans to related parties within the group at agreed fixed interest rates and does not have
any third-party debt borrowings, which would expose it to interest expense fluctuations.  Therefore, the company
does not consider itself to have a material exposure to interest rate fluctuations.
4
H&F Nugent 2 Limited
Strategic report (continued)
For the year ended 31 December 2025
Climate risk
We support and have contributed to the large body of scientific evidence that clearly demonstrates the changes
occurring in Earth’s climate system and the attendant risks to people, property, and financial assets. We concur
with the scientific consensus that anthropogenic carbon emissions contribute to global warming trends. Current
trends in global climate change, if unchecked, can lead to acutely negative consequences due to rising sea levels,
increased frequency and severity of extreme weather and climate events, and increased ocean acidification.
Addressing climate change is made more complicated by its interrelationship with economic development and the
energy deficit facing many people around the world, especially in emerging economies. Serious consideration
must go into designing and assessing options that balance care for the climate with economic progress and rising
standards of living. Effort and planning are required to define approaches that are effective and produce the best
outcomes for the greatest number of people around the planet.
We urge all governments to actively collaborate to address this amalgam of complex issues and to do so with
urgency.
We will continue to take responsibility for our business practices by:
• monitoring, measuring, disclosing, and reducing the emissions associated with our operations;
• researching and contributing our knowledge of climate change and clearly analysing the potential
implications of climate change for risk to people, property, and financial assets;
• researching and contributing our knowledge of energy production, including fossil fuel, solar, and wind
sources, thereby supporting industry in choosing an optimal mix of options over time.
As a business committed to the long-term stewardship of our organization and the global society in which we
operate, we remain committed to addressing the very real impacts of climate change today and for the benefit of
future generations.
The company is exempt from the requirement to include Streamlined Energy and Carbon Reporting disclosures
as it has consumed less than 40,000 kWh of energy from its activities during the year.
Future developments
Management foresees the company to continue to act as an intermediate holding company within the group
structure for the foreseeable future and there is no plan to change the underlying business of Wood Mackenzie
Limited.
Approved by the Board and signed on its behalf on 24 September 2026 by:                              
Andrew David Ramage
Company Secretary
5
H&F Nugent 2 Limited
Directors’ report
For the year ended 31 December 2025
The directors present their Directors’ report for H&F Nugent 2 Limited (the “Company”) for the year ended
31 December 2025.
Principal activities
The principal activity of the company is that of an intermediate holding company.
Matters included in the Strategic Report
Details of the business review; future developments; principal risks and uncertainties can be found in the
Strategic Report on pages 2 to 4 and form part of this report by cross-reference.
Events after the balance sheet date
There are no post balance sheet events to note.
Going concern
The directors believe it continues to be appropriate to prepare the accounts on the basis of going concern as set
out in the going concern accounting policy in note 1 to the financial statements.
Dividends
No dividends were paid during the current or prior year.
Directors
The Directors who held office throughout the year and to the date of this report, except as noted below
Christopher David Grieve
Appointed
16 January 2025
Simon Paul Crowe
Resigned
16 January 2025
Jason Chou Liu
Qualifying third party indemnity provisions
The company’s subsidiary Wood Mackenzie Limited made qualifying third-party indemnity provisions for the
benefit of its directors (which extend to the performance of any duties as a director of any associated company)
and these remain in force at the date of this report.
6
H&F Nugent 2 Limited
Directors’ report (continued)
For the year ended 31 December 2025
Auditor
Each of the persons who is a director at the date of approval of this report confirms that:
• so far as the director is aware, there is no relevant audit information of which the company's auditor is
unaware; and
• the director has taken all the steps that he/she ought to have taken as a director in order to make
himself/herself aware of any relevant audit information and to establish that the company's auditor is aware of
that information.
This confirmation is given and should be interpreted in accordance with the provisions of s418 of the
Companies Act 2006.  
A resolution was agreed by the directors to appoint RSM as auditors in 2025. The directors confirm that RSM,
who have indicated their willingness to continue in office, will remain as the company's auditors for the next
financial year .  
Approved by the Board of Directors on 24 September 2026 and signed on behalf of the Board.
Christopher David Grieve
Director
Level 3
6 St Andrew Square
Edinburgh
EH2 2BD
7
H&F Nugent 2 Limited
Directors’ responsibilities statement
For the year ended 31 December 2025
The directors are responsible for preparing the Strategic Report and the Directors' Report and the financial
statements in accordance with applicable law and regulations.
Company law requires the directors to prepare financial statements for each financial year. Under that law the
directors have elected to prepare the financial statements in accordance with United Kingdom Generally
Accepted Accounting Practice (United Kingdom Accounting Standards and applicable law). Under company
law the directors must not approve the financial statements unless they are satisfied that they give a true and fair
view of the state of affairs of the company and of the profit or loss of the company for that period.
In preparing these financial statements, the directors are required to:
• select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently;
• make judgements and accounting estimates that are reasonable and prudent;
• state whether applicable UK Accounting Standards have been followed, subject to any material
departures disclosed and explained in the financial statements; and
• prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that the
company will continue in business.
The directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that are sufficient to show and explain the
company’s transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the company
and enable them to ensure that the financial statements comply with the Companies Act 2006. They are also
responsible for safeguarding the assets of the company and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention
and detection of fraud and other irregularities. 
8
H&F Nugent 2 Limited
Independent Auditor’s report to the members of H&F Nugent 2 Limited
For the year ended 31 December 2025
Opinion
We have audited the financial statements of H&F Nugent 2 Limited (the ‘company’) for the year ended
31 December 2025 which comprise profit and loss account, balance sheet, statement of changes in equity and
notes to the financial statements, including significant accounting policies. The financial reporting framework
that has been applied in their preparation is applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards,
including FRS 102 “The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland” (United
Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice).
In our opinion, the financial statements:
• give a true and fair view of the state of the company’s affairs as at 31 December 2025 and of its result
for the year then ended;
• have been properly prepared in accordance with United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting
Practice;
• have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006.
Basis for opinion
We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)) and
applicable law. Our responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditor’s responsibilities
for the audit of the financial statements section of our report. We are independent of the company in accordance
with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in the UK, including the
FRC’s Ethical Standard, and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in accordance with these
requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a
basis for our opinion.
Conclusions relating to going concern
In auditing the financial statements, we have concluded that the directors’ use of the going concern basis of
accounting in the preparation of the financial statements is appropriate.
Based on the work we have performed, we have not identified any material uncertainties relating to events or
conditions that, individually or collectively, may cast significant doubt on the company’s ability to continue as a
going concern for a period of at least twelve months from when the financial statements are authorised for issue.
Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of the directors with respect to going concern are described in the
relevant sections of this report.
Other information
The other information comprises the information included in the annual report, other than the financial
statements and our auditor’s report thereon. The directors are responsible for the other information contained
within the annual report. Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and,
except to the extent otherwise explicitly stated in our report, we do not express any form of assurance
conclusion thereon. 
Our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is
materially inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the course of the audit or
otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If we identify such material inconsistencies or apparent material
misstatements, we are required to determine whether this gives rise to a material misstatement in the financial
statements themselves. If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material
misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact.   
We have nothing to report in this regard. 
Opinions on other matters prescribed by the Companies Act 2006
In our opinion, based on the work undertaken in the course of the audit:
• the information given in the strategic report and the directors’ report for the financial year for which the
financial statements are prepared is consistent with the financial statements; and 
• the strategic report and the directors’ report have been prepared in accordance with applicable legal
requirements. 
9
H&F Nugent 2 Limited
Independent Auditor’s report to the members of H&F Nugent 2 Limited (continued)
For the year ended 31 December 2025
Matters on which we are required to report by exception
In the light of the knowledge and understanding of the company and its environment obtained in the course of
the audit, we have not identified material misstatements in the strategic report or the directors’ report. 
We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters in relation to which the Companies Act 2006
requires us to report to you if, in our opinion:
• adequate accounting records have not been kept, or returns adequate for our audit have not been
received from branches not visited by us; or
• the financial statements are not in agreement with the accounting records and returns; or
• certain disclosures of directors’ remuneration specified by law are not made; or
• we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit. 
Responsibilities of directors
As explained more fully in the directors’ responsibilities statement set out on page 7 the directors are
responsible for the preparation of the financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair
view, and for such internal control as the directors determine is necessary to enable the preparation of financial
statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.   
In preparing the financial statements, the directors are responsible for assessing the company’s ability to
continue as a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going
concern basis of accounting unless the directors either intend to liquidate the company or to cease operations, or
have no realistic alternative but to do so. 
Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free
from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that includes our
opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in
accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise
from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be
expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements. 
The extent to which the audit was considered capable of detecting irregularities, including fraud
Irregularities are instances of non-compliance with laws and regulations.  The objectives of our audit are to
obtain sufficient appropriate audit evidence regarding compliance with laws and regulations that have a direct
effect on the determination of material amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, to perform audit
procedures to help identify instances of non-compliance with other laws and regulations that may have a
material effect on the financial statements, and to respond appropriately to identified or suspected non-
compliance with laws and regulations identified during the audit.   
In relation to fraud, the objectives of our audit are to identify and assess the risk of material misstatement of the
financial statements due to fraud, to obtain sufficient appropriate audit evidence regarding the assessed risks of
material misstatement due to fraud through designing and implementing appropriate responses and to respond
appropriately to fraud or suspected fraud identified during the audit.   
However, it is the primary responsibility of management, with the oversight of those charged with governance,
to ensure that the entity's operations are conducted in accordance with the provisions of laws and regulations and
for the prevention and detection of fraud.
In identifying and assessing risks of material misstatement in respect of irregularities, including fraud, the audit
engagement team: 
• obtained an understanding of the nature of the industry and sector, including the legal and regulatory
framework that the company operates in and how the company is complying with the legal and
regulatory framework;
• inquired of management, and those charged with governance, about their own identification and
assessment of the risks of irregularities, including any known actual, suspected or alleged instances of
fraud;
• discussed matters about non-compliance with laws and regulations and how fraud might occur
including assessment of how and where the financial statements may be susceptible to fraud. 
As a result of these procedures we consider the most significant laws and regulations that have a direct impact
on the financial statements are FRS 102 and the Companies Act 2006.  We performed audit procedures to detect
10
H&F Nugent 2 Limited
Independent Auditor’s report to the members of H&F Nugent 2 Limited (continued)
For the year ended 31 December 2025
non-compliances which may have a material impact on the financial statements which included reviewing
financial statement disclosures. 
The audit engagement team identified the risk of management override of controls as the area where the
financial statements were most susceptible to material misstatement due to fraud. Audit procedures performed
included but were not limited to; testing manual journal entries and other adjustments, assessing whether the
judgements made in making accounting estimates are indicative of a potential bias, and evaluating whether the
business rationale of any significant transactions that are unusual or outside the normal course of business.   
A further description of our responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements is located on the Financial
Reporting Council’s website at: http://www.frc.org.uk/auditorsresponsibilities This description forms part of our
auditor’s report.   
Use of our report
This report is made solely to the company’s members, as a body, in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of the
Companies Act 2006.  Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the company’s members
those matters we are required to state to them in an auditor’s report and for no other purpose.  To the fullest
extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other than the company and the
company’s members as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we have formed.
Stuart Niven (Senior Statutory Auditor)
For and on behalf of RSM UK Audit LLP, Statutory Auditor
Chartered Accountants
Third Floor
2 Semple Street
Edinburgh
EH3 8BL
24 September 2026
11
H&F Nugent 2 Limited
Profit and loss account
For the year ended 31 December 2025
2025
2024
Note
In £'000
In £'000
Revenue
—
—
Dividend Income
—
—
Operating profit
3
—
—
Profit before income taxes
—
—
Net tax credit
4
—
—
Net profit
—
—
The accounting notes in pages 14 to 20 are an integral part of these financial statements.
The company has no other comprehensive income for the year.
12
H&F Nugent 2 Limited
Balance sheet
As at 31 December 2025
2025
2024
Note
£'000
£'000
Fixed assets
Investments
5
1,382,048
1,382,048
1,382,048
1,382,048
Current assets
Creditors: amounts falling due within one year
6
(362)
(362)
Net current liabilities
(362)
(362)
Total assets less current liabilities
1,381,686
1,381,686
Net assets
1,381,686
1,381,686
Capital and reserves
Share capital
7
326,290
326,290
Share premium
8
73,650
73,650
Capital contribution
9
916,833
916,833
Profit and loss account
64,913
64,913
Shareholders funds
1,381,686
1,381,686
The accounting notes in pages 14 to 20 are an integral part of these financial statements.
The financial statements of H&F Nugent 2 Limited , registered number SC427105 ( Edinburgh ), were approved
by the Board of Directors.
Signed on behalf of the Board of Directors
Christopher David Grieve
Director
24 September 2026
13
H&F Nugent 2 Limited
Statement of changes in equity
For the year ended 31 December 2025
Called-up
Share
Capital
Capital
contribution
Share
premium
Profit and
loss
account
Total
£'000
£'000
£'000
£'000
£'000
At 01 January 2024
326,290
916,833
73,650
64,913
1,381,686
Result for the financial year
—
—
—
—
—
At 31 December 2024
326,290
916,833
73,650
64,913
1,381,686
Result for the financial year
—
—
—
—
—
At 31 December 2025
326,290
916,833
73,650
64,913
1,381,686
The accounting notes in pages 14 to 20 are an integral part of these financial statements.
14
H&F Nugent 2 Limited
Notes to the financial statements
Year ended 31 December 2025
1. Accounting policies
General information and basis of accounting
H&F Nugent 2 Limited is a Private company limited by shares incorporated in the UK under the Companies Act
2006 and is registered at the address given on page 1. The nature of the Company’s operations and its principal
activities are set out in the strategic report on page 2.
The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention and in accordance with FRS
102, the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland.
The financial statements are presented in British Sterling Pound and monetary amounts are rounded to the
nearest £’000.
This company is a qualifying entity for the purposes of FRS 102, being a member of a group where the parent of
that group prepares publicly available consolidated financial statements, including this company, which are
intended to give a true and fair view of the assets, liabilities, financial position and profit or loss of the group.
The Company has therefore taken advantage of exemptions from the following disclosure requirements:
Section 7 ‘Statement of Cash Flows’ – Presentation of a statement of cash flow and related notes and
disclosures;
Section 11 ‘Basic Financial Instruments’ and Section 12 ‘Other Financial Instrument Issues’ – Carrying
amounts, interest income/expense and net gains/losses for each category of financial instrument; basis
of determining fair values; details of collateral, loan defaults or breaches, details of hedges, hedging
fair value changes recognised in profit or loss and in other comprehensive income.
Section 33 ‘Related Party Disclosures’: Compensation for key management personnel.
The Company has taken advantage of the exemption under Section 400 of the Companies Act 2006 not to
prepare consolidated accounts. The financial statements present information about the company as an individual
entity and not about its group.
The financial statements of the company are consolidated in the financial statements of Planet Midco Limited a
Jersey registered company. With its registered address at 2nd Floor, Sir Walter Raleigh House, 48-50 Esplanade,
St Helier, Jersey, JE2 3QB. The consolidated accounts of Planet Midco Limited are filed alongside these
financial statements and can be obtained from the Registrar of Companies at Companies House.
Going concern
Budgets and forecasts have been prepared for the group which show that the group and company will continue
to meet its obligations as they fall due.
The Company had net current liabilities of £362,000 as at 31 December 2025 (2024 £362,000). The directors
have received written confirmation from Wood Mackenzie Limited of its willingness to continue to provide
adequate funding to the Company for a period at least twelve months from the date of the approval of these
financial statements. On this basis, the directors consider it appropriate to prepare the financial statements on the
going concern basis.
Investments
Investments in subsidiaries held by the company are initially measured at cost and subsequently measured at
cost less any accumulated impairment losses. A subsidiary is an entity controlled by the company. Control is the
power to govern the financial and operating policies of the entity so as to obtain benefits from its activities.
On the acquisition of a business, the gross amount paid for the business is reflected within investments. At the
end of each annual reporting period the Company assesses whether there are indicators of impairment. If there
are indications of impairment, then the recoverable amount of the investment is calculated. The recoverable
amounts are assessed by reference to the cash-generating unit’s value in use.
On disposal of a subsidiary or segment of the business, the resultant profit or loss on disposal of that subsidiary
or segment are included within the results of the Company.
15
H&F Nugent 2 Limited
Notes to the financial statements (continued)
Year ended 31 December 2025
1. Accounting policies (continued)
Financial instruments
The Company has elected to apply the provisions of Section 11 ‘Basic Financial Instruments’ and Section 12
‘Other Financial Instruments Issues’ of FRS 102 to all its financial instruments.
Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognised when the Company becomes a party to the contractual
provisions of the instrument.
Financial liabilities and equity instruments are classified according to the substance of the contractual
arrangements entered. An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of the
Company after deducting all its liabilities.
(i) Financial assets and liabilities
All financial assets and liabilities are initially measured at transaction price (including transaction costs), except
for those financial assets classified as at fair value through profit or loss, which are initially measured at fair
value (which is normally the transaction price excluding transaction costs), unless the arrangement constitutes a
financing transaction. If an arrangement constitutes a financing transaction, the financial asset or financial
liability is measured at the present value of the future payments discounted at a market rate of interest for a
similar debt instrument.
Financial assets and liabilities are only offset in the statement of financial position when, and only when there
exists a legally enforceable right to set off the recognised amounts and the Company intends either to settle on a
net basis, or to realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.
Debt instruments which meet the following conditions of being ‘basic’ financial instruments as defined in
paragraph 11.9 of FRS 102 are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method.
Debt instruments that have no stated interest rate (and do not constitute financing transaction) and are classified
as payable or receivable within one year are initially measured at an undiscounted amount of the cash or other
consideration expected to be paid or received, net of impairment.
Except for some hedging instruments, other debt instruments not meeting conditions of being ‘basic’ financial
instruments are measured at fair value through profit or loss.
Commitments to make and receive loans which meet the conditions mentioned above are measured at cost
(which may be nil) less impairment.
Financial assets are derecognised when and only when a) the contractual rights to the cash flows from the
financial asset expire or are settled, b) the Company transfers to another party substantially all of the risks and
rewards of ownership of the financial asset, or c) the Company, despite having retained some, but not all,
significant risks and rewards of ownership, has transferred control of the asset to another party.
Financial liabilities are derecognised only when the obligation specified in the contract is discharged, cancelled
or expires.
(ii) Equity instruments
Equity instruments issued by the Company are recorded at the fair value of cash or other resources received or
receivable, net of direct issue costs.
Taxation
Current tax, including UK corporation tax and foreign tax, is provided at amounts expected to be paid (or
recovered) using the tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet
date.
Deferred tax is provided in full on timing differences which result in an obligation at the balance sheet date to
pay more tax, or a right to pay less tax, at a future date, at rates expected to apply when they crystallise based on
current tax rates and law.  Timing differences arise from the inclusion of items of income and expenditure in
taxation computations in periods different from those in which they are included in financial statements. 
Deferred tax assets are recognised to the extent that, on the basis of all available evidence, it is regarded as more
likely than not that there will be suitable taxable profits from which the future reversal of underlying timing
differences can be deducted.  Deferred tax assets and liabilities are not discounted.
16
H&F Nugent 2 Limited
Notes to the financial statements (continued)
Year ended 31 December 2025
2. Critical accounting judgements and key sources of estimation uncertainty
In the application of the Company’s accounting policies, which are described in note 1, the directors are required
to make judgements (other than those involving estimations) that have a significant impact on the amounts
recognised and to make estimates and assumptions about the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities that are
not readily apparent from other sources. The estimates and associated assumptions are based on historical
experience and other factors that are relevant. Actual results may differ from these estimates.
The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates
are recognised in the period in which the estimate is revised if the revision affects only that period, or in the
period of the revision and future periods if the revision affects both current and future periods.
Critical judgements in applying the company’s accounting policies
Impairment of investments
At the end of each reporting period, the company reviews the carrying amounts of its investments to determine
whether there is any indication that those investments have suffered an impairment loss. At the end of the year,
management have determined that there are no indicators of impairment and as such no full impairment review
has been performed. In addition, the directors view the aforementioned acquisition by the affiliate of Veritas
Capital, which formally completed on 1st February 2023, as an affirmation of the strength of the business and as
a platform from which the business can continue to grow and therefore reinforces the valuation of the
investments.
The directors note no other critical judgements that have a significant effect on the amounts recognised in the
financial statements. 
Key source of estimation uncertainty
The directors note no key sources of estimation uncertainty that have a significant risk of causing a material
adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year.
3. Operating result
There were no employees in the company in either the current or preceding financial year.
The directors did not receive or accrue any remuneration in respect of their services to the company.  The
directors are remunerated by other group entities and it has not been possible to determine a split between these
entities.
At 31 December 2025 the fees payable to the auditor for the audit of the financial statements of £3,500 (2024:
£3,500) are settled by Wood Mackenzie Limited and have not been recharged in the current or prior year.
4. Taxation
2025
2024
£'000
£'000
Current taxation
UK corporation tax charge for the period
—
—
The standard rate of tax for the period, based on the UK rate of corporation tax is 25.0% ( 2024: 25.0%).
17
H&F Nugent 2 Limited
Notes to the financial statements (continued)
Year ended 31 December 2025
4. Taxation (continued)
2025
2024
£'000
£'000
Profit/(Loss) before taxation
—
—
Tax on profit at standard rate
—
—
Factors affecting the charge for the period:
Income not taxable
—
—
Group relief
(6)
6
Transfer pricing adjustment
6
(6)
Losses carried forward - deferred tax not provided
—
—
Total actual amount of current tax
—
—
5. Investments
Investment in
Subsidiaries
£'000
Shares in subsidiary companies at cost
As at 31 December 2024
1,382,048
Additions
—
As at 31 December 2025
1,382,048
As at 31 December 2025, the company held 100% of the ordinary share capital of the following company.
Country of incorporation
Principle activity
H&F Nugent 3 Limited
UK
Immediate holding company
H&F Nugent 3 Limited is an intermediate holding company with its registered office address in Scotland at
Level 3, 6 St Andrew Square, Edinburgh, United Kingdom, EH2 2BD, United Kingdom.
18
H&F Nugent 2 Limited
Notes to the financial statements (continued)
Year ended 31 December 2025
5. Investments (continued)
The following information relates to the indirect subsidiary undertakings, all shares held are ordinary shares:
Name of the company
Principal activity
Country of
Incorporation
Proportion of nominal value of
issued share capital held
H&F Nugent 4 Limited
Holding Company
UK
100%
Charterhouse Nadia 1 Limited
Holding Company
UK
100%
Charterhouse Nadia 2 Limited
Holding Company
UK
100%
Charterhouse Nadia 3 Limited
Holding Company
UK
100%
Charterhouse Nadia 4 Limited
Holding Company
UK
100%
Charterhouse Nadia 5 Limited
Holding Company
UK
100%
Wood Mackenzie Investments
Limited
Holding Company
UK
100%
Wood Mackenzie Group Limited
Holding Company
UK
100%
Wood Mackenzie Holdings Limited
Holding Company
UK
100%
Wood Mackenzie Limited
Trading
UK
100%
Wood Mackenzie CO Ltd
Trading
China
100%
Wood Mackenzie Hong Kong
Limited
Trading
Hong Kong
100%
Wood Mackenzie Japan Kabushiki
Kaisha
Trading
Japan
100%
Wood Mackenzie Australia Pty
Limited
Trading
Australia
100%
Wood Mackenzie India Private
Limited
Trading
India
100%
Wood Mackenzie (Nigeria) Limited
Trading
Nigeria
100%
Wood Mackenzie Canada Limited
Trading
Canada
100%
Wood Mackenzie Peru S.r.l
Trading
Peru
100%
Wood Mackenzie Asia Pacific PTE
Ltd
Trading
Singapore
100%
Wood Mackenzie Malaysia
Trading
Malaysia
100%
Wood Mackenzie Argentina S.r.l.
Trading
Argentina
100%
Wood Mackenzie de Mexico S. de
R.L. de CV
Trading
Mexico
100%
PCI Xylenes & Polyesters China
Limited
Dormant company
Hong Kong
100%
PCI Xylenes & Polyesters Asia
SDN.BHD
Dormant company
Malaysia
100%
PCI Research GmbH
Trading
Germany
100%
Wood Mackenzie A/S
Trading
Denmark
100%
Commodity Vectors Limited
Trading
UK
100%
Commodity Vectors (Ireland) Limited
Trading
Ireland
100%
Petrotranz Inc.
Trading
Canada
100%
Genscape Japan K.K.
Trading
Japan
100%
Energy Fundamentals Gmbh
Trading
Germany
100%
Wood Mackenzie do Brasil Ltda
Trading
Brazil
100%
Wood Mackenzie Research &
Consulting Company Ecuador
Dormant
Ecuador
100%
19
H&F Nugent 2 Limited
Notes to the financial statements (continued)
Year ended 31 December 2025
5. Investments (continued)
The following information relates to the registered office address of the indirect subsidiary undertakings:
Name of the company
Registered Office Address
H&F Nugent 4 Limited
Level 3, 6 St Andrew Square, Edinburgh, EH2 2BD
Charterhouse Nadia 1 Limited
Level 3, 6 St Andrew Square, Edinburgh, EH2 2BD
Charterhouse Nadia 2 Limited
Level 3, 6 St Andrew Square, Edinburgh, EH2 2BD
Charterhouse Nadia 3 Limited
Level 3, 6 St Andrew Square, Edinburgh, EH2 2BD
Charterhouse Nadia 4 Limited
Level 3, 6 St Andrew Square, Edinburgh, EH2 2BD
Charterhouse Nadia 5 Limited
Level 3, 6 St Andrew Square, Edinburgh, EH2 2BD
Wood Mackenzie Investments Limited
Level 3, 6 St Andrew Square, Edinburgh, EH2 2BD
Wood Mackenzie Group Limited
Level 3, 6 St Andrew Square, Edinburgh, EH2 2BD
Wood Mackenzie Holdings Limited
Level 3, 6 St Andrew Square, Edinburgh, EH2 2BD
Wood Mackenzie Limited
Level 3, 6 St Andrew Square, Edinburgh, EH2 2BD
Wood Mackenzie CO Ltd
2619 China World Office, 1 China World Trade Center,
No.1 Jianguomenwai Avenue, Beijing 100004 China
Wood Mackenzie Hong Kong Limited
VC House, 4-6 On Lau Street, Central, Hong Kong
Wood Mackenzie Australia Pty Limited
Level 13, 50 Pitt Street, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia
Wood Mackenzie Japan Kabushiki Kaisha
Tekko Building, 1-8-2 Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku Tokyo
100-0005, Japan
Wood Mackenzie India Private Limited
Plot 838, Sector 38, Gurugram 122001, Haryana
Wood Mackenzie (Nigeria) Limited
Rivers House, 83 Ralph Shodeinde St, CBD, Abuja
Wood Mackenzie Canada Limited
335, 8th Avenue SW, Calgary, AB T2P 1C9, Canada
Wood Mackenzie Peru S.r.l
Jiron Huascar, 2055 Jesus Maria, Lima 11, Peru
Wood Mackenzie Asia Pacific PTE Limited
3 Church  Street, #29-01 Samsung Hub, Singapore
049483
Wood Mackenzie Malaysia
Unit 1110, 15 Jalan16/11,Off Jalan Damansara, Selangor
46350
Wood Mackenzie Argentina S.r.l.
Avenida del Libertador 101, Piso 10, Buenos Aires, Arg.
Wood Mackenzie de Mexico S. de R.L. de CV
Paseo de la Reforma 483, Cuauhtemoc, 06500 Ciudad de
Mexico, CDMX
PCI Xylenes & Polyesters China Limited
VC House, 4-6 On Lau Street, Central, Hong Kong
PCI Xylenes & Polyesters Asia SDN.BHD
Menara Maxis, Kuala Lumpur City Centre, Kuala
Lumpur 50088
PCI Research GmbH
Holzweg 14, 61440 Oberursel, Hessen, Germany
Wood Mackenzie A/S
Sonder Alle 9, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
Commodity Vectors Limited
Broadgate Tower, Primrose Street, London, EC2A 2EW
Commodity Vectors (Ireland) Limited
Iveagh Court, Harcourt Road, Dublin 2, Ireland
Petrotranz Inc.
3500, 855-2 Street SW, Calgary, Alberta, T2P4J8,
Canada
Genscape Japan K.K.
Ark Hills Sengokuyama Mori Tower 28F 1-9-10
Roppongi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 106-0032, Japan
Energy Fundamentals Gmbh
Taxcoach AG, Seestrasse 344 8038, Zurich, Switzerland
Wood Mackenzie do Brasil Ltda
Alameda Santos, 200, Edif Victoria Plaza Conj 503 Bela
Vista
Wood Mackenzie Research & Consulting Company
Ecuador
Av. 12 de Octubre N26-48 Lincoln
20
H&F Nugent 2 Limited
Notes to the financial statements (continued)
Year ended 31 December 2025
6. Creditors: amounts falling due within one year
2025
2024
£'000
£'000
Amounts falling due within one year
Amounts owed to other group related undertakings
362
362
362
362
Amounts due to direct/indirect subsidiaries are unsecured, repayable on demand and do not accrue interest.
7. Called-up share capital
2025
2024
2025
2024
Number
Number
£'000
£'000
Called-up, allotted and fully paid
Ordinary shares of £1.00 each
326,290,270
326,290,270
326,290
326,290
326,290,270
326,290,270
326,290
326,290
8. Share Premium
2025
2024
£'000
£'000
Share Premium
73,650
73,650
73,650
73,650
Consideration received for shares issued above their nominal value net of transaction costs.
9. Capital contribution
2025
2024
£'000
£'000
Capital Contribution
916,833
916,833
916,833
916,833
10. Ultimate controlling party
The immediate parent entity is H&F Nugent 1 Limited, which has a registered address in the UK, Level 3, 6 St
Andrew Square, Edinburgh, EH2 2BD. 
At 31 December 2025 , Veritas Capital, a global US based private equity fund and is headquartered in New York
City, New York, United States, was the controlling party. The ultimate parent company is Planet TopCo LP, a
holding company registered in Delaware in the United States of America.
11. Post balance sheet events
There are no post balance sheet events to note.

Group Registration No.  145864
Planet Midco Limited
Annual Report and Financial Statements
For the year ended 31 December 2025
Planet Midco Limited
Annual report and financial statements
Contents                                                                                                 
3
Planet Midco Limited
Officers and professional advisers
Directors
Jason Chou Liu
Christopher David Grieve
Sumit Kevin Khatod
Bahaa Eddine Naamani
Group Secretary
Maples Group Secretary (Jersey Limited)
Registered office
2nd Floor
Sir Walter Raleigh House
48–50 Esplanade
St Helier
JE2 3QB
Bankers
JPMorgan Chase bank, N.A. - London branch
25 Bank Street
Canary Wharf
London
E14 5JP
Solicitors
Dickson Minto WS
Level 3
6 St Andrew Square
Edinburgh
EH2 2BD
Independent Auditor
RSM UK Audit LLP
Third Floor
2 Semple Street
Edinburgh
EH3 8BL
United Kingdom
4
Planet Midco Limited
Directors’ report
For the year ended 31 December 2025
The Directors present their annual report and the audited financial statements for the year ended 31 December
2025 for Planet Midco Limited (the “Group”). 
Principal activities
The principal activity of the Group is that of a specialist provider of research products and consultancy services
to the Energy, Mining, Metals and Petrochemical industries.
Events after the balance sheet date
During the financial year, the Group entered into a significant lease agreement for office premises in Edinburgh.
The lease commenced on 1 April 2026 and has a term of 15 years, with annual rentals of $1.6 million. The
directors consider this commitment to be in the best interests of the Company and consistent with its strategic
objectives of securing a more suitable premises to support the ongoing needs of the business. Further details are
provided in note 18 to the financial statements.
Dividends
No dividends were paid during the current or prior year.
Directors
The Directors who held office throughout the year and to the date of this report, except as noted below
Simon Paul Crowe
Resigned
16 January 2025
Jason Chou Liu
Christopher David Grieve
Appointed
16 January 2025
Sumit Kevin Khatod
Appointed
15 June 2025
Aneal Krishnan
Resigned
15 June 2025
Bahaa Eddine Naamani
Qualifying third party indemnity provisions
The Group has made qualifying third-party indemnity provisions for the benefit of its directors (which extend to
the performance of any duties as a director of any associated company) and these remain in force at the date of
this report.
Research and development
During 2025, the Group continued to develop and improve its product offerings whilst also enhancing the client
experience through development of its delivery platform.
Employee involvement
As a key part of the Group’s philosophy, we place great importance on involving our staff in our operations. 
Regular meetings are held between management, employees and employee representatives through which we
seek to keep staff informed and involved in the progress and performance of the Group.
Political contributions and charitable donations
The Group made no political contributions during the year and made charitable contributions of $0.1 million
(2024: $0.1 million)
Employment of disabled persons
Our policy is to give full and fair consideration to applications for employment made by disabled persons having
regard to their particular aptitudes and abilities.  This policy has the commitment that appropriate training will
5
Planet Midco Limited
Directors’ report (continued)
For the year ended 31 December 2025
be arranged for disabled persons, including retraining for alternative work of employees who become disabled,
to promote their career development within the Group.
Going concern
The directors believe it continues to be appropriate to prepare the accounts on the basis of going concern as set
out in the going concern accounting policy in note 1 to the financial statements.
Independent Auditor
Each of the persons who is a director at the date of approval of this report confirms that:
• so far as the director is aware, there is no relevant audit information of which the Group's
auditor is unaware; and
• the director has taken all the steps that he/she ought to have taken as a director in order to
make himself/herself aware of any relevant audit information and to establish that the Group's
auditor is aware of that information.
A resolution was agreed by the directors to appoint RSM as auditors in 2025. The directors confirm that RSM,
who have indicated their willingness to continue in office, will remain as the company's auditors for the next
financial year.
Approved by the Board of Directors on 24 September 2026 and signed on behalf of the Board.
Christopher David Grieve
Director
Level 3
6 St Andrew Square
Edinburgh
EH2 2BD
6
Planet Midco Limited
Directors’ responsibilities statement
For the year ended 31 December 2025
The directors are responsible for preparing the Directors’ Report and the financial statements in accordance with
applicable law and regulations.
Jersey company law requires the directors to prepare Group financial statements for a period of not more than 18
months in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. The directors have elected under Jersey
company law to prepare the Group financial statements in accordance with United Kingdom Accounting
Standards.
The financial statements of the Group are required by law to give a true and fair view of the state of the Group’s
affairs at the end of the financial period and of the profit or loss of the Group for that period. The Group
financial statements are also required by United Kingdom Accounting Standards to present fairly the financial
position and performance of the Group.
In preparing the Group financial statements, the directors should:
• select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently;
• make judgements and estimates that are reasonable and prudent;
• for the Group financial statements, state whether they have been prepared in accordance with United
Kingdom Accounting Standards;  and
• prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that the
Group will continue in business.
The directors are responsible for keeping accounting records which are sufficient to show and explain the
Group’s transactions and are such as to disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of
the Group and enable them to ensure that the financial statements comply with the requirements of the
Companies (Jersey) Law 1991. They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the Group and hence for
taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities.
7
Planet Midco Limited
Non-Statutory Independent Auditor’s report to the directors of Planet Midco Limited
For the year ended 31 December 2025
Opinion
We have audited the financial statements of Planet Midco Limited (the ‘parent company’) and its subsidiaries
(the ‘group’) for the year ended 31 December 2025 which comprise the Consolidated statement of
comprehensive income, Consolidated statement of financial position, Consolidated statement of cashflows,
Consolidated statement of changes in equity, and notes to the financial statements, including significant
accounting policies.  The financial reporting framework that has been applied in their preparation is applicable
law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards, including FRS 102 “The Financial Reporting Standard
applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland”.
In our opinion, the financial statements:
• give a true and fair view of the state of the group’s affairs as at 31 December 2025 and of the group’s
loss for the year then ended;
• have been properly prepared in accordance with United Kingdom Accounting Standards; and
• have been properly prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Companies (Jersey) Law 1991.
Basis for opinion
We conducted our audit in accordance with International Standards on Auditing (UK) (ISAs (UK)). Our
responsibilities under those standards are further described in the Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the
financial statements section of our non-statutory report. We are independent of the group and the parent
company in accordance with the ethical requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in
the UK, including the FRC’s Ethical Standard, and we have fulfilled our other ethical responsibilities in
accordance with these requirements. We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is sufficient and
appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.
Conclusions relating to going concern
In auditing the financial statements, we have concluded that the directors’ use of the going concern basis of
accounting in the preparation of the financial statements is appropriate.
Based on the work we have performed, we have not identified any material uncertainties relating to events or
conditions that, individually or collectively, may cast significant doubt on the group’s ability to continue as a
going concern for a period of at least twelve months from when the financial statements are authorised for issue.
Our responsibilities and the responsibilities of the directors with respect to going concern are described in the
relevant sections of this report.
Other information
The other information comprises the information included in the annual report, other than the financial
statements and our non-statutory auditor’s report thereon. The directors are responsible for the other information
contained within the annual report. Our non-statutory opinion on the financial statements does not cover the
other information and we do not express any form of assurance conclusion thereon.
Our responsibility is to read the other information and, in doing so, consider whether the other information is
materially inconsistent with the financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the course of the audit or
otherwise appears to be materially misstated. If we identify such material inconsistencies or apparent material
misstatements, we are required to determine whether this gives rise to a material misstatement in the financial
statements themselves. If, based on the work we have performed, we conclude that there is a material
misstatement of this other information, we are required to report that fact.
We have nothing to report in this regard.
Responsibilities of directors
As explained more fully in the directors’ responsibilities statement set out on page 6, the directors are
responsible for the preparation of the financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair
view, and for such internal control as the directors determine is necessary to enable the preparation of financial
statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error.
8
Planet Midco Limited
Non-Statutory Independent Auditor’s report to the directors of Planet Midco Limited (continued)
For the year ended 31 December 2025
In preparing the financial statements, the directors are responsible for assessing the group’s ability to continue as
a going concern, disclosing, as applicable, matters related to going concern and using the going concern basis of
accounting unless the directors either intend to liquidate the group or to cease operations, or have no realistic
alternative but to do so.
Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements
Our objectives are to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free
from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditor’s report that includes our
opinion. Reasonable assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in
accordance with ISAs (UK) will always detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise
from fraud or error and are considered material if, individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be
expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on the basis of these financial statements.
The extent to which the audit was considered capable of detecting irregularities, including fraud
Irregularities are instances of non-compliance with laws and regulations.  The objectives of our audit are to
obtain sufficient appropriate audit evidence regarding compliance with laws and regulations that have a direct
effect on the determination of material amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, to perform audit
procedures to help identify instances of non-compliance with other laws and regulations that may have a
material effect on the financial statements, and to respond appropriately to identified or suspected non-
compliance with laws and regulations identified during the audit. 
In relation to fraud, the objectives of our audit are to identify and assess the risk of material misstatement of the
financial statements due to fraud, to obtain sufficient appropriate audit evidence regarding the assessed risks of
material misstatement due to fraud through designing and implementing appropriate responses and to respond
appropriately to fraud or suspected fraud identified during the audit. 
However, it is the primary responsibility of management, with the oversight of those charged with governance,
to ensure that the entity's operations are conducted in accordance with the provisions of laws and regulations and
for the prevention and detection of fraud.
In identifying and assessing risks of material misstatement in respect of irregularities, including fraud, the group
audit engagement team:
• obtained an understanding of the nature of the industry and sector, including the legal and regulatory
framework, that the group operates in and how the group is complying with the legal and regulatory
frameworks;
• inquired of management, and those charged with governance, about their own identification and
assessment of the risks of irregularities, including any known actual, suspected or alleged instances of
fraud;
• discussed matters about non-compliance with laws and regulations and how fraud might occur
including assessment of how and where the financial statements may be susceptible to fraud.
As a result of these procedures we consider the most significant laws and regulations that have a direct impact
on the financial statements are FRS 102, the Companies (Jersey) Law 1991 and tax compliance regulations.  We
performed audit procedures to detect non-compliances which may have a material impact on the financial
statements which included reviewing financial statement disclosures, inspecting correspondence with local tax
authorities and evaluating advice received from internal/external tax advisors.
The group audit engagement team identified the risk of management override of controls and valuation of
investments as the area where the financial statements were most susceptible to material misstatement due to
fraud.  Audit procedures performed included but were not limited to testing manual journal entries and other
adjustments, assessing whether the judgements made in making accounting estimates are indicative of a
potential bias, and evaluating whether the business rationale of any significant transactions that are unusual or
outside the normal course of business.
A further description of our responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements is included in appendix 1 of
this non-statutory auditor’s report. This description, which is located at page 10 forms part of our non-statutory
auditor’s report. 
9
Planet Midco Limited
Non-Statutory Independent Auditor’s report to the directors of Planet Midco Limited (continued)
For the year ended 31 December 2025
Use of our report
This non-statutory report is made solely to the company’s directors, for their confidential use, in accordance
with our engagement letter dated as if Article 113A of the Companies (Jersey) Law 1991 applied.  Our non-
statutory audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the company’s directors those matters we are
engaged to state to them in a non-statutory auditor’s report and for no other purpose.  To the fullest extent
permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other than the company and the
company’s directors, for our non-statutory audit work, for this non-statutory report, or for the opinions we have
formed.     
Alan Aitchison
For and on behalf of RSM UK AUDIT LLP, Auditor
Chartered Accountants
Third Floor
2 Semple Street
Edinburgh
EH3 8BL
24 September 2026
10
Planet Midco Limited
Non-Statutory Independent Auditor’s report to the directors of Planet Midco Limited (continued)
For the year ended 31 December 2025
Appendix 1: Auditor’s responsibilities for the audit of the financial Statements
As part of an audit in accordance with ISAs (UK), we exercise professional judgement and maintain
professional scepticism throughout the audit. We also:
• Identify and assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to fraud
or error, design and perform audit procedures responsive to those risks, and obtain audit evidence that
is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion. The risk of not detecting a material
misstatement resulting from fraud is higher than for one resulting from error as fraud may involve
collusion, forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations, or the override of internal control.  We
include an explanation in the non-statutory auditor’s report of the extent to which the audit was capable
of detecting irregularities, including fraud.
• Obtain an understanding of internal control relevant to the audit in order to design audit procedures that
are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the
effectiveness of the group’s internal control.
• Evaluate the appropriateness of accounting policies used and the reasonableness of accounting
estimates and related disclosures made by the directors.
• Conclude on the appropriateness of the directors’ use of the going concern basis of accounting and,
based on the audit evidence obtained, whether a material uncertainty exists related to events or
conditions that may cast significant doubt on the group’s ability to continue as a going concern. If we
conclude that the use of the going concern basis of accounting is appropriate and no material
uncertainties have been identified, we report these conclusions in the non-statutory auditor’s report. If
we conclude that a material uncertainty exists, we are required to draw attention in our non-statutory
auditor’s report to the related disclosures in the financial statements or, if such disclosures are
inadequate, to modify our opinion. Our conclusions are based on the audit evidence obtained up to the
date of our non-statutory auditor’s report. However, future events or conditions may cause the group to
cease to continue as a going concern.
• Evaluate the overall presentation, structure and content of the financial statements, including the
disclosures, and whether the financial statements represent the underlying transactions and events in a
manner that achieves fair presentation (i.e. gives a true and fair view).
• Obtain sufficient appropriate audit evidence regarding the financial information of the entities or
business activities within the group to express an opinion on the consolidated financial statements. We
are responsible for the direction, supervision and performance of the group audit. We remain solely
responsible for our audit opinion.
We communicate with those charged with governance regarding, among other matters, the planned scope and
timing of the audit and significant audit findings, including any significant deficiencies in internal control that
we identify during our audit.
11
Planet Midco Limited
Consolidated statement of comprehensive loss
For the year ended 31 December 2025
Year ended 31
December 2025
Year ended  31
December 2024
Restated
Note
$'000
$'000
Revenue
3
456,277
436,887
Own work capitalised
57,663
63,156
Staff costs
(201,430)
(194,630)
Depreciation and amortization of tangible and intangible assets
(207,469)
(173,936)
Loss on disposal of tangible and intangible assets
(67)
(4,394)
Other operating charges
4
(225,146)
(218,016)
Foreign transactions gains and losses, net
(12,741)
(9,369)
Interest income
1,978
3,200
Interest expense
(72,648)
(89,042)
Loss before income taxes
(203,583)
(186,144)
Net tax credit
7
36,265
35,653
Net loss
(167,318)
(150,491)
Comprehensive (loss) income:
Net loss
(167,318)
(150,491)
Foreign currency translation adjustment
158,321
(15,703)
Comprehensive loss
(8,997)
(166,194)
The accounting notes in pages 15 to 38 are an integral part of these financial statements.
12
Planet Midco Limited
Consolidated statement of financial position
As at 31 December 2025
2025
2024
Note
In $'000
In $'000
Non-current assets
Goodwill
8
1,044,473
1,028,459
Intangible assets
8
1,583,008
1,549,379
Tangible assets
9
6,131
7,633
Right-of-use assets,
10
13,848
18,070
Other Non-current assets
4,282
5,791
2,651,742
2,609,332
Current assets
Debtors
11
340,499
316,665
Cash at bank and in hand
91,940
87,300
432,439
403,965
Creditors: amounts falling due within one year
12
(560,033)
(458,594)
Net current liabilities
(127,594)
(54,629)
Total assets less current liabilities
2,524,148
2,554,703
Creditors: amounts falling due after one year
12
(947,232)
(947,907)
Provisions for liabilities
14
(281,798)
(304,645)
Net assets
1,295,118
1,302,151
Capital and reserves
Share capital
15
58
58
Share premium
1,543,549
1,543,549
Share-based payment reserve
5,668
3,704
Profit and loss account
(444,877)
(277,559)
Foreign currency translation reserve
190,720
32,399
Total equity
1,295,118
1,302,151
The accounting notes in pages 15 to 38 are an integral part of these financial statements.   The financial
statements of Planet Midco Limited, registered number 145864 (Jersey), were approved by the Board of
Directors.
Signed on behalf of the Board of Directors
…………………………………………………
Christopher David Grieve
Director
24 September 2026
13
Planet Midco Limited
Consolidated statement of cash flows
For the year ended 31 December 2025
For the year
ended 31
December 2025
For the year
ended31
December 2024
In $'000
In $'000
Operating Activities
Loss before income taxes
(203,583)
(186,144)
Adjustment for:
  Foreign transactions (gains)/losses, net
12,741
9,369
  Interest expense (income), net
70,670
85,842
  Amortisation on intangible assets
197,112
163,947
  Depreciation on tangible assets and leases
3,674
3,592
  Depreciation on right-of-use assets
6,681
6,397
  Loss on disposal of intangible and tangible assets
67
4,394
  Share based payment compensation
1,964
2,222
Other
—
2,264
Operating cash flow before movement in working capital
89,326
91,883
  Decrease/(Increase) in trade and other debtors
34,333
(199,350)
  Increase in trade and other creditors
36,833
236,101
Cash generated from operations
160,492
128,634
Taxation received/(paid)
(9,393)
11,086
Interest paid
(79,110)
(109,593)
Net cash provided by operations
71,989
30,127
Investing Activities
Purchase of intangible assets
(57,663)
(63,156)
Purchase of tangible assets
(2,490)
(3,249)
Interest received
1,978
3,200
Net cash used in investing activities
(58,175)
(63,205)
Financing Activities
Payments for lease liabilities
(8,998)
(5,948)
Payments for lease liabilities interest
(1,849)
(2,067)
Net cash used in financing activities
(10,847)
(8,015)
Net increase/(decrease) in cash at bank and on hand
2,967
(41,093)
Cash at bank and on hand at beginning of the period
87,300
124,198
Effect of foreign exchange rate changes
1,673
4,195
Cash at bank and on hand at end of the period
91,940
87,300
 
The accounting notes in pages15 to  38 are an integral part of these financial statements.
14
Planet Midco Limited
Consolidated statement of changes in equity
For the year ended 31 December 2025
Called-up
Share
Capital
Share
premium
account
Share
based
payment
reserve
Profit and
loss
account
Foreign
currency
translation
reserve
Total
$'000
$'000
$'000
$'000
$'000
$'000
At 01 January 2024
58
1,543,549
1,482
(127,068)
48,102
1,466,123
Loss for the year and other total
comprehensive loss
—
—
—
(150,491)
(15,703)
(166,194)
Share based payment compensation
—
—
2,222
—
—
2,222
At 31 December 2024
58
1,543,549
3,704
(277,559)
32,399
1,302,151
Loss for the year and other total
comprehensive loss
—
—
—
(167,318)
158,321
(8,997)
Share based payment compensation
—
—
1,964
—
—
1,964
At 31 December 2025
58
1,543,549
5,668
(444,877)
190,720
1,295,118
The accounting notes in pages 15 to 38 are an integral part of these financial statements.
15
Planet Midco Limited
Notes to the financial statements
Year ended 31 December 2025
1. Accounting policies
The accounting policies set out below apply to  Planet Midco Limited (the “Group”). 
General information and basis of accounting
Planet Midco Limited is a Group incorporated in Jersey under the Companies (Jersey) Law 1991 and is
registered at the address given on page 1. The nature of the Group's operations and its principal activities are set
out in the directors’ report on page 2.
The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost convention and in accordance with FRS
102, the Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland.
The financial statements are presented in United States Dollars and monetary amounts are rounded to the nearest
$'000.
Change in presentation of statement of profit and loss
During the year, the Group changed the presentation of its profit and loss account. This represents a voluntary
change in accounting policy under FRS 102 Section 10, applied retrospectively.
The directors consider that the new presentation provides more relevant and reliable information to users of the
financial statements, removing the need for judgmental reallocation adjustments previously required to present
expenditure by function.
The change is presentational only and has had no effect on previously reported profit or loss, total
comprehensive income, or net assets for the current or comparative period. The financial information for ended
31 December 2024 has been re-presented on a consistent basis and is labelled "Restated" on the consolidated
statement of comprehensive loss.
Adoption FRS 102 2024 Amendments
The Group has chosen to adopt the amendments to FRS 102 issued in March 2024 as part of the FRC’s periodic
review. These amendments are effective for accounting periods beginning on or after 1 January 2026, but the
Group has elected to apply them early for the financial year ended 31 December 2024, in accordance with the
transitional provisions set out in the standard.
Consolidation
The consolidated financial statements incorporate those of Planet Midco Limited and all its subsidiaries (i.e.
entities that the Group controls through its power to govern the financial and operating policies to obtain
economic benefits). Subsidiaries acquired during the period are consolidated using the purchase method. Their
results are incorporated from the date that control passes.
All financial statements are made up to 31 December 2025. Where necessary, adjustments are made to the
financial statements of subsidiaries to bring the accounting policies used in line with those used by other
members of the Group.
All intra-Group transactions, balances and unrealised gains on transactions between group companies are
eliminated on consolidation. Unrealised losses are also eliminated unless the transaction provides evidence of an
impairment of the asset transferred.
The cost of a business combination is the fair value at the acquisition date of the assets given, equity instruments
issued, and liabilities incurred or assumed, plus costs directly attributable to the business combination. The
excess of the cost of a business combination over the fair value of the identifiable assets, liabilities and
contingent liabilities acquired is recognised as goodwill.
Going concern
Although the group made a loss and is in a net current liability position, budgets and forecasts have been
prepared for the Group which show that it will continue to be meet its obligations as they fall due. The directors
have also received written confirmation from respective group entities that are owed funds of their willingness
16
Planet Midco Limited
Notes to the financial statements
Year ended 31 December 2025
1. Accounting policies (continued)
Going concern (continued)
to continue to provide adequate funding to the group for a period at least twelve months from the date of the
approval of these financial statements.
On this basis, the directors consider it appropriate to prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis.
In making their assessment, the Directors have considered a period of at least 12 months from the date of
approval of these financial statements.
Intangible fixed assets
Goodwill
Under FRS 102, goodwill has been amortised on a straight-line basis and charged in the year after acquisition to
the consolidated statement of comprehensive loss over twenty years as the directors believe that the acquired
businesses have useful economic life on the basis of their assessment of the strength of the acquired brands, the
underlying businesses and their assets including their intellectual property, research data, customer relationships
and market position, as evidenced by the strength of historic and projected cash flows.
In addition to this amortisation treatment goodwill is subject to a further annual impairment test based on a
discounted future cash flow model to ensure it reflects a true and fair view of the carrying value.
Database
The databases, which have been directly acquired from acquired businesses, have a value which is substantial
and long term, and were attributed a fair value on acquisition. Such assets are only recognised where title is
clear, earnings are separately identifiable, and the assets could be sold separately from the rest of the business.
Under FRS 102 the databases are amortised on a straight-line basis to the consolidated statement of
comprehensive loss over a twenty-year period recognising the likely future cashflows that these databases will
generate.  The research data within the databases, regarding historical and geographic trends and statistics in oil
and gas reserves production and costs, generates direct third-party subscription income streams and cash flows
over the long term.  Any ancillary costs in maintaining and updating the research data are expensed as incurred. 
Consequently, the directors are of the opinion that the enduring value of the databases are supported and
evidenced by the related third-party subscriber base and the consistent annual renewal rate therein.  In the
opinion of the directors, the databases have a long useful economic life in their current state and, subject to
annual impairment reviews based on a discounted cash flow model, are amortised over a twenty-year period. 
The directors are of the opinion that this amortisation period combined with the impairment review gives a true
and fair view.
Development costs
Where a specific project meets the recognition criteria of FRS 102 Section 18 ‘Intangible Assets Other than
Goodwill' the related product development costs are capitalised and amortised on a straight-line basis to the
statement of comprehensive income over the expected life of the specific product developed, being three years. 
Design and content website development costs are capitalised only to the extent that they lead to the creation of
an enduring asset delivering measurable economic benefits at least as great as the amount capitalised.  If there is
insufficient evidence on which to base reasonable estimates of the economic benefits that will be generated in
the period until the design and content are next updated, the costs of developing the design and content are
charged to the consolidated statement of comprehensive income as incurred.
Development costs have been capitalised in accordance with FRS 102 Section 18 Intangible Assets other than
Goodwill and are therefore not treated, for dividend purposes, as a realised loss.
Sales Relationships
Sales relationships which were acquired in a business combination are recognised at fair value at the acquisition
date. Customer relationships have a finite useful life and are carried at cost less accumulated amortisation.
Amortisation is charged to the statement of comprehensive income and is calculated using the straight-line
method to allocate the cost of sales relationships over their estimated useful lives of 20 years.
17
Planet Midco Limited
Notes to the financial statements
Year ended 31 December 2025
1. Accounting policies (continued)
Tangible fixed assets
Tangible fixed assets are initially measured at cost and subsequently measured at cost, net of depreciation and
any provision for impairment.
Depreciation as included in the statement of comprehensive income is provided so as to write off the cost of
tangible fixed assets in equal instalments over the estimated useful economic lives of the assets.  The rates of
depreciation are as follows:
Leasehold improvementsOver the life of the lease
Computer equipment 3 years
Fixtures & fittings 3 – 10 years
Leases
Right-of-use assets
A right-of-use asset is recognised at the commencement date of a lease. The right-of-use asset is measured at
cost, which comprises the initial amount of the lease liability, adjusted for, as applicable, any lease payments
made at or before the commencement date net of any lease incentives received, any initial direct costs incurred,
and, except where included in the cost of inventories, an estimate of costs expected to be incurred for
dismantling and removing the underlying asset, and restoring the site or asset.
Right-of-use assets are depreciated on a straight-line basis over the unexpired period of the lease or the
estimated useful life of the asset, whichever is the shorter. Where the Group expects to obtain ownership of the
leased asset at the end of the lease term, the depreciation is over its estimated useful life. Right-of use assets are
subject to impairment or adjusted for any remeasurement of lease liabilities.
The Group leases property, primarily office buildings. The estimated useful life of the leased assets ranges from
approximately one to eight years.
The Group has elected not to recognise a right-of-use asset and corresponding lease liability for short-term
leases with terms of 12 months or less and leases of low-value assets. Lease payments on these assets are
expensed to profit or loss as incurred.
The Group applies the short-term lease recognition exemption to its short-term leases (i.e., those leases that have
a lease term of 12 months or less from the commencement date and do not contain a purchase option). It also
applies the lease of low-value assets recognition exemption that are considered low-value. Lease payments on
short term leases and leases of low-value assets are recognised as expense on a straight-line basis over the lease
term.
For several leases, the Group has renewal/extension options. The Group applies judgement in evaluating
whether it is reasonably certain to exercise the option to renew. That is, it considers all relevant factors that
create an economic incentive for it to exercise the renewal. After the commencement date, the Group reassesses
the lease term if there is a significant event or change in circumstances that is within its control and affects its
ability to exercise (or not to exercise) the option to renew (e.g., a change in business strategy).
The assessment of whether the Group is reasonably certain to exercise such options impacts the lease term,
which significantly affects the amount of lease liabilities and right-of-use asset recognised.
Lease liabilities
A lease liability is recognised at the commencement date of a lease. The lease liability is initially recognised at
the present value of the lease payments to be made over the term of the lease, discounted using the interest rate
implicit in the lease or, if that rate cannot be readily determined, the Group chooses on a lease-by-lease basis to
apply either the Group’s incremental borrowing rate (IBR) or the Group’s obtainable borrowing rate.
18
Planet Midco Limited
Notes to the financial statements
Year ended 31 December 2025
1. Accounting policies (continued)
Lease payments comprise of fixed payments less any lease incentives receivable, variable lease payments that
depend on an index or a rate, amounts expected to be paid under residual value guarantees, exercise price of a
purchase option when the exercise of the option is reasonably certain to occur, and any anticipated termination
penalties. The variable lease payments that do not depend on an index or a rate are expensed in the period in
which they are incurred.
Lease liabilities are measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method. The carrying amounts are
remeasured if there is a change in the following: future lease payments arising from a change in an index or a
rate used; residual guarantee; lease term; certainty of a purchase option and termination penalties. When a lease
liability is remeasured, an adjustment is made to the corresponding right-of use asset, or to profit or loss if the
carrying amount of the right-of-use asset is fully written down.
The Group has applied judgement to determine the lease term, which significantly affects the amount of the
right of use asset and lease liabilities recognised.
Revenue recognition
Revenue is recognised through recurring and non-recurring long-term agreements (generally one to three years)
for hosted subscriptions, advisory/consulting services, and for transactional solutions. The Group’s revenues are
primarily derived from the sale of services where revenue is recognised when control of the promised services is
transferred to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration that the Group expects to be entitled to in
exchange for those services. Fees for services provided by the Group to customers are nonrefundable. Revenue
is recognised net of applicable sales tax withholdings.
Hosted subscriptions (Research)
The Group offers hosted subscriptions where customers access content only through its online portal (the
"hosted subscription") for a defined period of time with no contractual right to take possession of the online
portal at any time and no engagement with another party to host the online portal and related content. In
addition, the Group provides continuous access to its online portal and updates the content throughout the
subscription period. Hosted subscription is a single performance obligation that represents a series of distinct
services (daily access to the Group's online portal and related content) that are substantially the same and that
have the same pattern of transfer to customers. The Group recognizes revenue for hosted subscriptions rateably
over the subscription period on a straight-line basis as services are performed and continuous access to
information in its online portal is provided.
Subscriptions are generally paid in advance of rendering services either quarterly or annually upon
commencement of the subscription period, which is usually for one year and in most instances automatically
renewed each year.
Advisory/Consultancy services
The Group provides certain discrete project based advisory/consulting services. Advisory/consulting services
contracts are either fixed-price or time-and-materials contract types. 
Revenue from fixed-price contracts is recognised over time by measuring the progress toward complete
satisfaction of the performance obligation, based on the input method of consulting hours worked. The hours
consumed are most reflective of the measure of progress towards satisfying the performance obligation, as the
resources hours worked directly tie to the progress of the services to be provided.  The process requires the
Group to use professional judgment when assessing risks and making assumptions for schedule and technical
issues. The Group periodically reassesses its assumptions and updates its estimates as needed.
Revenue from time-and-materials contracts is recognised based on the actual number of hours expended at the
contracted billing rates, plus any reimbursable out‑of‑pocket costs of materials or other direct expenses. 
Costs to obtain a contract
The incremental costs of obtaining a contract with a customer, which primarily consist of sales commissions, are
expensed in Selling, general and administrative when the commission is earned. The Group has elected the
practical expedient treatment for commissions on the basis that commissions are earned yearly and are linked to
customer contracts that do not exceed 12 months.  If commissions have been earned but are not yet paid, the
Group recognizes a liability for these amounts in accrued expenses within the consolidated statement of
financial position.
19
Planet Midco Limited
Notes to the financial statements
Year ended 31 December 2025
1. Accounting policies (continued)
Contract balances
The timing of revenue recognition, billings, and cash collections results in billed accounts receivable (trade
receivables), unbilled receivables (contract assets), and customer advances and deposits (contract liabilities) on
the consolidated statement of financial position. Amounts are billed in accordance with agreed-upon contractual
billing schedule (e.g., quarterly, annually).
Contract assets
Contract assets are generated when contractual billing schedules differ from revenue recognition timing.
Contract assets relate to the Group’s right to consideration for performance obligations satisfied but not billed at
the reporting date on contracts (i.e., unbilled revenue). The Group typically invoices customers for Hosted
Subscriptions in advance with payment due before the start of the subscription term, ranging from one to three
years. Contract assets are billed and transferred to customer accounts receivable when the Group’s right to
consideration becomes unconditional. The Group records the amounts collected in advance of the satisfaction of
performance obligations, usually over time, as a contract liability. Invoiced amounts for non-cancellable services
starting in future periods are included in contract assets and contract liabilities.
Unsatisfied performance obligations (Contract liabilities)
Unsatisfied performance obligations represent the expected revenues to be recognised for the satisfaction of
remaining performance obligations on existing contracts. The balance generally increases with the execution of
new contracts and converts into revenue as contractual performance obligations are satisfied. The Group
invoices its customers based on contractual billing schedules, typically annual, quarterly, monthly, or agreed-
upon instalments. Amounts billed and/or collected in advance of services being provided are recorded as
contract liabilities and other noncurrent liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets and are recognised as
revenue as the services are performed.
Interest receivable
Interest receivable from related party loans outstanding is recognised on an accrual basis where the amount is
calculated based on the annual interest percentage applicable for the relevant period multiplied by the
outstanding capital amount of the loan.
Taxation
Current tax, including UK corporation tax and foreign tax, is provided at amounts expected to be paid (or
recovered) using the tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet
date.
A provision is recognised for those matters for which the tax determination is uncertain but it is considered
probable that there will be a future outflow of funds to a tax authority. The provisions are measured at the best
estimate of the amount expected to become payable. The assessment is based on the judgement of tax
professionals within the Group supported by previous experience in respect of such activities and in certain
cases based on specialist independent tax advice.
Deferred tax is recognised in respect of all timing differences that have originated but not reversed at the balance
sheet date where transactions or events that result in an obligation to pay more tax in the future or a right to pay
less tax in the future have occurred at the balance sheet date.  Timing differences are differences between the
Group’s taxable profits and its results as stated in the financial statements that arise from the inclusion of gains
and losses in tax assessments in periods different from those in which they are recognised in the financial
statements.
Unrelieved tax losses and other deferred tax assets are recognised only to the extent that, based on all available
evidence, it can be regarded as more likely than not that there will be suitable taxable profits from which the
future reversal of the underlying timing differences can be deducted. 
Deferred tax liabilities are recognised for timing differences arising from investments in subsidiaries and
associates, except where the Group is able to control the reversal of the timing difference and it is probable that
it will not reverse in the foreseeable future.
20
Planet Midco Limited
Notes to the financial statements
Year ended 31 December 2025
1. Accounting policies (continued)
Taxation (continued)
Deferred tax is measured using the tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the
balance sheet date that are expected to apply to the reversal of the timing difference.  Deferred tax relating to
non-depreciable property, plant and equipment measured using the revaluation model and investment property is
measured using the tax rates and allowances that apply to sale of the asset. In other cases, the measurement of
deferred tax liabilities and assets reflects the tax consequences that would follow from the manner in which the
Group expects, at the end of the reporting period, to recover or settle the carrying amount of its assets and
liabilities.
Where items recognised in other comprehensive income or equity are chargeable to or deductible for tax
purposes, the resulting current or deferred tax expense or income is presented in the same component of
comprehensive income or equity as the transaction or other event that resulted in the tax expense or income.
Current tax assets and liabilities are offset only when there is a legally enforceable right to set off the amounts
and the Group intends either to settle on a net basis or to realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset only if: a) the Group has a legally enforceable right to set off current
tax assets against current tax liabilities; and b) the deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities relate to income
taxes levied by the same taxation authority on either the same taxable entity or different taxable entities which
intend either to settle current tax liabilities and assets on a net basis, or to realise the assets and settle the
liabilities simultaneously, in each future period in which significant amounts of deferred tax liabilities or assets
are expected to be settled or recovered.
Retirement benefits
The Group operates a defined contribution scheme on behalf of its employees. The assets of the scheme are
separately held in an independently administered fund. Contributions to the defined contribution scheme are
charged to the consolidated statement of comprehensive income as they become payable.  Differences between
contributions payable in the period and contributions actually paid are shown as either accruals or prepayments
in the balance sheet.
Foreign currency transactions
Transactions in currencies other than the functional currency (foreign currencies) are initially recorded at the
exchange rate prevailing on the date of the transaction.
Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated at the rate of exchange ruling at
the reporting date. Non-monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated at the
rate ruling at the date of the transaction or, if the asset or liability is measured at fair value, the rate when that
fair value was determined.
Cash at bank and in hand
Cash at bank and in hand comprises cash balances and deposits held at bank which are repayable on demand and
form an integral part of the Group’s cash management.
Financial instruments
The Group has elected to apply the provisions of Section 11 ‘Basic Financial Instruments’ and Section 12 ‘Other
Financial Instruments Issues’ of FRS 102 to all its financial instruments.
Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognised when the Group becomes a party to the contractual
provisions of the instrument.
Financial liabilities and equity instruments are classified according to the substance of the contractual
arrangements entered. An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of the
Group after deducting all its liabilities.
21
Planet Midco Limited
Notes to the financial statements
Year ended 31 December 2025
1. Accounting policies (continued)
Financial instruments (continued)
(i) Financial assets and liabilities
All financial assets and liabilities are initially measured at transaction price (including transaction costs), except
for those financial assets classified as at fair value through profit or loss, which are initially measured at fair
value (which is normally the transaction price excluding transaction costs), unless the arrangement constitutes a
financing transaction. If an arrangement constitutes a financing transaction, the financial asset or financial
liability is measured at the present value of the future payments discounted at a market rate of interest for a
similar debt instrument.
(i) Financial assets and liabilities (continued)
Financial assets and liabilities are only offset in the statement of financial position when, and only when there
exists a legally enforceable right to set off the recognised amounts and the Group intends either to settle on a net
basis, or to realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously.
Debt instruments which meet the following conditions of being ‘basic’ financial instruments as defined in
paragraph 11.9 of FRS 102 are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method.
Debt instruments that have no stated interest rate (and do not constitute financing transaction) and are classified
as payable or receivable within one year are initially measured at an undiscounted amount of the cash or other
consideration expected to be paid or received, net of impairment.
Except for some hedging instruments, other debt instruments not meeting conditions of being ‘basic’ financial
instruments are measured at fair value through profit or loss.
Commitments to make and receive loans which meet the conditions mentioned above are measured at cost
(which may be nil) less impairment. 
Financial assets are derecognised when and only when a) the contractual rights to the cash flows from the
financial asset expire or are settled, b) the Group transfers to another party substantially all of the risks and
rewards of ownership of the financial asset, or c) the Group, despite having retained some, but not all,
significant risks and rewards of ownership, has transferred control of the asset to another party.
Financial liabilities are derecognised only when the obligation specified in the contract is discharged, cancelled
or expires.
(ii) Equity instruments
Equity instruments issued by the Group are recorded at the fair value of cash or other resources received or
receivable, net of direct issue costs.
Share-based payment schemes
The Group operates an employee share-based incentive scheme in the equity instruments (in the form of
partnership interests) of the Group's ultimate parent, Planet TopCo LP
The cost of equity-settled transactions with employees is measured by reference to the fair value of the equity
instrument at the grant date. The expense is recognised in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income
over the vesting period of the share-based incentive scheme.
22
Planet Midco Limited
Notes to the financial statements
Year ended 31 December 2025
2. Critical accounting judgements, key sources of estimation uncertainty and change in policy
Critical accounting judgements
In the application of the Group’s accounting policies, which are described in note 1, the directors are required to
make judgements (other than those involving estimations) that have a significant impact on the amounts
recognised and to make estimates and assumptions about the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities that are
not readily apparent from other sources. The estimates and associated assumptions are based on historical
experience and other factors that are relevant. Actual results may differ from these estimates.
The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates
are recognised in the period in which the estimate is revised if the revision affects only that period, or in the
period of the revision and future periods if the revision affects both current and future periods.
Key sources of estimation uncertainty
Fair value of identifiable assets and liabilities recognised on business combination
The Group makes estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities,
particularly concerning the fair valuation of identifiable assets and liabilities acquired in business combinations.
These valuations are based on management's best estimates and involve significant judgements regarding
methods and inputs, such as discount rates and growth rates. Changes in these estimates can materially impact
the financial statements.  The group reviews these estimates regularly, but actual results may differ, leading to
adjustments in future periods.
Goodwill impairment
Goodwill represents the excess of the fair value of consideration paid for an acquisition over the fair value of the
net assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date. The Group evaluates goodwill of its cash
generating units for impairment at least annually on the first day of the fiscal fourth quarter, or whenever events
or circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. An impairment is recognised for the
amount by which the asset’s carrying amount exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the
higher of its value in use and its fair value less costs to sell. Impairment tests of goodwill are performed based
on the financial budgets most recently prepared by the Group. The budgets are based on historical experience
and represent management’s best estimates about future developments. The analysis relies on significant
judgements and assumptions about expected future cash flows, weighted-average cost of capital, discount rates,
expected long-term growth rates, and financial measures derived from observable market data of comparable
public companies.
Impairment of internally developed software costs
During the period, management considered the recoverability of its internally developed software costs which
are included in the balance sheet at a total of $131.0 million net book value at  31 December 2025 (2024: $103.4
million).  Management reviews individual projects to ensure that their development continues to progress in a
satisfactory and feasible manner for those in the development phase and that for those that are fully developed
and in use are continuing to add value.  This includes reviewing that the projected revenues and costs are in line
with previous estimates, and that those ones that are completed are more than recovering the current carrying
value on a discounted cash flow basis.  This situation continues to be regularly monitored.
Useful lives of acquired goodwill and intangible assets
Management estimates the useful lives of acquired goodwill and intangible assets for amortisation purposes. The
determination of these useful lives requires judgment, including consideration of technological obsolescence and
expected economic usage. As of the reporting date, the remaining useful lives of the Group’s goodwill and
intangible assets range from 12 to 18 years, with straight-line amortisation method reflecting the pattern in
which the assets’ economic benefits are consumed. Changes to these assumptions could materially impact
amortisation expense and impairment assessments.
Change in accounting policy
Change in profit and loss presentation
During the year, the Group changed the presentation of its profit and loss account. This represents a voluntary
change in accounting policy under FRS 102 Section 10, applied retrospectively.
23
Planet Midco Limited
Notes to the financial statements
Year ended 31 December 2025
2. Critical accounting judgements, key sources of estimation uncertainty and change in policy (continued)
Change in accounting policy (continued)
The following table presents impact of the presentation change on the consolidated statement of comprehensive
loss for the year ending 31 December 2024 (in thousands of USD):
Previous
accounting
policy
Effect of
policy change
As presented
$'000
$'000
$'000
Revenue
436,887
—
436,887
Own work capitalised
—
63,156
63,156
Cost of revenues
(171,641)
171,641
—
Selling, general and administrative
(177,849)
177,849
—
Staff costs
—
(194,630)
(194,630)
Other operating charges
—
(218,016)
(218,016)
Depreciation and amortisation of fixed assets
(9,989)
9,989
—
Amortisation of internally developed software
(15,654)
15,654
—
Amortisation of goodwill and intangible assets
(148,293)
148,293
—
Depreciation and amortization of tangible and
intangible assets
—
(173,936)
(173,936)
Loss on disposal of tangible and intangible assets
(4,394)
—
(4,394)
Foreign transactions gain and losses, net
(9,369)
—
(9,369)
Interest income
3,200
—
3,200
Interest expense
(89,042)
—
(89,042)
Loss before income taxes
(186,144)
—
(186,144)
The FRC issued amendments to FRS 102 in March 2024. The key changes impacting the Group that are adopted
in the annual financial statements for the year ended  31 December 2024,  and which have given rise to changes
in the Group’s accounting policies are:
Leases
The Group adopted the revised standard with a transition date of 01 January 2024. The Group has applied a
modified retrospective approach and therefore, the changes have been processed at the date of the initial
application and recognised in the opening equity balances. Details of the impact of the standard have been given
below.
Revised section 20 provides a single lessee accounting model, requiring the recognition of assets and liabilities
for all leases, together with options to exclude leases where the lease term is 12 months or less, or where the
underlying asset is of low value. Lessors classify leases as operating or finance leases depending on whether the
risks and rewards incidental to ownership of the underlying asset are transferred to the lessee and account for the
lease accordingly. A similar lessor model applied to leases prior to the Periodic Review 2024. There was no
impact on the Group’s activities as a lessor.
Transition method and practical expedients utilized:
The Group adopted revised section 20 using the modified retrospective approach, with the recognition of
transitional adjustments on the date of the initial application (01 January 2024), without restatement of the
comparative figures. The Group elected to apply the practical expedient to not reassess whether a contract is or
contains a lease at the date of the initial application. Contracts entered into before the transition date that were
not identified as leases were not reassessed. The definition of a lease under revised section 20 only applies to
contracts entered into or changed on or after  01 January 2024.
24
Planet Midco Limited
Notes to the financial statements
Year ended 31 December 2025
2. Critical accounting judgements, key sources of estimation uncertainty and change in policy (continued)
Transition method and practical expedients utilized: (continued)
As a lessee, the Group previously classified leases as operating or finance leases based on its assessment of
whether the lease transferred substantially all risk and rewards of ownership. Under revised section 20, the
Group recognises right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for most leases. However, the Group has elected not to
recognise right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for some leases of low value assets based on the underlying
asset when new or for short term leases with a lease term of 12 months or less.
The following table presents the adoption impact of the revised section 20 on the consolidated statement of
comprehensive loss for the year ending 31 December 2024 (in thousands of USD):
Previous
accounting
policy
Effect of revised
section 20
As presented
$'000
$'000
$'000
Selling, general & administrative expenses
7,767
(7,767)
—
Depreciation
—
6,397
6,397
Interest expense
—
2,067
2,067
Net loss
7,767
697
8,464
Revenue from contracts with customers
The Group adopted the revised standard with a transition date of 01 January 2024. FRS 102 introduces a new
model for revenue recognition based on the satisfaction of performance obligations, using five step approach.
The Group applied requirements of revised section 23 using the modified retrospective method, by recognising
the cumulative effect of initially applying revised section 23 as an adjustment to the opening balance of the
equity at  01 January 2024.
Therefore, the comparative information has not been restated and continues to be reported under the
requirements of previous version of section 23. The effect of these changes on retained earnings at the date of
the transition is nil.
Impact of other FRS 102 amendments on the Group’s financial statements
Other new revised sections issued by FRC did not impact the Group as they are either not relevant to the
Group’s activities or require accounting which is consistent with the Group’s current accounting policies.
25
Planet Midco Limited
Notes to the financial statements
Year ended 31 December 2025
3. Revenue from contracts with customers
Disaggregation of revenue
In presenting the geographic information, revenue has been based on the geographic billing location of
customers for the periods presented:
2025
2024
$'000
$'000
United Kingdom
41,300
36,203
Americas
166,378
162,348
Rest of World
248,599
238,336
456,277
436,887
Sources and timing of revenue recognition
The Group’s performance obligations are satisfied either over time or at a point in time.  The following table
presents the Group’s revenue by timing of revenue recognition: 
2025
2024
$'000
$'000
Research revenue transferred over time
397,871
390,738
Consulting revenue transferred over time
45,370
36,335
Transactional revenue transferred at a point in time
13,036
9,814
456,277
436,887
Contract assets
Accounts receivables (contact assets) are generally recorded at the invoiced amount. Unbilled receivables are
short-term in nature and expected to be billed within one year.  Accounts receivable, net in the consolidated
balance sheets in comprised of the following as at 31 December 2025 and 2024:
2025
2024
$'000
$'000
Billed receivables
124,880
106,363
Unbilled receivables
11,097
6,044
Total receivables
135,977
112,407
Less: allowance for credit losses
(5,391)
(7,848)
Total accounts receivable, net
130,586
104,559
Contract liabilities
As at 31 December 2025 and 2024, the Group had contract liabilities that primarily related to unsatisfied
performance obligations for non-cancellable contracts which the Group has an unconditional right to
consideration from the customer. The following is a summary of the change in contract liabilities related to
subscription revenue as at and for the years ended 31 December 2025 and 2024:
26
Planet Midco Limited
Notes to the financial statements
Year ended 31 December 2025
3. Revenue from contracts with customers (continued)
Contract liabilities (continued)
2025
2024
$'000
$'000
Balance as of beginning of year
127,970
122,513
Subscription revenue
(278,482)
(260,970)
Subscription billings
316,531
266,427
Contract liabilities as of end of year
166,019
127,970
Consulting related contract liabilities were $1.2 million at 31 December 2025 (2024: $0.9 million) and are
included in the Creditors: amounts falling due within one year in the Group’s statement of financial position.
4. Other operating charges
Operating charges comprised of the following:
2025
2024
$'000
$'000
Intercompany operating charges
93,815
73,399
Professional and consulting expenses
55,783
74,736
Cloud computing, infrastructure and subscription expenses
36,816
31,851
Miscellaneous Fees
569
8,600
Equipment
10,977
8,058
Office expenses
6,582
6,992
Travel expenses
8,113
6,336
Marketing expenses
7,675
4,534
Insurance
2,604
3,514
Bad debt expense
2,212
(4)
225,146
218,016
The analysis of auditor’s remuneration is as follows:
2025
2024
$'000
$'000
Total fees payable for the audit of the financial statements
521
467
521
467
27
Planet Midco Limited
Notes to the financial statements
Year ended 31 December 2025
5. Staff costs
Total employer contributions made to defined contribution pension schemes and equivalents in 2025 totalled
$13.8 million (2024: $13.5 million). Key management personnel remuneration is disclosed in note 17.
6. Share-based compensation
Certain key employees and directors of the Group and its subsidiary entities are granted the opportunity to
subscribe for Class A and Class B partnership interests in Planet TopCo LP, the Group's ultimate parent. The
Class A partnership interests in Planet TopCo LP are issued in exchange for a cash consideration on the same
terms as those issued to Veritas Capital Fund VIII, LP, and Planet Co-Investor Holdings L.P., vehicles owned or
affiliated with Veritas Capital Fund Management, L.L.C. Class A partnership interests have no service
conditions and are not remuneration for services, thus they are not considered to be share-based compensation
under FRS 102.
The Class B partnership interests have two tranches: 50% of the awards vest upon meeting a service condition
(“Class B Time-based Awards”); and 50% vests upon a change in control or other liquidity event (“Class B
Performance-based Awards”), subject to continued employment (collectively, the “Equity Awards”). The Class
B Time-based Awards vest equally each year over the five-year requisite service period (i.e. 20% on each
anniversary for the next five years). Class B partnership interests are awarded with varying terms depending
upon the employee’s country of residence, specific details are as set out below.
The Class B partnership interests in Planet Topco LP awarded to the Group’s employees were financed through
interest-free non-recourse loans by the relevant employing entities for a total amount of  $0.1 million and during
the year ended 31 December 2025 (2024: $0.2 million). The non-recourse loans will be repayable upon certain
events such as an initial public offering, change of control, termination of employee, sale of the shares or receipt
of dividends or distributions. As the loans issued are on a non-recourse basis, the Class B partnership interests
issued are accounted for as share options, and no receivables for amounts due under the loan were recorded on
the Group’s balance sheet.
Share-based compensation expense
The Equity Awards are equity-classified awards, and compensation expense is calculated based on the grant-
date fair value, which is estimated based on the fair value of the Class B partnership interests. To estimate the
fair value of the Equity Awards, a Monte-Carlo Simulation (“MCS”) option pricing model was utilised.
The MCS valuation assumptions for the Equity Awards granted during the year ended 31 December 2025:
Class B Partnership
interests
Expected volatility (%)
37.5%
Risk-free interest rate (%)
4.31% - 4.34%
Expected dividend yield
0%
Expected term (years)
2.7 - 4.7
The MCS valuation assumptions for the Equity Awards granted during the year ended 31 December 2024:
Class B Partnership
interests
Expected volatility (%)
42.5%
Risk-free interest rate (%)
3.21% - 3.25%
Expected dividend yield
0%
Expected term (years)
5.2
6. Share-based compensation (continued)
The fair value of each stock option/restricted stock granted is estimated using the MCS Option Pricing
Methodology and scenario analysis. The determination of the grant date fair value is affected by our estimated
28
Planet Midco Limited
Notes to the financial statements
Year ended 31 December 2025
price of common stock as at the grant date, as well as assumptions regarding a number of other key valuation
variables. These variables include expected stock price volatility, risk-free interest rate and expected dividend
yield of the stock, each for the expected term of the award. The expected volatility of the stock options is based
on the average historical equity volatility of several comparable publicly traded companies over a time period
matching the expected term of the option, with the average historical volatility of similar companies providing
the best estimate of future stock volatility for the Group. The risk-free interest rates used are based on the yield
to maturity of UK Government bonds sourced for corresponding periods to the expected exit dates. Rates are
linearly interpolated from benchmark rates with the closest available maturities corresponding to the expected
term of the stock options. The dividend yield assumption is based on the forecasted dividends of the business
over the expected term of the option, with the yield being a forecast average of the annual dividend yield to
common stock price over the term of option.
The Group recognises compensation costs for the Class B Time-based Awards over the vesting periods using the
straight-line method. For Class B Performance-based awards, the compensation costs are deferred until the
consummation of the required liquidity event or performance condition has been met. The total compensation
costs recognised for Class B Time-based Awards in the staff costs of the income statement for the period ended
31 December 2025  $2.0 million (2024: $2.2 million).
Movements in awards
The following table summarizes the movements in the Class B partnership interests in Planet TopCo LP held by
the employees of the Group and its subsidiary entities for the years ended 31 December 2025 and 2024:
Weighted
average fair
value
$ Million
Class B Partnership Interest
Outstanding at 01 January 2024
23
Granted
2.02
Forfeited
(4.30)
Outstanding at 31 December 2024
20.88
Expected to vest at 31 December 2024
8.58
Outstanding at 01 January 2025
20.88
Granted
0.75
Forfeited
(2.65)
Outstanding at 31 December 2025
18.98
Vested and exercisable at 31 December 2025
2.09
Expected to vest at 31 December 2025
6.49
29
Planet Midco Limited
Notes to the financial statements
Year ended 31 December 2025
7. Tax on loss
2025
2024
$'000
$'000
Current taxation
Overseas tax
7,492
4,532
Adjustment in respect of prior periods
5,230
(3,295)
Total current tax
12,722
1,237
Deferred taxation
UK
(37,658)
(35,013)
Foreign
(333)
(23)
Adjustment in respect of prior periods
(10,996)
(1,854)
Total deferred tax
(48,987)
(36,890)
Total tax (credit) on loss
(36,265)
(35,653)
The standard rate of tax for the period, based on the UK rate of corporation tax is 25% (2024: 25%).
2025
2024
$'000
$'000
Loss before income taxes
(203,583)
(186,144)
  Tax (credit) on loss at standard rate 25% (2024: 25%)
(50,896)
(46,875)
Factors affecting the charge for the period:
  Foreign rate differential
188
711
  Withholding tax
827
509
  Adjustments in respect of prior years
(5,766)
(5,147)
  Amortisation of non-deductible goodwill
14,215
13,621
  Non-deductible expenditure/non-taxable income
4,672
1,484
  Stock-based compensation
326
—
  Group relief
—
71
  Deferred tax not recognised
169
(27)
Total tax (credit)
(36,265)
(35,653)
30
Planet Midco Limited
Notes to the financial statements
Year ended 31 December 2025
8. Intangible assets
Development
Costs
Goodwill
Database
Sales
Relationships
Total
$'000
$'000
$'000
$'000
$'000
Cost
At 01 January 2025
120,694
1,082,589
911,899
712,421
2,827,603
Additions
57,663
—
—
—
57,663
Foreign exchange movement
14,944
78,060
66,777
52,170
211,951
Impairment
(67)
—
—
—
(67)
At 31 December 2025
193,234
1,160,649
978,676
764,591
3,097,150
Accumulated amortisation
At 01 January 2025
17,282
54,130
110,080
68,273
249,765
Charge for the year
42,509
56,858
60,329
37,416
197,112
Foreign exchange movement
2,432
5,188
9,365
5,807
22,792
At 31 December 2025
62,223
116,176
179,774
111,496
469,669
Net book value
At 31 December 2025
131,011
1,044,473
798,902
653,095
2,627,481
At 31 December 2024
103,412
1,028,459
801,819
644,148
2,577,838
31
Planet Midco Limited
Notes to the financial statements
Year ended 31 December 2025
9. Tangible fixed assets
Leasehold
Computer
Equipment
Fixtures &
Fittings
Total
$'000
$'000
$'000
$'000
Cost
At 01 January 2025
2,864
10,134
814
13,812
Additions for year
272
2,269
(51)
2,490
Foreign exchange movement
93
1,036
249
1,378
At 31 December 2025
3,229
13,439
1,012
17,680
Accumulated depreciation
At 01 January 2025
1,174
4,688
317
6,179
Charge for the year
649
2,910
117
3,676
Foreign exchange movement
126
1,365
203
1,694
At 31 December 2025
1,949
8,963
637
11,549
Net book value
At 31 December 2025
1,280
4,476
375
6,131
At 31 December 2024
1,690
5,446
497
7,633
10. Leases
Right-of-use Assets
$'000
Cost
At 01 January 2025
24,096
Additions for year
2,000
Terminations and disposals
(1,043)
Foreign exchange movement
4,361
At 31 December 2025
29,414
Accumulated depreciation
01 January 2025
6,026
Charge for the year
6,681
Terminations and disposals
(1,043)
Foreign exchange movement
3,902
At 31 December 2025
15,566
Net book value
At 31 December 2025
13,848
At 31 December 2024
18,070
32
Planet Midco Limited
Notes to the financial statements
Year ended 31 December 2025
10. Leases (continued)
2025
2024
$'000
$'000
Lease liabilities
Current
6,614
9,073
Non Current
9,732
10,407
The Group leases buildings for its offices under agreements of between one to six years with, in some cases,
options to extend. On renewal, the terms of the leases are renegotiated.
Amounts recognised in consolidated net loss and other comprehensive loss for the years ended 31 December
2025 are as follows:
2025
2024
$'000
$'000
Depreciation expense of right-of-use assets
6,681
6,397
Interest expense on lease liabilities
1,849
2,067
Total amount recognised in net loss
8,530
8,464
Maturities of lease liabilities as at 31 December 2025 for the years through 2030 and thereafter are as follows:
2025
$'000
Years ending
2026
7,584
2027
4,486
2028
3,446
2029
1,994
2030
1,483
2031 and thereafter
393
Total lease payments
19,386
Less imputed interest
(3,040)
Present value of total lease payments
16,346
33
Planet Midco Limited
Notes to the financial statements
Year ended 31 December 2025
11. Debtors
2025
2024
$'000
$'000
Amounts falling due within one year
Trade debtors
119,489
98,515
Contract assets
11,097
6,044
Prepayments
17,789
18,339
Corporate tax
—
2,115
Amounts owed by other group related undertakings
188,748
189,765
Other debtors
3,376
1,887
340,499
316,665
As of 31 December 2025, an impairment allowance of $5.4 million (2024: $7.8 million) was recognised in
respect of trade debtors due from customers from whom payment was overdue and receipt is classified as
doubtful.
34
Planet Midco Limited
Notes to the financial statements
Year ended 31 December 2025
12. Creditors: amounts falling due within one year & after one year
2025
2024
$'000
$'000
Amounts falling due within one year
Trade payables
6,729
6,092
Accruals
36,218
34,838
Corporate Tax
2,073
728
Lease liabilities
6,614
9,073
Other taxes and social security
4,905
5,029
Other payables
2,159
34
Amounts owed to other group related undertakings
334,135
273,950
Contract liabilities
167,200
128,850
560,033
458,594
Amounts falling due after one year
Due to related undertakings
937,500
937,500
Lease liabilities
9,732
10,407
947,232
947,907
Amounts due to related undertakings reflect operational trading relationships and other debt financing with the
Group’s subsidiaries as well as the ultimate parent Group and its subsidiaries.  The Group has an obligation to
related entities with an overall balance that is set to mature in 2030.  This obligation carries an interest rate of
3.2% plus the SOFR, which may fluctuate based on market conditions.  The Group is committed to fulfilling
this obligation in accordance with the agreed terms.
Contract liabilities represents unearned income on invoiced research subscriptions and consultancy contracts.
The directors consider the carrying value of deferred income approximates to its fair value and does not
represent a liability to repay the customer unless there is a failure to deliver the required goods and services
under the terms of the contract.
35
Planet Midco Limited
Notes to the financial statements
Year ended 31 December 2025
13. Consolidated analysis of changes in net borrowings
Opening
balance
Cash flow
Additions
Non-cash
movement
Total
Note
$'000
$'000
$'000
$'000
$'000
Accrued interest on long term debt
14
15,470
(79,110)
71,043
—
7,403
Debt due within 1 year as at 31 December
2025
15,470
(79,110)
71,043
—
7,403
Long term debt with related undertakings
14
937,500
—
—
—
937,500
Debt due within 1 year as at 31 December
2025
937,500
—
—
—
937,500
Obligations under leases
14
19,480
(8,998)
2,000
3,864
16,346
Total net debt as at 31 December 2025
972,450
(88,108)
73,043
3,864
961,249
14. Deferred taxation
Net deferred tax liability is comprised of the following:
2025
2024
$'000
$'000
Deferred tax liabilities
356,088
349,809
Net liability as at Deferred tax assets
(74,290)
(45,164)
Net liability as at 31 December
281,798
304,645
The deferred tax liability of $356.1 million primarily relates to the fair value uplift recognised on intangible
assets and is expected to reverse over the useful life of the assets.
The major deferred tax liabilities recognised by the Group are:
2025
2024
$'000
$'000
Opening balance 1 January
349,809
373,498
Prior year adjustment
2,690
655
Recognised in the income statement
(21,607)
(18,840)
Recognised in OCI
25,949
—
Foreign exchange differences
(753)
(5,504)
Closing balance as at 31 December
356,088
349,809
36
Planet Midco Limited
Notes to the financial statements
Year ended 31 December 2025
14. Deferred taxation (continued)
The major deferred tax assets recognised by the Group are:
2025
2024
$'000
$'000
Opening balance 1 January
(45,164)
(26,201)
Prior year adjustment
(13,689)
(2,508)
Recognised in the income statement
(16,384)
(16,198)
Recognised in equity
—
(303)
Foreign exchange differences
947
46
Closing balance as at 31 December
(74,290)
(45,164)
The tax effects of significant items comprising the deferred tax (assets) and liabilities as at December 31 are as
follows:
2025
2024
$'000
$'000
Stock compensation
—
(1,208)
Fixed assets
(2,713)
(1,829)
Tax losses
(28,083)
(5,757)
Corporate interest restriction disallowance
(43,494)
(35,823)
Other
—
(547)
Deferred tax (assets) recognised
(74,290)
(45,164)
All losses may be carried forward indefinitely. Deferred tax is not recognised in respect of losses of $25 million
(2024: $13.4 million) as it is not probable that they will be recovered against the reversal of deferred tax
liabilities or other future taxable profits.
2025
2024
$'000
$'000
Intangible assets
356,326
349,676
Fixed assets
101
133
Other
(339)
—
Deferred tax liabilities recognised
356,088
349,809
15. Called-up share capital
2025
2024
$'000
$'000
50,000 Ordinary shares of £1 each
58
58
58
58
37
Planet Midco Limited
Notes to the financial statements
Year ended 31 December 2025
15. Called-up share capital (continued)
The main rights attaching to the various classes of share are as follows:
Ordinary Shares
The authorised share capital of the Group amounts to GBP 50,000 divided into 50,000 shares at a par value of
GBP 1.00 each. All issued share capital is held at the Parent Company. Contributions made by the Parent
Company are recorded as additional paid in capital in the period that the contributions were received.
In addition to the called-up share capital of $58,000, the group has recorded amounts over and above the
nominal value, included within share premium, totalling $1.54 billion.
16. Financial commitments
The Group enters into contractual commitments which may have a minimum guarantee per contractual year.
These contracts primarily relate to network infrastructure and data centre operations. The following table shows
unconditional purchase obligations committed by the Group as at  31 December 2025 and 2024,  respectively, in
future periods:
2025
2024
$'000
$'000
Within one year
25,465
16,050
Within one to two years
25,987
21,280
Within two to three years
13,907
20,000
More than three years
5,671
20,000
Total
71,030
77,330
17. Related party transactions
As at the balance sheet date, the Group was a wholly owned subsidiary within a group that prepares
consolidated financial statements.  This entity is the smallest and largest group into which the overall results are
consolidated.
Transactions with related undertakings reflect operational trading relationships with the Group’s subsidiaries. 
Any outstanding balances are unsecured, repayable on demand and do not accrue interest.
Certain key employees and directors of the group’s subsidiary entities entered into interest-free non-recourse
loans totalling $0.14 million and during the year ended 31 December 2025 (2024: $0.17 million). in aggregate in
order to facilitate cashless exercise of their options to purchase Class B profit interests. These loans were funded
by each of the subsidiary entities that employ the individuals. The loans will be repayable upon certain events
such as an initial public offering, change of control, involuntary termination of the employee, sale of the profit
interests or receipt of dividends or distributions. The non-recourse loan received as consideration for the
issuance of partnership interests is considered a share option for accounting purposes and has not been
recognised on the Group’s consolidated statement of financial position.
Key management personnel are defined as those individuals with authority and responsibility for planning,
directing, and controlling the activities of the entity.
38
Planet Midco Limited
Notes to the financial statements
Year ended 31 December 2025
17. Related party transactions (continued)
The compensation of key management personnel is as follows:
2025
2024
$'000
$'000
Directors Remuneration
Emoluments including short and long term awards
1,338
1,282
Pension contributions
76
108
1,414
1,390
No.
No.
Number of directors who are members of the defined contribution
pension scheme
2
2
Two directors were entitled to receive Class B Partnership interests in Planet Topco LP, the Group’s ultimate
parent, in respect of their qualifying services. Further details are set out in note 6.
One of the directors active in the period was paid by other related undertakings and it is not possible to allocate
their remuneration between entities
18. Post balance sheet events
During the year ended 31 December 2025, the Group entered into a lease agreement for office premises in
Edinburgh. The lease had not yet commenced as of 31 December 2025, and therefore no right-of-use asset or
lease liability has been recorded in the accompanying financial statements. The lease commenced on 1 April
2026 and has a term of 15 years with annual rentals of $1.6m.
19. Ultimate controlling party
The immediate parent company is Planet Holdco 2 Ltd, which has a registered address in Jersey, 2nd Floor, Sir
Walter Raleigh House, 48–50 Esplanade, St Helier, JE2 3QB, Jersey.
The ultimate parent company is Planet TopCo LP, a holding company, registered in Delaware, United States.
At 31 December 2025, Planet TopCo LP is owned by Veritas Capital, a global, US based private equity fund,
headquartered in New York City, New York, United States.